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we study bose-einstein condensation and the formation of bose stars in virialized dark matter halos and miniclusters by universal gravitational interactions. we prove that this phenomenon does occur and it is described by a kinetic equation. we give an expression for the condensation time. our results suggest that bose... | gravitational bose-einstein condensation in the kinetic regime |
gravitational-wave detections are enabling measurements of the rate of coalescences of binaries composed of two compact objects—neutron stars and/or black holes. the coalescence rate of binaries containing neutron stars is further constrained by electromagnetic observations, including galactic radio binary pulsars and ... | rates of compact object coalescences |
we present a systematic numerical relativity study of the mass ejection and the associated electromagnetic transients and nucleosynthesis from binary neutron star (ns) mergers. we find that a few 10-3 m ⊙ of material is ejected dynamically during the mergers. the amount and the properties of these outflows depend on bi... | binary neutron star mergers: mass ejection, electromagnetic counterparts, and nucleosynthesis |
banyan σ is a new bayesian algorithm to identify members of young stellar associations within 150 pc of the sun. it includes 27 young associations with ages in the range ∼1-800 myr, modeled with multivariate gaussians in six-dimensional (6d) xyzuvw space. it is the first such multi-association classification tool to in... | banyan. xi. the banyan σ multivariate bayesian algorithm to identify members of young associations with 150 pc |
interpreting high-energy, astrophysical phenomena, such as supernova explosions or neutron-star collisions, requires a robust understanding of matter at supranuclear densities. however, our knowledge about dense matter explored in the cores of neutron stars remains limited. fortunately, dense matter is not probed only ... | constraining neutron-star matter with microscopic and macroscopic collisions |
this report addresses topics and questions of common interest in the fields of ultra-cold gases and nuclear physics in the context of the bcs-bec crossover. by this crossover, the phenomena of bardeen-cooper-schrieffer (bcs) superfluidity and bose-einstein condensation (bec), which share the same kind of spontaneous sy... | the bcs-bec crossover: from ultra-cold fermi gases to nuclear systems |
the evolution of the milky way disk, which contains most of the stars in the galaxy, is affected by several phenomena. for example, the bar and the spiral arms of the milky way induce radial migration of stars1 and can trap or scatter stars close to orbital resonances2. external perturbations from satellite galaxies ca... | a dynamically young and perturbed milky way disk |
the general theory of relativity predicts that a star passing close to a supermassive black hole should exhibit a relativistic redshift. in this study, we used observations of the galactic center star s0-2 to test this prediction. we combined existing spectroscopic and astrometric measurements from 1995-2017, which cov... | relativistic redshift of the star s0-2 orbiting the galactic center supermassive black hole |
the presence of excess scatter in the ly-α forest at z ~ 5.5, together with the existence of sporadic extended opaque gunn-peterson troughs, has started to provide robust evidence for a late end of hydrogen reionization. however, low data quality and systematic uncertainties complicate the use of ly-α transmission as a... | hydrogen reionization ends by z = 5.3: lyman-α optical depth measured by the xqr-30 sample |
the stellar initial mass function (imf) impacts nearly all observable properties of galaxies, controls the production rate of heavy elements, and governs how much energy is available to regulate galaxy growth. theoretical work predicts that the high-redshift imf may be more top-heavy compared to the local universe, due... | nebular dominated galaxies in the early universe with top-heavy stellar initial mass functions |
we present bayesian analysis of galaxies for physical inference and parameter estimation, or bagpipes, a new python tool that can be used to rapidly generate complex model galaxy spectra and to fit these to arbitrary combinations of spectroscopic and photometric data using the multinest nested sampling algorithm. we ex... | inferring the star formation histories of massive quiescent galaxies with bagpipes: evidence for multiple quenching mechanisms |
the earliest jwst observations have revealed an unexpected abundance of super-early (z > 10), massive ($m_*\, \approx 10^9 {\rm m}_{\odot }$ ) galaxies at the bright-end (muv ≈ -21) of the ultraviolet luminosity function (uv lf). we present a minimal physical model that explains the observed galaxy abundance at z = ... | on the stunning abundance of super-early, luminous galaxies revealed by jwst |
the galactic archaeology with hermes (galah) survey is a large high-resolution spectroscopic survey using the newly commissioned high efficiency and resolution multi-element spectrograph (hermes) on the anglo-australian telescope. the hermes spectrograph provides high-resolution (r ∼ 28 000) spectra in four passbands f... | the galah survey: scientific motivation |
