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using deep jwst imaging from jades, jems and smiles, we characterize optically-faint and extremely red galaxies at $z>3$ that were previously missing from galaxy census estimates. the data indicate the existence of abundant, dusty and post-starburst-like galaxies down to $10^8$m$_\odot$, below the sensitivity limit ... | the galaxies missed by hubble and alma: the contribution of extremely red galaxies to the cosmic census at 3<z<8 |
here we provide the most comprehensive determinations of the rest-frame uv luminosity function (lf) available to date with the hubble space telescope (hst) at z ~ 2-9. essentially all of the noncluster extragalactic legacy fields are utilized, including the hubble ultra deep field, the hubble frontier fields parallel f... | new determinations of the uv luminosity functions from z 9 to 2 show a remarkable consistency with halo growth and a constant star formation efficiency |
mergers of binary neutron stars and black hole-neutron star binaries are among the most promising sources for ground-based gravitational-wave (gw) detectors and are also high-energy astrophysical phenomena, as illustrated by the observations of gws and electromagnetic (em) waves in the event of gw170817. mergers of the... | merger and mass ejection of neutron star binaries |
over the past decade, increasingly robust estimates of the dense molecular gas content in galaxy populations between redshift z = 0 and the peak of cosmic galaxy/star formation (z ∼ 1-3) have become available. this rapid progress has been possible due to the advent of powerful ground- and space-based telescopes for the... | the evolution of the star-forming interstellar medium across cosmic time |
fast radio bursts (frbs) are brief, bright, extragalactic radio flashes1,2. their physical origin remains unknown, but dozens of possible models have been postulated3. some frb sources exhibit repeat bursts4-7. although over a hundred frb sources have been discovered8, only four have been localized and associated with ... | a repeating fast radio burst source localized to a nearby spiral galaxy |
this paper presents the second data release of the hyper suprime-cam subaru strategic program, a wide-field optical imaging survey using the 8.2 m subaru telescope. the release includes data from 174 nights of observation through 2018 january. the wide layer data cover about 300 deg^2 in all five broad-band filters (gr... | second data release of the hyper suprime-cam subaru strategic program |
physics-informed neural networks (pinn) are neural networks (nns) that encode model equations, like partial differential equations (pde), as a component of the neural network itself. pinns are nowadays used to solve pdes, fractional equations, integral-differential equations, and stochastic pdes. this novel methodology... | scientific machine learning through physics-informed neural networks: where we are and what's next |
the properties of neutron stars are determined by the nature of the matter that they contain. these properties can be constrained by measurements of the star's size. we obtain stringent constraints on neutron-star radii by combining multimessenger observations of the binary neutron-star merger gw170817 with nuclear the... | stringent constraints on neutron-star radii from multimessenger observations and nuclear theory |
we review numerous arguments for primordial black holes (pbhs) based on observational evidence from a variety of lensing, dynamical, accretion and gravitational-wave effects. this represents a shift from the usual emphasis on pbh constraints and provides what we term a positivist perspective. microlensing observations ... | observational evidence for primordial black holes: a positivist perspective |
we present atacama large millimeter and submillimeter array observations of the protoplanetary disk around the herbig ae star hd 163296 that trace the spatial distribution of millimeter-sized particles and cold molecular gas on spatial scales as small as 25 astronomical units (a.u.). the image of the disk recorded in t... | ringed structures of the hd 163296 protoplanetary disk revealed by alma |
neutron stars and quark stars are ideal laboratories to study fundamental physics at supra nuclear densities and strong gravitational fields. astrophysical observables, however, depend strongly on the star's internal structure, which is currently unknown due to uncertainties in the equation of state. universal relation... | approximate universal relations for neutron stars and quark stars |
we present jwst/nirspec prism spectroscopy of macs0647-jd, the triply-lensed $z \sim 11$ candidate discovered in hst imaging and spatially resolved by jwst imaging into two components a and b. spectroscopy of component a yields a spectroscopic redshift $z=10.17$ based on 7 detected emission lines: ciii] $\lambda\lambda... | jwst nirspec spectroscopy of the triply-lensed $z = 10.17$ galaxy macs0647$-$jd |
