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context: the extreme luminosity of gamma-ray bursts (grbs) makes them powerful beacons for studies of the distant universe. the most luminous bursts are typically detected at moderate/high redshift, where the volume for seeing such rare events is maximized and the star-formation activity is greater than at z = 0. for d... | the brightest grb ever detected: grb 221009a as a highly luminous event at z = 0.151 |
fast radio bursts (frbs) are millisecond radio pulses originating from powerful enigmatic sources at extragalactic distances. neutron stars with large magnetic fields (magnetars) have been considered as the sources powering the frbs, but the connection requires further substantiation. here we report the detection by th... | an x-ray burst from a magnetar enlightening the mechanism of fast radio bursts |
the understanding of stellar structure represents the crossroads of our theories of the nuclear force and the gravitational interaction under the most extreme conditions observably accessible. it provides a powerful probe of the strong field regime of general relativity, and opens fruitful avenues for the exploration o... | stellar structure models in modified theories of gravity: lessons and challenges |
gravitational waves from binary coalescences provide one of the cleanest signatures of the nature of compact objects. it has been recently argued that the postmerger ringdown waveform of exotic ultracompact objects is initially identical to that of a black hole, and that putative corrections at the horizon scale will a... | gravitational-wave signatures of exotic compact objects and of quantum corrections at the horizon scale |
we perform a study of stellar flares for the 24,809 stars observed with 2 minute cadence during the first two months of the tess mission. flares may erode exoplanets' atmospheres and impact their habitability, but might also trigger the genesis of life around small stars. tess provides a new sample of bright dwarf star... | stellar flares from the first tess data release: exploring a new sample of m dwarfs |
we constrain the abundance of primordial black holes (pbh) using 2622 microlensing events obtained from 5-years observations of stars in the galactic bulge by the optical gravitational lensing experiment (ogle). the majority of microlensing events display a single or at least continuous population that has a peak aroun... | constraints on earth-mass primordial black holes from ogle 5-year microlensing events |
we present the first comprehensive study of r-process element nucleosynthesis in the ejecta of compact binary mergers (cbms) and their relic black hole (bh)-torus systems. the evolution of the bh-accretion tori is simulated for seconds with a newtonian hydrodynamics code including viscosity effects, pseudo-newtonian gr... | comprehensive nucleosynthesis analysis for ejecta of compact binary mergers |
the mergers of double neutron star (ns-ns) and black hole (bh)-ns binaries are promising gravitational wave (gw) sources for advanced ligo and future gw detectors. the neutron-rich ejecta from such merger events undergoes rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis, enriching our galaxy with rare heavy elements l... | kilonovae |
at least 30% of main sequence stars host planets with sizes of between 1 and 4 earth radii and orbital periods of less than 100 days. we use n-body simulations including a model for gas-assisted pebble accretion and disk-planet tidal interaction to study the formation of super-earth systems. we show that the integrated... | formation of planetary systems by pebble accretion and migration. hot super-earth systems from breaking compact resonant chains |
the protagonists of the last great phase transition of the universe - cosmic reionization - remain elusive. faint star-forming galaxies are leading candidates because they are found to be numerous and may have significant ionizing photon escape fractions (fesc). here we update this picture via an empirical model that s... | rapid reionization by the oligarchs: the case for massive, uv-bright, star-forming galaxies with high escape fractions |
neutrino masses and mixings produce vacuum oscillations, an established quantum mechanical phenomenon. in matter, the mikheev-smirnov-wolfenstein effect, due to neutrino interactions with the background particles, triggers resonant flavor modification. in dense environments, such as core-collapse supernovae or compact ... | neutrinos from dense environments : flavor mechanisms, theoretical approaches, observations, and new directions |
agama is a publicly available software library for a broad range of applications in the field of stellar dynamics. it provides methods for computing the gravitational potential of arbitrary analytic density profiles or n-body models, orbit integration and analysis, transformations between position/velocity and action/a... | agama: action-based galaxy modelling architecture |
