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gr-qc/9801023
null
Brendan S. Guilfoyle and Brien C. Nolan
Yang's gravitational theory
28 pages, to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav
Gen.Rel.Grav.30:473-495,1998
10.1023/A:1018815027071
null
gr-qc
null
Yang's pure space equations (C.N. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. v.33, p.445 (1974)) generalize Einstein's gravitational equations, while coming from gauge theory. We study these equations from a number of vantage points: summarizing the work done previously, comparing them with the Einstein equations and investigating their properties. In particular, the initial value problem is discussed and a number of results are presented for these equations with common energy-momentum tensors.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Jan 1998 12:50:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-21
[ [ "Guilfoyle", "Brendan S.", "" ], [ "Nolan", "Brien C.", "" ] ]
Yang's pure space equations (C.N. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. v.33, p.445 (1974)) generalize Einstein's gravitational equations, while coming from gauge theory. We study these equations from a number of vantage points: summarizing the work done previously, comparing them with the Einstein equations and investigating their properties. In particular, the initial value problem is discussed and a number of results are presented for these equations with common energy-momentum tensors.
gr-qc/0505014
Tiberiu Harko
K. S. Cheng, T. Harko, X. Y. Wang
Radiation transport equations in non-Riemannian space-times
12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 103001
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.103001
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
The transport equations for polarized radiation transfer in non-Riemannian, Weyl-Cartan type space-times are derived, with the effects of both torsion and non-metricity included. To obtain the basic propagation equations we use the tangent bundle approach. The equations describing the time evolution of the Stokes parameters, of the photon distribution function and of the total polarization degree can be formulated as a system of coupled first order partial differential equations. As an application of our results we consider the propagation of the cosmological gamma ray bursts in spatially homogeneous and isotropic spaces with torsion and non-metricity. For this case the exact general solution of the equation for the polarization degree is obtained, with the effects of the torsion and non-metricity included. The presence of a non-Riemannian geometrical background in which the electromagnetic fields couple to torsion and/or non-metricity affect the polarization of photon beams. Consequently, we suggest that the observed polarization of prompt cosmological gamma ray bursts and of their optical afterglows may have a propagation effect component, due to a torsion/non-metricity induced birefringence of the vacuum. A cosmological redshift and frequency dependence of the polarization degree of gamma ray bursts also follows from the model, thus providing a clear observational signature of the torsional/non-metric effects. On the other hand, observations of the polarization of the gamma ray bursts can impose strong constraints on the torsion and non-metricity and discriminate between different theoretical models.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 May 2005 05:56:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Cheng", "K. S.", "" ], [ "Harko", "T.", "" ], [ "Wang", "X. Y.", "" ] ]
The transport equations for polarized radiation transfer in non-Riemannian, Weyl-Cartan type space-times are derived, with the effects of both torsion and non-metricity included. To obtain the basic propagation equations we use the tangent bundle approach. The equations describing the time evolution of the Stokes parameters, of the photon distribution function and of the total polarization degree can be formulated as a system of coupled first order partial differential equations. As an application of our results we consider the propagation of the cosmological gamma ray bursts in spatially homogeneous and isotropic spaces with torsion and non-metricity. For this case the exact general solution of the equation for the polarization degree is obtained, with the effects of the torsion and non-metricity included. The presence of a non-Riemannian geometrical background in which the electromagnetic fields couple to torsion and/or non-metricity affect the polarization of photon beams. Consequently, we suggest that the observed polarization of prompt cosmological gamma ray bursts and of their optical afterglows may have a propagation effect component, due to a torsion/non-metricity induced birefringence of the vacuum. A cosmological redshift and frequency dependence of the polarization degree of gamma ray bursts also follows from the model, thus providing a clear observational signature of the torsional/non-metric effects. On the other hand, observations of the polarization of the gamma ray bursts can impose strong constraints on the torsion and non-metricity and discriminate between different theoretical models.
gr-qc/0308014
Golam Mortuza Hossain
Golam Mortuza Hossain
Hubble operator in isotropic loop quantum cosmology
20 pages, 3 eps figures, few comments and clarifications added to match with the published version
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 179-196
10.1088/0264-9381/21/1/012
IMSc/2003/06/11
gr-qc hep-th
null
We present a construction of the Hubble operator for the spatially flat isotropic loop quantum cosmology. This operator is a Dirac observable on a subspace of the space of physical solutions. This subspace gets selected dynamically, requiring that its action be invariant on the physical solution space. As a simple illustrative application of the expectation value of the operator, we do find a generic phase of (super)inflation, a feature shown by Bojowald from the analysis of effective Friedmann equation of loop quantum cosmology.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Aug 2003 13:56:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Dec 2003 15:56:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Hossain", "Golam Mortuza", "" ] ]
We present a construction of the Hubble operator for the spatially flat isotropic loop quantum cosmology. This operator is a Dirac observable on a subspace of the space of physical solutions. This subspace gets selected dynamically, requiring that its action be invariant on the physical solution space. As a simple illustrative application of the expectation value of the operator, we do find a generic phase of (super)inflation, a feature shown by Bojowald from the analysis of effective Friedmann equation of loop quantum cosmology.
gr-qc/0702060
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif
Matter Collineations of Static Spacetimes with Maximal Symmetric Transverse Spaces
33 pages, accepted for publication in Acta Physica Polonica B
ActaPhys.Polon.B38:2003-2030,2007
null
null
gr-qc
null
This paper is devoted to study the symmetries of the energy-momentum tensor for the static spacetimes with maximal symmetric transverse spaces. We solve matter collineation equations for the four main cases by taking one, two, three and four non-zero components of the vector $\xi^a$. For one component non-zero, we obtain only one matter collineation for the non-degenerate case and for two components non-zero, the non-degenerate case yields maximum three matter collineations. When we take three components non-zero, we obtain three, four and five independent matter collineations for the non-degenerate and for the degenerate cases respectively. This case generalizes the degenerate case of the static spherically symmetric spacetimes. The last case (when all the four components are non-zero) provides the generalization of the non-degenerate case of the static spherically symmetric spacetimes. This gives either four, five, six, seven or ten independent matter collineations in which four are the usual Killing vectors and rest are the proper matter collineations. It is mentioned here that we obtain different constraint equations which, on solving, may provide some new exact solutions of the Einstein field equations.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Feb 2007 04:30:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ] ]
This paper is devoted to study the symmetries of the energy-momentum tensor for the static spacetimes with maximal symmetric transverse spaces. We solve matter collineation equations for the four main cases by taking one, two, three and four non-zero components of the vector $\xi^a$. For one component non-zero, we obtain only one matter collineation for the non-degenerate case and for two components non-zero, the non-degenerate case yields maximum three matter collineations. When we take three components non-zero, we obtain three, four and five independent matter collineations for the non-degenerate and for the degenerate cases respectively. This case generalizes the degenerate case of the static spherically symmetric spacetimes. The last case (when all the four components are non-zero) provides the generalization of the non-degenerate case of the static spherically symmetric spacetimes. This gives either four, five, six, seven or ten independent matter collineations in which four are the usual Killing vectors and rest are the proper matter collineations. It is mentioned here that we obtain different constraint equations which, on solving, may provide some new exact solutions of the Einstein field equations.
1905.02275
Yuri Bonder
Y. Bonder and J. E. Herrera-Flores
Measuring Relativistic Dragging with Quantum Interference
Contribution to the 2019 Gravitation session of the 54th Rencontres de Moriond, 3 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An experiment to test for relativistic frame dragging effects with quantum interferometry is proposed. The idea that the classical trajectories of the interferometer surround a spherical mass source whose angular momentum is perpendicular to the plane containing these trajectories. A simple analysis allows one to find the phase shift for particles traveling in the innermost stable circular orbit; the result can be easily generalized for more realistic orbits. The phase difference goes like the source's angular momentum per mass times the quantum particles' mass. This is a small effect but it can be amplified by making the classical paths go around the source several times. Moreover, this experiment has the advantage that the source's angular momentum can be easily controlled.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 May 2019 22:05:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-27
[ [ "Bonder", "Y.", "" ], [ "Herrera-Flores", "J. E.", "" ] ]
An experiment to test for relativistic frame dragging effects with quantum interferometry is proposed. The idea that the classical trajectories of the interferometer surround a spherical mass source whose angular momentum is perpendicular to the plane containing these trajectories. A simple analysis allows one to find the phase shift for particles traveling in the innermost stable circular orbit; the result can be easily generalized for more realistic orbits. The phase difference goes like the source's angular momentum per mass times the quantum particles' mass. This is a small effect but it can be amplified by making the classical paths go around the source several times. Moreover, this experiment has the advantage that the source's angular momentum can be easily controlled.
gr-qc/9707036
Stefan ]minneborg
Stefan Aminneborg (Norra Reals gymnasium, Stockholm), Ingemar Bengtsson (Fysikum, Stockholm University), Dieter Brill (Department of Physics, University of Maryland), Soren Holst and Peter Peldan (Fysikum, Stockholm University)
Black Holes and Wormholes in 2+1 Dimensions
23 pages, LaTeX, 11 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 15 (1998) 627-644
10.1088/0264-9381/15/3/013
USITP 97-13
gr-qc
null
A large variety of spacetimes---including the BTZ black holes---can be obtained by identifying points in 2+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter space by means of a discrete group of isometries. We consider all such spacetimes that can be obtained under a restriction to time symmetric initial data and one asymptotic region only. The resulting spacetimes are non-eternal black holes with collapsing wormhole topologies. Our approach is geometrical, and we discuss in detail: The allowed topologies, the shape of the event horizons, topological censorship and trapped curves.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Jul 1997 18:11:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Aminneborg", "Stefan", "", "Norra Reals gymnasium, Stockholm" ], [ "Bengtsson", "Ingemar", "", "Fysikum, Stockholm University" ], [ "Brill", "Dieter", "", "Department of\n Physics, University of Maryland" ], [ "Holst", "Soren", "", "Fys...
A large variety of spacetimes---including the BTZ black holes---can be obtained by identifying points in 2+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter space by means of a discrete group of isometries. We consider all such spacetimes that can be obtained under a restriction to time symmetric initial data and one asymptotic region only. The resulting spacetimes are non-eternal black holes with collapsing wormhole topologies. Our approach is geometrical, and we discuss in detail: The allowed topologies, the shape of the event horizons, topological censorship and trapped curves.
gr-qc/0011066
Irina Radinschi
Irina Radinschi
Energy Distribution of a Charged Regular Black Hole
6 pages, no figures
Mod.Phys.Lett. A16 (2001) 673
10.1142/S0217732301003711
null
gr-qc
null
We calculate the energy distribution of a charged regular black hole by using the energy-momentum complexes of Einstein and M{\o}ller.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Nov 2000 10:23:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Radinschi", "Irina", "" ] ]
We calculate the energy distribution of a charged regular black hole by using the energy-momentum complexes of Einstein and M{\o}ller.
1605.03128
Luis Ak\'e Hau
J. Herrera and L. Ake Hau
Spacetimes Coverings and C-Boundary
Corrections of Cor. 4.11 and Cor. 4.21 (33 pages, 6 figures)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the relation between the c-completion of a Lorentz manifold V and its quotient M = V/G, where G is an isometry group acting freely and properly discontinuously. First, we consider the future causal completion case, characterizing virtually when such a quotient is well behaved with the future chronological topology and improving the existing results on the literature. Secondly, we show that under some general assumptions, there exists an homeomorphism and chronological isomorphism between both, the c-completion of M and some adequate quotient of the c-completion of V defined by G. Our results are optimal, as we show in several examples. Finally, we give a practical application by considering isometric actions over Robertson-Walker spacetimes, including in particular the Anti-de Sitter model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 May 2016 17:53:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Jul 2016 10:08:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-07-18
[ [ "Herrera", "J.", "" ], [ "Hau", "L. Ake", "" ] ]
We consider the relation between the c-completion of a Lorentz manifold V and its quotient M = V/G, where G is an isometry group acting freely and properly discontinuously. First, we consider the future causal completion case, characterizing virtually when such a quotient is well behaved with the future chronological topology and improving the existing results on the literature. Secondly, we show that under some general assumptions, there exists an homeomorphism and chronological isomorphism between both, the c-completion of M and some adequate quotient of the c-completion of V defined by G. Our results are optimal, as we show in several examples. Finally, we give a practical application by considering isometric actions over Robertson-Walker spacetimes, including in particular the Anti-de Sitter model.
2008.13384
Shahar Hod
Shahar Hod
No-go theorem for spatially regular boson stars made of static nonminimally coupled massive scalar fields
6 pages
The European Physical Journal C 79, 26 (2019)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6546-5
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a compact theorem which reveals the fact that static spatially regular massive scalar fields with nonminimal coupling to gravity cannot form spherically symmetric asymptotically flat horizonless matter configurations. In particular, the no-go theorem rules out the existence of boson stars made of static scalar fields with generic values of the physical parameter $\xi$ which quantifies the coupling between the spacetime curvature and the massive bosonic fields.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 Aug 2020 06:30:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-09
[ [ "Hod", "Shahar", "" ] ]
We present a compact theorem which reveals the fact that static spatially regular massive scalar fields with nonminimal coupling to gravity cannot form spherically symmetric asymptotically flat horizonless matter configurations. In particular, the no-go theorem rules out the existence of boson stars made of static scalar fields with generic values of the physical parameter $\xi$ which quantifies the coupling between the spacetime curvature and the massive bosonic fields.
1511.04277
Alessandro D.A.M. Spallicci di Filottrano
P. Ritter, S. Aoudia, A. Spallicci, S. Cordier
Indirect (source-free) integration method. II. Self-force consistent radial fall
To appear in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys
2016, Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys., 13, 1650019
10.1142/S0219887816500195
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We apply our method of indirect integration, described in Part I, at fourth order, to the radial fall affected by the self-force. The Mode-Sum regularisation is performed in the Regge-Wheeler gauge using the equivalence with the harmonic gauge for this orbit. We consider also the motion subjected to a self-consistent and iterative correction determined by the self-force through osculating stretches of geodesics. The convergence of the results confirms the validity of the integration method. This work complements and justifies the analysis and the results appeared in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys., 11, 1450090 (2014).
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Nov 2015 13:38:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-03-22
[ [ "Ritter", "P.", "" ], [ "Aoudia", "S.", "" ], [ "Spallicci", "A.", "" ], [ "Cordier", "S.", "" ] ]
We apply our method of indirect integration, described in Part I, at fourth order, to the radial fall affected by the self-force. The Mode-Sum regularisation is performed in the Regge-Wheeler gauge using the equivalence with the harmonic gauge for this orbit. We consider also the motion subjected to a self-consistent and iterative correction determined by the self-force through osculating stretches of geodesics. The convergence of the results confirms the validity of the integration method. This work complements and justifies the analysis and the results appeared in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys., 11, 1450090 (2014).
1910.06564
Banibrata Mukhopadhyay
Surajit Kalita and Banibrata Mukhopadhyay
Asymptotically flat vacuum solution in modified theory of Einstein's gravity
8 pages including 5 figures; accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C
Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) 79: 877
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7396-x
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A number of recent observations have suggested that the Einstein's theory of general relativity may not be the ultimate theory of gravity. The f(R) gravity model with R being the scalar curvature turns out to be one of the best bet to surpass the general relativity which explains a number of phenomena where Einstein's theory of gravity fails. In the f(R) gravity, behaviour of the spacetime is modified as compared to that of given by the Einstein's theory of general relativity. This theory has already been explored for understanding various compact objects such as neutron stars, white dwarfs etc. and also describing evolution of the universe. Although, researchers have already found the vacuum spacetime solutions for the f(R) gravity, yet there is a caveat that the metric does have some diverging terms and hence these solutions are not asymptotically flat. We show that it is possible to have asymptotically flat spherically symmetric vacuum solution for the f(R) gravity, which is different from the Schwarzschild solution. We use this solution for explaining various bound orbits around the black hole and eventually, as an immediate application, in the spherical accretion flow around it.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Oct 2019 07:27:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-11-26
[ [ "Kalita", "Surajit", "" ], [ "Mukhopadhyay", "Banibrata", "" ] ]
A number of recent observations have suggested that the Einstein's theory of general relativity may not be the ultimate theory of gravity. The f(R) gravity model with R being the scalar curvature turns out to be one of the best bet to surpass the general relativity which explains a number of phenomena where Einstein's theory of gravity fails. In the f(R) gravity, behaviour of the spacetime is modified as compared to that of given by the Einstein's theory of general relativity. This theory has already been explored for understanding various compact objects such as neutron stars, white dwarfs etc. and also describing evolution of the universe. Although, researchers have already found the vacuum spacetime solutions for the f(R) gravity, yet there is a caveat that the metric does have some diverging terms and hence these solutions are not asymptotically flat. We show that it is possible to have asymptotically flat spherically symmetric vacuum solution for the f(R) gravity, which is different from the Schwarzschild solution. We use this solution for explaining various bound orbits around the black hole and eventually, as an immediate application, in the spherical accretion flow around it.
0707.3632
Paschalis Karageorgis
Paschalis Karageorgis and John G. Stalker
Sharp bounds on 2m/r for static spherical objects
We changed a footnote in which an earlier result of H\aa{}kan Andr\'{e}asson was not described correctly
Class.Quant.Grav.25:195021,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/19/195021
null
gr-qc
null
Sharp bounds are obtained, under a variety of assumptions on the eigenvalues of the Einstein tensor, for the ratio of the Hawking mass to the areal radius in static, spherically symmetric space-times.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Jul 2007 20:48:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Oct 2007 17:26:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Karageorgis", "Paschalis", "" ], [ "Stalker", "John G.", "" ] ]
Sharp bounds are obtained, under a variety of assumptions on the eigenvalues of the Einstein tensor, for the ratio of the Hawking mass to the areal radius in static, spherically symmetric space-times.
1708.07527
Gabriel R. Bengochea
Gabriel R. Bengochea, Gabriel Le\'on
Novel vacuum conditions in inflationary collapse models
17 pages, 2 figures. Extended and revised version. To appear in Physics Letters B
Phys. Lett. B 774 (2017) 338
10.1016/j.physletb.2017.09.085
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Within the framework of inflationary models that incorporate a spontaneous reduction of the wave function for the emergence of the seeds of cosmic structure, we study the effects on the primordial scalar power spectrum by choosing a novel initial quantum state that characterizes the perturbations of the inflaton. Specifically, we investigate under which conditions one can recover an essentially scale free spectrum of primordial inhomogeneities when the standard Bunch-Davies vacuum is replaced by another one that minimizes the renormalized stress-energy tensor via a Hadamard procedure. We think that this new prescription for selecting the vacuum state is better suited for the self-induced collapse proposal than the traditional one in the semiclassical gravity picture. We show that the parametrization for the time of collapse, considered in previous works, is maintained. Also, we obtain an angular spectrum for the CMB temperature anisotropies consistent with the one that best fits the observational data. Therefore, we conclude that the collapse mechanism might be of a more fundamental character than previously suspected.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Aug 2017 19:04:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Oct 2017 01:10:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-10-16
[ [ "Bengochea", "Gabriel R.", "" ], [ "León", "Gabriel", "" ] ]
Within the framework of inflationary models that incorporate a spontaneous reduction of the wave function for the emergence of the seeds of cosmic structure, we study the effects on the primordial scalar power spectrum by choosing a novel initial quantum state that characterizes the perturbations of the inflaton. Specifically, we investigate under which conditions one can recover an essentially scale free spectrum of primordial inhomogeneities when the standard Bunch-Davies vacuum is replaced by another one that minimizes the renormalized stress-energy tensor via a Hadamard procedure. We think that this new prescription for selecting the vacuum state is better suited for the self-induced collapse proposal than the traditional one in the semiclassical gravity picture. We show that the parametrization for the time of collapse, considered in previous works, is maintained. Also, we obtain an angular spectrum for the CMB temperature anisotropies consistent with the one that best fits the observational data. Therefore, we conclude that the collapse mechanism might be of a more fundamental character than previously suspected.
1306.3137
Maur\'icio Richartz
Maur\'icio Richartz and Alberto Saa
Superradiance without event horizons in General Relativity
5 pages; typos corrected; revised assumptions and revised argument in section II, results unchanged
Phys. Rev. D 88, 044008 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.044008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Superradiant scattering processes are studied in general relativistic systems which, unlike rotating and/or charged black holes, do not exhibit an event horizon. Inspired by Zel'dovich's seminal works on the amplification of waves by a rotating cylinder, we analyse, in the context of General Relativity, the possibility of superradiance for electromagnetic waves reflecting off a rotating star and for charged scalar perturbations impinging on a charged sphere. The role of energy dissipation in these systems is analysed and compared with the role of the event horizon in black hole superradiance.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Jun 2013 15:28:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Jul 2013 06:02:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-08-07
[ [ "Richartz", "Maurício", "" ], [ "Saa", "Alberto", "" ] ]
Superradiant scattering processes are studied in general relativistic systems which, unlike rotating and/or charged black holes, do not exhibit an event horizon. Inspired by Zel'dovich's seminal works on the amplification of waves by a rotating cylinder, we analyse, in the context of General Relativity, the possibility of superradiance for electromagnetic waves reflecting off a rotating star and for charged scalar perturbations impinging on a charged sphere. The role of energy dissipation in these systems is analysed and compared with the role of the event horizon in black hole superradiance.
gr-qc/0511138
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
Orbital effects of Sun's mass loss and the Earth's fate
Latex2e, 21 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures, 29 references. To appear in Natural Science (NS)
Natural Science 2: 329-337, 2010
10.4236/ns.2010.24041
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I calculate the classical effects induced by an isotropic mass loss of a body on the orbital motion of a test particle around it. By applying my results to the phase in which the radius of the Sun, already moved to the Red Giant Branch of the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram, will become as large as 1.20 AU in about 1 Myr, I find that the Earth's perihelion position on the fixed line of the apsides will increase by about 0.22-0.25 AU (for \dot M/M = 2 x 10^-7 yr^-1); other researchers point towards an increase of 0.37-0.63 AU. Mercury will be destroyed already at the end of the Main Sequence, while Venus should be engulfed in the initial phase of the Red Giant Branch phase; the orbits of the outer planets will increase by 1.2-7.5 AU. Simultane- ous long-term numerical integrations of the equations of motion of all the major bodies of the solar system, with the inclusion of a mass-loss term in the dynamical force models as well, are required to check if the mutual N-body interactions may substantially change the picture analytically outlined here, especially in the Red Giant Branch phase in which Mercury and Venus may be removed from the integration.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Nov 2005 13:50:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 13 Jan 2010 13:23:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-30
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
I calculate the classical effects induced by an isotropic mass loss of a body on the orbital motion of a test particle around it. By applying my results to the phase in which the radius of the Sun, already moved to the Red Giant Branch of the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram, will become as large as 1.20 AU in about 1 Myr, I find that the Earth's perihelion position on the fixed line of the apsides will increase by about 0.22-0.25 AU (for \dot M/M = 2 x 10^-7 yr^-1); other researchers point towards an increase of 0.37-0.63 AU. Mercury will be destroyed already at the end of the Main Sequence, while Venus should be engulfed in the initial phase of the Red Giant Branch phase; the orbits of the outer planets will increase by 1.2-7.5 AU. Simultane- ous long-term numerical integrations of the equations of motion of all the major bodies of the solar system, with the inclusion of a mass-loss term in the dynamical force models as well, are required to check if the mutual N-body interactions may substantially change the picture analytically outlined here, especially in the Red Giant Branch phase in which Mercury and Venus may be removed from the integration.
gr-qc/9602046
Abhay Ashtekar
Abhay Ashtekar, Jerzy Lewandowski
Quantum Theory of Gravity I: Area Operators
33 pages, ReVTeX, Section 4 Revised: New results on the effect of topology of a surface on the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of its area operator included. The proof of the bound on the level spacing of eigenvalues (for large areas) simplified and its ramification to the Bekenstein-Mukhanov analysis of black-hole evaporation made more explicit. To appear in CQG
Class.Quant.Grav.14:A55-A82,1997
10.1088/0264-9381/14/1A/006
CGPG-96/2-4
gr-qc
null
A new functional calculus, developed recently for a fully non-perturbative treatment of quantum gravity, is used to begin a systematic construction of a quantum theory of geometry. Regulated operators corresponding to areas of 2-surfaces are introduced and shown to be self-adjoint on the underlying (kinematical) Hilbert space of states. It is shown that their spectra are {\it purely} discrete indicating that the underlying quantum geometry is far from what the continuum picture might suggest. Indeed, the fundamental excitations of quantum geometry are 1-dimensional, rather like polymers, and the 3-dimensional continuum geometry emerges only on coarse graining. The full Hilbert space admits an orthonormal decomposition into finite dimensional sub-spaces which can be interpreted as the spaces of states of spin systems. Using this property, the complete spectrum of the area operators is evaluated. The general framework constructed here will be used in a subsequent paper to discuss 3-dimensional geometric operators, e.g., the ones corresponding to volumes of regions.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Feb 1996 20:29:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Aug 1996 23:20:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Ashtekar", "Abhay", "" ], [ "Lewandowski", "Jerzy", "" ] ]
A new functional calculus, developed recently for a fully non-perturbative treatment of quantum gravity, is used to begin a systematic construction of a quantum theory of geometry. Regulated operators corresponding to areas of 2-surfaces are introduced and shown to be self-adjoint on the underlying (kinematical) Hilbert space of states. It is shown that their spectra are {\it purely} discrete indicating that the underlying quantum geometry is far from what the continuum picture might suggest. Indeed, the fundamental excitations of quantum geometry are 1-dimensional, rather like polymers, and the 3-dimensional continuum geometry emerges only on coarse graining. The full Hilbert space admits an orthonormal decomposition into finite dimensional sub-spaces which can be interpreted as the spaces of states of spin systems. Using this property, the complete spectrum of the area operators is evaluated. The general framework constructed here will be used in a subsequent paper to discuss 3-dimensional geometric operators, e.g., the ones corresponding to volumes of regions.
1105.4579
\"Ozcan Sert
Tekin Dereli and \"Ozcan Sert
Non-minimal $R^\beta F^2$-Coupled Electromagnetic Fields to Gravity and Static, Spherically Symmetric Solutions
9 pages
Modern Physics Letters A, Volume 26, Issue 20, pp. 1487-1494 (2011)
10.1142/S0217732311036085
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate non-minimal $R^\beta F^2$-type couplings of electromagnetic fields to gravity. We derive the field equations by a first order variational principle using the method of Lagrange multipliers. Then we present various static, spherically symmetric solutions describing the exterior fields in the vicinity of electrically charged massive bodies.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 May 2011 18:18:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:59:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-09-20
[ [ "Dereli", "Tekin", "" ], [ "Sert", "Özcan", "" ] ]
We investigate non-minimal $R^\beta F^2$-type couplings of electromagnetic fields to gravity. We derive the field equations by a first order variational principle using the method of Lagrange multipliers. Then we present various static, spherically symmetric solutions describing the exterior fields in the vicinity of electrically charged massive bodies.
1509.01671
James Quach Dr
James Q. Quach
Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation of the generalised Dirac Hamiltonian in a gravitational-wave background
4 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Goncalves et al. derived a non-relativistic limit of the generalised Dirac Hamiltonian in the presence of a gravitational wave, using the exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. This gave rise to the intriguing notion that spin-precession may occur even in the absence of a magnetic field. We argue that this effect is not physical as it is the result of a gauge-variant term that was an artefact of a flawed application of the exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. In this paper we derive the correct non-relativistic limit of the generalised Dirac Hamiltonian in the presence of a gravitational wave, using both the exact and standard Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. We show that both transformations consistently produce a Hamiltonian where all terms are gauge-invariant. Unfortunately however, we also show that this means the novel spin-precession effect does not exist.
[ { "created": "Sat, 5 Sep 2015 07:57:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-09-08
[ [ "Quach", "James Q.", "" ] ]
Goncalves et al. derived a non-relativistic limit of the generalised Dirac Hamiltonian in the presence of a gravitational wave, using the exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. This gave rise to the intriguing notion that spin-precession may occur even in the absence of a magnetic field. We argue that this effect is not physical as it is the result of a gauge-variant term that was an artefact of a flawed application of the exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. In this paper we derive the correct non-relativistic limit of the generalised Dirac Hamiltonian in the presence of a gravitational wave, using both the exact and standard Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. We show that both transformations consistently produce a Hamiltonian where all terms are gauge-invariant. Unfortunately however, we also show that this means the novel spin-precession effect does not exist.
gr-qc/0005058
Alicia M. Sintes
A.M. Sintes, A. Vecchio
Detection of gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries using non-restricted post-Newtonian approximations
Latex, 6 pages. To appear in: "Rencontres de Moriond: Gravitational waves and experimetal gravity". Edt. J. Dumarchez; Editions Frontieres, France
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The set up of matched filters for the detection of gravitational waves from in-spiraling compact binaries is usually carried out using the restricted post-Newtonian approximation: the filter phase is modelled including post-Newtonian corrections, whereas the amplitude is retained at the Newtonian order. Here we investigate the effects of the introduction of post-Newtonian corrections also to the amplitude and we discuss some of the implications for signal detection and parameter estimation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 May 2000 16:07:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Sintes", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Vecchio", "A.", "" ] ]
The set up of matched filters for the detection of gravitational waves from in-spiraling compact binaries is usually carried out using the restricted post-Newtonian approximation: the filter phase is modelled including post-Newtonian corrections, whereas the amplitude is retained at the Newtonian order. Here we investigate the effects of the introduction of post-Newtonian corrections also to the amplitude and we discuss some of the implications for signal detection and parameter estimation.
1305.1702
Nilanjana Mahata
Nilanjana Mahata, Subenoy Chakraborty
Dilatonic Scalar Field: A Dynamical System Analysis
8 pages, 4 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The work deals with homogeneous and isotropic, flat FRW model of the universe which is filled up with non-interacting dark matter and dark energy to compatible with recent observational evidences. By choosing the dark energy in the form of a dilatonic scalar field, the evolution equations are reduced to an autonomous system. A phase space analysis is done around the critical points and stability criteria is examined. Finally, cosmological implications of the nature of the critical points are discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 May 2013 03:05:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-05-09
[ [ "Mahata", "Nilanjana", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Subenoy", "" ] ]
The work deals with homogeneous and isotropic, flat FRW model of the universe which is filled up with non-interacting dark matter and dark energy to compatible with recent observational evidences. By choosing the dark energy in the form of a dilatonic scalar field, the evolution equations are reduced to an autonomous system. A phase space analysis is done around the critical points and stability criteria is examined. Finally, cosmological implications of the nature of the critical points are discussed.
1506.08410
Guoping Li
GuoPing Li, Biao Cao, Zhongwen Feng, Xiaotao Zu
Strong Gravitational Lensing in a Brane-World Black Hole
12 pages. Accepted by International Journal of Theoretical Physics
null
10.1007/s10773-015-2545-y
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Adopting the strong field limit approach, we investigated the strong gravitational lensing in a Brane-World black hole, which means that the strong field limit coefficients and the deflection angle in this gravitational field are obtained. With this result, it can be said with certainly that the strong gravitational lensing is related to the metric of gravitational fields closely, the cosmology parameter {\alpha} and the dark matter parameter \b{eta} come from the Brane-World black hole exerts a great influence on it. Comparing with the Schwarzschild-AdS spacetime and the Schwarzschild-XCMD spacetime, the parameters {\alpha}, \b{eta} of black holes have the similar effects on the gravitational lensing. In some way, we infer that the real gravitational fields in our universe can be described by this metric, so the results of the strong gravitational lensing in this spacetime will be more reasonable for us to observe. Finally, it has to be noticed that the influence which the parameters {\alpha}, \b{eta} exerted on the main observable quantities of this gravitational field is discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 28 Jun 2015 14:55:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-30
[ [ "Li", "GuoPing", "" ], [ "Cao", "Biao", "" ], [ "Feng", "Zhongwen", "" ], [ "Zu", "Xiaotao", "" ] ]
Adopting the strong field limit approach, we investigated the strong gravitational lensing in a Brane-World black hole, which means that the strong field limit coefficients and the deflection angle in this gravitational field are obtained. With this result, it can be said with certainly that the strong gravitational lensing is related to the metric of gravitational fields closely, the cosmology parameter {\alpha} and the dark matter parameter \b{eta} come from the Brane-World black hole exerts a great influence on it. Comparing with the Schwarzschild-AdS spacetime and the Schwarzschild-XCMD spacetime, the parameters {\alpha}, \b{eta} of black holes have the similar effects on the gravitational lensing. In some way, we infer that the real gravitational fields in our universe can be described by this metric, so the results of the strong gravitational lensing in this spacetime will be more reasonable for us to observe. Finally, it has to be noticed that the influence which the parameters {\alpha}, \b{eta} exerted on the main observable quantities of this gravitational field is discussed.
2402.04577
Xiao Zhang
Jialue Li, Xiao Zhang
The Bondi-Sachs formalism for the Einstein scalar field equations with the zero cosmological constant
29 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Inspired by interaction of gravitational waves and dark matters, we study the Bondi-Sachs formalism for Einstein massless scalar field with zero cosmological constant. We provide asymptotic expansions for the Bondi-Sachs metrics as well as the scalar fields and prove the peeling property. We also prove the positivity of the Bondi energy-momentum under conditions ensuring certain asymptotically null hypersurfaces are of order 2.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Feb 2024 04:33:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-08
[ [ "Li", "Jialue", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xiao", "" ] ]
Inspired by interaction of gravitational waves and dark matters, we study the Bondi-Sachs formalism for Einstein massless scalar field with zero cosmological constant. We provide asymptotic expansions for the Bondi-Sachs metrics as well as the scalar fields and prove the peeling property. We also prove the positivity of the Bondi energy-momentum under conditions ensuring certain asymptotically null hypersurfaces are of order 2.
gr-qc/9211002
Jonathan Z. Simon
Leonard Parker and Jonathan Z. Simon
Einstein Equation with Quantum Corrections Reduced to Second Order
47 pages plus 4 figure pages
Phys.Rev.D47:1339-1355,1993
10.1103/PhysRevD.47.1339
WISC-MILW-92-TH-14
gr-qc
null
We consider the Einstein equation with first order (semiclassical) quantum corrections. Although the quantum corrections contain up to fourth order derivatives of the metric, the solutions which are physically relevant satisfy a reduced equations which contain derivatives no higher than second order. We obtain the reduced equations for a range of stress-energy tensors. These reduced equations are suitable for numerical solution, are expected to contain fewer numerical instabilities than the original fourth order equations, and yield only physically relevant solutions. We give analytic and numerical solutions or reduced equations for particular examples, including Friedmann-Lema\^\i tre universes with cosmological constant, a spherical body of constant density, and more general conformally flat metrics.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Nov 1992 16:14:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Parker", "Leonard", "" ], [ "Simon", "Jonathan Z.", "" ] ]
We consider the Einstein equation with first order (semiclassical) quantum corrections. Although the quantum corrections contain up to fourth order derivatives of the metric, the solutions which are physically relevant satisfy a reduced equations which contain derivatives no higher than second order. We obtain the reduced equations for a range of stress-energy tensors. These reduced equations are suitable for numerical solution, are expected to contain fewer numerical instabilities than the original fourth order equations, and yield only physically relevant solutions. We give analytic and numerical solutions or reduced equations for particular examples, including Friedmann-Lema\^\i tre universes with cosmological constant, a spherical body of constant density, and more general conformally flat metrics.
gr-qc/9801035
Yousuke Itoh
Y. Itoh, M. Hotta, M. Morikawa and T. Futamase
Dynamical Instability of a two-dimensional Quantum Black Hole
7 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, Phys. Rev. D (submitted)
Phys.Rev.D57:4516-4520,1998
10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4516
TU-530
gr-qc
null
We investigate dynamical instability of a two-dimensional quantum black hole model considered by Lowe in his study of Hawking evaporation. The model is supposed to express a black hole in equilibrium with a bath of Hawking radiation. It turns out that the model has at least one instability modes for a wide range of parameters, and thus it is unstable.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Jan 1998 05:51:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-10-12
[ [ "Itoh", "Y.", "" ], [ "Hotta", "M.", "" ], [ "Morikawa", "M.", "" ], [ "Futamase", "T.", "" ] ]
We investigate dynamical instability of a two-dimensional quantum black hole model considered by Lowe in his study of Hawking evaporation. The model is supposed to express a black hole in equilibrium with a bath of Hawking radiation. It turns out that the model has at least one instability modes for a wide range of parameters, and thus it is unstable.
gr-qc/0201057
Spiros Cotsakis
Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat and Spiros Cotsakis
Global Hyperbolicity and Completeness
7 pages. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Geometry and Physics. v2: Minor typos corrected
J.Geom.Phys. 43 (2002) 345-350
10.1016/S0393-0440(02)00028-1
null
gr-qc
null
We prove global hyperbolicity of spacetimes under generic regularity conditions on the metric. We then show that these spacetimes are timelike and null geodesically complete if the gradient of the lapse and the extrinsic curvature $K$ are integrable. This last condition is required only for the tracefree part of $K$ if the universe is expanding.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Jan 2002 12:23:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Jan 2002 16:33:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Choquet-Bruhat", "Yvonne", "" ], [ "Cotsakis", "Spiros", "" ] ]
We prove global hyperbolicity of spacetimes under generic regularity conditions on the metric. We then show that these spacetimes are timelike and null geodesically complete if the gradient of the lapse and the extrinsic curvature $K$ are integrable. This last condition is required only for the tracefree part of $K$ if the universe is expanding.
2102.00830
Kouji Nakamura
Kouji Nakamura
Proposal of a gauge-invariant treatment of l=0,1-mode perturbations on Schwarzschild Background Spacetime
(v1) 10 pages, no figure; (v2) 16 pages, Section 2 is added for the explanation of our previous works, Additional explanations are added, references are added and re-organized; (v3) Some explanations are added, Typos are corrected
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac03f9
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A gauge-invariant treatment of the monopole- ($l=0$) and dipole ($l=1$) modes in linear perturbations of the Schwarzschild background spacetime is proposed. Through this gauge-invariant treatment, we derived the solutions to the linearized Einstein equation for these modes with a generic matter field. In the vacuum case, these solutions include the Kerr parameter perturbations in the $l=1$ odd modes and the additional mass parameter perturbations of the Schwarzschild mass in the $l=0$ even modes. The linearized version of Birkhoff's theorem is also confirmed in a gauge-invariant manner. In this sense, our proposal is reasonable.
[ { "created": "Mon, 1 Feb 2021 13:36:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 17 Apr 2021 09:44:44 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 May 2021 11:20:32 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-08-11
[ [ "Nakamura", "Kouji", "" ] ]
A gauge-invariant treatment of the monopole- ($l=0$) and dipole ($l=1$) modes in linear perturbations of the Schwarzschild background spacetime is proposed. Through this gauge-invariant treatment, we derived the solutions to the linearized Einstein equation for these modes with a generic matter field. In the vacuum case, these solutions include the Kerr parameter perturbations in the $l=1$ odd modes and the additional mass parameter perturbations of the Schwarzschild mass in the $l=0$ even modes. The linearized version of Birkhoff's theorem is also confirmed in a gauge-invariant manner. In this sense, our proposal is reasonable.
gr-qc/0612036
Mayeul Arminjon
Mayeul Arminjon
A theory of gravity as a pressure force. II. Lorentz contraction and "relativistic" effects
21 pages
Rev.Roum.Sci.Tech.Ser.Mec.Appl. 38 (1993) 107-128
null
null
gr-qc
null
In a foregoing paper, gravity has been interpreted as the pressure force exerted on matter at the scale of elementary particles by a perfect fluid. Under the condition that Newtonian gravity must be recovered in the incompressible case, a scalar field equation has thus been proposed for gravity, giving a new theory in the compressible case. Here the theory is reinterpreted so as to describe the relativistic effects, by extending the Lorentz-Poincar\'e interpretation of special relativity which is first recalled. Gravitational space-contraction and time-dilatation are postulated, as a consequence of the principle of local equivalence between the effects of motion and gravitation. The space-time metric (expressing the proper time along a trajectory) is hence curved also in the proposed theory. As the result of a modified Newton law, it is proved that free test particles follow geodesic lines of this metric. In the spherical static situation, Schwarzschild's exterior metric is exactly recovered and with it the experimental support of general relativity, but the interior solution as well as the problematic of singularities are different in the proposed theory, e.g. the radius of the body cannot be smaller than the Schwarzschild radius.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Dec 2006 09:57:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Arminjon", "Mayeul", "" ] ]
In a foregoing paper, gravity has been interpreted as the pressure force exerted on matter at the scale of elementary particles by a perfect fluid. Under the condition that Newtonian gravity must be recovered in the incompressible case, a scalar field equation has thus been proposed for gravity, giving a new theory in the compressible case. Here the theory is reinterpreted so as to describe the relativistic effects, by extending the Lorentz-Poincar\'e interpretation of special relativity which is first recalled. Gravitational space-contraction and time-dilatation are postulated, as a consequence of the principle of local equivalence between the effects of motion and gravitation. The space-time metric (expressing the proper time along a trajectory) is hence curved also in the proposed theory. As the result of a modified Newton law, it is proved that free test particles follow geodesic lines of this metric. In the spherical static situation, Schwarzschild's exterior metric is exactly recovered and with it the experimental support of general relativity, but the interior solution as well as the problematic of singularities are different in the proposed theory, e.g. the radius of the body cannot be smaller than the Schwarzschild radius.
1612.06207
Sante Carloni Dr
Sante Carloni
Generalising the coupling between spacetime and matter
11 pages, no figures, to appear on Physics letters B
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2016.12.053
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore the idea that the coupling between matter and spacetime is more complex than the one originally envisioned by Einstein. We propose that such coupling takes the form of a new fundamental tensor in the Einstein field equations. We then show that the introduction of this tensor can account for dark phenomenology in General Relativity, maintaining a weak field limit compatible with standard Newtonian gravitation. The same paradigm can be applied any other theory of gravitation. We show, as an example, that in the context of conformal gravity a generalised coupling is able to solve compatibility issues between the matter and the gravitational sector.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Dec 2016 14:46:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-02-01
[ [ "Carloni", "Sante", "" ] ]
We explore the idea that the coupling between matter and spacetime is more complex than the one originally envisioned by Einstein. We propose that such coupling takes the form of a new fundamental tensor in the Einstein field equations. We then show that the introduction of this tensor can account for dark phenomenology in General Relativity, maintaining a weak field limit compatible with standard Newtonian gravitation. The same paradigm can be applied any other theory of gravitation. We show, as an example, that in the context of conformal gravity a generalised coupling is able to solve compatibility issues between the matter and the gravitational sector.
gr-qc/0505015
Allan Joseph Michael Medved
A.J.M. Medved and Elias C. Vagenas
On Hawking Radiation as Tunneling with Logarithmic Corrections
6 pages; (v2) references added and various cosmetic (but no physics) changes
Mod.Phys.Lett. A20 (2005) 1723-1728
10.1142/S0217732305018025
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
There has been recent speculation that the tunneling paradigm for Hawking radiation could -- after quantum-gravitational effects have suitably been incorporated -- provide a means for resolving the (black hole) information loss paradox. A prospective quantum-gravitational effect is the logarithmic-order correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy/area law. In this letter, it is demonstrated that, even with the inclusion of the logarithmic correction (or, indeed, the quantum correction up to any perturbative order), the tunneling formalism is still unable to resolve the stated paradox. Moreover, we go on to show that the tunneling framework effectively constrains the coefficient of this logarithmic term to be non-negative. Significantly, the latter observation implies the necessity for including the canonical corrections in the quantum formulation of the black hole entropy.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 May 2005 19:29:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 12 May 2005 18:00:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Medved", "A. J. M.", "" ], [ "Vagenas", "Elias C.", "" ] ]
There has been recent speculation that the tunneling paradigm for Hawking radiation could -- after quantum-gravitational effects have suitably been incorporated -- provide a means for resolving the (black hole) information loss paradox. A prospective quantum-gravitational effect is the logarithmic-order correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy/area law. In this letter, it is demonstrated that, even with the inclusion of the logarithmic correction (or, indeed, the quantum correction up to any perturbative order), the tunneling formalism is still unable to resolve the stated paradox. Moreover, we go on to show that the tunneling framework effectively constrains the coefficient of this logarithmic term to be non-negative. Significantly, the latter observation implies the necessity for including the canonical corrections in the quantum formulation of the black hole entropy.
gr-qc/9401029
null
R.J. Henderson and S.G. Rajeev
Quantum Gravity on a Circle and the Diffeomorphism Invariance of the Schrodinger Equation
35 pages, Tex
Class.Quant.Grav.11:1631-1652,1994
10.1088/0264-9381/11/7/006
University of Rochester Preprint UR1342
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study a model for quantum gravity on a circle in which the notion of a classical metric tensor is replaced by a quantum metric with an inhomogeneous transformation law under diffeomorphisms. This transformation law corresponds to the co--adjoint action of the Virasoro algebra, and resembles that of the connection in Yang--Mills theory. The transformation property is motivated by the diffeomorphism invariance of the one dimensional Schr\"odinger equation. The quantum distance measured by the metric corresponds to the phase of a quantum mechanical wavefunction. The dynamics of the quantum gravity theory are specified by postulating a Riemann metric on the space $Q$ of quantum metrics and taking the kinetic energy operator to be the resulting laplacian on the configuration space $Q/\rm Diff_0(S^1)$. The resulting metric on the configuration space is analyzed and found to have singularities. The second--quantized Schr\"odinger equation is derived, some exact solutions are found, and a generic wavefunction behavior near one of the metric singularities is described. Finally some further directions are indicated, including an analogue of the Yamabe problem of differential geometry.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Jan 1994 22:35:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Henderson", "R. J.", "" ], [ "Rajeev", "S. G.", "" ] ]
We study a model for quantum gravity on a circle in which the notion of a classical metric tensor is replaced by a quantum metric with an inhomogeneous transformation law under diffeomorphisms. This transformation law corresponds to the co--adjoint action of the Virasoro algebra, and resembles that of the connection in Yang--Mills theory. The transformation property is motivated by the diffeomorphism invariance of the one dimensional Schr\"odinger equation. The quantum distance measured by the metric corresponds to the phase of a quantum mechanical wavefunction. The dynamics of the quantum gravity theory are specified by postulating a Riemann metric on the space $Q$ of quantum metrics and taking the kinetic energy operator to be the resulting laplacian on the configuration space $Q/\rm Diff_0(S^1)$. The resulting metric on the configuration space is analyzed and found to have singularities. The second--quantized Schr\"odinger equation is derived, some exact solutions are found, and a generic wavefunction behavior near one of the metric singularities is described. Finally some further directions are indicated, including an analogue of the Yamabe problem of differential geometry.
2403.11527
Jack Hughes
Jack C. M. Hughes, Fedor V. Kusmartsev
Connecting 2-Forms, Conformal Transformations, Curvature Invariants and Topological Classes in Einstein Spacetimes
19 pages, submitted to EPJ C
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The unique Nature of the Lorentz group in four dimensions is the root cause of the many remarkable properties of the Einstein spacetimes, in particular their operational structure on the 2-forms. We show how this operational structure can be used for two ends. First, it allows for a simple generalization of the Birkhoff theorem to Schwarzschild (A)de-Sitter spacetime. Second, it provides the means to construct an Abelian endomorphism group on the space of 2-forms. It is observed that taking the trace over this group element-wise induces a further Abelian group which may be identified with a tensor representation of conformal transformations, giving Einstein spacetimes access to their own conformal equivalence class. A further trace over the group yields the curvature invariants of the spacetime. The Kretschmann scalar becomes the topological Euler density, which may be linked in a simple way to the Hawking temperature of horizons.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Mar 2024 07:29:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-19
[ [ "Hughes", "Jack C. M.", "" ], [ "Kusmartsev", "Fedor V.", "" ] ]
The unique Nature of the Lorentz group in four dimensions is the root cause of the many remarkable properties of the Einstein spacetimes, in particular their operational structure on the 2-forms. We show how this operational structure can be used for two ends. First, it allows for a simple generalization of the Birkhoff theorem to Schwarzschild (A)de-Sitter spacetime. Second, it provides the means to construct an Abelian endomorphism group on the space of 2-forms. It is observed that taking the trace over this group element-wise induces a further Abelian group which may be identified with a tensor representation of conformal transformations, giving Einstein spacetimes access to their own conformal equivalence class. A further trace over the group yields the curvature invariants of the spacetime. The Kretschmann scalar becomes the topological Euler density, which may be linked in a simple way to the Hawking temperature of horizons.
gr-qc/9506036
Patricio Anibal Letelier
Patricio S. Letelier
Spacetime Defects: Torsion Loops
8 pages, LATEX
Class.Quant.Grav.12:2221-2224,1995
10.1088/0264-9381/12/9/009
null
gr-qc
null
Spacetimes with everywhere vanishing curvature tensor, but with torsion different from zero only on world sheets that represent closed loops in ordinary space are presented, also defects along open curves with end points at infinity are studied. The case of defects along timelike loops is also considered and the geodesics in these spaces are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Jun 1995 18:45:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Letelier", "Patricio S.", "" ] ]
Spacetimes with everywhere vanishing curvature tensor, but with torsion different from zero only on world sheets that represent closed loops in ordinary space are presented, also defects along open curves with end points at infinity are studied. The case of defects along timelike loops is also considered and the geodesics in these spaces are briefly discussed.
gr-qc/9903039
Israel Quiroz
Israel Quiros (Dpto.Fisica. Universidad Central de Las Villas. Cuba)
The $\omega\to\infty$ limit of Brans-Dicke gravity revisited
8 pages, LaTeX file, submitted to Phys.Lett.A
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The $\omega\to\infty$ limit of Brans-Dicke theory is studied with the help of the conformal transformation approach without resorting, however, to the conformal invariance property of this formalism, that is shown to be spurious.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Mar 1999 22:21:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Quiros", "Israel", "", "Dpto.Fisica. Universidad Central de Las Villas. Cuba" ] ]
The $\omega\to\infty$ limit of Brans-Dicke theory is studied with the help of the conformal transformation approach without resorting, however, to the conformal invariance property of this formalism, that is shown to be spurious.
gr-qc/0005012
Pinto Innocenzo M.
R.P. Croce, Th. Demma, V. Pierro, I.M. Pinto, F. Postiglione
A Nearly Minimum Redundant Correlator Interpolation Formula for Gravitational Wave Chirp Detection
13 pages, 1 table, 16 figures; scheduled for publication on Phys. Rev. D 62
Phys.Rev. D62 (2000) 124020
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.124020
null
gr-qc
null
An absolute lower bound on the number of templates needed to keep the fitting factor above a prescribed minimal value $\Gamma$ in correlator bank detection of (newtonian) gravitational wave chirps from unknown inspiraling compact binary sources is derived, resorting to the theory of quasi-bandlimited functions in the $L^\infty$ norm. An explicit nearly-minimum redundant cardinal-interpolation formula for the (reduced, noncoherent) correlator is introduced. Its computational burden and statistical properties are compared to those of the plain lattice of (reduced, noncoherent) correlators, for the same $\Gamma$. Extension to post-newtonian models is outlined.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 May 2000 17:21:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 May 2000 12:55:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Croce", "R. P.", "" ], [ "Demma", "Th.", "" ], [ "Pierro", "V.", "" ], [ "Pinto", "I. M.", "" ], [ "Postiglione", "F.", "" ] ]
An absolute lower bound on the number of templates needed to keep the fitting factor above a prescribed minimal value $\Gamma$ in correlator bank detection of (newtonian) gravitational wave chirps from unknown inspiraling compact binary sources is derived, resorting to the theory of quasi-bandlimited functions in the $L^\infty$ norm. An explicit nearly-minimum redundant cardinal-interpolation formula for the (reduced, noncoherent) correlator is introduced. Its computational burden and statistical properties are compared to those of the plain lattice of (reduced, noncoherent) correlators, for the same $\Gamma$. Extension to post-newtonian models is outlined.
0810.4673
Mohammad Nouri-Zonoz
A. Azadi, D. Momeni and M. Nouri-Zonoz
Cylindrical solutions in metric f(R) gravity
13 pages, RevTex, Typos corrected and references added
Phys.Lett.B670:210-214,2008
10.1016/j.physletb.2008.10.054
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study static cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions in Weyl coordinates in the context of the metric f(R) theories of gravity. The set of the modified Einstein equations is reduced to a single equation and it is shown how one can construct exact solutions corresponding to different $f(R)$ models. In particular the family of solutions with constant Ricci scalar ($R=R_{0}$) is found explicitly which, as a special case (R=0), includes the exterior spacetime of a cosmic string. Another new solution with constant, non-zero Ricci scalar is obtained and its possible relation to the Linet-Tian solution in general relativity is discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 26 Oct 2008 09:33:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 3 Dec 2008 07:57:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-12-18
[ [ "Azadi", "A.", "" ], [ "Momeni", "D.", "" ], [ "Nouri-Zonoz", "M.", "" ] ]
We study static cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions in Weyl coordinates in the context of the metric f(R) theories of gravity. The set of the modified Einstein equations is reduced to a single equation and it is shown how one can construct exact solutions corresponding to different $f(R)$ models. In particular the family of solutions with constant Ricci scalar ($R=R_{0}$) is found explicitly which, as a special case (R=0), includes the exterior spacetime of a cosmic string. Another new solution with constant, non-zero Ricci scalar is obtained and its possible relation to the Linet-Tian solution in general relativity is discussed.
2201.06511
Charles J. Horowitz
Tomoyo Namigata, C. J. Horowitz and R. Widmer-Schnidrig
Gravitational search for near Earth black holes or other compact dark objects
six pages, 6 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.EP astro-ph.HE hep-ph nucl-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Primordial black holes, with masses comparable to asteroids, are an attractive possibility for dark matter. In addition, other forms of dark matter could form compact dark objects (CDO). We search for small tidal accelerations from low mass black holes or CDOs orbiting near the Earth, and find none. Using about 10 years of data from the superconducting gravimeters in the Black Forest Observatory in South-Western Germany and at Djougou, Northern Benin in Western Africa we set an upper limit on the maximum mass of any dark object orbiting the Earth as a function of orbital radius. For semi-major axis less than two earth radii we exclude all black holes or CDOs with masses larger than 6.7x10^{13} kg. Lower mass primordial black holes may be strongly constrained by Hawking radiation. We conclude that near Earth black holes are extremely unlikely.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Jan 2022 16:40:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-19
[ [ "Namigata", "Tomoyo", "" ], [ "Horowitz", "C. J.", "" ], [ "Widmer-Schnidrig", "R.", "" ] ]
Primordial black holes, with masses comparable to asteroids, are an attractive possibility for dark matter. In addition, other forms of dark matter could form compact dark objects (CDO). We search for small tidal accelerations from low mass black holes or CDOs orbiting near the Earth, and find none. Using about 10 years of data from the superconducting gravimeters in the Black Forest Observatory in South-Western Germany and at Djougou, Northern Benin in Western Africa we set an upper limit on the maximum mass of any dark object orbiting the Earth as a function of orbital radius. For semi-major axis less than two earth radii we exclude all black holes or CDOs with masses larger than 6.7x10^{13} kg. Lower mass primordial black holes may be strongly constrained by Hawking radiation. We conclude that near Earth black holes are extremely unlikely.
gr-qc/0512117
Douglas Shaw
Douglas J. Shaw and John D. Barrow
Local Experiments See Cosmologically Varying Constants
6 pages
Phys.Lett.B639:596-599,2006
10.1016/j.physletb.2006.07.016
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We describe a rigorous construction, using matched asymptotic expansions, which establishes under very general conditions that local terrestrial and solar-system experiments will measure the effects of varying `constants' of Nature occurring on cosmological scales to computable precision. In particular, `constants' driven by scalar fields will still be found to evolve in time when observed within virialised structures like clusters, galaxies, and planetary systems. This provides a justification for combining cosmological and terrestrial constraints on the possible time variation of many assumed `constants' of Nature, including the fine structure constant and Newton's gravitation constant.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Dec 2005 19:35:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Dec 2005 09:50:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "Shaw", "Douglas J.", "" ], [ "Barrow", "John D.", "" ] ]
We describe a rigorous construction, using matched asymptotic expansions, which establishes under very general conditions that local terrestrial and solar-system experiments will measure the effects of varying `constants' of Nature occurring on cosmological scales to computable precision. In particular, `constants' driven by scalar fields will still be found to evolve in time when observed within virialised structures like clusters, galaxies, and planetary systems. This provides a justification for combining cosmological and terrestrial constraints on the possible time variation of many assumed `constants' of Nature, including the fine structure constant and Newton's gravitation constant.
1008.0345
Quentin G. Bailey
Quentin G. Bailey
Gravity Couplings in the Standard-Model Extension
5 pages, Presented at the Fifth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 28-July 2, 2010
null
10.1142/9789814327688_0030
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Standard-Model Extension (SME) is an action-based expansion describing general Lorentz violation for known matter and fields, including gravity. In this talk, I will discuss the Lorentz-violating gravity couplings in the SME. Toy models that match the SME expansion, including vector and two-tensor models, are reviewed. Finally I discuss the status of experiments and observations probing gravity coefficients for Lorentz violation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Aug 2010 16:49:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-08-23
[ [ "Bailey", "Quentin G.", "" ] ]
The Standard-Model Extension (SME) is an action-based expansion describing general Lorentz violation for known matter and fields, including gravity. In this talk, I will discuss the Lorentz-violating gravity couplings in the SME. Toy models that match the SME expansion, including vector and two-tensor models, are reviewed. Finally I discuss the status of experiments and observations probing gravity coefficients for Lorentz violation.
gr-qc/9602044
null
Vicen\c{c} Mendez and Josep Triginer
Qualitative Analysis of Causal Cosmological Models
RevTeX file, 23 pages. Accepted for publication in J. Math. Phys
J.Math.Phys.37:2906-2919,1996
10.1063/1.531546
null
gr-qc
null
The Einstein's field equations of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes filled with a dissipative fluid described by both the {\em truncated} and {\em non-truncated} causal transport equations are analyzed using techniques from dynamical systems theory. The equations of state, as well as the phase space, are different from those used in the recent literature. In the de Sitter expansion both the hydrodynamic approximation and the non-thermalizing condition can be fulfilled simultaneously. For $\Lambda=0$ these expansions turn out to be stable provided a certain parameter of the fluid is lower than 1/2. The more general case $\Lambda>0$ is studied in detail as well.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Feb 1996 14:18:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Mendez", "Vicenç", "" ], [ "Triginer", "Josep", "" ] ]
The Einstein's field equations of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes filled with a dissipative fluid described by both the {\em truncated} and {\em non-truncated} causal transport equations are analyzed using techniques from dynamical systems theory. The equations of state, as well as the phase space, are different from those used in the recent literature. In the de Sitter expansion both the hydrodynamic approximation and the non-thermalizing condition can be fulfilled simultaneously. For $\Lambda=0$ these expansions turn out to be stable provided a certain parameter of the fluid is lower than 1/2. The more general case $\Lambda>0$ is studied in detail as well.
1212.2588
Roldao da Rocha
J. M. Hoff da Silva, Roldao da Rocha
Schwarzschild generalized black hole horizon and the embedding space
7 pages, to appear in European Phys. J. C
Eur. Phys. J. C 72 (2012) 2258
10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2258-9
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
By performing a Taylor expansion along the extra dimension of a metric describing a black hole on a brane, we explore the influence of the embedding space on the black hole horizon. In particular, it is shown that the existence of a Kottler correction of the black hole on the brane, in a viable braneworld scenario, might represent the radius of the black string collapsing to zero, for some point(s) on the black string axis of symmetry along the extra dimension. Further scrutiny on such black hole corrections by braneworld effects is elicited, the well-known results in the literature are recovered as limiting cases, and we assert and show that when the radius of the black string transversal section is zero, as one moves away from the brane into the bulk, is indeed a singularity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Dec 2012 19:00:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-12-19
[ [ "da Silva", "J. M. Hoff", "" ], [ "da Rocha", "Roldao", "" ] ]
By performing a Taylor expansion along the extra dimension of a metric describing a black hole on a brane, we explore the influence of the embedding space on the black hole horizon. In particular, it is shown that the existence of a Kottler correction of the black hole on the brane, in a viable braneworld scenario, might represent the radius of the black string collapsing to zero, for some point(s) on the black string axis of symmetry along the extra dimension. Further scrutiny on such black hole corrections by braneworld effects is elicited, the well-known results in the literature are recovered as limiting cases, and we assert and show that when the radius of the black string transversal section is zero, as one moves away from the brane into the bulk, is indeed a singularity.
2004.10031
Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov
Javlon Rayimbaev, Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov, Bobur Turimov, Farruh Atamurotov
Magnetized particle motion around 4-D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Black Hole
12 pages, 11 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we have investigated the dynamics of magnetized particles around 4-D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole immersed in an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field. We have shown that the magnetic interaction parameter responsible for circular orbits decreases for negative values of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter $\alpha$ and the range where magnetized particle's stable circular orbits are allowed increases for the positive values of the parameter $\alpha$. The study of the collisions of magnetized, charged and neutral particles has shown that the center-of-mass energy of the particles increases in the presence of positive Gauss-Bonnet parameter. Finally, we show how the magnetic interaction and Gauss-Bonnet parameter may mimic the effect of rotation of the Kerr black hole giving the same ISCO radius for magnetized particles. Detailed analysis of the ISCO show that spin of Kerr black hole can not be mimicked by the effects of magnetic interaction and the Gauss-Bonnet parameters when $\alpha<-4.37$ and the spin parameter $a > 0.237$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Apr 2020 14:07:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-04-22
[ [ "Rayimbaev", "Javlon", "" ], [ "Abdujabbarov", "Ahmadjon", "" ], [ "Turimov", "Bobur", "" ], [ "Atamurotov", "Farruh", "" ] ]
In this paper, we have investigated the dynamics of magnetized particles around 4-D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole immersed in an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field. We have shown that the magnetic interaction parameter responsible for circular orbits decreases for negative values of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter $\alpha$ and the range where magnetized particle's stable circular orbits are allowed increases for the positive values of the parameter $\alpha$. The study of the collisions of magnetized, charged and neutral particles has shown that the center-of-mass energy of the particles increases in the presence of positive Gauss-Bonnet parameter. Finally, we show how the magnetic interaction and Gauss-Bonnet parameter may mimic the effect of rotation of the Kerr black hole giving the same ISCO radius for magnetized particles. Detailed analysis of the ISCO show that spin of Kerr black hole can not be mimicked by the effects of magnetic interaction and the Gauss-Bonnet parameters when $\alpha<-4.37$ and the spin parameter $a > 0.237$.
1511.08732
Leandros Perivolaropoulos
A. Lykkas and L. Perivolaropoulos
Scalar-Tensor Quintessence with a linear potential: Avoiding the Big Crunch cosmic doomsday
6 pages, 5 figures. Extended version. Accepted in Phys. Rev. D as regular article (to appear)
Phys. Rev. D 93, 043513 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.043513
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
All quintessence potentials that are either monotonic with negative interval or have a minimum at negative values of the potential, generically predict a future collapse of the scale factor to a "doomsday" singularity. We show that this doomsday is generically avoided in models with a proper non-minimal coupling of the quintessence scalar field to the curvature scalar $R$. For simplicity we consider linear quintessence potential $V=-s\phi$ and linear non-minimal coupling $F=1-\lambda \phi$. However our result is generic and is due to the fact that the non-minimal coupling modifies the effective potential that determines the dynamics of the scalar field. Thus for each positive value of the parameter $s$ we find a critical value $\lambda_{crit}(s)$ such that for $\lambda>\lambda_{crit}(s)$ the negative potential energy does not dominate the universe and the cosmic doomsday Big Crunch singularity is avoided because the scalar field eventually rolls up its potential. We find that $\lambda_{crit}(s)$ increases approximately linearly with $s$. For $\lambda>\lambda_{crit}(s)$ the potential energy of the scalar field becomes positive and it eventually dominates while the dark energy equation of state parameter tends to $w=-1$ leading to a deSitter Universe.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Nov 2015 08:30:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 31 Jan 2016 13:16:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-03-08
[ [ "Lykkas", "A.", "" ], [ "Perivolaropoulos", "L.", "" ] ]
All quintessence potentials that are either monotonic with negative interval or have a minimum at negative values of the potential, generically predict a future collapse of the scale factor to a "doomsday" singularity. We show that this doomsday is generically avoided in models with a proper non-minimal coupling of the quintessence scalar field to the curvature scalar $R$. For simplicity we consider linear quintessence potential $V=-s\phi$ and linear non-minimal coupling $F=1-\lambda \phi$. However our result is generic and is due to the fact that the non-minimal coupling modifies the effective potential that determines the dynamics of the scalar field. Thus for each positive value of the parameter $s$ we find a critical value $\lambda_{crit}(s)$ such that for $\lambda>\lambda_{crit}(s)$ the negative potential energy does not dominate the universe and the cosmic doomsday Big Crunch singularity is avoided because the scalar field eventually rolls up its potential. We find that $\lambda_{crit}(s)$ increases approximately linearly with $s$. For $\lambda>\lambda_{crit}(s)$ the potential energy of the scalar field becomes positive and it eventually dominates while the dark energy equation of state parameter tends to $w=-1$ leading to a deSitter Universe.
1910.04528
Shao-Wen Wei
Shao-Wen Wei, Yu-Xiao Liu
Intriguing microstructures of five-dimensional neutral Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole
12 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table
Phys.Lett. B 803, 135287 (2020)
10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135287
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we analytically study the phase structure and construct the Ruppeiner geometry in the extended phase space for the five-dimensional neutral Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole. Through calculating the scalar curvature of the Ruppeiner geometry and combining the phase transition, we show that the attractive interaction is dominant in the microstructure of the black hole system. More significantly, there is an intriguing property that the normalized scalar curvature has the same expression for the saturated small and large black hole curves. This implies that although the microstructure is different before and after the small-large black hole phase transition, the interaction between the microscopic constituents keeps unchanged. These results are quite valuable on further understanding the microstructure of the AdS black hole in modified gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Oct 2019 12:56:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 1 Mar 2020 09:49:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-03-03
[ [ "Wei", "Shao-Wen", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yu-Xiao", "" ] ]
In this paper, we analytically study the phase structure and construct the Ruppeiner geometry in the extended phase space for the five-dimensional neutral Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole. Through calculating the scalar curvature of the Ruppeiner geometry and combining the phase transition, we show that the attractive interaction is dominant in the microstructure of the black hole system. More significantly, there is an intriguing property that the normalized scalar curvature has the same expression for the saturated small and large black hole curves. This implies that although the microstructure is different before and after the small-large black hole phase transition, the interaction between the microscopic constituents keeps unchanged. These results are quite valuable on further understanding the microstructure of the AdS black hole in modified gravity.
gr-qc/0311091
Yuri Obukhov
Yuri N. Obukhov
Two-dimensional metric-affine gravity
Revtex, 15 pages, no figures
Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 064009
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.064009
ESI-1413
gr-qc
null
There is a number of completely integrable gravity theories in two dimensions. We study the metric-affine approach on a 2-dimensional spacetime and display a new integrable model. Its properties are described and compared with the known results of Poincare gauge gravity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Nov 2003 12:41:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Obukhov", "Yuri N.", "" ] ]
There is a number of completely integrable gravity theories in two dimensions. We study the metric-affine approach on a 2-dimensional spacetime and display a new integrable model. Its properties are described and compared with the known results of Poincare gauge gravity.
gr-qc/0209066
Hwei-Jang Yo
Hwei-Jang Yo (University of Illinois), Thomas W. Baumgarte (Bowdoin College), and Stuart L. Shapiro (University of Illinois)
Improved numerical stability of stationary black hole evolution calculations
13 pages, 11 figures, 1 typo in Eq. (20) corrected
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 084026
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.084026
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We experiment with modifications of the BSSN form of the Einstein field equations (a reformulation of the ADM equations) and demonstrate how these modifications affect the stability of numerical black hole evolution calculations. We use excision to evolve both non-rotating and rotating Kerr-Schild black holes in octant and equatorial symmetry, and without any symmetry assumptions, and obtain accurate and stable simulations for specific angular momenta J/M of up to about 0.9M.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Sep 2002 20:00:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Aug 2003 08:12:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Yo", "Hwei-Jang", "", "University of Illinois" ], [ "Baumgarte", "Thomas W.", "", "Bowdoin\n College" ], [ "Shapiro", "Stuart L.", "", "University of Illinois" ] ]
We experiment with modifications of the BSSN form of the Einstein field equations (a reformulation of the ADM equations) and demonstrate how these modifications affect the stability of numerical black hole evolution calculations. We use excision to evolve both non-rotating and rotating Kerr-Schild black holes in octant and equatorial symmetry, and without any symmetry assumptions, and obtain accurate and stable simulations for specific angular momenta J/M of up to about 0.9M.
2308.10612
A. C. Khunt
Sagar V. Soni, A. C. Khunt and A. H. Hasmani
A Study of Morris-Thorne Wormhole in Einstein-Cartan Theory
20 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Preparing for submission to the International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
null
10.1142/S0219887824501159
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This paper focuses on the Einstein-Cartan theory, an extension of general relativity that incorporates a torsion tensor into spacetime. The differential form technique is employed to analyze the Einstein-Cartan theory, which replaces tensors with tetrads. A tetrad formalism, specifically the Newmann-Penrose-Jogia-Griffiths formalism, is used to study the field equations. The energy-momentum tensor is also determined, considering a Weyssenhoff fluid with anisotropic matter. The spin density is derived in terms of the red-shift function. We also examine the energy conditions at the throat of a Morris-Thorne wormhole. The results shed light on the properties of wormholes in the context of the Einstein-Cartan theory, including the energy conditions at the throat.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Aug 2023 10:22:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-27
[ [ "Soni", "Sagar V.", "" ], [ "Khunt", "A. C.", "" ], [ "Hasmani", "A. H.", "" ] ]
This paper focuses on the Einstein-Cartan theory, an extension of general relativity that incorporates a torsion tensor into spacetime. The differential form technique is employed to analyze the Einstein-Cartan theory, which replaces tensors with tetrads. A tetrad formalism, specifically the Newmann-Penrose-Jogia-Griffiths formalism, is used to study the field equations. The energy-momentum tensor is also determined, considering a Weyssenhoff fluid with anisotropic matter. The spin density is derived in terms of the red-shift function. We also examine the energy conditions at the throat of a Morris-Thorne wormhole. The results shed light on the properties of wormholes in the context of the Einstein-Cartan theory, including the energy conditions at the throat.
gr-qc/9306032
Pavol Kolnik
C. Klimcik, P. Kolnik, and A. Pompos
Black Hole with Non-Commutative Hair
10 pages, LaTeX, PRA-HEP-93/9
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
The specific nonlinear vector $\sigma$-model coupled to Einstein gravity is investigated. The model arises in the studies of the gravitating matter in non-commutative geometry. The static spherically symmetric spacetimes are identified by direct solving of the field equations. The asymptotically flat black hole with the ``non-commutative'' vector hair appears for the special choice of the integration constants, giving thus another counterexample to the famous ``no-hair'' theorem.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Jun 1993 13:30:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Klimcik", "C.", "" ], [ "Kolnik", "P.", "" ], [ "Pompos", "A.", "" ] ]
The specific nonlinear vector $\sigma$-model coupled to Einstein gravity is investigated. The model arises in the studies of the gravitating matter in non-commutative geometry. The static spherically symmetric spacetimes are identified by direct solving of the field equations. The asymptotically flat black hole with the ``non-commutative'' vector hair appears for the special choice of the integration constants, giving thus another counterexample to the famous ``no-hair'' theorem.
0707.0110
J. Frauendiener
J. Frauendiener and A. Kabobel
The static spherically symmetric body in relativistic elasticity
19 pages, 8 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.24:4817-4838,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/18/016
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper is discussed a class of static spherically symmetric solutions of the general relativistic elasticity equations. The main point of discussion is the comparison of two matter models given in terms of their stored energy functionals, i.e., the rule which gives the amount of energy stored in the system when it is deformed. Both functionals mimic (and for small deformations approximate) the classical Kirchhoff-St.Venant materials but differ in the strain variable used. We discuss the behavior of the systems for large deformations.
[ { "created": "Sun, 1 Jul 2007 14:43:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-04-16
[ [ "Frauendiener", "J.", "" ], [ "Kabobel", "A.", "" ] ]
In this paper is discussed a class of static spherically symmetric solutions of the general relativistic elasticity equations. The main point of discussion is the comparison of two matter models given in terms of their stored energy functionals, i.e., the rule which gives the amount of energy stored in the system when it is deformed. Both functionals mimic (and for small deformations approximate) the classical Kirchhoff-St.Venant materials but differ in the strain variable used. We discuss the behavior of the systems for large deformations.
1802.03470
Vahid Amirkhani
Mohammad A. Ganjali, Vahid Amirkhani, Ahmad ShamlouMehr
Non-Relativistic Fermion-Fermion Scattering in Higher Derivative Gravity
5 pages with 2 figures
null
10.1007/s12648-019-01469-9
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this note, we examine the scattering of two identical fermions in theories where fermionic fields minimally coupled to higher derivative gravity. In particular, we consider the extension of general relativity with $R^2$ corrections or non-local terms. We expand the action of fermions around the flat space background and obtain two fermion-one graviton vertex. Then, by considering the scattering amplitude of two fermions, we calculate the non-relativistic limit and that obtain the potential for two fermion-fermion interaction which would be the usual Newtonian potential corrected with a Yukawa-like term. At the end, we briefly discuss the astronomical effects of such Yukawa-like potential by computing the gravitational pressure of a spherical star and use it for a white dwarf to obtain quantum corrections of Chandrasekhar radius.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Feb 2018 22:23:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-22
[ [ "Ganjali", "Mohammad A.", "" ], [ "Amirkhani", "Vahid", "" ], [ "ShamlouMehr", "Ahmad", "" ] ]
In this note, we examine the scattering of two identical fermions in theories where fermionic fields minimally coupled to higher derivative gravity. In particular, we consider the extension of general relativity with $R^2$ corrections or non-local terms. We expand the action of fermions around the flat space background and obtain two fermion-one graviton vertex. Then, by considering the scattering amplitude of two fermions, we calculate the non-relativistic limit and that obtain the potential for two fermion-fermion interaction which would be the usual Newtonian potential corrected with a Yukawa-like term. At the end, we briefly discuss the astronomical effects of such Yukawa-like potential by computing the gravitational pressure of a spherical star and use it for a white dwarf to obtain quantum corrections of Chandrasekhar radius.
1504.04622
Peter Taylor
Peter Taylor and \'Eanna \'E. Flanagan
Static Self-Forces in a Five-Dimensional Black Hole Spacetime
Agrees with published version
Phys. Rev. D 92, 084032 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.084032
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We obtain the electric field and scalar field for a static point charge in closed form in the 5D Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole spacetime. We then compute the static self-force in each of these cases by assuming that the appropriate singular field is a 4D Hadamard Green's function on the constant time Riemannian slice. It is well known that the Hadamard Green's function involves an arbitrary regular biscalar $W_{0}(x,x')$, whose coincidence limit $w(x)$ appears in the expression for the self-force. We develop an axiomatic approach to reduce this arbitrary function to a single arbitrary dimensionless coefficient. We show that in the context of this approach to regularization, the self-force does not depend on any undetermined length-scale and need not depend on the internal structure of the charge.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Apr 2015 20:00:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 May 2015 18:25:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Nov 2015 20:59:35 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-11-19
[ [ "Taylor", "Peter", "" ], [ "Flanagan", "Éanna É.", "" ] ]
We obtain the electric field and scalar field for a static point charge in closed form in the 5D Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole spacetime. We then compute the static self-force in each of these cases by assuming that the appropriate singular field is a 4D Hadamard Green's function on the constant time Riemannian slice. It is well known that the Hadamard Green's function involves an arbitrary regular biscalar $W_{0}(x,x')$, whose coincidence limit $w(x)$ appears in the expression for the self-force. We develop an axiomatic approach to reduce this arbitrary function to a single arbitrary dimensionless coefficient. We show that in the context of this approach to regularization, the self-force does not depend on any undetermined length-scale and need not depend on the internal structure of the charge.
1510.08024
Otis Chodosh
Otis Chodosh, Yakov Shlapentokh-Rothman
Stationary axisymmetric black holes with matter
null
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.DG math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We provide a geometric framework for the construction of non-vacuum black holes whose metrics are stationary and axisymmetric. Under suitable assumptions we show that the Einstein equations reduce to an Einstein-harmonic map type system and analyze the compatibility of the resulting equations. This framework will be fundamental to our forthcoming construction of metric-stationary axisymmetric bifurcations of Kerr solving the Einstein--Klein--Gordon system, and as such, we include specializations of all of our formulas to the case of a time-periodic massive scalar field.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Oct 2015 18:39:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-10-28
[ [ "Chodosh", "Otis", "" ], [ "Shlapentokh-Rothman", "Yakov", "" ] ]
We provide a geometric framework for the construction of non-vacuum black holes whose metrics are stationary and axisymmetric. Under suitable assumptions we show that the Einstein equations reduce to an Einstein-harmonic map type system and analyze the compatibility of the resulting equations. This framework will be fundamental to our forthcoming construction of metric-stationary axisymmetric bifurcations of Kerr solving the Einstein--Klein--Gordon system, and as such, we include specializations of all of our formulas to the case of a time-periodic massive scalar field.
gr-qc/0601004
Romesh K. Kaul
Romesh K. Kaul
Gauge Theory of Gravity and Supergravity
27 pages
Phys.Rev.D73:065027,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.73.065027
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We present a formulation of gravity in terms of a theory based on complex SU(2) gauge fields with a general coordinate invariant action functional quadratic in the field strength. Self-duality or anti-self-duality of the field strength emerges as a constraint from the equations of motion of this theory. This in turn leads to Einstein gravity equations for a dilaton and an axion conformally coupled to gravity for the self-dual constraint. The analysis has also been extended to N=1 and 2 super Yang-Mills theory of complex SU(2) gauge fields. This leads, besides other equations of motion, to self-duality/anti-self-duality of generalized supercovariant field-strengths. The self-dual case is then shown to yield as its solutions $N = 1, 2$ supergravity equations respectively.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Jan 2006 08:25:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kaul", "Romesh K.", "" ] ]
We present a formulation of gravity in terms of a theory based on complex SU(2) gauge fields with a general coordinate invariant action functional quadratic in the field strength. Self-duality or anti-self-duality of the field strength emerges as a constraint from the equations of motion of this theory. This in turn leads to Einstein gravity equations for a dilaton and an axion conformally coupled to gravity for the self-dual constraint. The analysis has also been extended to N=1 and 2 super Yang-Mills theory of complex SU(2) gauge fields. This leads, besides other equations of motion, to self-duality/anti-self-duality of generalized supercovariant field-strengths. The self-dual case is then shown to yield as its solutions $N = 1, 2$ supergravity equations respectively.
2010.03462
Emmanuel Frion
Emmanuel Frion
Quantum Effects in Cosmology
PhD Thesis, 163 pages, 30 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum effects play an essential role in modern cosmology. Perhaps the most striking example comes from large-scale structures, generally assumed to originate from vacuum quantum fluctuations and stretched by an expansion phase. Inflation is the leading paradigm in explaining this process. The various observational successes of inflationary models drive the scientific community into elaborating more and more stringent tests, which can simultaneously be used to probe beyond the simple slow-roll, single field inflation. However, inflation is not a theory, and going beyond inflation is a necessity. Various alternatives and/or complementary mechanisms to inflation have been invoked in the literature. The best-known cosmological models endowed with the capacity of explaining large-scale observations while avoiding the singularity form a class called non-singular bouncing models. The main features of these models are the presence of a contraction phase before expansion, and a never-vanishing scale factor. A non-singular bounce generally appears when quantum effects are part of the model, playing the role of a regulator leading to the avoidance of singularities. This thesis focuses on a Hamiltonian formulation of quantum effects in cosmology. We first explore stochastic perturbations in a collapsing universe. Then, we show that quantum cosmology with Bohmian mechanics resolves the initial singularity. Adding a non-minimal coupling of gravity with electromagnetism, we show that the generation of magnetic fields is possible. Finally, we apply the affine quantisation on the Brans-Dicke Theory, the prototype of modified gravity theories, and we discuss the quantum equivalence of the Jordan and Einstein frames within this framework. We show that in both frames a smooth bounce is expected, and that equivalence between frames holds at the quantum level.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Oct 2020 14:56:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-10-08
[ [ "Frion", "Emmanuel", "" ] ]
Quantum effects play an essential role in modern cosmology. Perhaps the most striking example comes from large-scale structures, generally assumed to originate from vacuum quantum fluctuations and stretched by an expansion phase. Inflation is the leading paradigm in explaining this process. The various observational successes of inflationary models drive the scientific community into elaborating more and more stringent tests, which can simultaneously be used to probe beyond the simple slow-roll, single field inflation. However, inflation is not a theory, and going beyond inflation is a necessity. Various alternatives and/or complementary mechanisms to inflation have been invoked in the literature. The best-known cosmological models endowed with the capacity of explaining large-scale observations while avoiding the singularity form a class called non-singular bouncing models. The main features of these models are the presence of a contraction phase before expansion, and a never-vanishing scale factor. A non-singular bounce generally appears when quantum effects are part of the model, playing the role of a regulator leading to the avoidance of singularities. This thesis focuses on a Hamiltonian formulation of quantum effects in cosmology. We first explore stochastic perturbations in a collapsing universe. Then, we show that quantum cosmology with Bohmian mechanics resolves the initial singularity. Adding a non-minimal coupling of gravity with electromagnetism, we show that the generation of magnetic fields is possible. Finally, we apply the affine quantisation on the Brans-Dicke Theory, the prototype of modified gravity theories, and we discuss the quantum equivalence of the Jordan and Einstein frames within this framework. We show that in both frames a smooth bounce is expected, and that equivalence between frames holds at the quantum level.
0907.0414
Robert M. Wald
Samuel E. Gralla and Robert M. Wald
Derivation of Gravitational Self-Force
9 pages, no figures; to appear in proceedings of CNRS School on Mass
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the issue of ``particle motion'' in general relativity in a systematic and rigorous way by considering a one-parameter family of metrics corresponding to having a body (or black hole) that is ``scaled down'' to zero size and mass in an appropriate manner. We prove that the limiting worldline of such a one-parameter family must be a geodesic of the background metric and obtain the leading order perturbative corrections, which include gravitational self-force, spin force, and geodesic deviation effects. The status the MiSaTaQuWa equation is explained as a candidate ``self-consistent perturbative equation'' associated with our rigorous perturbative result
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Jul 2009 15:51:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-07-03
[ [ "Gralla", "Samuel E.", "" ], [ "Wald", "Robert M.", "" ] ]
We analyze the issue of ``particle motion'' in general relativity in a systematic and rigorous way by considering a one-parameter family of metrics corresponding to having a body (or black hole) that is ``scaled down'' to zero size and mass in an appropriate manner. We prove that the limiting worldline of such a one-parameter family must be a geodesic of the background metric and obtain the leading order perturbative corrections, which include gravitational self-force, spin force, and geodesic deviation effects. The status the MiSaTaQuWa equation is explained as a candidate ``self-consistent perturbative equation'' associated with our rigorous perturbative result
1202.4951
Alexis Larranaga PhD
Alexis Larranaga, Luis Cabarique
Advance of Planetary Perihelion in Post-Newtonian Gravity
7 pages, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present an elementary derivation of the planetary advance of the perihelion for a general spherically symmetric line element in the post- newtonian approximation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Feb 2012 16:16:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-02-23
[ [ "Larranaga", "Alexis", "" ], [ "Cabarique", "Luis", "" ] ]
We present an elementary derivation of the planetary advance of the perihelion for a general spherically symmetric line element in the post- newtonian approximation.
2105.00540
Carlo Rovelli
Carlo Rovelli
The layers that build up the notion of time
7 pages, Contribution to the volume 'Time and Science', R. Lestienne and P. Harris eds., World Scientific
null
null
null
gr-qc physics.hist-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Confusion and disagreement around the notion of time is due to the fact that we often fail to recognize that we call 'time' a variety of distinct notions, only partially related to one another. Many apparently obvious properties of time are results of different kinds of approximations, idealizations, or special contexts. I illustrate a number of distinct notions of time, their differences and relations; they are all relevant for describing the real world. To understand time, we have to break it apart.
[ { "created": "Sun, 2 May 2021 19:49:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 May 2021 22:59:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-05-18
[ [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ] ]
Confusion and disagreement around the notion of time is due to the fact that we often fail to recognize that we call 'time' a variety of distinct notions, only partially related to one another. Many apparently obvious properties of time are results of different kinds of approximations, idealizations, or special contexts. I illustrate a number of distinct notions of time, their differences and relations; they are all relevant for describing the real world. To understand time, we have to break it apart.
gr-qc/0010111
Sanjay Jhingan
S. Jhingan, N. Dadhich and P. S. Joshi
Gravitational Collapse in Constant Potential Bath
LaTex 12 Pages, 2 figures. To appear in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) 044010
10.1103/PhysRevD.63.044010
null
gr-qc
null
We analyse here the gravitational collapse of directed null radiation in a background with a constant potential such as one produced by a star system like galaxy in which the collapsing object is immersed. Both naked singularities and black holes are shown to be developing as the final outcome of the collapse. An interesting feature that emerges is that a part of the naked singularity spectrum in collapsing Vaidya region gets covered in the corresponding dual-Vaidya region, which corresponds to the Vaidya directed null radiation sitting in constant potential bath. The implications of such a result towards the issue of stability of naked singularities are discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Oct 2000 08:40:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Jhingan", "S.", "" ], [ "Dadhich", "N.", "" ], [ "Joshi", "P. S.", "" ] ]
We analyse here the gravitational collapse of directed null radiation in a background with a constant potential such as one produced by a star system like galaxy in which the collapsing object is immersed. Both naked singularities and black holes are shown to be developing as the final outcome of the collapse. An interesting feature that emerges is that a part of the naked singularity spectrum in collapsing Vaidya region gets covered in the corresponding dual-Vaidya region, which corresponds to the Vaidya directed null radiation sitting in constant potential bath. The implications of such a result towards the issue of stability of naked singularities are discussed.
gr-qc/0307049
Petr Slan\'y
Z. Stuchlik, P. Slany
Equatorial circular orbits in the Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes
24 pages, 19 figures, REVTeX 4
Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 064001
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.064001
null
gr-qc
null
Equatorial motion of test particles in the Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes is considered. Circular orbits are determined, their properties are discussed for both the black-hole and naked-singularity spacetimes, and their relevance for thin accretion discs is established.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 12:47:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Apr 2004 07:05:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Stuchlik", "Z.", "" ], [ "Slany", "P.", "" ] ]
Equatorial motion of test particles in the Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes is considered. Circular orbits are determined, their properties are discussed for both the black-hole and naked-singularity spacetimes, and their relevance for thin accretion discs is established.
1412.7567
Hemza Azri
Hemza Azri and A. Bounames
Cosmological Consequences of a Variable Cosmological Constant Model
Accepted in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 26, 1750060 (2017)
10.1142/S0218271817500602
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive a model of dark energy which evolves with time via the scale factor. The equation of state $\omega=(1-2\alpha)/(1+2\alpha)$ is studied as a function of a parameter $\alpha$ introduced in this model. In addition to the recent accelerated expansion, the model predicts another decelerated phase. The age of the universe is found to be almost consistent with observation. In the limiting case, the cosmological constant model, we find that vacuum energy gravitates with a gravitational strength, different than Newton's constant. This enables degravitation of the vacuum energy which in turn produces the tiny observed curvature, rather than a 120 orders of magnitude larger value.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Dec 2014 22:25:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 25 Sep 2016 11:40:52 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Dec 2016 13:19:12 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-06-20
[ [ "Azri", "Hemza", "" ], [ "Bounames", "A.", "" ] ]
We derive a model of dark energy which evolves with time via the scale factor. The equation of state $\omega=(1-2\alpha)/(1+2\alpha)$ is studied as a function of a parameter $\alpha$ introduced in this model. In addition to the recent accelerated expansion, the model predicts another decelerated phase. The age of the universe is found to be almost consistent with observation. In the limiting case, the cosmological constant model, we find that vacuum energy gravitates with a gravitational strength, different than Newton's constant. This enables degravitation of the vacuum energy which in turn produces the tiny observed curvature, rather than a 120 orders of magnitude larger value.
1609.05901
Tristan Smith
Tristan L. Smith (Swarthmore College) and Robert Caldwell (Dartmouth College)
Sensitivity to a Frequency-Dependent Circular Polarization in an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
18 pages, 8 figures, comments welcome
Phys. Rev. D 95, 044036 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.044036
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the sensitivity to a circular polarization of an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background (ISGWB) as a function of frequency for ground- and space-based interferometers and observations of the cosmic microwave background. The origin of a circularly polarized ISGWB may be due to exotic primordial physics (i.e., parity violation in the early universe) and may be strongly frequency dependent. We present calculations within a coherent framework which clarifies the basic requirements for sensitivity to circular polarization, in distinction from previous work which focused on each of these techniques separately. We find that the addition of an interferometer with the sensitivity of the Einstein Telescope in the southern hemisphere improves the sensitivity of the ground-based network to circular polarization by about a factor of two. The sensitivity curves presented in this paper make clear that the wide range in frequencies of current and planned observations ($10^{-18}\ {\rm Hz} \lesssim f \lesssim 100\ {\rm Hz}$) will be critical to determining the physics that underlies any positive detection of circular polarization in the ISGWB. We also identify a desert in circular polarization sensitivity for frequencies between $10^{-15}\ {\rm Hz} \lesssim f \lesssim 10^{-3}\ {\rm Hz}$, given the inability for pulsar timing arrays and indirect-detection methods to distinguish the gravitational wave polarization.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Sep 2016 20:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-03-01
[ [ "Smith", "Tristan L.", "", "Swarthmore College" ], [ "Caldwell", "Robert", "", "Dartmouth\n College" ] ]
We calculate the sensitivity to a circular polarization of an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background (ISGWB) as a function of frequency for ground- and space-based interferometers and observations of the cosmic microwave background. The origin of a circularly polarized ISGWB may be due to exotic primordial physics (i.e., parity violation in the early universe) and may be strongly frequency dependent. We present calculations within a coherent framework which clarifies the basic requirements for sensitivity to circular polarization, in distinction from previous work which focused on each of these techniques separately. We find that the addition of an interferometer with the sensitivity of the Einstein Telescope in the southern hemisphere improves the sensitivity of the ground-based network to circular polarization by about a factor of two. The sensitivity curves presented in this paper make clear that the wide range in frequencies of current and planned observations ($10^{-18}\ {\rm Hz} \lesssim f \lesssim 100\ {\rm Hz}$) will be critical to determining the physics that underlies any positive detection of circular polarization in the ISGWB. We also identify a desert in circular polarization sensitivity for frequencies between $10^{-15}\ {\rm Hz} \lesssim f \lesssim 10^{-3}\ {\rm Hz}$, given the inability for pulsar timing arrays and indirect-detection methods to distinguish the gravitational wave polarization.
2209.10976
Vitalii Vertogradov
Vitalii Vertogradov
The Negative Energy in Generalized Vaidya Spacetime
18 pages
Universe 2020, 6(9), 155
10.3390/universe6090155
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper we consider the negative energy problem in generalized Vaidya spacetime. We consider several models when we have the naked singularity as a result of the gravitational collapse. In these models we investigate the geodesics for particles with negative energy when the II type of the matter field satisfies the equation of the state $P=\alpha \rho$ ($\alpha \in [0\,, 1]$).
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Sep 2022 13:03:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-23
[ [ "Vertogradov", "Vitalii", "" ] ]
In this paper we consider the negative energy problem in generalized Vaidya spacetime. We consider several models when we have the naked singularity as a result of the gravitational collapse. In these models we investigate the geodesics for particles with negative energy when the II type of the matter field satisfies the equation of the state $P=\alpha \rho$ ($\alpha \in [0\,, 1]$).
2110.02448
Barak Shoshany
Barak Shoshany and Jared Wogan
Wormhole Time Machines and Multiple Histories
28 pages, 5 figures, source code available at https://github.com/bshoshany/WormholeParadoxSimulation
Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 55, 44 (2023)
10.1007/s10714-023-03094-8
null
gr-qc physics.hist-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a previous paper, we showed that a class of time travel paradoxes which cannot be resolved using Novikov's self-consistency conjecture can be resolved by assuming the existence of multiple histories or parallel timelines. However, our proof was obtained using a simplistic toy model, which was formulated using contrived laws of physics. In the present paper we define and analyze a new model of time travel paradoxes, which is more compatible with known physics. This model consists of a traversable Morris-Thorne wormhole time machine in 3+1 spacetime dimensions. We define the spacetime topology and geometry of the model, calculate the geodesics of objects passing through the time machine, and prove that this model inevitably leads to paradoxes which cannot be resolved using Novikov's conjecture, but can be resolved using multiple histories. An open-source simulation of our new model using Mathematica is available for download on GitHub. We also provide additional arguments against the Novikov self-consistency conjecture by considering two new paradoxes, the switch paradox and the password paradox, for which assuming self-consistency inevitably leads to counter-intuitive consequences. Our new results provide more substantial support to our claim that if time travel is possible, then multiple histories or parallel timelines must also be possible.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Oct 2021 01:36:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 21 Aug 2022 21:44:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 15 Mar 2023 15:42:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-03-16
[ [ "Shoshany", "Barak", "" ], [ "Wogan", "Jared", "" ] ]
In a previous paper, we showed that a class of time travel paradoxes which cannot be resolved using Novikov's self-consistency conjecture can be resolved by assuming the existence of multiple histories or parallel timelines. However, our proof was obtained using a simplistic toy model, which was formulated using contrived laws of physics. In the present paper we define and analyze a new model of time travel paradoxes, which is more compatible with known physics. This model consists of a traversable Morris-Thorne wormhole time machine in 3+1 spacetime dimensions. We define the spacetime topology and geometry of the model, calculate the geodesics of objects passing through the time machine, and prove that this model inevitably leads to paradoxes which cannot be resolved using Novikov's conjecture, but can be resolved using multiple histories. An open-source simulation of our new model using Mathematica is available for download on GitHub. We also provide additional arguments against the Novikov self-consistency conjecture by considering two new paradoxes, the switch paradox and the password paradox, for which assuming self-consistency inevitably leads to counter-intuitive consequences. Our new results provide more substantial support to our claim that if time travel is possible, then multiple histories or parallel timelines must also be possible.
2212.00804
Ali \"Ovg\"un Dr.
Wajiha Javed, Sibgha Riaz, Reggie C. Pantig and Ali \"Ovg\"un
Weak Gravitational Lensing in Dark Matter and Plasma Mediums for Wormhole-like Static Aether Solution
12 pages. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal C (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11030-4)
Eur. Phys. J. C 82, 1057 (2022)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11030-4
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we study the deflection angle for wormhole-like static aether solution by using Gibbons and Werner technique in non-plasma, plasma, and dark matter mediums. For this purpose, we use optical spacetime geometry to calculate the Gaussian optical curvature, then implement the Gauss-Bonnet theorem in weak field limits. Moreover, we compute the deflection angle by using a technique known as Keeton and Petters technique. Furthermore, we analyze the graphical behavior of the bending angle $\psi$ with respect to the impact parameter $b$, mass $m$ as an integration constant, and parameter $q$ in non-plasma and plasma mediums. We examine that the deflection angle is exponentially increasing as direct with charge. Also, we observe that for small values of $b$, $\psi$ increases, and for large values of $b$ the angle decreases. We also considered analysis to the shadow cast of the wormhole relative to an observer at various locations. Comparing it the Schwarzschild shadow, shadow cast is possible for wormhole as $r<2m$. At $r>2m$, the Schwarzschild is larger. As $r\to \infty$, we have seen that the behavior of the shadow, as well as the weak deflection angle, approaches that of the Schwarzschild black hole. Overall, the effect of plasma tends to decrease the value of the observables due to the wormhole geometry.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Dec 2022 16:54:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-12-05
[ [ "Javed", "Wajiha", "" ], [ "Riaz", "Sibgha", "" ], [ "Pantig", "Reggie C.", "" ], [ "Övgün", "Ali", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the deflection angle for wormhole-like static aether solution by using Gibbons and Werner technique in non-plasma, plasma, and dark matter mediums. For this purpose, we use optical spacetime geometry to calculate the Gaussian optical curvature, then implement the Gauss-Bonnet theorem in weak field limits. Moreover, we compute the deflection angle by using a technique known as Keeton and Petters technique. Furthermore, we analyze the graphical behavior of the bending angle $\psi$ with respect to the impact parameter $b$, mass $m$ as an integration constant, and parameter $q$ in non-plasma and plasma mediums. We examine that the deflection angle is exponentially increasing as direct with charge. Also, we observe that for small values of $b$, $\psi$ increases, and for large values of $b$ the angle decreases. We also considered analysis to the shadow cast of the wormhole relative to an observer at various locations. Comparing it the Schwarzschild shadow, shadow cast is possible for wormhole as $r<2m$. At $r>2m$, the Schwarzschild is larger. As $r\to \infty$, we have seen that the behavior of the shadow, as well as the weak deflection angle, approaches that of the Schwarzschild black hole. Overall, the effect of plasma tends to decrease the value of the observables due to the wormhole geometry.
gr-qc/0505026
Vojt\v{e}ch Pravda
A. Pravdova, V. Pravda, A. Coley
A note on the peeling theorem in higher dimensions
5 pages, to appear in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.22:2535-2538,2005
10.1088/0264-9381/22/13/001
null
gr-qc
null
We demonstrate the ``peeling property'' of the Weyl tensor in higher dimensions in the case of even dimensions (and with some additional assumptions), thereby providing a first step towards understanding of the general peeling behaviour of the Weyl tensor, and the asymptotic structure at null infinity, in higher dimensions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 May 2005 20:24:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Pravdova", "A.", "" ], [ "Pravda", "V.", "" ], [ "Coley", "A.", "" ] ]
We demonstrate the ``peeling property'' of the Weyl tensor in higher dimensions in the case of even dimensions (and with some additional assumptions), thereby providing a first step towards understanding of the general peeling behaviour of the Weyl tensor, and the asymptotic structure at null infinity, in higher dimensions.
gr-qc/0308015
I. P. Costa E. Silva
J. Castineiras, I.P. Costa e Silva and G.E.A. Matsas
Interaction of Hawking radiation with static sources in deSitter and Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetimes
ReVTeX4 file, 9 pages, 5 figures
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 084022
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.084022
null
gr-qc
null
We study and look for similarities between the response rates $R^{\rm dS}(a_0, \Lambda)$ and $R^{\rm SdS}(a_0, \Lambda, M)$ of a static scalar source with constant proper acceleration $a_0$ interacting with a massless, conformally coupled Klein-Gordon field in (i) deSitter spacetime, in the Euclidean vacuum, which describes a thermal flux of radiation emanating from the deSitter cosmological horizon, and in (ii) Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetime, in the Gibbons-Hawking vacuum, which describes thermal fluxes of radiation emanating from both the hole and the cosmological horizons, respectively, where $\Lambda$ is the cosmological constant and $M$ is the black hole mass. After performing the field quantization in each of the above spacetimes, we obtain the response rates at the tree level in terms of an infinite sum of zero-energy field modes possessing all possible angular momentum quantum numbers. In the case of deSitter spacetime, this formula is worked out and a closed, analytical form is obtained. In the case of Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetime such a closed formula could not be obtained, and a numerical analysis is performed. We conclude, in particular, that $R^{\rm dS}(a_0, \Lambda)$ and $R^{\rm SdS}(a_0, \Lambda, M)$ do not coincide in general, but tend to each other when $\Lambda \to 0$ or $a_0 \to \infty$. Our results are also contrasted and shown to agree (in the proper limits) with related ones in the literature.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Aug 2003 17:48:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Castineiras", "J.", "" ], [ "Silva", "I. P. Costa e", "" ], [ "Matsas", "G. E. A.", "" ] ]
We study and look for similarities between the response rates $R^{\rm dS}(a_0, \Lambda)$ and $R^{\rm SdS}(a_0, \Lambda, M)$ of a static scalar source with constant proper acceleration $a_0$ interacting with a massless, conformally coupled Klein-Gordon field in (i) deSitter spacetime, in the Euclidean vacuum, which describes a thermal flux of radiation emanating from the deSitter cosmological horizon, and in (ii) Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetime, in the Gibbons-Hawking vacuum, which describes thermal fluxes of radiation emanating from both the hole and the cosmological horizons, respectively, where $\Lambda$ is the cosmological constant and $M$ is the black hole mass. After performing the field quantization in each of the above spacetimes, we obtain the response rates at the tree level in terms of an infinite sum of zero-energy field modes possessing all possible angular momentum quantum numbers. In the case of deSitter spacetime, this formula is worked out and a closed, analytical form is obtained. In the case of Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetime such a closed formula could not be obtained, and a numerical analysis is performed. We conclude, in particular, that $R^{\rm dS}(a_0, \Lambda)$ and $R^{\rm SdS}(a_0, \Lambda, M)$ do not coincide in general, but tend to each other when $\Lambda \to 0$ or $a_0 \to \infty$. Our results are also contrasted and shown to agree (in the proper limits) with related ones in the literature.
1402.2592
Behnam Pourhassan
E.O. Kahya, M. Khurshudyan, B. Pourhassan, R. Myrzakulov, A. Pasqua
Higher order corrections of the extended Chaplygin gas cosmology with varying $G$ and $\Lambda$
Perturbation analysis added, typos corrected, references added
The European Physical Journal C 75 (2015) 43
10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3263-6
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study two different models of dark energy based on Chaplygin gas equation of state. The first model is the variable modified Chaplygin gas while the second one is the extended Chaplygin gas. Both models are considered in the framework of higher order $f(R)$ modified gravity. We also consider the case of time varying gravitational constant $G$ and $\Lambda$ for both models. We investigate some cosmological parameters such as the Hubble, the deceleration and the equation of state parameters. Then we showed that the model that we considered, extended Chaplygin gas with time-dependent $G$ and $\Lambda$, is consistent with the observational data. Finally we conclude with the discussion of cosmological perturbations of our model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Feb 2014 18:23:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Aug 2014 20:31:32 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Oct 2014 08:46:08 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Dec 2014 19:17:56 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2015-02-10
[ [ "Kahya", "E. O.", "" ], [ "Khurshudyan", "M.", "" ], [ "Pourhassan", "B.", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "R.", "" ], [ "Pasqua", "A.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study two different models of dark energy based on Chaplygin gas equation of state. The first model is the variable modified Chaplygin gas while the second one is the extended Chaplygin gas. Both models are considered in the framework of higher order $f(R)$ modified gravity. We also consider the case of time varying gravitational constant $G$ and $\Lambda$ for both models. We investigate some cosmological parameters such as the Hubble, the deceleration and the equation of state parameters. Then we showed that the model that we considered, extended Chaplygin gas with time-dependent $G$ and $\Lambda$, is consistent with the observational data. Finally we conclude with the discussion of cosmological perturbations of our model.
1402.6491
Anuj Kumar Dubey Mr.
Anuj Kumar Dubey and A K Sen
An analysis of gravitational redshift from rotating body
arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1310.0987
International Journal of Theoretical Physics 54(7), 2398 (2014)
10.1007/s10773-014-2464-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational redshift is generally calculated without considering the rotation of a body. Neglecting the rotation, the geometry of space time can be described by using the spherically symmetric Schwarzschild geometry. Rotation has great effect on general relativity, which gives new challenges on gravitational redshift. When rotation is taken into consideration spherical symmetry is lost and off diagonal terms appear in the metric. The geometry of space time can be then described by using the solutions of Kerr family. In the present paper we discuss the gravitational redshift for rotating body by using Kerr metric. The numerical calculations has been done under Newtonian approximation of angular momentum. It has been found that the value of gravitational redshift is influenced by the direction of spin of central body and also on the position (latitude) on the central body at which the photon is emitted. The variation of gravitational redshift from equatorial to non - equatorial region has been calculated and its implications are discussed in detail.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Feb 2014 11:13:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 May 2014 12:32:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-10-19
[ [ "Dubey", "Anuj Kumar", "" ], [ "Sen", "A K", "" ] ]
Gravitational redshift is generally calculated without considering the rotation of a body. Neglecting the rotation, the geometry of space time can be described by using the spherically symmetric Schwarzschild geometry. Rotation has great effect on general relativity, which gives new challenges on gravitational redshift. When rotation is taken into consideration spherical symmetry is lost and off diagonal terms appear in the metric. The geometry of space time can be then described by using the solutions of Kerr family. In the present paper we discuss the gravitational redshift for rotating body by using Kerr metric. The numerical calculations has been done under Newtonian approximation of angular momentum. It has been found that the value of gravitational redshift is influenced by the direction of spin of central body and also on the position (latitude) on the central body at which the photon is emitted. The variation of gravitational redshift from equatorial to non - equatorial region has been calculated and its implications are discussed in detail.
gr-qc/0301047
Aleksandar Mikovic
A. Mikovic
Quantum Gravity Vacuum and Invariants of Embedded Spin Networks
15 pages, revised version to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.20:3483-3492,2003
10.1088/0264-9381/20/15/314
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We show that the path integral for the three-dimensional SU(2) BF theory with a Wilson loop or a spin network function inserted can be understood as the Rovelli-Smolin loop transform of a wavefunction in the Ashtekar connection representation, where the wavefunction satisfies the constraints of quantum general relativity with zero cosmological constant. This wavefunction is given as a product of the delta functions of the SU(2) field strength and therefore it can be naturally associated to a flat connection spacetime. The loop transform can be defined rigorously via the quantum SU(2) group, as a spin foam state sum model, so that one obtains invariants of spin networks embedded in a three-manifold. These invariants define a flat connection vacuum state in the q-deformed spin network basis. We then propose a modification of this construction in order to obtain a vacuum state corresponding to the flat metric spacetime.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Jan 2003 17:08:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Jun 2003 13:06:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-01-16
[ [ "Mikovic", "A.", "" ] ]
We show that the path integral for the three-dimensional SU(2) BF theory with a Wilson loop or a spin network function inserted can be understood as the Rovelli-Smolin loop transform of a wavefunction in the Ashtekar connection representation, where the wavefunction satisfies the constraints of quantum general relativity with zero cosmological constant. This wavefunction is given as a product of the delta functions of the SU(2) field strength and therefore it can be naturally associated to a flat connection spacetime. The loop transform can be defined rigorously via the quantum SU(2) group, as a spin foam state sum model, so that one obtains invariants of spin networks embedded in a three-manifold. These invariants define a flat connection vacuum state in the q-deformed spin network basis. We then propose a modification of this construction in order to obtain a vacuum state corresponding to the flat metric spacetime.
2011.12305
Justin Feng
Justin C. Feng and Shinji Mukohyama and Sante Carloni
Minimal exponential measure model in the post-Newtonian limit
14 pages, 3 figures. Matches published version
Phys. Rev. D 103, 084055 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.084055
YITP-20-152, IPMU20-0122
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine the post-Newtonian limit of the minimal exponential measure (MEMe) model presented in [J. C. Feng, S. Carloni, Phys. Rev. D 101, 064002 (2020)] using an extension of the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism which is also suitable for other type-I minimally modified Gravity theories. The new PPN expansion is then used to calculate the monopole term of the post-Newtonian gravitational potential and to perform an analysis of circular orbits within spherically symmetric matter distributions. The latter shows that the behavior does not differ significantly from that of general relativity for realistic values of the MEMe model parameter $q$. Instead the former shows that one can use precision measurements of Newton's constant $G$ to improve the constraint on $q$ by up to $10$ orders of magnitude.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Nov 2020 19:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 29 Apr 2021 16:09:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-30
[ [ "Feng", "Justin C.", "" ], [ "Mukohyama", "Shinji", "" ], [ "Carloni", "Sante", "" ] ]
We examine the post-Newtonian limit of the minimal exponential measure (MEMe) model presented in [J. C. Feng, S. Carloni, Phys. Rev. D 101, 064002 (2020)] using an extension of the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism which is also suitable for other type-I minimally modified Gravity theories. The new PPN expansion is then used to calculate the monopole term of the post-Newtonian gravitational potential and to perform an analysis of circular orbits within spherically symmetric matter distributions. The latter shows that the behavior does not differ significantly from that of general relativity for realistic values of the MEMe model parameter $q$. Instead the former shows that one can use precision measurements of Newton's constant $G$ to improve the constraint on $q$ by up to $10$ orders of magnitude.
2103.14555
V. G. Gurzadyan
V.G. Gurzadyan, A. Stepanian
Cosmological constant, information and gedanken experiments with black hole horizons
7 pages; Eur Phys J Plus (in press); the published version
Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 361 (2021)
10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01374-3
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The cosmological constant if considered as a fundamental constant, provides an information treatment for gravitation problems, both cosmological and of black holes. The efficiency of that approach is shown via gedanken experiments for the information behavior of the horizons for Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Kerr-de Sitter metrics. A notion of entropy regarding any observer and in all possible non-extreme black hole solutions is suggested, linked also to Bekenstein bound. The suggested information approach forbids the existence of naked singularities.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Mar 2021 07:27:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 Apr 2021 11:47:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-08
[ [ "Gurzadyan", "V. G.", "" ], [ "Stepanian", "A.", "" ] ]
The cosmological constant if considered as a fundamental constant, provides an information treatment for gravitation problems, both cosmological and of black holes. The efficiency of that approach is shown via gedanken experiments for the information behavior of the horizons for Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Kerr-de Sitter metrics. A notion of entropy regarding any observer and in all possible non-extreme black hole solutions is suggested, linked also to Bekenstein bound. The suggested information approach forbids the existence of naked singularities.
2406.05150
Iarley P. Lobo Dr
Iarley P. Lobo, Christian Pfeifer
Experimental Bounds on Deformed Muon Lifetime Dilation
4 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We analyze Planck scale induced modifications of the relativistic time dilation using data from the Muon Storage Ring experiment at CERN. By examining the lifetimes of muons, we establish, for the first time, a constraint on such quantum gravity-inspired deformations using this channel.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Jun 2024 21:28:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-11
[ [ "Lobo", "Iarley P.", "" ], [ "Pfeifer", "Christian", "" ] ]
We analyze Planck scale induced modifications of the relativistic time dilation using data from the Muon Storage Ring experiment at CERN. By examining the lifetimes of muons, we establish, for the first time, a constraint on such quantum gravity-inspired deformations using this channel.
2211.08821
David Rumler
David Rumler, Andreas Kleinw\"achter, Reinhard Meinel
Geometry of charged rotating discs of dust in Einstein-Maxwell theory
26 pages, 16 figures; v4: correction in section 5.6
Gen Relativ Gravit 55, 35 (2023)
10.1007/s10714-023-03086-8
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Within the framework of Einstein-Maxwell theory geometric properties of charged rotating discs of dust, using a post-Newtonian expansion up to tenth order, are discussed. Investigating the disc's proper radius and the proper circumference allows us to address questions related to the Ehrenfest paradox. In the Newtonian limit there is an agreement with a rotating disc from special relativity. The charged rotating disc of dust also possesses material-like properties. A fundamental geometric property of the disc is its Gaussian curvature. The result obtained for the charged rotating disc of dust is checked by additionally calculating the Gaussian curvature of the analytic limiting cases (charged rotating) Maclaurin disc, electrically counterpoised dust-disc and uncharged rotating disc of dust. We find that by increasing the disc's specific charge there occurs a transition from negative to positive curvature.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Nov 2022 10:40:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Dec 2022 15:10:31 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 31 Jan 2023 10:51:36 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Feb 2023 14:39:14 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2023-02-14
[ [ "Rumler", "David", "" ], [ "Kleinwächter", "Andreas", "" ], [ "Meinel", "Reinhard", "" ] ]
Within the framework of Einstein-Maxwell theory geometric properties of charged rotating discs of dust, using a post-Newtonian expansion up to tenth order, are discussed. Investigating the disc's proper radius and the proper circumference allows us to address questions related to the Ehrenfest paradox. In the Newtonian limit there is an agreement with a rotating disc from special relativity. The charged rotating disc of dust also possesses material-like properties. A fundamental geometric property of the disc is its Gaussian curvature. The result obtained for the charged rotating disc of dust is checked by additionally calculating the Gaussian curvature of the analytic limiting cases (charged rotating) Maclaurin disc, electrically counterpoised dust-disc and uncharged rotating disc of dust. We find that by increasing the disc's specific charge there occurs a transition from negative to positive curvature.
1807.08628
Alan Coley
Alan A. Coley
Mathematical General Relativity
null
null
10.1007/s10714-019-2559-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a number of open problems within general relativity. After a brief introduction to some technical mathematical issues and the famous singularity theorems, we discuss the cosmic censorship hypothesis and the Penrose inequality, the uniqueness of black hole solutions and the stability of Kerr spacetime and the final state conjecture, critical phenomena and the Einstein-Yang--Mills equations, and a number of other problems in classical general relativity. We then broaden the scope and discuss some mathematical problems motivated by quantum gravity, including AdS/CFT correspondence and problems in higher dimensions and, in particular, the instability of anti-de Sitter spacetime, and in cosmology, including the cosmological constant problem and dark energy, the stability of de Sitter spacetime and cosmological singularities and spikes. Finally, we briefly discuss some problems in numerical relativity and relativistic astrophysics.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Jul 2018 23:18:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Aug 2018 01:57:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-07-10
[ [ "Coley", "Alan A.", "" ] ]
We present a number of open problems within general relativity. After a brief introduction to some technical mathematical issues and the famous singularity theorems, we discuss the cosmic censorship hypothesis and the Penrose inequality, the uniqueness of black hole solutions and the stability of Kerr spacetime and the final state conjecture, critical phenomena and the Einstein-Yang--Mills equations, and a number of other problems in classical general relativity. We then broaden the scope and discuss some mathematical problems motivated by quantum gravity, including AdS/CFT correspondence and problems in higher dimensions and, in particular, the instability of anti-de Sitter spacetime, and in cosmology, including the cosmological constant problem and dark energy, the stability of de Sitter spacetime and cosmological singularities and spikes. Finally, we briefly discuss some problems in numerical relativity and relativistic astrophysics.
gr-qc/0411024
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
On the reliability of the so far performed tests for measuring the Lense-Thirring effect with the LAGEOS satellites
LaTex2e, 22 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, 60 references. Conclusions and Table of Contents added. Estimates of the impact of J6dot on the node-node-perigee combination presented. Typos corrected and minor stylistic changes. Small changes due to G. Melki useful remarks. Lense-Thirring 'memory' effect in EIGEN-GRACE02S discussed
New Astron. 10 (2005) 603-615
10.1016/j.newast.2005.01.001
null
gr-qc astro-ph physics.geo-ph
null
In this paper we will show in detail that the performed attempts aimed at the detection of the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect in the gravitational field of the Earth with the existing LAGEOS satellites are often presented in an optimistic and misleading way which is inadequate for such an important test of fundamental physics. E.g., in the latest reported measurement of the gravitomagnetic shift with the nodes of the LAGEOS satellites and the 2nd generation GRACE-only EIGEN-GRACE02S Earth gravity model over an observational time span of 11 years a 5-10% total accuracy is claimed at 1-3sigma, respectively. We will show that, instead, it might be 15-45% (1-3sigma) if the impact of the secular variations of the even zonal harmonics is considered as well.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Nov 2004 14:22:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 May 2005 14:19:27 GMT", "version": "v10" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Nov 2004 16:24:45 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 7 Nov 2004 14:32:41 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "cre...
2007-05-23
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
In this paper we will show in detail that the performed attempts aimed at the detection of the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect in the gravitational field of the Earth with the existing LAGEOS satellites are often presented in an optimistic and misleading way which is inadequate for such an important test of fundamental physics. E.g., in the latest reported measurement of the gravitomagnetic shift with the nodes of the LAGEOS satellites and the 2nd generation GRACE-only EIGEN-GRACE02S Earth gravity model over an observational time span of 11 years a 5-10% total accuracy is claimed at 1-3sigma, respectively. We will show that, instead, it might be 15-45% (1-3sigma) if the impact of the secular variations of the even zonal harmonics is considered as well.
2111.01065
Ernesto Nungesser
Ho Lee, Ernesto Nungesser and John Stalker
On almost Ehlers-Geren-Sachs theorems
26 pages, 1 figure; matches accepted version in CQG; presentation improved, minor typos corrected
2022 Class. Quantum Grav. 39 105006
10.1088/1361-6382/ac655c
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We show assuming small data that massless solutions to the reflection symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system with Bianchi VII$_0$ symmetry which are not locally rotational symmetric, can be arbitrarily close to and will remain close to isotropy as regards {to} the shear. However in general the shear will not tend to zero and the Hubble normalised Weyl curvature will blow up. This generalises the work \cite{NHW,WHU}, which considered a non-tilted radiation fluid to the massless Vlasov case. This represents another example of the fact that almost Ehlers-Geren-Sachs theorems do not hold in general and that collisionless matter behaves differently than a perfect fluid.
[ { "created": "Mon, 1 Nov 2021 16:28:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 Apr 2022 19:20:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-18
[ [ "Lee", "Ho", "" ], [ "Nungesser", "Ernesto", "" ], [ "Stalker", "John", "" ] ]
We show assuming small data that massless solutions to the reflection symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system with Bianchi VII$_0$ symmetry which are not locally rotational symmetric, can be arbitrarily close to and will remain close to isotropy as regards {to} the shear. However in general the shear will not tend to zero and the Hubble normalised Weyl curvature will blow up. This generalises the work \cite{NHW,WHU}, which considered a non-tilted radiation fluid to the massless Vlasov case. This represents another example of the fact that almost Ehlers-Geren-Sachs theorems do not hold in general and that collisionless matter behaves differently than a perfect fluid.
1103.2569
Hideyoshi Arakida
Hideyoshi Arakida
Application of Time Transfer Function to McVittie Spacetime: Gravitational Time Delay and Secular Increase in Astronomical Unit
13 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
General Relativity and Gravitation, Volume 43, Issue 8, pp.2127-2139 (2011)
10.1007/s10714-011-1170-1
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.EP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We attempt to calculate the gravitational time delay in a time-dependent gravitational field, especially in McVittie spacetime, which can be considered as the spacetime around a gravitating body such as the Sun, embedded in the FLRW (Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker) cosmological background metric. To this end, we adopt the time transfer function method proposed by Le Poncin-Lafitte {\it et al.} (Class. Quant. Grav. 21:4463, 2004) and Teyssandier and Le Poncin-Lafitte (Class. Quant. Grav. 25:145020, 2008), which is originally related to Synge's world function $\Omega(x_A, x_B)$ and enables to circumvent the integration of the null geodesic equation. We re-examine the global cosmological effect on light propagation in the solar system. The round-trip time of a light ray/signal is given by the functions of not only the spacial coordinates but also the emission time or reception time of light ray/signal, which characterize the time-dependency of solutions. We also apply the obtained results to the secular increase in the astronomical unit, reported by Krasinsky and Brumberg (Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 90:267, 2004), and we show that the leading order terms of the time-dependent component due to cosmological expansion is 9 orders of magnitude smaller than the observed value of $d{\rm AU}/dt$, i.e., $15 \pm 4$ ~[m/century]. Therefore, it is not possible to explain the secular increase in the astronomical unit in terms of cosmological expansion.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Mar 2011 00:42:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-02-07
[ [ "Arakida", "Hideyoshi", "" ] ]
We attempt to calculate the gravitational time delay in a time-dependent gravitational field, especially in McVittie spacetime, which can be considered as the spacetime around a gravitating body such as the Sun, embedded in the FLRW (Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker) cosmological background metric. To this end, we adopt the time transfer function method proposed by Le Poncin-Lafitte {\it et al.} (Class. Quant. Grav. 21:4463, 2004) and Teyssandier and Le Poncin-Lafitte (Class. Quant. Grav. 25:145020, 2008), which is originally related to Synge's world function $\Omega(x_A, x_B)$ and enables to circumvent the integration of the null geodesic equation. We re-examine the global cosmological effect on light propagation in the solar system. The round-trip time of a light ray/signal is given by the functions of not only the spacial coordinates but also the emission time or reception time of light ray/signal, which characterize the time-dependency of solutions. We also apply the obtained results to the secular increase in the astronomical unit, reported by Krasinsky and Brumberg (Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 90:267, 2004), and we show that the leading order terms of the time-dependent component due to cosmological expansion is 9 orders of magnitude smaller than the observed value of $d{\rm AU}/dt$, i.e., $15 \pm 4$ ~[m/century]. Therefore, it is not possible to explain the secular increase in the astronomical unit in terms of cosmological expansion.
2103.09326
Carlos O. Lousto
Nicole Rosato, James Healy, and Carlos O. Lousto
Adapted gauge to small mass ratio binary black hole evolutions
22 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables
Phys. Rev. D 103, 104068 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.104068
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore the benefits of adapted gauges to small mass ratio binary black hole evolutions in the moving puncture formulation. We find expressions that approximate the late time behavior of the lapse and shift, $(\alpha_0,\beta_0)$, and use them as initial values for their evolutions. We also use a position and black hole mass dependent damping term, $\eta[\vec{x}_1(t),\vec{x}_2(t),m_1,m_2]$, in the shift evolution, rather than a constant or conformal-factor dependent choice. We have found that this substantially reduces noise generation at the start of the numerical integration and keeps the numerical grid stable around both black holes, allowing for more accuracy with lower resolutions. We test our choices for this gauge in detail in a case study of a binary with a 7:1 mass ratio, and then use 15:1 and 32:1 binaries for a convergence study. Finally, we apply our new gauge to a 64:1 binary and a 128:1 binary to well cover the comparable and small mass ratio regimes.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Mar 2021 21:07:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-06-02
[ [ "Rosato", "Nicole", "" ], [ "Healy", "James", "" ], [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ] ]
We explore the benefits of adapted gauges to small mass ratio binary black hole evolutions in the moving puncture formulation. We find expressions that approximate the late time behavior of the lapse and shift, $(\alpha_0,\beta_0)$, and use them as initial values for their evolutions. We also use a position and black hole mass dependent damping term, $\eta[\vec{x}_1(t),\vec{x}_2(t),m_1,m_2]$, in the shift evolution, rather than a constant or conformal-factor dependent choice. We have found that this substantially reduces noise generation at the start of the numerical integration and keeps the numerical grid stable around both black holes, allowing for more accuracy with lower resolutions. We test our choices for this gauge in detail in a case study of a binary with a 7:1 mass ratio, and then use 15:1 and 32:1 binaries for a convergence study. Finally, we apply our new gauge to a 64:1 binary and a 128:1 binary to well cover the comparable and small mass ratio regimes.
1011.4987
Christopher M. Hirata
Christopher M Hirata
Resonant recoil in extreme mass ratio binary black hole mergers
fixed references; matches PRD accepted version (minor revision); 9 pages, 2 figures
Phys.Rev.D83:104024,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.104024
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The inspiral and merger of a binary black hole system generally leads to an asymmetric distribution of emitted radiation, and hence a recoil of the remnant black hole directed opposite to the net linear momentum radiated. The recoil velocity is generally largest for comparable mass black holes and particular spin configurations, and approaches zero in the extreme mass ratio limit. It is generally believed that for extreme mass ratios eta<<1, the scaling of the recoil velocity is V {\propto} eta^2, where the proportionality coefficient depends on the spin of the larger hole and the geometry of the system (e.g. orbital inclination). Here we show that for low but nonzero inclination prograde orbits and very rapidly spinning large holes (spin parameter a*>0.9678) the inspiralling binary can pass through resonances where the orbit-averaged radiation-reaction force is nonzero. These resonance crossings lead to a new contribution to the kick, V {\propto} eta^{3/2}. For these configurations and sufficiently extreme mass ratios, this resonant recoil is dominant. While it seems doubtful that the resonant recoil will be astrophysically significant, its existence suggests caution when extrapolating the results of numerical kick results to extreme mass ratios and near-maximal spins.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Nov 2010 01:55:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 31 Mar 2011 17:52:37 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Jun 2011 21:35:41 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-06-10
[ [ "Hirata", "Christopher M", "" ] ]
The inspiral and merger of a binary black hole system generally leads to an asymmetric distribution of emitted radiation, and hence a recoil of the remnant black hole directed opposite to the net linear momentum radiated. The recoil velocity is generally largest for comparable mass black holes and particular spin configurations, and approaches zero in the extreme mass ratio limit. It is generally believed that for extreme mass ratios eta<<1, the scaling of the recoil velocity is V {\propto} eta^2, where the proportionality coefficient depends on the spin of the larger hole and the geometry of the system (e.g. orbital inclination). Here we show that for low but nonzero inclination prograde orbits and very rapidly spinning large holes (spin parameter a*>0.9678) the inspiralling binary can pass through resonances where the orbit-averaged radiation-reaction force is nonzero. These resonance crossings lead to a new contribution to the kick, V {\propto} eta^{3/2}. For these configurations and sufficiently extreme mass ratios, this resonant recoil is dominant. While it seems doubtful that the resonant recoil will be astrophysically significant, its existence suggests caution when extrapolating the results of numerical kick results to extreme mass ratios and near-maximal spins.
0909.3767
Claus Kiefer
Claus Kiefer
Does time exist in quantum gravity?
10 pages, second prize of the FQXi "The Nature of Time" essay contest
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Time is absolute in standard quantum theory and dynamical in general relativity. The combination of both theories into a theory of quantum gravity leads therefore to a "problem of time". In my essay I shall investigate those consequences for the concept of time that may be drawn without a detailed knowledge of quantum gravity. The only assumptions are the experimentally supported universality of the linear structure of quantum theory and the recovery of general relativity in the classical limit. Among the consequences are the fundamental timelessness of quantum gravity, the approximate nature of a semiclassical time, and the correlation of entropy with the size of the Universe.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Sep 2009 13:19:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-22
[ [ "Kiefer", "Claus", "" ] ]
Time is absolute in standard quantum theory and dynamical in general relativity. The combination of both theories into a theory of quantum gravity leads therefore to a "problem of time". In my essay I shall investigate those consequences for the concept of time that may be drawn without a detailed knowledge of quantum gravity. The only assumptions are the experimentally supported universality of the linear structure of quantum theory and the recovery of general relativity in the classical limit. Among the consequences are the fundamental timelessness of quantum gravity, the approximate nature of a semiclassical time, and the correlation of entropy with the size of the Universe.
2006.09843
Lorenzo Gavassino
Lorenzo Gavassino, Marco Antonelli and Brynmor Haskell
When the entropy has no maximum: A new perspective on the instability of the first-order theories of dissipation
18 pages, 5 figures, published on PRD
Phys. Rev. D 102, 043018 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.043018
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The first-order relativistic fluid theories of dissipation proposed by Eckart and Landau-Lifshitz have been proved to be unstable. They admit solutions which start in proximity of equilibrium and depart exponentially from it. We show that this behaviour is due to the fact that the total entropy of these fluids, restricted to the dynamically accessible states, has no upper bound. As a result, these systems have the tendency to constantly change according to the second law of thermodynamics and the unstable modes represent the directions of growth of the entropy in state space. We, then, verify that the conditions of stability of Israel and Stewart's theory are exactly the requirements for the entropy to have an absolute maximum. Hence, we explain how the instability of the first-order theories is a direct consequence of the truncation of the entropy current at the first order, which turns the maximum into a saddle point of the total entropy. Finally, we show that recently proposed first-order stable theories, constructed using more general frames, do not solve the instability problem by providing a maximum for the entropy, but, rather, are made stable by allowing for small violations of the second law.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Jun 2020 13:15:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 30 Aug 2020 06:15:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-09-02
[ [ "Gavassino", "Lorenzo", "" ], [ "Antonelli", "Marco", "" ], [ "Haskell", "Brynmor", "" ] ]
The first-order relativistic fluid theories of dissipation proposed by Eckart and Landau-Lifshitz have been proved to be unstable. They admit solutions which start in proximity of equilibrium and depart exponentially from it. We show that this behaviour is due to the fact that the total entropy of these fluids, restricted to the dynamically accessible states, has no upper bound. As a result, these systems have the tendency to constantly change according to the second law of thermodynamics and the unstable modes represent the directions of growth of the entropy in state space. We, then, verify that the conditions of stability of Israel and Stewart's theory are exactly the requirements for the entropy to have an absolute maximum. Hence, we explain how the instability of the first-order theories is a direct consequence of the truncation of the entropy current at the first order, which turns the maximum into a saddle point of the total entropy. Finally, we show that recently proposed first-order stable theories, constructed using more general frames, do not solve the instability problem by providing a maximum for the entropy, but, rather, are made stable by allowing for small violations of the second law.
1002.4168
Willians Barreto
W. Barreto (ULA), L. Castillo (UDO) and E. Barrios (ULA)
Bondian frames to couple matter with radiation
20 pages, 6 figures; to appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
General Relativity and Gravitation, 42, 1845 (2010)
10.1007/s10714-010-0954-z
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A study is presented for the non linear evolution of a self gravitating distribution of matter coupled to a massless scalar field. The characteristic formulation for numerical relativity is used to follow the evolution by a sequence of light cones open to the future. Bondian frames are used to endow physical meaning to the matter variables and to the massless scalar field. Asymptotic approaches to the origin and to infinity are achieved; at the boundary surface interior and exterior solutions are matched guaranteeing the Darmois--Lichnerowicz conditions. To show how the scheme works some numerical models are discussed. We exemplify evolving scalar waves on the following fixed backgrounds: A) an atmosphere between the boundary surface of an incompressible mixtured fluid and infinity; B) a polytropic distribution matched to a Schwarzschild exterior; C) a Schwarzschild- Schwarzschild spacetime. The conservation of energy, the Newman--Penrose constant preservation and other expected features are observed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Feb 2010 19:11:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-18
[ [ "Barreto", "W.", "", "ULA" ], [ "Castillo", "L.", "", "UDO" ], [ "Barrios", "E.", "", "ULA" ] ]
A study is presented for the non linear evolution of a self gravitating distribution of matter coupled to a massless scalar field. The characteristic formulation for numerical relativity is used to follow the evolution by a sequence of light cones open to the future. Bondian frames are used to endow physical meaning to the matter variables and to the massless scalar field. Asymptotic approaches to the origin and to infinity are achieved; at the boundary surface interior and exterior solutions are matched guaranteeing the Darmois--Lichnerowicz conditions. To show how the scheme works some numerical models are discussed. We exemplify evolving scalar waves on the following fixed backgrounds: A) an atmosphere between the boundary surface of an incompressible mixtured fluid and infinity; B) a polytropic distribution matched to a Schwarzschild exterior; C) a Schwarzschild- Schwarzschild spacetime. The conservation of energy, the Newman--Penrose constant preservation and other expected features are observed.
1205.1037
Taymaz Ghaneh
Taymaz Ghaneh, Farhad Darabi, Hossein Motavalli
Signature Change in Noncommutative FRW Cosmology
15 pages, 4 figures, Minor revision, references added
Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol. 27, No. 37 (2012) 1250214
10.1142/S0217732312502148
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The conditions for which the no boundary proposal may have a classical realization of a continuous change of signature, are investigated for a cosmological model described by FRW metric coupled with a self interacting scalar field, having a noncommutative phase space of dynamical variables. The model is then quantized and a good correspondence is shown between the classical and quantum cosmology indicating that the noncommutativity does not destruct the classical-quantum correspondence. It is also shown that the quantum cosmology supports a signature transition where the bare cosmological constant takes a vast continuous spectrum of negative values. The bounds of bare cosmological constant are limited by the values of noncommutative parameters. Moreover, it turns out that the physical parameters are constrained by the noncommutativity parametres.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 May 2012 18:55:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 9 Sep 2012 05:37:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 Dec 2012 06:39:12 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2012-12-06
[ [ "Ghaneh", "Taymaz", "" ], [ "Darabi", "Farhad", "" ], [ "Motavalli", "Hossein", "" ] ]
The conditions for which the no boundary proposal may have a classical realization of a continuous change of signature, are investigated for a cosmological model described by FRW metric coupled with a self interacting scalar field, having a noncommutative phase space of dynamical variables. The model is then quantized and a good correspondence is shown between the classical and quantum cosmology indicating that the noncommutativity does not destruct the classical-quantum correspondence. It is also shown that the quantum cosmology supports a signature transition where the bare cosmological constant takes a vast continuous spectrum of negative values. The bounds of bare cosmological constant are limited by the values of noncommutative parameters. Moreover, it turns out that the physical parameters are constrained by the noncommutativity parametres.
0910.5925
Douglas Urban
Douglas Urban, Ken D. Olum
Averaged null energy condition violation in a conformally flat spacetime
11 pages
PhysRevD.81.024039,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.024039
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that the averaged null energy condition can be violated by a conformally coupled scalar field in a conformally flat spacetime in 3+1 dimensions. The violation is dependent on the quantum state and can be made as large as desired. It does not arise from the presence of anomalies, although anomalous violations are also possible. Since all geodesics in conformally flat spacetimes are achronal, the achronal averaged null energy condition is likewise violated.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Oct 2009 19:59:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 Jan 2010 05:24:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-01-28
[ [ "Urban", "Douglas", "" ], [ "Olum", "Ken D.", "" ] ]
We show that the averaged null energy condition can be violated by a conformally coupled scalar field in a conformally flat spacetime in 3+1 dimensions. The violation is dependent on the quantum state and can be made as large as desired. It does not arise from the presence of anomalies, although anomalous violations are also possible. Since all geodesics in conformally flat spacetimes are achronal, the achronal averaged null energy condition is likewise violated.
gr-qc/0310065
Sergei Kopeikin M.
Sergei M. Kopeikin (UMC) and Edward B. Fomalont (NRAO)
On the Speed of Gravity and Relativistic v/c Corrections to the Shapiro Time Delay
7 pages. Final version published in Physics Letters A
Phys.Lett. A355 (2006) 163-166
10.1016/j.physleta.2006.02.028
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
Recent papers by Samuel declared that the linearized post-Newtonian v/c effects are too small to have been measured in the recent experiment involving Jupiter and quasar J0842+1845 that was used to measure the ultimate speed of gravity defined as a fundamental constant entering in front of each time derivative of the metric tensor in the Einstein gravity field equations. We describe our Lorentz-invariant formulation of the Jovian deflection experiment and confirm that v/c effects are do observed, as contrasted to the erroneous claim by Samuel, and that they vanish if and only if the speed of gravity is infinite.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Oct 2003 20:10:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Mar 2004 05:36:19 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Feb 2006 20:08:51 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Feb 2006 22:44:44 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "cre...
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kopeikin", "Sergei M.", "", "UMC" ], [ "Fomalont", "Edward B.", "", "NRAO" ] ]
Recent papers by Samuel declared that the linearized post-Newtonian v/c effects are too small to have been measured in the recent experiment involving Jupiter and quasar J0842+1845 that was used to measure the ultimate speed of gravity defined as a fundamental constant entering in front of each time derivative of the metric tensor in the Einstein gravity field equations. We describe our Lorentz-invariant formulation of the Jovian deflection experiment and confirm that v/c effects are do observed, as contrasted to the erroneous claim by Samuel, and that they vanish if and only if the speed of gravity is infinite.
0806.2805
Frans Klinkhamer
F.R. Klinkhamer, G.E. Volovik
Dynamic vacuum variable and equilibrium approach in cosmology
24 (not 25) pages, v7(=v6 with latex problem corrected): published version in preprint style
Phys.Rev.D78:063528,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.063528
KA-TP-14-2008
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A modified-gravity theory is considered with a four-form field strength F, a variable gravitational coupling parameter G(F), and a standard matter action. This theory provides a concrete realization of the general vacuum variable q as the four-form amplitude F and allows for a study of its dynamics. The theory gives a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with rapid oscillations of the effective vacuum energy density (cosmological "constant"), whose amplitude drops to zero asymptotically. Extrapolating to the present age of the Universe, the order of magnitude of the average vacuum energy density agrees with the observed near-critical vacuum energy density of the present universe. It may even be that this type of oscillating vacuum energy density constitutes a significant part of the so-called cold dark matter in the standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker framework.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Jun 2008 17:42:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Jun 2008 15:44:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Jun 2008 12:32:48 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 25 Jul 2008 14:33:56 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "c...
2009-11-13
[ [ "Klinkhamer", "F. R.", "" ], [ "Volovik", "G. E.", "" ] ]
A modified-gravity theory is considered with a four-form field strength F, a variable gravitational coupling parameter G(F), and a standard matter action. This theory provides a concrete realization of the general vacuum variable q as the four-form amplitude F and allows for a study of its dynamics. The theory gives a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with rapid oscillations of the effective vacuum energy density (cosmological "constant"), whose amplitude drops to zero asymptotically. Extrapolating to the present age of the Universe, the order of magnitude of the average vacuum energy density agrees with the observed near-critical vacuum energy density of the present universe. It may even be that this type of oscillating vacuum energy density constitutes a significant part of the so-called cold dark matter in the standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker framework.
1304.7597
Sandipan Sengupta
Sandipan Sengupta
Gravity Asymptotics with Topological Parameters
References added; Published version
Phys. Rev. D 88, 024031 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.024031
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In four dimensional gravity theory, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter has a topological origin, and can be identified as the coefficient multiplying the Nieh-Yan topological density in the gravity Lagrangian, as proposed by Date et al.[1]. Based on this fact, a first order action formulation for spacetimes with boundaries is introduced. The bulk Lagrangian, containing the Nieh-Yan density, needs to be supplemented with suitable boundary terms so that it leads to a well-defined variational principle. Within this general framework, we analyse spacetimes with and without a cosmological constant. For locally Anti de Sitter (or de Sitter) asymptotia, the action principle has non-trivial implications. It admits an extremum for all such solutions provided the SO(3,1) Pontryagin and Euler topological densities are added to it with fixed coefficients. The resulting Lagrangian, while containing all three topological densities, has only one independent topological coupling constant, namely, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter. In the final analysis, it emerges as a coefficient of the SO(3,2) (or SO(4,1)) Pontryagin density, and is present in the action only for manifolds for which the corresponding topological index is non-zero.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Apr 2013 09:06:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Jul 2013 06:20:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-07-29
[ [ "Sengupta", "Sandipan", "" ] ]
In four dimensional gravity theory, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter has a topological origin, and can be identified as the coefficient multiplying the Nieh-Yan topological density in the gravity Lagrangian, as proposed by Date et al.[1]. Based on this fact, a first order action formulation for spacetimes with boundaries is introduced. The bulk Lagrangian, containing the Nieh-Yan density, needs to be supplemented with suitable boundary terms so that it leads to a well-defined variational principle. Within this general framework, we analyse spacetimes with and without a cosmological constant. For locally Anti de Sitter (or de Sitter) asymptotia, the action principle has non-trivial implications. It admits an extremum for all such solutions provided the SO(3,1) Pontryagin and Euler topological densities are added to it with fixed coefficients. The resulting Lagrangian, while containing all three topological densities, has only one independent topological coupling constant, namely, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter. In the final analysis, it emerges as a coefficient of the SO(3,2) (or SO(4,1)) Pontryagin density, and is present in the action only for manifolds for which the corresponding topological index is non-zero.
gr-qc/0301007
M. M. Akbar
M.M. Akbar
Classical Boundary-value Problem in Riemannian Quantum Gravity and Taub-Bolt-anti-de Sitter Geometries
Minor changes and references added: Version in the Journal
Nucl.Phys. B663 (2003) 215-230
10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00376-6
DAMTP-2002-36
gr-qc hep-th
null
For an $SU(2)\times U(1)$-invariant $S^3$ boundary the classical Dirichlet problem of Riemannian quantum gravity is studied for positive-definite regular solutions of the Einstein equations with a negative cosmological constant within biaxial Bianchi-IX metrics containing bolts, i.e., within the family of Taub-Bolt-anti-de Sitter (Taub-Bolt-AdS) metrics. Such metrics are obtained from the two-parameter Taub-NUT-anti-de Sitter family. The condition of regularity requires them to have only one free parameter ($L$) and constrains $L$ to take values within a narrow range; the other parameter is determined as a double-valued function of $L$ and hence there is a bifurcation within the family. We found that {\it{any}} axially symmetric $S^3$-boundary can be filled in with at least one solution coming from each of these two branches despite the severe limit on the permissible values of $L$. The number of infilling solutions can be one, three or five and they appear or disappear catastrophically in pairs as the values of the two radii of $S^3$ are varied. The solutions occur simultaneously in both branches and hence the total number of independent infillings is two, six or ten. We further showed that when the two radii are of the same order and large the number of solutions is two. In the isotropic limit this holds for small radii as well. These results are to be contrasted with the one-parameter self-dual Taub-NUT-AdS infilling solutions of the same boundary-value problem studied previously.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Jan 2003 19:30:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Aug 2003 23:47:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Akbar", "M. M.", "" ] ]
For an $SU(2)\times U(1)$-invariant $S^3$ boundary the classical Dirichlet problem of Riemannian quantum gravity is studied for positive-definite regular solutions of the Einstein equations with a negative cosmological constant within biaxial Bianchi-IX metrics containing bolts, i.e., within the family of Taub-Bolt-anti-de Sitter (Taub-Bolt-AdS) metrics. Such metrics are obtained from the two-parameter Taub-NUT-anti-de Sitter family. The condition of regularity requires them to have only one free parameter ($L$) and constrains $L$ to take values within a narrow range; the other parameter is determined as a double-valued function of $L$ and hence there is a bifurcation within the family. We found that {\it{any}} axially symmetric $S^3$-boundary can be filled in with at least one solution coming from each of these two branches despite the severe limit on the permissible values of $L$. The number of infilling solutions can be one, three or five and they appear or disappear catastrophically in pairs as the values of the two radii of $S^3$ are varied. The solutions occur simultaneously in both branches and hence the total number of independent infillings is two, six or ten. We further showed that when the two radii are of the same order and large the number of solutions is two. In the isotropic limit this holds for small radii as well. These results are to be contrasted with the one-parameter self-dual Taub-NUT-AdS infilling solutions of the same boundary-value problem studied previously.
2401.06863
Lei Lu
Lei Lu, Philip A. May
Step-by-Step Canonical Quantum Gravity -- Part I: Ashtekar's New Variables
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Canonical quantum gravity was first developed by Abhay Ashtekar, Lee Smolin, Carlo Rovelli and their collaborators in the late 1980s. It was a major breakthrough that successfully brought Einstein's theory of General Relativity (GR) into a Yang-Mills-type gauge theory. A new era of quantum gravity research has since started, and with decades of continued efforts from a relatively small community, the area now known as Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) has flourished, making it a promising theory of quantum gravity. Due to its incredibly high level of complexity, many technical details were left out in introductory texts on LQG. In particular, resources that are appropriate to the undergraduate level are extremely limited. Consequently, there exists a huge gap between the knowledge base of an undergraduate physics major and the necessary readiness to carry out LQG research. In an effort to fill this gap, we aim to develop a pedagogical user guide that provides a step-by-step walk-through of canonical quantum gravity, without compromising necessary technical details. We hope that our attempt will bring more exposure to undergraduates on the exciting early developments of canonical quantum gravity, and provide them with the necessary foundation to explore active research fields such as black hole thermodynamics, Wheeler-DeWitt equation, and so on. This work will also serve as a solid base for anyone hoping to pursue further study in LQG at a higher level.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Jan 2024 19:26:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-01-17
[ [ "Lu", "Lei", "" ], [ "May", "Philip A.", "" ] ]
Canonical quantum gravity was first developed by Abhay Ashtekar, Lee Smolin, Carlo Rovelli and their collaborators in the late 1980s. It was a major breakthrough that successfully brought Einstein's theory of General Relativity (GR) into a Yang-Mills-type gauge theory. A new era of quantum gravity research has since started, and with decades of continued efforts from a relatively small community, the area now known as Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) has flourished, making it a promising theory of quantum gravity. Due to its incredibly high level of complexity, many technical details were left out in introductory texts on LQG. In particular, resources that are appropriate to the undergraduate level are extremely limited. Consequently, there exists a huge gap between the knowledge base of an undergraduate physics major and the necessary readiness to carry out LQG research. In an effort to fill this gap, we aim to develop a pedagogical user guide that provides a step-by-step walk-through of canonical quantum gravity, without compromising necessary technical details. We hope that our attempt will bring more exposure to undergraduates on the exciting early developments of canonical quantum gravity, and provide them with the necessary foundation to explore active research fields such as black hole thermodynamics, Wheeler-DeWitt equation, and so on. This work will also serve as a solid base for anyone hoping to pursue further study in LQG at a higher level.
2104.03660
Masato Minamitsuji
Masato Minamitsuji
Disformal transformation of physical quantities associated with relativistic stars
11 pages, no figure, published version
Phys. Rev. D 103, 084002 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.084002
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate how physical quantities associated with relativistic stars in the Jordan and Einstein frames are related by the generalized disformal transformations constructed by the scalar and vector fields within the slow-rotation approximation. We consider the most general scalar disformal transformation constructed by the scalar field, and by the vector field without and with the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, respectively. At the zeroth order of the slow-rotation approximation, by imposing that both the metrics of the Jordan and Einstein frames are asymptotically flat, we show that the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass is frame invariant. At the first order of the slow-rotation approximation, we discuss the disformal transformations of the frame-dragging function, angular velocity, angular momentum, and moment of inertia of the star. We show that the angular velocity of the star is frame invariant in all the cases. While the angular momentum and moment of inertia are invariant under the scalar disformal transformation, they are not under the vector disformal transformation without and with the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Apr 2021 10:22:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 16 Oct 2021 07:16:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-10-19
[ [ "Minamitsuji", "Masato", "" ] ]
We investigate how physical quantities associated with relativistic stars in the Jordan and Einstein frames are related by the generalized disformal transformations constructed by the scalar and vector fields within the slow-rotation approximation. We consider the most general scalar disformal transformation constructed by the scalar field, and by the vector field without and with the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, respectively. At the zeroth order of the slow-rotation approximation, by imposing that both the metrics of the Jordan and Einstein frames are asymptotically flat, we show that the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass is frame invariant. At the first order of the slow-rotation approximation, we discuss the disformal transformations of the frame-dragging function, angular velocity, angular momentum, and moment of inertia of the star. We show that the angular velocity of the star is frame invariant in all the cases. While the angular momentum and moment of inertia are invariant under the scalar disformal transformation, they are not under the vector disformal transformation without and with the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry.
1807.11033
Oleg Zaslavskii
O. B. Zaslavskii
Super-Penrose process and rotating wormholes
9 pages. Presentation improved, misprints corrected. To appear in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 98, 104030 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.104030
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider collision of particles in a wormhole near its throat. Particles come from the opposite mouths. If the lapse function is small enough there, the energy $E$ of debris at infinity grows unbounded, so we are faced with the so-called super-Penrose process. This requires the existence of the ergoregion, so a wormhole should be rotating.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 Jul 2018 09:59:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Nov 2018 19:09:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-11-28
[ [ "Zaslavskii", "O. B.", "" ] ]
We consider collision of particles in a wormhole near its throat. Particles come from the opposite mouths. If the lapse function is small enough there, the energy $E$ of debris at infinity grows unbounded, so we are faced with the so-called super-Penrose process. This requires the existence of the ergoregion, so a wormhole should be rotating.
gr-qc/0202069
Marc Henneaux
Thibault Damour, Marc Henneaux, Alan D. Rendall and Marsha Weaver
Kasner-like behaviour for subcritical Einstein-matter systems
LaTeX, 56 pages; minor corrections; version to appear in ``Annales Henri Poincar\'e"
Annales Henri Poincare 3 (2002) 1049-1111
null
IHES/P/02/06, ULB-TH-02/01
gr-qc hep-th
null
Confirming previous heuristic analyses \`a la Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz, it is rigorously proven that certain ``subcritical'' Einstein-matter systems exhibit a monotone, generalized Kasner behaviour in the vicinity of a spacelike singularity. The D-dimensional coupled Einstein-dilaton-p-form system is subcritical if the dilaton couplings of the p-forms belong to some dimension dependent open neighbourhood of zero, while pure gravity is subcritical if D is greater than or equal to 11. Our proof relies, like the recent theorem dealing with the (always subcritical) Einstein-dilaton system, on the use of Fuchsian techniques, which enable one to construct local, analytic solutions to the full set of equations of motion. The solutions constructed are ``general'' in the sense that they depend on the maximal expected number of free functions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Feb 2002 10:40:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 2 Sep 2002 06:44:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Henneaux", "Marc", "" ], [ "Rendall", "Alan D.", "" ], [ "Weaver", "Marsha", "" ] ]
Confirming previous heuristic analyses \`a la Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz, it is rigorously proven that certain ``subcritical'' Einstein-matter systems exhibit a monotone, generalized Kasner behaviour in the vicinity of a spacelike singularity. The D-dimensional coupled Einstein-dilaton-p-form system is subcritical if the dilaton couplings of the p-forms belong to some dimension dependent open neighbourhood of zero, while pure gravity is subcritical if D is greater than or equal to 11. Our proof relies, like the recent theorem dealing with the (always subcritical) Einstein-dilaton system, on the use of Fuchsian techniques, which enable one to construct local, analytic solutions to the full set of equations of motion. The solutions constructed are ``general'' in the sense that they depend on the maximal expected number of free functions.
1809.03500
Emanuele Berti
Vishal Baibhav, Emanuele Berti
Multi-mode black hole spectroscopy
11 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Phys. Rev. D 99, 024005 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.024005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The first two LIGO/Virgo observing runs have detected several black hole binary mergers. One of the most exciting prospects of future observing runs is the possibility to identify the remnants of these mergers as Kerr black holes by measuring their (complex) quasinormal mode frequencies. This idea - similar to the identification of atomic elements through their spectral lines - is sometimes called "black hole spectroscopy". Third-generation Earth-based detectors and the space-based interferometer LISA could measure multiple spectral lines from different multipolar components of the radiation, and therefore provide qualitatively better tests of the Kerr hypothesis. In this paper we quantify the redshift out to which the various modes would be detectable (or, conversely, the number of detectable modes at any given redshift) as a function of the intrinsic parameters of the merging binary. LISA could detect so many modes that current numerical relativity simulations would not be sufficient to extract all available science from the data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Sep 2018 18:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-01-09
[ [ "Baibhav", "Vishal", "" ], [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ] ]
The first two LIGO/Virgo observing runs have detected several black hole binary mergers. One of the most exciting prospects of future observing runs is the possibility to identify the remnants of these mergers as Kerr black holes by measuring their (complex) quasinormal mode frequencies. This idea - similar to the identification of atomic elements through their spectral lines - is sometimes called "black hole spectroscopy". Third-generation Earth-based detectors and the space-based interferometer LISA could measure multiple spectral lines from different multipolar components of the radiation, and therefore provide qualitatively better tests of the Kerr hypothesis. In this paper we quantify the redshift out to which the various modes would be detectable (or, conversely, the number of detectable modes at any given redshift) as a function of the intrinsic parameters of the merging binary. LISA could detect so many modes that current numerical relativity simulations would not be sufficient to extract all available science from the data.
1804.09101
Adam Lewis
Adam G. M. Lewis and Harald P. Pfeiffer
GPU-Accelerated Simulations of Isolated Black Holes
42 pages, 11 figures
Class. Quant. Grav. 35 (2018) 095017
10.1088/1361-6382/aab256
null
gr-qc physics.comp-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a port of the numerical relativity code SpEC which is capable of running on NVIDIA GPUs. Since this code must be maintained in parallel with SpEC itself, a primary design consideration is to perform as few explicit code changes as possible. We therefore rely on a hierarchy of automated porting strategies. At the highest level we use TLoops, a C++ library of our design, to automatically emit CUDA code equivalent to tensorial expressions written into C++ source using a syntax similar to analytic calculation. Next, we trace out and cache explicit matrix representations of the numerous linear transformations in the SpEC code, which allows these to be performed on the GPU using pre-existing matrix-multiplication libraries. We port the few remaining important modules by hand. In this paper we detail the specifics of our port, and present benchmarks of it simulating isolated black hole spacetimes on several generations of NVIDIA GPU.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Apr 2018 15:39:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-05-09
[ [ "Lewis", "Adam G. M.", "" ], [ "Pfeiffer", "Harald P.", "" ] ]
We present a port of the numerical relativity code SpEC which is capable of running on NVIDIA GPUs. Since this code must be maintained in parallel with SpEC itself, a primary design consideration is to perform as few explicit code changes as possible. We therefore rely on a hierarchy of automated porting strategies. At the highest level we use TLoops, a C++ library of our design, to automatically emit CUDA code equivalent to tensorial expressions written into C++ source using a syntax similar to analytic calculation. Next, we trace out and cache explicit matrix representations of the numerous linear transformations in the SpEC code, which allows these to be performed on the GPU using pre-existing matrix-multiplication libraries. We port the few remaining important modules by hand. In this paper we detail the specifics of our port, and present benchmarks of it simulating isolated black hole spacetimes on several generations of NVIDIA GPU.
2208.08582
Nelson Velandia
Nelson Velandia SJ, Alfonso Leyva, Javier Alexander Cano-Arango
The Ricci Rotation Coefficients in the description of trajectories of spinning test particles off-equatorial planes in a rotational gravitational field
15 pages, 4 figures, Numerical relativity
International Journal of Theoretical Physics, Volume 63, article number 37, (2024)
10.1007/s10773-024-05562-6
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We describe the trajectories of circular orbits of spinless and spinning test particles around of rotating bodies in equatorial and non-equatorial planes via the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations which include the Ricci rotation coefficients with the purpose of describing not only the curvature of space time, but also the rotation of the spinning test particles that orbit around the rotating masive bodies.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Aug 2022 01:00:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-12
[ [ "SJ", "Nelson Velandia", "" ], [ "Leyva", "Alfonso", "" ], [ "Cano-Arango", "Javier Alexander", "" ] ]
We describe the trajectories of circular orbits of spinless and spinning test particles around of rotating bodies in equatorial and non-equatorial planes via the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations which include the Ricci rotation coefficients with the purpose of describing not only the curvature of space time, but also the rotation of the spinning test particles that orbit around the rotating masive bodies.
2011.04423
Ali \"Ovg\"un Dr.
Ali \"Ovg\"un
Weak deflection angle of black-bounce traversable wormholes using Gauss-Bonnet theorem in the dark matter medium
8 pages. Accepted for publication in Turkish Journal of Physics
Turk J Phys, 44, (2020), 465-471
10.3906/fiz-2008-11
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we first use the optical metrics of black-bounce traversable wormholes to calculate the Gaussian curvature. Then we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to obtain the weak deflection angle of light from the black-bounce traversable wormholes. Then we investigate the effect of dark matter medium on weak deflection angle using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. We show how weak deflection angle of wormhole is affected by the bounce parameter $a$. Using the Gauss-bonnet theorem for calculating weak deflection angle shows us that light bending can be thought as a global and topological effect.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 Nov 2020 18:34:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-11-10
[ [ "Övgün", "Ali", "" ] ]
In this paper, we first use the optical metrics of black-bounce traversable wormholes to calculate the Gaussian curvature. Then we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to obtain the weak deflection angle of light from the black-bounce traversable wormholes. Then we investigate the effect of dark matter medium on weak deflection angle using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. We show how weak deflection angle of wormhole is affected by the bounce parameter $a$. Using the Gauss-bonnet theorem for calculating weak deflection angle shows us that light bending can be thought as a global and topological effect.
2404.19225
Wenfu Cao
Wenfu Cao, Xin Wu, Jun Lyu
Electromagnetic field and chaotic charged-particle motion around hairy black holes in Horndeski gravity
18 pages,9 figures, EPJC (2024)
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12804-8
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Wald vector potential is an exact solution of the source-less Maxwell equations regarding an electromagnetic field of a vacuum uncharged black hole like the Kerr background black hole in an asymptotically uniform magnetic field. However, it is not if the black hole is a nonvacuum solution in a theory of modified gravity with extra fields or a charged Kerr-Newman spacetime. To satisfy the source-less Maxwell equations in this case, the Wald vector potential must be modified and generalized appropriately. Following this idea, we derive an expression for the vector potential of an electromagnetic field surrounding a hairy black hole in the Horndeski modified gravity theory. Explicit symplectic integrators with excellent long-term behaviour are used to simulate the motion of charged particles around the hairy black hole immersed in the external magnetic field. The recurrence plot method based on the recurrence quantification analysis uses diagonal structures parallel to the main diagonal to show regular dynamics, but adopts no diagonal structures to indicate chaotic dynamics. The method is efficient to detect chaos from order in the curved spacetime, as the Poincare map and the fast Lyapunov indicator are.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Apr 2024 03:06:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-01
[ [ "Cao", "Wenfu", "" ], [ "Wu", "Xin", "" ], [ "Lyu", "Jun", "" ] ]
The Wald vector potential is an exact solution of the source-less Maxwell equations regarding an electromagnetic field of a vacuum uncharged black hole like the Kerr background black hole in an asymptotically uniform magnetic field. However, it is not if the black hole is a nonvacuum solution in a theory of modified gravity with extra fields or a charged Kerr-Newman spacetime. To satisfy the source-less Maxwell equations in this case, the Wald vector potential must be modified and generalized appropriately. Following this idea, we derive an expression for the vector potential of an electromagnetic field surrounding a hairy black hole in the Horndeski modified gravity theory. Explicit symplectic integrators with excellent long-term behaviour are used to simulate the motion of charged particles around the hairy black hole immersed in the external magnetic field. The recurrence plot method based on the recurrence quantification analysis uses diagonal structures parallel to the main diagonal to show regular dynamics, but adopts no diagonal structures to indicate chaotic dynamics. The method is efficient to detect chaos from order in the curved spacetime, as the Poincare map and the fast Lyapunov indicator are.
gr-qc/0109050
Vladimir
V. Dzhunushaliev
Polarized Spacetime Foam
essential changes in the text
Found.Phys. 32 (2002) 1069-1090
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
An approximate model of a spacetime foam is presented. It is supposed that in the spacetime foam each quantum handle is like to an electric dipole and therefore the spacetime foam is similar to a dielectric. If we neglect of linear sizes of the quantum handle then it can be described with an operator containing a Grassman number and either a scalar or a spinor field. For both fields the Lagrangian is presented. For the scalar field it is the dilaton gravity + electrodynamics and the dilaton field is a dielectric permeability. The spherically symmetric solution in this case give us the screening of a bare electric charge surrounded by a polarized spacetime foam and the energy of the electric field becomes finite one. In the case of the spinor field the spherically symmetric solution give us a ball of the polarized spacetime foam filled with the confined electric field. It is shown that the full energy of the electric field in the ball can be very big.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Sep 2001 03:12:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Mar 2002 03:12:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "V.", "" ] ]
An approximate model of a spacetime foam is presented. It is supposed that in the spacetime foam each quantum handle is like to an electric dipole and therefore the spacetime foam is similar to a dielectric. If we neglect of linear sizes of the quantum handle then it can be described with an operator containing a Grassman number and either a scalar or a spinor field. For both fields the Lagrangian is presented. For the scalar field it is the dilaton gravity + electrodynamics and the dilaton field is a dielectric permeability. The spherically symmetric solution in this case give us the screening of a bare electric charge surrounded by a polarized spacetime foam and the energy of the electric field becomes finite one. In the case of the spinor field the spherically symmetric solution give us a ball of the polarized spacetime foam filled with the confined electric field. It is shown that the full energy of the electric field in the ball can be very big.
gr-qc/0403071
Sophie Pireaux
S. Pireaux
Light deflection in Weyl gravity: critical distances for photon paths
20 pages, 9 figures (see published version for a better resolution, or online version at stacks.iop.org/CQG/21/1897)
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 1897-1913
10.1088/0264-9381/21/7/011
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The Weyl gravity appears to be a very peculiar theory. The contribution of the Weyl linear parameter to the effective geodesic potential is opposite for massive and nonmassive geodesics. However, photon geodesics do not depend on the unknown conformal factor, unlike massive geodesics. Hence light deflection offers an interesting test of the Weyl theory. In order to investigate light deflection in the setting of Weyl gravity, we first distinguish between a weak field and a strong field approximation. Indeed, the Weyl gravity does not turn off asymptotically and becomes even stronger at larger distances. We then take full advantage of the conformal invariance of the photon effective potential to provide the key radial distances in Weyl gravity. According to those, we analyze the weak and strong field regime for light deflection. We further show some amazing features of the Weyl theory in the strong regime.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Mar 2004 18:21:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Pireaux", "S.", "" ] ]
The Weyl gravity appears to be a very peculiar theory. The contribution of the Weyl linear parameter to the effective geodesic potential is opposite for massive and nonmassive geodesics. However, photon geodesics do not depend on the unknown conformal factor, unlike massive geodesics. Hence light deflection offers an interesting test of the Weyl theory. In order to investigate light deflection in the setting of Weyl gravity, we first distinguish between a weak field and a strong field approximation. Indeed, the Weyl gravity does not turn off asymptotically and becomes even stronger at larger distances. We then take full advantage of the conformal invariance of the photon effective potential to provide the key radial distances in Weyl gravity. According to those, we analyze the weak and strong field regime for light deflection. We further show some amazing features of the Weyl theory in the strong regime.
gr-qc/0502019
Mohammad Vahid Takook
Shahriar Rouhani and Mohammad Vahid Takook
Abelian Gauge Theory in de Sitter Space
10 pages, typos corrected, reference added
Mod.Phys.Lett. A20 (2005) 2387-2396
10.1142/S0217732305018347
null
gr-qc
null
Quantization of spinor and vector free fields in 4-dimensional de Sitter space-time, in the ambient space notation, has been studied in the previous works. Various two-points functions for the above fields are presented in this paper. The interaction between the spinor field and the vector field is then studied by the abelian gauge theory. The U(1) gauge invariant spinor field equation is obtained in a coordinate independent way notation and their corresponding conserved currents are computed. The solution of the field equation is obtained by use of the perturbation method in terms of the Green's function. The null curvature limit is discussed in the final stage.
[ { "created": "Sat, 5 Feb 2005 17:47:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 2 Oct 2005 12:51:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Rouhani", "Shahriar", "" ], [ "Takook", "Mohammad Vahid", "" ] ]
Quantization of spinor and vector free fields in 4-dimensional de Sitter space-time, in the ambient space notation, has been studied in the previous works. Various two-points functions for the above fields are presented in this paper. The interaction between the spinor field and the vector field is then studied by the abelian gauge theory. The U(1) gauge invariant spinor field equation is obtained in a coordinate independent way notation and their corresponding conserved currents are computed. The solution of the field equation is obtained by use of the perturbation method in terms of the Green's function. The null curvature limit is discussed in the final stage.
gr-qc/0405064
Salvatore Antoci
S. Antoci, D.-E. Liebscher and L. Mihich
The Electrostatics of Einstein's Unified Field Theory
15 pages. Misprints corrected. To appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Gen.Rel.Grav. 37 (2005) 1191-1203
10.1007/s10714-005-0104-1
null
gr-qc
null
When sources are added at their right-hand sides, and g_{(ik)} is a priori assumed to be the metric, the equations of Einstein's Hermitian theory of relativity were shown to allow for an exact solution that describes the general electrostatic field of n point charges. Moreover, the injunction of spherical symmetry of g_{(ik)} in the infinitesimal neighbourhood of each of the charges was proved to yield the equilibrium conditions of the n charges in keeping with ordinary electrostatics. The tensor g_{(ik)}, however, cannot be the metric of the theory, since it enters neither the eikonal equation nor the equation of motion of uncharged test particles. A physically correct metric that rules both the behaviour of wave fronts and of uncharged matter is the one indicated by H\'ely. In the present paper it is shown how the electrostatic solution predicts the structure of the n charged particles and their mutual positions of electrostatic equilibrium when H\'ely's physically correct metric is adopted.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 May 2004 16:44:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Jun 2004 15:31:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Feb 2005 15:30:01 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Jun 2005 09:53:49 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Antoci", "S.", "" ], [ "Liebscher", "D. -E.", "" ], [ "Mihich", "L.", "" ] ]
When sources are added at their right-hand sides, and g_{(ik)} is a priori assumed to be the metric, the equations of Einstein's Hermitian theory of relativity were shown to allow for an exact solution that describes the general electrostatic field of n point charges. Moreover, the injunction of spherical symmetry of g_{(ik)} in the infinitesimal neighbourhood of each of the charges was proved to yield the equilibrium conditions of the n charges in keeping with ordinary electrostatics. The tensor g_{(ik)}, however, cannot be the metric of the theory, since it enters neither the eikonal equation nor the equation of motion of uncharged test particles. A physically correct metric that rules both the behaviour of wave fronts and of uncharged matter is the one indicated by H\'ely. In the present paper it is shown how the electrostatic solution predicts the structure of the n charged particles and their mutual positions of electrostatic equilibrium when H\'ely's physically correct metric is adopted.