we explore the kinematic gas properties of six $5.5<z<7.4$ galaxies in the jwst advanced deep extragalactic survey (jades), using high-resolution jwst/nirspec multi-object spectroscopy of the rest-frame optical emission lines [oiii] and h$\alpha$. the objects are small and of low stellar mass ($\sim 1\,$kpc; $m_*... | ionised gas kinematics and dynamical masses of $z\\gtrsim6$ galaxies from jades/nirspec high-resolution spectroscopy |
we report the discovery of 15 exceptionally luminous $10\lesssim z\lesssim14$ candidate galaxies discovered in the first 0.28 deg$^2$ of jwst/nircam imaging from the cosmos-web survey. these sources span rest-frame uv magnitudes of $-20.5>m_{\rm uv}>-22$, and thus constitute the most intrinsically luminous $z\gtr... | cosmos-web: intrinsically luminous z$\\gtrsim$10 galaxy candidates test early stellar mass assembly |
the disk substructures at high angular resolution project (dsharp) used alma to map the 1.25 mm continuum of protoplanetary disks at a spatial resolution of ∼5 au. we present a systematic analysis of annular substructures in the 18 single-disk systems targeted in this survey. no dominant architecture emerges from this ... | the disk substructures at high angular resolution project (dsharp). ii. characteristics of annular substructures |
the 2017 event horizon telescope (eht) observations of the central source in m87 have led to the first measurement of the size of a black-hole shadow. this observation offers a new and clean gravitational test of the black-hole metric in the strong-field regime. we show analytically that spacetimes that deviate from th... | gravitational test beyond the first post-newtonian order with the shadow of the m87 black hole |
we present a near-infrared spectral sequence of the electromagnetic counterpart to the binary neutron star merger gw170817 detected by advanced laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (ligo)/virgo. our data set comprises seven epochs of j+h spectra taken with flamingos-2 on gemini-south between 1.5 and 10.5... | the electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star merger ligo/virgo gw170817. iv. detection of near-infrared signatures of r-process nucleosynthesis with gemini-south |
the kepler mission, combined with ground-based radial velocity (rv) follow-up and dynamical analyses of transit timing variations, has revolutionized the observational constraints on sub-neptune-sized planet compositions. the results of an extensive kepler follow-up program including multiple doppler measurements for 2... | most 1.6 earth-radius planets are not rocky |
we introduce a suite of 30 cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical zoom simulations of the formation of galaxies in isolated milky way mass dark haloes. these were carried out with the moving mesh code arepo, together with a comprehensive model for galaxy formation physics, including active galactic nuclei (agn) feedback a... | the auriga project: the properties and formation mechanisms of disc galaxies across cosmic time |
the advent of the second data release of the gaia mission, in combination with data from large spectroscopic surveys, is revolutionizing our understanding of the galaxy. thanks to these transformational data sets and the knowledge accumulated thus far, a new, more mature picture of the evolution of the early milky way ... | streams, substructures, and the early history of the milky way |
we present the first effort to aggregate, homogenize, and uniformly model the combined ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared data set for the electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star merger gw170817. by assembling all of the available data from 18 different papers and 46 different instruments, we are ab... | the combined ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared light curves of the kilonova associated with the binary neutron star merger gw170817: unified data set, analytic models, and physical implications |
we revisit constraints on dark photons with masses below ∼ 100 mev from the observations of supernova 1987a. if dark photons are produced in sufficient quantity, they reduce the amount of energy emitted in the form of neutrinos, in conflict with observations. for the first time, we include the effects of finite tempera... | revisiting supernova 1987a constraints on dark photons |
we search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (gwb) in the newly released 11 year data set from the north american nanohertz observatory for gravitational waves (nanograv). while we find no evidence for a gwb, we place constraints on a population of inspiraling supermassive black hole (smbh) binar... | the nanograv 11 year data set: pulsar-timing constraints on the stochastic gravitational-wave background |
we introduce the public version of the cosmological magnetohydrodynamical moving-mesh simulation code arepo. this version contains a finite-volume magnetohydrodynamics algorithm on an unstructured, dynamic voronoi tessellation coupled to a tree-particle-mesh algorithm for the poisson equation either on a newtonian or c... | the arepo public code release |
we have collected transit times for the trappist-1 system with the spitzer space telescope over four years. we add to these ground-based, hst, and k2 transit-time measurements, and revisit an n-body dynamical analysis of the seven-planet system using our complete set of times from which we refine the mass ratios of the... | refining the transit-timing and photometric analysis of trappist-1: masses, radii, densities, dynamics, and ephemerides |
we report the discovery of a luminous quasar, j1007+2115 at z = 7.515 ("pōniuā'ena"), from our wide-field reionization-era quasar survey. j1007+2115 is the second quasar now known at z > 7.5, deep into the reionization epoch. the quasar is powered by a (1.5 ± 0.2) × 109 m⊙ supermassive black hole (smbh), based on it... | pōniuā'ena: a luminous z = 7.5 quasar hosting a 1.5 billion solar mass black hole |
we present the properties of 16 faint lyman-$\alpha$ emitting galaxies (laes) at $z>5.8$ from the jwst advanced deep extragalactic survey (jades) spectroscopic data in the hubble ultra deep field/goods-s. these laes span a redshift range $z\approx5.8-8.0$ and uv magnitude range $m_{\textrm{uv}} \approx -17$ to $-20.... | jades: the production and escape of ionizing photons from faint lyman-alpha emitters in the epoch of reionization |
born in the aftermath of core-collapse supernovae, neutron stars contain matter under extraordinary conditions of density and temperature that are difficult to reproduce in the laboratory. in recent years, neutron star observations have begun to yield novel insights into the nature of strongly interacting matter in the... | chiral effective field theory and the high-density nuclear equation of state |
jwst observations indicate a surprising excess of luminous galaxies at z ~ 10 and above, consistent with efficient conversion of the accreted gas into stars, unlike the suppression of star formation by feedback at later times. we show that the high densities and low metallicities at this epoch guarantee a high star for... | efficient formation of massive galaxies at cosmic dawn by feedback-free starbursts |
twenty years have passed since first light for the sloan digital sky survey (sdss). here, we release data taken by the fourth phase of sdss (sdss-iv) across its first three years of operation (2014 july-2017 july). this is the third data release for sdss-iv, and the 15th from sdss (data release fifteen; dr15). new data... | the fifteenth data release of the sloan digital sky surveys: first release of manga-derived quantities, data visualization tools, and stellar library |
we present a new 3d map of interstellar dust reddening, covering three quarters of the sky (declinations of δ ≳ -30°) out to a distance of several kiloparsecs. the map is based on high-quality stellar photometry of 800 million stars from pan-starrs 1 and 2mass. we divide the sky into sightlines containing a few hundred... | galactic reddening in 3d from stellar photometry - an improved map |
context. the second gaia data release (gaia dr2) contains high-precision positions, parallaxes, and proper motions for 1.3 billion sources as well as line-of-sight velocities for 7.2 million stars brighter than grvs = 12 mag. both samples provide a full sky coverage.aims: to illustrate the potential of gaia dr2, we pro... | gaia data release 2. mapping the milky way disc kinematics |
for stars with unresolved companions, motions of the centre of light and that of mass decouple, causing a single-source astrometric model to perform poorly. we show that such stars can be easily detected with the reduced χ2 statistic, or renormalized unit weight error (ruwe), provided as part of gaia dr2. we convert ru... | unresolved stellar companions with gaia dr2 astrometry |
transmission spectroscopy1-3 of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapour, aerosols and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres4,5. however, these previous inferences with the hubble and spitzer space telescopes were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resol... | early release science of the exoplanet wasp-39b with jwst nirspec prism |
we present a new grid of presupernova models of massive stars extending in mass between 13 and 120 {m}⊙ , covering four metallicities (i.e., [fe/h] = 0, -1, -2, and -3) and three initial rotation velocities (i.e., 0, 150, and 300 km s-1). the explosion has been simulated following three different assumptions in order t... | presupernova evolution and explosive nucleosynthesis of rotating massive stars in the metallicity range -3 ≤ [fe/h] ≤ 0 |
low-mass “dwarf” galaxies represent the most significant challenges to the cold dark matter (cdm) model of cosmological structure formation. because these faint galaxies are (best) observed within the local group (lg) of the milky way (mw) and andromeda (m31), understanding their formation in such an environment is cri... | reconciling dwarf galaxies with λcdm cosmology: simulating a realistic population of satellites around a milky way-mass galaxy |
