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gr-qc/0402085
Jakob Hansen
Jakob Hansen, Alexei Khokhlov, Igor Novikov
Properties of four numerical schemes applied to a scalar nonlinear scalar wave equation with a GR-type nonlinearity
9 pages, 8 Postscript figures
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D13 (2004) 961
10.1142/S021827180400502X
null
gr-qc
null
We study stability, dispersion and dissipation properties of four numerical schemes (Iterative Crank-Nicolson, 3'rd and 4'th order Runge-Kutta and Courant-Fredrichs-Levy Non-linear). By use of a Von Neumann analysis we study the schemes applied to a scalar linear wave equation as well as a scalar non-linear wave equation with a type of non-linearity present in GR-equations. Numerical testing is done to verify analytic results. We find that the method of lines (MOL) schemes are the most dispersive and dissipative schemes. The Courant-Fredrichs-Levy Non-linear (CFLN) scheme is most accurate and least dispersive and dissipative, but the absence of dissipation at Nyquist frequency, if fact, puts it at a disadvantage in numerical simulation. Overall, the 4'th order Runge-Kutta scheme, which has the least amount of dissipation among the MOL schemes, seems to be the most suitable compromise between the overall accuracy and damping at short wavelengths.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:12:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Mar 2005 03:14:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Hansen", "Jakob", "" ], [ "Khokhlov", "Alexei", "" ], [ "Novikov", "Igor", "" ] ]
We study stability, dispersion and dissipation properties of four numerical schemes (Iterative Crank-Nicolson, 3'rd and 4'th order Runge-Kutta and Courant-Fredrichs-Levy Non-linear). By use of a Von Neumann analysis we study the schemes applied to a scalar linear wave equation as well as a scalar non-linear wave equation with a type of non-linearity present in GR-equations. Numerical testing is done to verify analytic results. We find that the method of lines (MOL) schemes are the most dispersive and dissipative schemes. The Courant-Fredrichs-Levy Non-linear (CFLN) scheme is most accurate and least dispersive and dissipative, but the absence of dissipation at Nyquist frequency, if fact, puts it at a disadvantage in numerical simulation. Overall, the 4'th order Runge-Kutta scheme, which has the least amount of dissipation among the MOL schemes, seems to be the most suitable compromise between the overall accuracy and damping at short wavelengths.
gr-qc/0602117
Achamveedu Gopakumar
Thibault Damour, Achamveedu Gopakumar
Gravitational Recoil during Binary Black Hole Coalescence using the Effective One Body Approach
46 pages, new figures and discussions, to appear in PRD
Phys.Rev. D73 (2006) 124006
10.1103/PhysRevD.73.124006
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Using the Effective One Body approach, that includes nonperturbative resummed estimates for the damping and conservative parts of the compact binary dynamics, we compute the recoil during the late inspiral and the subsequent plunge of non-spinning black holes of comparable masses moving in quasi-circular orbits. Further, using a prescription that smoothly connects the plunge phase to a perturbed single black hole, we obtain an estimate for the total recoil associated with the binary black hole coalescence. We show that the crucial physical feature which determines the magnitude of the terminal recoil is the presence of a ``burst'' of linear momentum flux emitted slightly before coalescence. When using the most natural expression for the linear momentum flux during the plunge, together with a Taylor-expanded $(v/c)^4$ correction factor, we find that the maximum value of the terminal recoil is $\sim 74$ km/s and occurs for a mass ratio $m_2/m_1 \simeq 0.38$. We comment, however, on the fact that the above `best bet estimate' is subject to strong uncertainties because the location and amplitude of the crucial peak of linear momentum flux happens at a moment during the plunge where most of the simplifying analytical assumptions underlying the Effective One Body approach are no longer justified. Changing the analytical way of estimating the linear momentum flux, we find maximum recoils that range between 49 and 172 km/s. (Abridged)
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Feb 2006 14:36:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 18 May 2006 12:30:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Gopakumar", "Achamveedu", "" ] ]
Using the Effective One Body approach, that includes nonperturbative resummed estimates for the damping and conservative parts of the compact binary dynamics, we compute the recoil during the late inspiral and the subsequent plunge of non-spinning black holes of comparable masses moving in quasi-circular orbits. Further, using a prescription that smoothly connects the plunge phase to a perturbed single black hole, we obtain an estimate for the total recoil associated with the binary black hole coalescence. We show that the crucial physical feature which determines the magnitude of the terminal recoil is the presence of a ``burst'' of linear momentum flux emitted slightly before coalescence. When using the most natural expression for the linear momentum flux during the plunge, together with a Taylor-expanded $(v/c)^4$ correction factor, we find that the maximum value of the terminal recoil is $\sim 74$ km/s and occurs for a mass ratio $m_2/m_1 \simeq 0.38$. We comment, however, on the fact that the above `best bet estimate' is subject to strong uncertainties because the location and amplitude of the crucial peak of linear momentum flux happens at a moment during the plunge where most of the simplifying analytical assumptions underlying the Effective One Body approach are no longer justified. Changing the analytical way of estimating the linear momentum flux, we find maximum recoils that range between 49 and 172 km/s. (Abridged)
1711.04526
Andronikos Paliathanasis
N. Dimakis, Alex Giacomini and Andronikos Paliathanasis
(Compactified) black branes in four dimensional f(R)-gravity
13 pages, 3 figures, title changed, minor corrections, new references, accepted version for publication at Physics Letter B
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2017.12.059
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A new family of analytical solutions in a four dimensional static spacetime is presented for $f\left( R\right) $-gravity. In contrast to General Relativity, we find that a non trivial black string/ring solution is supported in vacuum power law $f\left( R\right) $-gravity for appropriate values of the parameters characterizing the model and when axisymmetry is introduced in the line element. For the aforementioned solution, we perform a brief investigation over its basic thermodynamic quantities.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Nov 2017 11:10:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Dec 2017 09:14:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-01-17
[ [ "Dimakis", "N.", "" ], [ "Giacomini", "Alex", "" ], [ "Paliathanasis", "Andronikos", "" ] ]
A new family of analytical solutions in a four dimensional static spacetime is presented for $f\left( R\right) $-gravity. In contrast to General Relativity, we find that a non trivial black string/ring solution is supported in vacuum power law $f\left( R\right) $-gravity for appropriate values of the parameters characterizing the model and when axisymmetry is introduced in the line element. For the aforementioned solution, we perform a brief investigation over its basic thermodynamic quantities.
1605.00326
Israel Quiros
Israel Quiros, Ricardo Garc\'ia-Salcedo, Tame Gonzalez, F. Antonio Horta-Rangel, Joel Saavedra
Brans-Dicke Galileon and the Variational Principle
20 pages, no figures. The content of this paper is specially recommended to those graduate and postgraduate students who are interested in the study of modifications of general relativity such as scalar-tensor and $f(R)$ theories. Bibliographic references added, minor additions to the text. Acknowledgements modified
null
10.1088/0143-0807/37/5/055605
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper is aimed at a (mostly) pedagogical exposition of the derivation of the motion equations of certain modifications of general relativity. Here we derive in all detail the motion equations in the Brans-Dicke theory with the cubic self-interaction. This is a modification of the Brans-dicke theory by the addition of a term in the Lagrangian which is non-linear in the derivatives of the scalar field: it contains second-order derivatives. This is the basis of the so-called Brans-Dicke Galileon. We pay special attention to the variational principle and to the algebraic details of the derivation. It is shown how higher order derivatives of the fields appearing in the intermediate computations cancel out leading to second order motion equations. The reader will find useful tips for the derivation of the field equations of modifications of general relativity such as the scalar-tensor theories and $f(R)$ theories, by means of the (stationary action) variational principle. The content of this paper is specially recommended to those graduate and postgraduate students who are interested in the study of the mentioned modifications of general relativity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 May 2016 00:17:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 4 May 2016 18:02:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-24
[ [ "Quiros", "Israel", "" ], [ "García-Salcedo", "Ricardo", "" ], [ "Gonzalez", "Tame", "" ], [ "Horta-Rangel", "F. Antonio", "" ], [ "Saavedra", "Joel", "" ] ]
This paper is aimed at a (mostly) pedagogical exposition of the derivation of the motion equations of certain modifications of general relativity. Here we derive in all detail the motion equations in the Brans-Dicke theory with the cubic self-interaction. This is a modification of the Brans-dicke theory by the addition of a term in the Lagrangian which is non-linear in the derivatives of the scalar field: it contains second-order derivatives. This is the basis of the so-called Brans-Dicke Galileon. We pay special attention to the variational principle and to the algebraic details of the derivation. It is shown how higher order derivatives of the fields appearing in the intermediate computations cancel out leading to second order motion equations. The reader will find useful tips for the derivation of the field equations of modifications of general relativity such as the scalar-tensor theories and $f(R)$ theories, by means of the (stationary action) variational principle. The content of this paper is specially recommended to those graduate and postgraduate students who are interested in the study of the mentioned modifications of general relativity.
2012.05154
Neven Bili\'c
Nicolas R. Bertini, Neven Bilic and Davi C. Rodrigues
Primordial perturbations and inflation in a holography inspired Gauss-Bonnet cosmology
32 pages, 2 figures, major revision: introduction expanded, an algebraic mistake corrected, Sections III.A and III.B substantially revised, one figure added, basic conclusions unchanged, nine references added, Acknowledgments corrected, accepted in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 105, 023509 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.023509
RBI-ThPhys-2020-48
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider an action for gravity that, in addition to the Einstein-Hilbert term, contains a function of the Ricci scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. The specific form of the function considered is motivated by holographic cosmology. At background level the field equations imply modified Friedmann equations of the same form as those in the holographic cosmology. We calculate the cosmological perturbations and derive the corresponding power spectra assuming a general $k$-inflation. We find that the resulting power spectra differ substantially from those obtained in both holographic and standard cosmology. The estimated spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio are confronted with the Planck results.
[ { "created": "Wed, 9 Dec 2020 16:45:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 Dec 2020 10:46:17 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Jul 2021 08:32:18 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Jan 2022 10:02:12 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2022-01-27
[ [ "Bertini", "Nicolas R.", "" ], [ "Bilic", "Neven", "" ], [ "Rodrigues", "Davi C.", "" ] ]
We consider an action for gravity that, in addition to the Einstein-Hilbert term, contains a function of the Ricci scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. The specific form of the function considered is motivated by holographic cosmology. At background level the field equations imply modified Friedmann equations of the same form as those in the holographic cosmology. We calculate the cosmological perturbations and derive the corresponding power spectra assuming a general $k$-inflation. We find that the resulting power spectra differ substantially from those obtained in both holographic and standard cosmology. The estimated spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio are confronted with the Planck results.
gr-qc/0005130
Edward Malec
Edward Malec
Diffusion of the electromagnetic energy due to the backscattering off Schwarzschild geometry
16 pages, typos corrected
Phys.Rev. D62 (2000) 084034
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.084034
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Electromagnetic waves propagate in the Schwarzschild spacetime like in a nonuniform medium with a varying refraction index. A fraction of the radiation scatters off the curvature of the geometry. The energy of the backscattered part of an initially outgoing pulse of electromagnetic radiation can be estimated, in the case of dipole radiation, by a compact formula depending on the initial energy, the Schwarzschild radius and the pulse location. The magnitude of the backscattered energy depends on the frequency spectrum of the initial configuration. This effect becomes negligible in the short wave limit, but it can be significant in the long wave regime. Similar results hold for the massless scalar fields and are expected to hold also for weak gravitational waves.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 May 2000 11:11:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Jun 2000 12:42:03 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Sep 2000 13:58:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Malec", "Edward", "" ] ]
Electromagnetic waves propagate in the Schwarzschild spacetime like in a nonuniform medium with a varying refraction index. A fraction of the radiation scatters off the curvature of the geometry. The energy of the backscattered part of an initially outgoing pulse of electromagnetic radiation can be estimated, in the case of dipole radiation, by a compact formula depending on the initial energy, the Schwarzschild radius and the pulse location. The magnitude of the backscattered energy depends on the frequency spectrum of the initial configuration. This effect becomes negligible in the short wave limit, but it can be significant in the long wave regime. Similar results hold for the massless scalar fields and are expected to hold also for weak gravitational waves.
1009.4388
Jorgen Rasmussen
Jorgen Rasmussen
On hidden symmetries of extremal Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black holes
7 pages
J.Geom.Phys.61:922-926,2011
10.1016/j.geomphys.2011.01.006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is well known that the Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black hole admits two linearly independent Killing vectors and possesses a hidden symmetry generated by a rank-2 Killing tensor. The near-horizon geometry of an extremal Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black hole admits four linearly independent Killing vectors, and we show how the hidden symmetry of the black hole itself is carried over by means of a modified Killing-Yano potential which is given explicitly. We demonstrate that the corresponding Killing tensor of the near-horizon geometry is reducible as it can be expressed in terms of the Casimir operators formed by the four Killing vectors.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Sep 2010 15:28:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Sep 2010 08:42:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-03-02
[ [ "Rasmussen", "Jorgen", "" ] ]
It is well known that the Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black hole admits two linearly independent Killing vectors and possesses a hidden symmetry generated by a rank-2 Killing tensor. The near-horizon geometry of an extremal Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black hole admits four linearly independent Killing vectors, and we show how the hidden symmetry of the black hole itself is carried over by means of a modified Killing-Yano potential which is given explicitly. We demonstrate that the corresponding Killing tensor of the near-horizon geometry is reducible as it can be expressed in terms of the Casimir operators formed by the four Killing vectors.
2003.02646
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev and Vladimir Folomeev
Spinor field solutions in $F\left(B^2\right)$ modified Weyl gravity
11pages
null
10.1142/S0218271820500947
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider modified Weyl gravity where a Dirac spinor field is nonminimally coupled to gravity. It is assumed that such modified gravity is some approximation for the description of quantum gravitational effects related to the gravitating spinor field. It is shown that such a theory contains solutions for a class of metrics which are conformally equivalent to the Hopf metric on the Hopf fibration. For this case, we obtain a full discrete spectrum of the solutions and show that they can be related to the Hopf invariant on the Hopf fibration. The expression for the spin operator in the Hopf coordinates is obtained. It is demonstrated that this class of conformally equivalent metrics contains: (a) a metric describing a toroidal wormhole without exotic matter; (b) a cosmological solution with a bounce and inflation; and (c) a transition with a change in metric signature. A physical discussion of the results is given. \end{abstract}
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Mar 2020 11:18:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 May 2020 08:56:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-11-18
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Folomeev", "Vladimir", "" ] ]
We consider modified Weyl gravity where a Dirac spinor field is nonminimally coupled to gravity. It is assumed that such modified gravity is some approximation for the description of quantum gravitational effects related to the gravitating spinor field. It is shown that such a theory contains solutions for a class of metrics which are conformally equivalent to the Hopf metric on the Hopf fibration. For this case, we obtain a full discrete spectrum of the solutions and show that they can be related to the Hopf invariant on the Hopf fibration. The expression for the spin operator in the Hopf coordinates is obtained. It is demonstrated that this class of conformally equivalent metrics contains: (a) a metric describing a toroidal wormhole without exotic matter; (b) a cosmological solution with a bounce and inflation; and (c) a transition with a change in metric signature. A physical discussion of the results is given. \end{abstract}
2307.13588
Fatemeh Sadeghi
Behrouz Mirza, Parichehr Kangazian Kangazi and Fatemeh Sadeghi
A class of rotating metrics in the presence of a scalar field
12 pages and 4 figures
Eur. Phys. J. C (2023) 83:1161
10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12255-7
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a class of three parameter static and axially symmetric metrics that reduce to the Janis-Newman-Winicour (JNW) and $ \gamma$-metrics in certain limits of the parameters. We obtain rotating form of the metrics that are asymptotically flat, stationary and axisymmetric. In certain values of the parameters, the solutions represent the rotating JNW metric, rotating $ \gamma$-metric and Bogush-Gal'tsov (BG) metric. The singularities of rotating metrics are investigated. Using the light-ring method, we obtain the quasi normal modes (QNMs) related to rotating metrics in the eikonal limit. Finally, we investigate the precession frequency of a test gyroscope in the presence of the rotating metrics.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Jul 2023 15:47:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Nov 2023 17:23:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-21
[ [ "Mirza", "Behrouz", "" ], [ "Kangazi", "Parichehr Kangazian", "" ], [ "Sadeghi", "Fatemeh", "" ] ]
We consider a class of three parameter static and axially symmetric metrics that reduce to the Janis-Newman-Winicour (JNW) and $ \gamma$-metrics in certain limits of the parameters. We obtain rotating form of the metrics that are asymptotically flat, stationary and axisymmetric. In certain values of the parameters, the solutions represent the rotating JNW metric, rotating $ \gamma$-metric and Bogush-Gal'tsov (BG) metric. The singularities of rotating metrics are investigated. Using the light-ring method, we obtain the quasi normal modes (QNMs) related to rotating metrics in the eikonal limit. Finally, we investigate the precession frequency of a test gyroscope in the presence of the rotating metrics.
0707.0864
Vladislav Vaganov
Vladislav Vaganov
Self-gravitating radiation in AdS(d)
21 pages, 4 figures, JHEP style; revised version
null
null
DAMTP-2007-66
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study spherically symmetric equilibrium configurations of self-gravitating massless thermal radiation in asymptotically anti-de Sitter space. In d=4, it was shown by Page and Phillips that there is a maximum red-shifted temperature, maximum mass and maximum entropy. For higher central densities, the temperature, mass and entropy undergo an infinite series of damped oscillations, corresponding to unstable configurations. We extend this work to all dimensions $d\geq 3$. We find that in $4\leq d\leq 10$, the behaviour is similar to the d=4 case. In $d\geq 11$, the temperature, mass and entropy are monotonic functions of the central density, asymptoting to their maxima as the central density goes to infinity. In d=3, an exact solution is given by a slice of the AdS C-metric.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 Jul 2007 19:59:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 7 Jul 2007 02:00:31 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Jul 2007 19:59:50 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Aug 2007 19:39:22 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2007-08-02
[ [ "Vaganov", "Vladislav", "" ] ]
We study spherically symmetric equilibrium configurations of self-gravitating massless thermal radiation in asymptotically anti-de Sitter space. In d=4, it was shown by Page and Phillips that there is a maximum red-shifted temperature, maximum mass and maximum entropy. For higher central densities, the temperature, mass and entropy undergo an infinite series of damped oscillations, corresponding to unstable configurations. We extend this work to all dimensions $d\geq 3$. We find that in $4\leq d\leq 10$, the behaviour is similar to the d=4 case. In $d\geq 11$, the temperature, mass and entropy are monotonic functions of the central density, asymptoting to their maxima as the central density goes to infinity. In d=3, an exact solution is given by a slice of the AdS C-metric.
0803.3162
Alessandro Nagar
Thibault Damour, Alessandro Nagar, Mark Hannam, Sascha Husa, Bernd Brugmann
Accurate Effective-One-Body waveforms of inspiralling and coalescing black-hole binaries
25 pages, 15 figures. Improved discussion about errors on numerical relativity data. Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D78:044039,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.044039
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Effective-One-Body (EOB) formalism contains several flexibility parameters, notably $a_5$, $\vp$ and $\a$. We show here how to jointly constrain the values of these parameters by simultaneously best-fitting the EOB waveform to two, independent, numerical relativity (NR) simulations of inspiralling and/or coalescing binary black hole systems: published Caltech-Cornell {\it inspiral} data (considered for gravitational wave frequencies $M\omega\leq 0.1$) on one side, and newly computed {\it coalescence} data on the other side. The resulting, approximately unique, "best-fit" EOB waveform is then shown to exhibit excellent agreement with NR coalescence data for several mass ratios. The dephasing between this best-fit EOB waveform and published Caltech-Cornell inspiral data is found to vary between -0.0014 and +0.0008 radians over a time span of $\sim 2464M$ up to gravitational wave frequency $M\omega= 0.1$, and between +0.0013 and -0.0185 over a time span of 96M after $M\omega=0.1$ up to $M\omega=0.1565$. The dephasings between EOB and the new coalescence data are found to be smaller than: (i) $\pm 0.025$ radians over a time span of 730M (11 cycles) up to merger, in the equal mass case, and (ii) $\pm 0.05$ radians over a time span of about 950M (17 cycles) up to merger in the 2:1 mass-ratio case. These new results corroborate the aptitude of the EOB formalism to provide accurate representations of general relativistic waveforms, which are needed by currently operating gravitational wave detectors.
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 Mar 2008 13:17:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Aug 2008 09:12:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Nagar", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Hannam", "Mark", "" ], [ "Husa", "Sascha", "" ], [ "Brugmann", "Bernd", "" ] ]
The Effective-One-Body (EOB) formalism contains several flexibility parameters, notably $a_5$, $\vp$ and $\a$. We show here how to jointly constrain the values of these parameters by simultaneously best-fitting the EOB waveform to two, independent, numerical relativity (NR) simulations of inspiralling and/or coalescing binary black hole systems: published Caltech-Cornell {\it inspiral} data (considered for gravitational wave frequencies $M\omega\leq 0.1$) on one side, and newly computed {\it coalescence} data on the other side. The resulting, approximately unique, "best-fit" EOB waveform is then shown to exhibit excellent agreement with NR coalescence data for several mass ratios. The dephasing between this best-fit EOB waveform and published Caltech-Cornell inspiral data is found to vary between -0.0014 and +0.0008 radians over a time span of $\sim 2464M$ up to gravitational wave frequency $M\omega= 0.1$, and between +0.0013 and -0.0185 over a time span of 96M after $M\omega=0.1$ up to $M\omega=0.1565$. The dephasings between EOB and the new coalescence data are found to be smaller than: (i) $\pm 0.025$ radians over a time span of 730M (11 cycles) up to merger, in the equal mass case, and (ii) $\pm 0.05$ radians over a time span of about 950M (17 cycles) up to merger in the 2:1 mass-ratio case. These new results corroborate the aptitude of the EOB formalism to provide accurate representations of general relativistic waveforms, which are needed by currently operating gravitational wave detectors.
1412.8666
Alireza Sepehri
M. R. Setare, A. Sepehri
Stability of cylindrical thin shell wormhole during evolution of universe from inflation to late time acceleration
18 pages, 6 figures.v2, accepted in JHEP
null
10.1007/JHEP03(2015)079
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
In this paper, we consider the stability of cylindrical wormholes during evolution of universe from inflation to late time acceleration epochs. We show that there are two types of cylindrical wormholes. The first type is produced at the corresponding point where k black F-strings are transited to BIon configuration. This wormhole transfers energy from extra dimensions into our universe, causes inflation, loses it's energy and vanishes. The second type of cylindrical wormhole is created by a tachyonic potential and causes a new phase of acceleration. We show that wormhole parameters grow faster than the scale factor in this era, overtake it at ripping time and lead to the destruction of universe at big rip singularity.
[ { "created": "Sun, 28 Dec 2014 09:16:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Feb 2015 11:21:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Setare", "M. R.", "" ], [ "Sepehri", "A.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we consider the stability of cylindrical wormholes during evolution of universe from inflation to late time acceleration epochs. We show that there are two types of cylindrical wormholes. The first type is produced at the corresponding point where k black F-strings are transited to BIon configuration. This wormhole transfers energy from extra dimensions into our universe, causes inflation, loses it's energy and vanishes. The second type of cylindrical wormhole is created by a tachyonic potential and causes a new phase of acceleration. We show that wormhole parameters grow faster than the scale factor in this era, overtake it at ripping time and lead to the destruction of universe at big rip singularity.
2006.08918
Alvin Chua
Alvin J. K. Chua, Michele Vallisneri
On parametric tests of relativity with false degrees of freedom
4 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM stat.AP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
General relativity can be tested by comparing the binary-inspiral signals found in LIGO--Virgo data against waveform models that are augmented with artificial degrees of freedom. This approach suffers from a number of logical and practical pitfalls. 1) It is difficult to ascribe meaning to the stringency of the resultant constraints. 2) It is doubtful that the Bayesian model comparison of relativity against these artificial models can offer actual validation for the former. 3) It is unknown to what extent these tests might detect alternative theories of gravity for which there are no computed waveforms; conversely, when waveforms are available, tests that employ them will be superior.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jun 2020 04:29:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-06-17
[ [ "Chua", "Alvin J. K.", "" ], [ "Vallisneri", "Michele", "" ] ]
General relativity can be tested by comparing the binary-inspiral signals found in LIGO--Virgo data against waveform models that are augmented with artificial degrees of freedom. This approach suffers from a number of logical and practical pitfalls. 1) It is difficult to ascribe meaning to the stringency of the resultant constraints. 2) It is doubtful that the Bayesian model comparison of relativity against these artificial models can offer actual validation for the former. 3) It is unknown to what extent these tests might detect alternative theories of gravity for which there are no computed waveforms; conversely, when waveforms are available, tests that employ them will be superior.
2010.11908
Torben Frost
Torben C. Frost and Volker Perlick (ZARM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany)
Lightlike Geodesics and Gravitational Lensing in the Spacetime of an Accelerating Black Hole
37 pages, 13 figures; updated and added new references, corrected typos, minor changes and additions in the text, (e.g., black holes in uniform motion, brief discussion of accelerating black holes with NUT charge, extended discussion of the shadow), modified figure fonts
Class. Quantum Grav. 38, 085016 (2021)
10.1088/1361-6382/abe0f5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The C-metric is a solution to Einstein's vacuum field equation that describes an accelerating black hole. In this paper we discuss the propagation of light rays and the resulting lensing features in this metric. We first solve the lightlike geodesic equation using elliptic integrals and Jacobi elliptic functions. Then we fix a static observer in the region of outer communication of the C-metric and introduce an orthonormal tetrad to parameterise the directions of the light rays ending at the position of the observer using latitude-longitude coordinates on the observer's celestial sphere. In this parameterisation we rederive the angular radius of the shadow, we formulate a lens equation, and we derive the redshift and the travel time of light rays. We discuss the relevance of our theoretical results for detecting accelerating black holes described by the C-metric and for distinguishing them from non-accelerating black holes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Oct 2020 17:43:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Jan 2021 12:51:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-09
[ [ "Frost", "Torben C.", "", "ZARM, University of Bremen,\n Bremen, Germany" ], [ "Perlick", "Volker", "", "ZARM, University of Bremen,\n Bremen, Germany" ] ]
The C-metric is a solution to Einstein's vacuum field equation that describes an accelerating black hole. In this paper we discuss the propagation of light rays and the resulting lensing features in this metric. We first solve the lightlike geodesic equation using elliptic integrals and Jacobi elliptic functions. Then we fix a static observer in the region of outer communication of the C-metric and introduce an orthonormal tetrad to parameterise the directions of the light rays ending at the position of the observer using latitude-longitude coordinates on the observer's celestial sphere. In this parameterisation we rederive the angular radius of the shadow, we formulate a lens equation, and we derive the redshift and the travel time of light rays. We discuss the relevance of our theoretical results for detecting accelerating black holes described by the C-metric and for distinguishing them from non-accelerating black holes.
1511.05999
Sergey G. Klimenko
S. Klimenko, G. Vedovato, M. Drago, F. Salemi, V. Tiwari, G. A. Prodi, C. Lazzaro, K. Ackley, S. Tiwari, C. F. Da Silva Cost- and G. Mitselmakher
Method for detection and reconstruction of gravitational wave transients with networks of advanced detectors
9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Phys. Rev. D 93, 042004 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.042004
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a method for detection and reconstruction of the gravitational-wave (GW) transients with the networks of advanced detectors. Originally designed to search for transients with the initial GW detectors, it uses significantly improved algorithms, which enhances both the low-latency searches with rapid localization of GW events for the electro-magnetic followup and high confidence detection of a broad range of the transient GW sources. In the paper we present the analytic framework of the method. Following a short description of the core analysis algorithms, we introduce a novel approach to the reconstruction of the GW polarization from a pattern of detector responses to a GW signal. This polarization pattern is a unique signature of an arbitrary GW signal that can be measured independent from the other source parameters. The polarization measurements enable rapid reconstruction of the GW waveforms, sky localization and helps identification of the source origin.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Nov 2015 22:10:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Dec 2015 00:45:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Jan 2016 16:03:22 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-02-17
[ [ "Klimenko", "S.", "" ], [ "Vedovato", "G.", "" ], [ "Drago", "M.", "" ], [ "Salemi", "F.", "" ], [ "Tiwari", "V.", "" ], [ "Prodi", "G. A.", "" ], [ "Lazzaro", "C.", "" ], [ "Ackley", "K.", "" ], [ "Tiwari", "S.", "" ], [ "Cost-", "C. F. Da Silva", "" ], [ "Mitselmakher", "G.", "" ] ]
We present a method for detection and reconstruction of the gravitational-wave (GW) transients with the networks of advanced detectors. Originally designed to search for transients with the initial GW detectors, it uses significantly improved algorithms, which enhances both the low-latency searches with rapid localization of GW events for the electro-magnetic followup and high confidence detection of a broad range of the transient GW sources. In the paper we present the analytic framework of the method. Following a short description of the core analysis algorithms, we introduce a novel approach to the reconstruction of the GW polarization from a pattern of detector responses to a GW signal. This polarization pattern is a unique signature of an arbitrary GW signal that can be measured independent from the other source parameters. The polarization measurements enable rapid reconstruction of the GW waveforms, sky localization and helps identification of the source origin.
0903.0067
Davood Momeni
D. Momeni, H. Gholizade
A note on constant curvature solutions in cylindrically symmetric metric $f(R)$ Gravity
13 pages,Typos corrected and references added, accepted for publication in "International journal of modern physics D"(IJMPD), Conclusion and more notes is added,replaced with the published version, The title is changed
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D18:1719-1729,2009
10.1142/S0218271809015266
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the previous work we introduced a new static cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions in Weyl coordinates in the context of the metric f(R) theories of gravity\cite{1}. Now we obtain a 2-parameter family of exact solutions which contains cosmological constant and a new parameter as $\beta$. This solution corresponds to a constant Ricci scalar. We proved that in $f(R)$ gravity, the constant curvature solution in cylindrically symmetric cases is only one member of the most generalized Tian family in GR. We show that our constant curvature exact solution is applicable to the exterior of a string. Sensibility of stability under initial conditions is discussed.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Feb 2009 11:42:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Mar 2009 16:36:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Mar 2009 08:12:54 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 May 2009 15:03:20 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Oct 2009 09:24:06 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Nov 2009 12:36:39 GMT", "version": "v6" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Apr 2010 07:20:02 GMT", "version": "v7" } ]
2010-04-23
[ [ "Momeni", "D.", "" ], [ "Gholizade", "H.", "" ] ]
In the previous work we introduced a new static cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions in Weyl coordinates in the context of the metric f(R) theories of gravity\cite{1}. Now we obtain a 2-parameter family of exact solutions which contains cosmological constant and a new parameter as $\beta$. This solution corresponds to a constant Ricci scalar. We proved that in $f(R)$ gravity, the constant curvature solution in cylindrically symmetric cases is only one member of the most generalized Tian family in GR. We show that our constant curvature exact solution is applicable to the exterior of a string. Sensibility of stability under initial conditions is discussed.
1106.6238
Hing Tong Cho
H. T. Cho, A. S. Cornell, Jason Doukas, and Wade Naylor
Angular Eigenvalues of Higher-Dimensional Kerr-(A)dS Black Holes with Two Rotations
10 pages, no figures. To appear in the proceedings of 2011 Shanghai Asia-Pacific School and Workshop on Gravitation
null
10.1142/S201019451200431X
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, following the work of Chen, L\"u and Pope, we present the general metric for Kerr-(A)dS black holes with two rotations. The corresponding Klein-Gordon equation is separated explicitly, from which we develop perturbative expansions for the angular eigenvalues in powers of the rotation parameters with $D\geq 6$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Jun 2011 14:19:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-28
[ [ "Cho", "H. T.", "" ], [ "Cornell", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Doukas", "Jason", "" ], [ "Naylor", "Wade", "" ] ]
In this paper, following the work of Chen, L\"u and Pope, we present the general metric for Kerr-(A)dS black holes with two rotations. The corresponding Klein-Gordon equation is separated explicitly, from which we develop perturbative expansions for the angular eigenvalues in powers of the rotation parameters with $D\geq 6$.
2306.01054
Tuhin Malik
K. Nobleson and Sarmistha Banik and Tuhin Malik
Unveiling a universal relationship between the f(R) parameter and neutron star properties
10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.124045
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In recent years, modified gravity theories have gained significant attention as potential replacements for the general theory of relativity. Neutron stars, which are dense compact objects, provide ideal astrophysical laboratories for testing these theories. However, understanding the properties of neutron stars within the framework of modified gravity theories requires careful consideration of the presently known uncertainty of equations of state (EoS) that describe the behavior of matter at extreme densities. In this study, we investigate three realistic EoS generated using a relativistic mean field framework, which covers the currently known uncertainties in the stiffness of neutron star matter. We then employ a Bayesian approach to statistically analyze the posterior distribution of the free parameter $\alpha$ of the $f(R)$ gravity model, specifically $f(R) = R + \alpha R^2$. By using this approach, we are able to account for our limited understanding of the interiors of neutron stars as well as the uncertainties associated with the modified gravity theory. We impose observational constraints on our analysis, including the maximum mass, and the radius of a neutron star with a mass of $1.4 M_{\odot}$ and $2.08 M_{\odot}$, which are obtained from X-ray NICER observations. By considering these constraints, we are able to robustly investigate the relationship between the $f(R)$ gravity model parameter $\alpha$ and the maximum mass of neutron stars. Our results reveal a universality relationship between the $f(R)$ gravity model parameter $\alpha$ and the maximum mass of neutron stars. This relationship provides insights into the behavior of neutron stars in modified gravity theories and helps us understand the degeneracies arising from our current limited knowledge of the interiors of neutron stars and the free parameter $\alpha$ of the modified gravity theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Jun 2023 18:00:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Jul 2023 14:50:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-07-20
[ [ "Nobleson", "K.", "" ], [ "Banik", "Sarmistha", "" ], [ "Malik", "Tuhin", "" ] ]
In recent years, modified gravity theories have gained significant attention as potential replacements for the general theory of relativity. Neutron stars, which are dense compact objects, provide ideal astrophysical laboratories for testing these theories. However, understanding the properties of neutron stars within the framework of modified gravity theories requires careful consideration of the presently known uncertainty of equations of state (EoS) that describe the behavior of matter at extreme densities. In this study, we investigate three realistic EoS generated using a relativistic mean field framework, which covers the currently known uncertainties in the stiffness of neutron star matter. We then employ a Bayesian approach to statistically analyze the posterior distribution of the free parameter $\alpha$ of the $f(R)$ gravity model, specifically $f(R) = R + \alpha R^2$. By using this approach, we are able to account for our limited understanding of the interiors of neutron stars as well as the uncertainties associated with the modified gravity theory. We impose observational constraints on our analysis, including the maximum mass, and the radius of a neutron star with a mass of $1.4 M_{\odot}$ and $2.08 M_{\odot}$, which are obtained from X-ray NICER observations. By considering these constraints, we are able to robustly investigate the relationship between the $f(R)$ gravity model parameter $\alpha$ and the maximum mass of neutron stars. Our results reveal a universality relationship between the $f(R)$ gravity model parameter $\alpha$ and the maximum mass of neutron stars. This relationship provides insights into the behavior of neutron stars in modified gravity theories and helps us understand the degeneracies arising from our current limited knowledge of the interiors of neutron stars and the free parameter $\alpha$ of the modified gravity theory.
1204.0091
Vladimir Ivashchuk
A. A. Golubtsova and V. D. Ivashchuk
Exact solutions in gravity with a sigma model source
22 pages, Latex, several phrases and 4 refs. are addes, few typos are eliminated
General Relativity and Gravitation, 44, No 10, 2571-2594 (2012)
10.1007/s10714-012-1415-7
ICG-PFUR-12-03/1v2
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a D-dimensional model of gravity with non-linear "scalar fields" as a matter source. The model is defined on the product manifold M, which contains n Einstein factor spaces. General cosmological type solutions to the field equations are obtained when n-1 factor spaces are Ricci-flat, e.g. when one space M_1 of dimension d_1 > 1 has nonzero scalar curvature. The solutions are defined up to solutions to geodesic equations corresponding to a sigma model target space. Several examples of sigma models are presented. A subclass of spherically-symmetric solutions is studied and a restricted version of "no-hair theorem" for black holes is proved. For the case d_1 =2 a subclass of latent soliton solutions is singled out.
[ { "created": "Sat, 31 Mar 2012 09:58:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 May 2012 13:50:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-04
[ [ "Golubtsova", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Ivashchuk", "V. D.", "" ] ]
We consider a D-dimensional model of gravity with non-linear "scalar fields" as a matter source. The model is defined on the product manifold M, which contains n Einstein factor spaces. General cosmological type solutions to the field equations are obtained when n-1 factor spaces are Ricci-flat, e.g. when one space M_1 of dimension d_1 > 1 has nonzero scalar curvature. The solutions are defined up to solutions to geodesic equations corresponding to a sigma model target space. Several examples of sigma models are presented. A subclass of spherically-symmetric solutions is studied and a restricted version of "no-hair theorem" for black holes is proved. For the case d_1 =2 a subclass of latent soliton solutions is singled out.
gr-qc/0410015
Sayandeb Basu
Sayandeb Basu
Perturbation theory in covariant canonical quantization
15 pages, no figures. Version 2. Introduction significantly restructured to put this work in porper context. Contents unchanged, few references added
Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 084001
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.084001
UCD-04-27
gr-qc
null
I investigate a new idea of perturbation theory in covariant canonical quantization. I present preliminary results for a toy model of a harmonic oscillator with a quartic perturbation, and show that this method reproduces the quantized spectrum of standard quantum theory. This result indicates that when the exact solutions to classical equations are not known, covariant canonical quantization via perturbation theory could be a viable approximation scheme for finding observables, and suggests a physically interesting way of extending the scope of covariant canonical quantization in quantum gravity
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Oct 2004 20:33:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Dec 2004 04:16:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Basu", "Sayandeb", "" ] ]
I investigate a new idea of perturbation theory in covariant canonical quantization. I present preliminary results for a toy model of a harmonic oscillator with a quartic perturbation, and show that this method reproduces the quantized spectrum of standard quantum theory. This result indicates that when the exact solutions to classical equations are not known, covariant canonical quantization via perturbation theory could be a viable approximation scheme for finding observables, and suggests a physically interesting way of extending the scope of covariant canonical quantization in quantum gravity
1410.1486
Steven Carlip
S. Carlip
Black Hole Thermodynamics
Invited review article. A few parts based on an earlier review, arXiv:0807.4520. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D and in "One Hundred Years of General Relativity: Cosmology and Gravity," edited by Wei-Tou Ni (World Scientific, Singapore, 2015). v2: added references and appendix
null
10.1142/S0218271814300237
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The discovery in the early 1970s that black holes radiate as black bodies has radically affected our understanding of general relativity, and offered us some early hints about the nature of quantum gravity. In this chapter I will review the discovery of black hole thermodynamics and summarize the many independent ways of obtaining the thermodynamic and (perhaps) statistical mechanical properties of black holes. I will then describe some of the remaining puzzles, including the nature of the quantum microstates, the problem of universality, and the information loss paradox.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Oct 2014 18:37:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Aug 2015 00:04:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-08-27
[ [ "Carlip", "S.", "" ] ]
The discovery in the early 1970s that black holes radiate as black bodies has radically affected our understanding of general relativity, and offered us some early hints about the nature of quantum gravity. In this chapter I will review the discovery of black hole thermodynamics and summarize the many independent ways of obtaining the thermodynamic and (perhaps) statistical mechanical properties of black holes. I will then describe some of the remaining puzzles, including the nature of the quantum microstates, the problem of universality, and the information loss paradox.
1905.03118
Anuradha Samajdar
Anuradha Samajdar and Tim Dietrich
Waveform systematics for binary neutron star gravitational wave signals: Effects of spin, precession, and the observation of electromagnetic counterparts
10 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Phys. Rev. D 100, 024046 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.024046
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Extracting the properties of a binary system emitting gravitational waves relies on models describing the last stages of the compact binary coalescence. In this article, we study potential biases inherent to current tidal waveform approximants for spinning and precessing systems. We perform a Bayesian study to estimate intrinsic parameters of highly spinning binary neutron star systems. Our analysis shows that one has to include the quadrupolar deformation of the neutron stars due to their rotation once dimensionless spins above $\chi \sim 0.20$ are reached, otherwise the extracted intrinsic parameters are systematically biased. We find that at design sensitivity of Advanced LIGO and Virgo, it seems unlikely that for GW170817-like sources a clear imprint of precession will be visible in the analysis of the signal employing current waveform models. However, precession effects might be detectable for unequal mass configurations with spins larger than $\chi>0.2$. We finalize our study by investigating possible benefits of a combined gravitational wave and electromagnetic detection. The presence of electromagnetic counterparts help in reducing the dimensionality of the parameter space with constraints on the sky location, source distance, and inclination. However, we note that although a small improvement in the estimation of the tidal deformability parameter is seen in these cases, changes in the intrinsic parameters are overall very small.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 May 2019 14:51:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-07-31
[ [ "Samajdar", "Anuradha", "" ], [ "Dietrich", "Tim", "" ] ]
Extracting the properties of a binary system emitting gravitational waves relies on models describing the last stages of the compact binary coalescence. In this article, we study potential biases inherent to current tidal waveform approximants for spinning and precessing systems. We perform a Bayesian study to estimate intrinsic parameters of highly spinning binary neutron star systems. Our analysis shows that one has to include the quadrupolar deformation of the neutron stars due to their rotation once dimensionless spins above $\chi \sim 0.20$ are reached, otherwise the extracted intrinsic parameters are systematically biased. We find that at design sensitivity of Advanced LIGO and Virgo, it seems unlikely that for GW170817-like sources a clear imprint of precession will be visible in the analysis of the signal employing current waveform models. However, precession effects might be detectable for unequal mass configurations with spins larger than $\chi>0.2$. We finalize our study by investigating possible benefits of a combined gravitational wave and electromagnetic detection. The presence of electromagnetic counterparts help in reducing the dimensionality of the parameter space with constraints on the sky location, source distance, and inclination. However, we note that although a small improvement in the estimation of the tidal deformability parameter is seen in these cases, changes in the intrinsic parameters are overall very small.
1805.05919
Avirup Ghosh
C. Fairoos, Avirup Ghosh and Sudipta Sarkar
Boundary Conservation from Bulk Symmetry
Essay received honourable mention in the `Gravity Research Foundation 2018 Awards for Essays on Gravitation`
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D27 (2018) no.14, 1847023
10.1142/S0218271818470235
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The evolution of the black hole horizon can be effectively captured by a fictitious membrane fluid living on the stretched horizon. We show that the dynamics of this boundary matter arises from the invariance of the bulk action under local symmetries in the presence of the inner boundary. If general covariance is broken in a semi-classical treatment of a quantum field near a black hole horizon, we argue that it can be restored by the inclusion of a quantum flux into the membrane conservation equation which is exactly equal to the Hawking flux.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 May 2018 17:21:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-12-04
[ [ "Fairoos", "C.", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Avirup", "" ], [ "Sarkar", "Sudipta", "" ] ]
The evolution of the black hole horizon can be effectively captured by a fictitious membrane fluid living on the stretched horizon. We show that the dynamics of this boundary matter arises from the invariance of the bulk action under local symmetries in the presence of the inner boundary. If general covariance is broken in a semi-classical treatment of a quantum field near a black hole horizon, we argue that it can be restored by the inclusion of a quantum flux into the membrane conservation equation which is exactly equal to the Hawking flux.
1404.6081
Hyeong-Chan Kim
Inyong Cho and Hyeong-Chan Kim
Inflationary Tensor Perturbation in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity
14 pages, 4 figures
Phys. Rev. D 90, 024063 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.024063
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the tensor perturbation in the inflation model driven by a massive-scalar field in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity. For short wave-length modes, the perturbation feature is very similar to that of the usual chaotic inflation. For long wave-length modes, the perturbation exhibits a peculiar rise in the power spectrum which may leave a signature in the cosmic microwave background radiation.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Apr 2014 10:46:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-07-30
[ [ "Cho", "Inyong", "" ], [ "Kim", "Hyeong-Chan", "" ] ]
We investigate the tensor perturbation in the inflation model driven by a massive-scalar field in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity. For short wave-length modes, the perturbation feature is very similar to that of the usual chaotic inflation. For long wave-length modes, the perturbation exhibits a peculiar rise in the power spectrum which may leave a signature in the cosmic microwave background radiation.
1112.2134
Alexey Golovnev
Alexey Golovnev
On the Hamiltonian analysis of non-linear massive gravity
8 pages; minor changes; one of the references and the sign of the potential term are corrected; the reference list is expanded
Physics Letters B 707 (2012), pp. 404-408
10.1016/j.physletb.2011.12.064
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we present a very simple and independent argument for the absence of the Boulware-Deser ghost in the recently proposed potentially ghost-free non-linear massive gravity. The limitation is that, in its simple form, the argument is, in a sense, non-constructive and less explicit than the standard approach. However, the formalism developed here may prove to be useful for discussing the formal aspects of the theory.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Dec 2011 16:08:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Dec 2011 16:54:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-01-11
[ [ "Golovnev", "Alexey", "" ] ]
In this paper we present a very simple and independent argument for the absence of the Boulware-Deser ghost in the recently proposed potentially ghost-free non-linear massive gravity. The limitation is that, in its simple form, the argument is, in a sense, non-constructive and less explicit than the standard approach. However, the formalism developed here may prove to be useful for discussing the formal aspects of the theory.