jwst is revolutionizing our understanding of the high-z universe by expanding the black hole horizon, looking farther and to smaller masses, and revealing the stellar light of their hosts. by examining jwst galaxies at z = 4-7 that host hα-detected black holes, we investigate (i) the high-z m •-m ⋆ relation and (ii) th... | jwst ceers and jades active galaxies at z = 4-7 violate the local m •-m ⋆ relation at >3σ: implications for low-mass black holes and seeding models |
we measure the circular velocity curve v c(r) of the milky way with the highest precision to date across galactocentric distances of 5 ≤ r ≤ 25 kpc. our analysis draws on the six-dimensional phase-space coordinates of ≳23,000 luminous red giant stars, for which we previously determined precise parallaxes using a data-d... | the circular velocity curve of the milky way from 5 to 25 kpc |
the cold dark matter (cdm) cosmological model has been remarkably successful in explaining cosmic structure over an enormous span of redshift, but it has faced persistent challenges from observations that probe the innermost regions of dark matter halos and the properties of the milky way's dwarf galaxy satellites. we ... | cold dark matter: controversies on small scales |
ultracompact objects with light rings (lrs) but without an event horizon could mimic black holes (bhs) in their strong gravity phenomenology. but are such objects dynamically viable? stationary and axisymmetric ultracompact objects that can form from smooth, quasi-minkowski initial data must have at least one stable lr... | exotic compact objects and the fate of the light-ring instability |
we present new measurements of rest-uv luminosity functions and angular correlation functions from 4,100,221 galaxies at z ~ 2-7 identified in the subaru/hyper suprime-cam survey and cfht large area u-band survey. the obtained luminosity functions at z ~ 4-7 cover a very wide uv luminosity range of ~ $0.002\mbox{--}200... | goldrush. iv. luminosity functions and clustering revealed with4,000,000 galaxies at z 2-7: galaxy-agn transition, star formation efficiency, and implication for evolution at z > 10 |
we report the discovery of eight new ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidates in the second year of optical imaging data from the dark energy survey (des). six of these candidates are detected at high confidence, while two lower-confidence candidates are identified in regions of non-uniform survey coverage. the new stellar ... | eight ultra-faint galaxy candidates discovered in year two of the dark energy survey |
the symmetry energy and its density dependence are crucial inputs for many nuclear physics and astrophysics applications, as they determine properties ranging from the neutron-skin thickness of nuclei to the crust thickness and the radius of neutron stars. recently, prex-ii reported a value of 0.283 ±0.071 fm for the n... | astrophysical constraints on the symmetry energy and the neutron skin of 208pb with minimal modeling assumptions |
we present a possible observing scenario for the advanced ligo and advanced virgo gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. we determine the expected sensitivity... | prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with advanced ligo and advanced virgo |
the discovery that at least some fast radio bursts (frbs) repeat has ruled out cataclysmic events as the progenitors of these particular bursts. frb 121102 is the most well-studied repeating frb but despite extensive monitoring of the source, no underlying pattern in the repetition has previously been identified. here,... | possible periodic activity in the repeating frb 121102 |
we present emission-line measurements and physical interpretations for a sample of 117 [o iii] emitting galaxies at z = 5.33-6.93, using the first deep jwst/nircam wide-field slitless spectroscopic observations. our 9.7 hr integration is centered upon the z = 6.3 quasar j0100+2802-the first of six fields targeted by th... | eiger. ii. first spectroscopic characterization of the young stars and ionized gas associated with strong hβ and [o iii] line emission in galaxies at z = 5-7 with jwst |
the all-sky automated survey for supernovae (asas-sn) is the first optical survey to routinely monitor the whole sky with a cadence of ∼2-3 d down to v ≲ 17 mag. asas-sn has monitored the whole sky since 2014, collecting ∼100-500 epochs of observations per field. the v-band light curves for candidate variables identifi... | the asas-sn catalogue of variable stars i: the serendipitous survey |
the formation and evolution of binary stars are critical components of several fields in astronomy. the most numerous sources for gravitational wave observatories are inspiraling or merging compact binaries, while binary stars are present in nearly every electromagnetic survey regardless of the target population. simul... | cosmic variance in binary population synthesis |
we report the discovery of rising x-ray emission from the binary neutron star merger event gw170817. this is the first detection of x-ray emission from a gravitational-wave (gw) source. observations acquired with the chandra x-ray observatory (cxo) at t≈ 2.3 days post-merger reveal no significant emission, with {l}x≲ 3... | the electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star merger ligo/virgo gw170817. v. rising x-ray emission from an off-axis jet |
