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in order to reveal the nature of dark matter, it is crucial to detect its non-gravitational interactions with the standard model particles. the traditional dark matter searches focused on the so-called weakly interacting massive particles. however, this paradigm is strongly constrained by the null results of current ex... | chapter 5 dark matter and new physics beyond the standard model with lhaaso |
in this review, we summarize the results of the analysis of the inherent relation between the higgs mechanism and spacetime symmetry provided by generic incorporation of the de sitter vacuum as a false vacuum with the equation of state p=‑ρ. this relation has been verified by the application for the interpretation of t... | the higgs mechanism and spacetime symmetry |
observations of the extragalactic radio background have uncovered a significant isotropic emission across multiple frequencies spanning from 22 mhz to 10 ghz. the intensity of this nonthermal emission component significantly exceeds the expected contribution from known astrophysical sources. interestingly, models have ... | anisotropy of the extragalactic radio background from dark matter annihilation |
from astronomical observations, we know that dark matter exists and makes up $\sim$25\% of our universe. recently the study of anomalous gamma-ray emission in the regions surrounding the galactic center has drawn a lot of attention. it has been pointed out that the excess of 1-3 gev gamma-ray in the low latitude is con... | galactic center gamma-ray excess and higgs-portal dark matter |
we consider higgsino-like dark matter (dm) in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (mssm) with additional right-handed neutrino chiral superfields, and propose a new non-thermal way of generating the right amount of relic dm via sneutrino late decays. due to the large dm annihilation cross-section, decays must occ... | higgsino-like dark matter from sneutrino late decays |
electroweak corrections can play a crucial role in dark matter annihilation. the emission of gauge bosons, in particular, leads to a secondary flux consisting of all standard model particles, and may be described by electroweak fragmentation functions. to assess the quality of the fragmentation function approximation t... | electroweak fragmentation functions for dark matter annihilation |
if dark matter decay or annihilate, a large amount of energy and particles would be released into the cosmic plasma. therefore, they could modify the thermal and ionization history of our universe, then leave footprints on the cosmic microwave background power spectra. in this paper, we take dark matter annihilation as... | does the reionization model influence the constraints on dark matter decay or annihilation? |
we investigate the possibility of satisfying the su(5) boundary condition yd= yetat the gut scale within the renormalizable r-parity conserving minimal supersymmetric standard model (mssm). working in the super-ckm basis, we consider non-zero flavour off-diagonal entries in the soft susy-breaking mass matrices and the ... | exact su(5) yukawa matrix unification in the general flavour violating mssm |
recent observations of the cosmic microwave background (cmb) anisotropies and the distribution of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the lyman alpha forest have constrained the shape of the power spectrum of matter fluctuations on large scales k < few h/mpc. we explore a new technique to constrain the matter power spect... | probing the small scale matter power spectrum through dark matter annihilation in the early universe |
we propose a novel and feasible method to detect dark matter (dm) electron interaction via pulsating white dwarfs (wds) in the central region of globular clusters. annihilation of the dm particles captured by those wds can provide additional energy source along the natural cooling evolution of wds and the cooling print... | constrain the dark matter electron cross section from pulsating white dwarfs |
we present comprehensive global fits of supersymmetric (susy) models from the global and modular beyond-the-standard-model inference tool (gambit) collaboration, based on arxiv:1705.07935 and arxiv:1705.07917. we investigate several variants of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, a fully constrained version (cms... | susy global fits |
the recent madala hypothesis, a conjecture that seeks to explain anomalies within large hadron collider (lhc) data (particularly in the transverse momentum of the higgs boson), is interesting for more than just a statistical hint at unknown and unpredicted physics. this is because the model itself contains additional n... | what can gamma-rays from space tell us about the madala hypothesis? |
the consideration of dark energy is intended to explain the unexpected but observed acceleration of the universe. baryon asymmetry in matter-antimatter initial annihilation is mostly accepted to explain the absence of observations of annihilation radiation that in turn leads to the most accepted hypothesis that we live... | hubble law and acceleration curve emerges in a repulsive matter-anti matter galaxies simulations |