the tip of the red giant branch (trgb) method provides one of the most accurate and precise means of measuring the distances to nearby galaxies. here we present a multi-wavelength, vijhk absolute calibration of the trgb based on observations of trgb stars in the large magellanic cloud (lmc), grounded on a geometric dis... | calibration of the tip of the red giant branch |
the binary neutron-star merger gw170817 was accompanied by radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum and localized to the galaxy ngc 4993 at a distance of about 41 megaparsecs from earth. the radio and x-ray afterglows of gw170817 exhibited delayed onset, a gradual increase in the emission with time (proportional t... | superluminal motion of a relativistic jet in the neutron-star merger gw170817 |
the ultraviolet transient astronomy satellite (ultrasat) is scheduled to be launched to geostationary orbit in 2026. it will carry a telescope with an unprecedentedly large field of view (204 deg$^2$) and nuv (230-290nm) sensitivity (22.5 mag, 5$\sigma$, at 900s). ultrasat will conduct the first wide-field survey of tr... | ultrasat: a wide-field time-domain uv space telescope |
the family of metallic kagome compounds a v3sb5 (a =k ,rb ,cs ) was recently discovered to exhibit both superconductivity and charge order. the nature of the charge density wave (cdw) phase is presently unsettled, which complicates the interpretation of the superconducting ground state. in this paper, we use group theo... | theory of the charge density wave in a v3sb5 kagome metals |
the large sky area multi-object fiber spectroscopic telescope (lamost) general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and qsos. objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are include... | the first data release (dr1) of the lamost regular survey |
we demonstrate in a general and analytic way how high-density information about the equation of state (eos) of strongly interacting matter obtained using perturbative quantum chromodynamics constrains the same eos at densities reachable in physical neutron stars. our approach is based on utilizing the full information ... | how perturbative qcd constrains the equation of state at neutron-star densities |
the hydrogen epoch of reionization array (hera) is a staged experiment to measure 21 cm emission from the primordial intergalactic medium (igm) throughout cosmic reionization (z = 6-12), and to explore earlier epochs of our cosmic dawn (z ∼ 30). during these epochs, early stars and black holes heated and ionized the ig... | hydrogen epoch of reionization array (hera) |
gravitational waves detected from the binary neutron star (ns) merger gw170817 constrained the ns equation of state by placing an upper bound on certain parameters, describing the binary’s tidal interactions. we show that the interpretation of the uv/optical/infrared counterpart of gw170817 with kilonova models, combin... | gw170817: joint constraint on the neutron star equation of state from multimessenger observations |
the precise localization of the repeating fast radio burst (frb 121102) has provided the first unambiguous association (chance coincidence probability p ≲ 3 × 10-4) of an frb with an optical and persistent radio counterpart. we report on optical imaging and spectroscopy of the counterpart and find that it is an extende... | the host galaxy and redshift of the repeating fast radio burst frb 121102 |
while tidal disruption events (tdes) have long been heralded as laboratories for the study of quiescent black holes, the small number of known tdes and uncertainties in their emission mechanism have hindered progress toward this promise. here we present 17 new tdes that have been detected recently by the zwicky transie... | seventeen tidal disruption events from the first half of ztf survey observations: entering a new era of population studies |
the h0licow collaboration inferred via strong gravitational lensing time delays a hubble constant value of h0 = 73.3-1.8+1.7 km s-1 mpc-1, describing deflector mass density profiles by either a power-law or stars (constant mass-to-light ratio) plus standard dark matter halos. the mass-sheet transform (mst) that leaves ... | tdcosmo. iv. hierarchical time-delay cosmography - joint inference of the hubble constant and galaxy density profiles |
we present 2241 exoplanet candidates identified with data from the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) during its 2 yr prime mission. we list these candidates in the tess objects of interest (toi) catalog, which includes both new planet candidates found by tess and previously known planets recovered by tess ob... | the tess objects of interest catalog from the tess prime mission |
the second ligo-virgo catalog of gravitational-wave (gw) transients has more than quadrupled the observational sample of binary black holes. we analyze this catalog using a suite of five state-of-the-art binary black hole population models covering a range of isolated and dynamical formation channels and infer branchin... | one channel to rule them all? constraining the origins of binary black holes using multiple formation pathways |
the basic geometry of the solar system-the shapes, spacings, and orientations of the planetary orbits-has long been a subject of fascination as well as inspiration for planet-formation theories. for exoplanetary systems, those same properties have only recently come into focus. here we review our current knowledge of t... | the occurrence and architecture of exoplanetary systems |
the distribution of planet sizes encodes details of planet formation and evolution. we present the most precise planet size distribution to date based on gaia parallaxes, kepler photometry, and spectroscopic temperatures from the california-kepler survey. previously, we measured stellar radii to 11% precision using hig... | the california-kepler survey. vii. precise planet radii leveraging gaia dr2 reveal the stellar mass dependence of the planet radius gap |
general relativity has shown an outstanding observational success in the scales where it has been directly tested. however, modifications have been intensively explored in the regimes where it seems either incomplete or signals its own limit of validity. in particular, the breakdown of unitarity near the planck scale s... | born-infeld inspired modifications of gravity |
gamma-ray bursts (grbs) are divided into two populations1,2; long grbs that derive from the core collapse of massive stars (for example, ref. 3) and short grbs that form in the merger of two compact objects4,5. although it is common to divide the two populations at a gamma-ray duration of 2 s, classification based on d... | a kilonova following a long-duration gamma-ray burst at 350 mpc |
most supernova explosions accompany the death of a massive star. these explosions give birth to neutron stars and black holes, and eject solar masses of heavy elements. however, determining the mechanism of explosion has been a half-century journey of great numerical and physical complexity. here we present the status ... | core-collapse supernova explosion theory |
preface; 1. convexity, colours, and statistics; 2. geometry of probability distributions; 3. much ado about spheres; 4. complex projective spaces; 5. outline of quantum mechanics; 6. coherent states and group actions; 7. the stellar representation; 8. the space of density matrices; 9. purification of mixed quantum stat... | geometry of quantum states |
we review recent progress and future prospects for harnessing powerful tools from theoretical high-energy physics, such as scattering amplitudes and effective field theory, to develop a precise and systematically improvable framework for calculating gravitational-wave signals from binary systems composed of black holes... | snowmass white paper: gravitational waves and scattering amplitudes |
freeze-out of the gas-phase elements onto cold grains in dense interstellar and circumstellar media builds up ice mantles consisting of molecules that are mostly formed in situ (h2o, nh3, co2, co, ch3oh, and more). this review summarizes the detected infrared spectroscopic ice features and compares the abundances acros... | observations of the icy universe. |
the recent detection by advanced ligo of gravitational waves (gw) from the merging of a binary black hole system sets new limits on the merging rates of massive primordial black holes (pbh) that could be a significant fraction or even the totality of the dark matter in the universe. aligo opens the way to the determina... | the clustering of massive primordial black holes as dark matter: measuring their mass distribution with advanced ligo |
the prediction of a supersonic solar wind1 was first confirmed by spacecraft near earth2,3 and later by spacecraft at heliocentric distances as small as 62 solar radii4. these missions showed that plasma accelerates as it emerges from the corona, aided by unidentified processes that transport energy outwards from the s... | alfvénic velocity spikes and rotational flows in the near-sun solar wind |
the astrophysics of the cosmic dawn, when star formation commenced in the first collapsed objects, is predicted to be revealed by spectral and spatial signatures in the cosmic radio background at long wavelengths. the sky-averaged redshifted 21 cm absorption line of neutral hydrogen is a probe of the cosmic dawn. the l... | on the detection of a cosmic dawn signal in the radio background |
spitzer/infrared array camera (irac) imaging has revealed that the brightest z ~ 7-8 galaxies often exhibit young ages and strong nebular line emission, hinting at high ionizing efficiency among early galaxies. however, irac's limited sensitivity has long hindered efforts to study the fainter, more numerous population ... | a jwst/nircam study of key contributors to reionization: the star-forming and ionizing properties of uv-faint z 7-8 galaxies |
numerical simulations have become a major tool for understanding galaxy formation and evolution. over the decades the field has made significant progress. it is now possible to simulate the formation of individual galaxies and galaxy populations from well-defined initial conditions with realistic abundances and global ... | theoretical challenges in galaxy formation |
a review is given of the theory and phenomenology of neutrino electromagnetic interactions, which provide powerful tools to probe the physics beyond the standard model. after a derivation of the general structure of the electromagnetic interactions of dirac and majorana neutrinos in the one-photon approximation, the ef... | neutrino electromagnetic interactions: a window to new physics |
the disks that orbit young stars are the essential conduits and reservoirs of material for star and planet formation. their structures, meaning the spatial variations of the disk physical conditions, reflect the underlying mechanisms that drive those formation processes. observations of the solids and gas in these disk... | observations of protoplanetary disk structures |
the second gaia data release (gaia dr2) contains, beyond the astrometry, three-band photometry for 1.38 billion sources. one band is the g band, the other two were obtained by integrating the gaia prism spectra (bp and rp). we have used these three broad photometric bands to infer stellar effective temperatures, teff, ... | gaia data release 2. first stellar parameters from apsis |
we analyze 24 binary radio pulsars in the north american nanohertz observatory for gravitational waves (nanograv) nine-year data set. we make 14 significant measurements of the shapiro delay, including new detections in four pulsar-binary systems (psrs j0613-0200, j2017+0603, j2302+4442, and j2317+1439), and derive est... | the nanograv nine-year data set: mass and geometric measurements of binary millisecond pulsars |
many neutron star properties, such as the proton fraction, reflect the symmetry energy contributions to the equation of state that dominate when neutron and proton densities differ strongly. to constrain these contributions at suprasaturation densities, we measure the spectra of charged pions produced by colliding rare... | probing the symmetry energy with the spectral pion ratio |
we investigate the application of an equation of state that incorporates corrections derived from the snyder model (and the generalized uncertainty principle) to describe the behaviour of matter in a low-mass star. remarkably, the resulting equations exhibit striking similarities to those arising from modified einstein... | constraining snyder and gup models with low-mass stars |
in the recent years, primordial black holes (pbhs) have emerged as one of the most interesting and hotly debated topics in cosmology. among other possibilities, pbhs could explain both some of the signals from binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational wave detectors and an important component of the dark matt... | primordial black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures |
aims: we produce a clean and well-characterised catalogue of objects within 100 pc of the sun from the gaia early data release 3. we characterise the catalogue through comparisons to the full data release, external catalogues, and simulations. we carry out a first analysis of the science that is possible with this samp... | gaia early data release 3. the gaia catalogue of nearby stars |
we present jwst nirspec spectroscopy for 11 galaxy candidates with photometric redshifts of z ≃ 9 - 13 and m uv ∈ [ -21, -18] newly identified in nircam images in the cosmic evolution early release science survey. we confirm emission line redshifts for 7 galaxies at z = 7.762-8.998 using spectra at ~1-5 μm either with ... | ceers spectroscopic confirmation of nircam-selected z ≳ 8 galaxy candidates with jwst/nirspec: initial characterization of their properties |
finding the first generation of stars formed out of pristine gas in the early universe, known as population iii (popiii) stars, is one of the most important goals of modern astrophysics. recent models suggest that popiii stars may form in pockets of pristine gas in the halo of more evolved galaxies. here we present nir... | jwst-jades. possible population iii signatures at z=10.6 in the halo of gn-z11 |
the noise in millisecond pulsar (msp) timing data can include contributions from observing instruments, the interstellar medium, the solar wind, solar system ephemeris errors, and the pulsars themselves. the noise environment must be accurately characterized in order to form the null hypothesis from which signal models... | the gravitational-wave background null hypothesis: characterizing noise in millisecond pulsar arrival times with the parkes pulsar timing array |
the cosmic radio-frequency spectrum is expected to show a strong absorption signal corresponding to the 21-centimetre-wavelength transition of atomic hydrogen around redshift 20, which arises from lyman-α radiation from some of the earliest stars. by observing this 21-centimetre signal—either its sky-averaged spectrum ... | possible interaction between baryons and dark-matter particles revealed by the first stars |