during the second observing run of the laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (ligo) and virgo interferometer, a gravitational-wave signal consistent with a binary neutron star coalescence was detected on 2017 august 17th (gw170817), quickly followed by a coincident short gamma-ray burst trigger detected b... | the discovery of the electromagnetic counterpart of gw170817: kilonova at 2017gfo/dlt17ck |
we propose a space-based interferometer surveying the gravitational wave (gw) sky in the milli-hz to μ-hz frequency range. by the 2040s, the μ-hz frequency band, bracketed in between the laser interferometer space antenna (lisa) and pulsar timing arrays, will constitute the largest gap in the coverage of the astrophysi... | unveiling the gravitational universe at μ-hz frequencies |
we explore scenarios for reionizing the intergalactic medium with low galaxy ionizing photon escape fractions. we combine simulation-based halo mass-dependent escape fractions with an extrapolation of the observed galaxy rest-ultraviolet luminosity functions to solve for the reionization history from z = 20\to 4. we ex... | conditions for reionizing the universe with a low galaxy ionizing photon escape fraction |
we present an analysis of all prime hst legacy fields spanning >800 arcmin2 in the search for z ∼ 10 galaxy candidates and the study of their uv luminosity function (lf). in particular, we present new z ∼ 10 candidates selected from the full hubble frontier field (hff) data set. despite the addition of these new fie... | the dearth of z ∼ 10 galaxies in all hst legacy fields—the rapid evolution of the galaxy population in the first 500 myr |
the binary neutron star (bns) merger gw170817 was the first astrophysical source detected in gravitational waves and multiwavelength electromagnetic radiation. the almost simultaneous observation of a pulse of gamma rays proved that bns mergers are associated with at least some short gamma-ray bursts (grbs). however, t... | late time afterglow observations reveal a collimated relativistic jet in the ejecta of the binary neutron star merger gw170817 |
we explore a newly proposed channel to create binary black holes of stellar origin. this scenario applies to massive, tight binaries where mixing induced by rotation and tides transports the products of hydrogen burning throughout the stellar envelopes. this slowly enriches the entire star with helium, preventing the b... | merging binary black holes formed through chemically homogeneous evolution in short-period stellar binaries |
measurements of neutron star masses, radii, and tidal deformability have direct connections to nuclear physics via the equation of state (eos), which for the cold, catalyzed matter in neutron star cores is commonly represented as the pressure as a function of energy density. microscopic models with exotic degrees of fr... | nontrivial features in the speed of sound inside neutron stars |
we report {\em jwst}/nircam measurements of quasar host galaxy emissions and supermassive black hole (smbh) masses for six quasars at $5.9<z<7.1$ in the \textit{emission-line galaxies and intergalactic gas in the epoch of reionization} (eiger) project. we obtain deep nircam imaging in the f115w, f200w, and f356w ... | eiger v. characterizing the host galaxies of luminous quasars at $z\\gtrsim6$ |
jwst observations confirm the existence of galaxies as early as 300myr and at a higher number density than expected based on galaxy formation models and hst observations. yet, sources confirmed spectroscopically in the first 500myr have estimated stellar masses $<5\times10^8m_\odot$, limiting the signal to noise rat... | a massive interacting galaxy 525 million years after the big bang |
neutron-star cores contain matter at the highest densities in our universe. this highly compressed matter may undergo a phase transition where nuclear matter melts into deconfined quark matter, liberating its constituent quarks and gluons. quark matter exhibits an approximate conformal symmetry, predicting a specific f... | strongly interacting matter exhibits deconfined behavior in massive neutron stars |
recent observations identify a valley in the radius distribution of small exoplanets, with planets in the range 1.5-2.0 r⊕ significantly less common than somewhat smaller or larger planets. this valley may suggest a bimodal population of rocky planets that are either engulfed by massive gas envelopes that significantly... | core-powered mass-loss and the radius distribution of small exoplanets |
we present the second open gravitational-wave catalog (2-ogc) of compact-binary coalescences, obtained from the complete set of public data from advanced ligo's first and second observing runs. for the first time we also search public data from the virgo observatory. the sensitivity of our search benefits from updated ... | 2-ogc: open gravitational-wave catalog of binary mergers from analysis of public advanced ligo and virgo data |