the launch of the james webb space telescope (jwst) in late 2021 marks a new start for studies of galaxy formation at high redshift (z ≳ 6) during the era of cosmic reionization. jwst can capture sensitive, high-resolution images and multiobject spectroscopy in the ir that will transform our view of galaxy formation du... | galaxy formation and reionization: key unknowns and expected breakthroughs by the james webb space telescope |
gaia data release 3 contains a wealth of new data products for the community. astrophysical parameters are a major component of this release, and were produced by the astrophysical parameters inference system (apsis) within the gaia data processing and analysis consortium (dpac). the aim of this paper is to describe th... | gaia data release 3. astrophysical parameters inference system (apsis). i. methods and content overview |
we present a statistical analysis of the first 300 stars observed by the gemini planet imager exoplanet survey. this subsample includes six detected planets and three brown dwarfs; from these detections and our contrast curves we infer the underlying distributions of substellar companions with respect to their mass, se... | the gemini planet imager exoplanet survey: giant planet and brown dwarf demographics from 10 to 100 au |
recent jwst observations suggest an excess of z ≳ 10 galaxy candidates above most theoretical models. here, we explore how the interplay between halo formation time-scales, star formation efficiency, and dust attenuation affects the properties and number densities of galaxies observed in the early universe. to guide in... | the brightest galaxies at cosmic dawn |
newly forming protoplanets are expected to create cavities and substructures in young, gas-rich protoplanetary disks1-3, but they are difficult to detect as they could be confused with disk features affected by advanced image analysis techniques4,5. recently, a planet was discovered inside the gap of the transitional d... | two accreting protoplanets around the young star pds 70 |
quasars at cosmic dawn provide powerful probes of the formation and growth of the earliest supermassive black holes (smbhs) in the universe, their connections to galaxy and structure formation, and the evolution of the intergalactic medium (igm) at the epoch of reionization (eor). hundreds of quasars have been discover... | quasars and the intergalactic medium at cosmic dawn |
we present an analysis of the galaxy-scale gaseous outflows from the feedback in realistic environments (fire) simulations. this suite of hydrodynamic cosmological zoom simulations resolves formation of star-forming giant molecular clouds to z = 0, and features an explicit stellar feedback model on small scales. our si... | gusty, gaseous flows of fire: galactic winds in cosmological simulations with explicit stellar feedback |
the existence of neutron star mergers has been supported since the discovery of the binary pulsar and the observation of its orbital energy loss, consistent with general relativity. they are considered nucleosynthesis sites of the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process), which is responsible for creating approximatel... | neutron star mergers and nucleosynthesis of heavy elements |
half of all of the elements in the universe that are heavier than iron were created by rapid neutron capture. the theory underlying this astrophysical r-process was worked out six decades ago, and requires an enormous neutron flux to make the bulk of the elements1. where this happens is still debated2. a key piece of e... | identification of strontium in the merger of two neutron stars |
galaxies living in rich environments are suffering different perturbations able to drastically affect their evolution. among these, ram pressure stripping, i.e. the pressure exerted by the hot and dense intracluster medium (icm) on galaxies moving at high velocity within the cluster gravitational potential well, is a k... | ram pressure stripping in high-density environments |
orbiting planets induce a weak radial velocity (rv) shift in the host star that provides a powerful method of planet detection. importantly, the rv technique provides information about the exoplanet mass, which is unavailable with the complementary technique of transit photometry. however, rv detection of an earth-like... | searching for exoplanets using a microresonator astrocomb |
context. the third gaia data release (dr3) provides a wealth of new data products. the early part of the release, gaia edr3, already provided the astrometric and photometric data for nearly two billion sources. the full release now adds improved parameters compared to gaia dr2 for radial velocities, astrophysical param... | gaia data release 3. catalogue validation |
a key legacy of the recently launched the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) mission will be to provide the astronomical community with many of the best transiting exoplanet targets for atmospheric characterization. however, time is of the essence to take full advantage of this opportunity. the james webb spa... | a framework for prioritizing the tess planetary candidates most amenable to atmospheric characterization |
