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56e7b60637bdd419002c43c4
Arena_Football_League
In 2010, the first year of the reconstituted league following bankruptcy, the overall attendance average decreased to 8,135, with only one team (Tampa Bay) exceeding 13,000 per game.
What team drew more than 13,000 fans per game in 2010?
{ "text": [ "Tampa Bay" ], "answer_start": [ 145 ] }
56e81e0737bdd419002c441e
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
What language is the word dialectus from?
{ "text": [ "Latin" ], "answer_start": [ 23 ] }
56e81e0737bdd419002c441f
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
From what language does the word diálektos come?
{ "text": [ "Greek" ], "answer_start": [ 68 ] }
56e81e0737bdd419002c4420
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
What does diálektos mean in English?
{ "text": [ "discourse" ], "answer_start": [ 101 ] }
56e81e0737bdd419002c4421
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
How many different types of linguistic phenomena is the term dialect used to describe?
{ "text": [ "two" ], "answer_start": [ 174 ] }
56e81e0737bdd419002c4422
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
How many distinct ways is the term dialect used?
{ "text": [ "two" ], "answer_start": [ 174 ] }
5ad25163d7d075001a428cd6
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
In how many ways is the word linguistic used to refer to different phenomena?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25163d7d075001a428cd7
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
What language does the word phenomena come from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25163d7d075001a428cd8
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
From which language does the word distinct originate?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25163d7d075001a428cd9
Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the ancient Greek word διάλεκτος diálektos, "discourse", from διά diá, "through" and λέγω legō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
Which term is used in three distinct ways?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e81e5837bdd419002c4428
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What is the common definition of dialect?
{ "text": [ "a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }
56e81e5837bdd419002c4429
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What is the term dialect most often applied to?
{ "text": [ "regional speech patterns" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
56e81e5837bdd419002c442a
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
Aside from region, what is an example of a factor that may influence dialect?
{ "text": [ "social class" ], "answer_start": [ 271 ] }
56e81e5837bdd419002c442b
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What is a term for a dialect particular to a social class?
{ "text": [ "sociolect" ], "answer_start": [ 361 ] }
56e81e5837bdd419002c442c
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What do you call a dialect particular to a certain ethnicity?
{ "text": [ "ethnolect" ], "answer_start": [ 449 ] }
5ad2520ed7d075001a428cfa
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What can a region that is associated with a particular social class be called?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2520ed7d075001a428cfb
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What can a region that is associated with a particular ethnic group be called?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2520ed7d075001a428cfc
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What can a ethnolect that is associated with a particular regional dialect be called?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2520ed7d075001a428cfd
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
What does any variety of a linguist constitute?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2520ed7d075001a428cfe
Dialect
One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a...
Which use is least common among linguists?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e81ee337bdd419002c4432
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
What is the other definition of the term dialect?
{ "text": [ "a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language" ], "answer_start": [ 26 ] }
56e81ee337bdd419002c4433
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
How does a dialect stand in relation to the standard language?
{ "text": [ "subordinate to the standard language" ], "answer_start": [ 522 ] }
56e81ee337bdd419002c4434
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
The regional Romance languages in what country are sometimes referred to as dialects?
{ "text": [ "Italy" ], "answer_start": [ 748 ] }
56e81ee337bdd419002c4435
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
What are 20th century variations on standard Italian called?
{ "text": [ "regional Italian" ], "answer_start": [ 1597 ] }
56e81ee337bdd419002c4436
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
From what language did the regional Romance languages of Italy derive?
{ "text": [ "Latin" ], "answer_start": [ 905 ] }
5ad257f5d7d075001a428da8
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
Which variation of Italian are known as national Italian?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad257f5d7d075001a428da9
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
Which language spread throughout Italy during the 19th century?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad257f5d7d075001a428daa
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
What are 19th century variations of standard Italian known as?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad257f5d7d075001a428dab
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
What are 20th century variations of standard English known as?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad257f5d7d075001a428dac
Dialect
The other usage refers to a language that is socially subordinated to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate or related to the standard language, but not actually derived from it. In this sense, unlike in the first usage, the standard language would not itself be considered a "dialect," as...
Which languages of the 19th century evolved from Vulgar Latin?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e81f4f37bdd419002c443c
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
Along with grammar and pronunciation, what distinguishes a dialect?
{ "text": [ "vocabulary" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
56e81f4f37bdd419002c443d
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
If only the pronunciation differs from the standard language, what term is sometimes used?
{ "text": [ "accent" ], "answer_start": [ 222 ] }
56e81f4f37bdd419002c443e
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
What term is sometimes used for dialects that only differ in vocabulary?
{ "text": [ "jargons" ], "answer_start": [ 300 ] }
56e81f4f37bdd419002c443f
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
Along with slangs, patois and pidgins, what is another type of smiilar speech variety?