gw170817 was the first gravitational-wave detection of a binary neutron-star merger. it was accompanied by radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum and localized to the galaxy ngc 4993 at a distance of 40 megaparsecs. it has been proposed that the observed γ-ray, x-ray and radio emission is due to an ultra-relativ... | a mildly relativistic wide-angle outflow in the neutron-star merger event gw170817 |
we present the first constraints on the prevalence of z > 10 galaxies in the hubble ultra deep field (hudf) leveraging new nircam observations from jems (jwst extragalactic medium-band survey). these nircam observations probe redward of 1.6 μm, beyond the wavelength limit of hst, allowing us to search for galaxies t... | evolution of the uv lf from z 15 to z 8 using new jwst nircam medium-band observations over the hudf/xdf |
we review recent developments and results in testing general relativity (gr) at cosmological scales. the subject has witnessed rapid growth during the last two decades with the aim of addressing the question of cosmic acceleration and the dark energy associated with it. however, with the advent of precision cosmology, ... | testing general relativity in cosmology |
the two recent gravitational-wave events gw190425 and gw190814 from the third observing run of ligo/virgo have both a companion which is unexpected if originated from a neutron star or a stellar black hole, with masses $[1.6-2.5]~m_\odot$ and $[2.5-2.7]~m_\odot$ and merging rates $ 460^{+1050}_{-360} $ and $ 7^{+16}_{-... | gw190425, gw190521 and gw190814: three candidate mergers of primordial black holes from the qcd epoch |
we establish that massive complex abelian vector fields (mass μ) can form gravitating solitons, when minimally coupled to einstein's gravity. such proca stars (pss) have a stationary, everywhere regular and asymptotically flat geometry. the proca field, however, possesses a harmonic time dependence (frequency w), reali... | proca stars: gravitating bose-einstein condensates of massive spin 1 particles |
we present the next generation deep extragalactic exploratory public (ngdeep) survey, a deep slitless spectroscopic and imaging cycle 1 jwst treasury survey designed to constrain feedback mechanisms in low-mass galaxies across cosmic time. ngdeep targets the hubble ultra deep field (hudf) with niriss slitless spectrosc... | the next generation deep extragalactic exploratory public (ngdeep) survey |
the recently established formalism of a worldline quantum field theory, which describes the classical scattering of massive bodies (black holes, neutron stars, or stars) in einstein gravity, is generalized up to quadratic order in spin, revealing an alternative n =2 supersymmetric description of the symmetries inherent... | gravitational bremsstrahlung and hidden supersymmetry of spinning bodies |
context. the multiplicity fraction of stars, down to the substellar regime, is a parameter of fundamental importance for stellar formation, evolution, and planetology. the census of multiple stars in the solar neighborhood is however incomplete.aims: our study is aimed at detecting companions of hipparcos catalog stars... | stellar and substellar companions from gaia edr3. proper-motion anomaly and resolved common proper-motion pairs |
we present the open supernova catalog, an online collection of observations and metadata for presently 36,000+ supernovae and related candidates. the catalog is freely available on the web (https://sne.space), with its main interface having been designed to be a user-friendly, rapidly searchable table accessible on des... | an open catalog for supernova data |
matter in neutron star collisions reaches densities up to few times the nuclear saturation threshold, ρ0 and temperatures up to one hundred mev. understanding the structure and composition of such matter requires many-body non-perturbative calculations that are currently highly uncertain. unique constraints on the neut... | thermodynamics conditions of matter in neutron star mergers |
we report the identification of 15 galaxy candidates at $z\ge9$ using the initial cosmos-web jwst observations over 77 arcmin$^2$ through four nircam filters (f115w, f150w, f277w, f444w) with an overlap with miri (f770w) of 8.7 arcmin$^2$. we fit the sample using several publicly-available sed fitting and photometric r... | unveiling the distant universe: characterizing $z\\ge9$ galaxies in the first epoch of cosmos-web |
we present a three-dimensional map of interstellar dust reddening, covering three-quarters of the sky out to a distance of several kiloparsecs, based on pan-starrs 1 (ps1) and 2mass photometry. the map reveals a wealth of detailed structure, from filaments to large cloud complexes. the map has a hybrid angular resoluti... | a three-dimensional map of milky way dust |
deep observations with the james webb space telescope (jwst) have revealed an emerging population of red pointlike sources that could provide a link between the postulated supermassive black hole seeds and observed quasars. in this work, we present a jwst/nirspec spectrum from the jwst cycle 1 uncover treasury survey o... | uncover: a nirspec identification of a broad-line agn at z = 8.50 |
we present a high-precision radial velocity (rv) survey of 719 fgkm stars, which host 164 known exoplanets and 14 newly discovered or revised exoplanets and substellar companions. this catalog updated the orbital parameters of known exoplanets and long-period candidates, some of which have decades-longer observational ... | the california legacy survey. i. a catalog of 178 planets from precision radial velocity monitoring of 719 nearby stars over three decades |
we derive a bayesian framework for incorporating selection effects into population analyses. we allow for both measurement uncertainty in individual measurements and, crucially, for selection biases on the population of measurements, and show how to extract the parameters of the underlying distribution based on a set o... | extracting distribution parameters from multiple uncertain observations with selection biases |
alma cycle 2 observations of long-wavelength dust emission in 145 star-forming galaxies are used to probe the evolution of the star-forming interstellar medium (ism). we also develop a physical basis and empirical calibration (with 72 low-z and z ∼ 2 galaxies) for using the dust continuum as a quantitative probe of ism... | ism masses and the star formation law at z = 1 to 6: alma observations of dust continuum in 145 galaxies in the cosmos survey field |
the hubble constant (h0) measures the current expansion rate of the universe, and plays a fundamental role in cosmology. tremendous effort has been dedicated over the past decades to measure h0 (refs. 1-10). gravitational wave (gw) sources accompanied by electromagnetic (em) counterparts offer an independent standard s... | a hubble constant measurement from superluminal motion of the jet in gw170817 |
ultraluminous x-ray sources (ulxs) in nearby galaxies shine brighter than any x-ray source in our galaxy. ulxs are usually modeled as stellar-mass black holes (bhs) accreting at very high rates or intermediate-mass bhs. we present observations showing that ngc 5907 ulx is instead an x-ray accreting neutron star (ns) wi... | an accreting pulsar with extreme properties drives an ultraluminous x-ray source in ngc 5907 |
the new capabilities that jwst offers in the near- and mid-infrared (ir) are used to investigate in unprecedented detail the nature of optical/near-ir-faint, mid-ir-bright sources, with hst-dark galaxies among them. we gather jwst data from the ceers survey in the extended groth strip, jointly with hst data, and analyz... | ceers key paper. iv. a triality in the nature of hst-dark galaxies |
observational advances over the last decade have enabled high-resolution, interferometric studies of forming multiple systems, statistical surveys of multiplicity in star-forming regions, and new insights into disk evolution and planetary architectures in these systems. in this review, we compile the results of observa... | the origin and evolution of multiple star systems |
we explore the evolution of stellar mass black hole binaries (bhbs) which are formed in the self-gravitating discs of active galactic nuclei (agn). hardening due to three-body scattering and gaseous drag are effective mechanisms that reduce the semimajor axis of a bhb to radii where gravitational waves take over, on ti... | assisted inspirals of stellar mass black holes embedded in agn discs: solving the `final au problem' |
directly detecting thermal emission from young extrasolar planets allows measurement of their atmospheric compositions and luminosities, which are influenced by their formation mechanisms. using the gemini planet imager, we discovered a planet orbiting the ~20-million-year-old star 51 eridani at a projected separation ... | discovery and spectroscopy of the young jovian planet 51 eri b with the gemini planet imager |
we revisit the constraint on the maximum mass of cold spherical neutron stars coming from the observational results of gw170817. we develop a new framework for the analysis by employing both energy and angular momentum conservation laws as well as solid results of latest numerical-relativity simulations and of neutron ... | constraint on the maximum mass of neutron stars using gw170817 event |
we present the localization and host galaxies of one repeating and two apparently nonrepeating fast radio bursts (frbs). frb 20180301a was detected and localized with the karl g. jansky very large array to a star-forming galaxy at z = 0.3304. frb20191228a and frb20200906a were detected and localized by the australian s... | characterizing the fast radio burst host galaxy population and its connection to transients in the local and extragalactic universe |
dark matter detectors built primarily to probe elastic scattering of wimps on nuclei are also precise probes of light, weakly coupled, particles that may be absorbed by the detector material. in this paper, we derive constraints on the minimal model of dark matter comprised of long-lived vector states v (dark photons) ... | direct detection constraints on dark photon dark matter |
black hole binary systems with companion stars are typically found via their x-ray emission, generated by interaction and accretion. noninteracting binaries are expected to be plentiful in the galaxy but must be observed using other methods. we combine radial velocity and photometric variability data to show that the b... | a noninteracting low-mass black hole-giant star binary system |
the neutron star tidal deformability is a critical parameter which determines the premerger gravitational-wave signal in a neutron star merger. in this article, we show how neutron star tidal deformabilities behave in the presence of one or two sharp phase transition(s). we characterize how the tidal deformability chan... | tidal deformability with sharp phase transitions in binary neutron stars |
the galactic archaeology with hermes (galah) survey is a large-scale stellar spectroscopic survey of the milky way, designed to deliver complementary chemical information to a large number of stars covered by the gaia mission. we present the galah second public data release (galah dr2) containing 342 682 stars. for the... | the galah survey: second data release |
recent observations with the \textit{james webb} space telescope (jwst) have further refined the spectroscopic redshift of gn-z11, one of the most distant galaxies identified with the \textit{hubble} space telescope (hst) at $z=10.603$. the presence of extremely dense gas ($>10^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$), the detection of hig... | gn-z11: the environment of an agn at $z=$10.603 |
the production of elements by rapid neutron capture (r-process) in neutron-star mergers is expected theoretically and is supported by multimessenger observations1-3 of gravitational-wave event gw170817: this production route is in principle sufficient to account for most of the r-process elements in the universe4. anal... | collapsars as a major source of r-process elements |
determining the sound speed csin compact stars is an important open question with numerous implications on the behavior of matter at large densities and hence on gravitational-wave emission from neutron stars. to this scope, we construct more than 107 equations of state (eoss) with continuous sound speed and build more... | on the sound speed in neutron stars |
how turbulent energy is dissipated in weakly collisional space and astrophysical plasmas is a major open question. here, we present the application of a field-particle correlation technique to directly measure the transfer of energy between the turbulent electromagnetic field and electrons in the earth's magnetosheath,... | evidence for electron landau damping in space plasma turbulence |
when two black holes merge in a dense star cluster, they form a new black hole with a well-defined mass and spin. if that "second-generation" black hole remains in the cluster, it will continue to participate in dynamical encounters, form binaries, and potentially merge again. using a grid of 96 dynamical models of den... | black holes: the next generation—repeated mergers in dense star clusters and their gravitational-wave properties |
the strong interaction among hadrons has been measured in the past by scattering experiments. although this technique has been extremely successful in providing information about the nucleon-nucleon and pion-nucleon interactions, when unstable hadrons are considered the experiments become more challenging. in the last ... | study of the strong interaction among hadrons with correlations at the lhc |
the solar wind is a magnetized plasma and as such exhibits collective plasma behavior associated with its characteristic spatial and temporal scales. the characteristic length scales include the size of the heliosphere, the collisional mean free paths of all species, their inertial lengths, their gyration radii, and th... | the multi-scale nature of the solar wind |
the atacama large millimeter array (alma) large program to investigate [cii] at early times (alpine) targets the [cii] 158 μm line and the far-infrared continuum in 118 spectroscopically confirmed star-forming galaxies between z = 4.4 and z = 5.9. it represents the first large [cii] statistical sample built in this red... | the alpine-alma [cii] survey: data processing, catalogs, and statistical source properties |
fast radio bursts (frbs) are highly dispersed, millisecond-duration radio bursts1-3. recent observations of a galactic frb4-8 suggest that at least some frbs originate from magnetars, but the origin of cosmological frbs is still not settled. here we report the detection of 1,863 bursts in 82 h over 54 days from the rep... | a fast radio burst source at a complex magnetized site in a barred galaxy |
in a companion paper by koposov et al., rr lyrae from gaia data release 2 are used to demonstrate that stars in the orphan stream have velocity vectors significantly misaligned with the stream track, suggesting that it has received a large gravitational perturbation from a satellite of the milky way. we argue that such... | the total mass of the large magellanic cloud from its perturbation on the orphan stream |
this is an introduction to bayesian inference with a focus on hierarchical models and hyper-parameters. we write primarily for an audience of bayesian novices, but we hope to provide useful insights for seasoned veterans as well. examples are drawn from gravitational-wave astronomy, though we endeavour for the presenta... | an introduction to bayesian inference in gravitational-wave astronomy: parameter estimation, model selection, and hierarchical models |
a large fraction of the protoplanetary disks observed with alma display multiple well-defined and nearly perfectly circular rings in the continuum, in many cases with substantial peak-to-valley contrast. the dsharp campaign shows that several of these rings are very narrow in radial extent. in this letter we test the h... | the disk substructures at high angular resolution project (dsharp). vi. dust trapping in thin-ringed protoplanetary disks |
we report deep chandra x-ray observatory (cxo), hubble space telescope (hst), and karl j. jansky very large array (vla) observations of the binary neutron star event gw170817 at t < 160 days after merger. these observations show that gw170817 has been steadily brightening with time and might have now reached its pea... | the binary neutron star event ligo/virgo gw170817 160 days after merger: synchrotron emission across the electromagnetic spectrum |
we present a statistical study of 180 dust continuum sources identified in 33 massive cluster fields by the alma lensing cluster survey (alcs) over a total of 133 arcmin$^{2}$ area, homogeneously observed at 1.2 mm. alcs enables us to detect extremely faint mm sources by lensing magnification, including near-infrared (... | alma lensing cluster survey: deep 1.2 mm number counts and infrared luminosity functions at $z\\simeq1-8$ |
it remains a major challenge to derive a theory of cloud-scale (≲100 pc) star formation and feedback, describing how galaxies convert gas into stars as a function of the galactic environment. progress has been hampered by a lack of robust empirical constraints on the giant molecular cloud (gmc) lifecycle. we address th... | the lifecycle of molecular clouds in nearby star-forming disc galaxies |
we present atacama large millimeter/sub-millimeter array (alma) band 6 observations of a complete sample of protoplanetary disks in the young (∼1-3 myr) lupus star-forming region, covering the 1.33 mm continuum and the 12co, 13co, and c18o j = 2-1 lines. the spatial resolution is ∼0.″25 with a medium 3σ continuum sensi... | alma survey of lupus protoplanetary disks. ii. gas disk radii |
we present a detailed stellar population analysis of 11 bright (h < 26.6) galaxies at z = 9-11 (three spectroscopically confirmed) to constrain the chemical enrichment and growth of stellar mass of early galaxies. we use the flexible bayesian spectral energy distribution (sed) fitting code prospector with a range of... | on the stellar populations of galaxies at z = 9-11: the growth of metals and stellar mass at early times |
in hierarchical models of structure formation, the first galaxies form in low-mass dark matter potential wells, probing the behavior of dark matter on kiloparsec scales. even though these objects are below the detection threshold of current telescopes, future missions will open an observational window into this emergen... | first star-forming structures in fuzzy cosmic filaments |
a new upper limit on the 21 cm signal power spectrum at a redshift of z ≈ 9.1 is presented, based on 141 h of data obtained with the low-frequency array (lofar). the analysis includes significant improvements in spectrally smooth gain-calibration, gaussian process regression (gpr) foreground mitigation and optimally we... | improved upper limits on the 21 cm signal power spectrum of neutral hydrogen at z ≈ 9.1 from lofar |
icy grain mantles are the main reservoir of the volatile elements that link chemical processes in dark, interstellar clouds with the formation of planets and the composition of their atmospheres. the initial ice composition is set in the cold, dense parts of molecular clouds, before the onset of star formation. with th... | an ice age jwst inventory of dense molecular cloud ices |
a new line list for h_2^{ 16}o is presented. this line list, which is called pokazatel, includes transitions between rotational-vibrational energy levels up to 41 000 cm-1 and is the most complete to date. the potential energy surface (pes) used for producing the line list was obtained by fitting a high-quality ab init... | exomol molecular line lists xxx: a complete high-accuracy line list for water |
broadband photometry of galaxies measures an unresolved mix of complex stellar populations, gas, and dust. interpreting these data is a challenge for models: many studies have shown that properties derived from modeling galaxy photometry are uncertain by a factor of two or more, and yet answering key questions in the f... | deriving physical properties from broadband photometry with prospector: description of the model and a demonstration of its accuracy using 129 galaxies in the local universe |