we propose a minimal model for the cosmic coincidence problem $\omega_{\rm dm}/\omega_b \sim 5$ and neutrino mass in a type-ii seesaw scenario. we extend the standard model of particle physics with a $\rm su(2)$ singlet leptonic dirac fermion $\chi$, which represents the candidate of dark matter (dm), and two triplet s... | dark matter to baryon ratio from scalar triplets decay in type-ii seesaw |
a possible solution to the dark matter problem postulates that dark particles can interact with standard model particles only through a new force mediated by a “portal”. if the new force has a u(1) gauge structure, the “portal” is a massive photon-like vector particle, called dark photon or a‧. the padme experiment at ... | geant4-based full simulation of the padme experiment at the daφne btf |
coy dark matter is an effective scheme in which a fermionic dark matter candidate interacts with the standard model fermions via a pseudoscalar mediator. this simple setup avoids the strong constraints posed by direct detection experiments in a natural way and explains, on top of the observed dark matter relic abundanc... | gamma-ray line constraints on coy dark matter |
we describe and test a novel dark matter annihilation feedback (dmaf) scheme that has been implemented into the well-known cosmological simulation code gadget-2. in the models considered here, dark matter can undergo self-annihilation/decay into radiation and baryons. these products deposit energy into the surrounding ... | dark matter annihilation feedback in cosmological simulations - i: code convergence and idealized haloes |
(mini) split supersymmetry explains the observed higgs mass and evades stringent constraints, while keeping good features of tev-scale supersymmetry other than the little hierarchy problem. such scenarios naturally predict thermal wino dark matter whose mass is around 3 tev. its nonperturbatively enhanced annihilation ... | smallest halos in thermal wino dark matter |
we present a new self-consistent method for incorporating dark matter annihilation feedback (dmaf) in cosmological n-body simulations. the power generated by dmaf is evaluated at each dark matter (dm) particle which allows for flexible energy injection into the surrounding gas based on the specific dm annihilation mode... | a novel scheme for dark matter annihilation feedback in cosmological simulations |
with the latest planck results the dark matter relic density is determined to an unprecedented precision. in order to reduce current theoretical uncertainties in the dark matter relic density prediction, we have calculated next-to-leading order susy-qcd corrections to neutralino (co)annihilation processes including cou... | precise prediction of the dark matter relic density within the mssm |
current problems with the solar model may be alleviated if a significant amount of dark matter from the galactic halo is captured in the sun. we discuss the capture process in the case where the dark matter is a dirac fermion and the background halo consists of equal amounts of dark matter and anti-dark matter. by cons... | asymmetric capture of dirac dark matter by the sun |
we explore the physics and observational consequences of tidal compression events (tces) of dark-matter clumps (dmcs) by supermassive black holes (smbhs). our analytic calculations show that a dmc approaching a smbh much closer than the tidal radius undergoes significant compression along the axis perpendicular to the ... | flaring of tidally compressed dark-matter clumps |
it has been shown that the dynamics of dwarf irregular (dirr) galaxies are dominated by dark matter. it is also observed that these galaxies have low star formation rates and metallicities, and no gamma-ray emission at ultra very high energies is expected. because of their distance, dark matter content and vast number,... | constraints on cross section and lifetime of dark matter with hawc observations of dwarf irregular galaxies |
we propose a theory of chiral fermion dark matter (dm) with an isospin-3/2 fermion of a dark sector $su(2)_d$ gauge symmetry, which is arguably the simplest chiral theory. an isospin-3 scalar breaks $su(2)_d$ down to a discrete non-abelian group $t'$ and generates the dm mass. the $su(2)_d$ gauge symmetry protects the ... | simple theory of chiral fermion dark matter |
we present the model-agnostic dark halo analysis tool (madhat), a numerical tool which implements a fermi-lat data-driven, model-independent analysis of gamma-ray emission from dwarf satellite galaxies and dwarf galaxy candidates due to dark matter annihilation, dark matter decay, or other nonstandard or unknown astrop... | madhat: model-agnostic dark halo analysis tool |
the nature of dark matter (dm) and how it might interact with the particles of the standard model (sm) is one of greatest mysteries currently facing particle physics, and addressing these issues should provide some understanding of how the observed relic abundance was produced. one widely considered production mechanis... | dark matter freeze out with tsallis statistics in the early universe |
dark matter particles in the galactic halo can scatter off particles in celestial bodies such as stars or planets, lose energy and become gravitationally trapped. in this process, an accumulation of dark matter in the center of celestial bodies is expected, for example, at the center of the earth. if dark matter self-a... | search for dark matter annihilation in the center of the earth with 8 years of icecube data |
padme (positron annihilation into dark matter experiment) is a fixed target experiment located at the beam test facility (btf) at the laboratori nazionali di frascati (lnf) designed to search for a massive dark photon a^{\prime} $ in the process {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma a^{\prime} $ , using a positron beam of energy up... | the physics program of the padme experiment |
in this paper, we study the effect of reacceleration provided by turbulences on electrons produced by dark matter (dm) annihilation in the coma cluster. we use a simplified phenomenological model to describe the effect of the turbulences, and explore a limited subset of three possible dm models for neutralino particles... | effect of turbulent reacceleration on electrons produced by dark matter annihilation in the coma cluster |
in a dark left-right gauge model, the neutral component of right-handed lepton doublet is odd under generalized r-parity and thus the lightest one serves as the dark matter (dm) candidate. the coannihilation of the dark matter with the singly charged higgs triplet produces the correct relic abundance. we explain ams-02... | explaining ams-02 positron excess and muon anomalous magnetic moment in dark left-right gauge model |
we study the thermal transport occurring in the system of solar captured dark matter (dm) and explore its impact on the dm indirect search signal. we particularly focus on the scenario of self-interacting dm (sidm). the flows of energies in and out of the system are caused by solar captures via dm-nucleon and dm-dm sca... | thermal transport of the solar captured dark matter and its impact on the indirect dark matter search |
pangu (the pair-production gamma-ray unit) is a gamma-ray telescope with a wide field of view optimized for spectro-imaging, timing and polarization studies. it will map the gamma-ray sky from 10 mev to a few gev with unprecedented spatial resolution. this window on the universe is unique to detect photons produced dir... | pangu: a wide field gamma-ray imager and polarimeter |
we present a new multi-component dark matter model with a novel experimental signature that mimics neutral current interactions at neutrino detectors. in our model, the dark matter is composed of two particles, a heavier dominant component that annihilates to produce a boosted lighter component that we refer to as boos... | (in)direct detection of boosted dark matter |
we consider a model with two gauge singlet fermionic wimps communicating with the sm particles by a singlet scalar mediator via a higgs portal. while the light wimp is stable and plays the role of the dark matter (dm) candidate, the heavy partner is a short-lived wimp without contribution to the current dm relic densit... | split fermionic wimps evade direct detection |
under rather generic assumptions, we show that, in asymmetric dark matter (adm) scenarios in which the adm sector was in chemical equilibrium with the standard model sector in early epochs, the sign of the b -l asymmetry stored in the dark matter sector and the standard model sector are always the same. one particularl... | asymmetric dark matter in early universe chemical equilibrium always leads to an antineutrino signal |
dark matter that was once in thermal equilibrium with the standard model is generally prohibited from obtaining all of its mass from the electroweak phase transition. this implies a new scale of physics and mediator particles to facilitate dark matter annihilation. in this work, we focus on dark matter that annihilates... | perturbative unitarity constraints on gauge portals |
in this paper we unify theories of physics (tps) with real or infinite universal speed (ci), such as einstein relativity theory (ert) and newtonian physics (nps). generalized special relativity (sr) relates the frames of relativistic inertial observers (rios) where the spacetime has the metric gi=diag(gi00, gi11, gi11,... | unification of newtonian physics with einstein relativity theory by using generalized metrics of complex spacetime and application to the motions of planets and stars, eliminating dark matter |
a520 is a hot and luminous galaxy cluster, where gravitational lensing and x-ray measures reveal a different spatial distribution of baryonic and dark matter. this cluster hosts a radio halo, whose map shows a separation between the north-east and the south-west part of the cluster, similarly to what is observed in gra... | the role of dark matter annihilation in the radio emission of the galaxy cluster a520 |
currently, the experimental uncertainty for the determination of the ortho-positronium (o-ps) decay rate is at 150 ppm precision; this is two orders of magnitude lower than the theoretical one, at 1 ppm level. here we propose a new proof of concept experiment aiming for an accuracy of 100 ppm to be able to test the sec... | a new approach for the ortho-positronium lifetime determination in a vacuum cavity |
a search for dark matter (dm) induced neutrinos from the milky way has been performed based on data collected with the super-kamiokande detector in the years 1996-2014. dark matter density is expected to be largely enhanced in the area of the galactic center (gc) which may result in increased annihilation/deacy of reli... | indirect searches for dark matter particles with the super-kamiokande detector |
[shortened abstract:] this thesis explores the possibility that quantum probabilities arose thermodynamically. a chief concern is the detection of primordial `quantum nonequilibrium', since this is observably distinct from textbook quantum physics. chapters 2, 3, 4, and 5 are adaptations of references [1,2,3], and [4] ... | signatures of relic quantum nonequilibrium |
for many dark matter models, the annihilation cross section to two-body final states is difficult to probe with current experiments because the dominant annihilation channel is velocity or helicity suppressed. the inclusion of gauge boson radiation for three-body final states can lift the helicity suppression, allowing... | catching p via s wave with indirect detection |
we consider a complete list of simplified models in which majorana dark matter particles annihilate at tree level to h h or h z final states and calculate the loop-induced elastic scattering cross section with nuclei in each case. expressions for these annihilation and elastic scattering cross sections are provided and... | dark matter elastic scattering through higgs loops |
models endowed with higgs portals can probe into the hidden sectors of particle physics while providing stable dark matter candidates. previous tree-level computations in such scenarios have shown that experimental bounds constrain dark matter to a very narrow region in parameter space. aiming at improving the study of... | one-loop corrections for higgs-portal dark matter |
triangulum-ii, a newly discovered dwarf spheroidal galaxy, is a strong candidate for the indirect search of dark matter through the detection of γ-ray emission that could originate from the pair- annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles (wimps). we here report on the analysis of almost seven years fermi gam... | constraints on dark matter models from the observation of triangulum-ii with the fermi large area telescope |
recent years have seen extensive progress in our understanding of the rapid neutron capture ("r-") process, responsible for the production of the heaviest elements in the universe, especially with the discovery that neutron star mergers can produce these elements in kilonovae. however, several key questions about the d... | testing r-process nucleosynthesis models with two r-process enhanced stars |
the optical/infrared observation of the neutron-star merger associated with gravitational wave gw170817 provided significant constraints on a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, from the origin of r-process elements to the equation of state of neutron stars. in this talk, i will describe state-of-the-art methods for... | constraining neutron-star merger and kilonova properties using radiative transfer and numerical relativity simulations |
the darc (dirac atomic r-matrix code) may be employed as a non-perturbative approach to electron-impact excitation/ionisation/recombination and photoionisation. fundamentally, the atomic structure and subsequent collisional rates are an integral part of subsequent collisional-radiative models and radiative transport si... | a dirac-r-matrix approach in support of the interpretation of spectra from magnetically-confined plasmas and kilonovae. |
the dark energy camera on the blanco 4-m telescope is an ideal instrument for identifying rapid optical transients with its large field of view and four optical filters. we utilize two seasons of data from the dark energy survey to search for kilonovae, an optical counterpart to gravitational waves from binary neutron ... | search for kilonovae in dark energy survey supernova fields |
the astrophysical sites where r-process elements are synthesized remain mysterious: it is clear that neutron-star mergers (kilonovae, kne) contribute, and some classes of core-collapse supernovae (sne) are also likely sources of at least the lighter r-process species. the discovery of the live isotope fe60 on the earth... | r-process radioisotopes from near-earth supernovae and kilonovae |
the connection between binary neutron star mergers and short gamma-ray bursts (grbs) was solidified by the simultaneous detection of gw170817 and grb 170817a. these events were followed by bright kilonova emission arising from the radioactive decay of freshly synthesized r-process ejecta, which were expelled during the... | constraints on kilonova emission in two short grbs at z 0.5 |
at2017gfo is the first kilonova (kn) that could be extensively monitored in time both photometrically and spectroscopically. moreover, it is the first optical counterpart of a gravitational wave source and it is associated with the short gamma-ray burst grb 170817a. here i present our search for the fingerprints of at2... | kilonova emission observed so far: a comparison with at2017gfo |
the recent detection of the binary neutron star merger gw170817 by ligo and virgo was followed by a firework of electromagnetic counterparts across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. in particular, the ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared emission is consistent with a kilonova that provided strong evidence for the... | neutron star mergers, kilonovae, and the cosmic origin of the heavy elements |
grb 230307a is a recently discovered long-duration gamma-ray burst (grb) and represents one of the brightest such events detected in over 50 years of observation. based on ongoing multi-wavelength observations, there are two exciting possibilities for this event: it is the result of a massive star collapse at z>1 wh... | determining the true energetics of one of the brightest gamma-ray bursts |
we use relativistic hydrodynamic numerical calculations to study the interaction between a jet and a homologous outflow produced dynamically during binary neutron star mergers. we quantify how the thermal energy supplied by the jet to the ejecta and the ability of a jet to escape the homologous ejecta depend on the par... | jet dynamics in compact object mergers |
the unprecedented observations of the gravitational wave event, gw170817, and its optical counterpart, at2017gfo, suggest neutron star mergers as a production site of the heaviest elements. in order to create accurate estimates of these signals, we require nuclear models, astrophysical models of the site, as well as mo... | modeling kilonova light curves from neutron star mergers: dependence on astrophysical conditions and nuclear inputs |
observations of neutron star merger kilonovae such as the one associated with gw1708917 could be fit by a number of simulations that qualitatively agree, but can quantitatively differ (e.g. in total r-process mass) by an order of magnitude. here we categorize kilonova ejecta into several typical morphologies motivated ... | multidimensional radiative transfer models of kilonovae |
atmospheric water is a resource equivalent to ~10% of all fresh water in lakes on earth. however, an efficient process for capturing and delivering water from air, especially at low humidity levels (down to 20%), has not been developed. we report the design and demonstration of a device based on a porous metal-organic ... | water harvesting from air with metal-organic frameworks powered by natural sunlight |
radiative sky cooling cools an object on the earth by emitting thermal infrared radiation to the cold universe through the atmospheric window (8-13 μm). it consumes no electricity and has great potential to be explored for cooling of buildings, vehicles, solar cells, and even thermal power plants. radiative sky cooling... | radiative sky cooling: fundamental principles, materials, and applications |
rotation with thermally induced buoyancy governs many astrophysical and geophysical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, sun, and earth's liquid-metal outer core. rotating rayleigh-bénard convection (rrbc) is an experimental system that has features of rotation and buoyancy, where a container of height h and temperature... | turbulent rotating rayleigh-bénard convection |
aviation and shipping currently contribute approximately 8% of total anthropogenic co2 emissions, with growth in tourism and global trade projected to increase this contribution further1-3. carbon-neutral transportation is feasible with electric motors powered by rechargeable batteries, but is challenging, if not impos... | drop-in fuels from sunlight and air |
the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells remains a challenge. both the perovskite layer and the device architecture need to endure long-term operation. here we first use a self-constructed high-throughput screening platform to find perovskite compositions stable under heat and light. then, we use the most stab... | a bilayer conducting polymer structure for planar perovskite solar cells with over 1,400 hours operational stability at elevated temperatures |
the relationship between tibetan plateau (tp) snow cover and the east asian summer monsoon (easm) has long been discussed, but the underlying mechanism remains controversial. in this paper, the snow-albedo and snow-hydrology feedbacks over the tp are investigated based on multiple sources of snow data for the period 19... | impacts of tibetan plateau snow cover on the interannual variability of the east asian summer monsoon |
topography exerts significant influences on the incoming solar radiation at the land surface. a few stand-alone regional and global atmospheric models have included parameterizations for sub-grid topographic effects on solar radiation. however, nearly all earth system models (esms) that participated in the coupled mode... | a parameterization of sub-grid topographical effects on solar radiation in the e3sm land model (version 1.0): implementation and evaluation over the tibetan plateau |
