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gr-qc/9701024
Vitorio Alberto De Lorenci
Vitorio A. De Lorenci, Jerome Martin, Nelson Pinto-Neto and Ivano Damiao Soares
Topology Change in Canonical Quantum Cosmology
23 pages, LaTex file. We added in the conclusion some comments about path integral formalism and corrected litle misprintings
Phys.Rev. D56 (1997) 3329-3340
10.1103/PhysRevD.56.3329
Notas de Fisica CBPF-NF 002/97
gr-qc
null
We develop the canonical quantization of a midisuperspace model which contains, as a subspace, a minisuperspace constituted of a Friedman-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker Universe filled with homogeneous scalar and dust fields, where the sign of the intrinsic curvature of the spacelike hypersurfaces of homogeneity is not specified, allowing the study of topology change in these hypersurfaces. We solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation of the midisuperspace model restricted to this minisuperspace subspace in the semi-classical approximation. Adopting the conditional probability interpretation, we find that some of the solutions present change of topology of the homogeneous hypersurfaces. However, this result depends crucially on the interpretation we adopt: using the usual probabilistic interpretation, we find selection rules which forbid some of these topology changes.
[ { "created": "Sun, 12 Jan 1997 19:14:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 May 1997 20:51:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "De Lorenci", "Vitorio A.", "" ], [ "Martin", "Jerome", "" ], [ "Pinto-Neto", "Nelson", "" ], [ "Soares", "Ivano Damiao", "" ] ]
We develop the canonical quantization of a midisuperspace model which contains, as a subspace, a minisuperspace constituted of a Friedman-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker Universe filled with homogeneous scalar and dust fields, where the sign of the intrinsic curvature of the spacelike hypersurfaces of homogeneity is not specified, allowing the study of topology change in these hypersurfaces. We solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation of the midisuperspace model restricted to this minisuperspace subspace in the semi-classical approximation. Adopting the conditional probability interpretation, we find that some of the solutions present change of topology of the homogeneous hypersurfaces. However, this result depends crucially on the interpretation we adopt: using the usual probabilistic interpretation, we find selection rules which forbid some of these topology changes.
gr-qc/9803005
Jorge Pullin
Jorge Pullin
Colliding black holes: analytic insights
19 pages, crckapb.sty, 7 figures included with psfig, talk given at GR15, Poona, India, to appear in the proceedings
null
null
CGPG-98/2-4
gr-qc
null
We summarize the state of the art of the ``close approximation'' to black hole collisions. We discuss results to first and second order in perturbation theory for head-on collisions of momentarily-stationary and non-stationary black holes and discuss the near-future prospect of non-axisymmetric collisions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Mar 1998 03:35:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Pullin", "Jorge", "" ] ]
We summarize the state of the art of the ``close approximation'' to black hole collisions. We discuss results to first and second order in perturbation theory for head-on collisions of momentarily-stationary and non-stationary black holes and discuss the near-future prospect of non-axisymmetric collisions.
gr-qc/0609008
Sean A. Hayward
Sean A. Hayward
Angular momentum conservation for dynamical black holes
12 revtex4 pages, 3 eps figures. Version to be published, with minor improvements
Phys.Rev.D74:104013,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.104013
null
gr-qc
null
Angular momentum can be defined by rearranging the Komar surface integral in terms of a twist form, encoding the twisting around of space-time due to a rotating mass, and an axial vector. If the axial vector is a coordinate vector and has vanishing transverse divergence, it can be uniquely specified under certain generic conditions. Along a trapping horizon, a conservation law expresses the rate of change of angular momentum of a general black hole in terms of angular momentum densities of matter and gravitational radiation. This identifies the transverse-normal block of an effective gravitational-radiation energy tensor, whose normal-normal block was recently identified in a corresponding energy conservation law. Angular momentum and energy are dual respectively to the axial vector and a previously identified vector, the conservation equations taking the same form. Including charge conservation, the three conserved quantities yield definitions of an effective energy, electric potential, angular velocity and surface gravity, satisfying a dynamical version of the so-called first law of black-hole mechanics. A corresponding zeroth law holds for null trapping horizons, resolving an ambiguity in taking the null limit.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Sep 2006 11:06:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 4 Nov 2006 04:57:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Hayward", "Sean A.", "" ] ]
Angular momentum can be defined by rearranging the Komar surface integral in terms of a twist form, encoding the twisting around of space-time due to a rotating mass, and an axial vector. If the axial vector is a coordinate vector and has vanishing transverse divergence, it can be uniquely specified under certain generic conditions. Along a trapping horizon, a conservation law expresses the rate of change of angular momentum of a general black hole in terms of angular momentum densities of matter and gravitational radiation. This identifies the transverse-normal block of an effective gravitational-radiation energy tensor, whose normal-normal block was recently identified in a corresponding energy conservation law. Angular momentum and energy are dual respectively to the axial vector and a previously identified vector, the conservation equations taking the same form. Including charge conservation, the three conserved quantities yield definitions of an effective energy, electric potential, angular velocity and surface gravity, satisfying a dynamical version of the so-called first law of black-hole mechanics. A corresponding zeroth law holds for null trapping horizons, resolving an ambiguity in taking the null limit.
gr-qc/0112013
Andrea Vicere
Andrea Vicer\'e
Optimal detection of burst events in gravitational wave interferometric observatories
21 pages, 5 figures in 3 groups. Submitted for publication to Phys.Rev.D. A Mathematica notebook is available at http://www.ligo.caltech.edu/~avicere/nda/burst/Burst.nb which allows to reproduce the numerical results of the paper
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 062002
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.062002
LIGO-P010019-01-E
gr-qc
null
We consider the problem of detecting a burst signal of unknown shape. We introduce a statistic which generalizes the excess power statistic proposed by Flanagan and Hughes and extended by Anderson et al. The statistic we propose is shown to be optimal for arbitrary noise spectral characteristic, under the two hypotheses that the noise is Gaussian, and that the prior for the signal is uniform. The statistic derivation is based on the assumption that a signal affects only affects N samples in the data stream, but that no other information is a priori available, and that the value of the signal at each sample can be arbitrary. We show that the proposed statistic can be implemented combining standard time-series analysis tools which can be efficiently implemented, and the resulting computational cost is still compatible with an on-line analysis of interferometric data. We generalize this version of an excess power statistic to the multiple detector case, also including the effect of correlated noise. We give full details about the implementation of the algorithm, both for the single and the multiple detector case, and we discuss exact and approximate forms, depending on the specific characteristics of the noise and on the assumed length of the burst event. As a example, we show what would be the sensitivity of the network of interferometers to a delta-function burst.
[ { "created": "Sat, 8 Dec 2001 07:48:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Viceré", "Andrea", "" ] ]
We consider the problem of detecting a burst signal of unknown shape. We introduce a statistic which generalizes the excess power statistic proposed by Flanagan and Hughes and extended by Anderson et al. The statistic we propose is shown to be optimal for arbitrary noise spectral characteristic, under the two hypotheses that the noise is Gaussian, and that the prior for the signal is uniform. The statistic derivation is based on the assumption that a signal affects only affects N samples in the data stream, but that no other information is a priori available, and that the value of the signal at each sample can be arbitrary. We show that the proposed statistic can be implemented combining standard time-series analysis tools which can be efficiently implemented, and the resulting computational cost is still compatible with an on-line analysis of interferometric data. We generalize this version of an excess power statistic to the multiple detector case, also including the effect of correlated noise. We give full details about the implementation of the algorithm, both for the single and the multiple detector case, and we discuss exact and approximate forms, depending on the specific characteristics of the noise and on the assumed length of the burst event. As a example, we show what would be the sensitivity of the network of interferometers to a delta-function burst.
1805.03035
Sandipan Sengupta
Sandipan Sengupta
Time travel in vacuum spacetimes
null
Phys. Rev. D 97, 124038 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.124038
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The possibility of time travel through the geodesics of vacuum solutions in first order gravity is explored. We present explicit examples of such geometries, which contain degenerate as well as nondegenerate tetrad fields that are sewn together continuously over different regions of the spacetime. These classical solutions to the field equations satisfy the energy conditions.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 May 2018 08:29:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-06-29
[ [ "Sengupta", "Sandipan", "" ] ]
The possibility of time travel through the geodesics of vacuum solutions in first order gravity is explored. We present explicit examples of such geometries, which contain degenerate as well as nondegenerate tetrad fields that are sewn together continuously over different regions of the spacetime. These classical solutions to the field equations satisfy the energy conditions.
2311.15252
Daoqiang Liu
Daoqiang Liu
Tilted spacetime positive mass theorem with arbitrary ends
19 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome!
null
null
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we prove the spacetime positive mass theorem for asymptotically flat spin initial data sets with arbitrary ends and a non-compact boundary. Moreover, we demonstrate a quantitative shielding theorem, subject to the tilted boundary dominant energy condition. Our results are established by solving a mixed boundary value problem for the Dirac-Witten operator with a Callias potential.
[ { "created": "Sun, 26 Nov 2023 09:53:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-11-28
[ [ "Liu", "Daoqiang", "" ] ]
In this paper, we prove the spacetime positive mass theorem for asymptotically flat spin initial data sets with arbitrary ends and a non-compact boundary. Moreover, we demonstrate a quantitative shielding theorem, subject to the tilted boundary dominant energy condition. Our results are established by solving a mixed boundary value problem for the Dirac-Witten operator with a Callias potential.
2403.13308
Luciano Combi
Luciano Combi and Sean M. Ressler
A binary black hole metric approximation from inspiral to merger
Version to be submitted to PRD. Comments are welcome
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present a semi-analytic binary black hole (BBH) metric approximation that models the entire evolution of the system from inspiral to merger. The metric is constructed as a boosted Kerr-Schild superposition following post-Newtonian (PN) trajectories at the fourth PN order in the inspiral phase. During merger, we interpolate the binary metric in time to a single black hole remnant with properties obtained from numerical relativity (NR) fittings. Different from previous approaches, the new metric can model binary black holes with arbitrary spin direction, mass ratio, and eccentricity at any stage of their evolution in a fast and computationally efficient way. We analyze the properties of our new metric and we compare it with a full numerical relativity evolution. We show that Hamiltonian constraints are well-behaved even at merger and that the mass and spin of the black holes deviate in average only $\sim 5 \%$ compared to the full numerical evolution. We perform a General Relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical (GRMHD) simulation of uniform gas evolving on top of our approximate metric. We compare it with a full numerical relativity evolution of the fluid and Einstein's equations. We show that the properties of the gas such as the accretion rate are remarkably similar between the two approaches, exhibiting only $\sim 10 \%$ differences in average. The approximate metric is five times more efficient among other computational advantages. The numerical implementation of the metric is now open-source and optimized for numerical work. We have also implemented this spacetime in the widely used GRMHD codes Athena++ and EinsteinToolkit.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Mar 2024 05:16:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-21
[ [ "Combi", "Luciano", "" ], [ "Ressler", "Sean M.", "" ] ]
We present a semi-analytic binary black hole (BBH) metric approximation that models the entire evolution of the system from inspiral to merger. The metric is constructed as a boosted Kerr-Schild superposition following post-Newtonian (PN) trajectories at the fourth PN order in the inspiral phase. During merger, we interpolate the binary metric in time to a single black hole remnant with properties obtained from numerical relativity (NR) fittings. Different from previous approaches, the new metric can model binary black holes with arbitrary spin direction, mass ratio, and eccentricity at any stage of their evolution in a fast and computationally efficient way. We analyze the properties of our new metric and we compare it with a full numerical relativity evolution. We show that Hamiltonian constraints are well-behaved even at merger and that the mass and spin of the black holes deviate in average only $\sim 5 \%$ compared to the full numerical evolution. We perform a General Relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical (GRMHD) simulation of uniform gas evolving on top of our approximate metric. We compare it with a full numerical relativity evolution of the fluid and Einstein's equations. We show that the properties of the gas such as the accretion rate are remarkably similar between the two approaches, exhibiting only $\sim 10 \%$ differences in average. The approximate metric is five times more efficient among other computational advantages. The numerical implementation of the metric is now open-source and optimized for numerical work. We have also implemented this spacetime in the widely used GRMHD codes Athena++ and EinsteinToolkit.
0704.1871
Andres Balaguera
A. Balaguera-Antolinez, M. Nowakowski
From Global to Local Dynamics: Effects of the Expansion on Astrophysical Structures
References added To be published in CQG
Class.Quant.Grav.24:2677-2688,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/10/013
null
gr-qc
null
We explore the effects of background cosmology on large scale structures with non-spherical symmetry by using the concept of quasi-equilibrium which allows certain internal properties (e.g. angular velocity) of the bodies to change with time. In accordance with the discovery of the accelerated phase of the universe we model the cosmological background by two representative models: the $\Lambda$CDM Model and the Chaplygin Gas Model. We compare the effects of the two models on various properties of large astrophysical objects. Different equations of state are also invoked in the investigation.
[ { "created": "Sat, 14 Apr 2007 16:49:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Apr 2007 16:37:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Balaguera-Antolinez", "A.", "" ], [ "Nowakowski", "M.", "" ] ]
We explore the effects of background cosmology on large scale structures with non-spherical symmetry by using the concept of quasi-equilibrium which allows certain internal properties (e.g. angular velocity) of the bodies to change with time. In accordance with the discovery of the accelerated phase of the universe we model the cosmological background by two representative models: the $\Lambda$CDM Model and the Chaplygin Gas Model. We compare the effects of the two models on various properties of large astrophysical objects. Different equations of state are also invoked in the investigation.
0704.1035
Hamid Reza Sepangi
M. Heydari-Fard and H. R. Sepangi
Anisotropic brane gravity with a confining potential
14 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PLB
Phys.Lett.B649:1-11,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.04.008
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We consider an anisotropic brane world with Bianchi type I and V geometries where the mechanism of confining the matter on the brane is through the use of a confining potential. The resulting equations on the anisotropic brane are modified by an extra term that may be interpreted as the x-matter, providing a possible phenomenological explanation for the accelerated expansion of the universe. We obtain the general solution of the field equations in an exact parametric form for both Bianchi type I and V space-times. In the special case of a Bianchi type I the solutions of the field equations are obtained in an exact analytic form. Finally, we study the behavior of the observationally important parameters.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Apr 2007 17:01:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Heydari-Fard", "M.", "" ], [ "Sepangi", "H. R.", "" ] ]
We consider an anisotropic brane world with Bianchi type I and V geometries where the mechanism of confining the matter on the brane is through the use of a confining potential. The resulting equations on the anisotropic brane are modified by an extra term that may be interpreted as the x-matter, providing a possible phenomenological explanation for the accelerated expansion of the universe. We obtain the general solution of the field equations in an exact parametric form for both Bianchi type I and V space-times. In the special case of a Bianchi type I the solutions of the field equations are obtained in an exact analytic form. Finally, we study the behavior of the observationally important parameters.
1104.1384
Aleksandar Mikovic
A. Mikovic and M. Vojinovic
Effective action and semiclassical limit of spin foam models
Improved presentation, 2 references added. 15 pages, no figures
Class. Quant. Grav. 28, 225004 (2011)
10.1088/0264-9381/28/22/225004
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We define an effective action for spin foam models of quantum gravity by adapting the background field method from quantum field theory. We show that the Regge action is the leading term in the semi-classical expansion of the spin foam effective action if the vertex amplitude has the large-spin asymptotics which is proportional to an exponential function of the vertex Regge action. In the case of the known three-dimensional and four-dimensional spin foam models this amounts to modifying the vertex amplitude such that the exponential asymptotics is obtained. In particular, we show that the ELPR/FK model vertex amplitude can be modified such that the new model is finite and has the Einstein-Hilbert action as its classical limit. We also calculate the first-order and some of the second-order quantum corrections in the semi-classical expansion of the effective action.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Apr 2011 17:12:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Aug 2011 09:19:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-11-01
[ [ "Mikovic", "A.", "" ], [ "Vojinovic", "M.", "" ] ]
We define an effective action for spin foam models of quantum gravity by adapting the background field method from quantum field theory. We show that the Regge action is the leading term in the semi-classical expansion of the spin foam effective action if the vertex amplitude has the large-spin asymptotics which is proportional to an exponential function of the vertex Regge action. In the case of the known three-dimensional and four-dimensional spin foam models this amounts to modifying the vertex amplitude such that the exponential asymptotics is obtained. In particular, we show that the ELPR/FK model vertex amplitude can be modified such that the new model is finite and has the Einstein-Hilbert action as its classical limit. We also calculate the first-order and some of the second-order quantum corrections in the semi-classical expansion of the effective action.
1809.00555
Branislav Cvetkovi\'c
B. Cvetkovi\'c and D. Simi\'c
Near-horizon geometry with torsion
LaTeX, 14 pages; v2: section 3 extended
Phys. Rev. D 99, 024032 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.024032
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate near-horizon geometry of the rotating Ba\~nados Teiteilboim Zanelli (BTZ) black hole with torsion. Our main motivation is to gain insight into the role of torsion in the near-horizon geometry, which is well understood in the Riemannian case. We obtain that near-horizon geometry represents a generalization of AdS self-dual orbifold with non-trivial torsion. We analyze its asymptotic structure and derive the corresponding algebra of asymptotic symmetries, which consists of chiral Virasoro and centrally extended $u(1)$ Kac-Moody algebra.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Sep 2018 11:21:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Feb 2019 11:32:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-02-21
[ [ "Cvetković", "B.", "" ], [ "Simić", "D.", "" ] ]
We investigate near-horizon geometry of the rotating Ba\~nados Teiteilboim Zanelli (BTZ) black hole with torsion. Our main motivation is to gain insight into the role of torsion in the near-horizon geometry, which is well understood in the Riemannian case. We obtain that near-horizon geometry represents a generalization of AdS self-dual orbifold with non-trivial torsion. We analyze its asymptotic structure and derive the corresponding algebra of asymptotic symmetries, which consists of chiral Virasoro and centrally extended $u(1)$ Kac-Moody algebra.
1209.4871
Eduardo Bittencourt
M. Novello and E. Bittencourt
What is the origin of the mass of the Higgs boson?
7 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.4228, arXiv:1008.2371
Phys Rev D., vol. 86 063510 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.063510
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The purpose of this paper is to present a unified description of mass generation mechanisms that have been investigated so far and that are called the Mach and Higgs proposals. In our mechanism, gravity acts merely as a catalyst and the final expression of the mass depends neither on the intensity nor on the particular properties of the gravitational field. We shall see that these two strategies to provide mass for all bodies that operate independently and competitively can be combined into a single unified theoretical framework. As a consequence of this new formulation we are able to present an answer to the question: what is the origin of the mass of the Higgs boson?
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 Sep 2012 17:46:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-09-24
[ [ "Novello", "M.", "" ], [ "Bittencourt", "E.", "" ] ]
The purpose of this paper is to present a unified description of mass generation mechanisms that have been investigated so far and that are called the Mach and Higgs proposals. In our mechanism, gravity acts merely as a catalyst and the final expression of the mass depends neither on the intensity nor on the particular properties of the gravitational field. We shall see that these two strategies to provide mass for all bodies that operate independently and competitively can be combined into a single unified theoretical framework. As a consequence of this new formulation we are able to present an answer to the question: what is the origin of the mass of the Higgs boson?
1507.08651
Saeed Rastgoo
Hugo A. Morales-T\'ecotl, Daniel H. Orozco-Borunda, Saeed Rastgoo
Polymer quantization and the saddle point approximation of partition functions
18 pages, 2 figures. Minor corrections based on PRD referee report. Final version matching the one published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 92, 104029 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.104029
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The saddle point approximation of the path integral partition functions is an important way of deriving the thermodynamical properties of black holes. However, there are certain black hole models and some mathematically analog mechanical models for which this method cannot be applied directly. This is due to the fact that their action evaluated on a classical solution is not finite and its first variation does not vanish for all consistent boundary conditions. These problems can be dealt with by adding a counterterm to the classical action, which is a solution of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. In this work we study the effects of polymer quantization on a mechanical model presenting the aforementioned difficulties and contrast it with the above counterterm method. This type of quantization for mechanical models is motivated by the loop quantization of gravity which is known to play a role in the thermodynamics of black hole systems. The model we consider is a nonrelativistic particle in an inverse square potential, and analyze two polarizations of the polymer quantization in which either the position or the momentum is discrete. In the former case, Thiemann's regularization is applied to represent the inverse power potential but we still need to incorporate the Hamilton-Jacobi counterterm which is now modified by polymer corrections. In the latter, momentum discrete case however, such regularization could not be implemented. Yet, remarkably, owing to the fact that the position is bounded, we do not need a Hamilton-Jacobi counterterm in order to have a well-defined saddle point approximation. Further developments and extensions are commented upon in the discussion.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Jul 2015 19:55:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 31 Jul 2015 20:22:10 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 Nov 2015 03:42:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-11-11
[ [ "Morales-Técotl", "Hugo A.", "" ], [ "Orozco-Borunda", "Daniel H.", "" ], [ "Rastgoo", "Saeed", "" ] ]
The saddle point approximation of the path integral partition functions is an important way of deriving the thermodynamical properties of black holes. However, there are certain black hole models and some mathematically analog mechanical models for which this method cannot be applied directly. This is due to the fact that their action evaluated on a classical solution is not finite and its first variation does not vanish for all consistent boundary conditions. These problems can be dealt with by adding a counterterm to the classical action, which is a solution of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. In this work we study the effects of polymer quantization on a mechanical model presenting the aforementioned difficulties and contrast it with the above counterterm method. This type of quantization for mechanical models is motivated by the loop quantization of gravity which is known to play a role in the thermodynamics of black hole systems. The model we consider is a nonrelativistic particle in an inverse square potential, and analyze two polarizations of the polymer quantization in which either the position or the momentum is discrete. In the former case, Thiemann's regularization is applied to represent the inverse power potential but we still need to incorporate the Hamilton-Jacobi counterterm which is now modified by polymer corrections. In the latter, momentum discrete case however, such regularization could not be implemented. Yet, remarkably, owing to the fact that the position is bounded, we do not need a Hamilton-Jacobi counterterm in order to have a well-defined saddle point approximation. Further developments and extensions are commented upon in the discussion.
1606.02417
Richard Woodard
S. Basu and R. P. Woodard
Testing an Ansatz for the Leading Secular Loop Corrections from Quantum Gravity during Inflation
24 pages, 2 figures, uses LaTeX2e, version 2 corrects some typos and adds some references
Class. Quant. Grav. 33 (2016) no. 20, 205007
10.1088/0264-9381/33/20/205007
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is widely believed that the leading secular loop corrections from quantum gravity can be subsumed into a coordinate redefinition. Hence the apparent infrared logarithm corrections to any quantity would be just the result of taking the expectation value of the tree order quantity at the transformed coordinates in the graviton vacuum. We term this the Transformation Ansatz and we compare its predictions against explicit one loop computations in Maxwell + Einstein and Dirac + Einstein on de Sitter background. In each case the ansatz fails.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Jun 2016 06:37:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 30 Sep 2016 16:35:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-10-03
[ [ "Basu", "S.", "" ], [ "Woodard", "R. P.", "" ] ]
It is widely believed that the leading secular loop corrections from quantum gravity can be subsumed into a coordinate redefinition. Hence the apparent infrared logarithm corrections to any quantity would be just the result of taking the expectation value of the tree order quantity at the transformed coordinates in the graviton vacuum. We term this the Transformation Ansatz and we compare its predictions against explicit one loop computations in Maxwell + Einstein and Dirac + Einstein on de Sitter background. In each case the ansatz fails.
2103.10405
Yannick Herfray
Yannick Herfray
Tractor geometry of asymptotically flat spacetimes
This match the version published in Annales Henri Poincar\'e (2022)
null
10.1007/s00023-022-01174-0
null
gr-qc math-ph math.DG math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
In a recent work it was shown that conformal Carroll geometries are canonically equipped with a null-tractor bundle generalizing the tractor bundle of conformal geometry. We here show that in the case of the conformal boundary of an asymptotically flat spacetime of any dimension d>=3, this null-tractor bundle over null infinity can be canonically derived from the interior spacetime geometry. As was previously discussed, compatible normal connections on the null-tractor bundle are not unique: We prove that they are in fact in one-to-one correspondence with the germ of the asymptotically flat spacetimes to leading order. In dimension d=3 the tractor connection invariantly encodes a choice of mass and angular momentum aspect, in dimension d>=4 a choice of asymptotic shear. In dimension d=4 the presence of tractor curvature correspond to gravitational radiation. Even thought these results are by construction geometrical and coordinate invariant, we give explicit expressions in BMS coordinates for concreteness.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Mar 2021 17:40:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Mar 2021 16:21:05 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 18 Nov 2021 17:35:52 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 11 Jun 2022 12:26:36 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2022-06-14
[ [ "Herfray", "Yannick", "" ] ]
In a recent work it was shown that conformal Carroll geometries are canonically equipped with a null-tractor bundle generalizing the tractor bundle of conformal geometry. We here show that in the case of the conformal boundary of an asymptotically flat spacetime of any dimension d>=3, this null-tractor bundle over null infinity can be canonically derived from the interior spacetime geometry. As was previously discussed, compatible normal connections on the null-tractor bundle are not unique: We prove that they are in fact in one-to-one correspondence with the germ of the asymptotically flat spacetimes to leading order. In dimension d=3 the tractor connection invariantly encodes a choice of mass and angular momentum aspect, in dimension d>=4 a choice of asymptotic shear. In dimension d=4 the presence of tractor curvature correspond to gravitational radiation. Even thought these results are by construction geometrical and coordinate invariant, we give explicit expressions in BMS coordinates for concreteness.
2310.19183
Andres Vargas-Sanchez Mr
Andr\'es F. Vargas and Andrew Melatos
Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 with a hidden Markov model in O3 LIGO data with a corrected orbital ephemeris
8 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Results are presented for a semi-coherent search for gravitational waves from the low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius X-1 in Observing Run 3 (O3) data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory, using an updated orbital parameter ephemeris and a hidden Markov model (HMM) to allow for spin wandering. The new orbital ephemeris corrects errors in previously published orbital measurements and implies a new search domain. This search domain does not overlap with the one used in the original Scorpius X-1 HMM O3 search. The corrected domain is approximately three times smaller by area in the $T_{\rm asc}$--$P$ plane than the original domain, where $T_{\rm asc}$ and $P$ denote the time of passage through the ascending node and the orbital period respectively, reducing the trials factor and computing time. No evidence is found for gravitational radiation in the search band from 60 Hz to 500 Hz. Upper limits are computed for the characteristic gravitational wave strain. They are consistent with the values from the original Scorpius X-1 HMM O3 search.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 Oct 2023 22:56:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-31
[ [ "Vargas", "Andrés F.", "" ], [ "Melatos", "Andrew", "" ] ]
Results are presented for a semi-coherent search for gravitational waves from the low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius X-1 in Observing Run 3 (O3) data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory, using an updated orbital parameter ephemeris and a hidden Markov model (HMM) to allow for spin wandering. The new orbital ephemeris corrects errors in previously published orbital measurements and implies a new search domain. This search domain does not overlap with the one used in the original Scorpius X-1 HMM O3 search. The corrected domain is approximately three times smaller by area in the $T_{\rm asc}$--$P$ plane than the original domain, where $T_{\rm asc}$ and $P$ denote the time of passage through the ascending node and the orbital period respectively, reducing the trials factor and computing time. No evidence is found for gravitational radiation in the search band from 60 Hz to 500 Hz. Upper limits are computed for the characteristic gravitational wave strain. They are consistent with the values from the original Scorpius X-1 HMM O3 search.
2010.01720
Haret Rosu
H.C. Rosu, S.C. Mancas, C.-C. Hsieh
Superfluid Rayleigh-Plesset extension of FLRW cosmology
13 pages, 11 figures with subfigures, new section with 2 figures and new subsection added, published version
Annals of Physics 429 (2021) 168490
10.1016/j.aop.2021.168490
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Guided by the analogy with the Rayleigh-Plesset dynamics of multielectron bubbles in superfluid He-4, we consider the cosmological FLRW evolution equation with additional cubic and sixth powers of the inverse of the scale factor of the universe. For the barotropic parameter w=2/3 (coasting universe), along with zero cosmological constant in the absence of viscous terms, by using the Sundman time as evolution parameter, we present parametric solutions for the scale factor of the universe in terms of rational expressions of Weierstrass elliptic functions and their particular cases thereof. For other values of the equation of state parameter w, such as w=-1, but also the same coasting case, we present a more standard discussion in the conformal time variable using solutions obtained by numerical integration.
[ { "created": "Sun, 4 Oct 2020 23:47:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 24 Oct 2020 22:23:26 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 31 Jan 2021 03:53:29 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 May 2021 18:53:16 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2021-05-20
[ [ "Rosu", "H. C.", "" ], [ "Mancas", "S. C.", "" ], [ "Hsieh", "C. -C.", "" ] ]
Guided by the analogy with the Rayleigh-Plesset dynamics of multielectron bubbles in superfluid He-4, we consider the cosmological FLRW evolution equation with additional cubic and sixth powers of the inverse of the scale factor of the universe. For the barotropic parameter w=2/3 (coasting universe), along with zero cosmological constant in the absence of viscous terms, by using the Sundman time as evolution parameter, we present parametric solutions for the scale factor of the universe in terms of rational expressions of Weierstrass elliptic functions and their particular cases thereof. For other values of the equation of state parameter w, such as w=-1, but also the same coasting case, we present a more standard discussion in the conformal time variable using solutions obtained by numerical integration.
1609.02747
Maciej Dunajski
Maciej Dunajski, Paul Tod
Non-diagonal four-dimensional cohomogeneity-one Einstein metrics in various signatures
null
null
null
DAMTP-2016-67
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Most known four-dimensional cohomogeneity-one Einstein metrics are diagonal in the basis defined by the left-invariant one-forms, though some essentially non-diagonal ones are known. We consider the problem of explicitly seeking non-diagonal Einstein metrics, and we find solutions which in some cases exhaust the possibilities. In particular we construct new examples of neutral signature non--diagonal Bianchi type VIII Einstein metrics with self--dual Weyl tensor.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Sep 2016 11:20:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-09-15
[ [ "Dunajski", "Maciej", "" ], [ "Tod", "Paul", "" ] ]
Most known four-dimensional cohomogeneity-one Einstein metrics are diagonal in the basis defined by the left-invariant one-forms, though some essentially non-diagonal ones are known. We consider the problem of explicitly seeking non-diagonal Einstein metrics, and we find solutions which in some cases exhaust the possibilities. In particular we construct new examples of neutral signature non--diagonal Bianchi type VIII Einstein metrics with self--dual Weyl tensor.
1907.07135
Dinesh Chandra Maurya
Dinesh Chandra Maurya, Rashid Zia
Brans-Dicke Scalar Field Cosmological Model in Lyra's Geometry
20 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1406.7636, arXiv:1710.09269, arXiv:1710.07281, arXiv:1203.0917 by other authors
Phys. Rev. D, 100, 023503 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.023503
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we have developed a new cosmological model in Einstein's modified gravity theory using two types of modification.(i) Geometrical modification, in which we have used Lyra's geometry in the left hand side of the Einstein field equations (EFE) and (ii) Modification in gravity (energy momentum tensor) on right hand side of EFE, as per Brans-Dicke (BD) model. With these two modifications, we have investigated a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I cosmological models of Einstein's Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation in Lyra geometry. The model represents accelerating universe at present and decelerating in past and is considered to be dominated by dark energy. Gauge function $\beta$ and BD-scalar field $\phi$ are considered as a candidate for the dark energy and is responsible for the present acceleration. The derived model agrees at par with the recent supernovae (SN Ia) observations. We have set BD-coupling constant $\omega$ to be greater than 40000, seeing the solar system tests and evidences. We have discussed the various physical and geometrical properties of the models and have compared them with the corresponding relativistic models.
[ { "created": "Sun, 14 Jul 2019 17:07:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-07-17
[ [ "Maurya", "Dinesh Chandra", "" ], [ "Zia", "Rashid", "" ] ]
In this paper, we have developed a new cosmological model in Einstein's modified gravity theory using two types of modification.(i) Geometrical modification, in which we have used Lyra's geometry in the left hand side of the Einstein field equations (EFE) and (ii) Modification in gravity (energy momentum tensor) on right hand side of EFE, as per Brans-Dicke (BD) model. With these two modifications, we have investigated a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I cosmological models of Einstein's Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation in Lyra geometry. The model represents accelerating universe at present and decelerating in past and is considered to be dominated by dark energy. Gauge function $\beta$ and BD-scalar field $\phi$ are considered as a candidate for the dark energy and is responsible for the present acceleration. The derived model agrees at par with the recent supernovae (SN Ia) observations. We have set BD-coupling constant $\omega$ to be greater than 40000, seeing the solar system tests and evidences. We have discussed the various physical and geometrical properties of the models and have compared them with the corresponding relativistic models.
2103.02389
Mariem Magdy Ali Mohamed
Mariem M. Ali Mohamed, Juan A. Valiente Kroon
A comparison of Ashtekar's and Friedrich's formalisms of spatial infinity
33 pages, 4 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac1208
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Penrose's idea of asymptotic flatness provides a framework for understanding the asymptotic structure of gravitational fields of isolated systems at null infinity. However, the studies of the asymptotic behaviour of fields near spatial infinity are more challenging due to the singular nature of spatial infinity in a regular point compactification for spacetimes with non-vanishing ADM mass. Two different frameworks that address this challenge are Friedrich's cylinder at spatial infinity and Ashtekar's definition of asymptotically Minkowskian spacetimes at spatial infinity that give rise to the 3-dimensional asymptote at spatial infinity $\mathcal{H}$. Both frameworks address the singularity at spatial infinity although the link between the two approaches had not been investigated in the literature. This article aims to show the relation between Friedrich's cylinder and the asymptote as spatial infinity. To do so, we initially consider this relation for Minkowski spacetime. It can be shown that the solution to the conformal geodesic equations provides a conformal factor that links the cylinder and the asymptote. For general spacetimes satisfying Ashtekar's definition, the conformal factor cannot be determined explicitly. However, proof of the existence of this conformal factor is provided in this article. Additionally, the conditions satisfied by physical fields on the asymptote $\mathcal{H}$ are derived systematically using the conformal constraint equations. Finally, it is shown that a solution to the conformal geodesic equations on the asymptote can be extended to a small neighbourhood of spatial infinity by making use of the stability theorem for ordinary differential equations. This solution can be used to construct a conformal Gaussian system in a neighbourhood of $\mathcal{H}$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Mar 2021 13:28:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Jun 2021 15:53:43 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 19 Aug 2023 10:50:26 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-08-22
[ [ "Mohamed", "Mariem M. Ali", "" ], [ "Kroon", "Juan A. Valiente", "" ] ]
Penrose's idea of asymptotic flatness provides a framework for understanding the asymptotic structure of gravitational fields of isolated systems at null infinity. However, the studies of the asymptotic behaviour of fields near spatial infinity are more challenging due to the singular nature of spatial infinity in a regular point compactification for spacetimes with non-vanishing ADM mass. Two different frameworks that address this challenge are Friedrich's cylinder at spatial infinity and Ashtekar's definition of asymptotically Minkowskian spacetimes at spatial infinity that give rise to the 3-dimensional asymptote at spatial infinity $\mathcal{H}$. Both frameworks address the singularity at spatial infinity although the link between the two approaches had not been investigated in the literature. This article aims to show the relation between Friedrich's cylinder and the asymptote as spatial infinity. To do so, we initially consider this relation for Minkowski spacetime. It can be shown that the solution to the conformal geodesic equations provides a conformal factor that links the cylinder and the asymptote. For general spacetimes satisfying Ashtekar's definition, the conformal factor cannot be determined explicitly. However, proof of the existence of this conformal factor is provided in this article. Additionally, the conditions satisfied by physical fields on the asymptote $\mathcal{H}$ are derived systematically using the conformal constraint equations. Finally, it is shown that a solution to the conformal geodesic equations on the asymptote can be extended to a small neighbourhood of spatial infinity by making use of the stability theorem for ordinary differential equations. This solution can be used to construct a conformal Gaussian system in a neighbourhood of $\mathcal{H}$.
gr-qc/0008050
Christodoulakis Theodosios
T. Christodoulakis, G. Kofinas, E. Korfiatis, G.O. Papadopoulos and A. Paschos
Time-Dependent Automorphism Inducing Diffeomorphisms In Vacuum Bianchi Cosmologies And The Complete Closed Form Solutions For Type II & V
60 pages, Typeset using Latex2e, no figures, 1 table
J.Math.Phys.42:3580-3608,2001
10.1063/1.1386637
null
gr-qc math-ph math.DG math.MP
null
We investigate the set of spacetime general coordinate transformations (G.C.T.) which leave the line element of a generic Bianchi Type Geometry, quasi-form invariant; i.e. preserve manifest spatial Homogeneity. We find that these G.C.T.'s, induce special time-dependent automorphic changes, on the spatial scale factor matrix $\gamma_{\alpha\beta}(t)$ -along with corresponding changes on the lapse function $N(t)$ and the shift vector $N^{\alpha}(t)$. These changes, which are Bianchi Type dependent, form a group and are, in general, different from those induced by the group SAut(G) -advocated in earlier investigations as the relevant symmetry group-, they are used to simplify the form of the line element -and thus simplify Einstein's equations as well-, without losing generality. As far as this simplification procedure is concerned, the transformations found, are proved to be essentialy unique. For the case of Bianchi Types II and V, where the most general solutions are known -Taub's and Joseph's, respectively-, it is explicitly verified that our transformations and only those, suffice to reduce the generic line element, to the previously known forms. It becomes thus possible, -for these Types- to give in closed form, the most general solution, containing all the necessary ``gauge'' freedom.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Aug 2000 10:53:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 Aug 2000 07:59:12 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Mar 2001 14:45:10 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Mar 2001 12:05:30 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 22 May 2001 12:57:55 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2009-10-09
[ [ "Christodoulakis", "T.", "" ], [ "Kofinas", "G.", "" ], [ "Korfiatis", "E.", "" ], [ "Papadopoulos", "G. O.", "" ], [ "Paschos", "A.", "" ] ]
We investigate the set of spacetime general coordinate transformations (G.C.T.) which leave the line element of a generic Bianchi Type Geometry, quasi-form invariant; i.e. preserve manifest spatial Homogeneity. We find that these G.C.T.'s, induce special time-dependent automorphic changes, on the spatial scale factor matrix $\gamma_{\alpha\beta}(t)$ -along with corresponding changes on the lapse function $N(t)$ and the shift vector $N^{\alpha}(t)$. These changes, which are Bianchi Type dependent, form a group and are, in general, different from those induced by the group SAut(G) -advocated in earlier investigations as the relevant symmetry group-, they are used to simplify the form of the line element -and thus simplify Einstein's equations as well-, without losing generality. As far as this simplification procedure is concerned, the transformations found, are proved to be essentialy unique. For the case of Bianchi Types II and V, where the most general solutions are known -Taub's and Joseph's, respectively-, it is explicitly verified that our transformations and only those, suffice to reduce the generic line element, to the previously known forms. It becomes thus possible, -for these Types- to give in closed form, the most general solution, containing all the necessary ``gauge'' freedom.
2010.09064
Alexander Zhidenko
R. A. Konoplya and A. Zhidenko
Massive particles in the Einstein-Lovelock-anti-de Sitter black hole spacetime
6 pages (revtex), 1 figure
Class. Quantum Grav. 38: 045015 (2021)
10.1088/1361-6382/abd302
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An interpretation to the physics of stable geodesics of massive particles in black hole backgrounds has been recently proposed in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. It was argued that the existence of stable orbits indicates that the dual state does not thermalize on a thermal time scale and the bulk excitations can be interpreted as metastable states in the dual field theory. Here we study motion of massive particles in the background of the D-dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in the Einstein-Lovelock theory. We show that, unlike the asymptotically flat case, for any kind of higher curvature Lovelock corrections there appear a stable circular orbit at a distance from the black hole. We find the general analytical expressions for the frequencies of distant circular orbits and radial oscillation frequencies. We show that the corresponding correction has the same power as in the Schwarzschild-AdS case, implying a universal scaling with the temperature for any Lovelock theory.
[ { "created": "Sun, 18 Oct 2020 18:51:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Dec 2020 22:47:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-12-29
[ [ "Konoplya", "R. A.", "" ], [ "Zhidenko", "A.", "" ] ]
An interpretation to the physics of stable geodesics of massive particles in black hole backgrounds has been recently proposed in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. It was argued that the existence of stable orbits indicates that the dual state does not thermalize on a thermal time scale and the bulk excitations can be interpreted as metastable states in the dual field theory. Here we study motion of massive particles in the background of the D-dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in the Einstein-Lovelock theory. We show that, unlike the asymptotically flat case, for any kind of higher curvature Lovelock corrections there appear a stable circular orbit at a distance from the black hole. We find the general analytical expressions for the frequencies of distant circular orbits and radial oscillation frequencies. We show that the corresponding correction has the same power as in the Schwarzschild-AdS case, implying a universal scaling with the temperature for any Lovelock theory.
gr-qc/0111053
Pankaj S. Joshi
S. S. Deshingkar, P. S. Joshi and I. H. Dwivedi
Appearance of the central singularity in spherical collapse
25 pages, 6 figures
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 084009
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.084009
null
gr-qc
null
We analyze here the structure of non-radial nonspacelike geodesics terminating in the past at a naked singularity formed as the end state of inhomogeneous dust collapse. The spectrum of outgoing nonspacelike null geodesics is examined analytically. The local and global visibility of the singularity is also examined by integrating numerically the null geodesics equations. The possible implications of existence of such families towards the appearance of the star in late stages of gravitational collapse are considered. It is seen that the outgoing non-radial geodesics give an appearance to the naked central singularity as that of an expanding ball whose radius reaches a maximum before the star goes within its apparent horizon. The radiated energy (along the null geodesics) is shown to decay very sharply in the neighbourhood of the singularity. Thus the total energy escaping via non-radial null geodesics from the naked central singularity vanishes in the scenario considered here.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Nov 2001 17:36:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Deshingkar", "S. S.", "" ], [ "Joshi", "P. S.", "" ], [ "Dwivedi", "I. H.", "" ] ]
We analyze here the structure of non-radial nonspacelike geodesics terminating in the past at a naked singularity formed as the end state of inhomogeneous dust collapse. The spectrum of outgoing nonspacelike null geodesics is examined analytically. The local and global visibility of the singularity is also examined by integrating numerically the null geodesics equations. The possible implications of existence of such families towards the appearance of the star in late stages of gravitational collapse are considered. It is seen that the outgoing non-radial geodesics give an appearance to the naked central singularity as that of an expanding ball whose radius reaches a maximum before the star goes within its apparent horizon. The radiated energy (along the null geodesics) is shown to decay very sharply in the neighbourhood of the singularity. Thus the total energy escaping via non-radial null geodesics from the naked central singularity vanishes in the scenario considered here.
gr-qc/0406086
Valery Kiselev
V.V.Kiselev
Ghost condensate model of flat rotation curves
4 pages, RevTeX4 file, references and clarifying footnotes added
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
An effective action of ghost condensate with higher derivatives creates a source of gravity and mimics a dark matter in spiral galaxies. We present a spherically symmetric static solution of Einstein--Hilbert equations with the ghost condensate at large distances, where flat rotation curves are reproduced in leading order over small ratio of two energy scales characterizing constant temporal and spatial derivatives of ghost field: mu_*^2 and mu_\star^2, respectively, with a hierarchy mu_\star\ll \mu_*. We assume that a mechanism of hierarchy is provided by a global monopole in the center of galaxy. An estimate based on the solution and observed velocities of rotations in the asymptotic region of flatness, gives mu_* ~ 10^{19} GeV and the monopole scale in a GUT range mu_\star ~ 10^{16} GeV, while a velocity of rotation v_0 is determined by the ratio: sqrt{2} v_0^2= mu_\star^2/mu_*^2. A critical acceleration is introduced and naturally evaluated of the order of Hubble rate, that represents the Milgrom's acceleration.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Jun 2004 07:11:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Jul 2004 12:16:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kiselev", "V. V.", "" ] ]
An effective action of ghost condensate with higher derivatives creates a source of gravity and mimics a dark matter in spiral galaxies. We present a spherically symmetric static solution of Einstein--Hilbert equations with the ghost condensate at large distances, where flat rotation curves are reproduced in leading order over small ratio of two energy scales characterizing constant temporal and spatial derivatives of ghost field: mu_*^2 and mu_\star^2, respectively, with a hierarchy mu_\star\ll \mu_*. We assume that a mechanism of hierarchy is provided by a global monopole in the center of galaxy. An estimate based on the solution and observed velocities of rotations in the asymptotic region of flatness, gives mu_* ~ 10^{19} GeV and the monopole scale in a GUT range mu_\star ~ 10^{16} GeV, while a velocity of rotation v_0 is determined by the ratio: sqrt{2} v_0^2= mu_\star^2/mu_*^2. A critical acceleration is introduced and naturally evaluated of the order of Hubble rate, that represents the Milgrom's acceleration.
gr-qc/0506140
Albert V. Minkevich
A. V. Minkevich
Gauge Approach to Gravitation and Regular Big Bang Theory
11 pages, 8 figures. Some misprints are corrected, minor addition is made
Grav.Cosmol. 12 (2006) 11-20
null
null
gr-qc
null
Field theoretical scheme of regular Big Bang in 4-dimensional physical space-time, built in the framework of gauge approach to gravitation, is discussed. Regular bouncing character of homogeneous isotropic cosmological models is ensured by gravitational repulsion effect at extreme conditions without quantum gravitational corrections. The most general properties of regular inflationary cosmological models are examined. Developing theory is valid, if energy density of gravitating matter is positive and energy dominance condition is fulfilled.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Jun 2005 07:44:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 Aug 2005 08:56:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Minkevich", "A. V.", "" ] ]
Field theoretical scheme of regular Big Bang in 4-dimensional physical space-time, built in the framework of gauge approach to gravitation, is discussed. Regular bouncing character of homogeneous isotropic cosmological models is ensured by gravitational repulsion effect at extreme conditions without quantum gravitational corrections. The most general properties of regular inflationary cosmological models are examined. Developing theory is valid, if energy density of gravitating matter is positive and energy dominance condition is fulfilled.
0710.5542
Carlos O. Lousto
Carlos O. Lousto and Hiroyuki Nakano (RIT)
Three-body equations of motion in successive post-Newtonian approximations
8 pages, 9 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.25:195019,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/19/195019
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
There are periodic solutions to the equal-mass three-body (and N-body) problem in Newtonian gravity. The figure-eight solution is one of them. In this paper, we discuss its solution in the first and second post-Newtonian approximations to General Relativity. To do so we derive the canonical equations of motion in the ADM gauge from the three-body Hamiltonian. We then integrate those equations numerically, showing that quantities such as the energy, linear and angular momenta are conserved down to numerical error. We also study the scaling of the initial parameters with the physical size of the triple system. In this way we can assess when general relativistic results are important and we determine that this occur for distances of the order of 100M, with M the total mass of the system. For distances much closer than those, presumably the system would completely collapse due to gravitational radiation. This sets up a natural cut-off to Newtonian N-body simulations. The method can also be used to dynamically provide initial parameters for subsequent full nonlinear numerical simulations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Oct 2007 21:51:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "", "RIT" ], [ "Nakano", "Hiroyuki", "", "RIT" ] ]
There are periodic solutions to the equal-mass three-body (and N-body) problem in Newtonian gravity. The figure-eight solution is one of them. In this paper, we discuss its solution in the first and second post-Newtonian approximations to General Relativity. To do so we derive the canonical equations of motion in the ADM gauge from the three-body Hamiltonian. We then integrate those equations numerically, showing that quantities such as the energy, linear and angular momenta are conserved down to numerical error. We also study the scaling of the initial parameters with the physical size of the triple system. In this way we can assess when general relativistic results are important and we determine that this occur for distances of the order of 100M, with M the total mass of the system. For distances much closer than those, presumably the system would completely collapse due to gravitational radiation. This sets up a natural cut-off to Newtonian N-body simulations. The method can also be used to dynamically provide initial parameters for subsequent full nonlinear numerical simulations.
1812.10996
Pietro Don\`a
Eugenio Bianchi, Pietro Dona, Ilya Vilensky
Entanglement entropy of Bell-network states in LQG: Analytical and numerical results
26 pages, 5 figures. The code is available at the link https://bitbucket.org/pietrodona/bellnetworkentropy. Updated to match the published version
Phys. Rev. D 99, 086013 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.086013
IGC-18/12-1
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Bell-network states are loop-quantum-gravity states that glue quantum polyhedra with entanglement. We present an algorithm and a code that evaluates the reduced density matrix of a Bell-network state and computes its entanglement entropy. In particular, we use our code for simple graphs to study properties of Bell-network states and to show that they are non-typical in the Hilbert space. Moreover, we investigate analytically Bell-network states on arbitrary finite graphs. We develop methods to compute the R\'enyi entropy of order p for a restriction of the state to an arbitrary region. In the uniform large-spin regime, we determine bounds on the entanglement entropy and show that it obeys an area law. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for correlations of geometric observables.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Dec 2018 14:04:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Apr 2019 18:51:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-04-24
[ [ "Bianchi", "Eugenio", "" ], [ "Dona", "Pietro", "" ], [ "Vilensky", "Ilya", "" ] ]
Bell-network states are loop-quantum-gravity states that glue quantum polyhedra with entanglement. We present an algorithm and a code that evaluates the reduced density matrix of a Bell-network state and computes its entanglement entropy. In particular, we use our code for simple graphs to study properties of Bell-network states and to show that they are non-typical in the Hilbert space. Moreover, we investigate analytically Bell-network states on arbitrary finite graphs. We develop methods to compute the R\'enyi entropy of order p for a restriction of the state to an arbitrary region. In the uniform large-spin regime, we determine bounds on the entanglement entropy and show that it obeys an area law. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for correlations of geometric observables.
2003.02281
Matthew Mould
Matthew Mould, Davide Gerosa
Endpoint of the up-down instability in precessing binary black holes
Animated versions of Figs. 2, 7 and 13 are available at https://davidegerosa.com/spinprecession
Phys. Rev. D 101, 124037 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.124037
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Binary black holes in which both spins are aligned with the binary's orbital angular momentum do not precess. However, the up-down configuration, in which the spin of the heavier (lighter) black hole is aligned (anti-aligned) with the orbital angular momentum, is unstable to spin precession at small orbital separations. We first cast the spin precession problem in terms of a simple harmonic oscillator and provide a cleaner derivation of the instability onset. Surprisingly, we find that following the instability, up-down binaries do not disperse in the available parameter space but evolve toward precise endpoints. We then present an analytic scheme to locate these final configurations and confirm them with numerical integrations. Namely, unstable up-down binaries approach mergers with the two spins coaligned with each other and equally misaligned with the orbital angular momentum. Merging up-down binaries relevant to LIGO/Virgo and LISA may be detected in these endpoint configurations if the instability onset occurs prior to the sensitivity threshold of the detector. As a by-product, we obtain new generic results on binary black hole spin-orbit resonances at 2nd~post-Newtonian order. We finally apply these findings to a simple astrophysical population of binary black holes where a formation mechanism aligns the spins without preference for co- or counteralignment, as might be the case for stellar-mass black holes embedded in the accretion disk of a supermassive black hole.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Mar 2020 19:00:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Jun 2020 10:48:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-06-22
[ [ "Mould", "Matthew", "" ], [ "Gerosa", "Davide", "" ] ]
Binary black holes in which both spins are aligned with the binary's orbital angular momentum do not precess. However, the up-down configuration, in which the spin of the heavier (lighter) black hole is aligned (anti-aligned) with the orbital angular momentum, is unstable to spin precession at small orbital separations. We first cast the spin precession problem in terms of a simple harmonic oscillator and provide a cleaner derivation of the instability onset. Surprisingly, we find that following the instability, up-down binaries do not disperse in the available parameter space but evolve toward precise endpoints. We then present an analytic scheme to locate these final configurations and confirm them with numerical integrations. Namely, unstable up-down binaries approach mergers with the two spins coaligned with each other and equally misaligned with the orbital angular momentum. Merging up-down binaries relevant to LIGO/Virgo and LISA may be detected in these endpoint configurations if the instability onset occurs prior to the sensitivity threshold of the detector. As a by-product, we obtain new generic results on binary black hole spin-orbit resonances at 2nd~post-Newtonian order. We finally apply these findings to a simple astrophysical population of binary black holes where a formation mechanism aligns the spins without preference for co- or counteralignment, as might be the case for stellar-mass black holes embedded in the accretion disk of a supermassive black hole.
2106.00558
Samuele Marco Silveravalle
Alfio Bonanno and Samuele Silveravalle
The gravitational field of a star in quadratic gravity
18 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
JCAP 08 (2021) 050
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/08/050
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The characterization of the gravitational field of isolated objects is still an open question in quadratic theories of gravity. We study static equilibrium solutions for a self-gravitating fluid in extensions of General Relativity including terms quadratic in the Weyl tensor $C_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}$ and in the Ricci scalar $R$, as suggested by one-loop corrections to classical gravity. By the means of a shooting method procedure we link the total gravitational mass and the strength of the Yukawa corrections associated with the quadratic terms with the fluid properties at the center. It is shown that the inclusion of the $C_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}C^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}$ coupling in the lagrangian has a much stronger impact than the $R^2$ correction in the determination of the radius and of the maximum mass of a compact object. We also suggest that the ambiguity in the definition of mass in quadratic gravity theories can conveniently be exploited to detect deviations from standard General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Jun 2021 15:18:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Jul 2021 12:29:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-08-26
[ [ "Bonanno", "Alfio", "" ], [ "Silveravalle", "Samuele", "" ] ]
The characterization of the gravitational field of isolated objects is still an open question in quadratic theories of gravity. We study static equilibrium solutions for a self-gravitating fluid in extensions of General Relativity including terms quadratic in the Weyl tensor $C_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}$ and in the Ricci scalar $R$, as suggested by one-loop corrections to classical gravity. By the means of a shooting method procedure we link the total gravitational mass and the strength of the Yukawa corrections associated with the quadratic terms with the fluid properties at the center. It is shown that the inclusion of the $C_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}C^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}$ coupling in the lagrangian has a much stronger impact than the $R^2$ correction in the determination of the radius and of the maximum mass of a compact object. We also suggest that the ambiguity in the definition of mass in quadratic gravity theories can conveniently be exploited to detect deviations from standard General Relativity.
2307.12541
Carla Cederbaum
Carla Cederbaum and Melanie Graf
Coordinates are messy -- not only in General Relativity
This article will appear in Gravity, Cosmology, and Astrophysics -- A Journey of Exploration and Discovery with Female Pioneers (editors Betti Hartmann, Jutta Kunz), Springer 2023, https://link.springer.com/book/9783031420979
null
null
null
gr-qc math.AP math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The coordinate freedom of General Relativity makes it challenging to find mathematically rigorous and physically sound definitions for physical quantities such as the center of mass of an isolated gravitating system. We will argue that a similar phenomenon occurs in Newtonian Gravity once one ahistorically drops the restriction that one should only work in Cartesian coordinates when studying Newtonian Gravity. This will also shed light on the nature of the challenge of defining the center of mass in General Relativity. Relatedly, we will give explicit examples of asymptotically Euclidean relativistic initial data sets which do not satisfy the Regge--Teitelboim parity conditions often used to achieve a satisfactory definition of center of mass. These originate in our joint work with Jan Metzger. This will require appealing to Bartnik's asymptotic harmonic coordinates.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Jul 2023 06:09:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-07-25
[ [ "Cederbaum", "Carla", "" ], [ "Graf", "Melanie", "" ] ]
The coordinate freedom of General Relativity makes it challenging to find mathematically rigorous and physically sound definitions for physical quantities such as the center of mass of an isolated gravitating system. We will argue that a similar phenomenon occurs in Newtonian Gravity once one ahistorically drops the restriction that one should only work in Cartesian coordinates when studying Newtonian Gravity. This will also shed light on the nature of the challenge of defining the center of mass in General Relativity. Relatedly, we will give explicit examples of asymptotically Euclidean relativistic initial data sets which do not satisfy the Regge--Teitelboim parity conditions often used to achieve a satisfactory definition of center of mass. These originate in our joint work with Jan Metzger. This will require appealing to Bartnik's asymptotic harmonic coordinates.
1801.08473
Maur\'icio Richartz
Sam Patrick, Antonin Coutant, Mauricio Richartz, Silke Weinfurtner
Black hole quasibound states from a draining bathtub vortex flow
Published as Editors' Suggestion in Physical Review Letters. v2: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 061101 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.061101
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quasinormal modes are a set of damped resonances that describe how an excited open system is driven back to equilibrium. In gravitational physics these modes characterise the ringdown of a perturbed black hole, e.g. following a binary black hole merger. A careful analysis of the ringdown spectrum reveals the properties of the black hole, such as its angular momentum and mass. In more complex gravitational systems the spectrum might depend on more parameters, and hence allows us to search for new physics. In this letter we present a hydrodynamic analogue of a rotating black hole, that illustrates how the presence of extra structure affects the quasinormal mode spectrum. The analogy is obtained by considering wave scattering on a draining bathtub vortex flow. We show that due to vorticity of the background flow, the resulting field theory corresponds to a scalar field on an effective curved spacetime which acquires a local mass in the vortex core. The obtained quasinormal mode spectrum exhibits long-lived trapped modes, commonly known as quasibound states. Our findings can be tested in future experiments, building up on recent successful implementations of analogue rotating black holes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Jan 2018 16:25:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Aug 2018 19:12:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-08-09
[ [ "Patrick", "Sam", "" ], [ "Coutant", "Antonin", "" ], [ "Richartz", "Mauricio", "" ], [ "Weinfurtner", "Silke", "" ] ]
Quasinormal modes are a set of damped resonances that describe how an excited open system is driven back to equilibrium. In gravitational physics these modes characterise the ringdown of a perturbed black hole, e.g. following a binary black hole merger. A careful analysis of the ringdown spectrum reveals the properties of the black hole, such as its angular momentum and mass. In more complex gravitational systems the spectrum might depend on more parameters, and hence allows us to search for new physics. In this letter we present a hydrodynamic analogue of a rotating black hole, that illustrates how the presence of extra structure affects the quasinormal mode spectrum. The analogy is obtained by considering wave scattering on a draining bathtub vortex flow. We show that due to vorticity of the background flow, the resulting field theory corresponds to a scalar field on an effective curved spacetime which acquires a local mass in the vortex core. The obtained quasinormal mode spectrum exhibits long-lived trapped modes, commonly known as quasibound states. Our findings can be tested in future experiments, building up on recent successful implementations of analogue rotating black holes.
1204.4593
Nicola Tamanini
Nicola Tamanini and Christian G. Boehmer
Good and bad tetrads in f(T) gravity
25 pages
Physical Review D86 (2012) 044009
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.044009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the importance of choosing good tetrads for the study of the field equations of $f(T)$ gravity. It is well known that this theory is not invariant under local Lorentz transformations, and therefore the choice of tetrad plays a crucial role in such models. Different tetrads will lead to different field equations which in turn have different solutions. We suggest to speak of a good tetrad if it imposes no restrictions on the form of $f(T)$. Employing local rotations, we construct good tetrads in the context of homogeneity and isotropy, and spherical symmetry, where we show how to find Schwarzschild-de Sitter solutions in vacuum. Our principal approach should be applicable to other symmetries as well.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Apr 2012 11:59:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-11-13
[ [ "Tamanini", "Nicola", "" ], [ "Boehmer", "Christian G.", "" ] ]
We investigate the importance of choosing good tetrads for the study of the field equations of $f(T)$ gravity. It is well known that this theory is not invariant under local Lorentz transformations, and therefore the choice of tetrad plays a crucial role in such models. Different tetrads will lead to different field equations which in turn have different solutions. We suggest to speak of a good tetrad if it imposes no restrictions on the form of $f(T)$. Employing local rotations, we construct good tetrads in the context of homogeneity and isotropy, and spherical symmetry, where we show how to find Schwarzschild-de Sitter solutions in vacuum. Our principal approach should be applicable to other symmetries as well.
2207.01467
Benrong Mu
Siyuan Hui, Benrong Mu and Jun Tao
Joule-Thomson expansion of the lower-dimensional black hole in rainbow gravity
14 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we extend Joule-Thomson expansion to the low-dimensional regime in rainbow gravity by considering the rainbow rotating BTZ metric in the (2+1)-dimensional spacetime. After the metric of the black hole is obtained, we get the Joule-Thomson expansion of the black hole, including the Joule-Thomson coefficient, inversion curves, and isenthalpic curves. We find that a rainbow rotating BTZ black hole does not have $P-V$ critical behavior. The effects of rainbow gravity are to slow down the trend of the increase of the Joule-Thomson coefficient and make its zero point larger. Moreover, the rainbow gravity slows down the inverse temperature of the black hole, meaning that a rainbow rotating BTZ black hole tends to change its heating or cooling action at a lower temperature, which can be attributed to the topology of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Jul 2022 14:55:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-07-05
[ [ "Hui", "Siyuan", "" ], [ "Mu", "Benrong", "" ], [ "Tao", "Jun", "" ] ]
In this paper, we extend Joule-Thomson expansion to the low-dimensional regime in rainbow gravity by considering the rainbow rotating BTZ metric in the (2+1)-dimensional spacetime. After the metric of the black hole is obtained, we get the Joule-Thomson expansion of the black hole, including the Joule-Thomson coefficient, inversion curves, and isenthalpic curves. We find that a rainbow rotating BTZ black hole does not have $P-V$ critical behavior. The effects of rainbow gravity are to slow down the trend of the increase of the Joule-Thomson coefficient and make its zero point larger. Moreover, the rainbow gravity slows down the inverse temperature of the black hole, meaning that a rainbow rotating BTZ black hole tends to change its heating or cooling action at a lower temperature, which can be attributed to the topology of the black hole.
2208.13956
Abdallah Al Zahrani M.
A. M. Al Zahrani
Circular orbits of Charged Particles around a Weakly Charged and Magnetized Schwarzschild Black Hole
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.084008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the circular orbits of charged particles around a weakly charged Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a weak, axisymmetric magnetic field. We start by reviewing the circular orbits of neutral particles and charged particles around only weakly charged and only weakly magnetized black holes. The case of a weakly magnetized and charged black hole is investigated then. In particular, we study the effect of the electromagnetic forces on the charged particles innermost stable circular orbits. We show that negative energy stable circular orbits are possible and that two bands of charged particles circular orbits, separated by a gap of no stable circular orbits can exist. The astrophysical aspects of our findings are discussed too.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Aug 2022 02:12:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-31
[ [ "Zahrani", "A. M. Al", "" ] ]
We study the circular orbits of charged particles around a weakly charged Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a weak, axisymmetric magnetic field. We start by reviewing the circular orbits of neutral particles and charged particles around only weakly charged and only weakly magnetized black holes. The case of a weakly magnetized and charged black hole is investigated then. In particular, we study the effect of the electromagnetic forces on the charged particles innermost stable circular orbits. We show that negative energy stable circular orbits are possible and that two bands of charged particles circular orbits, separated by a gap of no stable circular orbits can exist. The astrophysical aspects of our findings are discussed too.
0707.0635
E. Canessa
E. Canessa
Possible Connection between Probability, Spacetime Geometry and Quantum Mechanics
in press
PhysicaA385:185-190,2007
10.1016/j.physa.2007.06.006
null
gr-qc cond-mat.other quant-ph
null
Following our discussion [Physica A, 375 (2007) 123] to associate an analogous probabilistic description with spacetime geometry in the Schwarzschild metric from the macro- to the micro-domain, we argue that there is a possible connection among normalized probabilities, spacetime geometry (in the form of Schwarzschild radii) and quantum mechanics (in the form of complex wave functions). We show how this association along different (n)-nested surfaces --representing curve space due to an inhomogeneous density of matter-- preserves the postulates of quantum mechanics at different geometrical scales.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Jul 2007 15:26:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Canessa", "E.", "" ] ]
Following our discussion [Physica A, 375 (2007) 123] to associate an analogous probabilistic description with spacetime geometry in the Schwarzschild metric from the macro- to the micro-domain, we argue that there is a possible connection among normalized probabilities, spacetime geometry (in the form of Schwarzschild radii) and quantum mechanics (in the form of complex wave functions). We show how this association along different (n)-nested surfaces --representing curve space due to an inhomogeneous density of matter-- preserves the postulates of quantum mechanics at different geometrical scales.
1801.03208
Emanuele Berti
Emanuele Berti, Kent Yagi, Nicol\'as Yunes
Extreme Gravity Tests with Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescences: (I) Inspiral-Merger
46 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables. Review paper to appear in the General Relativity and Gravitation (GRG) Topical Collection "Testing the Kerr spacetime with gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations" (Guest Editor: Emanuele Berti). Added two figures and some references. Matches version published in GRG and selected as "Editor's Choice"
null
10.1007/s10714-018-2362-8
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The observation of the inspiral and merger of compact binaries by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration ushered in a new era in the study of strong-field gravity. We review current and future tests of strong gravity and of the Kerr paradigm with gravitational-wave interferometers, both within a theory-agnostic framework (the parametrized post-Einsteinian formalism) and in the context of specific modified theories of gravity (scalar-tensor, Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet, dynamical Chern-Simons, Lorentz-violating, and extra dimensional theories). In this contribution we focus on (i) the information carried by the inspiral radiation, and (ii) recent progress in numerical simulations of compact binary mergers in modified gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Jan 2018 01:23:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 4 Apr 2018 21:09:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-04-06
[ [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Yagi", "Kent", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolás", "" ] ]
The observation of the inspiral and merger of compact binaries by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration ushered in a new era in the study of strong-field gravity. We review current and future tests of strong gravity and of the Kerr paradigm with gravitational-wave interferometers, both within a theory-agnostic framework (the parametrized post-Einsteinian formalism) and in the context of specific modified theories of gravity (scalar-tensor, Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet, dynamical Chern-Simons, Lorentz-violating, and extra dimensional theories). In this contribution we focus on (i) the information carried by the inspiral radiation, and (ii) recent progress in numerical simulations of compact binary mergers in modified gravity.
gr-qc/0609072
Michael Edmund Tobar
Paul L. Stanwix, Michael E. Tobar, Peter Wolf, Clayton R. Locke, Eugene N. Ivanov
Improved test of Lorentz Invariance in Electrodynamics using Rotating Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators
Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D74:081101,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.081101
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph physics.ins-det
null
We present new results from our test of Lorentz invariance, which compares two orthogonal cryogenic sapphire microwave oscillators rotating in the lab. We have now acquired over 1 year of data, allowing us to avoid the short data set approximation (less than 1 year) that assumes no cancelation occurs between the $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}$ and $\tilde{\kappa}_{o+}$ parameters from the photon sector of the standard model extension. Thus, we are able to place independent limits on all eight $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}$ and $\tilde{\kappa}_{o+}$ parameters. Our results represents up to a factor of 10 improvement over previous non rotating measurements (which independently constrained 7 parameters), and is a slight improvement (except for $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}^{ZZ}$) over results from previous rotating experiments that assumed the short data set approximation. Also, an analysis in the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl framework allows us to place a new limit on the isotropy parameter $P_{MM}=\delta-\beta+{1/2}$ of $9.4(8.1)\times10^{-11}$, an improvement of a factor of 2.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Sep 2006 16:15:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Oct 2006 05:42:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Stanwix", "Paul L.", "" ], [ "Tobar", "Michael E.", "" ], [ "Wolf", "Peter", "" ], [ "Locke", "Clayton R.", "" ], [ "Ivanov", "Eugene N.", "" ] ]
We present new results from our test of Lorentz invariance, which compares two orthogonal cryogenic sapphire microwave oscillators rotating in the lab. We have now acquired over 1 year of data, allowing us to avoid the short data set approximation (less than 1 year) that assumes no cancelation occurs between the $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}$ and $\tilde{\kappa}_{o+}$ parameters from the photon sector of the standard model extension. Thus, we are able to place independent limits on all eight $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}$ and $\tilde{\kappa}_{o+}$ parameters. Our results represents up to a factor of 10 improvement over previous non rotating measurements (which independently constrained 7 parameters), and is a slight improvement (except for $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}^{ZZ}$) over results from previous rotating experiments that assumed the short data set approximation. Also, an analysis in the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl framework allows us to place a new limit on the isotropy parameter $P_{MM}=\delta-\beta+{1/2}$ of $9.4(8.1)\times10^{-11}$, an improvement of a factor of 2.
0811.1573
Guglielmo Fucci
Ivan G. Avramidi and Guglielmo Fucci
A Model for the Pioneer Anomaly
LaTeX, 12 pages
Can. J. Phys. 87: 1089-1093 (2009)
10.1139/P09-076
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a previous work we showed that massive test particles exhibit a non-geodesic acceleration in a modified theory of gravity obtained by a non-commutative deformation of General Relativity (so-called Matrix Gravity). We propose that this non-geodesic acceleration might be the origin of the anomalous acceleration experienced by the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 spacecrafts.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Nov 2008 20:56:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-12-10
[ [ "Avramidi", "Ivan G.", "" ], [ "Fucci", "Guglielmo", "" ] ]
In a previous work we showed that massive test particles exhibit a non-geodesic acceleration in a modified theory of gravity obtained by a non-commutative deformation of General Relativity (so-called Matrix Gravity). We propose that this non-geodesic acceleration might be the origin of the anomalous acceleration experienced by the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 spacecrafts.
2208.02768
Konstantin Eder
Konstantin Eder, Hanno Sahlmann
Chiral loop quantum supergravity and black hole entropy
7 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2204.01661
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent work has shown that local supersymmetry on a spacetime boundary in $\mathcal{N}$-extended AdS supergravity in chiral variables implies coupling to a boundary $\mathrm{OSp}(\mathcal{N}|2)_{\mathbb{C}}$ super Chern-Simons theory. We propose a way to calculate the entropy $S$ for the boundary, in the supersymmetric version of loop quantum gravity, for the minimal case $\mathcal{N}=1$. We calculate the dimensions of the quantum state spaces of $\mathrm{UOSp}(1|2)$ super Chern-Simons theory with punctures, and analytically continue, for fixed quantum super area of the surface, to $\mathrm{OSp}(1|2)_{\mathbb{C}}$. We find $S = a_H/4$ for large areas and determine the subleading correction.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Aug 2022 16:58:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-05
[ [ "Eder", "Konstantin", "" ], [ "Sahlmann", "Hanno", "" ] ]
Recent work has shown that local supersymmetry on a spacetime boundary in $\mathcal{N}$-extended AdS supergravity in chiral variables implies coupling to a boundary $\mathrm{OSp}(\mathcal{N}|2)_{\mathbb{C}}$ super Chern-Simons theory. We propose a way to calculate the entropy $S$ for the boundary, in the supersymmetric version of loop quantum gravity, for the minimal case $\mathcal{N}=1$. We calculate the dimensions of the quantum state spaces of $\mathrm{UOSp}(1|2)$ super Chern-Simons theory with punctures, and analytically continue, for fixed quantum super area of the surface, to $\mathrm{OSp}(1|2)_{\mathbb{C}}$. We find $S = a_H/4$ for large areas and determine the subleading correction.
1907.07622
Matthew Fox
Matthew S. Fox
Multipole Hair of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini Black Holes
11 pages; v2/v3: small revisions; accepted to JMP
J. Math. Phys. 60, 102502 (2019)
10.1063/1.5124502
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the field of an electric point charge that is slowly lowered into an $n + 1$ dimensional Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole. We find that if $n > 3$, then countably infinite nonzero multipole moments manifest to observers outside the event horizon as the charge falls in. This suggests the final state of the black hole is not characterized by a Reissner-Nordstr\"om-Tangherlini geometry. Instead, for odd $n$, the final state either possesses a degenerate horizon, undergoes a discontinuous topological transformation during the infall of the charge, or both. For even $n$, the final state is not guaranteed to be asymptotically-flat.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Jul 2019 16:24:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Jul 2019 16:49:11 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Sep 2019 03:01:49 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-03-30
[ [ "Fox", "Matthew S.", "" ] ]
We study the field of an electric point charge that is slowly lowered into an $n + 1$ dimensional Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole. We find that if $n > 3$, then countably infinite nonzero multipole moments manifest to observers outside the event horizon as the charge falls in. This suggests the final state of the black hole is not characterized by a Reissner-Nordstr\"om-Tangherlini geometry. Instead, for odd $n$, the final state either possesses a degenerate horizon, undergoes a discontinuous topological transformation during the infall of the charge, or both. For even $n$, the final state is not guaranteed to be asymptotically-flat.
1907.09473
J. Brian Pitts
J. Brian Pitts
What Are Observables in Hamiltonian Einstein-Maxwell Theory?
Forthcoming in _Foundations of Physics_
Foundations of Physics 49 (2019) pp. 786-796
10.1007/s10701-019-00284-w
null
gr-qc hep-th physics.hist-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Is change missing in Hamiltonian Einstein-Maxwell theory? Given the most common definition of observables (having weakly vanishing Poisson bracket with each first-class constraint), observables are constants of the motion and nonlocal. Unfortunately this definition also implies that the observables for massive electromagnetism with gauge freedom (Stueckelberg) are inequivalent to those of massive electromagnetism without gauge freedom (Proca). The alternative Pons-Salisbury-Sundermeyer definition of observables, aiming for Hamiltonian-Lagrangian equivalence, uses the gauge generator G, a tuned sum of first-class constraints, rather than each first-class constraint separately, and implies equivalent observables for equivalent massive electromagnetisms. For General Relativity, G generates 4-dimensional Lie derivatives for solutions. The Lie derivative compares different space-time points with the same coordinate value in different coordinate systems, like 1 a.m. summer time vs. 1 a.m. standard time, so a vanishing Lie derivative implies constancy rather than covariance. Requiring equivalent observables for equivalent formulations of massive gravity confirms that $G$ must generate the $4$-dimensional Lie derivative (not $0$) for observables. These separate results indicate that observables are invariant under internal gauge symmetries but covariant under external gauge symmetries, but can this bifurcated definition work for mixed theories such as Einstein-Maxwell theory? Pons, Salisbury and Shepley have studied $G$ for Einstein-Yang-Mills. For Einstein-Maxwell, both $F_{\mu\nu}$ and $g_{\mu\nu}$ are invariant under electromagnetic gauge transformations and covariant (changing by a Lie derivative) under $4$-dimensional coordinate transformations. Using the bifurcated definition, these quantities count as observables, as one would expect on non-Hamiltonian grounds.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Jul 2019 09:45:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-09-16
[ [ "Pitts", "J. Brian", "" ] ]
Is change missing in Hamiltonian Einstein-Maxwell theory? Given the most common definition of observables (having weakly vanishing Poisson bracket with each first-class constraint), observables are constants of the motion and nonlocal. Unfortunately this definition also implies that the observables for massive electromagnetism with gauge freedom (Stueckelberg) are inequivalent to those of massive electromagnetism without gauge freedom (Proca). The alternative Pons-Salisbury-Sundermeyer definition of observables, aiming for Hamiltonian-Lagrangian equivalence, uses the gauge generator G, a tuned sum of first-class constraints, rather than each first-class constraint separately, and implies equivalent observables for equivalent massive electromagnetisms. For General Relativity, G generates 4-dimensional Lie derivatives for solutions. The Lie derivative compares different space-time points with the same coordinate value in different coordinate systems, like 1 a.m. summer time vs. 1 a.m. standard time, so a vanishing Lie derivative implies constancy rather than covariance. Requiring equivalent observables for equivalent formulations of massive gravity confirms that $G$ must generate the $4$-dimensional Lie derivative (not $0$) for observables. These separate results indicate that observables are invariant under internal gauge symmetries but covariant under external gauge symmetries, but can this bifurcated definition work for mixed theories such as Einstein-Maxwell theory? Pons, Salisbury and Shepley have studied $G$ for Einstein-Yang-Mills. For Einstein-Maxwell, both $F_{\mu\nu}$ and $g_{\mu\nu}$ are invariant under electromagnetic gauge transformations and covariant (changing by a Lie derivative) under $4$-dimensional coordinate transformations. Using the bifurcated definition, these quantities count as observables, as one would expect on non-Hamiltonian grounds.
2204.10299
Alessandro Nagar
Seth Hopper, Alessandro Nagar, and Piero Rettegno
Strong-field scattering of two spinning black holes: Numerics versus Analytics
9 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.124034
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present new Numerical Relativity calculations of the scattering angle $\chi$ between two, equal-mass, black holes on hyperbolic-like orbits. We build upon previous work considering, for the first time, spinning black holes, with equal spins either aligned or antialigned with the orbital angular momentum. We detail the numerical techniques used in the computation of $\chi$. Special care is taken in estimating error uncertainties on the quantities computed. The numerical values are compared with analytical predictions obtained using a new, state-of-the-art, effective one body model valid on generic orbits that incorporates post-Newtonian analytic information up to 5PN in the nonspinning, conservative sector and that has been additionally informed by Numerical Relativity simulations of quasi-circular coalescing black hole binaries. Our results indicate that the spin sector of the analytic model should be improved further in order to achieve satisfactory consistency with the most relativistic spinning configurations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Apr 2022 17:33:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Apr 2022 11:13:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-06-28
[ [ "Hopper", "Seth", "" ], [ "Nagar", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Rettegno", "Piero", "" ] ]
We present new Numerical Relativity calculations of the scattering angle $\chi$ between two, equal-mass, black holes on hyperbolic-like orbits. We build upon previous work considering, for the first time, spinning black holes, with equal spins either aligned or antialigned with the orbital angular momentum. We detail the numerical techniques used in the computation of $\chi$. Special care is taken in estimating error uncertainties on the quantities computed. The numerical values are compared with analytical predictions obtained using a new, state-of-the-art, effective one body model valid on generic orbits that incorporates post-Newtonian analytic information up to 5PN in the nonspinning, conservative sector and that has been additionally informed by Numerical Relativity simulations of quasi-circular coalescing black hole binaries. Our results indicate that the spin sector of the analytic model should be improved further in order to achieve satisfactory consistency with the most relativistic spinning configurations.
gr-qc/0404005
Martin Tajmar
M. Tajmar, K. Hense, K. Marhold, C.J. de Matos
Weight Measurements of High-Temperature Superconductors during Phase Transition in Stationary, Non-Stationary Condition and under ELF Radiation
Version as appeared in the STAIF conference proceedings. Received Best Paper Award
Edited by El-Genk, M.S., "Proceedings of the Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF-2005)", AIP Conference Proceedings 746, Issue 1, American Institute of Physics, New York, 2005, pp. 1290-1297
10.1063/1.1867257
null
gr-qc
null
There have been a number of claims in the literature about gravity shielding effects of superconductors and more recently on the weight reduction of superconductors passing through their critical temperature. We report several experiments to test the weight of superconductors under various conditions. First, we report tests on the weight of YBCO and BSCCO high temperature superconductors passing through their critical temperature. No anomaly was found within the equipment accuracy ruling out claimed anomalies by Rounds and Reiss. Our experiments extend the accuracy of previous measurements by two orders of magnitude. In addition, for the first time, the weight of a rotating YBCO superconductor was measured. Also in this case, no weight anomaly could be seen within the accuracy of the equipment used. In addition, also weight measurements of a BSCCO superconductor subjected to extremely-low-frequency (ELF) radiation have been done to test a claim of weight reduction under these conditions by De Aquino, and again, no unusual behavior was found. These measurements put new important boundaries on any inertial effect connected with superconductivity - and consequently on possible space related applications.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2004 10:26:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Apr 2004 07:54:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Jul 2006 22:51:55 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Tajmar", "M.", "" ], [ "Hense", "K.", "" ], [ "Marhold", "K.", "" ], [ "de Matos", "C. J.", "" ] ]
There have been a number of claims in the literature about gravity shielding effects of superconductors and more recently on the weight reduction of superconductors passing through their critical temperature. We report several experiments to test the weight of superconductors under various conditions. First, we report tests on the weight of YBCO and BSCCO high temperature superconductors passing through their critical temperature. No anomaly was found within the equipment accuracy ruling out claimed anomalies by Rounds and Reiss. Our experiments extend the accuracy of previous measurements by two orders of magnitude. In addition, for the first time, the weight of a rotating YBCO superconductor was measured. Also in this case, no weight anomaly could be seen within the accuracy of the equipment used. In addition, also weight measurements of a BSCCO superconductor subjected to extremely-low-frequency (ELF) radiation have been done to test a claim of weight reduction under these conditions by De Aquino, and again, no unusual behavior was found. These measurements put new important boundaries on any inertial effect connected with superconductivity - and consequently on possible space related applications.
2312.16866
Allah Ditta
G. Mustafa, Allah Ditta, Saadia Mumtaz, S.K. Maurya, De\u{g}er Sofuo\u{g}lu
Study on physical properties and maximum mass limit of Finch-Skea anisotropic model under Karmarkar condition in $f(Q)$-gravity
16 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The primary objective of this work is to study the dynamical characteristics of an anisotropic compact star model with spherical symmetry. This investigation is conducted in the framework of $f(Q)$ modified gravity. To simplify the calculations, we employ the Karmarkar condition and derive a differential equation that establishes a relationship between two crucial components of the spacetime namely $e^\nu$ and $e^\lambda$. Additionally, we incorporate the well-known Finch-Skea structure as the component representing $g_{rr}$ and subsequently find the resulting form of the component $g_{tt}$ from the relation of metric functions to formulate the precise solutions for the stellar structure. To assess the behavior of the anisotropic fluid and stability of the compact star, we use the observed values of mass and radius for the compact star model $PSR J0437-4715$. The graphical analysis depicts that the stellar structure possesses physical viability and exhibits intriguing properties. Furthermore, we predicted the mass-radius relation along with the maximum mass limit of several objects for different parameter values by assuming two different surface densities. It is discovered that the compactness rises when density increases.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Dec 2023 07:26:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-12-29
[ [ "Mustafa", "G.", "" ], [ "Ditta", "Allah", "" ], [ "Mumtaz", "Saadia", "" ], [ "Maurya", "S. K.", "" ], [ "Sofuoğlu", "Değer", "" ] ]
The primary objective of this work is to study the dynamical characteristics of an anisotropic compact star model with spherical symmetry. This investigation is conducted in the framework of $f(Q)$ modified gravity. To simplify the calculations, we employ the Karmarkar condition and derive a differential equation that establishes a relationship between two crucial components of the spacetime namely $e^\nu$ and $e^\lambda$. Additionally, we incorporate the well-known Finch-Skea structure as the component representing $g_{rr}$ and subsequently find the resulting form of the component $g_{tt}$ from the relation of metric functions to formulate the precise solutions for the stellar structure. To assess the behavior of the anisotropic fluid and stability of the compact star, we use the observed values of mass and radius for the compact star model $PSR J0437-4715$. The graphical analysis depicts that the stellar structure possesses physical viability and exhibits intriguing properties. Furthermore, we predicted the mass-radius relation along with the maximum mass limit of several objects for different parameter values by assuming two different surface densities. It is discovered that the compactness rises when density increases.
2308.15776
Orlando Luongo
Peter K. S. Dunsby, Orlando Luongo, Marco Muccino
Unifying the dark sector through a single matter fluid with non-zero pressure
15 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore a generalised unified dark energy model that incorporates a non-minimal interaction between a tachyonic fluid and an additional scalar field. Specifically, we require that the second field possesses a vacuum energy, introducing an ineliminable offset due to a symmetry-breaking mechanism. After the transition (occurring as due to the symmetry-breaking mechanism of the second field), the corresponding equation of state (EoS) takes the form of a combination between a generalised Chaplygin gas (GCG) component and a cosmological constant contribution. We reinterpret this outcome by drawing parallels to the so-called Murnaghan EoS, widely-employed in the realm of solid-state physics to characterise fluids that, under external pressure, counteract the pressure's effect. We examine the dynamic behaviour of this model and highlight its key distinctions compared to the GCG model. We establish parameter bounds that clarifies the model's evolution across cosmic expansion history, showing that it, precisely, exhibits behaviour akin to a logotropic fluid that eventually converges to the $\Lambda$CDM model in the early universe, while behaving as a logotropic or Chaplygin gas at intermediate and late times respectively. We explain our findings from a thermodynamic perspective, and determine the small perturbations in the linear regime. At very early times, the growth factor flattens as expected while the main departures occur at late times, where the Murnagham EoS results in a more efficient growth of perturbations. We discuss this deviation in view of current observations and conclude that our model is a suitable alternative to the standard cosmological paradigm, introducing the concept of a matter-like field with non-zero pressure.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Aug 2023 06:07:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-31
[ [ "Dunsby", "Peter K. S.", "" ], [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ], [ "Muccino", "Marco", "" ] ]
We explore a generalised unified dark energy model that incorporates a non-minimal interaction between a tachyonic fluid and an additional scalar field. Specifically, we require that the second field possesses a vacuum energy, introducing an ineliminable offset due to a symmetry-breaking mechanism. After the transition (occurring as due to the symmetry-breaking mechanism of the second field), the corresponding equation of state (EoS) takes the form of a combination between a generalised Chaplygin gas (GCG) component and a cosmological constant contribution. We reinterpret this outcome by drawing parallels to the so-called Murnaghan EoS, widely-employed in the realm of solid-state physics to characterise fluids that, under external pressure, counteract the pressure's effect. We examine the dynamic behaviour of this model and highlight its key distinctions compared to the GCG model. We establish parameter bounds that clarifies the model's evolution across cosmic expansion history, showing that it, precisely, exhibits behaviour akin to a logotropic fluid that eventually converges to the $\Lambda$CDM model in the early universe, while behaving as a logotropic or Chaplygin gas at intermediate and late times respectively. We explain our findings from a thermodynamic perspective, and determine the small perturbations in the linear regime. At very early times, the growth factor flattens as expected while the main departures occur at late times, where the Murnagham EoS results in a more efficient growth of perturbations. We discuss this deviation in view of current observations and conclude that our model is a suitable alternative to the standard cosmological paradigm, introducing the concept of a matter-like field with non-zero pressure.
1103.0543
Abraham Harte
Abraham I. Harte
Mechanics of extended masses in general relativity
39 pages, 2 figures; fixed equation satisfied by the Green function used to construct the effective metric
Class. Quantum Grav. 29, 055012 (2012)
10.1088/0264-9381/29/5/055012
AEI-2011-010
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The "external" or "bulk" motion of extended bodies is studied in general relativity. Compact material objects of essentially arbitrary shape, spin, internal composition, and velocity are allowed as long as there is no direct (non-gravitational) contact with other sources of stress-energy. Physically reasonable linear and angular momenta are proposed for such bodies and exact equations describing their evolution are derived. Changes in the momenta depend on a certain "effective metric" that is closely related to a non-perturbative generalization of the Detweiler-Whiting R-field originally introduced in the self-force literature. If the effective metric inside a self-gravitating body can be adequately approximated by an appropriate power series, the instantaneous gravitational force and torque exerted on it is shown to be identical to the force and torque exerted on an appropriate test body moving in the effective metric. This result holds to all multipole orders. The only instantaneous effect of a body's self-field is to finitely renormalize the "bare" multipole moments of its stress-energy tensor. The MiSaTaQuWa expression for the gravitational self-force is recovered as a simple application. A gravitational self-torque is obtained as well. Lastly, it is shown that the effective metric in which objects appear to move is approximately a solution to the vacuum Einstein equation if the physical metric is an approximate solution to Einstein's equation linearized about a vacuum background.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Mar 2011 20:58:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Mar 2011 17:19:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Sep 2011 15:51:59 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Jun 2012 13:54:05 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2012-06-07
[ [ "Harte", "Abraham I.", "" ] ]
The "external" or "bulk" motion of extended bodies is studied in general relativity. Compact material objects of essentially arbitrary shape, spin, internal composition, and velocity are allowed as long as there is no direct (non-gravitational) contact with other sources of stress-energy. Physically reasonable linear and angular momenta are proposed for such bodies and exact equations describing their evolution are derived. Changes in the momenta depend on a certain "effective metric" that is closely related to a non-perturbative generalization of the Detweiler-Whiting R-field originally introduced in the self-force literature. If the effective metric inside a self-gravitating body can be adequately approximated by an appropriate power series, the instantaneous gravitational force and torque exerted on it is shown to be identical to the force and torque exerted on an appropriate test body moving in the effective metric. This result holds to all multipole orders. The only instantaneous effect of a body's self-field is to finitely renormalize the "bare" multipole moments of its stress-energy tensor. The MiSaTaQuWa expression for the gravitational self-force is recovered as a simple application. A gravitational self-torque is obtained as well. Lastly, it is shown that the effective metric in which objects appear to move is approximately a solution to the vacuum Einstein equation if the physical metric is an approximate solution to Einstein's equation linearized about a vacuum background.
0902.1170
John W. Barrett
John W. Barrett, R.J. Dowdall, Winston J. Fairbairn, Henrique Gomes, Frank Hellmann
Asymptotic analysis of the EPRL four-simplex amplitude
v2: improved presentation, typos corrected, refs added; results unchanged
J.Math.Phys.50:112504,2009
10.1063/1.3244218
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The semiclassical limit of a 4-simplex amplitude for a spin foam quantum gravity model with an Immirzi parameter is studied. If the boundary state represents a non-degenerate 4-simplex geometry, the asymptotic formula contains the Regge action for general relativity. A canonical choice of phase for the boundary state is introduced and is shown to be necessary to obtain the results.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Feb 2009 20:57:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Apr 2009 23:42:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-01-15
[ [ "Barrett", "John W.", "" ], [ "Dowdall", "R. J.", "" ], [ "Fairbairn", "Winston J.", "" ], [ "Gomes", "Henrique", "" ], [ "Hellmann", "Frank", "" ] ]
The semiclassical limit of a 4-simplex amplitude for a spin foam quantum gravity model with an Immirzi parameter is studied. If the boundary state represents a non-degenerate 4-simplex geometry, the asymptotic formula contains the Regge action for general relativity. A canonical choice of phase for the boundary state is introduced and is shown to be necessary to obtain the results.
1709.07275
Baocheng Zhang
Baocheng Zhang
On the entropy associated with the interior of a black hole
null
Physics Letters B 773 (2017) 644-646
10.1016/j.physletb.2017.09.035
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The investigation about the volume of a black hole is closely related to the quantum nature of the black hole. The entropy is a significant concept for this. A recent work by Majhi and Samanta [Phys. Lett. B 770 (2017) 314] after us presented a similar conclusion that the entropy associated with the volume is proportional to the surface area of the black hole, but the proportionality coefficient is different from our earlier result. In this paper, we clarify the difference and show that their calculation is unrelated to the interior of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Sep 2017 12:05:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-09-22
[ [ "Zhang", "Baocheng", "" ] ]
The investigation about the volume of a black hole is closely related to the quantum nature of the black hole. The entropy is a significant concept for this. A recent work by Majhi and Samanta [Phys. Lett. B 770 (2017) 314] after us presented a similar conclusion that the entropy associated with the volume is proportional to the surface area of the black hole, but the proportionality coefficient is different from our earlier result. In this paper, we clarify the difference and show that their calculation is unrelated to the interior of the black hole.
2307.00044
Nuno M. Santos
Pedro Ildefonso, Miguel Zilh\~ao, Carlos Herdeiro, Eugen Radu, Nuno M. Santos
Self-interacting dipolar boson stars and their dynamics
13 pages, 14 figures; movies of the numerical simulations reported can be found in http://gravitation.web.ua.pt/index.php/node/4488
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.064011
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct and dynamically evolve dipolar, self-interacting scalar boson stars in a model with sextic (+ quartic) self-interactions. The domain of existence of such dipolar $Q$-stars has a similar structure to that of the fundamental monopolar stars of the same model. For the latter it is structured in a Newtonian plus a relativistic branch, wherein perturbatively stable solutions exist, connected by a middle unstable branch. Our evolutions support similar dynamical properties of the dipolar $Q$-stars that: 1) in the Newtonian and relativistic branches are dynamically robust over time scales longer than those for which dipolar stars without self-interactions are seen to decay; 2) in the middle branch migrate to either the Newtonian or the relativistic branch; 3) beyond the relativistic branch decay to black holes. Overall, these results strengthen the observation, seen in other contexts, that self-interactions can mitigate dynamical instabilities of scalar boson star models.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Jun 2023 18:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-26
[ [ "Ildefonso", "Pedro", "" ], [ "Zilhão", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Herdeiro", "Carlos", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ], [ "Santos", "Nuno M.", "" ] ]
We construct and dynamically evolve dipolar, self-interacting scalar boson stars in a model with sextic (+ quartic) self-interactions. The domain of existence of such dipolar $Q$-stars has a similar structure to that of the fundamental monopolar stars of the same model. For the latter it is structured in a Newtonian plus a relativistic branch, wherein perturbatively stable solutions exist, connected by a middle unstable branch. Our evolutions support similar dynamical properties of the dipolar $Q$-stars that: 1) in the Newtonian and relativistic branches are dynamically robust over time scales longer than those for which dipolar stars without self-interactions are seen to decay; 2) in the middle branch migrate to either the Newtonian or the relativistic branch; 3) beyond the relativistic branch decay to black holes. Overall, these results strengthen the observation, seen in other contexts, that self-interactions can mitigate dynamical instabilities of scalar boson star models.
1405.1248
Philip D. Mannheim
Luca Fabbri and Philip D. Mannheim
Continuity of the torsionless limit as a selection rule for gravity theories with torsion
6 pages, revtex4. Final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 90, 024042 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.024042
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
While one can in principle augment gravity theory with torsion, it is generally thought that any such torsion affects would be too small to be of consequence. Here we show that this cannot in general be the case. We show that the limit of vanishing torsion is not necessarily a continuous one, with the theory obtained in the limit not necessarily coinciding with the theory in which torsion had never been present at all. However, for a standard torsion tensor that is antisymmetric in two of its indices we have found two cases in which the vanishing torsion limit is in fact continuous, namely Einstein gravity and conformal gravity. For other gravity theories of common interest to possess a continuous limit the torsion tensor would need to be antisymmetric in all three of its indices.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 May 2014 12:42:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Jun 2014 18:19:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-23
[ [ "Fabbri", "Luca", "" ], [ "Mannheim", "Philip D.", "" ] ]
While one can in principle augment gravity theory with torsion, it is generally thought that any such torsion affects would be too small to be of consequence. Here we show that this cannot in general be the case. We show that the limit of vanishing torsion is not necessarily a continuous one, with the theory obtained in the limit not necessarily coinciding with the theory in which torsion had never been present at all. However, for a standard torsion tensor that is antisymmetric in two of its indices we have found two cases in which the vanishing torsion limit is in fact continuous, namely Einstein gravity and conformal gravity. For other gravity theories of common interest to possess a continuous limit the torsion tensor would need to be antisymmetric in all three of its indices.
1608.04811
Sarp Akcay
Sarp Akcay, David Dempsey, Sam Dolan
Spin-orbit precession for eccentric black hole binaries at first order in the mass ratio
Matches the published version in CQG
Classical and Quantum Gravity, Volume 34, Number 8, 084001, 2017
10.1088/1361-6382/aa61d6
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider spin-orbit ("geodetic") precession for a compact binary in strong-field gravity. Specifically, we compute $\psi$, the ratio of the accumulated spin-precession and orbital angles over one radial period, for a spinning compact body of mass $m_1$ and spin $s_1$, with $s_1 \ll G m_1^2/c$, orbiting a non-rotating black hole. We show that $\psi$ can be computed for eccentric orbits in both the gravitational self-force and post-Newtonian frameworks, and that the results appear to be consistent. We present a post-Newtonian expansion for $\psi$ at next-to-next-to-leading order, and a Lorenz-gauge gravitational self-force calculation for $\psi$ at first order in the mass ratio. The latter provides new numerical data in the strong-field regime to inform the Effective One-Body model of the gravitational two-body problem. We conclude that $\psi$ complements the Detweiler redshift $z$ as a key invariant quantity characterizing eccentric orbits in the gravitational two-body problem.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Aug 2016 23:47:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Oct 2016 14:06:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Mar 2017 15:50:35 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-03-31
[ [ "Akcay", "Sarp", "" ], [ "Dempsey", "David", "" ], [ "Dolan", "Sam", "" ] ]
We consider spin-orbit ("geodetic") precession for a compact binary in strong-field gravity. Specifically, we compute $\psi$, the ratio of the accumulated spin-precession and orbital angles over one radial period, for a spinning compact body of mass $m_1$ and spin $s_1$, with $s_1 \ll G m_1^2/c$, orbiting a non-rotating black hole. We show that $\psi$ can be computed for eccentric orbits in both the gravitational self-force and post-Newtonian frameworks, and that the results appear to be consistent. We present a post-Newtonian expansion for $\psi$ at next-to-next-to-leading order, and a Lorenz-gauge gravitational self-force calculation for $\psi$ at first order in the mass ratio. The latter provides new numerical data in the strong-field regime to inform the Effective One-Body model of the gravitational two-body problem. We conclude that $\psi$ complements the Detweiler redshift $z$ as a key invariant quantity characterizing eccentric orbits in the gravitational two-body problem.
0710.0722
Francesco Cianfrani dr
F. Cianfrani, G. Montani
Boost symmetry in the Quantum Gravity sector
8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of'' 4th Italian-Sino Workshop on Relativistic Astrophysics'', AIP Conference Series
AIPConf.Proc.966:249-256,2008
10.1063/1.2837003
null
gr-qc
null
We perform a canonical quantization of gravity in a second-order formulation, taking as configuration variables those describing a 4-bein, not adapted to the space-time splitting. We outline how, neither if we fix the Lorentz frame before quantizing, nor if we perform no gauge fixing at all, is invariance under boost transformations affected by the quantization.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Oct 2007 07:48:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Cianfrani", "F.", "" ], [ "Montani", "G.", "" ] ]
We perform a canonical quantization of gravity in a second-order formulation, taking as configuration variables those describing a 4-bein, not adapted to the space-time splitting. We outline how, neither if we fix the Lorentz frame before quantizing, nor if we perform no gauge fixing at all, is invariance under boost transformations affected by the quantization.
2407.20285
Martiros Khurshudyan
Emilio Elizalde, Martiros Khurshudyan, Sergei D. Odintsov
Can we learn from matter creation to solve the $H_{0}$ tension problem?
To appear in EPJC
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The $H_{0}$ tension problem is studied in the light of a matter creation mechanism (an effective approach to replacing dark energy), the way to define the matter creation rate being of pure phenomenological nature. Bayesian (probabilistic) Machine Learning is used to learn the constraints on the free parameters of the models, with the learning being based on the generated expansion rate, $H(z)$. Taking advantage of the method, the constraints for three redshift ranges are learned. Namely, for the two redshift ranges: $z\in [0,2]$~(cosmic chronometers) and $z\in [0,2.5]$~(cosmic chronometers + BAO), covering already available $H(z)$ data, to validate the learned results; and for a third redshift interval, $z\in[0,5]$, for forecasting purposes. It is learned that the $3\alpha H_{0}$ term in the creation rate provides options that have the potential to solve the $H_{0}$ tension problem.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Jul 2024 08:58:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-31
[ [ "Elizalde", "Emilio", "" ], [ "Khurshudyan", "Martiros", "" ], [ "Odintsov", "Sergei D.", "" ] ]
The $H_{0}$ tension problem is studied in the light of a matter creation mechanism (an effective approach to replacing dark energy), the way to define the matter creation rate being of pure phenomenological nature. Bayesian (probabilistic) Machine Learning is used to learn the constraints on the free parameters of the models, with the learning being based on the generated expansion rate, $H(z)$. Taking advantage of the method, the constraints for three redshift ranges are learned. Namely, for the two redshift ranges: $z\in [0,2]$~(cosmic chronometers) and $z\in [0,2.5]$~(cosmic chronometers + BAO), covering already available $H(z)$ data, to validate the learned results; and for a third redshift interval, $z\in[0,5]$, for forecasting purposes. It is learned that the $3\alpha H_{0}$ term in the creation rate provides options that have the potential to solve the $H_{0}$ tension problem.
2001.05999
Camilo Posada
Jan Hlad\'ik, Camilo Posada, Zden\v{e}k Stuchl\'ik
Radial instability of trapping polytropic spheres
20 pages, 18 figures. Accepted manuscript to appear in IJMPD
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D29, 2050030 (2020)
10.1142/S0218271820500303
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We complete the stability study of general relativistic spherically symmetric polytropic perfect fluid spheres, concentrating attention to the newly discovered polytropes containing region of trapped null geodesics. We compare the methods of treating the dynamical stability based on the equation governing infinitesimal radial pulsations of the polytropes and the related Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue equation for the eigenmodes governing the pulsations, to the methods of stability analysis based on the energetic considerations. Both methods are applied to determine the stability of the polytropes governed by the polytropic index n in the whole range 0 < n < 5, and the relativistic parameter {\sigma} given by the ratio of the central pressure and energy density, restricted by the causality limit. The critical values of the adiabatic index for stability are determined, together with the critical values of the relativistic parameter {\sigma}. For the dynamical approach we implemented a numerical method which is independent on the choice of the trial function, and compare its results with the standard trial function approach. We found that the energetic and dynamic method give nearly the same critical values of {\sigma}. We found that all the configurations having trapped null geodesics are unstable according to both methods.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Jan 2020 18:59:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-05-14
[ [ "Hladík", "Jan", "" ], [ "Posada", "Camilo", "" ], [ "Stuchlík", "Zdeněk", "" ] ]
We complete the stability study of general relativistic spherically symmetric polytropic perfect fluid spheres, concentrating attention to the newly discovered polytropes containing region of trapped null geodesics. We compare the methods of treating the dynamical stability based on the equation governing infinitesimal radial pulsations of the polytropes and the related Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue equation for the eigenmodes governing the pulsations, to the methods of stability analysis based on the energetic considerations. Both methods are applied to determine the stability of the polytropes governed by the polytropic index n in the whole range 0 < n < 5, and the relativistic parameter {\sigma} given by the ratio of the central pressure and energy density, restricted by the causality limit. The critical values of the adiabatic index for stability are determined, together with the critical values of the relativistic parameter {\sigma}. For the dynamical approach we implemented a numerical method which is independent on the choice of the trial function, and compare its results with the standard trial function approach. We found that the energetic and dynamic method give nearly the same critical values of {\sigma}. We found that all the configurations having trapped null geodesics are unstable according to both methods.
2403.12840
Lei You
Lei You and Rui-bo Wang and Shi-Jie Ma and Jian-Bo Deng and Xian-Ru Hu
Optical properties of Euler-Heisenberg black hole in the Cold Dark Matter Halo
42 pages,16 figures,4 tables
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The optical properties of Euler-Heisenberg (EH) black hole (BH) surrounded by Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halo are investigated. By changing BH's parameters, we found that the radius of horizon r_{h} and radius of photon sphere r_{ph} will transparently increase as CDM halo parameters R and \rho increase. To show the influence of CDM halo on the BH's optical characteristics, we took two sets of R and \rho with prominent differences and plot the first four orders of images for thin accretion disk with different angle of inclination \theta of observer. The images with light intensity distributions using Novikov-Thorne (N-T) model are also derived, as well as the effective potential, photon orbits. Especially, analysis of intersection behaviors between photon trajectories with different impact parameters and circular time-like orbits in accretion disk will help better understand the image of thin accretion disk. Our results showed that CDM halo will make BH become more larger and dimmer distinctly.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Mar 2024 15:46:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-20
[ [ "You", "Lei", "" ], [ "Wang", "Rui-bo", "" ], [ "Ma", "Shi-Jie", "" ], [ "Deng", "Jian-Bo", "" ], [ "Hu", "Xian-Ru", "" ] ]
The optical properties of Euler-Heisenberg (EH) black hole (BH) surrounded by Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halo are investigated. By changing BH's parameters, we found that the radius of horizon r_{h} and radius of photon sphere r_{ph} will transparently increase as CDM halo parameters R and \rho increase. To show the influence of CDM halo on the BH's optical characteristics, we took two sets of R and \rho with prominent differences and plot the first four orders of images for thin accretion disk with different angle of inclination \theta of observer. The images with light intensity distributions using Novikov-Thorne (N-T) model are also derived, as well as the effective potential, photon orbits. Especially, analysis of intersection behaviors between photon trajectories with different impact parameters and circular time-like orbits in accretion disk will help better understand the image of thin accretion disk. Our results showed that CDM halo will make BH become more larger and dimmer distinctly.
1704.06031
Shin'ichi Hirano
Shin'ichi Hirano, Sakine Nishi, Tsutomu Kobayashi
Healthy imperfect dark matter from effective theory of mimetic cosmological perturbations
9 pages
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2017/07/009
RUP-17-6
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the stability of a recently proposed model of scalar-field matter called mimetic dark matter or imperfect dark matter. It has been known that mimetic matter with higher derivative terms suffers from gradient instabilities in scalar perturbations. To seek for an instability-free extension of imperfect dark matter, we develop an effective theory of cosmological perturbations subject to the constraint on the scalar field's kinetic term. This is done by using the unifying framework of general scalar-tensor theories based on the ADM formalism. We demonstrate that it is indeed possible to construct a model of imperfect dark matter which is free from ghost and gradient instabilities. As a side remark, we also show that mimetic $F({\cal R})$ theory is plagued with the Ostrogradsky instability.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Apr 2017 07:14:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 Jul 2017 04:53:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-07-19
[ [ "Hirano", "Shin'ichi", "" ], [ "Nishi", "Sakine", "" ], [ "Kobayashi", "Tsutomu", "" ] ]
We study the stability of a recently proposed model of scalar-field matter called mimetic dark matter or imperfect dark matter. It has been known that mimetic matter with higher derivative terms suffers from gradient instabilities in scalar perturbations. To seek for an instability-free extension of imperfect dark matter, we develop an effective theory of cosmological perturbations subject to the constraint on the scalar field's kinetic term. This is done by using the unifying framework of general scalar-tensor theories based on the ADM formalism. We demonstrate that it is indeed possible to construct a model of imperfect dark matter which is free from ghost and gradient instabilities. As a side remark, we also show that mimetic $F({\cal R})$ theory is plagued with the Ostrogradsky instability.
gr-qc/0402098
Jerzy Matyjasek
Jerzy Matyjasek and Dariusz Tryniecki
Charged black holes in quadratic gravity
null
Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 124016
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.124016
null
gr-qc
null
Iterative solutions to fourth-order gravity describing static and electrically charged black holes are constructed. Obtained solutions are parametrized by two integration constants which are related to the electric charge and the exact location of the event horizon. Special emphasis is put on the extremal black holes. It is explicitly demonstrated that in the extremal limit, the exact location of the (degenerate) event horizon is given by $\rp = |e|.$ Similarly to the classical Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution, the near-horizon geometry of the charged black holes in quadratic gravity, when expanded into the whole manifold, is simply that of Bertotti and Robinson. Similar considerations have been carried out for the boundary conditions of second type which employ the electric charge and the mass of the system as seen by a distant observer. The relations between results obtained within the framework of each method are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:07:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Matyjasek", "Jerzy", "" ], [ "Tryniecki", "Dariusz", "" ] ]
Iterative solutions to fourth-order gravity describing static and electrically charged black holes are constructed. Obtained solutions are parametrized by two integration constants which are related to the electric charge and the exact location of the event horizon. Special emphasis is put on the extremal black holes. It is explicitly demonstrated that in the extremal limit, the exact location of the (degenerate) event horizon is given by $\rp = |e|.$ Similarly to the classical Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution, the near-horizon geometry of the charged black holes in quadratic gravity, when expanded into the whole manifold, is simply that of Bertotti and Robinson. Similar considerations have been carried out for the boundary conditions of second type which employ the electric charge and the mass of the system as seen by a distant observer. The relations between results obtained within the framework of each method are briefly discussed.
1308.1455
Yun Soo Myung
Yun Soo Myung
Instability of Schwarzschild-AdS black hole in Einstein-Weyl gravity
1+13 pages, 1 figure, a version to appear in PLB
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2013.12.019
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the classical stability of Schwarzschild-AdS black hole in a massive theory of the Einstein-Weyl gravity. It turns out that the linearized Einstein tensor perturbations exhibit unstable modes featuring the Gregory-Laflamme instability of five-dimensional AdS black string, in contrast to the stable Schwarzschild-AdS black hole in the Einstein-Weyl gravity. We confirm that the instability of the black hole in the Einstein-Weyl gravity arises from the massiveness but not a feature of fourth-order derivative theory giving ghost states.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Aug 2013 00:56:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Aug 2013 00:34:55 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Dec 2013 04:03:48 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ] ]
We investigate the classical stability of Schwarzschild-AdS black hole in a massive theory of the Einstein-Weyl gravity. It turns out that the linearized Einstein tensor perturbations exhibit unstable modes featuring the Gregory-Laflamme instability of five-dimensional AdS black string, in contrast to the stable Schwarzschild-AdS black hole in the Einstein-Weyl gravity. We confirm that the instability of the black hole in the Einstein-Weyl gravity arises from the massiveness but not a feature of fourth-order derivative theory giving ghost states.
2203.01267
Felipe Ferreira De Freitas
Felipe F. Freitas, Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, Ant\'onio P. Morais, Ant\'onio Onofre, Roman Pasechnik, Eugen Radu, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, Rui Santos
Generating gravitational waveform libraries of exotic compact binaries with deep learning
20 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Current gravitational wave (GW) detections rely on the existence of libraries of theoretical waveforms. Consequently, finding new physics with GWs requires libraries of non-standard models, which are computationally demanding. We discuss how deep learning frameworks can be used to generate new waveforms "learned" from a simulation dataset obtained, say, from numerical relativity simulations. Concretely, we use the WaveGAN architecture of a generative adversarial network (GAN). As a proof of concept we provide this neural network (NN) with a sample of ($>500$) waveforms from the collisions of exotic compact objects (Proca stars), obtained from numerical relativity simulations. Dividing the sample into a training and a validation set, we show that after a sufficiently large number of training epochs the NN can produce from 12\% to 25\% of the synthetic waveforms with an overlapping match of at least 95\% with the ones from the validation set. We also demonstrate that a NN can be used to predict the overlapping match score, with 90\% of accuracy, of new synthetic samples. These are encouraging results for using GANs for data augmentation and interpolation in the context of GWs, to cover the full parameter space of, say, exotic compact binaries, without the need of intensive numerical relativity simulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Mar 2022 17:54:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-03-03
[ [ "Freitas", "Felipe F.", "" ], [ "Herdeiro", "Carlos A. R.", "" ], [ "Morais", "António P.", "" ], [ "Onofre", "António", "" ], [ "Pasechnik", "Roman", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ], [ "Sanchis-Gual", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Santos", "Rui", "" ] ]
Current gravitational wave (GW) detections rely on the existence of libraries of theoretical waveforms. Consequently, finding new physics with GWs requires libraries of non-standard models, which are computationally demanding. We discuss how deep learning frameworks can be used to generate new waveforms "learned" from a simulation dataset obtained, say, from numerical relativity simulations. Concretely, we use the WaveGAN architecture of a generative adversarial network (GAN). As a proof of concept we provide this neural network (NN) with a sample of ($>500$) waveforms from the collisions of exotic compact objects (Proca stars), obtained from numerical relativity simulations. Dividing the sample into a training and a validation set, we show that after a sufficiently large number of training epochs the NN can produce from 12\% to 25\% of the synthetic waveforms with an overlapping match of at least 95\% with the ones from the validation set. We also demonstrate that a NN can be used to predict the overlapping match score, with 90\% of accuracy, of new synthetic samples. These are encouraging results for using GANs for data augmentation and interpolation in the context of GWs, to cover the full parameter space of, say, exotic compact binaries, without the need of intensive numerical relativity simulations.
2303.06814
Shao-Wen Wei
Shao-Wen Wei, Yu-Peng Zhang, Yu-Xiao Liu, Robert B. Mann
Static spheres around spherically symmetric black hole spacetime
7 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 043050 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043050
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Unique features of particle orbits produce novel signatures of gravitational observable phenomena, and are quite useful in testing compact astrophysical objects in general relativity or modified theories of gravity. Here we observe a representative example that a static, spherically symmetric black hole solution with nonlinear electrodynamics admits static points at finite radial distance. Each static point thus produces a static sphere, on which a massive test particle can remain at rest at arbitrary latitudes with respect to an asymptotic static observer. As a result, the well-known static Dyson spheres can be implemented by such orbits. More interestingly, employing a topological argument, we disclose that stable and unstable static spheres (if they exist) always come in pairs in an asymptotically flat spacetime. In contrast to this, the counterpart naked singularity has one more stable static sphere than the unstable one. Our results have potential applications in testing black holes in standard Maxwell and nonlinear electrodynamics, as well as in uncovering the underlying astronomical observation effects in other gravitational theories beyond general relativity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Mar 2023 02:14:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Oct 2023 08:15:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-10-24
[ [ "Wei", "Shao-Wen", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Yu-Peng", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yu-Xiao", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert B.", "" ] ]
Unique features of particle orbits produce novel signatures of gravitational observable phenomena, and are quite useful in testing compact astrophysical objects in general relativity or modified theories of gravity. Here we observe a representative example that a static, spherically symmetric black hole solution with nonlinear electrodynamics admits static points at finite radial distance. Each static point thus produces a static sphere, on which a massive test particle can remain at rest at arbitrary latitudes with respect to an asymptotic static observer. As a result, the well-known static Dyson spheres can be implemented by such orbits. More interestingly, employing a topological argument, we disclose that stable and unstable static spheres (if they exist) always come in pairs in an asymptotically flat spacetime. In contrast to this, the counterpart naked singularity has one more stable static sphere than the unstable one. Our results have potential applications in testing black holes in standard Maxwell and nonlinear electrodynamics, as well as in uncovering the underlying astronomical observation effects in other gravitational theories beyond general relativity.
2405.01360
Jos\'e Diogo Sim\~ao
Jos\'e Diogo Sim\~ao
Investigations on Lorentzian Spin-foams and Semiclassical Space-times
PhD Dissertation, 210 pages; v2: implemented minor corrections and added additional references
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This thesis is developed in the context of the spin-foam approach to quantum gravity; all results are concerned with the Lorentzian theory and with semiclassical methods. A correspondence is given between Majorana 2-spinors and time-like hypersurfaces in Minkowski 3-space based on complexified quaternions. It is shown that the former suggest a symplectic structure on the spinor phase space which, together with an area-matching constraint, yields a symplectomorphism to $T^*\mathrm{SU}(1,1)$. A complete 3-dimensional Lorentzian spin-foam amplitude for both space- and time-like triangles is proposed. It is shown to asymptote to Regge theory in the semiclassical regime. The asymptotic limit of the 4-dimensional Conrady-Hnybida model for general polytopes is scrutinized. Minkowski's theorem on convex polyhedra is generalized to Lorentzian signature, and new boundary states for time-like polygons are introduced. It is found that the semiclassical amplitude for such polygons is insufficiently constrained. A method for the asymptotic evaluation of integrals subject to external parameters is discussed. The method is developed in detail for the special problem of spin-foam gluing constraints away from their dominant critical points. A relation to the gluing constraints of effective spin-foams is suggested.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 May 2024 15:07:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 10 Jun 2024 19:03:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-12
[ [ "Simão", "José Diogo", "" ] ]
This thesis is developed in the context of the spin-foam approach to quantum gravity; all results are concerned with the Lorentzian theory and with semiclassical methods. A correspondence is given between Majorana 2-spinors and time-like hypersurfaces in Minkowski 3-space based on complexified quaternions. It is shown that the former suggest a symplectic structure on the spinor phase space which, together with an area-matching constraint, yields a symplectomorphism to $T^*\mathrm{SU}(1,1)$. A complete 3-dimensional Lorentzian spin-foam amplitude for both space- and time-like triangles is proposed. It is shown to asymptote to Regge theory in the semiclassical regime. The asymptotic limit of the 4-dimensional Conrady-Hnybida model for general polytopes is scrutinized. Minkowski's theorem on convex polyhedra is generalized to Lorentzian signature, and new boundary states for time-like polygons are introduced. It is found that the semiclassical amplitude for such polygons is insufficiently constrained. A method for the asymptotic evaluation of integrals subject to external parameters is discussed. The method is developed in detail for the special problem of spin-foam gluing constraints away from their dominant critical points. A relation to the gluing constraints of effective spin-foams is suggested.
2304.14754
Sanjay Siwach
Bijendra Kumar Vishvakarma, Dharm Veer Singh and Sanjay Siwach
Shadows and quasinormal modes of the Bardeen black hole in cloud of strings
15 pages, 3 figures, reference added, statement about singularity at the origin changed
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the black hole (BH) solution of the Einstein's gravity coupled with non-linear electrodynamics (NED) source in the background of a cloud of strings. We analyze the horizon structure of the obtained BH solution. The optical features of the BH are explored. The photon radius and shadows of the BH are obtained as a function of black hole parameters. We observe that the size of the shadow image is bigger than its horizon radius and photon sphere. We also study the Quasinormal modes (QNM) using WKB formula for this black hole. The dependence of shadow radius and QN modes on black hole parameters reflects that they are mimicker to each other.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Apr 2023 10:51:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 2 May 2023 11:25:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-03
[ [ "Vishvakarma", "Bijendra Kumar", "" ], [ "Singh", "Dharm Veer", "" ], [ "Siwach", "Sanjay", "" ] ]
We investigate the black hole (BH) solution of the Einstein's gravity coupled with non-linear electrodynamics (NED) source in the background of a cloud of strings. We analyze the horizon structure of the obtained BH solution. The optical features of the BH are explored. The photon radius and shadows of the BH are obtained as a function of black hole parameters. We observe that the size of the shadow image is bigger than its horizon radius and photon sphere. We also study the Quasinormal modes (QNM) using WKB formula for this black hole. The dependence of shadow radius and QN modes on black hole parameters reflects that they are mimicker to each other.
1508.04602
Ben Whale
Ben E. Whale and Mike J. S. L. Ashley and Susan M. Scott
Generalizations of the Abstract Boundary singularity theorem
24 pages
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 135001 (2015)
10.1088/0264-9381/32/13/135001
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Abstract Boundary singularity theorem was first proven by Ashley and Scott. It links the existence of incomplete causal geodesics in strongly causal, maximally extended spacetimes to the existence of Abstract Boundary essential singularities, i.e., non-removable singular boundary points. We give two generalizations of this theorem: the first to continuous causal curves and the distinguishing condition, the second to locally Lipschitz curves in manifolds such that no inextendible locally Lipschitz curve is totally imprisoned. To do this we extend generalized affine parameters from $C^1$ curves to locally Lipschitz curves.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 Aug 2015 11:29:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-08-20
[ [ "Whale", "Ben E.", "" ], [ "Ashley", "Mike J. S. L.", "" ], [ "Scott", "Susan M.", "" ] ]
The Abstract Boundary singularity theorem was first proven by Ashley and Scott. It links the existence of incomplete causal geodesics in strongly causal, maximally extended spacetimes to the existence of Abstract Boundary essential singularities, i.e., non-removable singular boundary points. We give two generalizations of this theorem: the first to continuous causal curves and the distinguishing condition, the second to locally Lipschitz curves in manifolds such that no inextendible locally Lipschitz curve is totally imprisoned. To do this we extend generalized affine parameters from $C^1$ curves to locally Lipschitz curves.