{ "text": [ "argots" ], "answer_start": [ 401 ] }
5ad2586ad7d075001a428dbc
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
In which ways do dialects remain undistinguished?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2586ad7d075001a428dbd
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
Along with jargon and pronunciation, how is a dialect distinguished?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2586ad7d075001a428dbe
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
Along with slang and grammar, how is a dialect distinguished?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2586ad7d075001a428dbf
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
What are a few examples of varieties in prosody?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2586ad7d075001a428dc0
Dialect
A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect. Other types of speech varieties include jargons, which are c...
What is the term for differences in slang?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e820ad37bdd419002c4444
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
What is another term for a standard or standardized dialect?
{ "text": [ "standard language" ], "answer_start": [ 61 ] }
56e820ad37bdd419002c4445
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
The support of what groups results in a dialect being standardized?
{ "text": [ "institutions" ], "answer_start": [ 115 ] }
56e820ad37bdd419002c4446
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
Along with grammars and dictionaries, what publications help a dialect to become standardized?
{ "text": [ "textbooks" ], "answer_start": [ 312 ] }
56e820ad37bdd419002c4447
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
Standard Philippine English is a standard dialect of of what language?
{ "text": [ "English" ], "answer_start": [ 575 ] }
56e820ad37bdd419002c4448
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
Recognition from what body may help a dialect to become standardized?
{ "text": [ "government" ], "answer_start": [ 168 ] }
5ad25906d7d075001a428dee
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
What is the term for a dialect that remains unsupported by institutions?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25906d7d075001a428def
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
There may be only one what associated with multiple languages?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25906d7d075001a428df0
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
Standard British Canadian is an example of a dialect of which language?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25906d7d075001a428df1
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
Australian Standard English is an example of a dialect of which language?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25906d7d075001a428df2
Dialect
A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook...
Standard British Philippines is an example of a dialect of which language?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e8215937bdd419002c444e
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
What does a nonstandard dialect usually not have compared to a standard dialect?
{ "text": [ "institutional support" ], "answer_start": [ 134 ] }
56e8215937bdd419002c444f
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
What language is Scouse a dialect of?
{ "text": [ "English" ], "answer_start": [ 183 ] }
56e8215937bdd419002c4450
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
What was created for the sake of comparing English dialects?
{ "text": [ "The Dialect Test" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
56e8215937bdd419002c4451
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
Who came up with the Dialect Test?
{ "text": [ "Joseph Wright" ], "answer_start": [ 308 ] }
56e8215937bdd419002c4452
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
Along with a syntax and grammar, what attribute does a dialect possess?
{ "text": [ "vocabulary" ], "answer_start": [ 63 ] }
5ad25c9dd7d075001a428eb6
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
Unlike a standard dialect, what does a nonstandard dialect have?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25c9dd7d075001a428eb7
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
Unlike a nonstandard dialect, what does a standard dialect have?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25c9dd7d075001a428eb8
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
A nonstandard dialect usually receives what type of support?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25c9dd7d075001a428eb9
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
What are some examples of standard American English?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25c9dd7d075001a428eba
Dialect
A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wrigh...
Which test was designed by Tyke to compare different English dialects?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e821ca37bdd419002c4458
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
In what country is Limón Creole English spoken?
{ "text": [ "Costa Rica" ], "answer_start": [ 489 ] }
56e821ca37bdd419002c4459
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
On what coast of Costa Rica is Limón Creole English spoken?
{ "text": [ "Caribbean" ], "answer_start": [ 470 ] }
56e821ca37bdd419002c445a
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
Speakers of Limón Creole English are descended from people of what nationality?
{ "text": [ "Jamaican" ], "answer_start": [ 535 ] }
5ad26061d7d075001a428fce
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
How many universally accepted criterion for distinguishing between two languages from two dialects are there?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26061d7d075001a428fcf
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
Where is Jamaican Creole spoken?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26061d7d075001a428fd0
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
Who speaks Costa Rican Creole?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26061d7d075001a428fd1
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
What does the position which Costa Rican linguists oppose depend on?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26061d7d075001a428fd2
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, ...
What does the position which Jamaican linguists support depend on?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e822d000c9c71400d775cb
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
What trait is the most common way of determining if languages are dialects?
{ "text": [ "mutual intelligibility" ], "answer_start": [ 66 ] }
56e822d000c9c71400d775cc
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
What is the term for when dialects A and B are mutually intelligible, dialect B and C are mutually intelligible, but dialects A and C are not mutually intelligible?
{ "text": [ "dialect continua" ], "answer_start": [ 383 ] }
56e822d000c9c71400d775cd
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
What is the definition of mutual intelligibility?
{ "text": [ "if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other" ], "answer_start": [ 149 ] }
5ad26120d7d075001a428ffc
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
Which is the most uncommon and purely linguistic criterion?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26120d7d075001a428ffd
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
What is the term for two dialects of different languages that are intertwined?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26120d7d075001a428ffe
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
What occurs when dialect A B and C are all mutual intelligible with another?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26120d7d075001a428fff
Dialect
The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
Which is the most uncommon criterion for being a dialect of the same language?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e8239437bdd419002c445e
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
What term refers to another way in which dialects are distinguished from languages?