2204.10396
Medine Ildes
Medine Ildes and Metin Arik
Analytic Solutions of Brans-Dicke Cosmology: Early Inflation and Late Time Accelerated Expansion
null
null
10.1142/S0218271822501310
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the most general exact solutions of Brans-Dicke cosmology by choosing the scale factor "a" as the new independent variable. It is shown that a set of three field equations can be reduced to a constraint equation and a first order linear differential equation. Thus this new set of equations is solvable when one supplies one of the following pairs of functions: ({\Phi}(a), \r{ho}(a)), ({\Phi}(a), V(a)) or ({\Phi}(a), H(a)). A universe with a single component energy-matter density is studied. It is seen that when there is no constant energy density, the Hubble function still contains a constant term which causes exponential expansion. This constant is expressed in terms of the initial values of the universe. An early universe and the present universe with dark energy are studied. In addition late time accelerated expansion is also explained with cosmic domain walls. If we take Brans-Dicke parameter w>4*10^4 formulas of the Hubble function reduce to solutions of {\Lambda}CDM cosmology. Therefore comparison of our results with recent observations of type Ia supernovae indicates that eighty-nine percent of present universe may consist of domain walls while rest is matter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Apr 2022 20:28:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 13 Jul 2022 16:36:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-02-15
[ [ "Ildes", "Medine", "" ], [ "Arik", "Metin", "" ] ]
We investigate the most general exact solutions of Brans-Dicke cosmology by choosing the scale factor "a" as the new independent variable. It is shown that a set of three field equations can be reduced to a constraint equation and a first order linear differential equation. Thus this new set of equations is solvable when one supplies one of the following pairs of functions: ({\Phi}(a), \r{ho}(a)), ({\Phi}(a), V(a)) or ({\Phi}(a), H(a)). A universe with a single component energy-matter density is studied. It is seen that when there is no constant energy density, the Hubble function still contains a constant term which causes exponential expansion. This constant is expressed in terms of the initial values of the universe. An early universe and the present universe with dark energy are studied. In addition late time accelerated expansion is also explained with cosmic domain walls. If we take Brans-Dicke parameter w>4*10^4 formulas of the Hubble function reduce to solutions of {\Lambda}CDM cosmology. Therefore comparison of our results with recent observations of type Ia supernovae indicates that eighty-nine percent of present universe may consist of domain walls while rest is matter.
0704.2994
Robert Bluhm
R. Bluhm
Spontaneous Lorentz Violation, Gravity, and Nambu-Goldstone Modes
3 pages, talk given at the 11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Berlin, Germany, July 2006; typos corrected
null
10.1142/9789812834300_0110
null
gr-qc
null
A brief summary is presented of recent work examining the fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes in gravitational theories with spontaneous Lorentz violation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Apr 2007 12:55:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Apr 2008 17:39:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-11-15
[ [ "Bluhm", "R.", "" ] ]
A brief summary is presented of recent work examining the fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes in gravitational theories with spontaneous Lorentz violation.
2205.07962
Yijun Wang
Yijun Wang, Kris Pardo, Tzu-Ching Chang, Olivier Dor\'e
Constraining the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with Photometric Surveys
7 pages, 2 figures; updated with minor text changes
Phys. Rev. D 106, 084006 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.084006
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The detection of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is essential for understanding black hole populations, especially for supermassive black hole binaries. The recent promising results from various Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations allude to an imminent detection. In this paper, we investigate the relative astrometric gravitational wave detection method, which can contribute to SGWB studies in the microhertz range. We consider the Roman Space Telescope and Gaia as candidates and quantitatively discuss the survey sensitivity in both the frequency and spatial domains. We emphasize the importance of survey specific constraints on performance estimates by considering mean field of view (FoV) signal subtraction and angular power spectrum binning. We conclude that if the SGWB is at a similar level as in PTA estimates, both Roman and Gaia have the potential to detect this frequency-domain power excess. However, both Roman and Gaia are subject to FoV limitations, and are unlikely to be sensitive to the spatial pattern of the SGWB.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 May 2022 19:59:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Oct 2022 18:13:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-10-14
[ [ "Wang", "Yijun", "" ], [ "Pardo", "Kris", "" ], [ "Chang", "Tzu-Ching", "" ], [ "Doré", "Olivier", "" ] ]
The detection of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is essential for understanding black hole populations, especially for supermassive black hole binaries. The recent promising results from various Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations allude to an imminent detection. In this paper, we investigate the relative astrometric gravitational wave detection method, which can contribute to SGWB studies in the microhertz range. We consider the Roman Space Telescope and Gaia as candidates and quantitatively discuss the survey sensitivity in both the frequency and spatial domains. We emphasize the importance of survey specific constraints on performance estimates by considering mean field of view (FoV) signal subtraction and angular power spectrum binning. We conclude that if the SGWB is at a similar level as in PTA estimates, both Roman and Gaia have the potential to detect this frequency-domain power excess. However, both Roman and Gaia are subject to FoV limitations, and are unlikely to be sensitive to the spatial pattern of the SGWB.
1311.6891
Llu\'is Bel
Ll. Bel
Phantom mass gravitational effects
5 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I derive the basic relativistic corrections to the equations of motion of test particles and light rays in the field of a source with active mass $m$, including the phantom mass density that any such source generates when a modification of Newton's action at a distance includes a long range term. The technical framework of this paper is that of Einstein's theory of gravitation at the linear approximation with respect to the mass parameter $m$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Nov 2013 07:54:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-11-28
[ [ "Bel", "Ll.", "" ] ]
I derive the basic relativistic corrections to the equations of motion of test particles and light rays in the field of a source with active mass $m$, including the phantom mass density that any such source generates when a modification of Newton's action at a distance includes a long range term. The technical framework of this paper is that of Einstein's theory of gravitation at the linear approximation with respect to the mass parameter $m$.
1912.11309
Masahiko Taniguchi
Tomohiro Inagaki, Masahiko Taniguchi
Gravitational waves in Modified Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
14 pages, 7 figures
International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 29(2020) 2050072
10.1142/S0218271820500728
HUPD1915
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the gravitational waves in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Applying the metric perturbation around a cosmological background, we obtain explicit expressions for the wave equations. It is shown that the speed of the traceless mode is equal to the speed of light. An additional massive scalar mode appears in the propagation of the gravitational waves. To find phenomena beyond the general relativity the scalar mode mass is calculated as a function of the background curvature in some typical models.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Dec 2019 12:15:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 31 May 2020 07:17:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-08-25
[ [ "Inagaki", "Tomohiro", "" ], [ "Taniguchi", "Masahiko", "" ] ]
We study the gravitational waves in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Applying the metric perturbation around a cosmological background, we obtain explicit expressions for the wave equations. It is shown that the speed of the traceless mode is equal to the speed of light. An additional massive scalar mode appears in the propagation of the gravitational waves. To find phenomena beyond the general relativity the scalar mode mass is calculated as a function of the background curvature in some typical models.
0809.1131
Ahmad Sheykhi
A. Sheykhi and M. Allahverdizadeh
Higher dimensional slowly rotating dilaton black holes in AdS spacetime
11 pages, 1 figure, the version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D78:064073,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.064073
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
In this paper, with an appropriate combination of three Liouville-type dilaton potentials, we obtain the higher dimensional charged slowly rotating dilaton black hole solution for asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. The angular momentum and the gyromagnetic ratio of such a black hole are determined for the arbitrary values of the dilaton coupling constant. It is shown that the dilaton field modifies the gyromagnetic ratio of the rotating dilaton black holes.
[ { "created": "Sat, 6 Sep 2008 04:35:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 21 Sep 2008 05:32:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Sheykhi", "A.", "" ], [ "Allahverdizadeh", "M.", "" ] ]
In this paper, with an appropriate combination of three Liouville-type dilaton potentials, we obtain the higher dimensional charged slowly rotating dilaton black hole solution for asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. The angular momentum and the gyromagnetic ratio of such a black hole are determined for the arbitrary values of the dilaton coupling constant. It is shown that the dilaton field modifies the gyromagnetic ratio of the rotating dilaton black holes.
1007.3304
Jose Socorro Garcia
J. Socorro and Marco D'Oleire
Inflation from Supersymmetric Quantum Cosmology
14 pages, latex2e, To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D82:044008,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.044008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive a special scalar field potential using the anisotropic Bianchi type I cosmological model from canonical quantum cosmology under determined conditions in the evolution to anisotropic variables $\beta_\pm$. In the process, we obtain a family of potentials that has been introduced by hand in the literature to explain cosmological data. Considering supersymmetric quantum cosmology, this family is scanned, fixing the exponential potential as more viable in the inflation scenario $\rm V (\phi) = V_0 \,e^{-\sqrt{3}\phi}$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Jul 2010 23:15:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-21
[ [ "Socorro", "J.", "" ], [ "D'Oleire", "Marco", "" ] ]
We derive a special scalar field potential using the anisotropic Bianchi type I cosmological model from canonical quantum cosmology under determined conditions in the evolution to anisotropic variables $\beta_\pm$. In the process, we obtain a family of potentials that has been introduced by hand in the literature to explain cosmological data. Considering supersymmetric quantum cosmology, this family is scanned, fixing the exponential potential as more viable in the inflation scenario $\rm V (\phi) = V_0 \,e^{-\sqrt{3}\phi}$.
1905.05216
Steven Carlip
S. Carlip
How to Hide a Cosmological Constant
Fourth award, Gravity Research Foundation 2019 Awards for Essays on Gravitation; based in part on arXiv:1809.08277; 5 pages
null
10.1142/S0218271819430041
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Naive calculations in quantum field theory suggest that vacuum fluctuations should induce an enormous cosmological constant. What if these estimates are right? I argue that even a huge cosmological constant might be hidden in Planck scale fluctuations of geometry and topology---what Wheeler called `spacetime foam'---while remaining virtually invisible macroscopically.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 May 2019 18:06:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-01-08
[ [ "Carlip", "S.", "" ] ]
Naive calculations in quantum field theory suggest that vacuum fluctuations should induce an enormous cosmological constant. What if these estimates are right? I argue that even a huge cosmological constant might be hidden in Planck scale fluctuations of geometry and topology---what Wheeler called `spacetime foam'---while remaining virtually invisible macroscopically.
2302.14333
Subenoy Chakraborty
Roshni Bhaumik, Sourav Dutta, and Subenoy Chakraborty
Noether Symmetry analysis in Chameleon Field Cosmology
19 pages, 4 figures
null
10.1142/S0217751X2250018X
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This work deals with chameleon field cosmology (a scalar field nonminimally coupled to cold dark matter) in the background of flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time. Both classical and quantum cosmology have been investigated using Noether symmetry analysis of the underlying physical system. The Wheeler-DeWitt (WD) equation has been constructed on the minisuperspace and solutions have been obtained using conserved charge.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Feb 2023 06:02:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-03-01
[ [ "Bhaumik", "Roshni", "" ], [ "Dutta", "Sourav", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Subenoy", "" ] ]
This work deals with chameleon field cosmology (a scalar field nonminimally coupled to cold dark matter) in the background of flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time. Both classical and quantum cosmology have been investigated using Noether symmetry analysis of the underlying physical system. The Wheeler-DeWitt (WD) equation has been constructed on the minisuperspace and solutions have been obtained using conserved charge.
gr-qc/0408069
Daniel Barraco
A. E. Dominguez and D. E. Barraco
Newtonian limit of the singular f(R) gravity in the Palatini formalism
9 pages
Phys.Rev. D70 (2004) 043505
10.1103/PhysRevD.70.043505
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
Recently D. Vollick [Phys. Rev. D68, 063510 (2003)] has shown that the inclusion of the 1/R curvature terms in the gravitational action and the use of the Palatini formalism offer an alternative explanation for cosmological acceleration. In this work we show not only that this model of Vollick does not have a good Newtonian limit, but also that any f(R) theory with a pole of order n in R=0 and its second derivative respect to R evaluated at Ro is not zero, where Ro is the scalar curvature of background, does not have a good Newtonian limit.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Aug 2004 21:56:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Dominguez", "A. E.", "" ], [ "Barraco", "D. E.", "" ] ]
Recently D. Vollick [Phys. Rev. D68, 063510 (2003)] has shown that the inclusion of the 1/R curvature terms in the gravitational action and the use of the Palatini formalism offer an alternative explanation for cosmological acceleration. In this work we show not only that this model of Vollick does not have a good Newtonian limit, but also that any f(R) theory with a pole of order n in R=0 and its second derivative respect to R evaluated at Ro is not zero, where Ro is the scalar curvature of background, does not have a good Newtonian limit.
gr-qc/0209097
Osvaldo M. Moreschi
Osvaldo M. Moreschi
Intrinsic angular momentum in general relativity
4 pages, 2 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 5409-5426
10.1088/0264-9381/21/23/008
null
gr-qc
null
There are several definitions of the notion of angular momentum in general relativity. However non of them can be said to capture the physical notion of intrinsic angular momentum of the sources in the presence of gravitational radiation. We present a definition which is appropriate for the description of intrinsic angular momentum in radiative spacetimes. This notion is required in calculations involving radiation of angular momentum, as for example is expected in binary coalescence of black holes.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Sep 2002 19:09:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 May 2003 17:47:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Moreschi", "Osvaldo M.", "" ] ]
There are several definitions of the notion of angular momentum in general relativity. However non of them can be said to capture the physical notion of intrinsic angular momentum of the sources in the presence of gravitational radiation. We present a definition which is appropriate for the description of intrinsic angular momentum in radiative spacetimes. This notion is required in calculations involving radiation of angular momentum, as for example is expected in binary coalescence of black holes.
1511.02019
Titus K Mathew
Paxy George and Titus K Mathew
Holographic Ricci dark energy as running vacuum
10 pages
null
10.1142/S0217732316500759
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Holographic Ricci dark energy has been proposed ago has faced with problems of future singularity. In the present work we consider the Ricci dark energy with an additive constant in it's density as running vacuum energy. We have analytically solved the Friedmann equations and also the role played by the general conservation law followed by the cosmic components together. We have shown that the running vacuum energy status of the Ricci dark energy helps to remove the possible future singularity in the model. The additive constant in the density of the running vacuum played an important role, such that, without that, the model predicts either eternal deceleration or eternal acceleration. But along with the additive constant, equivalent to a cosmological constant, the model predicts a late time acceleration in the expansion of the universe, and in the far future of the evolution it tends to de Sitter universe.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Nov 2015 10:09:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-05-25
[ [ "George", "Paxy", "" ], [ "Mathew", "Titus K", "" ] ]
Holographic Ricci dark energy has been proposed ago has faced with problems of future singularity. In the present work we consider the Ricci dark energy with an additive constant in it's density as running vacuum energy. We have analytically solved the Friedmann equations and also the role played by the general conservation law followed by the cosmic components together. We have shown that the running vacuum energy status of the Ricci dark energy helps to remove the possible future singularity in the model. The additive constant in the density of the running vacuum played an important role, such that, without that, the model predicts either eternal deceleration or eternal acceleration. But along with the additive constant, equivalent to a cosmological constant, the model predicts a late time acceleration in the expansion of the universe, and in the far future of the evolution it tends to de Sitter universe.
2108.12670
Bikram Ghosh
Bikram Ghosh and Saugata Mitra
Wormhole solutions in $f(R)$ gravity theory for Chaplygin gas scenario
null
Int.J.Mod.Phys.A 36 (2021) 18, 2150119
10.1142/S0217751X21501190
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The present paper deals with some wormhole solutions which are obtained by taking two different shape functions along with zero tidal force. For obtaining wormhole solutions, anisotropic fluid and a equation of state $p_t=-\frac{a}{\rho}$ related by Chaplygin gas are considered where $\rho$ is the energy density, $p_t$ is tangential pressure and $a$ is positive constant. Energy conditions are examined for two different models, and it is found that a major energy conditions are satisfied in a region.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Aug 2021 16:07:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-08-31
[ [ "Ghosh", "Bikram", "" ], [ "Mitra", "Saugata", "" ] ]
The present paper deals with some wormhole solutions which are obtained by taking two different shape functions along with zero tidal force. For obtaining wormhole solutions, anisotropic fluid and a equation of state $p_t=-\frac{a}{\rho}$ related by Chaplygin gas are considered where $\rho$ is the energy density, $p_t$ is tangential pressure and $a$ is positive constant. Energy conditions are examined for two different models, and it is found that a major energy conditions are satisfied in a region.
1912.04636
Mohammad Ali Gorji
Mohammad Ali Gorji, Alireza Allahyari, Mohsen Khodadi, Hassan Firouzjahi
Mimetic Black Holes
26 pages, 4 figures, matches published version
Phys. Rev. D 101, 124060 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.124060
YITP-20-20
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we look for the vacuum static spherically symmetric solution in the mimetic gravity scenario based on the conformal invariance principle. The trivial solution is a stealth Schwarzschild black hole with scalar hair where the mimetic field does not contribute to the background. However, a solution with two naked singularities shows up when the mimetic scalar field contributes to the background. We show that one of these singularities is the same as the singularity at the center of standard Schwarzschild black hole while the other appears due to caustics formation. However, we construct the mimetic black hole solution by gluing the exterior static spherically symmetric solution to a time-dependent anisotropic spacetime describing the interior of the black hole. It is shown that these two solutions match continuously on the surface of the apparent horizon. Some physical properties of the corresponding mimetic black holes are discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Dec 2019 10:53:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Mar 2020 15:19:17 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Jun 2020 10:53:58 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-07-08
[ [ "Gorji", "Mohammad Ali", "" ], [ "Allahyari", "Alireza", "" ], [ "Khodadi", "Mohsen", "" ], [ "Firouzjahi", "Hassan", "" ] ]
In this paper, we look for the vacuum static spherically symmetric solution in the mimetic gravity scenario based on the conformal invariance principle. The trivial solution is a stealth Schwarzschild black hole with scalar hair where the mimetic field does not contribute to the background. However, a solution with two naked singularities shows up when the mimetic scalar field contributes to the background. We show that one of these singularities is the same as the singularity at the center of standard Schwarzschild black hole while the other appears due to caustics formation. However, we construct the mimetic black hole solution by gluing the exterior static spherically symmetric solution to a time-dependent anisotropic spacetime describing the interior of the black hole. It is shown that these two solutions match continuously on the surface of the apparent horizon. Some physical properties of the corresponding mimetic black holes are discussed.
gr-qc/0512158
Orfeu Bertolami
M.C. Bento, O. Bertolami, M.J. Rebou\c{c}as, P.T. Silva
Generalized Chaplygin gas model, supernovae and cosmic topology
Revtex 4, 8 pages, 10 figures, 1 table; version to match the published one
Phys.Rev.D73:043504,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.73.043504
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
In this work we study to which extent the knowledge of spatial topology may place constraints on the parameters of the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model for unification of dark energy and dark matter. By using both the Poincar\'e dodecahedral and binary octahedral spaces as the observable spatial topologies, we examine the current type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) constraints on the GCG model parameters. We show that the knowledge of spatial topology does provide additional constraints on the $A_s$ parameter of the GCG model but does not lift the degeneracy of the $\alpha$ parameter.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Dec 2005 12:14:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Apr 2006 10:58:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Bento", "M. C.", "" ], [ "Bertolami", "O.", "" ], [ "Rebouças", "M. J.", "" ], [ "Silva", "P. T.", "" ] ]
In this work we study to which extent the knowledge of spatial topology may place constraints on the parameters of the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model for unification of dark energy and dark matter. By using both the Poincar\'e dodecahedral and binary octahedral spaces as the observable spatial topologies, we examine the current type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) constraints on the GCG model parameters. We show that the knowledge of spatial topology does provide additional constraints on the $A_s$ parameter of the GCG model but does not lift the degeneracy of the $\alpha$ parameter.
1311.2874
Zeeshan Yousaf
M. Sharif and Z. Yousaf
Expansion-free Cylindrically Symmetric Models
16 pages
Can. J. Phys. 90(2012)865
10.1139/p2012-070
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper investigates cylindrically symmetric distribution of an-isotropic fluid under the expansion-free condition, which requires the existence of vacuum cavity within the fluid distribution. We have discussed two family of solutions which further provide two exact models in each family. Some of these solutions satisfy Darmois junction condition while some show the presence of thin shell on both boundary surfaces. We also formulate a relation between the Weyl tensor and energy density.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Oct 2013 14:59:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-11-13
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Yousaf", "Z.", "" ] ]
This paper investigates cylindrically symmetric distribution of an-isotropic fluid under the expansion-free condition, which requires the existence of vacuum cavity within the fluid distribution. We have discussed two family of solutions which further provide two exact models in each family. Some of these solutions satisfy Darmois junction condition while some show the presence of thin shell on both boundary surfaces. We also formulate a relation between the Weyl tensor and energy density.
1503.01487
Dejan Stojkovic
Anshul Saini and Dejan Stojkovic
Radiation from a collapsing object is manifestly unitary
typos corrected, difference between various frequencies (\omega_0, \bar{\omega}, \Omega) explained, plots updated, discussion expanded
Phys.Rev.Lett. 114 (2015) 11, 111301
10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.111301
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The process of gravitational collapse excites the fields propagating in the background geometry and gives rise to thermal radiation. We demonstrate by explicit calculations that the density matrix corresponding to such radiation actually describes a pure state. While Hawking's leading order density matrix contains only the diagonal terms, we calculate the off-diagonal correlation terms. These correlations start very small, but then grow in time. The cumulative effect is that the correlations become comparable to the leading order terms and significantly modify the density matrix. While the trace of the Hawking's density matrix squared diverges from unity during the evolution, the trace of the total density matrix squared remains unity at all times and all frequencies. This implies that the process of radiation from a collapsing object is unitary.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Mar 2015 22:34:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 Mar 2015 00:05:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Apr 2015 03:00:42 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 28 Sep 2015 22:33:28 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2015-09-30
[ [ "Saini", "Anshul", "" ], [ "Stojkovic", "Dejan", "" ] ]
The process of gravitational collapse excites the fields propagating in the background geometry and gives rise to thermal radiation. We demonstrate by explicit calculations that the density matrix corresponding to such radiation actually describes a pure state. While Hawking's leading order density matrix contains only the diagonal terms, we calculate the off-diagonal correlation terms. These correlations start very small, but then grow in time. The cumulative effect is that the correlations become comparable to the leading order terms and significantly modify the density matrix. While the trace of the Hawking's density matrix squared diverges from unity during the evolution, the trace of the total density matrix squared remains unity at all times and all frequencies. This implies that the process of radiation from a collapsing object is unitary.
1708.07694
Kirill Krasnov
Kirill Krasnov
Field redefinitions and Plebanski formalism for GR
15 pages, no figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aac844
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We point out that there exists a family of transformations acting on BF-type Lagrangians of gravity, with Lagrangians related by such a transformation corresponding to classically equivalent theories. A transformation of this type corresponds to a particular field redefinition. We discuss both the chiral and non-chiral cases. In the chiral case there is a one-parameter, and in the non-chiral case a two-parameter family of such transformations. In the chiral setup, we use these transformations to give an alternative derivation of the chiral BF plus potential formulation of General Relativity that was proposed recently. In the non-chiral case, we show that there is a new BF plus potential type formulation of GR. We also make some remarks on the non-chiral pure connection formulation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Aug 2017 11:35:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-07-11
[ [ "Krasnov", "Kirill", "" ] ]
We point out that there exists a family of transformations acting on BF-type Lagrangians of gravity, with Lagrangians related by such a transformation corresponding to classically equivalent theories. A transformation of this type corresponds to a particular field redefinition. We discuss both the chiral and non-chiral cases. In the chiral case there is a one-parameter, and in the non-chiral case a two-parameter family of such transformations. In the chiral setup, we use these transformations to give an alternative derivation of the chiral BF plus potential formulation of General Relativity that was proposed recently. In the non-chiral case, we show that there is a new BF plus potential type formulation of GR. We also make some remarks on the non-chiral pure connection formulation.
2408.04672
Jo\~ao Pedro Da Cruz Bravo Ferreira
Jo\~ao Pedro Bravo
f(R) Gravitation: Equivalence of Frames Upon a Conformal Transformation
78 pages, 18 figures, MSc thesis, supervisors: Sergio E. Jor\'{a}s, Ribamar R. R. Reis
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the behavior of the Ricci scalar in the Jordan (JF) and Einstein (EF) frames, in the context of f(R) gravitation. We discuss the physical equivalence of these two representations of the theory, which are mathematically equivalent and whose metrics are connected by a conformal transformation. We find that it is possible for this quantity to be singular in the JF but finite in the EF, if the conformal transformation that connects the frames is singular at the same point as the JF Ricci scalar. The absence of this physical singularity in the EF could be used as an argument against the physical equivalence of the frames. A plot of the EF potential as a function of the associated conformal field shows that the absence of the singularity allows the field to assume values associated to arbitrarily large values of the Ricci curvature. A conjecture is then proposed: the dynamics of the conformal field can be interpreted as a mechanism that can prevent the creation of singularities in the JF.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Aug 2024 15:16:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-12
[ [ "Bravo", "João Pedro", "" ] ]
We investigate the behavior of the Ricci scalar in the Jordan (JF) and Einstein (EF) frames, in the context of f(R) gravitation. We discuss the physical equivalence of these two representations of the theory, which are mathematically equivalent and whose metrics are connected by a conformal transformation. We find that it is possible for this quantity to be singular in the JF but finite in the EF, if the conformal transformation that connects the frames is singular at the same point as the JF Ricci scalar. The absence of this physical singularity in the EF could be used as an argument against the physical equivalence of the frames. A plot of the EF potential as a function of the associated conformal field shows that the absence of the singularity allows the field to assume values associated to arbitrarily large values of the Ricci curvature. A conjecture is then proposed: the dynamics of the conformal field can be interpreted as a mechanism that can prevent the creation of singularities in the JF.
gr-qc/9907052
M. B. Golubev
M.B.Golubev
Gravity Role in Classical Electrodynamics of Charged Point Source
10 Russian Gravitational Conference, Report, 6 pages, LATEX
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
This paper deals with the problem of a point-like charged source under the influence of the external electromagnetic field in terms of perturbation theory for GR equations. It is obtained that GR, in contrast with the classical electrodynamics, in linear perturbation theory predicts an unlimited growth of the dipole perturbation. It is shown that the reason for this unlimited perturbation growth might be related to the presence of the unstable rotational perturbation mode. The analysis of the conditions under which this instability may disappear is performed. The momentum value at which the stability is reached is estimated. These estimations give the electron spin by the order of magnitude (when charge value is equal to elementary one).
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Jul 1999 11:33:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Golubev", "M. B.", "" ] ]
This paper deals with the problem of a point-like charged source under the influence of the external electromagnetic field in terms of perturbation theory for GR equations. It is obtained that GR, in contrast with the classical electrodynamics, in linear perturbation theory predicts an unlimited growth of the dipole perturbation. It is shown that the reason for this unlimited perturbation growth might be related to the presence of the unstable rotational perturbation mode. The analysis of the conditions under which this instability may disappear is performed. The momentum value at which the stability is reached is estimated. These estimations give the electron spin by the order of magnitude (when charge value is equal to elementary one).
gr-qc/0405077
Thomas W. Baumgarte
Thomas W. Baumgarte, Monica L. Skoge and Stuart L. Shapiro
Black Hole-Neutron Star Binaries in General Relativity: Quasiequilibrium Formulation
17 pages, 7 figures; added discussion, tables; PRD in press
Phys.Rev. D70 (2004) 064040
10.1103/PhysRevD.70.064040
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We present a new numerical method for the construction of quasiequilibrium models of black hole-neutron star binaries. We solve the constraint equations of general relativity, decomposed in the conformal thin-sandwich formalism, together with the Euler equation for the neutron star matter. We take the system to be stationary in a corotating frame and thereby assume the presence of a helical Killing vector. We solve these coupled equations in the background metric of a Kerr-Schild black hole, which accounts for the neutron star's black hole companion. In this paper we adopt a polytropic equation of state for the neutron star matter and assume large black hole--to--neutron star mass ratios. These simplifications allow us to focus on the construction of quasiequilibrium neutron star models in the presence of strong-field, black hole companions. We summarize the results of several code tests, compare with Newtonian models, and locate the onset of tidal disruption in a fully relativistic framework.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 May 2004 20:00:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Jul 2004 19:27:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Baumgarte", "Thomas W.", "" ], [ "Skoge", "Monica L.", "" ], [ "Shapiro", "Stuart L.", "" ] ]
We present a new numerical method for the construction of quasiequilibrium models of black hole-neutron star binaries. We solve the constraint equations of general relativity, decomposed in the conformal thin-sandwich formalism, together with the Euler equation for the neutron star matter. We take the system to be stationary in a corotating frame and thereby assume the presence of a helical Killing vector. We solve these coupled equations in the background metric of a Kerr-Schild black hole, which accounts for the neutron star's black hole companion. In this paper we adopt a polytropic equation of state for the neutron star matter and assume large black hole--to--neutron star mass ratios. These simplifications allow us to focus on the construction of quasiequilibrium neutron star models in the presence of strong-field, black hole companions. We summarize the results of several code tests, compare with Newtonian models, and locate the onset of tidal disruption in a fully relativistic framework.
1610.06690
Sousuke Noda
Sousuke Noda, Yasusada Nambu, Masaaki Takahashi
Analog rotating black holes in a magnetohydrodynamic inflow
17 pages, 5 figures, final version to match the published version
Phys. Rev. D 95, 104055 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.104055
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a model of the analog geometry in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. For the MHD flow with magnetic pressure-dominated and gas pressure-dominated conditions, we obtain the magnetoacoustic metric for the fast MHD mode. For the slow MHD mode, on the other hand, the wave is governed by the advective-type equation without an isotropic dispersion term. Thus, the "distance" perpendicular to the wave propagation is not defined and the magnetoacoustic metric cannot be introduced. To investigate the properties of the magnetoacoustic geometry for the fast mode, we prepare a two-dimensional axisymmetric inflow and examine the behavior of magnetoacoustic rays which is a counterpart of the MHD waves in the eikonal limit. We find that the magnetoacoustic geometry is classified into three types depending on two parameters characterizing the background flow:~analog spacetimes of rotating black holes, ultra spinning stars with ergoregions, and spinning stars without ergoregions. We address the effects of the magnetic pressure on the effective geometries.
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 Oct 2016 07:39:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 Oct 2016 01:33:48 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 1 Mar 2017 07:22:26 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Jun 2017 23:34:30 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2017-06-08
[ [ "Noda", "Sousuke", "" ], [ "Nambu", "Yasusada", "" ], [ "Takahashi", "Masaaki", "" ] ]
We present a model of the analog geometry in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. For the MHD flow with magnetic pressure-dominated and gas pressure-dominated conditions, we obtain the magnetoacoustic metric for the fast MHD mode. For the slow MHD mode, on the other hand, the wave is governed by the advective-type equation without an isotropic dispersion term. Thus, the "distance" perpendicular to the wave propagation is not defined and the magnetoacoustic metric cannot be introduced. To investigate the properties of the magnetoacoustic geometry for the fast mode, we prepare a two-dimensional axisymmetric inflow and examine the behavior of magnetoacoustic rays which is a counterpart of the MHD waves in the eikonal limit. We find that the magnetoacoustic geometry is classified into three types depending on two parameters characterizing the background flow:~analog spacetimes of rotating black holes, ultra spinning stars with ergoregions, and spinning stars without ergoregions. We address the effects of the magnetic pressure on the effective geometries.
gr-qc/0007010
Peter Dunsby
Stacey Hobbs and Peter K. S. Dunsby
Dynamical Systems Approach to Magnetised Cosmological Perturbations
15 pages RevTeX, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D62 (2000) 124007
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.124007
uct-cosmology-00/05
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Assuming a large-scale homogeneous magnetic field, we follow the covariant and gauge-invariant approach used by Tsagas and Barrow to describe the evolution of density and magnetic field inhomogeneities and curvature perturbations in a matter-radiation universe. We use a two parameter approximation scheme to linearize their exact non-linear general-relativistic equations for magneto-hydrodynamic evolution. Using a two-fluid approach we set up the governing equations as a fourth order autonomous dynamical system. Analysis of the equilibrium points for the radiation dominated era lead to solutions similar to the super-horizon modes found analytically by Tsagas and Maartens. We find that a study of the dynamical system in the dust-dominated era leads naturally to a magnetic critical length scale closely related to the Jeans Length. Depending on the size of wavelengths relative to this scale, these solutions show three distinct behaviours: large-scale stable growing modes, intermediate decaying modes, and small-scale damped oscillatory solutions.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Jul 2000 19:01:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 18 Aug 2000 14:59:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Hobbs", "Stacey", "" ], [ "Dunsby", "Peter K. S.", "" ] ]
Assuming a large-scale homogeneous magnetic field, we follow the covariant and gauge-invariant approach used by Tsagas and Barrow to describe the evolution of density and magnetic field inhomogeneities and curvature perturbations in a matter-radiation universe. We use a two parameter approximation scheme to linearize their exact non-linear general-relativistic equations for magneto-hydrodynamic evolution. Using a two-fluid approach we set up the governing equations as a fourth order autonomous dynamical system. Analysis of the equilibrium points for the radiation dominated era lead to solutions similar to the super-horizon modes found analytically by Tsagas and Maartens. We find that a study of the dynamical system in the dust-dominated era leads naturally to a magnetic critical length scale closely related to the Jeans Length. Depending on the size of wavelengths relative to this scale, these solutions show three distinct behaviours: large-scale stable growing modes, intermediate decaying modes, and small-scale damped oscillatory solutions.
1509.07976
Shahram Jalalzadeh
M. Hashemi, S. Jalalzadeh and S. Vasheghani Farahani
The laws of thermodynamics and information for emergent cosmology
10 pages, no figures, to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav
null
10.1007/s10714-015-1971-8
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The aim here is to provide a set of equations for cosmology in terms of information and thermodynamical parameters. The method we implement in order to describe the universe is a development of Padmanabhan\rq{}s approach which is based on the fact that emergence of the cosmic space is provided by the evolution of the cosmic time. In this line we obtain the Friedmann equation or its equivalent the conservation law in terms of information by the implementation of Laundauer\rq{}s principle or in other words the information loss/production rate. Hence, a self consistent description of the universe is provided in terms of thermodynamical parameters. This is due to the fact that in this work the role of information which is the most important actor of all times, has stepped in to cosmology. We provide a picture of the emergent cosmology merely based on the information theory. In addition, we introduce a novel entropy on the horizon, which can also generalize Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for the asymptotic holographic principle.
[ { "created": "Sat, 26 Sep 2015 13:25:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-11-04
[ [ "Hashemi", "M.", "" ], [ "Jalalzadeh", "S.", "" ], [ "Farahani", "S. Vasheghani", "" ] ]
The aim here is to provide a set of equations for cosmology in terms of information and thermodynamical parameters. The method we implement in order to describe the universe is a development of Padmanabhan\rq{}s approach which is based on the fact that emergence of the cosmic space is provided by the evolution of the cosmic time. In this line we obtain the Friedmann equation or its equivalent the conservation law in terms of information by the implementation of Laundauer\rq{}s principle or in other words the information loss/production rate. Hence, a self consistent description of the universe is provided in terms of thermodynamical parameters. This is due to the fact that in this work the role of information which is the most important actor of all times, has stepped in to cosmology. We provide a picture of the emergent cosmology merely based on the information theory. In addition, we introduce a novel entropy on the horizon, which can also generalize Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for the asymptotic holographic principle.
1609.06944
Tao Jun
Xiaobo Guo, Bochen Lv, Jun Tao, Peng Wang
Quantum Tunneling In Deformed Quantum Mechanics with Minimal Length
16 pages, 5 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the deformed quantum mechanics with a minimal length, one WKB connection formula through a turning point is derived. We then use it to calculate tunnelling rates through potential barriers under the WKB approximation. Finally, the minimal length effects on two examples of quantum tunneling in nuclear and atomic physics are discussed
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Sep 2016 12:45:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-09-23
[ [ "Guo", "Xiaobo", "" ], [ "Lv", "Bochen", "" ], [ "Tao", "Jun", "" ], [ "Wang", "Peng", "" ] ]
In the deformed quantum mechanics with a minimal length, one WKB connection formula through a turning point is derived. We then use it to calculate tunnelling rates through potential barriers under the WKB approximation. Finally, the minimal length effects on two examples of quantum tunneling in nuclear and atomic physics are discussed
1703.06433
Rafael A. Porto
Rafael A. Porto and Ira Z. Rothstein
On the Apparent Ambiguities in the Post-Newtonian Expansion for Binary Systems
12 pages. 1 figure. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 96, 024062 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.024062
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the source of the apparent ambiguities arising in the calculation of the dynamics of binary black holes within the Post-Newtonian framework. Divergences appear in both the near and far zone calculations, and may be of either ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) nature. The effective field theory (EFT) formalism elucidates the origin of the singularities which may introduce apparent ambiguities. In particular, the only (physical) 'ambiguity parameters' that necessitate a matching calculation correspond to unknown finite size effects, which first appear at fifth Post-Newtonian (5PN) order for non-spinning bodies. We demonstrate that the ambiguities linked to IR divergences in the near zone, that plague the recent derivations of the binding energy at 4PN order, both in the ADM and 'Fokker-action' approach, can be resolved by implementing the so-called 'zero-bin' subtraction in the EFT framework. The procedure yields ambiguity-free results without the need of additional information beyond the PN expansion.
[ { "created": "Sun, 19 Mar 2017 13:19:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 30 Jul 2017 14:52:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-08-09
[ [ "Porto", "Rafael A.", "" ], [ "Rothstein", "Ira Z.", "" ] ]
We discuss the source of the apparent ambiguities arising in the calculation of the dynamics of binary black holes within the Post-Newtonian framework. Divergences appear in both the near and far zone calculations, and may be of either ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) nature. The effective field theory (EFT) formalism elucidates the origin of the singularities which may introduce apparent ambiguities. In particular, the only (physical) 'ambiguity parameters' that necessitate a matching calculation correspond to unknown finite size effects, which first appear at fifth Post-Newtonian (5PN) order for non-spinning bodies. We demonstrate that the ambiguities linked to IR divergences in the near zone, that plague the recent derivations of the binding energy at 4PN order, both in the ADM and 'Fokker-action' approach, can be resolved by implementing the so-called 'zero-bin' subtraction in the EFT framework. The procedure yields ambiguity-free results without the need of additional information beyond the PN expansion.
gr-qc/0012092
Angelo Tartaglia
A. Tartaglia (Dip. Fisica, Politecnico, Torino and INFN Torino, Italy)
Gravitomagnetism, clocks and geometry
TCI Latex, 12 pages, 2 figures. To appear in European Journal of Physics
null
10.1088/0143-0807/22/2/301
null
gr-qc
null
New techniques to evaluate the clock effect using light are described. These are based on the flatness of the cylindrical surface containing the world lines of the rays constrained to move on circular trajectories about a spinning mass. The effect of the angular momentum of the source is manifested in the fact that inertial observers must be replaced by local non rotating observers. Starting from this an exact formula for circular trajectories is found. Numerical estimates for the Earth environment show that light would be a better probe than actual clocks to evidence the angular momentum influence. The advantages of light in connection with some principle experiments are shortly reviewed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Dec 2000 14:41:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Tartaglia", "A.", "", "Dip. Fisica, Politecnico, Torino and INFN Torino, Italy" ] ]
New techniques to evaluate the clock effect using light are described. These are based on the flatness of the cylindrical surface containing the world lines of the rays constrained to move on circular trajectories about a spinning mass. The effect of the angular momentum of the source is manifested in the fact that inertial observers must be replaced by local non rotating observers. Starting from this an exact formula for circular trajectories is found. Numerical estimates for the Earth environment show that light would be a better probe than actual clocks to evidence the angular momentum influence. The advantages of light in connection with some principle experiments are shortly reviewed.
gr-qc/9710051
Robert Jantzen
Robert T Jantzen, Donato Bini, Paolo Carini
The Inertial Forces / Test Particle Motion Game
References corrected and updated, one equation (9) corrected, 22 pages, latex, 3 included pictex figures, needs World Scientific proceedings style file mprocl.sty, and prepictex.tex, pictex.tex, postpictex.tex (all available at http://xxx.lanl.gov), to appear in the Proceedings of the Eighth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity (Tsvi Piran, Ed.), World Scientific, 1998
Proceedings of the Eighth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Tsvi Piran, Editor, World Scientific, Singapore, 1998, Vol. A, pp. 376-397
null
null
gr-qc
null
The somewhat fragmented body of current literature analyzing the properties of test particle motion in static and stationary spacetimes and in general spacetimes is pulled together and clarified using the framework of gravitoelectromagnetism.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Oct 1997 16:10:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Aug 1998 19:39:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Jantzen", "Robert T", "" ], [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Carini", "Paolo", "" ] ]
The somewhat fragmented body of current literature analyzing the properties of test particle motion in static and stationary spacetimes and in general spacetimes is pulled together and clarified using the framework of gravitoelectromagnetism.
1208.1523
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
Local cosmological effects of the order of H in the orbital motion of a binary system
LaTex, 8 pages, no figures, 4 tables. Version matching the one at press in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc.429:915-922,2013
10.1093/mnras/sts396
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.EP physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A two-body system hypothetically affected by an additional radial acceleration H v_r, where v_r is the radial velocity of the binary's proper orbital motion, would experience long-term temporal changes of both its semimajor axis a and the eccentricity e qualitatively different from any other standard competing effect for them. Contrary to what one might reasonably expect, the analytical expressions of such rates do not vanish in the limit M--> 0, where M is the mass of the primary, being independent of it. This is a general requirement that any potentially viable physical mechanism able to provide such a putative acceleration should meet. Nonetheless, if H had the same value H_0 of the Hubble parameter at present epoch, such rates of change would have magnitude close to the present-day level of accuracy in determining planetary orbital motions in our Solar System. A tension with recent observations may even be present for Mercury and Mars. However, general relativity, applied to a localized gravitationally bound binary system immersed in an expanding Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker, does not predict the existence of such a putative radial acceleration at Newtonian level. Instead, it was recently shown in literature that an acceleration of order H and directed along the velocity v of the test particle occurs at post-Newtonian level. We worked out its orbital effects finding well-behaved secular rates of change for both a and e proportional to the Schwarzschild radius r_s of the primary. Their magnitude is quite small: the rate of change of a amounts to just 20 microns per century in our Solar System. Finally, we discussed certain basic criteria of viability that modified models of gravity should generally meet when their observable effects are calculated.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Aug 2012 20:53:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Aug 2012 13:32:16 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Nov 2012 14:21:30 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Nov 2012 15:51:00 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2013-01-15
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
A two-body system hypothetically affected by an additional radial acceleration H v_r, where v_r is the radial velocity of the binary's proper orbital motion, would experience long-term temporal changes of both its semimajor axis a and the eccentricity e qualitatively different from any other standard competing effect for them. Contrary to what one might reasonably expect, the analytical expressions of such rates do not vanish in the limit M--> 0, where M is the mass of the primary, being independent of it. This is a general requirement that any potentially viable physical mechanism able to provide such a putative acceleration should meet. Nonetheless, if H had the same value H_0 of the Hubble parameter at present epoch, such rates of change would have magnitude close to the present-day level of accuracy in determining planetary orbital motions in our Solar System. A tension with recent observations may even be present for Mercury and Mars. However, general relativity, applied to a localized gravitationally bound binary system immersed in an expanding Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker, does not predict the existence of such a putative radial acceleration at Newtonian level. Instead, it was recently shown in literature that an acceleration of order H and directed along the velocity v of the test particle occurs at post-Newtonian level. We worked out its orbital effects finding well-behaved secular rates of change for both a and e proportional to the Schwarzschild radius r_s of the primary. Their magnitude is quite small: the rate of change of a amounts to just 20 microns per century in our Solar System. Finally, we discussed certain basic criteria of viability that modified models of gravity should generally meet when their observable effects are calculated.
1605.03567
Carsten van de Bruck
Carsten van de Bruck, Clare Burrage and Jack Morrice
Vacuum Cherenkov radiation and bremsstrahlung from disformal couplings
17 pages, 3 figures; slight reordering of material and references added
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/08/003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The simplest way to modify gravity is to extend the gravitational sector to include an additional scalar degree of freedom. The most general metric that can be built in such a theory includes disformal terms, so that standard model fields move on a metric which is the sum of the space time metric and a tensor constructed from first derivatives of the scalar. In such a theory gravitational waves and photons can propagate at different speeds, and these can in turn be different from the maximum speed limit for matter particles. In this work we show that disformal couplings can cause charged particles to emit Cherenkov radiation and bremsstrahlung apparently in vacuum, depending on the background evolution of the scalar field. We discuss the implications of this for observations of cosmic rays, and the constraints that arise for models of dark energy with disformal couplings.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 May 2016 18:09:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Jun 2016 14:25:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-17
[ [ "van de Bruck", "Carsten", "" ], [ "Burrage", "Clare", "" ], [ "Morrice", "Jack", "" ] ]
The simplest way to modify gravity is to extend the gravitational sector to include an additional scalar degree of freedom. The most general metric that can be built in such a theory includes disformal terms, so that standard model fields move on a metric which is the sum of the space time metric and a tensor constructed from first derivatives of the scalar. In such a theory gravitational waves and photons can propagate at different speeds, and these can in turn be different from the maximum speed limit for matter particles. In this work we show that disformal couplings can cause charged particles to emit Cherenkov radiation and bremsstrahlung apparently in vacuum, depending on the background evolution of the scalar field. We discuss the implications of this for observations of cosmic rays, and the constraints that arise for models of dark energy with disformal couplings.
0812.4430
Roberto A. Sussman
Roberto A Sussman
Shear viscosity, relaxation and collision times in spherically symmetric spacetimes
Invited contribution in "Casimir effect and Cosmology", special volume on the occasion of 70th birthday of Prof. I. Brevik, collection of articles, Odintsov, S. D., E.Elizalde and O.G. Gorbunova, -Scientific Editors, TSPU Publishing Company, TSPU, Tomsk, single book, 2008. IOP LaTeX style, 15 pages, 3 pdf figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We interpret as shear viscosity the anisotropic pressure that emerges in inhomogeneous spherically symmetric spacetimes described by the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric in a comoving frame. By assuming that local isotropic pressure and energy density satisfy a generic ideal gas equation of state, we reduce the field equations to a set of evolution equations based on auxiliary quasi-local variables. We examine the transport equation of shear viscosity from Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics and use a numerical solution of the evolution equations to obtain the relaxation times for the full and "truncated" versions. Considering a gas of cold dark matter WIMPS after its decoupling from the cosmic fluid, we show that the relaxation times for the general equation are qualitatively analogous to collision times, while the truncated version is inadequate to describe transient phenomena of transition to equilibrium.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Dec 2008 17:17:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-12-24
[ [ "Sussman", "Roberto A", "" ] ]
We interpret as shear viscosity the anisotropic pressure that emerges in inhomogeneous spherically symmetric spacetimes described by the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric in a comoving frame. By assuming that local isotropic pressure and energy density satisfy a generic ideal gas equation of state, we reduce the field equations to a set of evolution equations based on auxiliary quasi-local variables. We examine the transport equation of shear viscosity from Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics and use a numerical solution of the evolution equations to obtain the relaxation times for the full and "truncated" versions. Considering a gas of cold dark matter WIMPS after its decoupling from the cosmic fluid, we show that the relaxation times for the general equation are qualitatively analogous to collision times, while the truncated version is inadequate to describe transient phenomena of transition to equilibrium.
2212.05542
Tiberiu Harko
Jin-Zhao Yang, Shahab Shahidi, Tiberiu Harko
Black hole solutions in the quadratic Weyl conformal geometric theory of gravity
29 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11131-0
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider numerical black hole solutions in the Weyl conformal geometry, and its associated conformally invariant Weyl quadratic gravity. In this model Einstein gravity (with a positive cosmological constant) is recovered in the spontaneously broken phase of Weyl gravity, after the Weyl gauge field ($\omega _{\mu}$) becomes massive through a Stueckelberg mechanism, and it decouples. As a first step in our investigations we write down the conformally invariant gravitational action, containing a scalar degree of freedom, and the Weyl vector. The field equations are derived from the variational principle in the absence of matter. By adopting a static spherically symmetric geometry, the vacuum field equations for the gravitational, scalar, and Weyl fields are obtained. After reformulating the field equations in a dimensionless form, and by introducing a suitable independent radial coordinate, we obtain their solutions numerically. We detect the formation of a black hole from the presence of a Killing horizon for the timelike Killing vector in the metric tensor components, indicating the existence of the singularity in the metric. Several models, corresponding to different functional forms of the Weyl vector, are considered. An exact black hole model, corresponding to a Weyl vector having only a radial spacelike component, is also obtained. The thermodynamic properties of the Weyl geometric type black holes (horizon temperature, specific heat, entropy and evaporation time due to Hawking luminosity) are also analyzed in detail.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 Dec 2022 16:52:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-18
[ [ "Yang", "Jin-Zhao", "" ], [ "Shahidi", "Shahab", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ] ]
We consider numerical black hole solutions in the Weyl conformal geometry, and its associated conformally invariant Weyl quadratic gravity. In this model Einstein gravity (with a positive cosmological constant) is recovered in the spontaneously broken phase of Weyl gravity, after the Weyl gauge field ($\omega _{\mu}$) becomes massive through a Stueckelberg mechanism, and it decouples. As a first step in our investigations we write down the conformally invariant gravitational action, containing a scalar degree of freedom, and the Weyl vector. The field equations are derived from the variational principle in the absence of matter. By adopting a static spherically symmetric geometry, the vacuum field equations for the gravitational, scalar, and Weyl fields are obtained. After reformulating the field equations in a dimensionless form, and by introducing a suitable independent radial coordinate, we obtain their solutions numerically. We detect the formation of a black hole from the presence of a Killing horizon for the timelike Killing vector in the metric tensor components, indicating the existence of the singularity in the metric. Several models, corresponding to different functional forms of the Weyl vector, are considered. An exact black hole model, corresponding to a Weyl vector having only a radial spacelike component, is also obtained. The thermodynamic properties of the Weyl geometric type black holes (horizon temperature, specific heat, entropy and evaporation time due to Hawking luminosity) are also analyzed in detail.
1510.04656
Alessio Belenchia
Alessio Belenchia, Dionigi M.T. Benincasa, Fay Dowker
The continuum limit of a 4-dimensional causal set scalar d'Alembertian
31 pages, 2 figures. Slightly revised version, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
null
10.1088/0264-9381/33/24/245018
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The continuum limit of a 4-dimensional, discrete d'Alembertian operator for scalar fields on causal sets is studied. The continuum limit of the mean of this operator in the Poisson point process in 4-dimensional Minkowski spacetime is shown to be the usual continuum scalar d'Alembertian $\Box$. It is shown that the mean is close to the limit when there exists a frame in which the scalar field is slowly varying on a scale set by the density of the Poisson process. The continuum limit of the mean of the causal set d'Alembertian in 4-dimensional curved spacetime is shown to equal $\Box - \frac{1}{2}R$, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, under certain conditions on the spacetime and the scalar field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Oct 2015 18:30:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 30 Oct 2016 13:37:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-12-14
[ [ "Belenchia", "Alessio", "" ], [ "Benincasa", "Dionigi M. T.", "" ], [ "Dowker", "Fay", "" ] ]
The continuum limit of a 4-dimensional, discrete d'Alembertian operator for scalar fields on causal sets is studied. The continuum limit of the mean of this operator in the Poisson point process in 4-dimensional Minkowski spacetime is shown to be the usual continuum scalar d'Alembertian $\Box$. It is shown that the mean is close to the limit when there exists a frame in which the scalar field is slowly varying on a scale set by the density of the Poisson process. The continuum limit of the mean of the causal set d'Alembertian in 4-dimensional curved spacetime is shown to equal $\Box - \frac{1}{2}R$, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, under certain conditions on the spacetime and the scalar field.
gr-qc/0703020
arXiv Admin
G. Felici
The meaning of systematic errors, a comment to "Reply to On the Systematic Errors in the Detection of the Lense-Thirring Effect with a Mars Orbiter", by Lorenzo Iorio
This submission has been removed because 'G. Felici' is an apparent pseudonym, in violation of arXiv policies
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
This submission has been removed because 'G. Felici' is an apparent pseudonym, in violation of arXiv policies.
[ { "created": "Sat, 3 Mar 2007 20:06:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 Mar 2007 13:53:40 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 Feb 2014 15:43:57 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-02-17
[ [ "Felici", "G.", "" ] ]
This submission has been removed because 'G. Felici' is an apparent pseudonym, in violation of arXiv policies.
2304.02118
Mykhailo Tataryn
Mykhailo Tataryn and Mykola Stetsko
Three-dimensional static black hole with $\Lambda$ and nonlinear electromagnetic fields and its thermodynamics
null
International Journal of Modern Physics D. Vol. 28, 1950160 (2019)
10.1142/S0218271819501608
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Static black hole with the Power Maxwell invariant (PMI), Born-Infeld (BI), logarithmic (LN), exponential (EN) electromagnetic fields in three-dimensional spacetime with cosmological constant was studied. It was shown that the LN and EN fields represent the Born-Infeld type of nonlinear electrodynamics. It the framework of General Relativity the exact solutions of the field equations were obtained, corresponding thermodynamic functions were calculated and the P-V criticality of the black holes in the extended phase space thermodynamics was investigated.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Apr 2023 20:57:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-06
[ [ "Tataryn", "Mykhailo", "" ], [ "Stetsko", "Mykola", "" ] ]
Static black hole with the Power Maxwell invariant (PMI), Born-Infeld (BI), logarithmic (LN), exponential (EN) electromagnetic fields in three-dimensional spacetime with cosmological constant was studied. It was shown that the LN and EN fields represent the Born-Infeld type of nonlinear electrodynamics. It the framework of General Relativity the exact solutions of the field equations were obtained, corresponding thermodynamic functions were calculated and the P-V criticality of the black holes in the extended phase space thermodynamics was investigated.
2010.13958
Yacine Ali-Ha\"imoud
Yacine Ali-Ha\"imoud, Tristan L. Smith and Chiara M. F. Mingarelli
Insights into searches for anisotropies in the nanohertz gravitational-wave background
21 pages, 14 figures. Version accepted for publication in PRD after minor changes
Phys. Rev. D 103, 042009 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.042009
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Within the next several years pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are positioned to detect the stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) likely produced by the collection of inspiralling super-massive black holes binaries, and potentially constrain some exotic physics. So far most of the pulsar timing data analysis has focused on the monopole of the GWB, assuming it is perfectly isotropic. The natural next step is to search for anisotropies in the GWB. In this paper, we use the recently developed PTA Fisher matrix to gain insights into optimal search strategies for GWB anisotropies. For concreteness, we apply our results to EPTA data, using realistic noise characteristics of its pulsars. We project the detectability of a GWB whose angular dependence is assumed to be a linear combination of predetermined maps, such as spherical harmonics or coarse pixels. We find that the GWB monopole is always statistically correlated with these maps, implying a loss of sensitivity to the monopole when searching simultaneously for anisotropies. We then derive the angular distributions of the GWB intensity to which a PTA is most sensitive, and illustrate how one may use these "principal maps" to approximately reconstruct the angular dependence of the GWB. Since the principal maps are neither perfectly anisotropic nor uncorrelated with the monopole, we also develop a frequentist criterion to specifically search for anisotropies in the GWB without any prior knowledge about their angular distribution. Lastly, we show how to recover existing EPTA results with our Fisher formalism, and clarify their meaning. The tools presented here will be valuable in guiding and optimizing the computationally demanding analyses of pulsar timing data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Oct 2020 23:51:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Feb 2021 23:12:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-02-24
[ [ "Ali-Haïmoud", "Yacine", "" ], [ "Smith", "Tristan L.", "" ], [ "Mingarelli", "Chiara M. F.", "" ] ]
Within the next several years pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are positioned to detect the stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) likely produced by the collection of inspiralling super-massive black holes binaries, and potentially constrain some exotic physics. So far most of the pulsar timing data analysis has focused on the monopole of the GWB, assuming it is perfectly isotropic. The natural next step is to search for anisotropies in the GWB. In this paper, we use the recently developed PTA Fisher matrix to gain insights into optimal search strategies for GWB anisotropies. For concreteness, we apply our results to EPTA data, using realistic noise characteristics of its pulsars. We project the detectability of a GWB whose angular dependence is assumed to be a linear combination of predetermined maps, such as spherical harmonics or coarse pixels. We find that the GWB monopole is always statistically correlated with these maps, implying a loss of sensitivity to the monopole when searching simultaneously for anisotropies. We then derive the angular distributions of the GWB intensity to which a PTA is most sensitive, and illustrate how one may use these "principal maps" to approximately reconstruct the angular dependence of the GWB. Since the principal maps are neither perfectly anisotropic nor uncorrelated with the monopole, we also develop a frequentist criterion to specifically search for anisotropies in the GWB without any prior knowledge about their angular distribution. Lastly, we show how to recover existing EPTA results with our Fisher formalism, and clarify their meaning. The tools presented here will be valuable in guiding and optimizing the computationally demanding analyses of pulsar timing data.
1411.1843
Farhad Ali Khan
Farhad Ali, Tooba Feroze
Approximate Noether Symmetries from Lagrangian for Plane Symmetric Spacetimes
null
null
10.1142/S0219887815501248
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Noether symmetries from geodetic Lagrangian for time-conformal plane symmetric spacetime are presented. Here, time conformal factor is used to find the approximate Noether symmetries. This is a generalization of the idea discussed by I. Hussain and A. Noether symmetries from geodetic Lagrangian for time-conformal plane symmetric spacetime are presented. Here, time conformal factor is used to find the approximate Noether symmetries. This is a generalization of the idea discussed by I. Hussain and A. Qadir [3,4], where they obtained approximate Noether symmetries from Lagrangian for a particular plane symmetric static spacetime. In the present article, the most general plane symmetric static spacetime is considered and perturb it by introducing a general time conformal factor $e^{\epsilon f(t)}$, where $\epsilon$ is very small which causes the perturbation in the spacetime. Taking the perturbation up to the first order, we find all Lagrangian for plane symmetric spactimes from which approximate Noether symmetries exist. PACS 11.30.-j-Symmetries and conservation laws PACS 04.20.-q-Classical general Relativity
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Nov 2014 06:33:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-11-04
[ [ "Ali", "Farhad", "" ], [ "Feroze", "Tooba", "" ] ]
Noether symmetries from geodetic Lagrangian for time-conformal plane symmetric spacetime are presented. Here, time conformal factor is used to find the approximate Noether symmetries. This is a generalization of the idea discussed by I. Hussain and A. Noether symmetries from geodetic Lagrangian for time-conformal plane symmetric spacetime are presented. Here, time conformal factor is used to find the approximate Noether symmetries. This is a generalization of the idea discussed by I. Hussain and A. Qadir [3,4], where they obtained approximate Noether symmetries from Lagrangian for a particular plane symmetric static spacetime. In the present article, the most general plane symmetric static spacetime is considered and perturb it by introducing a general time conformal factor $e^{\epsilon f(t)}$, where $\epsilon$ is very small which causes the perturbation in the spacetime. Taking the perturbation up to the first order, we find all Lagrangian for plane symmetric spactimes from which approximate Noether symmetries exist. PACS 11.30.-j-Symmetries and conservation laws PACS 04.20.-q-Classical general Relativity
2108.05006
Chi-Yong Lin
Tien Hsieh, Da-Shin Lee, and Chi-Yong Lin
Gravitational time delay effects by Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes in strong field limits
33 pages, 5 figures. Revised version to appear in Physical Review D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.09008
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.104013
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study the time delay between two relativistic images due to strong gravitational lensing of the light rays caused by the Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes. The trajectories of the light rays are restricted on the equatorial plane. Using the known form of the deflection angle in the strong deflection limit (SDL) allows us to analytically develop the formalism for the travel time of the light from the distant source winding around the black hole several times and reaching the observer. We find that the black hole with higher mass or with spin of the extreme black hole potentially have higher time delay. The effect of the charge of the black hole enhances the time delay between the images lying on the opposite side of the optical axis resulting from the light rays when one light ray is in the direct orbit and the other is in the retrograde orbit. In contrary, when both light rays travel along either direct or retrograde orbits giving the images on the same side of the optical axis, the charge effect reduces the time delay between them. We then examine the time delay observations due to the galactic and supermassive black holes respectively
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Aug 2021 03:21:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 26 Sep 2021 01:44:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-11-17
[ [ "Hsieh", "Tien", "" ], [ "Lee", "Da-Shin", "" ], [ "Lin", "Chi-Yong", "" ] ]
We study the time delay between two relativistic images due to strong gravitational lensing of the light rays caused by the Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes. The trajectories of the light rays are restricted on the equatorial plane. Using the known form of the deflection angle in the strong deflection limit (SDL) allows us to analytically develop the formalism for the travel time of the light from the distant source winding around the black hole several times and reaching the observer. We find that the black hole with higher mass or with spin of the extreme black hole potentially have higher time delay. The effect of the charge of the black hole enhances the time delay between the images lying on the opposite side of the optical axis resulting from the light rays when one light ray is in the direct orbit and the other is in the retrograde orbit. In contrary, when both light rays travel along either direct or retrograde orbits giving the images on the same side of the optical axis, the charge effect reduces the time delay between them. We then examine the time delay observations due to the galactic and supermassive black holes respectively
1604.06668
Molin Liu
Molin Liu, Zonghua Zhao, Xiaohe You, Jianbo Lu, Lixin Xu
Test of the Weak Equivalence Principle using LIGO observations of GW150914 and Fermi observations of GBM transient 150914
9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Physics Letters B 770 (2017) 8-15
10.1016/j.physletb.2017.04.033
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
About 0.4s after the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detected a transient gravitational-wave (GW) signal GW150914, the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) also found a weak electromagnetic transient (GBM transient 150914). Time and location coincidences favor a possible association between GW150904 and GBM transient 150914. Under this possible association, we adopt Fermi's electromagnetic (EM) localization and derive constraints on possible violations of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) from the observations of two events. Our calculations are based on four comparisons: (1)The first is the comparison of the initial GWs detected at the two LIGO sites. From the different polarizations of these initial GWs, we obtain a limit on any difference in the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter $\Delta\gamma\lesssim 10^{-10}$. (2) The second is a comparison of GWs and possible EM waves. Using a traditional super-Eddington accretion model for GBM transient 150914, we again obtain an upper limit $\Delta\gamma\lesssim 10^{-10}$. Compared with previous results for photons and neutrinos, our limits are five orders of magnitude stronger than those from PeV neutrinos in blazar flares, and seven orders stronger than those from MeV neutrinos in SN1987A. (3) The third is a comparison of GWs with different frequencies in the range [35 Hz, 250 Hz]. (4) The fourth is a comparison of EM waves with different energies in the range [1 keV, 10 MeV]. These last two comparisons lead to an even stronger limit, $\Delta\gamma\lesssim 10^{-8}$. Our results highlight the potential of multi-messenger signals exploiting different emission channels to strengthen existing tests of the WEP.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Apr 2016 14:08:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Apr 2016 06:16:08 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Apr 2017 10:27:24 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-04-25
[ [ "Liu", "Molin", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Zonghua", "" ], [ "You", "Xiaohe", "" ], [ "Lu", "Jianbo", "" ], [ "Xu", "Lixin", "" ] ]
About 0.4s after the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detected a transient gravitational-wave (GW) signal GW150914, the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) also found a weak electromagnetic transient (GBM transient 150914). Time and location coincidences favor a possible association between GW150904 and GBM transient 150914. Under this possible association, we adopt Fermi's electromagnetic (EM) localization and derive constraints on possible violations of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) from the observations of two events. Our calculations are based on four comparisons: (1)The first is the comparison of the initial GWs detected at the two LIGO sites. From the different polarizations of these initial GWs, we obtain a limit on any difference in the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter $\Delta\gamma\lesssim 10^{-10}$. (2) The second is a comparison of GWs and possible EM waves. Using a traditional super-Eddington accretion model for GBM transient 150914, we again obtain an upper limit $\Delta\gamma\lesssim 10^{-10}$. Compared with previous results for photons and neutrinos, our limits are five orders of magnitude stronger than those from PeV neutrinos in blazar flares, and seven orders stronger than those from MeV neutrinos in SN1987A. (3) The third is a comparison of GWs with different frequencies in the range [35 Hz, 250 Hz]. (4) The fourth is a comparison of EM waves with different energies in the range [1 keV, 10 MeV]. These last two comparisons lead to an even stronger limit, $\Delta\gamma\lesssim 10^{-8}$. Our results highlight the potential of multi-messenger signals exploiting different emission channels to strengthen existing tests of the WEP.
1009.3292
Valerio Ferroni
Valerio Ferroni and Alexander Silbergleit
Electrostatic Patch Effect in Cylindrical Geometry. I. Potential and Energy between Slightly Non-Coaxial Cylinders
26 pages, 1 Figure. Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav.28:145001,2011
10.1088/0264-9381/28/14/145001
null
gr-qc physics.class-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the effect of any uneven voltage distribution on two close cylindrical conductors with parallel axes that are slightly shifted in the radial and by any length in the axial direction. The investigation is especially motivated by certain precision measurements, such as the Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle (STEP). By energy conservation, the force can be found as the energy gradient in the vector of the shift, which requires determining potential distribution and energy in the gap. The boundary value problem for the potential is solved, and energy is thus found to the second order in the small transverse shift, and to lowest order in the gap to cylinder radius ratio. The energy consists of three parts: the usual capacitor part due to the uniform potential difference, the one coming from the interaction between the voltage patches and the uniform voltage difference, and the energy of patch interaction, entirely independent of the uniform voltage. Patch effect forces and torques in the cylindrical configuration are derived and analyzed in the next two parts of this work.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Sep 2010 22:00:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-06-07
[ [ "Ferroni", "Valerio", "" ], [ "Silbergleit", "Alexander", "" ] ]
We study the effect of any uneven voltage distribution on two close cylindrical conductors with parallel axes that are slightly shifted in the radial and by any length in the axial direction. The investigation is especially motivated by certain precision measurements, such as the Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle (STEP). By energy conservation, the force can be found as the energy gradient in the vector of the shift, which requires determining potential distribution and energy in the gap. The boundary value problem for the potential is solved, and energy is thus found to the second order in the small transverse shift, and to lowest order in the gap to cylinder radius ratio. The energy consists of three parts: the usual capacitor part due to the uniform potential difference, the one coming from the interaction between the voltage patches and the uniform voltage difference, and the energy of patch interaction, entirely independent of the uniform voltage. Patch effect forces and torques in the cylindrical configuration are derived and analyzed in the next two parts of this work.
2003.04303
Daniel Sobral Blanco
Daniel Sobral-Blanco and Lucas Lombriser
A local self-tuning mechanism for the cosmological constant
14 pages
Phys. Rev. D 102, 043506 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.043506
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently the global variation of the Planck mass in the General Relativistic Einstein-Hilbert action was proposed as a self-tuning mechanism of the cosmological constant preventing vacuum energy from freely gravitating. We show that this global mechanism emerges for generic local scalar-tensor theories with additional coupling of the scalar field to the field strength of a three-form gauge field that turns the scalar field constant on the domain of the action. Evaluation of the resulting integral constraint equation over the observable Universe yields a self-consistent framework with General Relativistic field equations and arbitrary radiatively stable residual cosmological constant. We argue that the expectation value for this residual is in good agreement with the magnitude of the observed cosmic acceleration.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Mar 2020 17:59:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-08-12
[ [ "Sobral-Blanco", "Daniel", "" ], [ "Lombriser", "Lucas", "" ] ]
Recently the global variation of the Planck mass in the General Relativistic Einstein-Hilbert action was proposed as a self-tuning mechanism of the cosmological constant preventing vacuum energy from freely gravitating. We show that this global mechanism emerges for generic local scalar-tensor theories with additional coupling of the scalar field to the field strength of a three-form gauge field that turns the scalar field constant on the domain of the action. Evaluation of the resulting integral constraint equation over the observable Universe yields a self-consistent framework with General Relativistic field equations and arbitrary radiatively stable residual cosmological constant. We argue that the expectation value for this residual is in good agreement with the magnitude of the observed cosmic acceleration.
2308.03084
Sarath Nelleri
Naseeba.K.M, Sarath Nelleri, Navaneeth Poonthottathil
Testing the dynamical stability and validity of generalized second law within the phantom dynamical dark energy model
18 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Hubble constant($H_0$) tension and tension in the matter fluctuation amplitude ($s_8$) are fascinating puzzles in cosmology nowadays. Phantom dynamical dark energy model (PDDE), also known as little sibling of the big rip is an abrupt event that can happen in the far future evolution of the universe. Recent analysis of PDDE model based on CMBR data shows that the model is a potential candidate to alleviate these tension problems. In this work, we study the background evolution of the universe within the PDDE model. Analysis based on the SNIa+BAO+OHD data shows that the model is successful in explaining the late phase acceleration of the universe. Also, the values of the cosmological parameters predicted by PDDE model are consistent with the values predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM model. However, most of the phanton dark energy models doesn't give stable solution in the asymptotic future. In this regard, we address the dynamical stability of the PDDE model and also test the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics. We show that the model is dynamically unstable and violates the GSL. The model doesn't satisfy the convexity condition and hence the universe doesn't behave like an ordinary macroscopic system within the PDDE model.
[ { "created": "Sun, 6 Aug 2023 10:37:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-08
[ [ "M", "Naseeba. K.", "" ], [ "Nelleri", "Sarath", "" ], [ "Poonthottathil", "Navaneeth", "" ] ]
Hubble constant($H_0$) tension and tension in the matter fluctuation amplitude ($s_8$) are fascinating puzzles in cosmology nowadays. Phantom dynamical dark energy model (PDDE), also known as little sibling of the big rip is an abrupt event that can happen in the far future evolution of the universe. Recent analysis of PDDE model based on CMBR data shows that the model is a potential candidate to alleviate these tension problems. In this work, we study the background evolution of the universe within the PDDE model. Analysis based on the SNIa+BAO+OHD data shows that the model is successful in explaining the late phase acceleration of the universe. Also, the values of the cosmological parameters predicted by PDDE model are consistent with the values predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM model. However, most of the phanton dark energy models doesn't give stable solution in the asymptotic future. In this regard, we address the dynamical stability of the PDDE model and also test the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics. We show that the model is dynamically unstable and violates the GSL. The model doesn't satisfy the convexity condition and hence the universe doesn't behave like an ordinary macroscopic system within the PDDE model.
1610.03281
G\'abor Zsolt T\'oth
Gabor Zsolt Toth
Noether's theorems and conserved currents in gauge theories in the presence of fixed fields
28 pages, LaTeX, minor changes, journal reference added
Phys. Rev. D 96, 025018 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.025018
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend the standard construction of conserved currents for matter fields in general relativity to general gauge theories. In the original construction the conserved current associated with a spacetime symmetry generated by a Killing field $h^\mu$ is given by $\sqrt{-g}\,T^{\mu\nu}h_\nu$, where $T^{\mu\nu}$ is the energy-momentum tensor of the matter. We show that if in a Lagrangian field theory that has gauge symmetry in the general Noetherian sense some of the elementary fields are fixed and are invariant under a particular infinitesimal gauge transformation, then there is a current $\mathcal{B}^\mu$ that is analogous to $\sqrt{-g}\,T^{\mu\nu}h_\nu$ and is conserved if the non-fixed fields satisfy their Euler-Lagrange equations. The conservation of $\mathcal{B}^\mu$ can be seen as a consequence of an identity that is a generalization of $\nabla_\mu T^{\mu\nu}=0$ and is a consequence of the gauge symmetry of the Lagrangian. This identity holds in any configuration of the fixed fields if the non-fixed fields satisfy their Euler-Lagrange equations. We also show that $\mathcal{B}^\mu$ differs from the relevant canonical Noether current by the sum of an identically conserved current and a term that vanishes if the non-fixed fields are on-shell. As example we discuss the case of general, possibly fermionic, matter fields propagating in fixed gravitational and Yang-Mills background. We find that in this case the generalization of $\nabla_\mu T^{\mu\nu}=0$ is the Lorentz law $\nabla_\mu T^{\mu\nu} - F^{a\nu\lambda}\mathcal{J}_{a\lambda} = 0$, which holds as a consequence of the diffeomorphism, local Lorentz and Yang-Mills gauge symmetry of the matter Lagrangian. As a second simple example we consider the case of general fields propagating in a background that consists of a gravitational and a real scalar field.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Oct 2016 11:37:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Oct 2016 08:37:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 27 Oct 2016 16:35:19 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Mar 2017 16:20:54 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Sun, 18 Jun 2017 19:47:14 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Jul 2017 09:41:53 GMT", "version": "v6" } ]
2018-02-12
[ [ "Toth", "Gabor Zsolt", "" ] ]
We extend the standard construction of conserved currents for matter fields in general relativity to general gauge theories. In the original construction the conserved current associated with a spacetime symmetry generated by a Killing field $h^\mu$ is given by $\sqrt{-g}\,T^{\mu\nu}h_\nu$, where $T^{\mu\nu}$ is the energy-momentum tensor of the matter. We show that if in a Lagrangian field theory that has gauge symmetry in the general Noetherian sense some of the elementary fields are fixed and are invariant under a particular infinitesimal gauge transformation, then there is a current $\mathcal{B}^\mu$ that is analogous to $\sqrt{-g}\,T^{\mu\nu}h_\nu$ and is conserved if the non-fixed fields satisfy their Euler-Lagrange equations. The conservation of $\mathcal{B}^\mu$ can be seen as a consequence of an identity that is a generalization of $\nabla_\mu T^{\mu\nu}=0$ and is a consequence of the gauge symmetry of the Lagrangian. This identity holds in any configuration of the fixed fields if the non-fixed fields satisfy their Euler-Lagrange equations. We also show that $\mathcal{B}^\mu$ differs from the relevant canonical Noether current by the sum of an identically conserved current and a term that vanishes if the non-fixed fields are on-shell. As example we discuss the case of general, possibly fermionic, matter fields propagating in fixed gravitational and Yang-Mills background. We find that in this case the generalization of $\nabla_\mu T^{\mu\nu}=0$ is the Lorentz law $\nabla_\mu T^{\mu\nu} - F^{a\nu\lambda}\mathcal{J}_{a\lambda} = 0$, which holds as a consequence of the diffeomorphism, local Lorentz and Yang-Mills gauge symmetry of the matter Lagrangian. As a second simple example we consider the case of general fields propagating in a background that consists of a gravitational and a real scalar field.
1606.04361
Jose Beltran Jimenez
Jose Beltran Jimenez
Cosmology with vector distortion
4 pages, Contribution to the proceedings of the Cosmology session of Moriond 2016
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider an extension of Weyl geometry with the most general connection linearly determined by a vector field. We discuss some of the geometrical properties within this framework and then we construct gravitational theories leading to an interesting class of vector-tensor theories with cosmological applications.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 Jun 2016 09:00:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-06-15
[ [ "Jimenez", "Jose Beltran", "" ] ]
We consider an extension of Weyl geometry with the most general connection linearly determined by a vector field. We discuss some of the geometrical properties within this framework and then we construct gravitational theories leading to an interesting class of vector-tensor theories with cosmological applications.
1704.04426
Cosimo Bambi
Hao Zhang, Menglei Zhou, Cosimo Bambi, Burkhard Kleihaus, Jutta Kunz, Eugen Radu
Testing Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from the reflection spectrum of accreting black holes
10 pages, 6 figures. v2: fixed some typos
Phys. Rev. D 95, 104043 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.104043
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is a theoretically well-motivated alternative theory of gravity emerging as a low-energy 4-dimensional model from heterotic string theory. Its rotating black hole solutions are known numerically and can have macroscopic deviations from the Kerr black holes of Einstein's gravity. Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity can thus be tested with observations of astrophysical black holes. In the present paper, we simulate observations of the reflection spectrum of thin accretion disks with present and future X-ray facilities to understand whether X-ray reflection spectroscopy can distinguish the black holes in Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from those in Einstein's gravity. We find that this is definitively out of reach for present X-ray missions, but it may be achieved with the next generation of facilities.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Apr 2017 14:10:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 May 2017 19:40:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-06-01
[ [ "Zhang", "Hao", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Menglei", "" ], [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ], [ "Kleihaus", "Burkhard", "" ], [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ] ]
Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is a theoretically well-motivated alternative theory of gravity emerging as a low-energy 4-dimensional model from heterotic string theory. Its rotating black hole solutions are known numerically and can have macroscopic deviations from the Kerr black holes of Einstein's gravity. Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity can thus be tested with observations of astrophysical black holes. In the present paper, we simulate observations of the reflection spectrum of thin accretion disks with present and future X-ray facilities to understand whether X-ray reflection spectroscopy can distinguish the black holes in Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from those in Einstein's gravity. We find that this is definitively out of reach for present X-ray missions, but it may be achieved with the next generation of facilities.
2109.01075
Ren Tsuda
Ren Tsuda and Takanori Fujiwara
Higher Dimensional Polytopal Universe in Regge Calculus
29 pages, 12 figures
Prog Theor Exp Phys (2022)
10.1093/ptep/ptac009
null
gr-qc hep-lat hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Higher dimensional closed Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe with positive cosmological constant is investigated by Regge calculus. A Cauchy surface of discretized FLRW universe is replaced by a regular polytope in accordance with the Collins-Williams (CW) formalism. Polytopes in an arbitrary dimensions can be systematically dealt with by a set of five integers integrating the Schl\"afli symbol of the polytope. Regge action in continuum time limit is given. It possesses reparameterization invariance of the time variable. Variational principle for edge lengths and struts yields Hamiltonian constraint and evolution equation. They describe oscillating universe in dimensions larger than three. To go beyond the approximation by regular polytopes, we propose pseudo-regular polytopes with fractional Schl\"afli symbols as a substitute for geodesic domes in higher dimensions. We examine the pseudo-regular polytope model as an effective theory of Regge calculus for the geodesic domes. In the infinite frequency limit, the pseudo-regular polytope model reduces to the continuum FLRW universe.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Sep 2021 16:42:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-03-09
[ [ "Tsuda", "Ren", "" ], [ "Fujiwara", "Takanori", "" ] ]
Higher dimensional closed Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe with positive cosmological constant is investigated by Regge calculus. A Cauchy surface of discretized FLRW universe is replaced by a regular polytope in accordance with the Collins-Williams (CW) formalism. Polytopes in an arbitrary dimensions can be systematically dealt with by a set of five integers integrating the Schl\"afli symbol of the polytope. Regge action in continuum time limit is given. It possesses reparameterization invariance of the time variable. Variational principle for edge lengths and struts yields Hamiltonian constraint and evolution equation. They describe oscillating universe in dimensions larger than three. To go beyond the approximation by regular polytopes, we propose pseudo-regular polytopes with fractional Schl\"afli symbols as a substitute for geodesic domes in higher dimensions. We examine the pseudo-regular polytope model as an effective theory of Regge calculus for the geodesic domes. In the infinite frequency limit, the pseudo-regular polytope model reduces to the continuum FLRW universe.
1602.03880
Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada
Miguel Aparicio Resco, Alvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz, Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada and Victor Zapatero Castrillo
On neutron stars in f(R) theories: small radii, large masses and large energy emitted in a merger
19 pages, 23 plots. Irrelevant paragraph deleted
Phys.Dark Univ. 13 (2016) 147-161
10.1016/j.dark.2016.07.001
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO nucl-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the context of f(R) gravity theories, we show that the apparent mass of a neutron star as seen from an observer at infinity is numerically calculable but requires careful matching, first at the star's edge, between interior and exterior solutions, none of them being totally Schwarzschild-like but presenting instead small oscillations of the curvature scalar R; and second at large radii, where the Newtonian potential is used to identify the mass of the neutron star. We find that for the same equation of state, this mass definition is always larger than its general relativistic counterpart. We exemplify this with quadratic $R^2$ and Hu-Sawicki-like modifications of the standard General Relativity action. Therefore, the finding of two-solar mass neutron stars basically imposes no constraint on stable f(R) theories. However, star radii are in general smaller than in General Relativity, which can give an observational handle on such classes of models at the astrophysical level. Both larger masses and smaller matter radii are due to much of the apparent effective energy residing in the outer metric for scalar-tensor theories. Finally, because the f(R) neutron star masses can be much larger than General Relativity counterparts, the total energy available for radiating gravitational waves could be of order several solar masses, and thus a merger of these stars constitutes an interesting wave source.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Feb 2016 20:51:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Feb 2016 17:12:45 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Jul 2016 15:36:27 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 13 Sep 2016 08:06:55 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2016-09-14
[ [ "Resco", "Miguel Aparicio", "" ], [ "de la Cruz-Dombriz", "Alvaro", "" ], [ "Llanes-Estrada", "Felipe J.", "" ], [ "Castrillo", "Victor Zapatero", "" ] ]
In the context of f(R) gravity theories, we show that the apparent mass of a neutron star as seen from an observer at infinity is numerically calculable but requires careful matching, first at the star's edge, between interior and exterior solutions, none of them being totally Schwarzschild-like but presenting instead small oscillations of the curvature scalar R; and second at large radii, where the Newtonian potential is used to identify the mass of the neutron star. We find that for the same equation of state, this mass definition is always larger than its general relativistic counterpart. We exemplify this with quadratic $R^2$ and Hu-Sawicki-like modifications of the standard General Relativity action. Therefore, the finding of two-solar mass neutron stars basically imposes no constraint on stable f(R) theories. However, star radii are in general smaller than in General Relativity, which can give an observational handle on such classes of models at the astrophysical level. Both larger masses and smaller matter radii are due to much of the apparent effective energy residing in the outer metric for scalar-tensor theories. Finally, because the f(R) neutron star masses can be much larger than General Relativity counterparts, the total energy available for radiating gravitational waves could be of order several solar masses, and thus a merger of these stars constitutes an interesting wave source.
1509.05174
Ozay Gurtug
O. Gurtug and M. Halilsoy
Wavy way to the Kerr metric and the quantum nature of its ring singularity
18 pages, 2 figures, Title has been changed and explanations have been improved
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
From inherent non-linearity two gravitational waves, unless they are unidirectional, fail to satisfy a superposition law. They collide to develop a new spacetime carrying the imprints of the incoming waves. Same behaviour is valid also for any massless lightlike field. As a result of the violent collision process either a naked singularity or a Cauchy horizon (CH) develops. It was shown by Chandrasekhar and Xanthopoulos (CX) that a particular class of colliding gravitational waves (CGW) spacetime is locally isometric to the Kerr metric for rotating black holes. This relation came to be known as the CX duality. Such a duality can be exploited as an alternative derivation for the Kerr metric as we do herein. Not each case gives rise to a CH but those which do are transient to a black hole state provided stability requirements are met. These classical considerations can be borrowed to shed light on black hole formation in high energy collisions. Their questionable stability and many other sophisticated agenda, we admit that await for a full - fledged quantum gravity. Yet, to add an element of novelty, a quantum probe is sent in the plane $\theta =\pi /2$ to the naked ring singularity of Kerr which develops for the overspinning case $(a>M)$ to test it from a quantum picture. We show that the spatial operator of the reduced Klein-Gordon equation has a unique self-adjoint extension. As a result, the classical Kerr`s ring singularity is healed and becomes quantum regular. Our poetic message of the paper is summarized as Let there be light that collide with might to disperse the night and create holes that are white
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Sep 2015 09:09:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Mar 2016 09:50:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-03-17
[ [ "Gurtug", "O.", "" ], [ "Halilsoy", "M.", "" ] ]
From inherent non-linearity two gravitational waves, unless they are unidirectional, fail to satisfy a superposition law. They collide to develop a new spacetime carrying the imprints of the incoming waves. Same behaviour is valid also for any massless lightlike field. As a result of the violent collision process either a naked singularity or a Cauchy horizon (CH) develops. It was shown by Chandrasekhar and Xanthopoulos (CX) that a particular class of colliding gravitational waves (CGW) spacetime is locally isometric to the Kerr metric for rotating black holes. This relation came to be known as the CX duality. Such a duality can be exploited as an alternative derivation for the Kerr metric as we do herein. Not each case gives rise to a CH but those which do are transient to a black hole state provided stability requirements are met. These classical considerations can be borrowed to shed light on black hole formation in high energy collisions. Their questionable stability and many other sophisticated agenda, we admit that await for a full - fledged quantum gravity. Yet, to add an element of novelty, a quantum probe is sent in the plane $\theta =\pi /2$ to the naked ring singularity of Kerr which develops for the overspinning case $(a>M)$ to test it from a quantum picture. We show that the spatial operator of the reduced Klein-Gordon equation has a unique self-adjoint extension. As a result, the classical Kerr`s ring singularity is healed and becomes quantum regular. Our poetic message of the paper is summarized as Let there be light that collide with might to disperse the night and create holes that are white
gr-qc/0105088
Mikhail Sheftel B.
Y. Nutku (deceased) and M. B. Sheftel
A family of heavenly metrics
minor changes, correction to formula (29), 16 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP nlin.SI
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This is a corrected and essentially extended version of the previous preprint arXiv:gr-qc/0105088 v4 (2002) by Y. Nutku and M. Sheftel containing new results. It is being published now in honor of Y. Nutku's memory. All responsibility for the additions and changes must be attributed to M. Sheftel. We present new anti-self-dual exact solutions of the Einstein field equations with Euclidean and neutral (ultra-hyperbolic) signatures that admit only one rotational Killing vector. Such solutions of the Einstein field equations are determined by non-invariant solutions of Boyer-Finley ($BF$) equation. For the case of Euclidean signature such a solution of the $BF$ equation was first constructed by Calderbank and Tod. Two years later, Martina, Sheftel and Winternitz applied the method of group foliation to the Boyer-Finley equation and reproduced the Calderbank-Tod solution together with new solutions for the neutral signature. In the case of Euclidean signature we obtain new metrics which asymptotically locally look like a flat space and have a non-removable singular point at the origin. In the case of ultra-hyperbolic signature there exist three inequivalent forms of metric. Only one of these can be obtained by analytic continuation from the Calderbank-Tod solution whereas the other two are new.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 May 2001 14:35:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Jun 2001 12:13:29 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Oct 2002 13:42:41 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Oct 2002 11:03:03 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Jun 2013 09:24:57 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Jun 2013 18:15:23 GMT", "version": "v6" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Oct 2013 17:21:14 GMT", "version": "v7" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 Dec 2013 10:04:38 GMT", "version": "v8" } ]
2013-12-11
[ [ "Nutku", "Y.", "", "deceased" ], [ "Sheftel", "M. B.", "" ] ]
This is a corrected and essentially extended version of the previous preprint arXiv:gr-qc/0105088 v4 (2002) by Y. Nutku and M. Sheftel containing new results. It is being published now in honor of Y. Nutku's memory. All responsibility for the additions and changes must be attributed to M. Sheftel. We present new anti-self-dual exact solutions of the Einstein field equations with Euclidean and neutral (ultra-hyperbolic) signatures that admit only one rotational Killing vector. Such solutions of the Einstein field equations are determined by non-invariant solutions of Boyer-Finley ($BF$) equation. For the case of Euclidean signature such a solution of the $BF$ equation was first constructed by Calderbank and Tod. Two years later, Martina, Sheftel and Winternitz applied the method of group foliation to the Boyer-Finley equation and reproduced the Calderbank-Tod solution together with new solutions for the neutral signature. In the case of Euclidean signature we obtain new metrics which asymptotically locally look like a flat space and have a non-removable singular point at the origin. In the case of ultra-hyperbolic signature there exist three inequivalent forms of metric. Only one of these can be obtained by analytic continuation from the Calderbank-Tod solution whereas the other two are new.
1712.09353
Seokcheon Lee
Young-Hwan Hyun, Yoonbai Kim, and Seokcheon Lee
Conformal Frame dependence on Cosmological Observations in Scalar-Tensor Theories of Gravity
14 pages, 5 figures
J. Korean Phys. Soc. (2019) 74 : 1101
10.3938/jkps.74.1101
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmological observations provide more accurate values both for background evolution of the Universe and for the structure formation. These values are given by the so-called dark energy equation of state, $\omega$ and the growth index parameter, $\gamma$. From these observed parameters, one can reconstruct the model functions in scalar tensor gravity theories. However, there is a long standing debate about the (in)equality between conformally transformed frames in scalar tensor gravity models. We show that cosmological observables are frame dependent when they are described by frame independent parameter, redshift. Thus, if the cosmological observables are interpreted in one frame, then all of the observables should also be interpreted in that frame. This explicitly shows the conformal inequality of cosmological observables. Also, our method provides the model independent analysis for STG models about various observables in both frames.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Dec 2017 07:36:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-07-01
[ [ "Hyun", "Young-Hwan", "" ], [ "Kim", "Yoonbai", "" ], [ "Lee", "Seokcheon", "" ] ]
Cosmological observations provide more accurate values both for background evolution of the Universe and for the structure formation. These values are given by the so-called dark energy equation of state, $\omega$ and the growth index parameter, $\gamma$. From these observed parameters, one can reconstruct the model functions in scalar tensor gravity theories. However, there is a long standing debate about the (in)equality between conformally transformed frames in scalar tensor gravity models. We show that cosmological observables are frame dependent when they are described by frame independent parameter, redshift. Thus, if the cosmological observables are interpreted in one frame, then all of the observables should also be interpreted in that frame. This explicitly shows the conformal inequality of cosmological observables. Also, our method provides the model independent analysis for STG models about various observables in both frames.
2403.00883
Rahul Mapari Dr.
V. R. Patil, J. L. Pawde, R. V. Mapari, and S. K. Waghmare
Energy Conditions in f(R, T) Gravity with an Anisotropic Background
19 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In our study, we explored the properties of a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type V I0 Universe. Our investigation centered on integrating cosmic domain walls into the f(R, T) theory of gravitation, initially proposed by Harko et al. in 2011. To tackle the field equations, we employed the relationship between the expansion scalar ({\theta}) and the shear scalar ({\sigma}). Our analysis encompassed both the dynamic and cosmological aspects of the Universe. By comparing our findings to the {\Lambda}CDM model, specifically focusing on the evolution of the jerk parameter, we found a striking agreement between the two models. A noteworthy discovery was the verification of accelerated expansion in our described model, consistent with the prevailing observational data. Finally, we examine the energy condition criteria and determine that the violation of the Strong Energy Condition (SEC), while the Null Energy Condition (NEC), Weak Energy Condition (WEC) and Dominant Energy Condition (DEC) continue to meet the requirements for positivity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Mar 2024 09:37:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-05
[ [ "Patil", "V. R.", "" ], [ "Pawde", "J. L.", "" ], [ "Mapari", "R. V.", "" ], [ "Waghmare", "S. K.", "" ] ]
In our study, we explored the properties of a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type V I0 Universe. Our investigation centered on integrating cosmic domain walls into the f(R, T) theory of gravitation, initially proposed by Harko et al. in 2011. To tackle the field equations, we employed the relationship between the expansion scalar ({\theta}) and the shear scalar ({\sigma}). Our analysis encompassed both the dynamic and cosmological aspects of the Universe. By comparing our findings to the {\Lambda}CDM model, specifically focusing on the evolution of the jerk parameter, we found a striking agreement between the two models. A noteworthy discovery was the verification of accelerated expansion in our described model, consistent with the prevailing observational data. Finally, we examine the energy condition criteria and determine that the violation of the Strong Energy Condition (SEC), while the Null Energy Condition (NEC), Weak Energy Condition (WEC) and Dominant Energy Condition (DEC) continue to meet the requirements for positivity.
0806.2966
Jiri Podolsky
Jiri Podolsky
Photon rockets in (anti-)de Sitter universe
8 pages. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D78:044029,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.044029
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A class of exact solutions of Einstein's equations is presented which describes accelerating photon rockets in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter universe. These are particular members of the Robinson-Trautman family of axially symmetric spacetimes with pure radiation. In particular, generalizations of (type D) Kinnersley's rockets and (type II) Bonnor's rockets to the case of a non-vanishing cosmological constant are given. Some of the main physical properties of these solutions are investigated, and their relation to the C-metric solution which describes uniformly accelerated black holes is also given.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Jun 2008 11:22:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Podolsky", "Jiri", "" ] ]
A class of exact solutions of Einstein's equations is presented which describes accelerating photon rockets in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter universe. These are particular members of the Robinson-Trautman family of axially symmetric spacetimes with pure radiation. In particular, generalizations of (type D) Kinnersley's rockets and (type II) Bonnor's rockets to the case of a non-vanishing cosmological constant are given. Some of the main physical properties of these solutions are investigated, and their relation to the C-metric solution which describes uniformly accelerated black holes is also given.
2310.08667
Andrea Calcinari
Andrea Calcinari and Steffen Gielen
Generalised Gaussian states in group field theory and $\mathfrak{su(1,1)}$ quantum cosmology
27 pages, 3 figures; v2: title, abstract and other minor changes to match published version
Phys. Rev. D 109 (2024), 066022
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.066022
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We define generalised Gaussian states for quantum cosmological models based on the $\mathfrak{su(1,1)}$ algebra, with particular emphasis on its realisation in group field theory for a single field mode, and study their semiclassical properties. These states are generalisations of coherent, squeezed and thermal states considered previously. As two possible characterisations of semiclassicality, we contrast the requirement of small relative fluctuations in volume and energy with the saturation of the Robertson--Schr\"odinger uncertainty principle. We find that for the most general class of states the appearance of small relative fluctuations, which we take as the main criterion relevant for the emergence of cosmology, is mostly determined by the amount of displacement used to define the state. We also observe that defining such generalised Gaussian states is less straightforward in the algebraic approach to canonical quantisation of group field theory, and discuss special cases.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Oct 2023 18:59:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Mar 2024 12:30:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-03-26
[ [ "Calcinari", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Gielen", "Steffen", "" ] ]
We define generalised Gaussian states for quantum cosmological models based on the $\mathfrak{su(1,1)}$ algebra, with particular emphasis on its realisation in group field theory for a single field mode, and study their semiclassical properties. These states are generalisations of coherent, squeezed and thermal states considered previously. As two possible characterisations of semiclassicality, we contrast the requirement of small relative fluctuations in volume and energy with the saturation of the Robertson--Schr\"odinger uncertainty principle. We find that for the most general class of states the appearance of small relative fluctuations, which we take as the main criterion relevant for the emergence of cosmology, is mostly determined by the amount of displacement used to define the state. We also observe that defining such generalised Gaussian states is less straightforward in the algebraic approach to canonical quantisation of group field theory, and discuss special cases.
2204.02244
Michael Bradley
Philip Semr\'en, Michael Bradley
General Perturbations of Homogeneous and Orthogonal Locally Rotationally Symmetric Class II Cosmologies with Applications to Dissipative Fluids
27 pages, 1 figure
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac9bc7
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
First order perturbations of homogeneous and hypersurface orthogonal LRS (Locally Rotationally Symmetric) class II cosmologies with a cosmological constant are considered in the framework of the 1+1+2 covariant decomposition of spacetime. The perturbations, which are for a general energy-momentum tensor, include scalar, vector and tensor modes and extend some previous works where matter was assumed to be a perfect fluid. Through a harmonic decomposition, the system of equations is then transformed to evolution equations in time and algebraic constraints. This result is then applied to dissipative one-component fluids, and on using the simplified acausal Eckart theory the system is reduced to two closed subsystems governed by four and eight harmonic coefficients for the odd and even sectors respectively. The system is also seen to close in a simplified causal theory. It is then demonstrated, within the Eckart theory, how vorticity can be generated from viscosity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Apr 2022 14:32:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Apr 2022 14:55:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-11-23
[ [ "Semrén", "Philip", "" ], [ "Bradley", "Michael", "" ] ]
First order perturbations of homogeneous and hypersurface orthogonal LRS (Locally Rotationally Symmetric) class II cosmologies with a cosmological constant are considered in the framework of the 1+1+2 covariant decomposition of spacetime. The perturbations, which are for a general energy-momentum tensor, include scalar, vector and tensor modes and extend some previous works where matter was assumed to be a perfect fluid. Through a harmonic decomposition, the system of equations is then transformed to evolution equations in time and algebraic constraints. This result is then applied to dissipative one-component fluids, and on using the simplified acausal Eckart theory the system is reduced to two closed subsystems governed by four and eight harmonic coefficients for the odd and even sectors respectively. The system is also seen to close in a simplified causal theory. It is then demonstrated, within the Eckart theory, how vorticity can be generated from viscosity.
2206.06756
Avijit Chowdhury
Avijit Chowdhury, Semin Xavier and S. Shankaranarayanan (IIT Bombay)
The dominating mode of two competing massive modes of quadratic gravity
To appear in Nature Scientific Reports
Sci Rep 13, 8547 (2023)
10.1038/s41598-023-34802-8
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Over the last two decades, motivations for modified gravity have emerged from both theoretical and observational levels. $f(R)$ and Chern-Simons gravity have received more attention as they are the simplest generalization. However, $f(R)$ and Chern-Simons gravity contain only an additional scalar (spin-0) degree of freedom and, as a result, do not include other modes of modified theories of gravity. In contrast, quadratic gravity (also referred to as Stelle gravity) is the most general second-order modification to 4-D general relativity and contains a massive spin-2 mode that is not present in $f(R)$ and Chern-Simons gravity. Using two different physical settings $-$ the gravitational wave energy-flux measured by the detectors and the backreaction of the emitted gravitational radiation on the spacetime of the remnant black hole $-$ we demonstrate that massive spin-2 mode carries more energy than the spin-0 mode. Our analysis shows that the effects are pronounced for intermediate-mass black holes, which are prime targets for LISA.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Jun 2022 11:08:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Dec 2022 14:54:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 May 2023 17:46:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-05-29
[ [ "Chowdhury", "Avijit", "", "IIT Bombay" ], [ "Xavier", "Semin", "", "IIT Bombay" ], [ "Shankaranarayanan", "S.", "", "IIT Bombay" ] ]
Over the last two decades, motivations for modified gravity have emerged from both theoretical and observational levels. $f(R)$ and Chern-Simons gravity have received more attention as they are the simplest generalization. However, $f(R)$ and Chern-Simons gravity contain only an additional scalar (spin-0) degree of freedom and, as a result, do not include other modes of modified theories of gravity. In contrast, quadratic gravity (also referred to as Stelle gravity) is the most general second-order modification to 4-D general relativity and contains a massive spin-2 mode that is not present in $f(R)$ and Chern-Simons gravity. Using two different physical settings $-$ the gravitational wave energy-flux measured by the detectors and the backreaction of the emitted gravitational radiation on the spacetime of the remnant black hole $-$ we demonstrate that massive spin-2 mode carries more energy than the spin-0 mode. Our analysis shows that the effects are pronounced for intermediate-mass black holes, which are prime targets for LISA.
2309.00319
Vittorio De Falco Dr
Vittorio De Falco, Emmanuele Battista
Analytical results for binary dynamics at the first post-Newtonian order in Einstein-Cartan theory with the Weyssenhoff fluid
13 pages, 2 figures, accepted for pubblication on Phys. Rev. D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.064032
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The quantum spin effects inside matter can be modeled via the Weyssenhoff fluid, which permits to unearth a formal analogy between general relativity and Einstein-Cartan theory at the first post-Newtonian order. In this framework, we provide some analytical formulas pertaining to the dynamics of binary systems having the spins aligned perpendicular to the orbital plane. We derive the expressions of the relative orbit and the coordinate time, which in turn allow to determine the gravitational waveform, and the energy and angular momentum fluxes. The potentialities of our results are presented in two astrophysical applications, where we compute: ($i$) the quantum spin contributions to the energy flux and gravitational waveform during the inspiral phase; ($ii$) the macroscopic angular momentum of one of the bodies starting from the time-averaged energy flux and the knowledge of few timing parameters.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Sep 2023 08:07:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-20
[ [ "De Falco", "Vittorio", "" ], [ "Battista", "Emmanuele", "" ] ]
The quantum spin effects inside matter can be modeled via the Weyssenhoff fluid, which permits to unearth a formal analogy between general relativity and Einstein-Cartan theory at the first post-Newtonian order. In this framework, we provide some analytical formulas pertaining to the dynamics of binary systems having the spins aligned perpendicular to the orbital plane. We derive the expressions of the relative orbit and the coordinate time, which in turn allow to determine the gravitational waveform, and the energy and angular momentum fluxes. The potentialities of our results are presented in two astrophysical applications, where we compute: ($i$) the quantum spin contributions to the energy flux and gravitational waveform during the inspiral phase; ($ii$) the macroscopic angular momentum of one of the bodies starting from the time-averaged energy flux and the knowledge of few timing parameters.
1805.07692
Chiang-Mei Chen
Chiang-Mei Chen, Jian-Liang Liu, James M. Nester
Gravitational energy is well defined
7 pages, Honorable Mention in the 2018 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D27 (2018) 1847017
10.1142/S021827181847017X
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The energy of gravitating systems has been an issue since Einstein proposed general relativity: considered to be ill defined, having no proper local density. Energy-momentum is now regarded as \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed 2-surface). We consider the pseudotensor and quasi-local proposals in the Lagrangian-Noether-Hamiltonian formulations. There are two ambiguities: (i) many expressions, (ii) each depends on some non-dynamical structure, e.g., a reference frame. The Hamiltonian approach gives a handle on both problems. Our remarkable discovery is that with a 4D isometric Minkowski reference a large class of expressions---those that agree with the Einstein pseudotensor's Freud superpotential to linear order---give a common quasi-local energy value. With a best-matched reference on the boundary this value is the non-negative Wang-Yau mass.
[ { "created": "Sun, 20 May 2018 02:22:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-11-15
[ [ "Chen", "Chiang-Mei", "" ], [ "Liu", "Jian-Liang", "" ], [ "Nester", "James M.", "" ] ]
The energy of gravitating systems has been an issue since Einstein proposed general relativity: considered to be ill defined, having no proper local density. Energy-momentum is now regarded as \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed 2-surface). We consider the pseudotensor and quasi-local proposals in the Lagrangian-Noether-Hamiltonian formulations. There are two ambiguities: (i) many expressions, (ii) each depends on some non-dynamical structure, e.g., a reference frame. The Hamiltonian approach gives a handle on both problems. Our remarkable discovery is that with a 4D isometric Minkowski reference a large class of expressions---those that agree with the Einstein pseudotensor's Freud superpotential to linear order---give a common quasi-local energy value. With a best-matched reference on the boundary this value is the non-negative Wang-Yau mass.
gr-qc/0301013
L. C. Garcia de Andrade
L.C. Garcia de Andrade
On non-Riemannian geometry of superfluids
Latex file
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The Gross-Pitaevski (GP) equation describing helium superfluids is extended to non-Riemannian spacetime background where torsion is shown to induce the splitting in the potential energy of the flow. A cylindrically symmetric solution for Minkowski background with constant torsion is obtained which shows that torsion induces a damping on the superfluid flow velocity. The Sagnac phase shift is computed from the superfluid flow velocity obtained from the solution of GP equations.
[ { "created": "Sun, 5 Jan 2003 22:32:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "de Andrade", "L. C. Garcia", "" ] ]
The Gross-Pitaevski (GP) equation describing helium superfluids is extended to non-Riemannian spacetime background where torsion is shown to induce the splitting in the potential energy of the flow. A cylindrically symmetric solution for Minkowski background with constant torsion is obtained which shows that torsion induces a damping on the superfluid flow velocity. The Sagnac phase shift is computed from the superfluid flow velocity obtained from the solution of GP equations.
gr-qc/0203078
Brien C. Nolan
Brien C. Nolan and Filipe C. Mena
Geometry and topology of singularities in spherical dust collapse
12 pages. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav.19:2587-2606,2002
10.1088/0264-9381/19/10/305
null
gr-qc
null
We derive some more results on the nature of the singularities arising in the collapse of inhomogeneous dust spheres. (i) It is shown that there are future-pointing radial and non-radial time-like geodesics emerging from the singularity if and only if there are future-pointing radial null geodesics emerging from the singularity. (ii) Limits of various space-time invariants and other useful quantities (relating to Thorne's point-cigar-barrel-pancake classification and to isotropy/entropy measures) are studied in the approach to the singularity. (iii) The topology of the singularity is studied from the point of view of ideal boundary structure. In each case, the different nature of the visible and censored region of the singularity is emphasized.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Mar 2002 17:22:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "Nolan", "Brien C.", "" ], [ "Mena", "Filipe C.", "" ] ]
We derive some more results on the nature of the singularities arising in the collapse of inhomogeneous dust spheres. (i) It is shown that there are future-pointing radial and non-radial time-like geodesics emerging from the singularity if and only if there are future-pointing radial null geodesics emerging from the singularity. (ii) Limits of various space-time invariants and other useful quantities (relating to Thorne's point-cigar-barrel-pancake classification and to isotropy/entropy measures) are studied in the approach to the singularity. (iii) The topology of the singularity is studied from the point of view of ideal boundary structure. In each case, the different nature of the visible and censored region of the singularity is emphasized.
1404.0663
Xihao Deng
Xihao Deng
Searching for Gravitational Wave Bursts via Bayesian Nonparametric Data Analysis with Pulsar Timing Arrays
30 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physical Review D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1004.3499 by other authors
Physical Review D, 90, 024020, 2014
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.024020
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational wave burst is a catch-all category for signals whose durations are shorter than the observation period. We apply a method new to gravitational wave data analysis --- Bayesian non-parameterics --- to the problem of gravitational wave detection, with an emphasis on pulsar timing array observations. In Bayesian non-parametrics, constraints are set on the function space that may be reasonably thought to characterize the range of gravitational-wave signals. This differs from the approaches currently employed or proposed, which focus on introducing parametric signal models or looking for excess power as evidence of the presence of a gravitational wave signal. Our Bayesian nonparametrics analysis method addresses two issues: (1) investigate if a gravitational wave burst is present in the data; (2) infer the sky location of the source and the duration of the burst. Compared with the popular method proposed by Finn \& Lommen, our method improves in two aspects: (1) we can estimate the burst duration by adding the prior that the gravitational wave signals are smooth, while Finn \& Lommen ignored this important point; (2) we perform a full Bayesian analysis by marginalizing over all possible parameters and provide robust inference on the presence of gravitational waves, while Finn \& Lommen chose to optimize over parameters, which would increase false alarm risk and also underestimate the parameter uncertainties.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Apr 2014 19:41:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 30 May 2014 01:17:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-19
[ [ "Deng", "Xihao", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave burst is a catch-all category for signals whose durations are shorter than the observation period. We apply a method new to gravitational wave data analysis --- Bayesian non-parameterics --- to the problem of gravitational wave detection, with an emphasis on pulsar timing array observations. In Bayesian non-parametrics, constraints are set on the function space that may be reasonably thought to characterize the range of gravitational-wave signals. This differs from the approaches currently employed or proposed, which focus on introducing parametric signal models or looking for excess power as evidence of the presence of a gravitational wave signal. Our Bayesian nonparametrics analysis method addresses two issues: (1) investigate if a gravitational wave burst is present in the data; (2) infer the sky location of the source and the duration of the burst. Compared with the popular method proposed by Finn \& Lommen, our method improves in two aspects: (1) we can estimate the burst duration by adding the prior that the gravitational wave signals are smooth, while Finn \& Lommen ignored this important point; (2) we perform a full Bayesian analysis by marginalizing over all possible parameters and provide robust inference on the presence of gravitational waves, while Finn \& Lommen chose to optimize over parameters, which would increase false alarm risk and also underestimate the parameter uncertainties.
1901.04486
David Garfinkle
David Garfinkle
On "the'' electric field of a uniformly accelerating charge
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The problem of the electric field of a uniformly accelerating charge is a longstanding one that has led to several issues. We resolve these issues using techniques from linguistics, cognitive psychology, and the mathematics of partial differential equations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Jan 2019 18:30:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-01-16
[ [ "Garfinkle", "David", "" ] ]
The problem of the electric field of a uniformly accelerating charge is a longstanding one that has led to several issues. We resolve these issues using techniques from linguistics, cognitive psychology, and the mathematics of partial differential equations.
gr-qc/0501054
Frank L\"offler
Ian Hawke, Frank L\"offler, Andrea Nerozzi
Excision methods for high resolution shock capturing schemes applied to general relativistic hydrodynamics
13 pages, 6 figures
Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 104006
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.104006
AEI-2005-002
gr-qc
null
We present a simple method for applying excision boundary conditions for the relativistic Euler equations. This method depends on the use of Reconstruction-Evolution methods, a standard class of HRSC methods. We test three different reconstruction schemes, namely TVD, PPM and ENO. The method does not require that the coordinate system is adapted to the excision boundary. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method using tests containing discontinuites, static test-fluid solutions with black holes, and full dynamical collapse of a neutron star to a black hole. A modified PPM scheme is introduced because of problems arisen when matching excision with the original PPM reconstruction scheme.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Jan 2005 12:45:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Hawke", "Ian", "" ], [ "Löffler", "Frank", "" ], [ "Nerozzi", "Andrea", "" ] ]
We present a simple method for applying excision boundary conditions for the relativistic Euler equations. This method depends on the use of Reconstruction-Evolution methods, a standard class of HRSC methods. We test three different reconstruction schemes, namely TVD, PPM and ENO. The method does not require that the coordinate system is adapted to the excision boundary. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method using tests containing discontinuites, static test-fluid solutions with black holes, and full dynamical collapse of a neutron star to a black hole. A modified PPM scheme is introduced because of problems arisen when matching excision with the original PPM reconstruction scheme.
0906.5568
Charmousis
C. Charmousis, T. Kolyvaris and E. Papantonopoulos
Charged C-metric with conformally coupled scalar field
regular article, no figures, typos corrected, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav.26:175012,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/17/175012
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a generalisation of the charged C-metric conformally coupled with a scalar field in the presence of a cosmological constant. The solution is asymptotically flat or a constant curvature spacetime. The spacetime metric has the geometry of a usual charged C-metric with cosmological constant, where the mass and charge are equal. When the cosmological constant is absent it is found that the scalar field only blows up at the angular pole of the event horizon. The presence of the cosmological constant can generically render the scalar field regular where the metric is regular, pushing the singularity beyond the event horizon. For certain cases of enhanced acceleration with a negative cosmological constant, the conical singularity disappears all together and the scalar field is everywhere regular. The black hole is then rather a black string with its event horizon extending all the way to asymptotic infinity and providing itself the necessary acceleration.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Jun 2009 19:29:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Aug 2009 19:24:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-09-29
[ [ "Charmousis", "C.", "" ], [ "Kolyvaris", "T.", "" ], [ "Papantonopoulos", "E.", "" ] ]
We present a generalisation of the charged C-metric conformally coupled with a scalar field in the presence of a cosmological constant. The solution is asymptotically flat or a constant curvature spacetime. The spacetime metric has the geometry of a usual charged C-metric with cosmological constant, where the mass and charge are equal. When the cosmological constant is absent it is found that the scalar field only blows up at the angular pole of the event horizon. The presence of the cosmological constant can generically render the scalar field regular where the metric is regular, pushing the singularity beyond the event horizon. For certain cases of enhanced acceleration with a negative cosmological constant, the conical singularity disappears all together and the scalar field is everywhere regular. The black hole is then rather a black string with its event horizon extending all the way to asymptotic infinity and providing itself the necessary acceleration.
1505.03647
Jing-Bo Wang
Jingbo Wang and Chao-Guang Huang
BF theory explanation of the entropy for rotating isolated horizons
8 pages, no figures
Int. J. Mod. Phys.D 25,1650100 (2016)
10.1142/S0218271816501005
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, the isolated horizons with rotation are considered. It is shown that the symplectic form is the same as that in the nonrotating case. As a result, the boundary degrees of freedom can be also described by an SO$(1,1)$ BF theory. The entropy satisfies the Bekenstein-Hawking area law with the same Barbero-Immirzi parameter.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 May 2015 08:25:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Jul 2016 00:36:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-07-06
[ [ "Wang", "Jingbo", "" ], [ "Huang", "Chao-Guang", "" ] ]
In this paper, the isolated horizons with rotation are considered. It is shown that the symplectic form is the same as that in the nonrotating case. As a result, the boundary degrees of freedom can be also described by an SO$(1,1)$ BF theory. The entropy satisfies the Bekenstein-Hawking area law with the same Barbero-Immirzi parameter.
gr-qc/0309068
Takashi Tamaki
Takashi Tamaki (Kyoto University), Nobuyuki Sakai (Yamagata University)
Properties of global monopoles with an event horizon
5 pages, 7 figures
Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 044018
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.044018
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
We investigate the properties of global monopoles with an event horizon. We find that there is an unstable circular orbit even if a particle does not have an angular momentum when the core mass is negative. We also obtain the asymptotic form of solutions when the event horizon is much larger than the core radius of the monopole, and discuss if they could be a model of galactic halos.
[ { "created": "Sun, 14 Sep 2003 05:34:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 18 Sep 2003 05:09:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Tamaki", "Takashi", "", "Kyoto University" ], [ "Sakai", "Nobuyuki", "", "Yamagata\n University" ] ]
We investigate the properties of global monopoles with an event horizon. We find that there is an unstable circular orbit even if a particle does not have an angular momentum when the core mass is negative. We also obtain the asymptotic form of solutions when the event horizon is much larger than the core radius of the monopole, and discuss if they could be a model of galactic halos.
1809.06841
Sohyun Park
Sohyun Park, R. P. Woodard
Do the Spirits Rise?
20 pages, 7 figures, v2: revised for publication
Phys. Rev. D 99, 024014 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.024014
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A nonlocal gravity model based on $\frac1{\square} R$ achieves the phenomenological goals of generating cosmic acceleration without dark energy and of suppressing the growth of perturbations compared to the $\Lambda$CDM model. Although the localized version of this model possesses a scalar ghost, the nonlocal version does not suffer from any obvious problem with ghosts. Here we study the possibility that the scalar ghost mode might be excited through time evolution, even though it is initially absent. We present strong evidence that this does not happen.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Sep 2018 17:43:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Jan 2019 16:14:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-01-16
[ [ "Park", "Sohyun", "" ], [ "Woodard", "R. P.", "" ] ]
A nonlocal gravity model based on $\frac1{\square} R$ achieves the phenomenological goals of generating cosmic acceleration without dark energy and of suppressing the growth of perturbations compared to the $\Lambda$CDM model. Although the localized version of this model possesses a scalar ghost, the nonlocal version does not suffer from any obvious problem with ghosts. Here we study the possibility that the scalar ghost mode might be excited through time evolution, even though it is initially absent. We present strong evidence that this does not happen.
1902.09769
Andreas Finke
Andreas Finke
The perturbed FLRW metric on all scales: Newtonian limit and top-hat collapse
couple of useful clarifications; agrees with published version
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 491, Issue 2, January 2020
10.1093/mnras/stz3145
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The applicability of a linearized perturbed FLRW metric to the late, lumpy universe has been subject to debate. We consider in an elementary way the Newtonian limit of the Einstein equations with this ansatz for the case of structure formation in late-time cosmology, on small and large scales, and argue that linearizing the Einstein tensor produces only a small error down to arbitrarily small, decoupled scales (e.g. Solar system scales). On subhorizon patches, the metric scale factor becomes a coordinate choice equivalent to choosing the spatial curvature, and not a sign that the FLRW metric cannot perturbatively accommodate very different local physical expansion rates of matter; we distinguish these concepts, and show that they merge on large scales for the Newtonian limit to be globally valid. Furthermore, on subhorizon scales, a perturbed FLRW metric ansatz does not already imply assumptions on isotropy, and effects beyond an FLRW background, including those potentially caused by non-linearities of general relativity (GR), may be encoded into non-trivial boundary conditions. The corresponding cosmologies have already been developed in a Newtonian setting by Heckmann and Sch\"ucking and none of these boundary conditions can explain the accelerated expansion of the universe. Our analysis of the field equations is confirmed on the level of solutions by an example of pedagogical value, comparing a collapsing top-hat overdensity (embedded into a cosmological background) treated in such perturbative manner to the corresponding exact solution of GR, where we find good agreement even in the regimes of strong density contrast.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Feb 2019 07:18:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Jul 2019 12:17:01 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Dec 2019 10:29:38 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-12-18
[ [ "Finke", "Andreas", "" ] ]
The applicability of a linearized perturbed FLRW metric to the late, lumpy universe has been subject to debate. We consider in an elementary way the Newtonian limit of the Einstein equations with this ansatz for the case of structure formation in late-time cosmology, on small and large scales, and argue that linearizing the Einstein tensor produces only a small error down to arbitrarily small, decoupled scales (e.g. Solar system scales). On subhorizon patches, the metric scale factor becomes a coordinate choice equivalent to choosing the spatial curvature, and not a sign that the FLRW metric cannot perturbatively accommodate very different local physical expansion rates of matter; we distinguish these concepts, and show that they merge on large scales for the Newtonian limit to be globally valid. Furthermore, on subhorizon scales, a perturbed FLRW metric ansatz does not already imply assumptions on isotropy, and effects beyond an FLRW background, including those potentially caused by non-linearities of general relativity (GR), may be encoded into non-trivial boundary conditions. The corresponding cosmologies have already been developed in a Newtonian setting by Heckmann and Sch\"ucking and none of these boundary conditions can explain the accelerated expansion of the universe. Our analysis of the field equations is confirmed on the level of solutions by an example of pedagogical value, comparing a collapsing top-hat overdensity (embedded into a cosmological background) treated in such perturbative manner to the corresponding exact solution of GR, where we find good agreement even in the regimes of strong density contrast.
1506.00989
Barun Kumar Pal Dr.
Barun Kumar Pal
Theoretical and observational aspects of cosmological inflation
PHD thesis defended on 20/11/2014 at Jadavpur University, 124 Pages and 22 Figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0906.0664, arXiv:hep-ph/0210162 by other authors
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This thesis piles up the results of five works in the field of cosmological inflation, inflationary cosmological perturbations, cosmic microwave background(CMB) and weak gravitational lensing of cosmic microwave background.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Jun 2015 19:09:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-03
[ [ "Pal", "Barun Kumar", "" ] ]
This thesis piles up the results of five works in the field of cosmological inflation, inflationary cosmological perturbations, cosmic microwave background(CMB) and weak gravitational lensing of cosmic microwave background.
2404.18288
Wei-Liang Qian
Shui-Fa Shen, Wei-Liang Qian, Jie Zhang, Yu Pan, Yu-Peng Yan, Cheng-Gang Shao
Matrix method and the suppression of Runge's phenomenon
17 pages, 4 figures and 4 tables
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Higher-degree polynomial interpolations carried out on uniformly distributed nodes are often plagued by {\it overfitting}, known as Runge's phenomenon. This work investigates Runge's phenomenon and its suppression in various versions of the matrix method for black hole quasinormal modes. It is shown that an appropriate choice of boundary conditions gives rise to desirable suppression of oscillations associated with the increasing Lebesgue constant. For the case of discontinuous effective potentials, where the application of the above boundary condition is not feasible, the recently proposed scheme with delimited expansion domain also leads to satisfactory results. The onset of Runge's phenomenon and its effective suppression are demonstrated by evaluating the relevant waveforms. Furthermore, we argue that both scenarios are either closely related to or practical imitations of the Chebyshev grid. The implications of the present study are also addressed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 28 Apr 2024 19:28:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-04-30
[ [ "Shen", "Shui-Fa", "" ], [ "Qian", "Wei-Liang", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Jie", "" ], [ "Pan", "Yu", "" ], [ "Yan", "Yu-Peng", "" ], [ "Shao", "Cheng-Gang", "" ] ]
Higher-degree polynomial interpolations carried out on uniformly distributed nodes are often plagued by {\it overfitting}, known as Runge's phenomenon. This work investigates Runge's phenomenon and its suppression in various versions of the matrix method for black hole quasinormal modes. It is shown that an appropriate choice of boundary conditions gives rise to desirable suppression of oscillations associated with the increasing Lebesgue constant. For the case of discontinuous effective potentials, where the application of the above boundary condition is not feasible, the recently proposed scheme with delimited expansion domain also leads to satisfactory results. The onset of Runge's phenomenon and its effective suppression are demonstrated by evaluating the relevant waveforms. Furthermore, we argue that both scenarios are either closely related to or practical imitations of the Chebyshev grid. The implications of the present study are also addressed.
2107.11497
Raphael Wittkowski
Michael te Vrugt, Sabine Hossenfelder, Raphael Wittkowski
Mori-Zwanzig formalism for general relativity: a new approach to the averaging problem
7 pages, 1 figure
Physical Review Letters 127, 231101 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.231101
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO cond-mat.stat-mech hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmology relies on a coarse-grained description of the universe, assumed to be valid on large length scales. However, the nonlinearity of general relativity makes coarse-graining extremely difficult. We here address this problem by extending the Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism, a highly successful coarse-graining method from statistical mechanics, towards general relativity. Using the Buchert equations, we derive a new dynamic equation for the Hubble parameter which captures the effects of averaging through a memory function. This gives an empirical prediction for the cosmic jerk.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Jul 2021 00:51:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-07
[ [ "Vrugt", "Michael te", "" ], [ "Hossenfelder", "Sabine", "" ], [ "Wittkowski", "Raphael", "" ] ]
Cosmology relies on a coarse-grained description of the universe, assumed to be valid on large length scales. However, the nonlinearity of general relativity makes coarse-graining extremely difficult. We here address this problem by extending the Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism, a highly successful coarse-graining method from statistical mechanics, towards general relativity. Using the Buchert equations, we derive a new dynamic equation for the Hubble parameter which captures the effects of averaging through a memory function. This gives an empirical prediction for the cosmic jerk.
1512.06497
Ryotaro Kase
Ryotaro Kase, Shinji Tsujikawa and Antonio De Felice
Conical singularities and the Vainshtein screening in full GLPV theories
25 pages, 1 figure
JCAP03(2016)003
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/03/003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In Gleyzes-Langlois-Piazza-Vernizzi (GLPV) theories, it is known that the conical singularity arises at the center of a spherically symmetric body ($r=0$) in the case where the parameter $\alpha_{{\rm H}4}$ characterizing the deviation from the Horndeski Lagrangian $L_4$ approaches a non-zero constant as $r \to 0$. We derive spherically symmetric solutions around the center in full GLPV theories and show that the GLPV Lagrangian $L_5$ does not modify the divergent property of the Ricci scalar $R$ induced by the non-zero $\alpha_{{\rm H}4}$. Provided that $\alpha_{{\rm H}4}=0$, curvature scalar quantities can remain finite at $r=0$ even in the presence of $L_5$ beyond the Horndeski domain. For the theories in which the scalar field $\phi$ is directly coupled to $R$, we also obtain spherically symmetric solutions inside/outside the body to study whether the fifth force mediated by $\phi$ can be screened by non-linear field self-interactions. We find that there is one specific model of GLPV theories in which the effect of $L_5$ vanishes in the equations of motion. We also show that, depending on the sign of a $L_5$-dependent term in the field equation, the model can be compatible with solar-system constraints under the Vainshtein mechanism or it is plagued by the problem of a divergence of the field derivative in high-density regions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Dec 2015 05:17:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Mar 2016 05:34:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-03-03
[ [ "Kase", "Ryotaro", "" ], [ "Tsujikawa", "Shinji", "" ], [ "De Felice", "Antonio", "" ] ]
In Gleyzes-Langlois-Piazza-Vernizzi (GLPV) theories, it is known that the conical singularity arises at the center of a spherically symmetric body ($r=0$) in the case where the parameter $\alpha_{{\rm H}4}$ characterizing the deviation from the Horndeski Lagrangian $L_4$ approaches a non-zero constant as $r \to 0$. We derive spherically symmetric solutions around the center in full GLPV theories and show that the GLPV Lagrangian $L_5$ does not modify the divergent property of the Ricci scalar $R$ induced by the non-zero $\alpha_{{\rm H}4}$. Provided that $\alpha_{{\rm H}4}=0$, curvature scalar quantities can remain finite at $r=0$ even in the presence of $L_5$ beyond the Horndeski domain. For the theories in which the scalar field $\phi$ is directly coupled to $R$, we also obtain spherically symmetric solutions inside/outside the body to study whether the fifth force mediated by $\phi$ can be screened by non-linear field self-interactions. We find that there is one specific model of GLPV theories in which the effect of $L_5$ vanishes in the equations of motion. We also show that, depending on the sign of a $L_5$-dependent term in the field equation, the model can be compatible with solar-system constraints under the Vainshtein mechanism or it is plagued by the problem of a divergence of the field derivative in high-density regions.
gr-qc/0511045
Ignacio Navarro
Ignacio Navarro and Karel Van Acoleyen
Consistent long distance modification of gravity from inverse powers of the curvature
27 pages, 1 figure, v2. references added, improved discussion
JCAP 0603 (2006) 008
10.1088/1475-7516/2006/03/008
DAMTP-2005-105, DCPT/05/142, IPPP/05/71
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
In this paper we study long distance modifications of gravity obtained by considering actions that are singular in the limit of vanishing curvature. In particular, we showed in a previous publication that models that include inverse powers of curvature invariants that diverge for r->0 in the Schwarzschild geometry, recover an acceptable weak field limit at short distances from sources. We study then the linearisation of generic actions of the form L=F[R,P,Q] where P=R_{ab}R^{ab} and Q=R_{abcd}R^{abcd}. We show that for the case in which F[R,P,Q]=F[R,Q-4P], the theory is ghost free. Assuming this is the case, in the models that can explain the acceleration of the Universe without recourse to Dark Energy there is still an extra scalar field in the spectrum besides the massless spin two graviton. The mass of this extra excitation is of the order of the Hubble scale in vacuum. We nevertheless recover Einstein gravity at short distances because the mass of this scalar field depends on the background in such a way that it effectively decouples when one gets close to any source. Remarkably, for the values of the parameters necessary to explain the cosmic acceleration the induced modifications of gravity are suppressed at the Solar System level but can be important for systems like a galaxy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 9 Nov 2005 19:16:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Dec 2005 20:02:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Navarro", "Ignacio", "" ], [ "Van Acoleyen", "Karel", "" ] ]
In this paper we study long distance modifications of gravity obtained by considering actions that are singular in the limit of vanishing curvature. In particular, we showed in a previous publication that models that include inverse powers of curvature invariants that diverge for r->0 in the Schwarzschild geometry, recover an acceptable weak field limit at short distances from sources. We study then the linearisation of generic actions of the form L=F[R,P,Q] where P=R_{ab}R^{ab} and Q=R_{abcd}R^{abcd}. We show that for the case in which F[R,P,Q]=F[R,Q-4P], the theory is ghost free. Assuming this is the case, in the models that can explain the acceleration of the Universe without recourse to Dark Energy there is still an extra scalar field in the spectrum besides the massless spin two graviton. The mass of this extra excitation is of the order of the Hubble scale in vacuum. We nevertheless recover Einstein gravity at short distances because the mass of this scalar field depends on the background in such a way that it effectively decouples when one gets close to any source. Remarkably, for the values of the parameters necessary to explain the cosmic acceleration the induced modifications of gravity are suppressed at the Solar System level but can be important for systems like a galaxy.
1306.3164
Mehrdad Farhoudi Prof.
Hamid Shabani and Mehrdad Farhoudi
f(R,T) Cosmological Models in Phase Space
30 pages, many figures, some corrections made, Refs. added
Phys. Rev. D 88, 044048 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.044048
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th math-ph math.MP physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate cosmological solutions of f(R,T) modified theories of gravity for perfect fluid in spatially FLRW metric through phase space analysis, where R is Ricci scalar and T denotes the trace of energy-momentum tensor of matter content. We explore and analyze three general theories with Lagrangians of minimal $g(R)+h(T)$, pure non--minimal g(R)h(T) and non-minimal $g(R)(1+h(T))$ couplings through dynamical systems approach. We introduce a few variables and dimensionless parameters to simplify the equations in more concise forms. The conservation of energy-momentum tensor leads to a constraint equation that, in the minimal gravity, confines functionality of h(T) to a particular form, hence, relates the dynamical variables. In this case, acceptable cosmological solutions that contain a long enough matter dominated era followed by a late-time accelerated expansion are found. To support theoretical results, we also obtain numerical solutions for a few functions of g(R), and results of the corresponding models confirm the predictions. We classify solutions into six classes which demonstrate more acceptable solutions and there is more freedom to have the matter dominated era than in the f(R) gravity. In particular, there is a new fixed point which can represent late-time acceleration. We draw different diagrams of the matter densities (consistent with the present values), the related scale factors and effective equation of state. The corresponding diagrams of parameters illustrate that there is a saddle acceleration era which is a middle era before final stable acceleration de Sitter era for some models. All presented diagrams determine radiation, matter and late-time acceleration eras very well.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Jun 2013 16:55:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Jun 2013 17:53:48 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 3 Aug 2013 13:30:50 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Aug 2013 13:15:53 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2017-05-23
[ [ "Shabani", "Hamid", "" ], [ "Farhoudi", "Mehrdad", "" ] ]
We investigate cosmological solutions of f(R,T) modified theories of gravity for perfect fluid in spatially FLRW metric through phase space analysis, where R is Ricci scalar and T denotes the trace of energy-momentum tensor of matter content. We explore and analyze three general theories with Lagrangians of minimal $g(R)+h(T)$, pure non--minimal g(R)h(T) and non-minimal $g(R)(1+h(T))$ couplings through dynamical systems approach. We introduce a few variables and dimensionless parameters to simplify the equations in more concise forms. The conservation of energy-momentum tensor leads to a constraint equation that, in the minimal gravity, confines functionality of h(T) to a particular form, hence, relates the dynamical variables. In this case, acceptable cosmological solutions that contain a long enough matter dominated era followed by a late-time accelerated expansion are found. To support theoretical results, we also obtain numerical solutions for a few functions of g(R), and results of the corresponding models confirm the predictions. We classify solutions into six classes which demonstrate more acceptable solutions and there is more freedom to have the matter dominated era than in the f(R) gravity. In particular, there is a new fixed point which can represent late-time acceleration. We draw different diagrams of the matter densities (consistent with the present values), the related scale factors and effective equation of state. The corresponding diagrams of parameters illustrate that there is a saddle acceleration era which is a middle era before final stable acceleration de Sitter era for some models. All presented diagrams determine radiation, matter and late-time acceleration eras very well.
1509.06316
Andrzej Krasi\'nski
Andrzej Krasi\'nski
Cosmological blueshifting may explain the gamma ray bursts
23 pages, 18 figures. Typos corrected, title and two sentences in the abstract modified, bibliography updated. The present text matches the published version
Phys. Rev. D 93, 043525 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.043525
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is shown that the basic observed properties of the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are accounted for if one assumes that the GRBs arise by blueshifting the emission radiation of hydrogen and helium generated during the last scattering epoch. The blueshift generator for a single GRB is a region with a nonconstant bang-time function $t_B(r)$ (described by a Lema\^{\i}tre -- Tolman (L--T) exact solution of Einstein's equations) matched into a homogeneous and isotropic (Friedmann) background. Blueshift visible to the present observer arises \textit{only on those rays that are emitted radially in an L--T region}. The paper presents three L--T models with different Big Bang profiles, adapted for the highest and the lowest end of the GRB frequency range. The models account for: (1) The observed frequency range of the GRBs; (2) Their limited duration; (3) The afterglows; (4) Their hypothetical collimation into narrow jets; (5) The large distances to their sources; (6) The multitude of the observed GRBs. Properties (2), (3) and (6) are accounted for only qualitatively. With a small correction of the parameters of the model, the implied perturbations of the CMB radiation will be consistent with those actually caused by the GRBs. A complete model of the Universe would consist of many L--T regions with different $t_B(r)$ profiles, matched into the same Friedmann background. This paper is meant to be an initial exploration of the possibilities offered by models of this kind; the actual fitting of all parameters to observational results requires fine-tuning of several interconnected variables and is left for a separate study.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Sep 2015 17:28:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Feb 2016 15:01:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-02-24
[ [ "Krasiński", "Andrzej", "" ] ]
It is shown that the basic observed properties of the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are accounted for if one assumes that the GRBs arise by blueshifting the emission radiation of hydrogen and helium generated during the last scattering epoch. The blueshift generator for a single GRB is a region with a nonconstant bang-time function $t_B(r)$ (described by a Lema\^{\i}tre -- Tolman (L--T) exact solution of Einstein's equations) matched into a homogeneous and isotropic (Friedmann) background. Blueshift visible to the present observer arises \textit{only on those rays that are emitted radially in an L--T region}. The paper presents three L--T models with different Big Bang profiles, adapted for the highest and the lowest end of the GRB frequency range. The models account for: (1) The observed frequency range of the GRBs; (2) Their limited duration; (3) The afterglows; (4) Their hypothetical collimation into narrow jets; (5) The large distances to their sources; (6) The multitude of the observed GRBs. Properties (2), (3) and (6) are accounted for only qualitatively. With a small correction of the parameters of the model, the implied perturbations of the CMB radiation will be consistent with those actually caused by the GRBs. A complete model of the Universe would consist of many L--T regions with different $t_B(r)$ profiles, matched into the same Friedmann background. This paper is meant to be an initial exploration of the possibilities offered by models of this kind; the actual fitting of all parameters to observational results requires fine-tuning of several interconnected variables and is left for a separate study.
gr-qc/0611123
Sayan Kar
Sayan Kar (IIT Kharagpur, India) and Soumitra SenGupta (IACS, Kolkata, India)
The Raychaudhuri equations: a brief review
35 pages, two figures, to appear in the special issue of Pramana dedicated to the memory of A. K. Raychaudhuri
Pramana69:49,2007
10.1007/s12043-007-0110-9
null
gr-qc
null
We present a brief review on the Raychaudhuri equations. Beginning with a summary of the essential features of the original article by Raychaudhuri and subsequent work of numerous authors, we move on to a discussion of the equations in the context of alternate non--Riemannian spacetimes as well as other theories of gravity, with a special mention on the equations in spacetimes with torsion (Einstein--Cartan--Sciama--Kibble theory). Finally, we give an overview of some recent applications of these equations in General Relativity, Quantum Field Theory, String Theory and the theory of relativisitic membranes. We conclude with a summary and provide our own perspectives on directions of future research.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Nov 2006 10:55:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kar", "Sayan", "", "IIT Kharagpur, India" ], [ "SenGupta", "Soumitra", "", "IACS, Kolkata,\n India" ] ]
We present a brief review on the Raychaudhuri equations. Beginning with a summary of the essential features of the original article by Raychaudhuri and subsequent work of numerous authors, we move on to a discussion of the equations in the context of alternate non--Riemannian spacetimes as well as other theories of gravity, with a special mention on the equations in spacetimes with torsion (Einstein--Cartan--Sciama--Kibble theory). Finally, we give an overview of some recent applications of these equations in General Relativity, Quantum Field Theory, String Theory and the theory of relativisitic membranes. We conclude with a summary and provide our own perspectives on directions of future research.