neutral-atomic and molecular outflows are a common occurrence in galaxies, near and far. they operate over the full extent of their galaxy hosts, from the innermost regions of galactic nuclei to the outermost reaches of galaxy halos. they carry a substantial amount of material that would otherwise have been used to for... | cool outflows in galaxies and their implications |
the gaia sausage is the major accretion event that built the stellar halo of the milky way galaxy. here, we provide dynamical and chemical evidence for a second substantial accretion episode, distinct from the gaia sausage. the sequoia event provided the bulk of the high-energy retrograde stars in the stellar halo, as ... | evidence for two early accretion events that built the milky way stellar halo |
the coalescence of double neutron star (ns-ns) and black hole (bh)-ns binaries are prime sources of gravitational waves (gw) for advanced ligo/virgo and future ground-based detectors. neutron-rich matter released from such events undergoes rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis as it decompresses into space,... | kilonovae |
coexisting density-wave and superconducting states along with the large anomalous hall effect in the absence of local magnetism remain intriguing and enigmatic features of the av3sb5 kagome metals (a = k, rb, cs). here, we demonstrate via optical spectroscopy and density-functional calculations that low-energy dynamics... | optical detection of the density-wave instability in the kagome metal kv3sb5 |
we present rest-frame optical data of the compact z = 5.55 galaxy gs_3073 obtained using the integral field spectroscopy mode of the near-infrared spectrograph on board the james webb space telescope. the galaxy's prominent broad components in several hydrogen and helium lines (though absent in the forbidden lines) and... | ga-nifs: a massive black hole in a low-metallicity agn at z ∼ 5.55 revealed by jwst/nirspec ifs |
the merger of two neutron stars has been predicted to produce an optical-infrared transient (lasting a few days) known as a ‘kilonova’, powered by the radioactive decay of neutron-rich species synthesized in the merger. evidence that short γ-ray bursts also arise from neutron-star mergers has been accumulating. in mode... | optical emission from a kilonova following a gravitational-wave-detected neutron-star merger |
since the science white paper of the large high altitude air shower observatory (lhaaso) published on arxiv in 2019 [e-print: 1905.02773 (astro-ph.he)], lhaaso has completed the transition from a project to an operational gamma-ray astronomical observatory lhaaso is a new generation multi-component facility located in ... | the large high altitude air shower observatory (lhaaso) science book (2021 edition) |
with several dozen binary black hole events detected by ligo-virgo to date and many more expected in the next few years, gravitational-wave astronomy is shifting from individual-event analyses to population studies. using the gwtc-2 catalog, we perform a hierarchical bayesian analysis that for the first time combines s... | searching for a subpopulation of primordial black holes in ligo-virgo gravitational-wave data |
the hierarchical triple-body approximation has useful applications to a variety of systems from planetary and stellar scales to supermassive black holes. in this approximation, the energy of each orbit is separately conserved, and therefore the two semimajor axes are constants. on timescales much larger than the orbita... | the eccentric kozai-lidov effect and its applications |
the recent nobel-prize-winning detections of gravitational waves from merging black holes and the subsequent detection of the collision of two neutron stars in coincidence with electromagnetic observations have inaugurated a new era of multimessenger astrophysics. to enhance the scope of this emergent field of science,... | deep learning for real-time gravitational wave detection and parameter estimation: results with advanced ligo data |
strong constraints on the coupling of new light particles to the standard model (sm) arise from their production in the hot cores of stars, and the effects of this on stellar cooling. for new light particles which have an effective in-medium mixing with the photon, plasma effects can result in parametrically different ... | stellar cooling bounds on new light particles: plasma mixing effects |
we present emission-line ratios from a sample of 27 lyman-break galaxies from z ∼ 5.5 − 9.5 with −17.0 < m1500 < −20.4, measured from ultra-deep jwst/nirspec multi-object spectroscopy from the jwst advanced deep extragalactic survey (jades). we used a combination of 28 h deep prism/clear and 7 h deep g395m/f290lp... | jades: probing interstellar medium conditions at z ∼ 5.5-9.5 with ultra-deep jwst/nirspec spectroscopy |