{ "text": [ "linguistic authority" ], "answer_start": [ 90 ] }
56e8239437bdd419002c445f
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
Under the linguistic authority criteria, what is a dialect of German along with Bavarian German?
{ "text": [ "East Franconian German" ], "answer_start": [ 481 ] }
56e8239437bdd419002c4460
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
Of what group of languages is Yiddish a member?
{ "text": [ "Middle High German" ], "answer_start": [ 677 ] }
56e8239437bdd419002c4461
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
Why is Yiddish not a dialect of German?
{ "text": [ "a Yiddish speaker would not consult a German dictionary" ], "answer_start": [ 717 ] }
5ad261dad7d075001a429076
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
A less sociolinguistic notion, what is the term for another criterion for distinguishing dialects?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad261dad7d075001a429077
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
A more sociolinguistic notion, what is the term for another criterion for distinguishing German dictionarys?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad261dad7d075001a429078
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
Under what authority would two varieties be considered dialects of different languages if they would refer to the same body with questions about their languages?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad261dad7d075001a429079
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
In which dictionary would a Yiddish speaker look for questions regarding word usage?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad261dad7d075001a42907a
Dialect
Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding ...
Which language is classified by linguists as being in the Lower High German group?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e823c700c9c71400d775d1
Dialect
By the definition most commonly used by linguists, any linguistic variety can be considered a "dialect" of some language—"everybody speaks a dialect". According to that interpretation, the criteria above merely serve to distinguish whether two varieties are dialects of the same language or dialects of different languag...
According to most linguistics, who speaks a dialect?
{ "text": [ "everybody" ], "answer_start": [ 122 ] }
5ad26260d7d075001a4290a4
Dialect
By the definition most commonly used by linguists, any linguistic variety can be considered a "dialect" of some language—"everybody speaks a dialect". According to that interpretation, the criteria above merely serve to distinguish whether two varieties are dialects of the same language or dialects of different languag...
What do only a few linguists believe people speak?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26260d7d075001a4290a5
Dialect
By the definition most commonly used by linguists, any linguistic variety can be considered a "dialect" of some language—"everybody speaks a dialect". According to that interpretation, the criteria above merely serve to distinguish whether two varieties are dialects of the same language or dialects of different languag...
According to the least used definition, what does everyone speak?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26260d7d075001a4290a6
Dialect
By the definition most commonly used by linguists, any linguistic variety can be considered a "dialect" of some language—"everybody speaks a dialect". According to that interpretation, the criteria above merely serve to distinguish whether two varieties are dialects of the same language or dialects of different languag...
What are used to distinguish between two varieties of different languages only?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26260d7d075001a4290a7
Dialect
By the definition most commonly used by linguists, any linguistic variety can be considered a "dialect" of some language—"everybody speaks a dialect". According to that interpretation, the criteria above merely serve to distinguish whether two varieties are dialects of the same language or dialects of different languag...
What does the criteria believe everybody speaks?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e8242300c9c71400d775d3
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
Who developed the abstand and ausbau languages framework?
{ "text": [ "Heinz Kloss" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }
56e8242300c9c71400d775d4
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
In what year was the abstand and ausbau framework developed?
{ "text": [ "1967" ], "answer_start": [ 29 ] }
56e8242300c9c71400d775d5
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
What sort of unification in speech communities did the abstand and ausbau framework discuss?
{ "text": [ "politically and/or culturally" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }
5ad26431d7d075001a429144
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
In which year did abstand and ausbau develop their framework?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26431d7d075001a429145
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
By who was a framework developed in 1960 for describing speech communities?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26431d7d075001a429146
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
In what year did Heinz Kloss develop a framework for describing dialects genetically?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26431d7d075001a429147
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
Who developed a framework for describing dialects genetically?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26431d7d075001a429148
Dialect
A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
What did Heinz Kloss develop a framework for in 1927?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
56e8245e37bdd419002c4466
Dialect
The terms "language" and "dialect" are not necessarily mutually exclusive: There is nothing contradictory in the statement "the language of the Pennsylvania Dutch is a dialect of German".
The language of the Pennsylvania Dutch is a dialect of what language?
{ "text": [ "German" ], "answer_start": [ 179 ] }
5ad264ead7d075001a429186
Dialect
The terms "language" and "dialect" are not necessarily mutually exclusive: There is nothing contradictory in the statement "the language of the Pennsylvania Dutch is a dialect of German".
Which terms are always mutually exclusive?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad264ead7d075001a429187
Dialect
The terms "language" and "dialect" are not necessarily mutually exclusive: There is nothing contradictory in the statement "the language of the Pennsylvania Dutch is a dialect of German".
What type of relationship do the terms Pennsylvania and Dutch have?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad264ead7d075001a429188
Dialect
The terms "language" and "dialect" are not necessarily mutually exclusive: There is nothing contradictory in the statement "the language of the Pennsylvania Dutch is a dialect of German".
Which dialect is the language of Germany?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }