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gr-qc/9602025
Jaume Garriga
Jaume Garriga
Bubble fluctuations in $\Omega<1$ inflation
17 pages, 3 figs, LaTeX, epsfig.sty, available at ftp://ftp.ifae.es/preprint/ft/uabft387.ps
Phys.Rev. D54 (1996) 4764-4769
10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4764
UAB-FT-387
gr-qc astro-ph
null
In the context of the open inflationary universe, we calculate the amplitude of quantum fluctuations which deform the bubble shape. These give rise to scalar field fluctuations in the open Friedman-Robertson-Walker universe which is contained inside the bubble. One can transform to a new gauge in which matter looks perfectly smooth, and then the perturbations behave as tensor modes (gravitational waves of very long wavelength). For $(1-\Omega)<<1$, where $\Omega$ is the density parameter, the microwave temperature anisotropies produced by these modes are of order $\delta T/T\sim H(R_0\mu l)^{-1/2} (1-\Omega)^{l/2}$. Here, $H$ is the expansion rate during inflation, $R_0$ is the intrinsic radius of the bubble at the time of nucleation, $\mu$ is the bubble wall tension and $l$ labels the different multipoles ($l>1$). The gravitational backreaction of the bubble has been ignored. In this approximation, $G\mu R_0<<1$, and the new effect can be much larger than the one due to ordinary gravitational waves generated during inflation (unless, of course, $\Omega$ gets too close to one, in which case the new effect disappears).
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Feb 1995 11:56:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Garriga", "Jaume", "" ] ]
In the context of the open inflationary universe, we calculate the amplitude of quantum fluctuations which deform the bubble shape. These give rise to scalar field fluctuations in the open Friedman-Robertson-Walker universe which is contained inside the bubble. One can transform to a new gauge in which matter looks perfectly smooth, and then the perturbations behave as tensor modes (gravitational waves of very long wavelength). For $(1-\Omega)<<1$, where $\Omega$ is the density parameter, the microwave temperature anisotropies produced by these modes are of order $\delta T/T\sim H(R_0\mu l)^{-1/2} (1-\Omega)^{l/2}$. Here, $H$ is the expansion rate during inflation, $R_0$ is the intrinsic radius of the bubble at the time of nucleation, $\mu$ is the bubble wall tension and $l$ labels the different multipoles ($l>1$). The gravitational backreaction of the bubble has been ignored. In this approximation, $G\mu R_0<<1$, and the new effect can be much larger than the one due to ordinary gravitational waves generated during inflation (unless, of course, $\Omega$ gets too close to one, in which case the new effect disappears).
1408.4203
Richard Barry
Richard A. Barry and Susan M. Scott
The Strongly Attached Point Topology of the Abstract Boundary For Space-Time
48 pages, 11 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 31(12) 125004 2014
10.1088/0264-9381/31/12/125004
null
gr-qc math.GN
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The abstract boundary construction of Scott and Szekeres provides a `boundary' for any n-dimensional, paracompact, connected, Hausdorff, smooth manifold. Singularities may then be defined as objects within this boundary. In a previous paper by the authors, a topology referred to as the attached point topology was defined for a manifold and its abstract boundary, thereby providing us with a description of how the abstract boundary is related to the underlying manifold. In this paper, a second topology, referred to as the strongly attached point topology, is presented for the abstract boundary construction. Whereas the abstract boundary was effectively disconnected from the manifold in the attached point topology, it is very much connected in the strongly attached point topology. A number of other interesting properties of the strongly attached point topology are considered, each of which support the idea that it is a very natural and appropriate topology for a manifold and its abstract boundary.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Aug 2014 03:50:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-08-20
[ [ "Barry", "Richard A.", "" ], [ "Scott", "Susan M.", "" ] ]
The abstract boundary construction of Scott and Szekeres provides a `boundary' for any n-dimensional, paracompact, connected, Hausdorff, smooth manifold. Singularities may then be defined as objects within this boundary. In a previous paper by the authors, a topology referred to as the attached point topology was defined for a manifold and its abstract boundary, thereby providing us with a description of how the abstract boundary is related to the underlying manifold. In this paper, a second topology, referred to as the strongly attached point topology, is presented for the abstract boundary construction. Whereas the abstract boundary was effectively disconnected from the manifold in the attached point topology, it is very much connected in the strongly attached point topology. A number of other interesting properties of the strongly attached point topology are considered, each of which support the idea that it is a very natural and appropriate topology for a manifold and its abstract boundary.
0909.4039
Gaurav Khanna
Gaurav Khanna, Justin McKennon
An exploration of CUDA and CBEA for a gravitational wave source-modelling application
8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems (PDCS 2009)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we accelerate a gravitational physics numerical modelling application using hardware accelerators -- Cell processor and Tesla CUDA GPU. We describe these new technologies and our approach in detail, and then present our final performance results. We obtain well over an order-of-magnitude performance gain in our application by making use of these many-core architectures.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Sep 2009 16:55:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-23
[ [ "Khanna", "Gaurav", "" ], [ "McKennon", "Justin", "" ] ]
In this paper, we accelerate a gravitational physics numerical modelling application using hardware accelerators -- Cell processor and Tesla CUDA GPU. We describe these new technologies and our approach in detail, and then present our final performance results. We obtain well over an order-of-magnitude performance gain in our application by making use of these many-core architectures.
1503.08751
Mairi Sakellariadou
Gaetano Lambiase, Mairi Sakellariadou, Antonio Stabile, Arturo Stabile
Astrophysical constraints on extended gravity models
22 pages; minor changes to match published version
JCAP 07 (2015) 003
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/07/003
KCL-PH-TH/2015-16
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the propagation of gravitational waves in the context of fourth order gravity nonminimally coupled to a massive scalar field. Using the damping of the orbital period of coalescing stellar binary systems, we impose constraints on the free parameters of extended gravity models. In particular, we find that the variation of the orbital period is a function of three mass scales which depend on the free parameters of the model under consideration; we can constrain these mass scales from current observational data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Mar 2015 17:24:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Jul 2015 17:01:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-07-10
[ [ "Lambiase", "Gaetano", "" ], [ "Sakellariadou", "Mairi", "" ], [ "Stabile", "Antonio", "" ], [ "Stabile", "Arturo", "" ] ]
We investigate the propagation of gravitational waves in the context of fourth order gravity nonminimally coupled to a massive scalar field. Using the damping of the orbital period of coalescing stellar binary systems, we impose constraints on the free parameters of extended gravity models. In particular, we find that the variation of the orbital period is a function of three mass scales which depend on the free parameters of the model under consideration; we can constrain these mass scales from current observational data.
1602.08583
Winfried Zimdahl
Eddy G.Chirinos Isidro, Cristofher Zu\~niga Vargas, Winfried Zimdahl
Simple inhomogeneous cosmological (toy) models
30 pages, 14 figures, comments and references added, accepted for publication in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/05/003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Based on the Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric we consider two flat inhomogeneous big-bang models. We aim at clarifying, as far as possible analytically, basic features of the dynamics of the simplest inhomogeneous models and to point out the potential usefulness of exact inhomogeneous solutions as generalizations of the homogeneous configurations of the cosmological standard model. We discuss explicitly partial successes but also potential pitfalls of these simplest models. Although primarily seen as toy models, the relevant free parameters are fixed by best-fit values using the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA)-sample data. On the basis of a likelihood analysis we find that a local hump with an extension of almost 2 Gpc provides a better description of the observations than a local void for which we obtain a best-fit scale of about 30 Mpc. Future redshift-drift measurements are discussed as a promising tool to discriminate between inhomogeneous configurations and the $\Lambda$CDM model.
[ { "created": "Sat, 27 Feb 2016 11:04:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Apr 2016 01:21:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-05-25
[ [ "Isidro", "Eddy G. Chirinos", "" ], [ "Vargas", "Cristofher Zuñiga", "" ], [ "Zimdahl", "Winfried", "" ] ]
Based on the Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric we consider two flat inhomogeneous big-bang models. We aim at clarifying, as far as possible analytically, basic features of the dynamics of the simplest inhomogeneous models and to point out the potential usefulness of exact inhomogeneous solutions as generalizations of the homogeneous configurations of the cosmological standard model. We discuss explicitly partial successes but also potential pitfalls of these simplest models. Although primarily seen as toy models, the relevant free parameters are fixed by best-fit values using the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA)-sample data. On the basis of a likelihood analysis we find that a local hump with an extension of almost 2 Gpc provides a better description of the observations than a local void for which we obtain a best-fit scale of about 30 Mpc. Future redshift-drift measurements are discussed as a promising tool to discriminate between inhomogeneous configurations and the $\Lambda$CDM model.
2104.08024
Alkiviadis Triantafyllopoulos
Spyros Konitopoulos, Emmanuel N. Saridakis, P. C. Stavrinos and A. Triantafyllopoulos
Dark Gravitational Sectors on a Generalized Scalar-Tensor Vector Bundle Model and Cosmological Applications
17 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Phys. Rev. D 104, 064018 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.064018
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we present the foundations of generalized scalar-tensor theories arising from vector bundle constructions, and we study the kinematic, dynamical and cosmological consequences. In particular, over a pseudo-Riemannian space-time base manifold, we define a fiber structure with two scalar fields. The resulting space is a 6-dimensional vector bundle endowed with a non-linear connection. We provide the form of the geodesics and the Raychaudhuri and general field equations, both in Palatini and metrical method. When applied at a cosmological framework, this novel geometrical structure induces extra terms in the modified Friedmann equations, leading to the appearance of an effective dark energy sector, as well as of an interaction of the dark mater sector with the metric. We show that we can obtain the standard thermal history of the universe, with the sequence of matter and dark-energy epochs, and furthermore the effective dark-energy equation-of-state parameter can lie in the quintessence or phantom regimes, or exhibit the phantom-divide crossing.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Apr 2021 10:37:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Aug 2021 12:33:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-09-15
[ [ "Konitopoulos", "Spyros", "" ], [ "Saridakis", "Emmanuel N.", "" ], [ "Stavrinos", "P. C.", "" ], [ "Triantafyllopoulos", "A.", "" ] ]
In this work we present the foundations of generalized scalar-tensor theories arising from vector bundle constructions, and we study the kinematic, dynamical and cosmological consequences. In particular, over a pseudo-Riemannian space-time base manifold, we define a fiber structure with two scalar fields. The resulting space is a 6-dimensional vector bundle endowed with a non-linear connection. We provide the form of the geodesics and the Raychaudhuri and general field equations, both in Palatini and metrical method. When applied at a cosmological framework, this novel geometrical structure induces extra terms in the modified Friedmann equations, leading to the appearance of an effective dark energy sector, as well as of an interaction of the dark mater sector with the metric. We show that we can obtain the standard thermal history of the universe, with the sequence of matter and dark-energy epochs, and furthermore the effective dark-energy equation-of-state parameter can lie in the quintessence or phantom regimes, or exhibit the phantom-divide crossing.
1404.7757
Giulio Mazzolo
G. Mazzolo, F. Salemi, M. Drago, V. Necula, C. Pankow, G. A. Prodi, V. Re, V. Tiwari, G. Vedovato, I. Yakushin, S. Klimenko
Prospects for intermediate mass black hole binary searches with advanced gravitational-wave detectors
9 pages, 4 figures, corrected the name of one author (previously misspelled)
Phys. Rev. D 90, 063002 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.063002
LIGO-P1300053
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We estimated the sensitivity of the upcoming advanced, ground-based gravitational-wave observatories (the upgraded LIGO and Virgo and the KAGRA interferometers) to coalescing intermediate mass black hole binaries (IMBHB). We added waveforms modeling the gravitational radiation emitted by IMBHBs to detectors' simulated data and searched for the injected signals with the coherent WaveBurst algorithm. The tested binary's parameter space covers non-spinning IMBHBs with source-frame total masses between 50 and 1050 $\text{M}_{\odot}$ and mass ratios between $1/6$ and 1$\,$. We found that advanced detectors could be sensitive to these systems up to a range of a few Gpc. A theoretical model was adopted to estimate the expected observation rates, yielding up to a few tens of events per year. Thus, our results indicate that advanced detectors will have a reasonable chance to collect the first direct evidence for intermediate mass black holes and open a new, intriguing channel for probing the Universe over cosmological scales.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Apr 2014 15:13:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 May 2014 07:47:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-09-17
[ [ "Mazzolo", "G.", "" ], [ "Salemi", "F.", "" ], [ "Drago", "M.", "" ], [ "Necula", "V.", "" ], [ "Pankow", "C.", "" ], [ "Prodi", "G. A.", "" ], [ "Re", "V.", "" ], [ "Tiwari", "V.", "" ], ...
We estimated the sensitivity of the upcoming advanced, ground-based gravitational-wave observatories (the upgraded LIGO and Virgo and the KAGRA interferometers) to coalescing intermediate mass black hole binaries (IMBHB). We added waveforms modeling the gravitational radiation emitted by IMBHBs to detectors' simulated data and searched for the injected signals with the coherent WaveBurst algorithm. The tested binary's parameter space covers non-spinning IMBHBs with source-frame total masses between 50 and 1050 $\text{M}_{\odot}$ and mass ratios between $1/6$ and 1$\,$. We found that advanced detectors could be sensitive to these systems up to a range of a few Gpc. A theoretical model was adopted to estimate the expected observation rates, yielding up to a few tens of events per year. Thus, our results indicate that advanced detectors will have a reasonable chance to collect the first direct evidence for intermediate mass black holes and open a new, intriguing channel for probing the Universe over cosmological scales.
1808.01044
Jeferson de Oliveira
R. D. B. Fontana, Jeferson de Oliveira, A. B. Pavan
Dynamical evolution of non-minimally coupled scalar field in spherically symmetric de Sitter spacetimes
31 pages; 11 figures, 8 tables and typos corrected
Eur.Phys.J. C79 (2019) no.4, 338, (2019-04-13)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6831-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the dynamical behavior of a scalar field non-minimally coupled to Einstein's tensor and Ricci scalar in geometries of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes. We show that the quasinormal modes remain unaffected if the scalar field is massless and the black hole is electrically chargeless. In the massive case, the coupling of both parameters produces a region of instability in the spacetime determined by the geometry and field parameters. In the Schwarzschild case, every solution for the equations of motion with $\ell>0$ has a range of values of the coupling constant that produces unstable modes. The case $\ell=0$ is the most unstable one, with a threshold value for stability in the coupling. For the charged black hole, the existence of a range of instability in $\eta$ is strongly related to geometry parameters presenting a region of stability independent of the chosen parameter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Aug 2018 23:09:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Apr 2019 13:14:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Apr 2019 15:08:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-04-25
[ [ "Fontana", "R. D. B.", "" ], [ "de Oliveira", "Jeferson", "" ], [ "Pavan", "A. B.", "" ] ]
We investigate the dynamical behavior of a scalar field non-minimally coupled to Einstein's tensor and Ricci scalar in geometries of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes. We show that the quasinormal modes remain unaffected if the scalar field is massless and the black hole is electrically chargeless. In the massive case, the coupling of both parameters produces a region of instability in the spacetime determined by the geometry and field parameters. In the Schwarzschild case, every solution for the equations of motion with $\ell>0$ has a range of values of the coupling constant that produces unstable modes. The case $\ell=0$ is the most unstable one, with a threshold value for stability in the coupling. For the charged black hole, the existence of a range of instability in $\eta$ is strongly related to geometry parameters presenting a region of stability independent of the chosen parameter.
gr-qc/9211010
null
S. Deser
Gauge (In)variance, Mass and Parity in D=3 Revisited
11 pages
Directions in general relativity, vol 2 (Cambridge U Press 1993)
null
BRX TH-341
gr-qc
null
We analyze the degree of equivalence between abelian topologically massive, gauge-invariant, vector or tensor parity doublets and their explicitly massive, non-gauge, counterparts. We establish equivalence of field equations by exploiting a generalized Stueckelberg invariance of the gauge systems. Although the respective excitation spectra and induced source-source interactions are essentially identical, there are also differences, most dramatic being those between the Einstein limits of the interactions in the tensor case: the doublets avoid the discontinuity (well-known from D=4) exhibited by Pauli-Fierz theory.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Nov 1992 17:30:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-19
[ [ "Deser", "S.", "" ] ]
We analyze the degree of equivalence between abelian topologically massive, gauge-invariant, vector or tensor parity doublets and their explicitly massive, non-gauge, counterparts. We establish equivalence of field equations by exploiting a generalized Stueckelberg invariance of the gauge systems. Although the respective excitation spectra and induced source-source interactions are essentially identical, there are also differences, most dramatic being those between the Einstein limits of the interactions in the tensor case: the doublets avoid the discontinuity (well-known from D=4) exhibited by Pauli-Fierz theory.
gr-qc/0303023
Ulvi Yurtsever
Ulvi Yurtsever
The Holographic Entropy Bound and Local Quantum Field Theory
5 pages, RevTeX, 1 eps figure
Phys.Rev.Lett. 91 (2003) 041302
10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.041302
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
The maximum entropy that can be stored in a bounded region of space is in dispute: it goes as volume, implies (non-gravitational) microphysics; it goes as the surface area, asserts the "holographic principle." Here I show how the holographic bound can be derived from elementary flat-spacetime quantum field theory when the total energy of Fock states is constrained gravitationally. This energy constraint makes the Fock space dimension (whose logarithm is the maximum entropy) finite for both Bosons and Fermions. Despite the elementary nature of my analysis, it results in an upper limit on entropy in remarkable agreement with the holographic bound.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Mar 2003 12:13:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Yurtsever", "Ulvi", "" ] ]
The maximum entropy that can be stored in a bounded region of space is in dispute: it goes as volume, implies (non-gravitational) microphysics; it goes as the surface area, asserts the "holographic principle." Here I show how the holographic bound can be derived from elementary flat-spacetime quantum field theory when the total energy of Fock states is constrained gravitationally. This energy constraint makes the Fock space dimension (whose logarithm is the maximum entropy) finite for both Bosons and Fermions. Despite the elementary nature of my analysis, it results in an upper limit on entropy in remarkable agreement with the holographic bound.
2211.08137
Zi-Yu Tang
Zi-Yu Tang, Xiao-Mei Kuang, Bin Wang, Wei-Liang Qian
Photon region and shadow of a rotating 5D black string
17 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2206.08608
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
To explore the possible clues for the extra dimension from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations, we study the shadow of the rotating 5D black string in General Relativity (GR). Instead of investigating the shadow in the effective 4D theory, we concern the motion of photons along the extra dimension $z$ with a conserved momentum $P_z$, which appears as an effective mass in the geodesic equations of photons. The existence of $P_z$ enlarges the photon regions and the shadow of the rotating 5D black string while it has slight impact on the distortion. The EHT observations of M87* and SgrA* can rule out the black string model with an infinite length along the extra dimension, and support the hypothesis that the extra dimension is compact to avoid the Gregory-Laflamme (GL) instability, where the length of the black string/the compact extra dimension can be constrained as $2.03125~\rm{mm} \lesssim \ell \lesssim 2.6~\rm{mm}$ and $2.28070~\rm{mm} \lesssim \ell \lesssim 2.6~\rm{mm}$ respectively.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2022 13:45:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-11-16
[ [ "Tang", "Zi-Yu", "" ], [ "Kuang", "Xiao-Mei", "" ], [ "Wang", "Bin", "" ], [ "Qian", "Wei-Liang", "" ] ]
To explore the possible clues for the extra dimension from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations, we study the shadow of the rotating 5D black string in General Relativity (GR). Instead of investigating the shadow in the effective 4D theory, we concern the motion of photons along the extra dimension $z$ with a conserved momentum $P_z$, which appears as an effective mass in the geodesic equations of photons. The existence of $P_z$ enlarges the photon regions and the shadow of the rotating 5D black string while it has slight impact on the distortion. The EHT observations of M87* and SgrA* can rule out the black string model with an infinite length along the extra dimension, and support the hypothesis that the extra dimension is compact to avoid the Gregory-Laflamme (GL) instability, where the length of the black string/the compact extra dimension can be constrained as $2.03125~\rm{mm} \lesssim \ell \lesssim 2.6~\rm{mm}$ and $2.28070~\rm{mm} \lesssim \ell \lesssim 2.6~\rm{mm}$ respectively.
gr-qc/9605050
Sumati
Rafael D. Sorkin (Syracuse U. & Mexico U., CEN), Sumati Surya (Syracuse U.)
An Analysis of the Representations of the Mapping Class Group of a Multi-Geon Three-Manifold
52 pages, harvmac, 2 postscript figures, epsf required. Added an appendix proving the semi-direct product structure of the MCG, corrected an error in the characterization of the slide subgroup, reworded extensively. All our analysis and conclusions remain as before
Int.J.Mod.Phys. A13 (1998) 3749-3790
10.1142/S0217751X98001761
SU-GP/9601-01
gr-qc hep-th
null
It is well known that the inequivalent unitary irreducible representations (UIR's) of the mapping class group $G$ of a 3-manifold give rise to ``theta sectors'' in theories of quantum gravity with fixed spatial topology. In this paper, we study several families of UIR's of $G$ and attempt to understand the physical implications of the resulting quantum sectors. The mapping class group of a three-manifold which is the connected sum of $\R^3$ with a finite number of identical irreducible primes is a semi-direct product group. Following Mackey's theory of induced representations, we provide an analysis of the structure of the general finite dimensional UIR of such a group. In the picture of quantized primes as particles (topological geons), this general group-theoretic analysis enables one to draw several interesting qualitative conclusions about the geons' behavior in different quantum sectors, without requiring an explicit knowledge of the UIR's corresponding to the individual primes.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 May 1996 21:39:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Jun 1997 00:53:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Sorkin", "Rafael D.", "", "Syracuse U. & Mexico U., CEN" ], [ "Surya", "Sumati", "", "Syracuse U." ] ]
It is well known that the inequivalent unitary irreducible representations (UIR's) of the mapping class group $G$ of a 3-manifold give rise to ``theta sectors'' in theories of quantum gravity with fixed spatial topology. In this paper, we study several families of UIR's of $G$ and attempt to understand the physical implications of the resulting quantum sectors. The mapping class group of a three-manifold which is the connected sum of $\R^3$ with a finite number of identical irreducible primes is a semi-direct product group. Following Mackey's theory of induced representations, we provide an analysis of the structure of the general finite dimensional UIR of such a group. In the picture of quantized primes as particles (topological geons), this general group-theoretic analysis enables one to draw several interesting qualitative conclusions about the geons' behavior in different quantum sectors, without requiring an explicit knowledge of the UIR's corresponding to the individual primes.
2303.16798
Viktor Skoup\'y
Viktor Skoup\'y, Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Lisa V. Drummond, Scott A. Hughes
Asymptotic gravitational-wave fluxes from a spinning test body on generic orbits around a Kerr black hole
19 pages, 8 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work provides gravitational wave energy and angular momentum asymptotic fluxes from a spinning body moving on generic orbits in a Kerr spacetime up to linear in spin approximation. To achieve this, we have developed a new frequency domain Teukolsky equation solver that calculates asymptotic amplitudes from generic orbits of spinning bodies with their spin aligned with the total orbital angular momentum. However, the energy and angular momentum fluxes from these orbits in the linear in spin approximation are appropriate for adiabatic models of extreme mass ratio inspirals even for spins non-aligned to the orbital angular momentum. To check the newly obtained fluxes, they were compared with already known frequency domain results for equatorial orbits and with results from a time domain Teukolsky equation solver called Teukode for off-equatorial orbits. The spinning body framework of our work is based on the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations under the Tulczyjew-Dixon spin supplementary condition.
[ { "created": "Wed, 29 Mar 2023 15:39:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-03-30
[ [ "Skoupý", "Viktor", "" ], [ "Lukes-Gerakopoulos", "Georgios", "" ], [ "Drummond", "Lisa V.", "" ], [ "Hughes", "Scott A.", "" ] ]
This work provides gravitational wave energy and angular momentum asymptotic fluxes from a spinning body moving on generic orbits in a Kerr spacetime up to linear in spin approximation. To achieve this, we have developed a new frequency domain Teukolsky equation solver that calculates asymptotic amplitudes from generic orbits of spinning bodies with their spin aligned with the total orbital angular momentum. However, the energy and angular momentum fluxes from these orbits in the linear in spin approximation are appropriate for adiabatic models of extreme mass ratio inspirals even for spins non-aligned to the orbital angular momentum. To check the newly obtained fluxes, they were compared with already known frequency domain results for equatorial orbits and with results from a time domain Teukolsky equation solver called Teukode for off-equatorial orbits. The spinning body framework of our work is based on the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations under the Tulczyjew-Dixon spin supplementary condition.
2407.17568
Erik Jensko
Erik Jensko
Spatial curvature in coincident gauge $f(Q)$ cosmology
39 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we study the Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker cosmologies with arbitrary spatial curvature for the symmetric teleparallel theories of gravity, giving the first presentation of their coincident gauge form. Our approach explicitly starts with the cosmological Killing vectors and constructs the coincident gauge coordinates adapted to these Killing vectors. We then obtain three distinct spatially flat branches and a single spatially curved branch. Contrary to some previous claims, we show that all branches of connection in the covariant approach can be studied in this gauge-fixed formalism, which offers certain conceptual advantages. Interestingly, we find that the flat and negative spatially curved solutions in $f(Q)$ gravity can be seen as equivalent to the metric teleparallel $f(T)$ theories, demonstrating a deeper connection between these theories. This is accomplished by studying the connection equation of motion, which can be interpreted as a consistency condition in the gauge-fixed approach. Finally, we discuss the role of diffeomorphism invariance and local Lorentz invariance in these geometric modifications of gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Jul 2024 18:01:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-26
[ [ "Jensko", "Erik", "" ] ]
In this work we study the Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker cosmologies with arbitrary spatial curvature for the symmetric teleparallel theories of gravity, giving the first presentation of their coincident gauge form. Our approach explicitly starts with the cosmological Killing vectors and constructs the coincident gauge coordinates adapted to these Killing vectors. We then obtain three distinct spatially flat branches and a single spatially curved branch. Contrary to some previous claims, we show that all branches of connection in the covariant approach can be studied in this gauge-fixed formalism, which offers certain conceptual advantages. Interestingly, we find that the flat and negative spatially curved solutions in $f(Q)$ gravity can be seen as equivalent to the metric teleparallel $f(T)$ theories, demonstrating a deeper connection between these theories. This is accomplished by studying the connection equation of motion, which can be interpreted as a consistency condition in the gauge-fixed approach. Finally, we discuss the role of diffeomorphism invariance and local Lorentz invariance in these geometric modifications of gravity.
1907.05758
Moorad Alexanian
Moorad Alexanian
Statistical Entropy of a Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter Black Hole
null
Armenian Journal of Physics, 2019, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 178-184
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the intrinsic entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically antide Sitter space. The statistical calculation of the entropy is based on a model for particle structure that leads to confinement. The constituents of the particle are distinguishable quasiparticles. The entropy (temperature) is less (greater) than the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically flat space. The equilibrium thermodynamic states are described by pure states, myriotic fields, and the distinguishability of the internal microstates may provide a solution to the black hole information paradox by suggesting a Bose-Einstein condensate whereby the zero mass state is a limit point (or accumulation point) of condensates on the event horizon.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Jul 2019 14:19:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-07-15
[ [ "Alexanian", "Moorad", "" ] ]
We calculate the intrinsic entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically antide Sitter space. The statistical calculation of the entropy is based on a model for particle structure that leads to confinement. The constituents of the particle are distinguishable quasiparticles. The entropy (temperature) is less (greater) than the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically flat space. The equilibrium thermodynamic states are described by pure states, myriotic fields, and the distinguishability of the internal microstates may provide a solution to the black hole information paradox by suggesting a Bose-Einstein condensate whereby the zero mass state is a limit point (or accumulation point) of condensates on the event horizon.
2009.05747
Tushar Kanti Dey
Tushar Kanti Dey and Surajit Sen
A Compendium on General Relativity for Undergraduate Students
17 pages
Physics Education (IAPT), 36/1/8 , January - March 2020
null
null
gr-qc physics.ed-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We give a pedagogical introduction of the essential features of General Theory of Relativity (GTR) in the format of an undergraduate (UG) project. A set of simple MATHEMATICA code is developed which enables the UG students to calculate the tensorial objects without prior knowledge of any package operation. The orbit equations of light and material particle in Minkowski and Schwarzschild spacetime are solved numerically to illustrate the crucial tests of GTR.
[ { "created": "Sat, 12 Sep 2020 08:23:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-15
[ [ "Dey", "Tushar Kanti", "" ], [ "Sen", "Surajit", "" ] ]
We give a pedagogical introduction of the essential features of General Theory of Relativity (GTR) in the format of an undergraduate (UG) project. A set of simple MATHEMATICA code is developed which enables the UG students to calculate the tensorial objects without prior knowledge of any package operation. The orbit equations of light and material particle in Minkowski and Schwarzschild spacetime are solved numerically to illustrate the crucial tests of GTR.
1303.1528
Kent Yagi
Kent Yagi and Nicolas Yunes
I-Love-Q Relations in Neutron Stars and their Applications to Astrophysics, Gravitational Waves and Fundamental Physics
29 pages, 16 figures; typos corrected
Phys. Rev. D 88, 023009 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.023009
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The exterior gravitational field of a slowly-rotating neutron star can be characterized by its multipole moments, the first few being the neutron star mass, moment of inertia, and quadrupole moment to quadratic order in spin. In principle, all of these quantities depend on the neutron star's internal structure, and thus, on unknown nuclear physics at supra-nuclear energy densities. We here find relations between the moment of inertia, the Love numbers and the quadrupole moment (I-Love-Q relations) that do not depend sensitively on the neutron star's internal structure. Three important consequences derive from these I-Love-Q relations. On an observational astrophysics front, the measurement of a single member of the I-Love-Q trio would automatically provide information about the other two, even when the latter may not be observationally accessible. On a gravitational wave front, the I-Love-Q relations break the degeneracy between the quadrupole moment and the neutron-star spins in binary inspiral waveforms, allowing second-generation ground-based detectors to determine the (dimensionless) averaged spin to $\mathcal{O}(10)%$, given a sufficiently large signal-to-noise ratio detection. On a fundamental physics front, the I-Love-Q relations allow for tests of General Relativity in the neutron-star strong-field that are both theory- and internal structure-independent. As an example, by combining gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations, one may constrain dynamical Chern-Simons gravity in the future by more than 6 orders of magnitude more stringently than Solar System and table-top constraints.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Mar 2013 21:00:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Sep 2013 03:46:03 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Nov 2017 16:53:50 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-12-01
[ [ "Yagi", "Kent", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ] ]
The exterior gravitational field of a slowly-rotating neutron star can be characterized by its multipole moments, the first few being the neutron star mass, moment of inertia, and quadrupole moment to quadratic order in spin. In principle, all of these quantities depend on the neutron star's internal structure, and thus, on unknown nuclear physics at supra-nuclear energy densities. We here find relations between the moment of inertia, the Love numbers and the quadrupole moment (I-Love-Q relations) that do not depend sensitively on the neutron star's internal structure. Three important consequences derive from these I-Love-Q relations. On an observational astrophysics front, the measurement of a single member of the I-Love-Q trio would automatically provide information about the other two, even when the latter may not be observationally accessible. On a gravitational wave front, the I-Love-Q relations break the degeneracy between the quadrupole moment and the neutron-star spins in binary inspiral waveforms, allowing second-generation ground-based detectors to determine the (dimensionless) averaged spin to $\mathcal{O}(10)%$, given a sufficiently large signal-to-noise ratio detection. On a fundamental physics front, the I-Love-Q relations allow for tests of General Relativity in the neutron-star strong-field that are both theory- and internal structure-independent. As an example, by combining gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations, one may constrain dynamical Chern-Simons gravity in the future by more than 6 orders of magnitude more stringently than Solar System and table-top constraints.
gr-qc/0608060
Farrukh Fattoyev Jabborovich
B. J. Ahmedov, M. J. Ermamatov
Electrical Conductivity in General Relativity
16 pages, 1 figure
Phys.Lett. 15 (2002) 137-151
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph cond-mat.other
null
The general relativistic kinetic theory including the effect of a stationary gravitational field is applied to the electromagnetic transport processes in conductors. Then it is applied to derive the general relativistic Ohm's law where the gravitomagnetic terms are incorporated. The total electric charge quantity and charge distribution inside conductors carrying conduction current in some relativistic cases are considered. The general relativistic Ohm's law is applied to predict new gravitomagnetic and gyroscopic effects which can, in principle, be used to detect the Lense-Thirring and rotational fields.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Aug 2006 16:53:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Ahmedov", "B. J.", "" ], [ "Ermamatov", "M. J.", "" ] ]
The general relativistic kinetic theory including the effect of a stationary gravitational field is applied to the electromagnetic transport processes in conductors. Then it is applied to derive the general relativistic Ohm's law where the gravitomagnetic terms are incorporated. The total electric charge quantity and charge distribution inside conductors carrying conduction current in some relativistic cases are considered. The general relativistic Ohm's law is applied to predict new gravitomagnetic and gyroscopic effects which can, in principle, be used to detect the Lense-Thirring and rotational fields.
1609.00397
Orr Sela
Orr Sela
Late-time decay of coupled electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations outside an extremal charged black hole
12 pages. Corrected typos
Phys. Rev. D 94, 084006 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.084006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we employ the results of a previous paper on the late-time decay of scalar-field perturbations of an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black hole, in order to find the late-time decay of coupled electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of this black hole. We explicitly write the late-time tails of Moncrief's gauge invariant variables and of the perturbations of the metric tensor and the electromagnetic field tensor in the Regge-Wheeler gauge. We discuss some of the consequences of the results and relations to previous works.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Sep 2016 20:27:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Oct 2016 09:21:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-10-14
[ [ "Sela", "Orr", "" ] ]
In this paper we employ the results of a previous paper on the late-time decay of scalar-field perturbations of an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black hole, in order to find the late-time decay of coupled electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of this black hole. We explicitly write the late-time tails of Moncrief's gauge invariant variables and of the perturbations of the metric tensor and the electromagnetic field tensor in the Regge-Wheeler gauge. We discuss some of the consequences of the results and relations to previous works.
1402.5656
Christian Kr\"uger
C. J. Kr\"uger, W. C. G. Ho, N. Andersson
Seismology of adolescent neutron stars: Accounting for thermal effects and crust elasticity
27 pages, 14 figures
Phys. Rev. D 92, 063009 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.063009
null
gr-qc astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the oscillations of relativistic stars, incorporating key physics associated with internal composition, thermal gradients and crust elasticity. Our aim is to develop a formalism which is able to account for the state-of-the-art understanding of the complex physics associated with these systems. As a first step, we build models using a modern equation of state including composition gradients and density discontinuities associated with internal phase-transitions (like the crust-core transition and the point where muons first appear in the core). In order to understand the nature of the oscillation spectrum, we carry out cooling simulations to provide realistic snapshots of the temperature distribution in the interior as the star evolves through adolescence. The associated thermal pressure is incorporated in the perturbation analysis, and we discuss the presence of $g$-modes arising as a result of thermal effects. We also consider interface modes due to phase-transitions and the gradual formation of the star's crust and the emergence of a set of shear modes.
[ { "created": "Sun, 23 Feb 2014 19:32:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Aug 2014 12:23:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-09-16
[ [ "Krüger", "C. J.", "" ], [ "Ho", "W. C. G.", "" ], [ "Andersson", "N.", "" ] ]
We study the oscillations of relativistic stars, incorporating key physics associated with internal composition, thermal gradients and crust elasticity. Our aim is to develop a formalism which is able to account for the state-of-the-art understanding of the complex physics associated with these systems. As a first step, we build models using a modern equation of state including composition gradients and density discontinuities associated with internal phase-transitions (like the crust-core transition and the point where muons first appear in the core). In order to understand the nature of the oscillation spectrum, we carry out cooling simulations to provide realistic snapshots of the temperature distribution in the interior as the star evolves through adolescence. The associated thermal pressure is incorporated in the perturbation analysis, and we discuss the presence of $g$-modes arising as a result of thermal effects. We also consider interface modes due to phase-transitions and the gradual formation of the star's crust and the emergence of a set of shear modes.
2307.10399
Kazuharu Bamba
Kazuharu Bamba, M. Z. Bhatti, Z. Yousaf, Z. Shoukat
Gravitational decoupling of anisotropic stars in the Brans-Dicke theory
15 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal C
null
null
FU-PCG-120
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Anisotropic spherically symmetric solutions within the framework of the Brans-Dicke theory are uncovered through a unique gravitational decoupling approach involving a minimal geometric transformation. This transformation effectively divides the Einstein field equations into two separate systems, resulting in the alteration of the radial metric component. The first system encompasses the influence of the seed source, derived from the metric functions of the isotropic Tolman IV solution. Meanwhile, the anisotropic source is subjected to two specific constraints in order to address the second system. By employing matching conditions to determine the unknown constants at the boundary of the stellar object, a comprehensive examination of the internal structure of stellar systems ensues. This investigation delves into the impact of the decoupling parameter, the Brans-Dicke parameters, and a scalar field on the structural characteristics of anisotropic spherically symmetric spacetimes, all while considering the strong energy conditions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Jul 2023 04:44:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 31 Oct 2023 09:41:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-11-01
[ [ "Bamba", "Kazuharu", "" ], [ "Bhatti", "M. Z.", "" ], [ "Yousaf", "Z.", "" ], [ "Shoukat", "Z.", "" ] ]
Anisotropic spherically symmetric solutions within the framework of the Brans-Dicke theory are uncovered through a unique gravitational decoupling approach involving a minimal geometric transformation. This transformation effectively divides the Einstein field equations into two separate systems, resulting in the alteration of the radial metric component. The first system encompasses the influence of the seed source, derived from the metric functions of the isotropic Tolman IV solution. Meanwhile, the anisotropic source is subjected to two specific constraints in order to address the second system. By employing matching conditions to determine the unknown constants at the boundary of the stellar object, a comprehensive examination of the internal structure of stellar systems ensues. This investigation delves into the impact of the decoupling parameter, the Brans-Dicke parameters, and a scalar field on the structural characteristics of anisotropic spherically symmetric spacetimes, all while considering the strong energy conditions.
2012.12032
Liliane Biskupek
Liliane Biskupek, J\"urgen M\"uller and Jean-Marie Torre
Benefit of New High-Precision LLR Data for the Determination of Relativistic Parameters
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Since 1969, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) data have been collected by various observatories and analysed by different analysis groups. In the recent years, observations with bigger telescopes (APOLLO) and at infra-red wavelength (OCA) are carried out, resulting in a better distribution of precise LLR data over the lunar orbit and the observed retro-reflectors on the Moon. This is a great advantage for various investigations in the LLR analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefit of the new LLR data for the determination of relativistic parameters. Here we show current results for relativistic parameters like a possible temporal variation of the gravitational constant $\dot{G}/G_0 = (-5.0 \pm 9.6) \times 10^{-15} \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, the equivalence principle with $\Delta\left(m_g/m_i\right)_{\mathrm{EM}} = (-2.1 \pm 2.4)\times10^{-14}$ and the PPN parameters $\beta-1 = (6.2 \pm 7.2) \times 10^{-5}$ and $\gamma-1 = (1.7 \pm 1.6) \times 10^{-4}$. The results show a significant improvement in the accuracy of the various parameters, mainly due to better coverage of the lunar orbit, better distribution of measurements over the lunar retro-reflectors, and last but not least, higher accuracy of the data. Within the estimated accuracies, no violation of Einstein's theory is found and the results set improved limits for the different effects.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Dec 2020 14:19:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-12-23
[ [ "Biskupek", "Liliane", "" ], [ "Müller", "Jürgen", "" ], [ "Torre", "Jean-Marie", "" ] ]
Since 1969, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) data have been collected by various observatories and analysed by different analysis groups. In the recent years, observations with bigger telescopes (APOLLO) and at infra-red wavelength (OCA) are carried out, resulting in a better distribution of precise LLR data over the lunar orbit and the observed retro-reflectors on the Moon. This is a great advantage for various investigations in the LLR analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefit of the new LLR data for the determination of relativistic parameters. Here we show current results for relativistic parameters like a possible temporal variation of the gravitational constant $\dot{G}/G_0 = (-5.0 \pm 9.6) \times 10^{-15} \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, the equivalence principle with $\Delta\left(m_g/m_i\right)_{\mathrm{EM}} = (-2.1 \pm 2.4)\times10^{-14}$ and the PPN parameters $\beta-1 = (6.2 \pm 7.2) \times 10^{-5}$ and $\gamma-1 = (1.7 \pm 1.6) \times 10^{-4}$. The results show a significant improvement in the accuracy of the various parameters, mainly due to better coverage of the lunar orbit, better distribution of measurements over the lunar retro-reflectors, and last but not least, higher accuracy of the data. Within the estimated accuracies, no violation of Einstein's theory is found and the results set improved limits for the different effects.
1902.05530
Vladimir Dergachev Ph.D.
Vladimir Dergachev, Maria Alessandra Papa
Sensitivity improvements in the search for periodic gravitational waves using O1 LIGO data
Updated paper title
Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 101101 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.101101
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We demonstrate a breakthrough in the capabilities of robust, broad-parameter space searches for continuous gravitational waves. With a large scale search for continuous gravitational waves on the O1 LIGO data, we prove that our Falcon search achieves the sensitivity improvements expected from the use of a long coherence length, while maintaining the computational expense within manageable bounds. On this data we set the most constraining upper limits in the gravitational wave amplitude in the band 100-200 Hz. We provide full outlier lists and upper limits near 0-spindown band suitable for analysis of signals with small spindown such as boson condensates around black holes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Feb 2019 18:13:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Apr 2019 20:56:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 May 2019 20:05:14 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Sep 2019 19:20:27 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2019-09-23
[ [ "Dergachev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Papa", "Maria Alessandra", "" ] ]
We demonstrate a breakthrough in the capabilities of robust, broad-parameter space searches for continuous gravitational waves. With a large scale search for continuous gravitational waves on the O1 LIGO data, we prove that our Falcon search achieves the sensitivity improvements expected from the use of a long coherence length, while maintaining the computational expense within manageable bounds. On this data we set the most constraining upper limits in the gravitational wave amplitude in the band 100-200 Hz. We provide full outlier lists and upper limits near 0-spindown band suitable for analysis of signals with small spindown such as boson condensates around black holes.
1105.6193
Salvatore Capozziello
S. Capozziello, G. Basini, M. De Laurentis
Deriving the mass of particles from Extended Theories of Gravity in LHC era
30 pages, 1 figure
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-011-1679-1
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive a geometrical approach to produce the mass of particles that could be suitably tested at LHC. Starting from a 5D unification scheme, we show that all the known interactions could be suitably deduced as an induced symmetry breaking of the non-unitary GL(4)-group of diffeomorphisms. The deformations inducing such a breaking act as vector bosons that, depending on the gravitational mass states, can assume the role of interaction bosons like gluons, electroweak bosons or photon. The further gravitational degrees of freedom, emerging from the reduction mechanism in 4D, eliminate the hierarchy problem since generate a cut-off comparable with electroweak one at TeV scales. In this "economic" scheme, gravity should induce the other interactions in a non-perturbative way.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 May 2011 07:56:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-28
[ [ "Capozziello", "S.", "" ], [ "Basini", "G.", "" ], [ "De Laurentis", "M.", "" ] ]
We derive a geometrical approach to produce the mass of particles that could be suitably tested at LHC. Starting from a 5D unification scheme, we show that all the known interactions could be suitably deduced as an induced symmetry breaking of the non-unitary GL(4)-group of diffeomorphisms. The deformations inducing such a breaking act as vector bosons that, depending on the gravitational mass states, can assume the role of interaction bosons like gluons, electroweak bosons or photon. The further gravitational degrees of freedom, emerging from the reduction mechanism in 4D, eliminate the hierarchy problem since generate a cut-off comparable with electroweak one at TeV scales. In this "economic" scheme, gravity should induce the other interactions in a non-perturbative way.
1506.02858
Matthew Wright
Matthew Wright
Buchdahl type inequalities in $d$-dimensions
23 pages. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Matches published version. Typos fixed, section added discussing saturation of bounds
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 215005
10.1088/0264-9381/32/21/215005
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Spherically symmetric anisotropic static compact solutions to the Einstein equations in dimension $d\geq4$ are considered. Various matter models are examined and upper bounds on the ratio of the gravitational mass to the radius in these different models are obtained. Bounds are also generalised in the presence of a non-zero charge and a positive cosmological constant. These bounds are then used to find the maximum of the gravitational redshift at the surface of the object.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Jun 2015 10:48:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Jun 2015 16:44:09 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Sep 2015 09:22:55 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-10-09
[ [ "Wright", "Matthew", "" ] ]
Spherically symmetric anisotropic static compact solutions to the Einstein equations in dimension $d\geq4$ are considered. Various matter models are examined and upper bounds on the ratio of the gravitational mass to the radius in these different models are obtained. Bounds are also generalised in the presence of a non-zero charge and a positive cosmological constant. These bounds are then used to find the maximum of the gravitational redshift at the surface of the object.
gr-qc/9910082
Daniel Cartin
Daniel Cartin
Linearized general relativity and the Lanczos potential
5 pages, LaTeX 2e
null
null
CGPG 99/10-4
gr-qc hep-th
null
Recently, there has been a revival of interest in the Lanczos potential of the Weyl conformal tensor. Previous work by Novello and Neto has been done with the linearized Lanczos potential as a model of a spin-2 field, which depends on a massless limit of the field. In this paper, we look at an action based on a massless potential, and show that it is classically equivalent to the linearized regime of general relativity, without reference to a massless limit.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Oct 1999 15:22:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Cartin", "Daniel", "" ] ]
Recently, there has been a revival of interest in the Lanczos potential of the Weyl conformal tensor. Previous work by Novello and Neto has been done with the linearized Lanczos potential as a model of a spin-2 field, which depends on a massless limit of the field. In this paper, we look at an action based on a massless potential, and show that it is classically equivalent to the linearized regime of general relativity, without reference to a massless limit.
2212.06448
Orlando Luongo
Alessio Belfiglio, Orlando Luongo, Stefano Mancini
Inflationary entanglement
16 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. D, 107, 103512 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.103512
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the entanglement due to geometric corrections in particle creation during inflation. To do so, we propose a single-field inflationary scenario, nonminimally coupled to the scalar curvature of spacetime. We require particle production to be purely geometric, setting to zero the Bogolubov coefficients and computing the $S$ matrix associated to spacetime perturbations, which are traced back to inflaton fluctuations. The corresponding particle density leads to a nonzero entanglement entropy whose effects are investigated at primordial time of Universe evolution. The possibility of modeling our particle candidate in terms of dark matter is discussed. The classical back-reaction of inhomogeneities on the homogeneous dynamical background degrees of freedom is also studied and quantified in the slow-roll regime.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Dec 2022 09:36:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 Jun 2023 16:39:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-06-05
[ [ "Belfiglio", "Alessio", "" ], [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ], [ "Mancini", "Stefano", "" ] ]
We investigate the entanglement due to geometric corrections in particle creation during inflation. To do so, we propose a single-field inflationary scenario, nonminimally coupled to the scalar curvature of spacetime. We require particle production to be purely geometric, setting to zero the Bogolubov coefficients and computing the $S$ matrix associated to spacetime perturbations, which are traced back to inflaton fluctuations. The corresponding particle density leads to a nonzero entanglement entropy whose effects are investigated at primordial time of Universe evolution. The possibility of modeling our particle candidate in terms of dark matter is discussed. The classical back-reaction of inhomogeneities on the homogeneous dynamical background degrees of freedom is also studied and quantified in the slow-roll regime.
gr-qc/0608114
Louis Rubbo
Louis J. Rubbo
When is Enough Good Enough in Gravitational Wave Source Modeling?
7 pages, 2 figures, proceedings paper for the Sixth International LISA Symposium
null
10.1063/1.2405106
null
gr-qc
null
A typical approach to developing an analysis algorithm for analyzing gravitational wave data is to assume a particular waveform and use its characteristics to formulate a detection criteria. Once a detection has been made, the algorithm uses those same characteristics to tease out parameter estimates from a given data set. While an obvious starting point, such an approach is initiated by assuming a single, correct model for the waveform regardless of the signal strength, observation length, noise, etc. This paper introduces the method of Bayesian model selection as a way to select the most plausible waveform model from a set of models given the data and prior information. The discussion is done in the scientific context for the proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Aug 2006 17:15:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Rubbo", "Louis J.", "" ] ]
A typical approach to developing an analysis algorithm for analyzing gravitational wave data is to assume a particular waveform and use its characteristics to formulate a detection criteria. Once a detection has been made, the algorithm uses those same characteristics to tease out parameter estimates from a given data set. While an obvious starting point, such an approach is initiated by assuming a single, correct model for the waveform regardless of the signal strength, observation length, noise, etc. This paper introduces the method of Bayesian model selection as a way to select the most plausible waveform model from a set of models given the data and prior information. The discussion is done in the scientific context for the proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
gr-qc/0005114
Tomohiro Harada
Tomohiro Harada (Waseda U.), Hideo Iguchi (Osaka U.), and Ken-ichi Nakao (Osaka City U.)
Power, energy, and spectrum of a naked singularity explosion
34 pages, 13 postscript figures included, to appear in Phys. Rev. D, grammatical errors corrected
Phys.Rev. D62 (2000) 084037
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.084037
WU-AP/98/00, OU-TAP 137, OCU-PHYS-174
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th quant-ph
null
Naked singularity occurs in the gravitational collapse of an inhomogeneous dust ball from an initial density profile which is physically reasonable. We show that explosive radiation is emitted during the formation process of the naked singularity. The energy flux is proportional to $(t_{\rm CH}-t)^{-3/2}$ for a minimally coupled massless scalar field, while is proportional to $(t_{\rm CH}-t)^{-1}$ for a conformally coupled massless scalar field, where $t_{\rm CH}-t$ is the `remained time' until the distant observer could observe the singularity if the naked singularity was formed. As a consequence, the radiated energy grows unboundedly for both scalar fields. The amount of the power and the energy depends on parameters which characterize the initial density profile but do not depend on the gravitational mass of the cloud. In particular, there is characteristic frequency $\nu_{s}$ of singularity above which the divergent energy is radiated. The energy flux is dominated by particles of which the wave length is about $t_{\rm CH}-t$ at each moment. The observed total spectrum is nonthermal, i.e., $\nu dN/d\nu \sim (\nu/\nu_{s})^{-1}$ for $\nu>\nu_{s}$. If the naked singularity formation could continue until a considerable fraction of the total energy of the dust cloud is radiated, the radiated energy would reach about $10^{54}(M/M_{\odot})$ erg. The calculations are based on the geometrical optics approximation which turns out to be consistent as a rough order estimate. The analysis does not depend on whether or not the naked singularity occurs in its exact meaning. This phenomenon may provide a new candidate for a source of ultra high energy cosmic rays or a central engine of gamma ray bursts.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 May 2000 06:32:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Jul 2000 10:26:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Harada", "Tomohiro", "", "Waseda U." ], [ "Iguchi", "Hideo", "", "Osaka U." ], [ "Nakao", "Ken-ichi", "", "Osaka City U." ] ]
Naked singularity occurs in the gravitational collapse of an inhomogeneous dust ball from an initial density profile which is physically reasonable. We show that explosive radiation is emitted during the formation process of the naked singularity. The energy flux is proportional to $(t_{\rm CH}-t)^{-3/2}$ for a minimally coupled massless scalar field, while is proportional to $(t_{\rm CH}-t)^{-1}$ for a conformally coupled massless scalar field, where $t_{\rm CH}-t$ is the `remained time' until the distant observer could observe the singularity if the naked singularity was formed. As a consequence, the radiated energy grows unboundedly for both scalar fields. The amount of the power and the energy depends on parameters which characterize the initial density profile but do not depend on the gravitational mass of the cloud. In particular, there is characteristic frequency $\nu_{s}$ of singularity above which the divergent energy is radiated. The energy flux is dominated by particles of which the wave length is about $t_{\rm CH}-t$ at each moment. The observed total spectrum is nonthermal, i.e., $\nu dN/d\nu \sim (\nu/\nu_{s})^{-1}$ for $\nu>\nu_{s}$. If the naked singularity formation could continue until a considerable fraction of the total energy of the dust cloud is radiated, the radiated energy would reach about $10^{54}(M/M_{\odot})$ erg. The calculations are based on the geometrical optics approximation which turns out to be consistent as a rough order estimate. The analysis does not depend on whether or not the naked singularity occurs in its exact meaning. This phenomenon may provide a new candidate for a source of ultra high energy cosmic rays or a central engine of gamma ray bursts.
2107.14618
Mohamed Ibrahim Nouh
A. S. Saad, M. I. Nouh, A. A. Shaker and T. M. Kamel
Stability Analysis of Relativistic Polytropes
24 pages, 6 figures
null
10.22201/ia.01851101p.2021.57.02.13
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A main question in astrophysics and cosmology has been the severe stability of the astrophysical objects, whether a particular equilibrium configuration is stable. In this article, we study the relativistic self-gravitating, hydrostatic spheres with a polytropic equation of state , considering structures with the polytropic indices and illustrates the results for the relativistic parameters . We determined the critical relativistic parameter at which the mass of the polytrope has a maximum value and represents the first mode of radial instability. For n=1 (0.5)-2.5, stable relativistic polytropes occur for less than the critical values 0.42, 0.20, 0.10, and 0.04 respectively, while unstable relativistic polytropes are obtained when the relativistic parameter is greater than the same values. When n=3.0 and, energetically unstable solutions have occurred. The results of critical values obtained in this paper for different polytropic indices are in full agreement with those evaluated by several authors. Comparisons between analytical and numerical solutions of the given relativistic functions provide a maximum relative error of order.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Jul 2021 04:09:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-03-23
[ [ "Saad", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Nouh", "M. I.", "" ], [ "Shaker", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Kamel", "T. M.", "" ] ]
A main question in astrophysics and cosmology has been the severe stability of the astrophysical objects, whether a particular equilibrium configuration is stable. In this article, we study the relativistic self-gravitating, hydrostatic spheres with a polytropic equation of state , considering structures with the polytropic indices and illustrates the results for the relativistic parameters . We determined the critical relativistic parameter at which the mass of the polytrope has a maximum value and represents the first mode of radial instability. For n=1 (0.5)-2.5, stable relativistic polytropes occur for less than the critical values 0.42, 0.20, 0.10, and 0.04 respectively, while unstable relativistic polytropes are obtained when the relativistic parameter is greater than the same values. When n=3.0 and, energetically unstable solutions have occurred. The results of critical values obtained in this paper for different polytropic indices are in full agreement with those evaluated by several authors. Comparisons between analytical and numerical solutions of the given relativistic functions provide a maximum relative error of order.
2309.04991
Sayantan Dey
Sayantan Dey
Stability analysis for a cosmologically viable model of $f(R)$ gravity
9 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In recent times, there has been an increasing interest with theories of modified gravity as a means to gain a deeper understanding of the universe's late-time acceleration phase. In this study we focused our attention on a specific cosmologically viable $f(R)$ model. We performed a dynamic stability analysis of this model, revealing that the model supports presence of just one asymptotically stable solution which can explain the present-day acceleration of the universe.
[ { "created": "Sun, 10 Sep 2023 10:53:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-12
[ [ "Dey", "Sayantan", "" ] ]
In recent times, there has been an increasing interest with theories of modified gravity as a means to gain a deeper understanding of the universe's late-time acceleration phase. In this study we focused our attention on a specific cosmologically viable $f(R)$ model. We performed a dynamic stability analysis of this model, revealing that the model supports presence of just one asymptotically stable solution which can explain the present-day acceleration of the universe.
1611.09970
Hernando Quevedo
Christine Gruber and Hernando Quevedo
Geometrothermodynamic model for the evolution of the Universe
5 latex pages
JCAP 07 (2017) 032
10.1088/1475-7516/2017/07/032
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using the formalism of geometrothermodynamics to derive a fundamental thermodynamic equation, we construct a cosmological model in the framework of relativistic cosmology. In a first step, we describe a system without thermodynamic interaction, and show it to be equivalent to the standard $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. The second step includes thermodynamic interaction and produces a model consistent with the main features of inflation. With the proposed fundamental equation we are thus able to describe all the known epochs in the evolution of our Universe, starting from the inflationary phase.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Nov 2016 02:06:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-08-25
[ [ "Gruber", "Christine", "" ], [ "Quevedo", "Hernando", "" ] ]
Using the formalism of geometrothermodynamics to derive a fundamental thermodynamic equation, we construct a cosmological model in the framework of relativistic cosmology. In a first step, we describe a system without thermodynamic interaction, and show it to be equivalent to the standard $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. The second step includes thermodynamic interaction and produces a model consistent with the main features of inflation. With the proposed fundamental equation we are thus able to describe all the known epochs in the evolution of our Universe, starting from the inflationary phase.
gr-qc/0305076
Pascual-Sanchez J.-F.
J.-F. Pascual-S\'anchez, A. San Miguel, F. Vicente (Univ. de Valladolid)
Isotropy of the velocity of light and the Sagnac effect
LaTeX, 13 pages, 3 eps figures; typos corrected, added references, minor changes; to appear in "Relativity in Rotating Frames", ed. G. Rizzi G. and M.L. Ruggiero, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2003)
null
null
null
gr-qc physics.class-ph
null
In this paper, it is shown, using a geometrical approach, the isotropy of the velocity of light measured in a rotating frame in Minkowski space-time, and it is verified that this result is compatible with the Sagnac effect. Furthermore, we find that this problem can be reduced to the solution of geodesic triangles in a Minkowskian cylinder. A relationship between the problems established on the cylinder and on the Minkowskian plane is obtained through a local isometry.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 May 2003 12:42:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 May 2003 12:17:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Jun 2003 12:35:00 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 Jun 2003 12:38:40 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Pascual-Sánchez", "J. -F.", "", "Univ. de\n Valladolid" ], [ "Miguel", "A. San", "", "Univ. de\n Valladolid" ], [ "Vicente", "F.", "", "Univ. de\n Valladolid" ] ]
In this paper, it is shown, using a geometrical approach, the isotropy of the velocity of light measured in a rotating frame in Minkowski space-time, and it is verified that this result is compatible with the Sagnac effect. Furthermore, we find that this problem can be reduced to the solution of geodesic triangles in a Minkowskian cylinder. A relationship between the problems established on the cylinder and on the Minkowskian plane is obtained through a local isometry.
2106.16114
Sarbari Guha Dr.
Samarjit Chakraborty, Sarbari Guha, Rituparno Goswami
How appropriate are the gravitational entropy proposals for traversable wormholes?
29 pages, 38 figures
General Relativity and Gravitation (2022)
10.1007/s10714-022-02934-3
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper we have examined the validity of some proposed definitions of gravitational entropy (GE) in the context of traversable wormhole solutions of the Einstein field equations. Here we have adopted two different proposals of GE and checked for their applicability in the case of these wormholes. The first one is the phenomenological approach proposed by Rudjord et al \cite{entropy1} and expanded by Romero et al in \cite{entropy2}, which is a purely geometric method of measuring gravitational entropy. The latter one is the Clifton-Ellis-Tavakol (CET) proposal \cite{CET} for the gravitational entropy which arises in relativistic thermodynamics and is based on the Bel-Robinson tensor, which represents the effective super-energy-momentum tensor of free gravitational fields. Considering some of the Lorentzian traversable wormholes along with the Brill solution for NUT wormholes and the AdS wormholes, we have evaluated the gravitational entropy for these systems. Incidentally, the application of the CET proposal can provide unique gravitational entropies for spacetimes of Petrov type D and N only, whereas the geometric method can be applied to almost every kind of spacetime, although it has no relation with thermodynamics. For any traversable wormhole to be physically realistic, it should have a viable GE. We found that the GE proposals do give us a consistent measure of GE in several of them. This means that the existence of a viable gravitational entropy strictly depends on its definition.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Jun 2021 15:10:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Mar 2022 18:45:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-06-01
[ [ "Chakraborty", "Samarjit", "" ], [ "Guha", "Sarbari", "" ], [ "Goswami", "Rituparno", "" ] ]
In this paper we have examined the validity of some proposed definitions of gravitational entropy (GE) in the context of traversable wormhole solutions of the Einstein field equations. Here we have adopted two different proposals of GE and checked for their applicability in the case of these wormholes. The first one is the phenomenological approach proposed by Rudjord et al \cite{entropy1} and expanded by Romero et al in \cite{entropy2}, which is a purely geometric method of measuring gravitational entropy. The latter one is the Clifton-Ellis-Tavakol (CET) proposal \cite{CET} for the gravitational entropy which arises in relativistic thermodynamics and is based on the Bel-Robinson tensor, which represents the effective super-energy-momentum tensor of free gravitational fields. Considering some of the Lorentzian traversable wormholes along with the Brill solution for NUT wormholes and the AdS wormholes, we have evaluated the gravitational entropy for these systems. Incidentally, the application of the CET proposal can provide unique gravitational entropies for spacetimes of Petrov type D and N only, whereas the geometric method can be applied to almost every kind of spacetime, although it has no relation with thermodynamics. For any traversable wormhole to be physically realistic, it should have a viable GE. We found that the GE proposals do give us a consistent measure of GE in several of them. This means that the existence of a viable gravitational entropy strictly depends on its definition.
1404.1750
Carlo Rovelli
Seramika Ariwahjoedi, Jusak Sali Kosasih, Carlo Rovelli, Freddy P. Zen
How many quanta are there in a quantum spacetime?
16 pages, 9 figures
null
10.1088/0264-9381/32/16/165019
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Following earlier insights by Livine and Terno, we develop a technique for describing quantum states of the gravitational field in terms of coarse grained spin networks. We show that the number of nodes and links and the values of the spin depend on the observables chosen for the description of the state. Hence the question in the title of this paper is ill posed, unless further information about what is been measured is given.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Apr 2014 11:28:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-08-26
[ [ "Ariwahjoedi", "Seramika", "" ], [ "Kosasih", "Jusak Sali", "" ], [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ], [ "Zen", "Freddy P.", "" ] ]
Following earlier insights by Livine and Terno, we develop a technique for describing quantum states of the gravitational field in terms of coarse grained spin networks. We show that the number of nodes and links and the values of the spin depend on the observables chosen for the description of the state. Hence the question in the title of this paper is ill posed, unless further information about what is been measured is given.
gr-qc/0508096
R\'ejean J. Dupuis
R\'ejean J. Dupuis and Graham Woan
Bayesian estimation of pulsar parameters from gravitational wave data
9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted to Phys. Rev. D. A few small changes from previous version
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 102002
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.102002
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We present a method of searching for, and parameterizing, signals from known radio pulsars in data from interferometric gravitational wave detectors. This method has been applied to data from the LIGO and GEO 600 detectors to set upper limits on the gravitational wave emission from several radio pulsars. Here we discuss the nature of the signal and the performance of the technique on simulated data. We show how to perform a coherent multiple detector analysis and give some insight in the covariance between the signal parameters.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Aug 2005 15:07:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Oct 2005 19:06:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-05-29
[ [ "Dupuis", "Réjean J.", "" ], [ "Woan", "Graham", "" ] ]
We present a method of searching for, and parameterizing, signals from known radio pulsars in data from interferometric gravitational wave detectors. This method has been applied to data from the LIGO and GEO 600 detectors to set upper limits on the gravitational wave emission from several radio pulsars. Here we discuss the nature of the signal and the performance of the technique on simulated data. We show how to perform a coherent multiple detector analysis and give some insight in the covariance between the signal parameters.
2212.03168
Marek Li\v{s}ka
Ana Alonso-Serrano, Marek Li\v{s}ka
Emergence of quadratic gravity from entanglement equilibrium
8 pages, 1 figure. Matches the version accepted in PRD
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we derive the linearised equations of quadratic gravity from entanglement equilibrium of local causal diamonds. Rather than starting from the Wald entropy prescription (which depends on the gravitational Lagrangian), we employ a model independent approach based on the logarithmic corrections to horizon entanglement entropy. In this way, we are able to show the emergence of linearised quadratic gravity from entanglement equilibrium without using any a priori knowledge about gravitational dynamics. If the logarithmic correction to entropy has a negative sign, as predicted by replica trick calculations of entanglement entropy, we find that the quadratic gravity correction terms have the sign necessary to avoid tachyonic instabilities of the theory.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Dec 2022 17:43:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Oct 2023 09:23:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-10-17
[ [ "Alonso-Serrano", "Ana", "" ], [ "Liška", "Marek", "" ] ]
In this work, we derive the linearised equations of quadratic gravity from entanglement equilibrium of local causal diamonds. Rather than starting from the Wald entropy prescription (which depends on the gravitational Lagrangian), we employ a model independent approach based on the logarithmic corrections to horizon entanglement entropy. In this way, we are able to show the emergence of linearised quadratic gravity from entanglement equilibrium without using any a priori knowledge about gravitational dynamics. If the logarithmic correction to entropy has a negative sign, as predicted by replica trick calculations of entanglement entropy, we find that the quadratic gravity correction terms have the sign necessary to avoid tachyonic instabilities of the theory.
gr-qc/0512073
David D. Reid
Raluca Ilie, Gregory B. Thompson, and David D. Reid
A numerical study of the correspondence between paths in a causal set and geodesics in the continuum
To the celebration of the 60th birthday of Rafael D. Sorkin
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 3275-3286
10.1088/0264-9381/23/10/002
null
gr-qc
null
This paper presents the results of a computational study related to the path-geodesic correspondence in causal sets. For intervals in flat spacetimes, and in selected curved spacetimes, we present evidence that the longest maximal chains (the longest paths) in the corresponding causal set intervals statistically approach the geodesic for that interval in the appropriate continuum limit.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Dec 2005 13:19:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Ilie", "Raluca", "" ], [ "Thompson", "Gregory B.", "" ], [ "Reid", "David D.", "" ] ]
This paper presents the results of a computational study related to the path-geodesic correspondence in causal sets. For intervals in flat spacetimes, and in selected curved spacetimes, we present evidence that the longest maximal chains (the longest paths) in the corresponding causal set intervals statistically approach the geodesic for that interval in the appropriate continuum limit.
2307.07360
Che-Yu Chen
Che-Yu Chen, Petr Kotla\v{r}\'ik
Quasinormal modes of black holes encircled by a gravitating thin disk
14 pages, 10 figures. Matching published version
Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 064052
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.064052
RIKEN-iTHEMS-Report-23
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The ringdown phase of gravitational waves emitted by a perturbed black hole is described by a superposition of exponentially decaying sinusoidal modes, called quasinormal modes (QNMs), whose frequencies depend only on the property of the black hole geometry. The extraction of QNM frequencies of an isolated black hole would allow for testing how well the black hole is described by general relativity. However, astrophysical black holes are not isolated. It remains unclear whether the extra matter surrounding the black holes such as accretion disks would affect the validity of the black hole spectroscopy when the gravitational effects of the disks are taken into account. In this paper, we study the QNMs of a Schwarzschild black hole superposed with a gravitating thin disk. Considering up to the first order of the mass ratio between the disk and the black hole, we find that the existence of the disk would decrease the oscillating frequency and the decay rate. In addition, within the parameter space where the disk model can be regarded as physical, there seems to be a universal relation that the QNM frequencies tend to obey. The relation, if it holds generically, would assist in disentangling the QNM shifts caused by the disk contributions from those induced by other putative effects beyond general relativity. The QNMs in the eikonal limit, as well as their correspondence with bound photon orbits in this model, are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Jul 2023 14:05:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Oct 2023 15:27:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-10-04
[ [ "Chen", "Che-Yu", "" ], [ "Kotlařík", "Petr", "" ] ]
The ringdown phase of gravitational waves emitted by a perturbed black hole is described by a superposition of exponentially decaying sinusoidal modes, called quasinormal modes (QNMs), whose frequencies depend only on the property of the black hole geometry. The extraction of QNM frequencies of an isolated black hole would allow for testing how well the black hole is described by general relativity. However, astrophysical black holes are not isolated. It remains unclear whether the extra matter surrounding the black holes such as accretion disks would affect the validity of the black hole spectroscopy when the gravitational effects of the disks are taken into account. In this paper, we study the QNMs of a Schwarzschild black hole superposed with a gravitating thin disk. Considering up to the first order of the mass ratio between the disk and the black hole, we find that the existence of the disk would decrease the oscillating frequency and the decay rate. In addition, within the parameter space where the disk model can be regarded as physical, there seems to be a universal relation that the QNM frequencies tend to obey. The relation, if it holds generically, would assist in disentangling the QNM shifts caused by the disk contributions from those induced by other putative effects beyond general relativity. The QNMs in the eikonal limit, as well as their correspondence with bound photon orbits in this model, are briefly discussed.
gr-qc/9906068
Carsten Gundlach
C. Gundlach and J. M. Martin-Garcia
Gauge-invariant and coordinate-independent perturbations of stellar collapse I: the interior
21 pages, RevTex
Phys.Rev. D61 (2000) 084024
10.1103/PhysRevD.61.084024
null
gr-qc
null
Small non-spherical perturbations of a spherically symmetric but time-dependent background spacetime can be used to model situations of astrophysical interest, for example the production of gravitational waves in a supernova explosion. We allow for perfect fluid matter with an arbitrary equation of state p=p(rho,s), coupled to general relativity. Applying a general framework proposed by Gerlach and Sengupta, we obtain covariant field equations, in a 2+2 reduction of the spacetime, for the background and a complete set of gauge-invariant perturbations, and then scalarize them using the natural frame provided by the fluid. Building on previous work by Seidel, we identify a set of true perturbation degrees of freedom admitting free initial data for the axial and for the l>1 polar perturbations. The true degrees of freedom are evolved among themselves by a set of coupled wave and transport equations, while the remaining degrees of freedom can be obtained by quadratures. The polar l=0,1 perturbations are discussed in the same framework. They require gauge fixing and do not admit an unconstrained evolution scheme.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Jun 1999 21:56:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Gundlach", "C.", "" ], [ "Martin-Garcia", "J. M.", "" ] ]
Small non-spherical perturbations of a spherically symmetric but time-dependent background spacetime can be used to model situations of astrophysical interest, for example the production of gravitational waves in a supernova explosion. We allow for perfect fluid matter with an arbitrary equation of state p=p(rho,s), coupled to general relativity. Applying a general framework proposed by Gerlach and Sengupta, we obtain covariant field equations, in a 2+2 reduction of the spacetime, for the background and a complete set of gauge-invariant perturbations, and then scalarize them using the natural frame provided by the fluid. Building on previous work by Seidel, we identify a set of true perturbation degrees of freedom admitting free initial data for the axial and for the l>1 polar perturbations. The true degrees of freedom are evolved among themselves by a set of coupled wave and transport equations, while the remaining degrees of freedom can be obtained by quadratures. The polar l=0,1 perturbations are discussed in the same framework. They require gauge fixing and do not admit an unconstrained evolution scheme.
gr-qc/9708023
null
B. L. Hu and K. Shiokawa
Wave Propagation in Stochastic Spacetimes: Localization, Amplification and Particle Creation
26 pages, 1 Postscript figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. D on July 29, 1997
Phys. Rev. D 57, 3474 (1998)
10.1103/PhysRevD.57.3474
umdpp 97-125
gr-qc cond-mat
null
Here we study novel effects associated with electromagnetic wave propagation in a Robertson-Walker universe and the Schwarzschild spacetime with a small amount of metric stochasticity. We find that localization of electromagnetic waves occurs in a Robertson-Walker universe with time-independent metric stochasticity, while time-dependent metric stochasticity induces exponential instability in the particle production rate. For the Schwarzschild metric, time-independent randomness can decrease the total luminosity of Hawking radiation due to multiple scattering of waves outside the black hole and gives rise to event horizon fluctuations and thus fluctuations in the Hawking temperature.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Aug 1997 01:30:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-25
[ [ "Hu", "B. L.", "" ], [ "Shiokawa", "K.", "" ] ]
Here we study novel effects associated with electromagnetic wave propagation in a Robertson-Walker universe and the Schwarzschild spacetime with a small amount of metric stochasticity. We find that localization of electromagnetic waves occurs in a Robertson-Walker universe with time-independent metric stochasticity, while time-dependent metric stochasticity induces exponential instability in the particle production rate. For the Schwarzschild metric, time-independent randomness can decrease the total luminosity of Hawking radiation due to multiple scattering of waves outside the black hole and gives rise to event horizon fluctuations and thus fluctuations in the Hawking temperature.
1604.05415
Edward Anderson
Edward Anderson
On Types of Observables in Constrained Theories
12 pages, including 5 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Kuchar observables notion is shown to apply only to a limited range of theories. Relational mechanics, slightly inhomogeneous cosmology and supergravity are used as examples that require further notions of observables. A suitably general notion of A-observables is then given to cover all of these cases. `A' here stands for `algebraic substructure'; A-observables can be defined by association with each closed algebraic substructure of a theory's constraints. Both constrained algebraic structures and associated notions of A-observables form bounded lattices.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Apr 2016 03:07:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-04-20
[ [ "Anderson", "Edward", "" ] ]
The Kuchar observables notion is shown to apply only to a limited range of theories. Relational mechanics, slightly inhomogeneous cosmology and supergravity are used as examples that require further notions of observables. A suitably general notion of A-observables is then given to cover all of these cases. `A' here stands for `algebraic substructure'; A-observables can be defined by association with each closed algebraic substructure of a theory's constraints. Both constrained algebraic structures and associated notions of A-observables form bounded lattices.
1311.2573
\"Ozg\"ur Akarsu
Ozgur Akarsu, Tekin Dereli, Neslihan Oflaz
Accelerating anisotropic cosmologies in Brans-Dicke gravity coupled to a mass-varying vector field
15 pages, no figures and tables; matches the version published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Classical and Quantum Gravity 31 (2014) 045020
10.1088/0264-9381/31/4/045020
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The field equations of Brans-Dicke gravity coupled to a mass-varying vector field are derived. Anisotropic cosmological solutions with a locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type I metric and time-dependent scalar and electric vector fields are studied. A particular class of exact solutions for which all the variable parameters have a power-law time dependence is given. The universe expands with a constant expansion anisotropy within this class of solutions. We show that the accelerating expansion is driven by the scalar field and the electric vector field can be interpreted as an anisotropic dark matter source.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Nov 2013 20:40:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Jan 2014 16:32:06 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Feb 2014 13:02:52 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-02-05
[ [ "Akarsu", "Ozgur", "" ], [ "Dereli", "Tekin", "" ], [ "Oflaz", "Neslihan", "" ] ]
The field equations of Brans-Dicke gravity coupled to a mass-varying vector field are derived. Anisotropic cosmological solutions with a locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type I metric and time-dependent scalar and electric vector fields are studied. A particular class of exact solutions for which all the variable parameters have a power-law time dependence is given. The universe expands with a constant expansion anisotropy within this class of solutions. We show that the accelerating expansion is driven by the scalar field and the electric vector field can be interpreted as an anisotropic dark matter source.
2108.12368
Katerina Chatziioannou
Katerina Chatziioannou
Uncertainty limits on neutron star radius measurements with gravitational waves
5 pages, 3 figures, published version
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.084021
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE nucl-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Upcoming observing campaigns with improved detectors will yield numerous detections of gravitational waves from neutron star binary inspirals. Rare loud signals together with numerous signals of moderate strength promise stringent constraints on the properties of neutron star matter, with a projected radius statistical uncertainty of $50-200$m with ${\cal{O}}(2000)$ sources. Given this precision we revisit all analysis assumptions and identify sources of systematic errors, quantify their impact on radius extraction, and discuss their relative importance and ways to mitigate them.
[ { "created": "Fri, 27 Aug 2021 16:02:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Apr 2022 17:18:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-04-15
[ [ "Chatziioannou", "Katerina", "" ] ]
Upcoming observing campaigns with improved detectors will yield numerous detections of gravitational waves from neutron star binary inspirals. Rare loud signals together with numerous signals of moderate strength promise stringent constraints on the properties of neutron star matter, with a projected radius statistical uncertainty of $50-200$m with ${\cal{O}}(2000)$ sources. Given this precision we revisit all analysis assumptions and identify sources of systematic errors, quantify their impact on radius extraction, and discuss their relative importance and ways to mitigate them.
2102.10479
Shao-Jun Zhang
Shao-Jun Zhang
Massive scalar field perturbation on Kerr black holes in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity
v1:14 pages, 4 figures;v2: minor modification, refs added. v3: minor modification, more refs, match published version
Eur.Phys.J.C 81 (2021) 5, 441
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09249-8
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study massive scalar field perturbation on Kerr black holes in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity by performing a $(2+1)$-dimensional simulation. Object pictures of the wave dynamics in time domain are obtained. The tachyonic instability is found to always occur for any nonzero black hole spin and any scalar field mass as long as the coupling constant exceeds a critical value. The presence of the mass term suppresses or even quenches the instability. The quantitative dependence of the onset of the tachyonic instability on the coupling constant, the scalar field mass and the black hole spin is given numerically.
[ { "created": "Sun, 21 Feb 2021 00:04:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Mar 2021 07:10:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 27 May 2021 12:10:21 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-05-28
[ [ "Zhang", "Shao-Jun", "" ] ]
We study massive scalar field perturbation on Kerr black holes in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity by performing a $(2+1)$-dimensional simulation. Object pictures of the wave dynamics in time domain are obtained. The tachyonic instability is found to always occur for any nonzero black hole spin and any scalar field mass as long as the coupling constant exceeds a critical value. The presence of the mass term suppresses or even quenches the instability. The quantitative dependence of the onset of the tachyonic instability on the coupling constant, the scalar field mass and the black hole spin is given numerically.
2305.02726
Serge Parnovsky
S L Parnovsky
Is the Universe anisotropic right now? Comparing the real Universe with the Kasner's space-time
18 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate possible astronomical manifestations of space-time anisotropy. The homogeneous vacuum Kasner solution was chosen as a reference anisotropic cosmological model because there are no effects caused by inhomogeneity in this simple model with a constant degree of anisotropy. This anisotropy cannot become weak. The study of its geodesic structure made it possible to clarify the properties of this space-time. It showed that the degree of manifestation of anisotropy varies significantly depending on the travel time of the light from the observed object. For nearby objects, for which it does not exceed half the age of the universe, the manifestations of anisotropy are very small. Distant objects show more pronounced manifestations, for example, in the distribution of objects over the sky and over photometric distances. These effects for each of the individual objects decrease with time, but in general, the manifestations of anisotropy in the Kasner space-time remain constant due to the fact that new sources emerging from beyond the cosmological horizon.We analyse observable signatures of the Kasner-type anisotropy and compare it to observations. These effects were not found in astronomical observations, including the study of the CMB. We can assume that the Universe has always been isotropic or almost isotropic since the recombination era. This does not exclude the possibility of its significant anisotropy at the moment of the Big Bang followed by rapid isotropization during the inflationary epoch.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 May 2023 10:48:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 28 May 2023 15:49:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-30
[ [ "Parnovsky", "S L", "" ] ]
We investigate possible astronomical manifestations of space-time anisotropy. The homogeneous vacuum Kasner solution was chosen as a reference anisotropic cosmological model because there are no effects caused by inhomogeneity in this simple model with a constant degree of anisotropy. This anisotropy cannot become weak. The study of its geodesic structure made it possible to clarify the properties of this space-time. It showed that the degree of manifestation of anisotropy varies significantly depending on the travel time of the light from the observed object. For nearby objects, for which it does not exceed half the age of the universe, the manifestations of anisotropy are very small. Distant objects show more pronounced manifestations, for example, in the distribution of objects over the sky and over photometric distances. These effects for each of the individual objects decrease with time, but in general, the manifestations of anisotropy in the Kasner space-time remain constant due to the fact that new sources emerging from beyond the cosmological horizon.We analyse observable signatures of the Kasner-type anisotropy and compare it to observations. These effects were not found in astronomical observations, including the study of the CMB. We can assume that the Universe has always been isotropic or almost isotropic since the recombination era. This does not exclude the possibility of its significant anisotropy at the moment of the Big Bang followed by rapid isotropization during the inflationary epoch.
1011.1179
Johannes Hartung
Johannes Hartung and Jan Steinhoff
Next-to-leading order spin-orbit and spin(a)-spin(b) Hamiltonians for n gravitating spinning compact objects
13 pages, 1 Mathematica source file, v2: submitted version, v3: published version, some minor corrections
Phys.Rev.D83:044008,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.044008
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the post-Newtonian next-to-leading order conservative spin-orbit and spin(a)-spin(b) gravitational interaction Hamiltonians for arbitrary many compact objects. The spin-orbit Hamiltonian completes the knowledge of Hamiltonians up to and including 2.5PN for the general relativistic three-body problem. The new Hamiltonians include highly nontrivial three-body interactions, in contrast to the leading order consisting of two-body interactions only. This may be important for the study of effects like Kozai resonances in mergers of black holes with binary black holes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Nov 2010 15:00:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Nov 2010 19:07:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Feb 2011 15:35:10 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-02-11
[ [ "Hartung", "Johannes", "" ], [ "Steinhoff", "Jan", "" ] ]
We derive the post-Newtonian next-to-leading order conservative spin-orbit and spin(a)-spin(b) gravitational interaction Hamiltonians for arbitrary many compact objects. The spin-orbit Hamiltonian completes the knowledge of Hamiltonians up to and including 2.5PN for the general relativistic three-body problem. The new Hamiltonians include highly nontrivial three-body interactions, in contrast to the leading order consisting of two-body interactions only. This may be important for the study of effects like Kozai resonances in mergers of black holes with binary black holes.
1910.12133
Zainab Sedaghatmanesh
Mohammad.A Ganjali, Zainab Sedaghatmanesh
Laser Interferometer in Presence of Scalar field on Gravitational Wave Background
20 pages, 1 figure
Class. Quantum Grav. 38 (2021) 105010 (16pp)
10.1088/1361-6382/abdd0e
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Detection of gravitational waves (GW) opened new windows on fundamental physics and it would be natural to search how the role of extra dimensional effects can be traced to gravitational wave physics. In this article, we consider a toy model of five dimensional pure gravity theory compactified on a circle. The resulting four dimensional theory is a scalar-Maxwell theory which is minimally coupled with gravity. By finding the equations of motion for scalar, electric and magnetic fields , we would be able to find exact wave solutions of coupled equations which are zero mode solutions. We also perform perturbation in order to consider non-zero modes of electromagnetic fields .\\ Having these solutions at hand, we study the recombination of scalar-affected electromagnetic waves (EWs) in a typical Michelson interferometer. In particular , we obtain, up to to first order , the change of amplitude of electromagnetic power due to presence of this scalar field which may reveal some signals of extra dimension.
[ { "created": "Sat, 26 Oct 2019 20:30:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Nov 2020 06:56:20 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 29 Aug 2021 14:48:27 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-08-31
[ [ "Ganjali", "Mohammad. A", "" ], [ "Sedaghatmanesh", "Zainab", "" ] ]
Detection of gravitational waves (GW) opened new windows on fundamental physics and it would be natural to search how the role of extra dimensional effects can be traced to gravitational wave physics. In this article, we consider a toy model of five dimensional pure gravity theory compactified on a circle. The resulting four dimensional theory is a scalar-Maxwell theory which is minimally coupled with gravity. By finding the equations of motion for scalar, electric and magnetic fields , we would be able to find exact wave solutions of coupled equations which are zero mode solutions. We also perform perturbation in order to consider non-zero modes of electromagnetic fields .\\ Having these solutions at hand, we study the recombination of scalar-affected electromagnetic waves (EWs) in a typical Michelson interferometer. In particular , we obtain, up to to first order , the change of amplitude of electromagnetic power due to presence of this scalar field which may reveal some signals of extra dimension.
2010.09363
Ya-Peng Hu
Ya-Peng Hu, Liang Cai, Xiao Liang, Shi-Bei Kong and Hongsheng Zhang
Divergence Behavior of Thermodynamic Curvature Scalar at Critical Point in the Extended Phase Space of Generic Black Holes
10 pages, no figure, version accepted by PLB
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136661
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The $P$-$V$ phase transition and critical behavior in the extended phase space of asymptotic Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes have been widely investigated, in which four critical exponents around critical point are found to be consistent with values in the mean field theory. Recently, another critical exponent $\nu$ related to divergent correlation length at critical point is proposed by using thermodynamic curvature scalar $R_N$ in the charged AdS black hole. In this paper, we develop a method to investigate the divergent behavior of $R_N$ at critical point, and find that the divergent behavior of $R_N$ around the critical point expresses a universal property in generic black holes. We further directly apply this method to investigate black holes in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity to check this universality. Those results shed new lights on the microscopic properties of black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Oct 2020 10:03:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Sep 2021 15:17:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-09-29
[ [ "Hu", "Ya-Peng", "" ], [ "Cai", "Liang", "" ], [ "Liang", "Xiao", "" ], [ "Kong", "Shi-Bei", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Hongsheng", "" ] ]
The $P$-$V$ phase transition and critical behavior in the extended phase space of asymptotic Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes have been widely investigated, in which four critical exponents around critical point are found to be consistent with values in the mean field theory. Recently, another critical exponent $\nu$ related to divergent correlation length at critical point is proposed by using thermodynamic curvature scalar $R_N$ in the charged AdS black hole. In this paper, we develop a method to investigate the divergent behavior of $R_N$ at critical point, and find that the divergent behavior of $R_N$ around the critical point expresses a universal property in generic black holes. We further directly apply this method to investigate black holes in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity to check this universality. Those results shed new lights on the microscopic properties of black holes.
gr-qc/0304023
A. W. Whinnett
A. W. Whinnett
Neutron Stars in a Varying Speed of Light Theory
15 pages, 2 figures. Added solutions with a more realistic equation of state. To be published in PRD
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 024009
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.024009
null
gr-qc
null
We study neutron stars in a varying speed of light (VSL) theory of gravity in which the local speed of light depends upon the value of a scalar field $\phi$. We find that the masses and radii of the stars are strongly dependent on the strength of the coupling between $\phi$ and the matter field and that for certain choices of coupling parameters, the maximum neutron star mass can be arbitrarily small. We also discuss the phenomenon of cosmological evolution of VSL stars (analogous to the gravitational evolution in scalar-tensor theories) and we derive a relation showing how the fractional change in the energy of a star is related to the change in the cosmological value of the scalar field.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Apr 2003 17:29:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 May 2003 13:18:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Whinnett", "A. W.", "" ] ]
We study neutron stars in a varying speed of light (VSL) theory of gravity in which the local speed of light depends upon the value of a scalar field $\phi$. We find that the masses and radii of the stars are strongly dependent on the strength of the coupling between $\phi$ and the matter field and that for certain choices of coupling parameters, the maximum neutron star mass can be arbitrarily small. We also discuss the phenomenon of cosmological evolution of VSL stars (analogous to the gravitational evolution in scalar-tensor theories) and we derive a relation showing how the fractional change in the energy of a star is related to the change in the cosmological value of the scalar field.
1701.02556
Thomas M\"adler
Thomas M\"adler and Jeffrey Winicour
Radiation Memory, Boosted Schwarzschild Spacetimes and Supertranslations
matches published version
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aa6ca8
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate gravitational radiation memory and its corresponding effect on the asymptotic symmetries of a body whose exterior is a boosted Schwarzschild spacetime. First, in the context of linearized theory, we consider such a Schwarzschild body which is initially at rest, then goes through a radiative stage and finally emerges as a boosted Schwarzschild body. We show that the proper retarded solution of the exterior Schwarzschild spacetime for this process can be described in terms of the ingoing Kerr-Schild form of the Schwarzschild metric for both the initial and final states. An outgoing Kerr-Schild or time symmetric metric does not give the proper solution. The special property of Kerr-Schild metrics that their linearized and nonlinear forms are identical allows us to extend this result to processes in the nonlinear regime. We then discuss how the nonlinear memory effect, and its associated supertranslation, affect angular momentum conservation. Our approach provides a new framework for studying nonlinear aspects of the memory effect.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Jan 2017 12:38:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Jan 2017 10:15:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 May 2017 15:20:04 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-05-22
[ [ "Mädler", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Winicour", "Jeffrey", "" ] ]
We investigate gravitational radiation memory and its corresponding effect on the asymptotic symmetries of a body whose exterior is a boosted Schwarzschild spacetime. First, in the context of linearized theory, we consider such a Schwarzschild body which is initially at rest, then goes through a radiative stage and finally emerges as a boosted Schwarzschild body. We show that the proper retarded solution of the exterior Schwarzschild spacetime for this process can be described in terms of the ingoing Kerr-Schild form of the Schwarzschild metric for both the initial and final states. An outgoing Kerr-Schild or time symmetric metric does not give the proper solution. The special property of Kerr-Schild metrics that their linearized and nonlinear forms are identical allows us to extend this result to processes in the nonlinear regime. We then discuss how the nonlinear memory effect, and its associated supertranslation, affect angular momentum conservation. Our approach provides a new framework for studying nonlinear aspects of the memory effect.
2101.03948
Pravin Dahal
Pravin Kumar Dahal
Properties of space-time in the vicinity of trapped regions
46 pages, 3 figures. Thesis submitted for the Master of Research. Macquarie University, November 2020
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the near horizon geometry of the simplest representative of the class of axisymmetric space-times: the Kerr Vaidya metrics. Kerr Vaidya metrics can be derived from the Vaidya metric by the complex coordinate transformation suggested by Newman and Janis. We show that the energy momentum tensor belongs to type 3 in the Segre Hawking Ellis classification but has a special form with all Lorentz invariant eigenvalues belonging to zero. We find a location of the apparent horizon for quasi-stationary Kerr Vaidya black holes. The energy-momentum tensor of the Kerr Vaidya geometries violates the null energy condition. We show that energy density, pressure, and flux for an infalling observer are diverging in the outgoing Kerr Vaidya metric. This firewall leads to the violation of a specific quantum energy inequality.
[ { "created": "Fri, 8 Jan 2021 13:41:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-01-12
[ [ "Dahal", "Pravin Kumar", "" ] ]
We investigate the near horizon geometry of the simplest representative of the class of axisymmetric space-times: the Kerr Vaidya metrics. Kerr Vaidya metrics can be derived from the Vaidya metric by the complex coordinate transformation suggested by Newman and Janis. We show that the energy momentum tensor belongs to type 3 in the Segre Hawking Ellis classification but has a special form with all Lorentz invariant eigenvalues belonging to zero. We find a location of the apparent horizon for quasi-stationary Kerr Vaidya black holes. The energy-momentum tensor of the Kerr Vaidya geometries violates the null energy condition. We show that energy density, pressure, and flux for an infalling observer are diverging in the outgoing Kerr Vaidya metric. This firewall leads to the violation of a specific quantum energy inequality.
1610.00135
Elizabeth Winstanley
Supakchai Ponglertsakul and Elizabeth Winstanley
Effect of scalar field mass on gravitating charged scalar solitons and black holes in a cavity
Minor changes, 7 pages, 7 figures
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2016.10.073
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study soliton and black hole solutions of Einstein charged scalar field theory in cavity. We examine the effect of introducing a scalar field mass on static, spherically symmetric solutions of the field equations. We focus particularly on the spaces of soliton and black hole solutions, as well as studying their stability under linear, spherically symmetric perturbations of the metric, electromagnetic field, and scalar field.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Oct 2016 13:31:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Nov 2016 20:57:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-11-11
[ [ "Ponglertsakul", "Supakchai", "" ], [ "Winstanley", "Elizabeth", "" ] ]
We study soliton and black hole solutions of Einstein charged scalar field theory in cavity. We examine the effect of introducing a scalar field mass on static, spherically symmetric solutions of the field equations. We focus particularly on the spaces of soliton and black hole solutions, as well as studying their stability under linear, spherically symmetric perturbations of the metric, electromagnetic field, and scalar field.
gr-qc/0408008
Sean A. Hayward
Sean A. Hayward
Energy and entropy conservation for dynamical black holes
16 revtex4 pages, 2 eps figures, expanded discussion of horizon types and evaporating black holes
Phys.Rev.D70:104027,2004
10.1103/PhysRevD.70.104027
null
gr-qc
null
The Ashtekar-Krishnan energy-balance law for dynamical horizons, expressing the increase in mass-energy of a general black hole in terms of the infalling matter and gravitational radiation, is expressed in terms of trapping horizons, allowing the inclusion of null (isolated) horizons as well as spatial (dynamical) horizons. This first law of black-hole dynamics is given in differential and integral forms, regular in the null limit. An effective gravitational-radiation energy tensor is obtained, providing measures of both ingoing and outgoing, transverse and longitudinal gravitational radiation on and near a black hole. Corresponding energy-tensor forms of the first law involve a preferred time vector which plays the role for dynamical black holes which the stationary Killing vector plays for stationary black holes. Identifying an energy flux, vanishing if and only if the horizon is null, allows a division into energy-supply and work terms, as in the first law of thermodynamics. The energy supply can be expressed in terms of area increase and a newly defined surface gravity, yielding a Gibbs-like equation, with a similar form to the so-called first law for stationary black holes. A Clausius-like relation suggests a definition of geometric entropy flux. Taking entropy as area/4 for dynamical black holes, it is shown that geometric entropy is conserved: the entropy of the black hole equals the geometric entropy supplied by the infalling matter and gravitational radiation. The area or entropy of a dynamical horizon increases by the so-called second law, not because entropy is produced, but because black holes classically are perfect absorbers.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Aug 2004 08:39:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Nov 2004 12:17:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Hayward", "Sean A.", "" ] ]
The Ashtekar-Krishnan energy-balance law for dynamical horizons, expressing the increase in mass-energy of a general black hole in terms of the infalling matter and gravitational radiation, is expressed in terms of trapping horizons, allowing the inclusion of null (isolated) horizons as well as spatial (dynamical) horizons. This first law of black-hole dynamics is given in differential and integral forms, regular in the null limit. An effective gravitational-radiation energy tensor is obtained, providing measures of both ingoing and outgoing, transverse and longitudinal gravitational radiation on and near a black hole. Corresponding energy-tensor forms of the first law involve a preferred time vector which plays the role for dynamical black holes which the stationary Killing vector plays for stationary black holes. Identifying an energy flux, vanishing if and only if the horizon is null, allows a division into energy-supply and work terms, as in the first law of thermodynamics. The energy supply can be expressed in terms of area increase and a newly defined surface gravity, yielding a Gibbs-like equation, with a similar form to the so-called first law for stationary black holes. A Clausius-like relation suggests a definition of geometric entropy flux. Taking entropy as area/4 for dynamical black holes, it is shown that geometric entropy is conserved: the entropy of the black hole equals the geometric entropy supplied by the infalling matter and gravitational radiation. The area or entropy of a dynamical horizon increases by the so-called second law, not because entropy is produced, but because black holes classically are perfect absorbers.
1806.01473
Vitor Silveira Barroso
V. S. Barroso and J. P. M. Pitelli
Vacuum Fluctuations and Boundary Conditions in a Global Monopole
7 pages, submitted to PRD
Phys. Rev. D 98, 065009 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.065009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the vacuum fluctuations of a massless scalar field $\hat{\Psi}$ on the background of a global monopole. Due to the nontrivial topology of the global monopole spacetime, characterized by a solid deficit angle parametrized by $\eta^2$, we expect that $\left<\hat{\Psi}^2\right>_{\text{ren}}$ and $\left<\hat{T}_{\mu\nu}\right>_{\text{ren}}$ are nonzero and proportional to $\eta^2$, so that they annul in the Minkowski limit $\eta\to0$. However, due to the naked singularity at the monopole core, the evolution of the scalar field is not unique. In fact, they are in one to one correspondence with the boundary conditions which turn into self-adjoint the spatial part of the wave operator. We show that only Dirichlet boundary condition corresponds to our expectations and gives zero contribution to the vacuum fluctuations in Minkowski limit. All other boundary conditions give nonzero contributions in this limit due to the nontrivial interaction between the field and the singularity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Jun 2018 03:01:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Jun 2018 16:26:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Aug 2018 13:54:46 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-09-19
[ [ "Barroso", "V. S.", "" ], [ "Pitelli", "J. P. M.", "" ] ]
We study the vacuum fluctuations of a massless scalar field $\hat{\Psi}$ on the background of a global monopole. Due to the nontrivial topology of the global monopole spacetime, characterized by a solid deficit angle parametrized by $\eta^2$, we expect that $\left<\hat{\Psi}^2\right>_{\text{ren}}$ and $\left<\hat{T}_{\mu\nu}\right>_{\text{ren}}$ are nonzero and proportional to $\eta^2$, so that they annul in the Minkowski limit $\eta\to0$. However, due to the naked singularity at the monopole core, the evolution of the scalar field is not unique. In fact, they are in one to one correspondence with the boundary conditions which turn into self-adjoint the spatial part of the wave operator. We show that only Dirichlet boundary condition corresponds to our expectations and gives zero contribution to the vacuum fluctuations in Minkowski limit. All other boundary conditions give nonzero contributions in this limit due to the nontrivial interaction between the field and the singularity.
2212.01182
Aurelien Barrau
Maxime De Sousa, Killian Martineau, Cyril Renevey, Aur\'elien Barrau
Impact of generalized holonomy corrections on the cosmological primordial power spectra
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.126008
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The propagation of perturbations is studied with generalized holonomy corrections in a fully consistent way, ensuring that the deformed algebra of constraints remains closed. The primordial cosmological power spectra are calculated. It is shown that, although the detailed form of the correction does unavoidably impact the observables, the main known results of loop quantum cosmology are robust in this respect.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Dec 2022 14:06:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 Jun 2023 11:24:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-06-28
[ [ "De Sousa", "Maxime", "" ], [ "Martineau", "Killian", "" ], [ "Renevey", "Cyril", "" ], [ "Barrau", "Aurélien", "" ] ]
The propagation of perturbations is studied with generalized holonomy corrections in a fully consistent way, ensuring that the deformed algebra of constraints remains closed. The primordial cosmological power spectra are calculated. It is shown that, although the detailed form of the correction does unavoidably impact the observables, the main known results of loop quantum cosmology are robust in this respect.
1411.7326
Kayll Lake
Kayll Lake
Central density cusps in the Lema\^{i}tre-Tolman solutions
4 pages 1 figure revtex 4-1 updated final form to appear in Phys Rev D
Phys. Rev. D 91, 124036 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.124036
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The character of the central density profile in the Lema\^{i}tre-Tolman (LT) solutions plays a fundamental role in their application as cosmological models. This same character is studied here for these solutions used to model complete gravitational collapse. A necessary condition for the development of a black hole (not even locally naked singularities) is developed. This condition allows central density cusps, the central feature of the LT solutions when used to match cosmological observations without invoking the cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Nov 2014 18:46:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 May 2015 18:07:11 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 May 2015 16:48:46 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-06-24
[ [ "Lake", "Kayll", "" ] ]
The character of the central density profile in the Lema\^{i}tre-Tolman (LT) solutions plays a fundamental role in their application as cosmological models. This same character is studied here for these solutions used to model complete gravitational collapse. A necessary condition for the development of a black hole (not even locally naked singularities) is developed. This condition allows central density cusps, the central feature of the LT solutions when used to match cosmological observations without invoking the cosmological constant.
2009.11156
Polina Dyadina
N. Avdeev, P. Dyadina, S. Labazova
Test of hybrid metric-Palatini f(R)-gravity in binary pulsars
12 pages, 4 figures
JETP Vol. 131, pp. 537-547 (2020)
10.1134/S1063776120100039
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We developed the parameterized post-Keplerian formalism for hybrid metric-Palatini $f(R)$-gravity. We obtained analytical expressions in the generel eccentric case for four PPK parameters: $\dot\omega$, $\dot P_{\rm b}$, $r$ and $s$. Using observational data of PSR J0737-3039 and PSR J1903+0327 we imposed restrictions on the parameters of hybrid f(R)-gravity and showed that this theory is not ruled out by the observations in strong field regime. In addition we obtained predictions for masses of systems components and found that considered astrophysical objects will be heavier than in GR.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Sep 2020 14:07:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-10-13
[ [ "Avdeev", "N.", "" ], [ "Dyadina", "P.", "" ], [ "Labazova", "S.", "" ] ]
We developed the parameterized post-Keplerian formalism for hybrid metric-Palatini $f(R)$-gravity. We obtained analytical expressions in the generel eccentric case for four PPK parameters: $\dot\omega$, $\dot P_{\rm b}$, $r$ and $s$. Using observational data of PSR J0737-3039 and PSR J1903+0327 we imposed restrictions on the parameters of hybrid f(R)-gravity and showed that this theory is not ruled out by the observations in strong field regime. In addition we obtained predictions for masses of systems components and found that considered astrophysical objects will be heavier than in GR.
1510.09048
Satoshi Nakajima
Satoshi Nakajima
Application of covariant analytic mechanics with differential forms to gravity with Dirac field
14 pages, no figure
EJTP 13, 95 (2016)
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We apply the covariant analytic mechanics with the differential forms to the Dirac field and the gravity with the Dirac field. The covariant analytic mechanics treats space and time on an equal footing regarding the differential forms as the basic variables. A significant feature of the covariant analytic mechanics is that the canonical equations, in addition to the Euler-Lagrange equation, are not only manifestly general coordinate covariant but also gauge covariant. Combining our study and the previous works (the scalar field, the abelian and non-abelian gauge fields and the gravity without the Dirac field), the applicability of the covariant analytic mechanics is checked for all fundamental fields. We study both the first and second order formalism of the gravitational field coupled with matters including the Dirac field. It is suggested that gravitation theories including higher order curvatures cannot be treated by the second order formalism in the covariant analytic mechanics.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Oct 2015 11:12:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Feb 2016 14:53:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-05-25
[ [ "Nakajima", "Satoshi", "" ] ]
We apply the covariant analytic mechanics with the differential forms to the Dirac field and the gravity with the Dirac field. The covariant analytic mechanics treats space and time on an equal footing regarding the differential forms as the basic variables. A significant feature of the covariant analytic mechanics is that the canonical equations, in addition to the Euler-Lagrange equation, are not only manifestly general coordinate covariant but also gauge covariant. Combining our study and the previous works (the scalar field, the abelian and non-abelian gauge fields and the gravity without the Dirac field), the applicability of the covariant analytic mechanics is checked for all fundamental fields. We study both the first and second order formalism of the gravitational field coupled with matters including the Dirac field. It is suggested that gravitation theories including higher order curvatures cannot be treated by the second order formalism in the covariant analytic mechanics.
2211.14278
Adrien Bourgoin
Adrien Bourgoin (1 and 2), Christophe Le Poncin-Lafitte (1), St\'ephane Mathis (2) and Marie-Christine Angonin (1) ((1) SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit\'e, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France, (2) D\'epartement d'Astrophysique-AIM, CEA, CNRS, Universit\'e Paris-Saclay, Universit\'e Paris Cit\'e, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France)
Gravitational waves radiated by magnetic galactic binaries and detection by LISA
4 pages, 1 figure, proceedings Les rencontres de Moriond
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.SR hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the context of the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission, galactic binary systems of white dwarfs and neutron stars will represent the dominant source of Gravitational Waves (GWs) within the $10^{-4}-10^{-1}\,\mathrm{Hz}$ frequency band. It is expected that LISA will measure simultaneously, the GWs from more than ten thousands of these compact galactic binaries. The analysis of such a superposition of signals will represent one of the greatest challenge for the mission. Currently, in the LISA Datacode Challenge, each galactic binary is modeled as a quasi-monochromatic source of GWs. This corresponds to the circular motion of two point-masses at the 2.5 post-Newtonian approximation. If this picture is expected to be an accurate description for most of the galactic binaries that LSIA will detect, we nevertheless expect to observe eccentric systems with complex physical properties beyond the point-mass approximation. In this work, we investigate how a binary system of highly magnetic objects in quasi-circular orbit could affect the quasi-monochromatic picture of the GW signal detected by LISA. We demonstrate that the eccentricity generates additional frequency peaks at harmonics of the mean motion and that magnetism is responsible for shifting each frequency peak with respect to the case without magnetism. We provide analytical estimates and argue that LISA will be able to detect magnetism if it can measure the main peaks at two and three times the mean motion with a sufficient accuracy.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Nov 2022 18:23:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-11-28
[ [ "Bourgoin", "Adrien", "", "1 and 2" ], [ "Poncin-Lafitte", "Christophe Le", "" ], [ "Mathis", "Stéphane", "" ], [ "Angonin", "Marie-Christine", "" ] ]
In the context of the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission, galactic binary systems of white dwarfs and neutron stars will represent the dominant source of Gravitational Waves (GWs) within the $10^{-4}-10^{-1}\,\mathrm{Hz}$ frequency band. It is expected that LISA will measure simultaneously, the GWs from more than ten thousands of these compact galactic binaries. The analysis of such a superposition of signals will represent one of the greatest challenge for the mission. Currently, in the LISA Datacode Challenge, each galactic binary is modeled as a quasi-monochromatic source of GWs. This corresponds to the circular motion of two point-masses at the 2.5 post-Newtonian approximation. If this picture is expected to be an accurate description for most of the galactic binaries that LSIA will detect, we nevertheless expect to observe eccentric systems with complex physical properties beyond the point-mass approximation. In this work, we investigate how a binary system of highly magnetic objects in quasi-circular orbit could affect the quasi-monochromatic picture of the GW signal detected by LISA. We demonstrate that the eccentricity generates additional frequency peaks at harmonics of the mean motion and that magnetism is responsible for shifting each frequency peak with respect to the case without magnetism. We provide analytical estimates and argue that LISA will be able to detect magnetism if it can measure the main peaks at two and three times the mean motion with a sufficient accuracy.
1211.6157
Phil Threlfall
Philip Threlfall and Susan M. Scott
The Monotonicity of the Gravitational Entropy Scalar within Quiescent Cosmology
19 pages, 7 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we show that Quiescent Cosmology [1, 2, 3] is consistent with Penrose's Weyl Curvature Hypothesis and the notion of gravitational entropy [4]. Gravitational entropy, from a conceptual point of view, acts in an opposite fashion to the more familiar notion of entropy. A closed system of gravitating particles will coalesce whereas a collection of gas particles will tend to diffuse; regarding increasing entropy, these two scenarios are identical. What has been shown previously [2, 3] is that gravitational entropy at the initial singularity predicted by Quiescent Cosmology - the Isotropic Past Singularity (IPS) - tends to zero. The results from this paper show that not only is this the case but that gravitational entropy increases as this singularity evolves. In the first section of this paper we present relevant background information and motivation. In the second section of this paper we present the main results of this paper. Our third section contains a discussion of how this result will inspire future research before we make concluding remarks in our final section.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Nov 2012 23:04:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 17 Dec 2012 00:03:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-12-18
[ [ "Threlfall", "Philip", "" ], [ "Scott", "Susan M.", "" ] ]
In this paper we show that Quiescent Cosmology [1, 2, 3] is consistent with Penrose's Weyl Curvature Hypothesis and the notion of gravitational entropy [4]. Gravitational entropy, from a conceptual point of view, acts in an opposite fashion to the more familiar notion of entropy. A closed system of gravitating particles will coalesce whereas a collection of gas particles will tend to diffuse; regarding increasing entropy, these two scenarios are identical. What has been shown previously [2, 3] is that gravitational entropy at the initial singularity predicted by Quiescent Cosmology - the Isotropic Past Singularity (IPS) - tends to zero. The results from this paper show that not only is this the case but that gravitational entropy increases as this singularity evolves. In the first section of this paper we present relevant background information and motivation. In the second section of this paper we present the main results of this paper. Our third section contains a discussion of how this result will inspire future research before we make concluding remarks in our final section.
gr-qc/0703108
Ezra Newman
Carlos Kozameh and Ezra T. Newman
Asymptotically Shear-free and Twist-free Null Geodesic Congruences
10 pages
Class.Quant.Grav.24:3085-3090,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/11/019
null
gr-qc
null
We show that, though they are rare, there are asymptotically flat space-times that possess null geodesic congruences that are both asymptotically shear- free and twist-free (surface forming). In particular, we display the class of space-times that possess this property and demonstrate how these congruences can be found. A special case within this class are the Robinson- Trautman space-times. In addition, we show that in each case the congruence is isolated in the sense that there are no other neighboring congruences with this dual property.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Mar 2007 15:59:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kozameh", "Carlos", "" ], [ "Newman", "Ezra T.", "" ] ]
We show that, though they are rare, there are asymptotically flat space-times that possess null geodesic congruences that are both asymptotically shear- free and twist-free (surface forming). In particular, we display the class of space-times that possess this property and demonstrate how these congruences can be found. A special case within this class are the Robinson- Trautman space-times. In addition, we show that in each case the congruence is isolated in the sense that there are no other neighboring congruences with this dual property.
1110.2019
Julian Adamek
Julian Adamek, Claudia de Rham and Ruth Durrer
Mode Spectrum of the Electromagnetic Field in Open Universe Models
6 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor revision, appendix added, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Mon.Not.R.Astron.Soc. 423 (2012) 2705-2710
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21082.x
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine the mode functions of the electromagnetic field on spherically symmetric backgrounds with special attention to the subclass which allows for the foliation as open Friedmann-Lemaitre (FL) spacetime. It is well-known that in certain scalar field theories on open FL background there can exist so-called supercurvature modes, their existence depending on parameters of the theory. Looking at specific open universe models, such as open inflation and the Milne universe, we find that no supercurvature modes are present in the spectrum of the electromagnetic field. This excludes the possibility for superadiabatic evolution of cosmological magnetic fields within these models without relying on new physics or breaking the conformal invariance of electromagnetism.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Oct 2011 12:08:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 3 May 2012 07:56:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-06-21
[ [ "Adamek", "Julian", "" ], [ "de Rham", "Claudia", "" ], [ "Durrer", "Ruth", "" ] ]
We examine the mode functions of the electromagnetic field on spherically symmetric backgrounds with special attention to the subclass which allows for the foliation as open Friedmann-Lemaitre (FL) spacetime. It is well-known that in certain scalar field theories on open FL background there can exist so-called supercurvature modes, their existence depending on parameters of the theory. Looking at specific open universe models, such as open inflation and the Milne universe, we find that no supercurvature modes are present in the spectrum of the electromagnetic field. This excludes the possibility for superadiabatic evolution of cosmological magnetic fields within these models without relying on new physics or breaking the conformal invariance of electromagnetism.
2108.02500
Reginald Christian Bernardo
Reginald Christian Bernardo, Jackson Levi Said, Maria Caruana, Stephen Appleby
Well-Tempered Minkowski Solutions in Teleparallel Horndeski Theory
34 pages, 5 figures, v2: minor revisions, template changed, to appear in CQG
2022 Class. Quantum Grav. 39 015013
10.1088/1361-6382/ac36e4
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Well-tempering stands among the few classical methods of screening vacuum energy to deliver a late-time, low energy vacuum state. We build on the class of Horndeski models that admit a Minkowski vacuum state despite the presence of an arbitrarily large vacuum energy to obtain a much larger family of models in teleparallel Horndeski theory. We set up the routine for obtaining these models and present a variety of cases, all of which are able to screen a natural particle physics scale vacuum energy using degeneracy in the field equations. We establish that well-tempering is the unique method of utilizing degeneracy in Horndeski scalar-tensor gravity -- and its teleparallel generalisation -- that can accommodate self-tuned flat Minkowski solutions, when the explicit scalar field dependence in the action is minimal (a tadpole and a conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar). Finally, we study the dynamics of the well-tempered teleparallel Galileon. We generate its phase portraits and assess the attractor nature of the Minkowski vacuum under linear perturbations and through a phase transition of vacuum energy.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 Aug 2021 10:18:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Nov 2021 05:06:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-12-13
[ [ "Bernardo", "Reginald Christian", "" ], [ "Said", "Jackson Levi", "" ], [ "Caruana", "Maria", "" ], [ "Appleby", "Stephen", "" ] ]
Well-tempering stands among the few classical methods of screening vacuum energy to deliver a late-time, low energy vacuum state. We build on the class of Horndeski models that admit a Minkowski vacuum state despite the presence of an arbitrarily large vacuum energy to obtain a much larger family of models in teleparallel Horndeski theory. We set up the routine for obtaining these models and present a variety of cases, all of which are able to screen a natural particle physics scale vacuum energy using degeneracy in the field equations. We establish that well-tempering is the unique method of utilizing degeneracy in Horndeski scalar-tensor gravity -- and its teleparallel generalisation -- that can accommodate self-tuned flat Minkowski solutions, when the explicit scalar field dependence in the action is minimal (a tadpole and a conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar). Finally, we study the dynamics of the well-tempered teleparallel Galileon. We generate its phase portraits and assess the attractor nature of the Minkowski vacuum under linear perturbations and through a phase transition of vacuum energy.
2105.11430
Dan A. Lee
Gregory J. Galloway and Dan A. Lee
A note on the positive mass theorem with boundary
10 pages, Remark 6 from v2 (which is the published version) was incorrect
Letters in Mathematical Physics, Vol 111, 111 (2021)
10.1007/s11005-021-01449-3
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
In this short note we explain how one can use established results to prove various versions of the positive mass theorem for initial data sets with boundary, in dimensions less than 8.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 May 2021 17:39:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 22 Aug 2021 16:18:55 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 Jan 2022 19:06:04 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-01-11
[ [ "Galloway", "Gregory J.", "" ], [ "Lee", "Dan A.", "" ] ]
In this short note we explain how one can use established results to prove various versions of the positive mass theorem for initial data sets with boundary, in dimensions less than 8.
gr-qc/9704062
Roman R. Zapatrin
R.R.Zapatrin
Finitary Algebraic Superspace
latex 2.09, no frills
Int.J.Theor.Phys. 37 (1998) 799-816
null
IBR-MSP-970401
gr-qc quant-ph
null
An algebraic scheme is suggested in which discretized spacetime turns out to be a quantum observable. As an example, a toy model producing spacetimes of four points with different topologies is presented. The possibility of incorporating this scheme into the framework of non-commutative differential geometry is discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Apr 1997 10:04:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Zapatrin", "R. R.", "" ] ]
An algebraic scheme is suggested in which discretized spacetime turns out to be a quantum observable. As an example, a toy model producing spacetimes of four points with different topologies is presented. The possibility of incorporating this scheme into the framework of non-commutative differential geometry is discussed.
2303.07371
Shafaq Elahi
Shafaq Gulzar Elahi and Anupam Mazumdar
Probing massless and massive gravitons via entanglement in a warped extra dimension
Accepted for publication by Physical Review D ; Matches the journal version
Physical Review D 108, 035018 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.035018
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravity's quantum nature can be probed in a laboratory by witnessing the entanglement between the two quantum systems, which cannot be possible if gravity is a classical entity. In this paper, we will provide a simple example where we can probe the effects of higher dimensions, in particular, the warped extra dimension of five-dimensional Anti-de Sitter spacetime ($\rm AdS_5$). We assume that the two quantum harmonic oscillators are kept at a distance $d$ on a 3-brane (our 4D world) embedded in $\rm AdS_5$, while gravity can propagate in all five dimensions. We will compute the effective potential due to the massless and massive gravitons propagating in the warped geometry. We will compute the entanglement between position and momentum states for both static and non-static cases. The entanglement enhances compared to the four-dimensional massless graviton, and it depends now on the $\rm AdS_5$ radius. We will also show that if we would prepare non-Gaussian superposition states, e.g. spatial superposition of masses of order $10^{-14}-10^{-15}$kg with a superposition size of ${\cal O}(20)$ micron, we can yield larger concurrence of order ${\cal O}(0.1)$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Mar 2023 18:00:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Mar 2023 18:00:11 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Jul 2023 17:51:42 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-10-26
[ [ "Elahi", "Shafaq Gulzar", "" ], [ "Mazumdar", "Anupam", "" ] ]
Gravity's quantum nature can be probed in a laboratory by witnessing the entanglement between the two quantum systems, which cannot be possible if gravity is a classical entity. In this paper, we will provide a simple example where we can probe the effects of higher dimensions, in particular, the warped extra dimension of five-dimensional Anti-de Sitter spacetime ($\rm AdS_5$). We assume that the two quantum harmonic oscillators are kept at a distance $d$ on a 3-brane (our 4D world) embedded in $\rm AdS_5$, while gravity can propagate in all five dimensions. We will compute the effective potential due to the massless and massive gravitons propagating in the warped geometry. We will compute the entanglement between position and momentum states for both static and non-static cases. The entanglement enhances compared to the four-dimensional massless graviton, and it depends now on the $\rm AdS_5$ radius. We will also show that if we would prepare non-Gaussian superposition states, e.g. spatial superposition of masses of order $10^{-14}-10^{-15}$kg with a superposition size of ${\cal O}(20)$ micron, we can yield larger concurrence of order ${\cal O}(0.1)$.
0705.0006
Mauricio Mondragon
Mauricio Mondragon, Alejandro Perez, Carlo Rovelli
Multiple-event probability in general-relativistic quantum mechanics: a discrete model
null
Phys.Rev.D76:064005,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.064005
null
gr-qc
null
We introduce a simple quantum mechanical model in which time and space are discrete and periodic. These features avoid the complications related to continuous-spectrum operators and infinite-norm states. The model provides a tool for discussing the probabilistic interpretation of generally-covariant quantum systems, without the confusion generated by spurious infinities. We use the model to illustrate the formalism of general-relativistic quantum mechanics, and to test the definition of multiple-event probability introduced in a companion paper. We consider a version of the model with unitary time-evolution and a version without unitary time-evolution
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Apr 2007 20:07:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Mondragon", "Mauricio", "" ], [ "Perez", "Alejandro", "" ], [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ] ]
We introduce a simple quantum mechanical model in which time and space are discrete and periodic. These features avoid the complications related to continuous-spectrum operators and infinite-norm states. The model provides a tool for discussing the probabilistic interpretation of generally-covariant quantum systems, without the confusion generated by spurious infinities. We use the model to illustrate the formalism of general-relativistic quantum mechanics, and to test the definition of multiple-event probability introduced in a companion paper. We consider a version of the model with unitary time-evolution and a version without unitary time-evolution
1906.11824
Nikodem Poplawski
Jordan L. Cubero, Nikodem J. Pop{\l}awski
Analysis of big bounce in Einstein--Cartan cosmology
5 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 37, 025011 (2020)
10.1088/1361-6382/ab5cb9
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic universe in the Einstein--Cartan theory of gravity. The spin of fermions produces spacetime torsion that prevents gravitational singularities and replaces the big bang with a nonsingular big bounce. We show that a closed universe exists only when a particular function of its scale factor and temperature is higher than some threshold value, whereas an open and a flat universes do not have such a restriction. We also show that a bounce of the scale factor is double: as the temperature increases and then decreases, the scale factor decreases, increases, decreases, and then increases.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Jun 2019 17:59:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-12-30
[ [ "Cubero", "Jordan L.", "" ], [ "Popławski", "Nikodem J.", "" ] ]
We analyze the dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic universe in the Einstein--Cartan theory of gravity. The spin of fermions produces spacetime torsion that prevents gravitational singularities and replaces the big bang with a nonsingular big bounce. We show that a closed universe exists only when a particular function of its scale factor and temperature is higher than some threshold value, whereas an open and a flat universes do not have such a restriction. We also show that a bounce of the scale factor is double: as the temperature increases and then decreases, the scale factor decreases, increases, decreases, and then increases.
1605.03405
Rampei Kimura
Rampei Kimura, Takahiro Tanaka, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Yasuho Yamashita
Constraint on ghost-free bigravity from gravitational Cherenkov radiation
13 pages, 2 figures; v2
Phys. Rev. D 94, 064059 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.064059
YITP-16-60, KUNS-2626
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate gravitational Cherenkov radiation in a healthy branch of background solutions in the ghost-free bigravity model. In this model, because of the modification of dispersion relations, each polarization mode can possess subluminal phase velocities, and the gravitational Cherenkov radiation could be potentially emitted from a relativistic particle. In the present paper, we derive conditions for the process of the gravitational Cherenkov radiation to occur and estimate the energy emission rate for each polarization mode. We found that the gravitational Cherenkov radiation emitted even from an ultrahigh energy cosmic ray is sufficiently suppressed for the graviton's effective mass less than $100\,{\rm eV}$, and the bigravity model with dark matter coupled to the hidden metric is therefore consistent with observations of high energy cosmic rays.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 May 2016 08:05:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Sep 2016 04:50:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-28
[ [ "Kimura", "Rampei", "" ], [ "Tanaka", "Takahiro", "" ], [ "Yamamoto", "Kazuhiro", "" ], [ "Yamashita", "Yasuho", "" ] ]
We investigate gravitational Cherenkov radiation in a healthy branch of background solutions in the ghost-free bigravity model. In this model, because of the modification of dispersion relations, each polarization mode can possess subluminal phase velocities, and the gravitational Cherenkov radiation could be potentially emitted from a relativistic particle. In the present paper, we derive conditions for the process of the gravitational Cherenkov radiation to occur and estimate the energy emission rate for each polarization mode. We found that the gravitational Cherenkov radiation emitted even from an ultrahigh energy cosmic ray is sufficiently suppressed for the graviton's effective mass less than $100\,{\rm eV}$, and the bigravity model with dark matter coupled to the hidden metric is therefore consistent with observations of high energy cosmic rays.
2201.03959
Davide Astesiano
Davide Astesiano
Rigid rotation in GR and a generalization of the virial theorem
17 pages, 0 figures
null
10.1007/s10714-022-02947-y
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work we study the properties of rigidly rotating neutral dust solutions in general relativity. This class of solutions gained relevance recently due to applications to the dynamics of spiral galaxies. We show that this class could be interpreted as a rigid body in general relativity and we analyze the different properties respect to the rigidly rotating disk in special relativity: for example, the general relativistic counterpart shows no Doppler effect for a light signal emitted and received from any two points at rest respect to the rigid body. This effect can be important to test the validity of the assumed model for our galaxy. In the second part we approach the problem from a low energy expansion perspective and we write down a generalization of the virial theorem for stationary spacetimes. The non-Newtonian contributions can lead to a re-weighting of dark matter in galaxies.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Jan 2022 14:12:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Apr 2022 11:29:29 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Jun 2022 08:11:09 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-07-06
[ [ "Astesiano", "Davide", "" ] ]
In this work we study the properties of rigidly rotating neutral dust solutions in general relativity. This class of solutions gained relevance recently due to applications to the dynamics of spiral galaxies. We show that this class could be interpreted as a rigid body in general relativity and we analyze the different properties respect to the rigidly rotating disk in special relativity: for example, the general relativistic counterpart shows no Doppler effect for a light signal emitted and received from any two points at rest respect to the rigid body. This effect can be important to test the validity of the assumed model for our galaxy. In the second part we approach the problem from a low energy expansion perspective and we write down a generalization of the virial theorem for stationary spacetimes. The non-Newtonian contributions can lead to a re-weighting of dark matter in galaxies.
2305.05541
Ghulam Abbas
G. Abbas and R. H. Ali
Thermal fluctuations, quasi-normal modes and phase transition of the charged AdS black hole with perfect fluid dark matter
31 Pages, 41 EPS figure, accepted for Publication in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11580-1
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we study thermodynamics, thermal fluctuations, phase transitions and the charged anti-de Sitter black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter. Large black holes are shown to be stable when subject to thermal fluctuations, and we begin by exploring how these fluctuations affect the uncorrected thermodynamic quantities of entropy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy specific heat, and phase transition stability. We also discuss null geodesics and the radius of the photon sphere for the charged AdS BH and use the radius of a photon sphere to calculate the Lyapunov exponent and angular velocity. Exceptionally, we test the effects of various parameters of a black hole graphically by observing the existence of the correction parameter and the coupling parameter, which reveal the behavior of corrected thermodynamic quantities. Lastly, we see how the system is stable (under the effects of the dark matter parameter) by figuring out the specific heat and Hawking temperature, which are both related to entropy.
[ { "created": "Sat, 6 May 2023 10:15:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-05-31
[ [ "Abbas", "G.", "" ], [ "Ali", "R. H.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study thermodynamics, thermal fluctuations, phase transitions and the charged anti-de Sitter black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter. Large black holes are shown to be stable when subject to thermal fluctuations, and we begin by exploring how these fluctuations affect the uncorrected thermodynamic quantities of entropy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy specific heat, and phase transition stability. We also discuss null geodesics and the radius of the photon sphere for the charged AdS BH and use the radius of a photon sphere to calculate the Lyapunov exponent and angular velocity. Exceptionally, we test the effects of various parameters of a black hole graphically by observing the existence of the correction parameter and the coupling parameter, which reveal the behavior of corrected thermodynamic quantities. Lastly, we see how the system is stable (under the effects of the dark matter parameter) by figuring out the specific heat and Hawking temperature, which are both related to entropy.
2312.06590
Alejandro C\'ardenas-Avenda\~no
Alejandro C\'ardenas-Avenda\~no and Aaron Held
A Lensing-Band Approach to Spacetime Constraints
16 pages, 9 figures + 4 appendices and references. V2: Minor changes to match the published version
Phys. Rev. D 109, 064052 (2024)
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.064052
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
General relativity's prediction that all black holes are described by the Kerr metric, irrespective of their size, can now be empirically tested using electromagnetic observations of supermassive black holes and gravitational waves from mergers of stellar-mass black holes. In this work, we focus on the electromagnetic side of this test and quantify the constraining power of very-long-baseline-interferometry (VLBI) observations of emission generated by hot gas surrounding supermassive black holes. We demonstrate how to use lensing bands--annular regions on the observer's screen surrounding the critical curve--to constrain the underlying spacetime geometry. Contingent upon a detection of a lensed VLBI feature, the resulting lensing-band framework allows us to exclude spacetimes for which said feature cannot arise from geodesics that traversed the equatorial plane more than once. Focusing on the first indirect image and tests of black-hole uniqueness, we employ a parametrized spacetime as a case study. We find that resolving geometric information that goes beyond the apparent size of the critical curve has the potential to lift degeneracies between different spacetime parameters. Our work thereby quantifies a conservative estimate of the constraining power of VLBI measurements and contributes to a larger effort to simultaneously constrain geometry and astrophysics.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Dec 2023 18:27:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Mar 2024 15:17:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-03-20
[ [ "Cárdenas-Avendaño", "Alejandro", "" ], [ "Held", "Aaron", "" ] ]
General relativity's prediction that all black holes are described by the Kerr metric, irrespective of their size, can now be empirically tested using electromagnetic observations of supermassive black holes and gravitational waves from mergers of stellar-mass black holes. In this work, we focus on the electromagnetic side of this test and quantify the constraining power of very-long-baseline-interferometry (VLBI) observations of emission generated by hot gas surrounding supermassive black holes. We demonstrate how to use lensing bands--annular regions on the observer's screen surrounding the critical curve--to constrain the underlying spacetime geometry. Contingent upon a detection of a lensed VLBI feature, the resulting lensing-band framework allows us to exclude spacetimes for which said feature cannot arise from geodesics that traversed the equatorial plane more than once. Focusing on the first indirect image and tests of black-hole uniqueness, we employ a parametrized spacetime as a case study. We find that resolving geometric information that goes beyond the apparent size of the critical curve has the potential to lift degeneracies between different spacetime parameters. Our work thereby quantifies a conservative estimate of the constraining power of VLBI measurements and contributes to a larger effort to simultaneously constrain geometry and astrophysics.
1411.3583
Prabir Rudra
Prabir Rudra (Indian Instt. of Engg. Sci. and tech., Pailan colg. of Mgmt. and tech.)
Towards a possible solution for the coincidence problem: f(G) gravity as background
10 pages, 5 figures (Accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D.). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1410.6710
null
10.1142/S0218271815500133
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this article we address the well-known cosmic coincidence problem in the framework of the f(G) gravity. In order to achieve this, an interaction between dark energy and dark matter is considered. A set-up is designed and a constraint equation is obtained which generates the f(G) models that do not suffer from the coincidence problem. Due to the absence of a universally accepted interaction term introduced by a fundamental theory, the study is conducted over three different forms of logically chosen interaction terms. To illustrate the set-up three widely known models of f(G) gravity are taken into consideration and the problem is studied under the designed set-up. The study reveals that the popular f(G) gravity models does not approve of a satisfactory solution of the long standing coincidence problem, thus proving to be a major setback for them as successful models of universe. Finally, two non-conventional models of f(G) gravity have been proposed and studied in the framework of the designed set-up. It is seen that a complete solution of the coincidence problem is achieved for these models. The study also reveals that the b-interaction term is much more preferable compared to the other interactions, due to its greater compliance with the recent observational data.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Nov 2014 06:30:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Rudra", "Prabir", "", "Indian Instt. of Engg. Sci. and tech., Pailan colg. of\n Mgmt. and tech." ] ]
In this article we address the well-known cosmic coincidence problem in the framework of the f(G) gravity. In order to achieve this, an interaction between dark energy and dark matter is considered. A set-up is designed and a constraint equation is obtained which generates the f(G) models that do not suffer from the coincidence problem. Due to the absence of a universally accepted interaction term introduced by a fundamental theory, the study is conducted over three different forms of logically chosen interaction terms. To illustrate the set-up three widely known models of f(G) gravity are taken into consideration and the problem is studied under the designed set-up. The study reveals that the popular f(G) gravity models does not approve of a satisfactory solution of the long standing coincidence problem, thus proving to be a major setback for them as successful models of universe. Finally, two non-conventional models of f(G) gravity have been proposed and studied in the framework of the designed set-up. It is seen that a complete solution of the coincidence problem is achieved for these models. The study also reveals that the b-interaction term is much more preferable compared to the other interactions, due to its greater compliance with the recent observational data.
1803.10719
Katy Clough Dr
Katy Clough, Jens C. Niemeyer
On the difficulty of generating gravitational wave turbulence in the early universe
4 pages
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aad7f0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A recent article by Galtier and Nazarenko [1] proposed that weakly nonlinear gravitational waves could result in a turbulent cascade, with energy flowing from high to low frequency modes or vice versa. This is an interesting proposition for early universe cosmology because it could suggest some "natural" initial conditions for the gravitational background. In this paper we use the ADM formalism to show that, given some simple and, arguably, natural assumptions, such initial conditions lead to expansion (or collapse) of the spacetime on a timescale much faster than that of the turbulent cascade, meaning that the cascade is unlikely to have sufficient time to develop under general conditions. We suggest possible ways in which the expansion could be mitigated to give the cascade time to develop.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Mar 2018 16:40:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-08-29
[ [ "Clough", "Katy", "" ], [ "Niemeyer", "Jens C.", "" ] ]
A recent article by Galtier and Nazarenko [1] proposed that weakly nonlinear gravitational waves could result in a turbulent cascade, with energy flowing from high to low frequency modes or vice versa. This is an interesting proposition for early universe cosmology because it could suggest some "natural" initial conditions for the gravitational background. In this paper we use the ADM formalism to show that, given some simple and, arguably, natural assumptions, such initial conditions lead to expansion (or collapse) of the spacetime on a timescale much faster than that of the turbulent cascade, meaning that the cascade is unlikely to have sufficient time to develop under general conditions. We suggest possible ways in which the expansion could be mitigated to give the cascade time to develop.
gr-qc/0408066
Ishai Ben-Dov
Ishai Ben-Dov
The Penrose inequality and apparent horizons
24 pages, 6 figures, revised for publication; revised section 6, added footnote no. 16, typos corrected
Phys.Rev. D70 (2004) 124031
10.1103/PhysRevD.70.124031
null
gr-qc
null
A spherically symmetric spacetime is presented with an initial data set that is asymptotically flat, satisfies the dominant energy condition, and such that on this initial data $M<\sqrt{A/16\pi}$, where M is the total (ADM) mass and A is the area of the apparent horizon. This provides a counterexample to a commonly stated version of the Penrose inequality, though it does not contradict the ``true'' Penrose inequality.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Aug 2004 19:56:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 Jan 2005 17:37:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Ben-Dov", "Ishai", "" ] ]
A spherically symmetric spacetime is presented with an initial data set that is asymptotically flat, satisfies the dominant energy condition, and such that on this initial data $M<\sqrt{A/16\pi}$, where M is the total (ADM) mass and A is the area of the apparent horizon. This provides a counterexample to a commonly stated version of the Penrose inequality, though it does not contradict the ``true'' Penrose inequality.
gr-qc/0308068
Wataru Hikida
Wataru Hikida, Sanjay Jhingan, Hiroyuki Nakano, Norichika Sago, Misao Sasaki, Takahiro Tanaka
A new analytical method for self-force regularization I. scalar charged particle in Schwarzschild spacetime
17 pages, no figure
Prog.Theor.Phys.111:821-840,2004
10.1143/PTP.111.821
YITP-03-58,OCU-PHYS-204,AP-GR-13,KUNS-1866,OU-TAP-218
gr-qc
null
We formulate a new analytical method for regularizing the self-force acting on a particle of small mass $\mu$ orbiting a black hole of mass $M$, where $\mu\ll M$. At first order in $\mu$, the geometry is perturbed and the motion of the particle is affected by its self-force. The self-force, however, diverges at the location of the particle, and hence should be regularized. It is known that the properly regularized self-force is given by the tail part (or the $R$-part) of the self-field, obtained by subtracting the direct part (or the $S$-part) from the full self-field. The most successful method of regularization proposed so far relies on the spherical harmonic decomposition of the self-force, the so-called mode-sum regularization or mode decomposition regularization. However, except for some special orbits, no systematic analytical method for computing the regularized self-force has been given. In this paper, utilizing a new decomposition of the retarded Green function in the frequency domain, we formulate a systematic method for the computation of the self-force. Our method relies on the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion but the order of the expansion can be arbitrarily high. To demonstrate the essence of our method, in this paper, we focus on a scalar charged particle on the Schwarzschild background. The generalization to the gravitational case is straightforward, except for some subtle issues related with the choice of gauge (which exists irrespective of regularization methods).
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Aug 2003 13:44:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 Aug 2003 17:26:35 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 27 May 2004 05:09:53 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-10-09
[ [ "Hikida", "Wataru", "" ], [ "Jhingan", "Sanjay", "" ], [ "Nakano", "Hiroyuki", "" ], [ "Sago", "Norichika", "" ], [ "Sasaki", "Misao", "" ], [ "Tanaka", "Takahiro", "" ] ]
We formulate a new analytical method for regularizing the self-force acting on a particle of small mass $\mu$ orbiting a black hole of mass $M$, where $\mu\ll M$. At first order in $\mu$, the geometry is perturbed and the motion of the particle is affected by its self-force. The self-force, however, diverges at the location of the particle, and hence should be regularized. It is known that the properly regularized self-force is given by the tail part (or the $R$-part) of the self-field, obtained by subtracting the direct part (or the $S$-part) from the full self-field. The most successful method of regularization proposed so far relies on the spherical harmonic decomposition of the self-force, the so-called mode-sum regularization or mode decomposition regularization. However, except for some special orbits, no systematic analytical method for computing the regularized self-force has been given. In this paper, utilizing a new decomposition of the retarded Green function in the frequency domain, we formulate a systematic method for the computation of the self-force. Our method relies on the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion but the order of the expansion can be arbitrarily high. To demonstrate the essence of our method, in this paper, we focus on a scalar charged particle on the Schwarzschild background. The generalization to the gravitational case is straightforward, except for some subtle issues related with the choice of gauge (which exists irrespective of regularization methods).
2111.05441
Charis Anastopoulos
Charis Anastopoulos, Miles Blencowe and Bei-Lok Hu
Gravitational Decoherence in Deep Space Experiments
7 pages. A white paper contribution to the Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences (BPS) Research in Space 2023-2032 (BPS2023) conducted by The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.02462
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Among the many worthwhile quantum experiments taking advantage of long baselines in space, this white paper points to the far-reaching significance of gravitational decoherence experiments. These experiments can provide clues as to whether gravity is of a fundamental or an effective nature. They can also discriminate between the predictions of quantum field theory in curved spacetime, our default theory for quantum phenomena in background gravitational fields, and other popular alternative quantum theories.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Nov 2021 22:44:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-11
[ [ "Anastopoulos", "Charis", "" ], [ "Blencowe", "Miles", "" ], [ "Hu", "Bei-Lok", "" ] ]
Among the many worthwhile quantum experiments taking advantage of long baselines in space, this white paper points to the far-reaching significance of gravitational decoherence experiments. These experiments can provide clues as to whether gravity is of a fundamental or an effective nature. They can also discriminate between the predictions of quantum field theory in curved spacetime, our default theory for quantum phenomena in background gravitational fields, and other popular alternative quantum theories.
gr-qc/0401047
Kofinas Georgios
G. Kofinas and E. Papantonopoulos
Gravitational collapse in braneworld models with curvature corrections
References added
JCAP 0412 (2004) 011
10.1088/1475-7516/2004/12/011
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We study the collapse of a homogeneous braneworld dust cloud in the context of the various curvature correction scenarios, namely, the induced-gravity, the Gauss-Bonnet, and the combined induced-gravity and Gauss-Bonnet. In accordance to the Randall-Sundrum model, and contrary to four-dimensional general relativity, we show in all cases that the exterior spacetime on the brane is non-static.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Jan 2004 01:59:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Nov 2004 22:27:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Kofinas", "G.", "" ], [ "Papantonopoulos", "E.", "" ] ]
We study the collapse of a homogeneous braneworld dust cloud in the context of the various curvature correction scenarios, namely, the induced-gravity, the Gauss-Bonnet, and the combined induced-gravity and Gauss-Bonnet. In accordance to the Randall-Sundrum model, and contrary to four-dimensional general relativity, we show in all cases that the exterior spacetime on the brane is non-static.
gr-qc/0107086
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
Space-time quantum solves three experimental paradoxes
LaTex, 9 pages. Typos corrected (in the version submitted yesterday there was one type in equation and a couple of spelling typos). All aspects of the analysis remain unchanged
Phys.Lett. B528 (2002) 181-187
10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01223-6
null
gr-qc
null
I show that a Planck-scale deformation of the relativistic dispersion relation, which has been independently considered in the quantum-gravity literature, can explain the surprising results of three classes of experiments: (1) observations of cosmic rays above the expected GZK limit, (2) observations of multi-TeV photons from the BL Lac object Markarian 501, (3) studies of the longitudinal development of the air showers produced by ultra-high-energy hadronic particles. Experiments now in preparation, such as the ones planned for the GLAST space telescope, will provide an independent test of this solution of the three experimental paradoxes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Jul 2001 17:42:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Jul 2001 12:27:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Amelino-Camelia", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
I show that a Planck-scale deformation of the relativistic dispersion relation, which has been independently considered in the quantum-gravity literature, can explain the surprising results of three classes of experiments: (1) observations of cosmic rays above the expected GZK limit, (2) observations of multi-TeV photons from the BL Lac object Markarian 501, (3) studies of the longitudinal development of the air showers produced by ultra-high-energy hadronic particles. Experiments now in preparation, such as the ones planned for the GLAST space telescope, will provide an independent test of this solution of the three experimental paradoxes.
1410.4567
Shahar Hod
Shahar Hod
Resonance spectra of caged black holes
5 pages
The European Physical Journal C 74, 3137 (2014)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3137-3
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent numerical studies of the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon system in a cavity have provided compelling evidence that {\it confined} scalar fields generically collapse to form black holes. Motivated by this intriguing discovery, we here use analytical tools in order to study the characteristic resonance spectra of the confined fields. These discrete resonant frequencies are expected to dominate the late-time dynamics of the coupled black-hole-field-cage system. We consider caged Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes whose confining mirrors are placed in the near-horizon region $x_{\text{m}}\equiv (r_{\text{m}}-r_+)/r_+\ll\tau\equiv (r_+-r_-)/r_+$ (here $r_{\text{m}}$ is the radius of the confining mirror and $r_{\pm}$ are the radii of the black-hole horizons). We obtain a simple analytical expression for the fundamental quasinormal resonances of the coupled black-hole-field-cage system: $\omega_n=-i2\pi T_{\text{BH}}\cdot n[1+O(x^n_{\text{m}}/\tau^n)]$, where $T_{\text{BH}}$ is the temperature of the caged black hole and $n=1,2,3,...$ is the resonance parameter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Oct 2014 20:00:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Hod", "Shahar", "" ] ]
Recent numerical studies of the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon system in a cavity have provided compelling evidence that {\it confined} scalar fields generically collapse to form black holes. Motivated by this intriguing discovery, we here use analytical tools in order to study the characteristic resonance spectra of the confined fields. These discrete resonant frequencies are expected to dominate the late-time dynamics of the coupled black-hole-field-cage system. We consider caged Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes whose confining mirrors are placed in the near-horizon region $x_{\text{m}}\equiv (r_{\text{m}}-r_+)/r_+\ll\tau\equiv (r_+-r_-)/r_+$ (here $r_{\text{m}}$ is the radius of the confining mirror and $r_{\pm}$ are the radii of the black-hole horizons). We obtain a simple analytical expression for the fundamental quasinormal resonances of the coupled black-hole-field-cage system: $\omega_n=-i2\pi T_{\text{BH}}\cdot n[1+O(x^n_{\text{m}}/\tau^n)]$, where $T_{\text{BH}}$ is the temperature of the caged black hole and $n=1,2,3,...$ is the resonance parameter.
gr-qc/0506006
Valery Kiselev
V.V.Kiselev
Quantum black hole and Hawking radiation at microscopic magnifying
14 pages, iopart class, 8 eps-figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We establish a state of stopping the Hawking radiation by quantum Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of quasi-classical thermal quantization for particles behind the horizon. The mechanism of absorption and radiation by the black hole is presented.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jun 2005 06:37:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kiselev", "V. V.", "" ] ]
We establish a state of stopping the Hawking radiation by quantum Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of quasi-classical thermal quantization for particles behind the horizon. The mechanism of absorption and radiation by the black hole is presented.
1402.3009
Edward Wilson-Ewing
Yi-Fu Cai, Edward Wilson-Ewing
Non-singular bounce scenarios in loop quantum cosmology and the effective field description
12 pages, 5 figures, v2: references added
JCAP03(2014)026
10.1088/1475-7516/2014/03/026
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A non-singular bouncing cosmology is generically obtained in loop quantum cosmology due to non-perturbative quantum gravity effects. A similar picture can be achieved in standard general relativity in the presence of a scalar field with a non-standard kinetic term such that at high energy densities the field evolves into a ghost condensate and causes a non-singular bounce. During the bouncing phase, the perturbations can be stabilized by introducing a Horndeski operator. Taking the matter content to be a dust field and an ekpyrotic scalar field, we compare the dynamics in loop quantum cosmology and in a non-singular bouncing effective field model with a non-standard kinetic term at both the background and perturbative levels. We find that these two settings share many important properties, including the result that they both generate scale-invariant scalar perturbations. This shows that some quantum gravity effects of the very early universe may be mimicked by effective field models.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Feb 2014 00:03:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Mar 2014 19:25:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-03-17
[ [ "Cai", "Yi-Fu", "" ], [ "Wilson-Ewing", "Edward", "" ] ]
A non-singular bouncing cosmology is generically obtained in loop quantum cosmology due to non-perturbative quantum gravity effects. A similar picture can be achieved in standard general relativity in the presence of a scalar field with a non-standard kinetic term such that at high energy densities the field evolves into a ghost condensate and causes a non-singular bounce. During the bouncing phase, the perturbations can be stabilized by introducing a Horndeski operator. Taking the matter content to be a dust field and an ekpyrotic scalar field, we compare the dynamics in loop quantum cosmology and in a non-singular bouncing effective field model with a non-standard kinetic term at both the background and perturbative levels. We find that these two settings share many important properties, including the result that they both generate scale-invariant scalar perturbations. This shows that some quantum gravity effects of the very early universe may be mimicked by effective field models.
1305.0025
Christian Boehmer
Christian G. Boehmer, Francisco S. N. Lobo, Nicola Tamanini
Einstein static Universe in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
10 pages, 6 figures; v2 added inhomogeneous perturbations
Phys. Rev. D 88, 104019 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.104019
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity is a recent and novel approach to modified theories of gravity, which consists of adding to the metric Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian an f(R) term constructed a la Palatini. It was shown that the theory passes local tests even if the scalar field is very light, and thus implies the existence of a long-range scalar field, which is able to modify the dynamics in galactic and cosmological scales, but leaves the Solar System unaffected. In this work, motivated by the possibility that the Universe may have started out in an asymptotically Einstein static state in the inflationary universe context, we analyse the stability of the Einstein static Universe by considering linear homogeneous perturbations in the respective dynamically equivalent scalar-tensor representation of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. Considering linear homogeneous perturbations, the stability regions of the Einstein static universe are parametrized by the first and second derivatives of the scalar potential, and it is explicitly shown that a large class of stable solutions exists in the respective parameter space, in the context of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Apr 2013 20:51:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Feb 2015 13:35:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-02-19
[ [ "Boehmer", "Christian G.", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ], [ "Tamanini", "Nicola", "" ] ]
Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity is a recent and novel approach to modified theories of gravity, which consists of adding to the metric Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian an f(R) term constructed a la Palatini. It was shown that the theory passes local tests even if the scalar field is very light, and thus implies the existence of a long-range scalar field, which is able to modify the dynamics in galactic and cosmological scales, but leaves the Solar System unaffected. In this work, motivated by the possibility that the Universe may have started out in an asymptotically Einstein static state in the inflationary universe context, we analyse the stability of the Einstein static Universe by considering linear homogeneous perturbations in the respective dynamically equivalent scalar-tensor representation of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. Considering linear homogeneous perturbations, the stability regions of the Einstein static universe are parametrized by the first and second derivatives of the scalar potential, and it is explicitly shown that a large class of stable solutions exists in the respective parameter space, in the context of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity.
2212.09346
Dicong Liang
Dicong Liang, Rui Xu, Zhan-Feng Mai, Lijing Shao
Probing vector hair of black holes with extreme mass ratio inspirals
8 pages, 4 figures
Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) 044053
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.044053
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The bumblebee gravity model, with a vector field nonminimally coupled to gravity, is a natural extension of the Einstein-Maxwell theory. In this theory, a black hole can carry a vector hair, making the metric deviate from the Schwarzschild metric. To investigate the detectability of the vector hair, we consider an Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral (EMRI) system, where a stellar-mass black hole inspiraling into a supermassive black hole. We find that, with a one-year observation of an EMRI by a space-based gravitational-wave detector, we can probe the vector charge as small as $Q\sim 10^{-3}$ in the bumblebee gravity model, which is about three orders of magnitude tighter comparing to current EHT observations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Dec 2022 10:23:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Feb 2023 01:52:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-02-24
[ [ "Liang", "Dicong", "" ], [ "Xu", "Rui", "" ], [ "Mai", "Zhan-Feng", "" ], [ "Shao", "Lijing", "" ] ]
The bumblebee gravity model, with a vector field nonminimally coupled to gravity, is a natural extension of the Einstein-Maxwell theory. In this theory, a black hole can carry a vector hair, making the metric deviate from the Schwarzschild metric. To investigate the detectability of the vector hair, we consider an Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral (EMRI) system, where a stellar-mass black hole inspiraling into a supermassive black hole. We find that, with a one-year observation of an EMRI by a space-based gravitational-wave detector, we can probe the vector charge as small as $Q\sim 10^{-3}$ in the bumblebee gravity model, which is about three orders of magnitude tighter comparing to current EHT observations.
1007.1411
Anil Yadav dr
Anil Kumar Yadav, Lallan Yadav
Bianchi Type III Anisotropic Dark Energy Models with Constant Deceleration Parameter
12 pages, 2 figures, Accepted version of IJTP
Int.J.Theor.Phys.50:218-227,2011
10.1007/s10773-010-0510-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Bianchi type III dark energy models with constant deceleration parameter are investigated. The equation of state parameter $\omega$ is found to be time dependent and its existing range for this model is consistent with the recent observations of SN Ia data, SN Ia data (with CMBR anisotropy) and galaxy clustering statistics. The physical aspect of the dark energy models are discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Jul 2010 16:11:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 18 Jul 2010 13:41:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 2 Oct 2010 04:42:42 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-01-05
[ [ "Yadav", "Anil Kumar", "" ], [ "Yadav", "Lallan", "" ] ]
The Bianchi type III dark energy models with constant deceleration parameter are investigated. The equation of state parameter $\omega$ is found to be time dependent and its existing range for this model is consistent with the recent observations of SN Ia data, SN Ia data (with CMBR anisotropy) and galaxy clustering statistics. The physical aspect of the dark energy models are discussed.
1909.13007
Wen Zhao
Wen Zhao, Tan Liu, Linqing Wen, Tao Zhu, Anzhong Wang, Qian Hu, Cong Zhou
Model-independent test of the parity symmetry of gravity with gravitational waves
9 pages,4 figs, EPJC accepted
EPJC 80, 630 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8211-4
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational wave (GW) data can be used to test the parity symmetry of gravity by investigating the difference between left-hand and right-hand circular polarization modes. In this article, we develop a method to decompose the circular polarizations of GWs produced during the inspiralling stage of compact binaries, with the help of stationary phase approximation. The foremost advantage is that this method is simple, clean, independent of GW waveform, and is applicable to the existing detector network. Applying it to the mock data, we test the parity symmetry of gravity by constraining the velocity birefringence of GWs. If a nearly edge-on binary neutron-stars with observed electromagnetic counterparts at 40 Mpc is detected by the second-generation detector network, one could derive the model-independent test on the parity symmetry in gravity: the lower limit of the energy scale of parity violation can be constrained within $\mathcal{O}(10^4{\rm eV})$.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Sep 2019 02:35:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Jul 2020 01:00:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-21
[ [ "Zhao", "Wen", "" ], [ "Liu", "Tan", "" ], [ "Wen", "Linqing", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Tao", "" ], [ "Wang", "Anzhong", "" ], [ "Hu", "Qian", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Cong", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave (GW) data can be used to test the parity symmetry of gravity by investigating the difference between left-hand and right-hand circular polarization modes. In this article, we develop a method to decompose the circular polarizations of GWs produced during the inspiralling stage of compact binaries, with the help of stationary phase approximation. The foremost advantage is that this method is simple, clean, independent of GW waveform, and is applicable to the existing detector network. Applying it to the mock data, we test the parity symmetry of gravity by constraining the velocity birefringence of GWs. If a nearly edge-on binary neutron-stars with observed electromagnetic counterparts at 40 Mpc is detected by the second-generation detector network, one could derive the model-independent test on the parity symmetry in gravity: the lower limit of the energy scale of parity violation can be constrained within $\mathcal{O}(10^4{\rm eV})$.
2312.12702
Hongsheng Zhang
Chunmei Liu, Hongsheng Zhang
Black Holes and Non-perturbative Gravitational Waves in $f(R)$ Gravity
13 pages
Eur. Phys. J. C (2023) 83:1096
10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12261-9
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Exact solutions of spherically symmetric black hole and gravitational wave are explored in $f(R)$ gravity in arbitrary dimension. We find two exact solutions for the radiation and absorption of null dust. In the framework of general relativity, the Birkhoff theorem strictly forbids the existence of spherical gravitational waves in vacuum space. We find spherical non-perturbative gravitational waves, which are shear-free, twist-free, but expanding.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Dec 2023 01:58:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-12-21
[ [ "Liu", "Chunmei", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Hongsheng", "" ] ]
Exact solutions of spherically symmetric black hole and gravitational wave are explored in $f(R)$ gravity in arbitrary dimension. We find two exact solutions for the radiation and absorption of null dust. In the framework of general relativity, the Birkhoff theorem strictly forbids the existence of spherical gravitational waves in vacuum space. We find spherical non-perturbative gravitational waves, which are shear-free, twist-free, but expanding.
2207.10658
Qiu Shi Wang
Qiu Shi Wang
Local Dirac energy decay in the 5D Myers-Perry geometry using an integral spectral representation for the Dirac propagator
Minor corrections and improvements, published version, 15 pages
Classical and Quantum Gravity 39 (2022), no. 23, 235016
10.1088/1361-6382/ac9f9f
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider the massive Dirac equation in the exterior region of the 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole. Using the resulting ODEs obtained from the separation of variables of the Dirac equation, we construct an integral spectral representation for the solution of the Cauchy problem with compactly supported smooth initial data. We then prove that the probability of presence of a Dirac particle to be in any compact region of space decays to zero as $t\to\infty$, in analogy with the case of the Dirac operator in the Kerr-Newman geometry.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Jul 2022 17:53:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Jul 2022 14:43:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 3 Nov 2022 15:16:18 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-11-22
[ [ "Wang", "Qiu Shi", "" ] ]
We consider the massive Dirac equation in the exterior region of the 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole. Using the resulting ODEs obtained from the separation of variables of the Dirac equation, we construct an integral spectral representation for the solution of the Cauchy problem with compactly supported smooth initial data. We then prove that the probability of presence of a Dirac particle to be in any compact region of space decays to zero as $t\to\infty$, in analogy with the case of the Dirac operator in the Kerr-Newman geometry.
2404.19012
Giulia Ventagli
Giulia Ventagli, Pedro G. S. Fernandes, Andrea Maselli, Antonio Padilla, Thomas P. Sotiriou
Neutron stars and the cosmological constant problem
21 pages, 15 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Phase transitions can play an important role in the cosmological constant problem, allowing the underlying vacuum energy, and therefore the value of the cosmological constant, to change. Deep within the core of neutron stars, the local pressure may be sufficiently high to trigger the QCD phase transition, thus generating a shift in the value of the cosmological constant. The gravitational effects of such a transition should then be imprinted on the properties of the star. Working in the framework of General Relativity, we provide a new model of the stellar interior, allowing for a QCD and a vacuum energy phase transition. We determine the impact of a vacuum energy jump on mass-radius relations, tidal deformability-radius relations, I-Love-Q relations and on the combined tidal deformability measured in neutron star binaries.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Apr 2024 18:00:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-01
[ [ "Ventagli", "Giulia", "" ], [ "Fernandes", "Pedro G. S.", "" ], [ "Maselli", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Padilla", "Antonio", "" ], [ "Sotiriou", "Thomas P.", "" ] ]
Phase transitions can play an important role in the cosmological constant problem, allowing the underlying vacuum energy, and therefore the value of the cosmological constant, to change. Deep within the core of neutron stars, the local pressure may be sufficiently high to trigger the QCD phase transition, thus generating a shift in the value of the cosmological constant. The gravitational effects of such a transition should then be imprinted on the properties of the star. Working in the framework of General Relativity, we provide a new model of the stellar interior, allowing for a QCD and a vacuum energy phase transition. We determine the impact of a vacuum energy jump on mass-radius relations, tidal deformability-radius relations, I-Love-Q relations and on the combined tidal deformability measured in neutron star binaries.
gr-qc/9701037
Alexander Zhuk
A.Zhuk
Multidimensional Topological Foam
10 pages, latex, submitted to Gravitation and Cosmology
Grav.Cosmol. 3 (1997) 24-28
null
FUB HEP/12-96
gr-qc
null
Multidimensional cosmological model with the topology M=RxM_1xM_2x...xM_n where M_i (i=1,... ,n) undergo a chain splitting into arbitrary number of compact spaces is considered. It is shown that equations of motion can be solved exactly because they depend only on the effective curvatures and dimensions and "forget" about inner topological structure. It is proved that effective cosmological action for the model with n=1 in the case of infinite splitting of the internal space coincides with the tree-level effective action for a bosonic string.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Jan 1997 21:18:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Zhuk", "A.", "" ] ]
Multidimensional cosmological model with the topology M=RxM_1xM_2x...xM_n where M_i (i=1,... ,n) undergo a chain splitting into arbitrary number of compact spaces is considered. It is shown that equations of motion can be solved exactly because they depend only on the effective curvatures and dimensions and "forget" about inner topological structure. It is proved that effective cosmological action for the model with n=1 in the case of infinite splitting of the internal space coincides with the tree-level effective action for a bosonic string.
2304.03819
Arad Nasiri
Santanu Das, Arad Nasiri, Yasaman K. Yazdi
Aspects of Everpresent $\Lambda$ (I): A Fluctuating Cosmological Constant from Spacetime Discreteness
28 pages, 10 figures
JCAP10(2023)047
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We provide a comprehensive discussion of the Everpresent $\Lambda$ cosmological model arising from fundamental principles in causal set theory and unimodular gravity. In this framework the value of the cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) fluctuates, in magnitude and in sign, over cosmic history. At each epoch, $\Lambda$ stays statistically close to the inverse square root of the spacetime volume. Since the latter is of the order of $H^2$ today, this provides a way out of the cosmological constant puzzle without fine tuning. Our discussion includes a review of what is known about the topic as well as new motivations and insights supplementing the original arguments. We also study features of a phenomenological implementation of this model, and investigate the statistics of simulations based on it. Our results show that while the observed values of $H_0$ and $\Omega_\Lambda^0$ are not typical outcomes of the model, they can be achieved through a modest number of simulations. We also confirm some expected features of $\Lambda$ based on this model, such as the fact that it stays statistically close to the value of the total ambient energy density (be it matter or radiation dominated), and that it is likely to change sign roughly every Hubble timescale.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Apr 2023 19:07:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Feb 2024 21:05:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-22
[ [ "Das", "Santanu", "" ], [ "Nasiri", "Arad", "" ], [ "Yazdi", "Yasaman K.", "" ] ]
We provide a comprehensive discussion of the Everpresent $\Lambda$ cosmological model arising from fundamental principles in causal set theory and unimodular gravity. In this framework the value of the cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) fluctuates, in magnitude and in sign, over cosmic history. At each epoch, $\Lambda$ stays statistically close to the inverse square root of the spacetime volume. Since the latter is of the order of $H^2$ today, this provides a way out of the cosmological constant puzzle without fine tuning. Our discussion includes a review of what is known about the topic as well as new motivations and insights supplementing the original arguments. We also study features of a phenomenological implementation of this model, and investigate the statistics of simulations based on it. Our results show that while the observed values of $H_0$ and $\Omega_\Lambda^0$ are not typical outcomes of the model, they can be achieved through a modest number of simulations. We also confirm some expected features of $\Lambda$ based on this model, such as the fact that it stays statistically close to the value of the total ambient energy density (be it matter or radiation dominated), and that it is likely to change sign roughly every Hubble timescale.
1411.3623
Babak Vakili
B. Malekolkalami, K. Atazadeh and B. Vakili
Late time acceleration in a non-commutative model of modified cosmology
9 pages, no figures, typos corrected
Phys. Lett. B 739 (2014) 400
10.1016/j.physletb.2014.11.003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the effects of noncommutativity between the position-position, position-momentum and momentum-momentum of a phase space corresponding to a modified cosmological model. We show that the existence of such noncommutativity results in a Moyal Poisson algebra between the phase space variables in which the product law between the functions is of the kind of an $\alpha$-deformed product. We then transform the variables in such a way that the Poisson brackets between the dynamical variables take the form of a usual Poisson bracket but this time with a noncommutative structure. For a power law expression for the function of the Ricci scalar with which the action of the gravity model is modified, the exact solutions in the commutative and noncommutative cases are presented and compared. In terms of these solutions we address the issue of the late time acceleration in cosmic evolution.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Nov 2014 17:31:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Nov 2014 15:49:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Malekolkalami", "B.", "" ], [ "Atazadeh", "K.", "" ], [ "Vakili", "B.", "" ] ]
We investigate the effects of noncommutativity between the position-position, position-momentum and momentum-momentum of a phase space corresponding to a modified cosmological model. We show that the existence of such noncommutativity results in a Moyal Poisson algebra between the phase space variables in which the product law between the functions is of the kind of an $\alpha$-deformed product. We then transform the variables in such a way that the Poisson brackets between the dynamical variables take the form of a usual Poisson bracket but this time with a noncommutative structure. For a power law expression for the function of the Ricci scalar with which the action of the gravity model is modified, the exact solutions in the commutative and noncommutative cases are presented and compared. In terms of these solutions we address the issue of the late time acceleration in cosmic evolution.
gr-qc/9708052
Eduardo Gueron
Eduardo Gu\'eron and P.S. Letelier
Textures and Newtonian Gravity
4 pages, 4 ps figures, REVTEX, accepted for publication in PRD
Phys.Rev.D56:5272-5275,1997
10.1103/PhysRevD.56.5272
null
gr-qc
null
Newtonian theory is used to study the gravitational effects of a texture, in particular the formation of massive structures.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Aug 1997 20:42:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-09-09
[ [ "Guéron", "Eduardo", "" ], [ "Letelier", "P. S.", "" ] ]
Newtonian theory is used to study the gravitational effects of a texture, in particular the formation of massive structures.
2307.10966
Marco de Cesare
Marco de Cesare, Giulia Gubitosi
Cosmological evolution from modified Bekenstein entropy law
14 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the dynamics of the homogeneous and isotropic cosmological background in the recently proposed ``quantum phenomenological gravitational dynamics'', characterised by logarithmic corrections to the Bekenstein entropy. We show that the model admits a family of solutions that are self-accelerating both at early and late times: they approach de Sitter in the future and admit a past attractor corresponding to an inflationary acceleration era. On the other hand, there are no solutions corresponding to a primordial bounce. We also show that asking scalar perturbations to be unaffected by instabilities on observable scales puts stringent constraints on the deviations from general relativity encoded by the model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Jul 2023 15:50:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-07-21
[ [ "de Cesare", "Marco", "" ], [ "Gubitosi", "Giulia", "" ] ]
We study the dynamics of the homogeneous and isotropic cosmological background in the recently proposed ``quantum phenomenological gravitational dynamics'', characterised by logarithmic corrections to the Bekenstein entropy. We show that the model admits a family of solutions that are self-accelerating both at early and late times: they approach de Sitter in the future and admit a past attractor corresponding to an inflationary acceleration era. On the other hand, there are no solutions corresponding to a primordial bounce. We also show that asking scalar perturbations to be unaffected by instabilities on observable scales puts stringent constraints on the deviations from general relativity encoded by the model.
1804.02182
Satadal Datta
Satadal Datta
Acoustic Analogue of Gravitational Wave
null
Phys. Rev. D 98, 064049 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.064049
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore nonlinear perturbations in different static fluid systems. We find that the equations, corresponding to the perturbation of the integrals of motion, i.e; Bernoulli's constant and the mass flow rate, satisfy massless scalar field equation in a time dependent acoustic metric. When one is interested up to the second order behaviour of the perturbations, the emergent time dependent acoustic metric of the system, derived from the massless scalar field equations of the perturbations of the integrals of motion, has some astounding similarities with the metric describing gravitational wave in Minkowski spacetime.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Apr 2018 10:02:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Apr 2018 20:07:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-03
[ [ "Datta", "Satadal", "" ] ]
We explore nonlinear perturbations in different static fluid systems. We find that the equations, corresponding to the perturbation of the integrals of motion, i.e; Bernoulli's constant and the mass flow rate, satisfy massless scalar field equation in a time dependent acoustic metric. When one is interested up to the second order behaviour of the perturbations, the emergent time dependent acoustic metric of the system, derived from the massless scalar field equations of the perturbations of the integrals of motion, has some astounding similarities with the metric describing gravitational wave in Minkowski spacetime.
2405.12671
Etera R. Livine
Etera R. Livine, Clara Montagnon, Naritaka Oshita, Hugo Roussille
Scalar Quasi-Normal Modes of a Loop Quantum Black Hole
29 pages; auxiliary mathematica notebook QNM_recursion_coefficients.nb with explicit QNM recursion relation coefficients
null
null
YITP-24-58, RIKEN-iTHEMS-Report-24
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compute the Quasi-Normal Mode (QNM) frequencies for scalar perturbations for modified Schwarzschild black holes in Loop Quantum Gravity. We study the singularity-free polymerized metric characterised by two parameters encoding loop quantum effects: the minimal area gap $a_0$ and the polymeric deformation parameter $P$. We perform numerical computations using Leaver's continued fraction method and compare our results to other semi-analytical methods and existing literature. We study the effects on the QNM spectrum of variation of both deformation parameters and systematically compare to the standard Schwarzschild case. In particular we find that the scalar fundamental mode is modified from the third decimal for values of $P$ in accordance with the most recent astrophysical constraints. We also show that qualitative differences arise for highly damped modes: on the one hand, a new crossing of the imaginary axis occurs for high values of $a_0$ and, on the other hand, increasing $P$ produces a positive shift of the real part and an increase of the spacing in imaginary part between modes.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 May 2024 10:42:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-22
[ [ "Livine", "Etera R.", "" ], [ "Montagnon", "Clara", "" ], [ "Oshita", "Naritaka", "" ], [ "Roussille", "Hugo", "" ] ]
We compute the Quasi-Normal Mode (QNM) frequencies for scalar perturbations for modified Schwarzschild black holes in Loop Quantum Gravity. We study the singularity-free polymerized metric characterised by two parameters encoding loop quantum effects: the minimal area gap $a_0$ and the polymeric deformation parameter $P$. We perform numerical computations using Leaver's continued fraction method and compare our results to other semi-analytical methods and existing literature. We study the effects on the QNM spectrum of variation of both deformation parameters and systematically compare to the standard Schwarzschild case. In particular we find that the scalar fundamental mode is modified from the third decimal for values of $P$ in accordance with the most recent astrophysical constraints. We also show that qualitative differences arise for highly damped modes: on the one hand, a new crossing of the imaginary axis occurs for high values of $a_0$ and, on the other hand, increasing $P$ produces a positive shift of the real part and an increase of the spacing in imaginary part between modes.
1204.1291
Carlos Molina Mendes
C. Molina and J. C. S. Neves
Wormholes in de Sitter branes
10 pages, 7 figures
Physical Review D 86, 024015 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.024015
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we present a class of geometries which describes wormholes in a Randall-Sundrum brane model, focusing on de Sitter backgrounds. Maximal extensions of the solutions are constructed and their causal structures are discussed. A perturbative analysis is developed, where matter and gravitational perturbations are studied. Analytical results for the quasinormal spectra are obtained and an extensive numerical survey is conducted. Our results indicate that the wormhole geometries presented are stable.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 Apr 2012 18:02:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Aug 2012 22:30:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-08-06
[ [ "Molina", "C.", "" ], [ "Neves", "J. C. S.", "" ] ]
In this work we present a class of geometries which describes wormholes in a Randall-Sundrum brane model, focusing on de Sitter backgrounds. Maximal extensions of the solutions are constructed and their causal structures are discussed. A perturbative analysis is developed, where matter and gravitational perturbations are studied. Analytical results for the quasinormal spectra are obtained and an extensive numerical survey is conducted. Our results indicate that the wormhole geometries presented are stable.
1805.09667
David Benisty
David Benisty, Eduardo I. Guendelman
A correspondence between $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ order formalism by a metricity constraint
5 pages. Accepted for publication in Phys Rev D
Phys. Rev. D 98, 044023 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.044023
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A way to obtain a correspondence between the first order and second order formalism is studied. By introducing a Lagrange multiplier coupled to the covariant derivative of the metric, a metricity constraint is implemented. The new contributions which comes from the variation of the Lagrange multiplier transforms the field equations from the first order to the second order formalism, yet the action is formulated in the first order. In this way all the higher derivatives terms in the second order formalism appear as derivatives of the Lagrange multiplier. Using the same method for breaking metricity condition and building conformal invariant theory is briefly discussed, so the method goes beyond just the study of first order or second formulations of gravity, in fact vast new possible theories of gravity are envisioned this way.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 May 2018 13:48:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Jun 2018 18:18:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 1 Aug 2018 19:09:45 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-08-22
[ [ "Benisty", "David", "" ], [ "Guendelman", "Eduardo I.", "" ] ]
A way to obtain a correspondence between the first order and second order formalism is studied. By introducing a Lagrange multiplier coupled to the covariant derivative of the metric, a metricity constraint is implemented. The new contributions which comes from the variation of the Lagrange multiplier transforms the field equations from the first order to the second order formalism, yet the action is formulated in the first order. In this way all the higher derivatives terms in the second order formalism appear as derivatives of the Lagrange multiplier. Using the same method for breaking metricity condition and building conformal invariant theory is briefly discussed, so the method goes beyond just the study of first order or second formulations of gravity, in fact vast new possible theories of gravity are envisioned this way.
2011.06276
Nobuyoshi Komatsu
Nobuyoshi Komatsu
Evolution of dissipative and non-dissipative universes in holographic cosmological models with a power-law term
Final version accepted for publication in PRD. A typo is corrected. [17 pages, 8 figures]
Phys. Rev. D 103, 023534 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.023534
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Density perturbations related to structure formations are expected to be different in dissipative and non-dissipative universes, even if the background evolution of the two universes is the same. To clarify the difference between the two universes, first-order density perturbations are studied, using two types of holographic cosmological models. The first type is a "$\Lambda(t)$ model" similar to a time-varying $\Lambda(t)$ cosmology for the non-dissipative universe. The second type is a "BV model" similar to a bulk viscous cosmology for the dissipative universe. To systematically examine the two different universes, a power-law term proportional to $H^{\alpha}$ is applied to the $\Lambda(t)$ and BV (bulk-viscous-cosmology-like) models, assuming a flat Friedmann--Robertson--Walker model for the late universe. Here, $H$ is the Hubble parameter and $\alpha$ is a free parameter whose value is a real number. The $\Lambda(t)$-$H^{\alpha}$ and BV-$H^{\alpha}$ models are used to examine first-order density perturbations for matter, in which the background evolution of the two models is equivalent. In addition, thermodynamic constraints on the two models are discussed, with a focus on the maximization of entropy on the horizon of the universe, extending previous analyses [Phys. Rev. D 100, 123545 (2019) (arXiv:1911.08306); 102, 063512 (2020) (arXiv:2006.09650)]. Consequently, the $\Lambda(t)$-$H^{\alpha}$ model for small $|\alpha|$ values is found to be consistent with observations and satisfies the thermodynamic constraints, compared with the BV-$H^{\alpha}$ model. The results show that the non-dissipative universe described by the $\Lambda(t)$-$H^{\alpha}$ model similar to lambda cold dark matter models is likely favored.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Nov 2020 09:27:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Jan 2021 23:25:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Jan 2021 23:23:42 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-01-27
[ [ "Komatsu", "Nobuyoshi", "" ] ]
Density perturbations related to structure formations are expected to be different in dissipative and non-dissipative universes, even if the background evolution of the two universes is the same. To clarify the difference between the two universes, first-order density perturbations are studied, using two types of holographic cosmological models. The first type is a "$\Lambda(t)$ model" similar to a time-varying $\Lambda(t)$ cosmology for the non-dissipative universe. The second type is a "BV model" similar to a bulk viscous cosmology for the dissipative universe. To systematically examine the two different universes, a power-law term proportional to $H^{\alpha}$ is applied to the $\Lambda(t)$ and BV (bulk-viscous-cosmology-like) models, assuming a flat Friedmann--Robertson--Walker model for the late universe. Here, $H$ is the Hubble parameter and $\alpha$ is a free parameter whose value is a real number. The $\Lambda(t)$-$H^{\alpha}$ and BV-$H^{\alpha}$ models are used to examine first-order density perturbations for matter, in which the background evolution of the two models is equivalent. In addition, thermodynamic constraints on the two models are discussed, with a focus on the maximization of entropy on the horizon of the universe, extending previous analyses [Phys. Rev. D 100, 123545 (2019) (arXiv:1911.08306); 102, 063512 (2020) (arXiv:2006.09650)]. Consequently, the $\Lambda(t)$-$H^{\alpha}$ model for small $|\alpha|$ values is found to be consistent with observations and satisfies the thermodynamic constraints, compared with the BV-$H^{\alpha}$ model. The results show that the non-dissipative universe described by the $\Lambda(t)$-$H^{\alpha}$ model similar to lambda cold dark matter models is likely favored.