the hyper suprime-cam (hsc) is an 870 megapixel prime focus optical imaging camera for the 8.2 m subaru telescope. the wide-field corrector delivers sharp images of 0{^''.}2 (fwhm) in the hsc-i band over the entire 1.5° diameter field of view. the collimation of the camera with respect to the optical axis of the primar... | hyper suprime-cam: system design and verification of image quality |
we present the cosmology and astrophysics with machine learning simulations (camels) project. camels is a suite of 4233 cosmological simulations of ${\left(25{h}^{-1}\mathrm{mpc}\right)}^{3}$ volume each: 2184 state-of-the-art (magneto)hydrodynamic simulations run with the arepo and gizmo codes, employing the same bary... | the camels project: cosmology and astrophysics with machine-learning simulations |
the lhcb collaboration announced two pentaquark-like structures in the j /ψ p invariant mass distribution. we show that the current information on the narrow structure at 4.45 gev is compatible with kinematical effects of the rescattering from χc 1p to j /ψ p : first, it is located exactly at the χc 1p threshold. secon... | how to reveal the exotic nature of the pc(4450 ) |
the binary neutron star merger event gw170817 was detected through both electromagnetic radiation and gravitational waves. its afterglow emission may have been produced by either a narrow relativistic jet or an isotropic outflow. high-spatial-resolution measurements of the source size and displacement can discriminate ... | compact radio emission indicates a structured jet was produced by a binary neutron star merger |
one of the most compelling tasks of modern cosmology is to constrain the expansion history of the universe, since this measurement can give insights on the nature of dark energy and help to estimate cosmological parameters. in this letter are presented two new measurements of the hubble parameter h(z) obtained with the... | raising the bar: new constraints on the hubble parameter with cosmic chronometers at z ~ 2. |
we investigate constraints on cosmic reionization extracted from the planck cosmic microwave background (cmb) data. we combine the planck cmb anisotropy data in temperature with the low-multipole polarization data to fit λcdm models with various parameterizations of the reionization history. we obtain a thomson optical... | planck intermediate results. xlvii. planck constraints on reionization history |
context. the chemo-physical parametrisation of stellar spectra is essential for understanding the nature and evolution of stars and of galactic stellar populations. a worldwide observational effort from the ground has provided, in one century, an extremely heterogeneous collection of chemical abundances for about two m... | gaia data release 3. analysis of rvs spectra using the general stellar parametriser from spectroscopy |
there is some weak evidence that the black hole merger named gw190521 had a non-zero eccentricity1,2. in addition, the masses of the component black holes exceeded the limit predicted by stellar evolution3. the large masses can be explained by successive mergers4,5, which may be efficient in gas disks surrounding activ... | agn as potential factories for eccentric black hole mergers |
neutron star interior composition explorer has a comparatively low background rate, but it is highly variable, and its spectrum must be predicted using measurements unaffected by the science target. we describe an empirical, three-parameter model based on observations of seven pointing directions that are void of detec... | an empirical background model for the nicer x-ray timing instrument |
we present uv and/or optical observations and models of sn 2023ixf, a type ii supernova (sn) located in messier 101 at 6.9 mpc. early time (flash) spectroscopy of sn 2023ixf, obtained primarily at lick observatory, reveals emission lines of h i, he i/ii, c iv, and n iii/iv/v with a narrow core and broad, symmetric wing... | sn 2023ixf in messier 101: photo-ionization of dense, close-in circumstellar material in a nearby type ii supernova |
we introduce the virgo consortium's flamingo suite of hydrodynamical simulations for cosmology and galaxy cluster physics. to ensure the simulations are sufficiently realistic for studies of large-scale structure, the subgrid prescriptions for stellar and agn feedback are calibrated to the observed low-redshift galaxy ... | the flamingo project: cosmological hydrodynamical simulations for large-scale structure and galaxy cluster surveys |
gamma-ray bursts (grbs) are flashes of high-energy radiation arising from energetic cosmic explosions. bursts of long (greater than two seconds) duration are produced by the core-collapse of massive stars1, and those of short (less than two seconds) duration by the merger of compact objects, such as two neutron stars2.... | a nearby long gamma-ray burst from a merger of compact objects |
lyman-break galaxy (lbg) candidates at z ≳ 10 are rapidly being identified in james webb space telescope (jwst)/nircam observations. due to the (redshifted) break produced by neutral hydrogen absorption of rest-frame uv photons, these sources are expected to drop out in the bluer filters while being well detected in re... | dusty starbursts masquerading as ultra-high redshift galaxies in jwst ceers observations |
various theoretical models treating the effect of stellar irradiation on planetary envelopes predict the presence of a radius valley, i.e. a bimodal distribution of planet radii, with super-earths and sub-neptune planets separated by a valley at around {≈ } 2 r_\oplus. such a valley has been observed recently, owing to... | an asteroseismic view of the radius valley: stripped cores, not born rocky |
in a single process, the merger of binary neutron star systems combines extreme gravity, the copious emission of gravitational waves, complex microphysics and electromagnetic processes, which can lead to astrophysical signatures observable at the largest redshifts. we review here the recent progress in understanding wh... | binary neutron star mergers: a review of einstein’s richest laboratory |
the historical first detection of a binary neutron star merger by the ligo-virgo collaboration [b. p. abbott et al., phys. rev. lett. 119, 161101 (2017), 10.1103/physrevlett.119.161101] is providing fundamental new insights into the astrophysical site for the r process and on the nature of dense matter. a set of realis... | neutron skins and neutron stars in the multimessenger era |
we have determined masses, stellar mass functions, and structural parameters of 112 milky way globular clusters by fitting a large set of n-body simulations to their velocity dispersion and surface density profiles. the velocity dispersion profiles were calculated based on a combination of more than 15000 high-precisio... | a catalogue of masses, structural parameters, and velocity dispersion profiles of 112 milky way globular clusters |
the solar cycle is reviewed. the 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. a number of other solar activity indicators also vary in association with the sunspots including; the 10.7 cm radio flux, the total solar irradiance, the magnetic field, fl... | the solar cycle |
the local group galaxies offer some of the most discriminating tests of models of cosmic structure formation. for example, observations of the milky way (mw) and andromeda satellite populations appear to be in disagreement with n-body simulations of the `lambda cold dark matter' (λcdm) model: there are far fewer satell... | the apostle simulations: solutions to the local group's cosmic puzzles |
we present a catalogue of white dwarf candidates selected from the second data release of gaia (dr2). we used a sample of spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs from the sloan digital sky survey (sdss) to map the entire space spanned by these objects in the gaia hertzsprung-russell diagram. we then defined a set of c... | a gaia data release 2 catalogue of white dwarfs and a comparison with sdss |
recent numerical simulations in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (grmhd) provide useful constraints for the interpretation of the gw170817 discovery. combining the observed data with these simulations leads to a bound on the maximum mass of a cold, spherical neutron star (the tov limit): mmaxsph≲2.74 /β , wher... | gw170817, general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations, and the neutron star maximum mass |
detections of gravitational waves are now starting to probe the mass distribution of stellar mass black holes (bhs). robust predictions from stellar models are needed to interpret these. theory predicts the existence of a gap in the bh mass distribution because of pair-instability supernovae. the maximum bh mass below ... | mind the gap: the location of the lower edge of the pair-instability supernova black hole mass gap |
we present the third open gravitational-wave catalog (3-ogc) of compact-binary coalescences, based on the analysis of the public ligo and virgo data from 2015 through 2019 (o1, o2, o3a). our updated catalog includes a population of 57 observations, including 4 binary black hole mergers that had not been previously repo... | 3-ogc: catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers |
gravitational-wave observation together with a large number of electromagnetic observations shows that the source of the latest gravitational-wave event, gw170817, detected primarily by advanced ligo, is the merger of a binary neutron star. we attempt to interpret this observational event based on our results of numeri... | modeling gw170817 based on numerical relativity and its implications |
we construct closed-form gravitational waveforms (gws) with tidal effects for the coalescence of binary neutron stars. the method relies on a new set of eccentricity-reduced and high-resolution numerical relativity (nr) simulations and is composed of three steps. first, tidal contributions to the gw phase are extracted... | closed-form tidal approximants for binary neutron star gravitational waveforms constructed from high-resolution numerical relativity simulations |
we have derived the mean proper motions and space velocities of 154 galactic globular clusters and the velocity dispersion profiles of 141 globular clusters based on a combination of gaia dr2 proper motions with ground-based line-of-sight velocities. combining the velocity dispersion profiles derived here with new meas... | mean proper motions, space orbits, and velocity dispersion profiles of galactic globular clusters derived from gaia dr2 data |
the space-based laser interferometer space antenna (lisa) will be able to observe the gravitational-wave signals from systems comprised of a massive black hole and a stellar-mass compact object. these systems are known as extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (emris) and are expected to complete ∼1 04- 1 05 cycles in band, thus... | science with the space-based interferometer lisa. v. extreme mass-ratio inspirals |
over the past decade, the existence of a substantial population of optically invisible, massive galaxies at $z\gtrsim3$ has been implied from mid-infrared to millimeter observations. with the unprecedented sensitivity of the jwst, such extremely massive galaxy candidates have immediately been identified even at $z>7... | massive optically dark galaxies unveiled by jwst challenge galaxy formation models |
star-like objects with effective temperatures of less than 2,700 kelvin are referred to as ‘ultracool dwarfs’. this heterogeneous group includes stars of extremely low mass as well as brown dwarfs (substellar objects not massive enough to sustain hydrogen fusion), and represents about 15 per cent of the population of a... | temperate earth-sized planets transiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star |
deep images and near-ir spectra of galaxies in the field of the lensing cluster smacs j0723.3−7327 were recently taken as part of the early release observations (eros) program of the james webb space telescope (jwst). among these, two nirspec spectra of galaxies, at z = 7.7 and at z = 8.5, were obtained, revealing, for... | first look with jwst spectroscopy: resemblance among z ∼ 8 galaxies and local analogs |
the laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (ligo) found direct evidence for double black hole binaries emitting gravitational waves. galactic nuclei are expected to harbor the densest population of stellar-mass black holes. a significant fraction (∼ 30 % ) of these black holes can reside in binaries. we ex... | rapid and bright stellar-mass binary black hole mergers in active galactic nuclei |
we present the survey design, implementation, and outlook for cosmos-web, a 255 hr treasury program conducted by the james webb space telescope in its first cycle of observations. cosmos-web is a contiguous 0.54 deg2 nircam imaging survey in four filters (f115w, f150w, f277w, and f444w) that will reach 5σ point-source ... | cosmos-web: an overview of the jwst cosmic origins survey |
exoplanets smaller than neptune are common around red dwarf stars (m dwarfs), with those that transit their host star constituting the bulk of known temperate worlds amenable for atmospheric characterization. we analyze the masses and radii of all known small transiting planets around m dwarfs, identifying three popula... | density, not radius, separates rocky and water-rich small planets orbiting m dwarf stars |
what is the size of the atomic nucleus? this deceivably simple question is difficult to answer. although the electric charge distributions in atomic nuclei were measured accurately already half a century ago, our knowledge of the distribution of neutrons is still deficient. in addition to constraining the size of atomi... | neutron and weak-charge distributions of the 48ca nucleus |
fast radio bursts are millisecond-duration, extragalactic radio flashes of unknown physical origin. the only known repeating fast radio burst source—frb 121102—has been localized to a star-forming region in a dwarf galaxy at redshift 0.193 and is spatially coincident with a compact, persistent radio source. the origin ... | an extreme magneto-ionic environment associated with the fast radio burst source frb 121102 |
on april 1st, 2019, the advanced laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (aligo), joined by the advanced virgo detector, began the third observing run, a year-long dedicated search for gravitational radiation. the ligo detectors have achieved a higher duty cycle and greater sensitivity to gravitational wave... | sensitivity and performance of the advanced ligo detectors in the third observing run |
the reionization era bright emission line survey (rebels) is a cycle-7 alma large program (lp) that is identifying and performing a first characterization of many of the most luminous star-forming galaxies known in the z > 6.5 universe. rebels is providing this probe by systematically scanning 40 of the brightest uv... | reionization era bright emission line survey: selection and characterization of luminous interstellar medium reservoirs in the z > 6.5 universe |
intense, millisecond-duration bursts of radio waves (named fast radio bursts) have been detected from beyond the milky way1. their dispersion measures—which are greater than would be expected if they had propagated only through the interstellar medium of the milky way—indicate extragalactic origins and imply contributi... | a fast radio burst localized to a massive galaxy |
we identify an observable imprint of a first-order hadron-quark phase transition at supranuclear densities on the gravitational-wave (gw) emission of neutron-star mergers. specifically, we show that the dominant postmerger gw frequency fpeak may exhibit a significant deviation from an empirical relation between fpeak a... | identifying a first-order phase transition in neutron-star mergers through gravitational waves |
nonparametric star formation histories (sfhs) have long promised to be the “gold standard” for galaxy spectral energy distribution (sed) modeling as they are flexible enough to describe the full diversity of sfh shapes, whereas parametric models rule out a significant fraction of these shapes a priori. however, this fl... | how to measure galaxy star formation histories. ii. nonparametric models |
previous analyses of various standard candles observed by the gaia satellite have reported statistically significant systematics in the parallaxes that have improved from ∼250 μas in the first data release (dr1) to 50-80 μas in the second data release (dr2). here we examine the parallaxes newly reported in the gaia ear... | parallax systematics and photocenter motions of benchmark eclipsing binaries in gaia edr3 |
fast radio bursts (frbs) can arise from synchrotron maser emission at ultrarelativistic magnetized shocks, such as produced by flare ejecta from young magnetars. we combine particle-in-cell simulation results for the maser emission with the dynamics of self-similar shock deceleration, as commonly applied to gamma-ray b... | fast radio bursts as synchrotron maser emission from decelerating relativistic blast waves |
to constrain the equation of state of cold dense matter, astrophysical measurements are essential. these are mostly based on observations of neutron stars in the x-ray band, and, more recently, also on gravitational wave observations. of particular interest are observations of unusually heavy or light neutron stars whi... | a strangely light neutron star within a supernova remnant |
fast radio bursts are mysterious millisecond-duration transients prevalent in the radio sky. rapid accumulation of data in recent years has facilitated an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of these events. knowledge gained from the neighbouring fields of gamma-ray bursts and radio pulsars has also off... | the physical mechanisms of fast radio bursts |
we report the transport properties of kagome superconductor csv3 sb5 single crystals at magnetic field up to 32 t. the shubnikov-de haas oscillations emerge at low temperature and four frequencies of fα=27 t , fβ=73 t , fε=727 t , and fη=786 t with relatively small cyclotron masses are observed. for fβ and fε, the berr... | quantum transport evidence of topological band structures of kagome superconductor csv3 sb5 |
current interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are limited by quantum noise over a wide range of their measurement bandwidth. one method to overcome the quantum limit is the injection of squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer's dark port. here, we report on the successful application of this quan... | increasing the astrophysical reach of the advanced virgo detector via the application of squeezed vacuum states of light |
the disk substructures at high angular resolution project (dsharp) provides a large sample of protoplanetary disks with substructures that could be induced by young forming planets. to explore the properties of planets that may be responsible for these substructures, we systematically carry out a grid of 2d hydrodynami... | the disk substructures at high angular resolution project (dsharp). vii. the planet-disk interactions interpretation |
we introduce xcold gass, a legacy survey providing a census of molecular gas in the local universe. building on the original cold gass survey, we present here the full sample of 532 galaxies with co (1-0) measurements from the iram 30 m telescope. the sample is mass-selected in the redshift interval 0.01< z< 0.05... | xcold gass: the complete iram 30 m legacy survey of molecular gas for galaxy evolution studies |
the nuclear symmetry energy characterizes the variation of the binding energy as the neutron to proton ratio of a nuclear system is varied. this is one of the most important features of nuclear physics in general, since it is just related to the two component nature of the nuclear systems. as such it is one of the most... | the nuclear symmetry energy |
hot jupiters were the first exoplanets to be discovered around main sequence stars and astonished us with their close-in orbits. they are a prime example of how exoplanets have challenged our textbook, solar-system inspired story of how planetary systems form and evolve. more than twenty years after the discovery of th... | origins of hot jupiters |
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