we search for excess γ-ray emission coincident with the positions of confirmed and candidate milky way satellite galaxies using six years of data from the fermi large area telescope (lat). our sample of 45 stellar systems includes 28 kinematically confirmed dark-matter-dominated dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dsphs) and 17... | searching for dark matter annihilation in recently discovered milky way satellites with fermi-lat |
we present an analysis of the ultraviolet luminosity function (uv lf) and star formation rate density of distant galaxies ($7.5 < z < 13.5$) in the `blank' fields of the prime extragalactic areas for reionization science (pearls) survey combined with early release science (ers) data from the ceers, glass and ngde... | epochs paper ii: the ultraviolet luminosity function from $7.5<z<13.5$ using 110 square arcminutes of deep, blank-field data from the pearls survey and public science programmes |
rings are the most frequently revealed substructure in atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma) dust observations of protoplanetary disks, but their origin is still hotly debated. in this paper, we identify dust substructures in 12 disks and measure their properties to investigate how they form. this subsamp... | gaps and rings in an alma survey of disks in the taurus star-forming region |
we present a robust measurement and analysis of the rest-frame ultraviolet (uv) luminosity functions at z = 4-8. we use deep hubble space telescope imaging over the cosmic assembly near-infrared deep extragalactic legacy survey/goods fields, the hubble ultra deep field, and the hubble frontier field deep parallel obser... | the evolution of the galaxy rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity function over the first two billion years |
we combine gravitational wave (gw) and electromagnetic (em) data to perform a bayesian parameter estimation of the binary neutron star (ns) merger gw170817. the em likelihood is constructed from a fit to a large number of numerical relativity simulations which we combine with a lower bound on the mass of the remnant's ... | multimessenger parameter estimation of gw170817 |
we present the fourth open gravitational-wave catalog (4-ogc) of binary neutron star (bns), binary black hole (bbh), and neutron star-black hole (nsbh) mergers. the catalog includes observations from 2015 to 2020 covering the first through third observing runs (o1, o2, o3a, and o3b) of advanced ligo and advanced virgo.... | 4-ogc: catalog of gravitational waves from compact binary mergers |
we introduce sparc (spitzer photometry and accurate rotation curves): a sample of 175 nearby galaxies with new surface photometry at 3.6 μm and high-quality rotation curves from previous h i/hα studies. sparc spans a broad range of morphologies (s0 to irr), luminosities (∼5 dex), and surface brightnesses (∼4 dex). we d... | sparc: mass models for 175 disk galaxies with spitzer photometry and accurate rotation curves |
we present new measurements of the parallax of seven long-period (≥10 days) milky way (mw) cepheid variables (ss cma, xy car, vy car, vx per, wz sgr, x pup, and s vul) using one-dimensional astrometric measurements from spatial scanning of wide-field camera 3 on the hubble space telescope (hst). the observations were o... | new parallaxes of galactic cepheids from spatially scanning the hubble space telescope: implications for the hubble constant |
we review recent progress in the construction of modified gravity models as alternatives to dark energy as well as the development of cosmological tests of gravity. einstein’s theory of general relativity (gr) has been tested accurately within the local universe i.e. the solar system, but this leaves the possibility op... | cosmological tests of modified gravity |
we present an analysis of the deepest herschel images in four major extragalactic fields goods-north, goods-south, uds, and cosmos obtained within the goods-herschel and candels-herschel key programs. the star formation picture provided by a total of 10 497 individual far-infrared detections is supplemented by the stac... | the herschel view of the dominant mode of galaxy growth from z = 4 to the present day |
substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. at lhc and top rhic energies, qcd matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. there is evidence that a quark-gluon-plasma (qgp) was created at ex... | challenges in qcd matter physics -the scientific programme of the compressed baryonic matter experiment at fair |
the dispersive sweep of fast radio bursts (frbs) has been used to probe the ionized baryon content of the intergalactic medium1, which is assumed to dominate the total extragalactic dispersion. although the host-galaxy contributions to the dispersion measure appear to be small for most frbs2, in at least one case there... | a repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source |
mass and radius are two of the most fundamental properties of an astronomical object. increasingly, new planet discoveries are being announced with a measurement of one of these quantities, but not both. this has led to a growing need to forecast the missing quantity using the other, especially when predicting the dete... | probabilistic forecasting of the masses and radii of other worlds |
since the release of the 2015 long range plan in nuclear physics, major events have occurred that reshaped our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (qcd) and nuclear matter at large densities, in and out of equilibrium. the us nuclear community has an opportunity to capitalize on advances in astrophysical observatio... | long range plan: dense matter theory for heavy-ion collisions and neutron stars |
work aimed at compiling detailed catalogs of variable stars in the galaxy, which has been carried out continuously by moscow variable-star researchers since 1946 on behalf of the international astronomical union, has entered the stage of the publication of the 5th, completely electronic edition of the general catalogue... | general catalogue of variable stars: version gcvs 5.1 |
the apache point observatory galactic evolution experiment (apogee) has built the largest moderately high-resolution (r ≈ 22,500) spectroscopic map of the stars across the milky way, and including dust-obscured areas. the apogee stellar parameter and chemical abundances pipeline (aspcap) is the software developed for t... | aspcap: the apogee stellar parameter and chemical abundances pipeline |
we have derived accurate distances to galactic globular clusters by combining data from the gaia early data release 3 (edr3) with distances based on hubble space telescope (hst) data and literature-based distances. we determine distances either directly from the gaia edr3 parallaxes, or kinematically by combining line-... | accurate distances to galactic globular clusters through a combination of gaia edr3, hst, and literature data |
we present the jwst cycle 1 53.8 h medium program fresco, short for 'first reionization epoch spectroscopically complete observations'. fresco covers 62 arcmin2 in each of the two goods/candels fields for a total area of 124 arcmin2 exploiting jwst's powerful new grism spectroscopic capabilities at near-infrared wavele... | the jwst fresco survey: legacy nircam/grism spectroscopy and imaging in the two goods fields |
numerical methods have become a powerful tool for research in astrophysics, but their utility depends critically on the availability of suitable simulation codes. this calls for continuous efforts in code development, which is necessitated also by the rapidly evolving technology underlying today's computing hardware. h... | simulating cosmic structure formation with the gadget-4 code |
the astrophysical origin of gravitational wave (gw) events discovered by ligo/virgo remains an outstanding puzzle. in active galactic nuclei (agns), compact-object binaries form, evolve, and interact with a dense star cluster and a gas disk. an important question is whether and how binaries merge in these environments.... | formation and evolution of compact-object binaries in agn disks |
we present the first high-resolution sub-millimeter survey of both dust and gas for a large population of protoplanetary disks. characterizing fundamental properties of protoplanetary disks on a statistical level is critical to understanding how disks evolve into the diverse exoplanet population. we use the atacama lar... | alma survey of lupus protoplanetary disks. i. dust and gas masses |
double neutron star (dns) systems represent extreme physical objects and the endpoint of an exotic journey of stellar evolution and binary interactions. large numbers of dns systems and their mergers are anticipated to be discovered using the square kilometre array searching for radio pulsars, and the high-frequency gr... | formation of double neutron star systems |
we discuss an interpretation that a peak in the sound velocity in neutron star matter, as suggested by the observational data, signifies strongly coupled conformal matter. the normalized trace anomaly is a dimensionless measure of conformality leading to the derivative and the nonderivative contributions to the sound v... | trace anomaly as signature of conformality in neutron stars |
the concept of stars being tidally ripped apart and consumed by a massive black hole (mbh) lurking in the center of a galaxy first captivated theorists in the late 1970s. the observational evidence for these rare but illuminating phenomena for probing otherwise dormant mbhs first emerged in archival searches of the sof... | tidal disruption events |
we present jwst nircam nine-band near-infrared imaging of the luminous z = 10.6 galaxy gn-z11 from the jwst advanced deep extragalactic survey of the goods-n field. we find a spectral energy distribution (sed) entirely consistent with the expected form of a high-redshift galaxy: a clear blue continuum from 1.5 to 4 μm ... | jades imaging of gn-z11: revealing the morphology and environment of a luminous galaxy 430 myr after the big bang |
nearly a century ago it was recognized that radiation absorption by stellar matter controls the internal temperature profiles within stars. laboratory opacity measurements, however, have never been performed at stellar interior conditions, introducing uncertainties in stellar models. a particular problem arose when ref... | a higher-than-predicted measurement of iron opacity at solar interior temperatures |
the gravitational wave event gw170817 was caused by the merger of two neutron stars (see the introduction by smith). in three papers, teams associated with the growth (global relay of observatories watching transients happen) project present their observations of the event at wavelengths from x-rays to radio waves. eva... | swift and nustar observations of gw170817: detection of a blue kilonova |
in the λcdm paradigm, the galactic stellar halo is predicted to harbor the accreted debris of smaller systems. to identify these systems, the h3 spectroscopic survey, combined with gaia, is gathering 6d phase-space and chemical information in the distant galaxy. here we present a comprehensive inventory of structure wi... | evidence from the h3 survey that the stellar halo is entirely comprised of substructure |
following the first two annual intensity mapping workshops at stanford in march 2016 and johns hopkins in june 2017, we report on the recent advances in theory, instrumentation and observation that were presented in these meetings and some of the opportunities and challenges that were identified looking forward. with p... | line-intensity mapping: 2017 status report |
we review the use of emission lines for understanding galaxy evolution, focusing on excitation source, metallicity, ionization parameter, ism pressure, and electron density. we discuss the physics, benefits, and caveats of emission line diagnostics, including the effects of theoretical model uncertainties, diffuse ioni... | understanding galaxy evolution through emission lines |
we present the dark energy camera (decam) discovery of the optical counterpart of the first binary neutron star merger detected through gravitational-wave emission, gw170817. our observations commenced 10.5 hr post-merger, as soon as the localization region became accessible from chile. we imaged 70 deg2 in the i and z... | the electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star merger ligo/virgo gw170817. i. discovery of the optical counterpart using the dark energy camera |
we investigate the extension of isotropic interior solutions for static self-gravitating systems to include the effects of anisotropic spherically symmetric gravitational sources by means of the gravitational decoupling realised via the minimal geometric deformation approach. in particular, the matching conditions at t... | anisotropic solutions by gravitational decoupling |
gravitational waves have been detected from a binary neutron star merger event, gw170817. the detection of electromagnetic radiation from the same source has shown that the merger occurred in the outskirts of the galaxy ngc 4993, at a distance of 40 megaparsecs from earth. we report the detection of a counterpart radio... | a radio counterpart to a neutron star merger |
the building of planetary systems is controlled by the gas and dust dynamics of protoplanetary disks. while the gas is simultaneously accreted onto the central star and dissipated away by winds, dust grains aggregate and collapse to form planetesimals and eventually planets. this dust and gas dynamics involves instabil... | hydro-, magnetohydro-, and dust-gas dynamics of protoplanetary disks |
in this article, i introduce ideas and techniques to extract information about the equation of state of matter at very high densities from gravitational waves emitted before, during and after the merger of binary neutron stars. i also review current work and results on the actual use of the first gravitational-wave obs... | gravitational waves from neutron star mergers and their relation to the nuclear equation of state |
fast radio bursts (frbs) are bright, millisecond-scale radio flashes of unknown physical origin1. young, highly magnetized, isolated neutron stars—magnetars—have been suggested as the most promising candidates for frb progenitors owing to their energetics and high x-ray flaring activity2,3. here we report the detection... | a peculiar hard x-ray counterpart of a galactic fast radio burst |
the radii and orbital periods of 4,000+ confirmed/candidate exoplanets have been precisely measured by the kepler mission. the radii show a bimodal distribution, with two peaks corresponding to smaller planets (likely rocky) and larger intermediate-size planets, respectively. while only the masses of the planets orbiti... | growth model interpretation of planet size distribution |
the prospects for the habitability of m-dwarf planets have long been debated, due to key differences between the unique stellar and planetary environments around these low-mass stars, as compared to hotter, more luminous sun-like stars. over the past decade, significant progress has been made by both space- and ground-... | the habitability of planets orbiting m-dwarf stars |
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