the first gravitational wave detections of mergers between black holes and neutron stars represent a remarkable new regime of high-energy transient astrophysics. the signals observed with ligo-virgo detectors come from mergers of extreme physical objects which are the end products of stellar evolution in close binary s... | progenitors of gravitational wave mergers: binary evolution with the stellar grid-based code combine |
observations of galaxy isophotes, long-slit kinematics, and high-resolution photometry suggested a possible dichotomy between two distinct classes of elliptical galaxies. but these methods are expensive for large galaxy samples. instead, integral field spectroscopy can efficiently recognize the shape, dynamics, and ste... | structure and kinematics of early-type galaxies from integral field spectroscopy |
we present observations and detailed characterizations of five new host galaxies of fast radio bursts (frbs) discovered with the australian square kilometre array pathfinder (askap) and localized to ≲1″. combining these galaxies with frb hosts from the literature, we introduce criteria based on the probability of chanc... | host galaxy properties and offset distributions of fast radio bursts: implications for their progenitors |
photochemistry is a fundamental process of planetary atmospheres that regulates the atmospheric composition and stability1. however, no unambiguous photochemical products have been detected in exoplanet atmospheres so far. recent observations from the jwst transiting exoplanet community early release science program2,3... | photochemically produced so2 in the atmosphere of wasp-39b |
long-duration γ-ray bursts (grbs) are the most luminous sources of electromagnetic radiation known in the universe. they arise from outflows of plasma with velocities near the speed of light that are ejected by newly formed neutron stars or black holes (of stellar mass) at cosmological distances1,2. prompt flashes of m... | teraelectronvolt emission from the γ-ray burst grb 190114c |
present-day galaxies are surrounded by cool and enriched halo gas extending for hundreds of kiloparsecs. this halo gas is thought to be the dominant reservoir of material available to fuel future star formation, but direct constraints on its mass and physical properties have been difficult to obtain. we report the dete... | the low density and magnetization of a massive galaxy halo exposed by a fast radio burst |
ultraviolet light from early galaxies is thought to have ionized gas in the intergalactic medium. however, there are few observational constraints on this epoch because of the faintness of those galaxies and the redshift of their optical light into the infrared. we report the observation, in jwst imaging, of a distant ... | a magnified compact galaxy at redshift 9.51 with strong nebular emission lines |
using a large sample of bright nearby stars with accurate gaia data release 2 astrometry and auxiliary spectroscopy we map out the properties of the principle galactic components such as the 'thin' and 'thick' discs and the halo. we confirm previous claims that in the solar neighbourhood, there exists a large populatio... | the biggest splash |
we present an interstellar medium and stellar population analysis of three spectroscopically confirmed z > 7 galaxies in the early release observations jwst/nircam and jwst/nirspec data of the smacs j0723.3-7327 cluster. we use the bayesian spectral energy distribution-fitting code prospector with a flexible star fo... | jwst nircam + nirspec: interstellar medium and stellar populations of young galaxies with rising star formation and evolving gas reservoirs |
thousands of exoplanets have now been discovered with a huge range of masses, sizes and orbits: from rocky earth-like planets to large gas giants grazing the surface of their host star. however, the essential nature of these exoplanets remains largely mysterious: there is no known, discernible pattern linking the prese... | a chemical survey of exoplanets with ariel |
we investigate irregularity factors for a self-gravitating spherical star evolving in the presence of an imperfect fluid. we explore the gravitational field equations and the dynamical equations with the systematic construction in f (r ,t ) gravity, where t is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. furthermore, we an... | causes of irregular energy density in f (r ,t ) gravity |
itsg-grace2018 is a new series of grace-only gravity field solutions based on reprocessed grace observation data (l1b rl03) and the latest atmosphere and ocean dealiasing product (aod1b rl06). it includes unconstrained monthly and constrained daily solutions, as well as a high-resolution static gravity field. compared ... | itsg-grace2018: overview and evaluation of a new grace-only gravity field time series |
in nuclear matter in neutron stars the flavor content (e.g., proton fraction) is subject to weak interactions, establishing flavor ($\beta$-)equilibrium. during the merger of two neutron stars there can be deviations from this equilibrium. by incorporating urca processes into general-relativistic hydrodynamics simulati... | emergence of microphysical viscosity in binary neutron star post-merger dynamics |
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