spiro-ometad, one of the most widely used hole-transport materials (htms) in optoelectronic devices, typically requires chemical doping with a lithium compound (litfsi) to attain sufficient conductivity and efficient hole extraction. however, the doping step requires an activation process that comprises exposure of the... | perovskite solar cells based on spiro-ometad stabilized with an alkylthiol additive |
over yangtze river valley (yrv) where heat wave (hw) events most frequently occur in china during 1979-2014, 30 out of 57 hw events (nearly 55%) in july and august is found to be related with the dry phases of atmospheric quasi-biweekly oscillation (qbwo). when a significant low-level anticyclonic anomaly (laa) associa... | how are heat waves over yangtze river valley associated with atmospheric quasi-biweekly oscillation? |
investigating the contrast between wintertime warming in the arctic and cooling in eurasia is of great importance for understanding regional climate change. in this study, we propose a dynamic and thermodynamic coupling view of the linkages between wintertime arctic warming and eurasian cooling since 1979. the key fact... | a dynamic and thermodynamic coupling view of the linkages between eurasian cooling and arctic warming |
a novel interface design is proposed for carbon-based, all-inorganic cspbibr2 perovskite solar cells (pscs) by introducing interfacial voids between tio2 electron transport layer and cspbibr2 absorber. compared with the general interfacial engineering strategies, this design exempts any extra modification layer in fina... | interfacial voids trigger carbon-based, all-inorganic cspbibr2 perovskite solar cells with photovoltage exceeding 1.33 v |
recent trends in summer heat waves (hw) over central-eastern china and their atmospheric drivers are investigated using the era interim re-analysis. a composite analysis shows that these events are preceded by an increase in 500 hpa geopotential height. consequently, a subsidence anomaly develops over the region and su... | summer heat waves over eastern china: dynamical processes and trend attribution |
the improvements and validation of several parameterization schemes in the second version of the beijing climate center atmosphere-vegetation interaction model (bcc_avim2.0) are introduced in this study. the main updates include a replacement of the water-only lake module by the common land model lake module (colm-lake... | development of land surface model bcc_avim2.0 and its preliminary performance in ls3mip/cmip6 |
using negative emissions technologies for the net removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere could provide a pathway to limit global temperature rises. direct air capture of carbon dioxide offers the prospect of permanently lowering the atmospheric co2 concentration, providing that economical and energy-efficient ... | direct air capture of co2 via aqueous-phase absorption and crystalline-phase release using concentrated solar power |
biomass burning can significantly impact the chemical and optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols. here, the biomass burning impacts were studied during wintertime in a megacity of nanjing, eastern china. the high abundance of biomass burning tracers such as levoglucosan (lev), mannosan (man), galactosan (gal) and ... | chemical and optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols in nanjing, eastern china: regionally transported biomass burning contribution |
black carbon (bc) is one of the most important climate pollutants due to its strong positive radiative forcing on the climate system. however, long-term observation of bc is inadequate, and its trend remains unknown at both regional and global scales. in this study, using quality-controlled ground-based black carbon ob... | the climatology and trend of black carbon in china from 12-year ground observations |
while photovoltaic (pv) renewable energy production has surged, concerns remain about whether or not pv power plants induce a “heat island” (pvhi) effect, much like the increase in ambient temperatures relative to wildlands generates an urban heat island effect in cities. transitions to pv plants alter the way that inc... | the photovoltaic heat island effect: larger solar power plants increase local temperatures |
rainfall at the greenland ice sheet summit 14 august 2021, was delivered by an atmospheric river (ar). extreme surface ablation expanded the all-greenland bare ice area to near-record-high with snowline climbing up to 788 ± 90 m. ice sheet wet snow extent reached 46%, a record high for the 15-31 august amsr data since ... | greenland ice sheet rainfall, heat and albedo feedback impacts from the mid-august 2021 atmospheric river |
meridional heat transport (mht) is analyzed in ensembles of coupled climate models simulating climate states ranging from the last glacial maximum (lgm) to quadrupled co2. mht is partitioned here into atmospheric (aht) and implied oceanic (oht) heat transports. in turn, aht is partitioned into dry and moist energy tran... | the partitioning of meridional heat transport from the last glacial maximum to co2 quadrupling in coupled climate models |
sub-grid topographic heterogeneity has large impacts on surface energy balance and land-atmosphere interactions. however, the impacts of representing sub-grid topographic effects in land surface models (lsms) on surface energy balance and boundary conditions remain unclear. this study analyzed and evaluated the impacts... | impacts of sub-grid topographic representations on surface energy balance and boundary conditions in the e3sm land model: a case study in sierra nevada |
in this study, interannual and interdecadal variations in the extreme high-temperature event (ehe) frequency over northern asia (na) and the associated possible mechanisms are explored. on an interannual time scale, the first two empirical orthogonal function modes of the na ehe frequency exhibit a meridional dipole pa... | variations in summer extreme high-temperature events over northern asia and the possible mechanisms |
in this paper, we present the results of the ionospheric vtec and atmospheric parameters such as surface latent heat flux (slhf), air temperature at 2 m from the surface (at2m) and outgoing long-wave radiation (olr) during new zealand earthquake of m 7.8 on 13th nov 2016 with a focal depth of 15.7 km. gps data from 16 ... | spatial and temporal behaviour of ionospheric vtec and atmospheric parameters before new zealand earthquake on 13th november 2016 (m 7.8) |
black carbon (bc) particles in the arctic contribute to rapid warming of the arctic by heating the atmosphere and snow and ice surfaces. understanding the source contributions to arctic bc is therefore important, but they are not well understood, especially those for atmospheric and snow radiative effects. here we esti... | contrasting source contributions of arctic black carbon to atmospheric concentrations, deposition flux, and atmospheric and snow radiative effects |
summer heatwave events have exhibited increasing trends, with sudden increases occurring since the early 2000s over northeastern china and along the northern boundary of mongolia. however, the mechanism behind heatwaves remains unexplored. to quantitatively examine the feedback attribution of concurrent events related ... | feedback attribution to dry heatwaves over east asia |
in the fall of 2013, the vaisala rs41 (fourth generation) radiosonde was introduced as a replacement for the rs92-sgp radiosonde with improvements in measurement accuracy of profiles of atmospheric temperature, humidity, and pressure. in order to help characterize these improvements, an intercomparison campaign was und... | comparison of vaisala radiosondes rs41 and rs92 at the arm southern great plains site |
based on the daily maximum temperature data from chinese metrological stations, the frequency of extreme hot event (ehe) in northeast china (nec) over the period from 1960 to 2018 is investigated. the results show that the ehe frequency in summer (june and july) experienced a significant interdecadal increase around th... | interdecadal variation in the frequency of extreme hot events in northeast china and the possible mechanism |
the seasonal evolution of sea ice mass balance between the central arctic and fram strait, as well as the underlying driving forces, remain largely unknown because of a lack of observations. in this study, two and three buoys were deployed in the central arctic during the summers of 2010 and 2012, respectively. it was ... | seasonal and interannual variations of sea ice mass balance from the central arctic to the greenland sea |
compound extremes of soil moisture (sm) drought and high vapor pressure deficit (atmospheric aridity) are disastrous for natural and social systems. despite a significant expansion in irrigated area in india, the role of irrigation on sm and atmospheric aridity is not examined. we used observations, reanalysis datasets... | substantial decline in atmospheric aridity due to irrigation in india |
direct observations during intense warm-air advection over the east siberian sea reveal a period of rapid sea-ice melt. a semistationary, high-pressure system north of the bering strait forced northward advection of warm, moist air from the continent. air-mass transformation over melting sea ice formed a strong, surfac... | warm-air advection, air mass transformation and fog causes rapid ice melt |
for the past 8 years, greece has been experiencing a major financial crisis which, among other side effects, has led to a shift in the fuel used for residential heating from fossil fuel towards biofuels, primarily wood. this study simulates the fate of the residential wood burning aerosol plume (rwb smog) and the impli... | changes in domestic heating fuel use in greece: effects on atmospheric chemistry and radiation |
the interactions between crops and the atmosphere significantly impact surface energy and hydrology budgets, climate, crop yield, and agricultural management. in this study, a multipass land data assimilation scheme (mldas) is proposed based on the noah-mp-crop model. the ensemble kalman filter (enkf) method is used to... | improve the performance of the noah-mp-crop model by jointly assimilating soil moisture and vegetation phenology data |
studies in mountainous terrain related to ecology and hydrology often use interpolated climate products because of a lack of local observations. one data set frequently used to develop plot-to-watershed-scale climatologies is prism (parameter-elevation regression on independent slopes model) temperature. benefits of th... | testing the daily prism air temperature model on semiarid mountain slopes |
the version of the norwegian climate prediction model (norcpm) that only assimilates sea surface temperature (sst) with the ensemble kalman filter has been used to investigate the seasonal to decadal prediction skill of regional arctic sea ice extent (sie). based on a suite of norcpm retrospective forecasts, we show th... | seasonal to decadal predictions of regional arctic sea ice by assimilating sea surface temperature in the norwegian climate prediction model |
during the west african summer monsoon season, extended nocturnal stratiform low-level clouds (llcs) frequently form in the atmospheric boundary layer over southern west africa and persist long into the following day affecting the regional climate. a unique data set was gathered within the framework of the dynamics-aer... | nocturnal low-level clouds in the atmospheric boundary layer over southern west africa: an observation-based analysis of conditions and processes |
regardless of the harmful effects of burning fossil fuels on global climate, other energy sources will become more important in the future because fossil fuels could run out by the early twenty-second century given the present rate of consumption. this implies that sooner or later humanity will rely heavily on renewabl... | impact of solar panels on global climate |
land surface temperature (lst) affects exchange of energy between earth surface and atmosphere which is important for studying environmental changes. however, research on the relationship between lst, land use land cover (lulc), and normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi) with topographic elements in the lower hi... | analysis of the relationship among land surface temperature (lst), land use land cover (lulc), and normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi) with topographic elements in the lower himalayan region |
the mars atmosphere and volatile evolution (maven) mission, during the second of its deep dip campaigns, made comprehensive measurements of martian thermosphere and ionosphere composition, structure, and variability at altitudes down to ~130 kilometers in the subsolar region. this altitude range contains the diffusivel... | early maven deep dip campaign reveals thermosphere and ionosphere variability |
ground-based observations of the spectral aerosol optical depths (aods) revealed that the northwest of south africa (sa) possessed large aerosol loading and still remained unexplored as none of the authors have been extensively studied. the characteristics of aerosol optical, physical, and radiative properties, as well... | temporal characteristics of columnar aerosol optical properties and radiative forcing (2011-2015) measured at aeronet's pretoria_csir_dpss site in south africa |
the frequency and duration of marine heatwaves have been increasing with ocean warming due to climate change. in particular, the northeast pacific has experienced intense and extensive marine heatwaves since the late 1990s - characteristically called "the blob". here, an investigation of satellite-derived and reanalysi... | arctic warming contributes to increase in northeast pacific marine heatwave days over the past decades |
the important roles of the tibetan plateau (tp) atmospheric boundary layer (abl) in climate, weather, and air quality have long been recognized, but little is known about the tp abl climatological features and their west-east discrepancies due to the scarce data in the western tp. based on observational datasets of int... | characteristics of the summer atmospheric boundary layer height over the tibetan plateau and influential factors |
the enhancement of the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer has been proposed as a method of geoengineering to abate global warming. previous modelling studies found that stratospheric aerosol geoengineering (sag) could effectively compensate for the warming by greenhouse gases on the global scale, but also that the ach... | sensitivity of the radiative forcing by stratospheric sulfur geoengineering to the amount and strategy of the so2injection studied with the lmdz-s3a model |
four years (2010-2014) of spectral aerosol optical depth (aod) data from 4 indian space research organisation's arfinet (aerosol radiative forcing over india) stations (shillong, agartala, imphal and dibrugarh) in the north-eastern region (ner) of india (lying between 22-30°n and 89-98°e) are synthesized to evolve a re... | aerosol characteristics in north-east india using arfinet spectral optical depth measurements |
under the background of global warming, the eurasian warming features evident spatial heterogeneity, and northeast asia (nea) is one of the regions with the most significant summer warming. based on reanalysis data and the cesm1.2.2 model, we investigated the possible impacts of spring eurasian snowmelt on recent nea s... | influence of the eurasian spring snowmelt on summer land surface warming over northeast asia and its associated mechanism |
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