2003.01252
Petya Nedkova
Efthimia Deligianni, Jutta Kunz, Petya Nedkova
Quasi-periodic oscillations from the accretion disk around distorted black holes
24 pages, 8 figures
Phys. Rev. D 102, 064023 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.064023
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the quasi-periodic oscillations from the accretion disk around the distorted Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of the resonant models. We confine ourselves to the case of a quadrupole distortion which can be caused for example by the accreting matter flow in the vicinity of the compact object. For the purpose we examine the linear stability of the circular geodesic orbits in the equatorial plane and derive analytical expressions for the radial and vertical epicyclic frequencies. We investigate their properties in comparison with the isolated Schwarzschild black hole. Due to the influence of the external matter the vertical epicyclic frequency is not always positive anymore, and the stability of the circular orbits is determined by the interplay between both of the frequencies. As a result, the stable circular orbits do not extend to infinity, but are confined to a finite annular region between an inner and an outer marginally stable orbit. In addition, the degeneracy between the vertical epicyclic and the orbital frequency, which is characteristic for the Schwarzschild solution, is broken, and there are regions in the parametric space where the radial epicyclic frequency is larger than the vertical one. All these properties allow for much more diverse types of non-linear resonances to be excited than for the isolated Schwarzschild black hole, which can provide an explanation for the observed 3:2 ratio between the twin-peak frequencies of the quasi-periodic oscillations from the accretion disk.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Mar 2020 23:47:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-16
[ [ "Deligianni", "Efthimia", "" ], [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ], [ "Nedkova", "Petya", "" ] ]
We study the quasi-periodic oscillations from the accretion disk around the distorted Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of the resonant models. We confine ourselves to the case of a quadrupole distortion which can be caused for example by the accreting matter flow in the vicinity of the compact object. For the purpose we examine the linear stability of the circular geodesic orbits in the equatorial plane and derive analytical expressions for the radial and vertical epicyclic frequencies. We investigate their properties in comparison with the isolated Schwarzschild black hole. Due to the influence of the external matter the vertical epicyclic frequency is not always positive anymore, and the stability of the circular orbits is determined by the interplay between both of the frequencies. As a result, the stable circular orbits do not extend to infinity, but are confined to a finite annular region between an inner and an outer marginally stable orbit. In addition, the degeneracy between the vertical epicyclic and the orbital frequency, which is characteristic for the Schwarzschild solution, is broken, and there are regions in the parametric space where the radial epicyclic frequency is larger than the vertical one. All these properties allow for much more diverse types of non-linear resonances to be excited than for the isolated Schwarzschild black hole, which can provide an explanation for the observed 3:2 ratio between the twin-peak frequencies of the quasi-periodic oscillations from the accretion disk.
1204.6036
Timothy H. Boyer
Timothy H. Boyer
Contrasting Classical and Quantum Vacuum States in Non-Inertial Frames
29 pages
Found. Phys. 43, 923-947 (2013)
10.1007/s10701-013-9726-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Classical electron theory with classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation (stochastic electrodynamics) is the classical theory which most closely approximates quantum electrodynamics. Indeed, in inertial frames, there is a general connection between classical field theories with classical zero-point radiation and quantum field theories. However, this connection does not extend to noninertial frames where the time parameter is not a geodesic coordinate. Quantum field theory applies the canonical quantization procedure (depending on the local time coordinate) to a mirror-walled box, and, in general, each non-inertial coordinate frame has its own vacuum state. In complete contrast, the spectrum of random classical zero-point radiation is based upon symmetry principles of relativistic spacetime; in empty space, the correlation functions depend upon only the geodesic separations (and their coordinate derivatives) between the spacetime points. It makes no difference whether a box of classical zero-point radiation is gradually or suddenly set into uniform acceleration; the radiation in the interior retains the same correlation function except for small end-point (Casimir) corrections. Thus in classical theory where zero-point radiation is defined in terms of geodesic separations, there is nothing physically comparable to the quantum distinction between the Minkowski and Rindler vacuum states. It is also noted that relativistic classical systems with internal potential energy must be spatially extended and can not be point systems. Based upon the classical analysis, it is suggested that the claimed heating effects of acceleration through the vacuum may not exist in nature.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Apr 2012 17:36:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-08-13
[ [ "Boyer", "Timothy H.", "" ] ]
Classical electron theory with classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation (stochastic electrodynamics) is the classical theory which most closely approximates quantum electrodynamics. Indeed, in inertial frames, there is a general connection between classical field theories with classical zero-point radiation and quantum field theories. However, this connection does not extend to noninertial frames where the time parameter is not a geodesic coordinate. Quantum field theory applies the canonical quantization procedure (depending on the local time coordinate) to a mirror-walled box, and, in general, each non-inertial coordinate frame has its own vacuum state. In complete contrast, the spectrum of random classical zero-point radiation is based upon symmetry principles of relativistic spacetime; in empty space, the correlation functions depend upon only the geodesic separations (and their coordinate derivatives) between the spacetime points. It makes no difference whether a box of classical zero-point radiation is gradually or suddenly set into uniform acceleration; the radiation in the interior retains the same correlation function except for small end-point (Casimir) corrections. Thus in classical theory where zero-point radiation is defined in terms of geodesic separations, there is nothing physically comparable to the quantum distinction between the Minkowski and Rindler vacuum states. It is also noted that relativistic classical systems with internal potential energy must be spatially extended and can not be point systems. Based upon the classical analysis, it is suggested that the claimed heating effects of acceleration through the vacuum may not exist in nature.
2308.06469
Kyosuke Tomonari
Kyosuke Tomonari and Sebastian Bahamonde
Dirac-Bergmann analysis and Degrees of Freedom of Coincident $f(Q)$-gravity
26 pages. v2: Added references and footnotes, revised overall, for submission. 26 pages. v3: Added new Sec. V-A and references, revised overall. 31 pages. v4: Published in EPJC (Single column version)
Eur. Phys. J. C (2024) 84:349
10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12677-x
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the propagating degrees of freedom of $f(Q)$-gravity in a $4$-dimensional space-time under the imposition of the coincident gauge by performing the Dirac-Bergmann analysis. In this work, we start with a top-down reconstruction of the metric-affine gauge theory of gravity based only on the concept of a vector bundle. Then, the so-called geometrical trinity of gravity is introduced and the role of the coincident GR is clarified. After that, we reveal relationships between the boundary terms in the variational principle and the symplectic structure of the theory in order to confirm the validity of the analysis for our studied theories. Then, as examples, we revisit the analysis of GR and its $f(\lc{R})$-extensions. Finally, after reviewing the Dirac-Bergmann analysis of the coincident GR and that of $f(T)$-gravity, we perform the analysis of coincident $f(Q)$-gravity. Under the imposition of appropriate spatial boundary conditions, we find that, as a generic case, the theory has five primary, three secondary, and two tertiary constraint densities and all these constraint densities are classified into second-class constraint density; the number six is the propagating degrees of freedom of the theory and there are no longer any remaining gauge degrees of freedom. We also discuss the condition of providing seven pDoF as a generic case. The violation of diffeomorphism invariance of coincident $f(Q)$-gravity make it possible to emerge such several sectors.
[ { "created": "Sat, 12 Aug 2023 05:24:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Aug 2023 07:44:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Jan 2024 08:18:10 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Apr 2024 12:03:29 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2024-04-25
[ [ "Tomonari", "Kyosuke", "" ], [ "Bahamonde", "Sebastian", "" ] ]
We investigate the propagating degrees of freedom of $f(Q)$-gravity in a $4$-dimensional space-time under the imposition of the coincident gauge by performing the Dirac-Bergmann analysis. In this work, we start with a top-down reconstruction of the metric-affine gauge theory of gravity based only on the concept of a vector bundle. Then, the so-called geometrical trinity of gravity is introduced and the role of the coincident GR is clarified. After that, we reveal relationships between the boundary terms in the variational principle and the symplectic structure of the theory in order to confirm the validity of the analysis for our studied theories. Then, as examples, we revisit the analysis of GR and its $f(\lc{R})$-extensions. Finally, after reviewing the Dirac-Bergmann analysis of the coincident GR and that of $f(T)$-gravity, we perform the analysis of coincident $f(Q)$-gravity. Under the imposition of appropriate spatial boundary conditions, we find that, as a generic case, the theory has five primary, three secondary, and two tertiary constraint densities and all these constraint densities are classified into second-class constraint density; the number six is the propagating degrees of freedom of the theory and there are no longer any remaining gauge degrees of freedom. We also discuss the condition of providing seven pDoF as a generic case. The violation of diffeomorphism invariance of coincident $f(Q)$-gravity make it possible to emerge such several sectors.
gr-qc/9606066
David Langlois
David Langlois
Cosmic Microwave Background Dipole induced by double inflation
Latex, 9 pages, no figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D54:2447-2450,1996
10.1103/PhysRevD.54.2447
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The observed CMBR dipole is generally interpreted as the consequence of the peculiar motion of the Sun with respect to the reference frame of the CMBR. This article proposes an alternative interpretation in which the observed dipole is the result of isocurvature perturbations on scales larger than the present Hubble radius. These perturbations are produced in the simplest model of double inflation, depending on three parameters. The observed dipole and quadrupole can be explained in this model, while severely constraining its parameters.
[ { "created": "Sun, 23 Jun 1996 11:18:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-12-30
[ [ "Langlois", "David", "" ] ]
The observed CMBR dipole is generally interpreted as the consequence of the peculiar motion of the Sun with respect to the reference frame of the CMBR. This article proposes an alternative interpretation in which the observed dipole is the result of isocurvature perturbations on scales larger than the present Hubble radius. These perturbations are produced in the simplest model of double inflation, depending on three parameters. The observed dipole and quadrupole can be explained in this model, while severely constraining its parameters.
1809.00698
Joel Berg\'e
Joel Berg\'e
The Inverse Square Law And Newtonian Dynamics space explorer (ISLAND)
Moriond Gravitation session 2017 proceeding + COSPAR meeting 2018
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The ISLAND (Inverse Square Law And Newtonian Dynamics) Space Explorer is a new concept to test the gravitational Inverse Square Law at: (1) submillimeter scale and (2) at the largest Solar System scales (dozens of Astronomical Units --AU). The main idea is to embark a torsion pendulum at the center of gravity of a dedicated, possibly drag-free and attitude-controlled, interplanetary probe whose gravitational environment is accurately probed by, and corrected for thanks to six ultrasensitive accelerometers arranged as a cross around the torsion pendulum.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Sep 2018 19:35:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-09-05
[ [ "Bergé", "Joel", "" ] ]
The ISLAND (Inverse Square Law And Newtonian Dynamics) Space Explorer is a new concept to test the gravitational Inverse Square Law at: (1) submillimeter scale and (2) at the largest Solar System scales (dozens of Astronomical Units --AU). The main idea is to embark a torsion pendulum at the center of gravity of a dedicated, possibly drag-free and attitude-controlled, interplanetary probe whose gravitational environment is accurately probed by, and corrected for thanks to six ultrasensitive accelerometers arranged as a cross around the torsion pendulum.
1012.0886
Bruno Coutinho Mundim
Bruno C. Mundim, Bernard J. Kelly, Yosef Zlochower, Hiroyuki Nakano, Manuela Campanelli
Hybrid black-hole binary initial data
Proceedings of Theory Meets Data Analysis at Comparable and Extreme Mass Ratios (NRDA/Capra 2010), Perimeter Institute, June 2010 - 19 pages
Class. Quantum Grav. 28 134003 (2011)
10.1088/0264-9381/28/13/134003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Traditional black-hole binary puncture initial data is conformally flat. This unphysical assumption is coupled with a lack of radiation signature from the binary's past life. As a result, waveforms extracted from evolutions of this data display an abrupt jump. In Kelly et al. [Class.Quant.Grav.27:114005,2010], a new binary black-hole initial data with radiation contents derived in the post-Newtonian (PN) calculation was adapted to puncture evolutions in numerical relativity. This data satisfies the constraint equations to the 2.5PN order, and contains a transverse-traceless "wavy" metric contribution, violating the standard assumption of conformal flatness. Although the evolution contained less spurious radiation, there were undesired features; the unphysical horizon mass loss and the large initial orbital eccentricity. Introducing a hybrid approach to the initial data evaluation, we significantly reduce these undesired features.
[ { "created": "Sat, 4 Dec 2010 07:28:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-17
[ [ "Mundim", "Bruno C.", "" ], [ "Kelly", "Bernard J.", "" ], [ "Zlochower", "Yosef", "" ], [ "Nakano", "Hiroyuki", "" ], [ "Campanelli", "Manuela", "" ] ]
Traditional black-hole binary puncture initial data is conformally flat. This unphysical assumption is coupled with a lack of radiation signature from the binary's past life. As a result, waveforms extracted from evolutions of this data display an abrupt jump. In Kelly et al. [Class.Quant.Grav.27:114005,2010], a new binary black-hole initial data with radiation contents derived in the post-Newtonian (PN) calculation was adapted to puncture evolutions in numerical relativity. This data satisfies the constraint equations to the 2.5PN order, and contains a transverse-traceless "wavy" metric contribution, violating the standard assumption of conformal flatness. Although the evolution contained less spurious radiation, there were undesired features; the unphysical horizon mass loss and the large initial orbital eccentricity. Introducing a hybrid approach to the initial data evaluation, we significantly reduce these undesired features.
gr-qc/0004076
Reinhard Prix
Reinhard Prix
Covariant Vortex In Superconducting-Superfluid-Normal Fluid Mixtures with Stiff Equation of State
14 pages, uses RevTeX and amssymb, submitted
Phys.Rev. D62 (2000) 103005
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.103005
null
gr-qc astro-ph cond-mat.supr-con
null
The integrals of motion for a cylindrically symmetric stationary vortex are obtained in a covariant description of a mixture of interacting superconductors, superfluids and normal fluids. The relevant integrated stress-energy coefficients for the vortex with respect to a vortex-free reference state are calculated in the approximation of a ``stiff'', i.e. least compressible, relativistic equation of state for the fluid mixture. As an illustration of the foregoing general results, we discuss their application to some of the well known examples of ``real'' superfluid and superconducting systems that are contained as special cases. These include Landau's two-fluid model, uncharged binary superfluid mixtures, rotating conventional superconductors and the superfluid neutron-proton-electron plasma in the outer core of neutron stars.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Apr 2000 15:55:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Prix", "Reinhard", "" ] ]
The integrals of motion for a cylindrically symmetric stationary vortex are obtained in a covariant description of a mixture of interacting superconductors, superfluids and normal fluids. The relevant integrated stress-energy coefficients for the vortex with respect to a vortex-free reference state are calculated in the approximation of a ``stiff'', i.e. least compressible, relativistic equation of state for the fluid mixture. As an illustration of the foregoing general results, we discuss their application to some of the well known examples of ``real'' superfluid and superconducting systems that are contained as special cases. These include Landau's two-fluid model, uncharged binary superfluid mixtures, rotating conventional superconductors and the superfluid neutron-proton-electron plasma in the outer core of neutron stars.
1305.7104
Houwen Wu
Deyou Chen, Houwen Wu, Haitang Yang
Fermion's tunnelling with effects of quantum gravity
V2, 14 pages, references added, typos corrected
Advances in High Energy Physics, vol. 2013, Article ID 432412, 6 pages, 2013
10.1155/2013/432412
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, using Hamilton-Jacobi method, we address the tunnelling of fermions in a 4-dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime. Base on the generalized uncertainty principle, we introduce the influence of quantum gravity. After solving the equation of motion of the spin 1/2 field, we derive the corrected Hawking temperature. It turns out that the correction depends not only on the black hole's mass but also on the mass (energy) of emitted fermions. It is of interest that, in our calculation, the quantum gravity correction decelerates the temperature increase during the radiation explicitly. This observation then naturally leads to the remnants in black hole evaporation. Our calculation shows that the residue mass is $\gtrsim M_p/\beta_0$, where $M_p$ is the Planck mass and $\beta_0$ is a dimensionless parameter accounting for quantum gravity effects. The evaporation singularity is then avoided.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 May 2013 13:40:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Jun 2013 17:24:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-11-14
[ [ "Chen", "Deyou", "" ], [ "Wu", "Houwen", "" ], [ "Yang", "Haitang", "" ] ]
In this paper, using Hamilton-Jacobi method, we address the tunnelling of fermions in a 4-dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime. Base on the generalized uncertainty principle, we introduce the influence of quantum gravity. After solving the equation of motion of the spin 1/2 field, we derive the corrected Hawking temperature. It turns out that the correction depends not only on the black hole's mass but also on the mass (energy) of emitted fermions. It is of interest that, in our calculation, the quantum gravity correction decelerates the temperature increase during the radiation explicitly. This observation then naturally leads to the remnants in black hole evaporation. Our calculation shows that the residue mass is $\gtrsim M_p/\beta_0$, where $M_p$ is the Planck mass and $\beta_0$ is a dimensionless parameter accounting for quantum gravity effects. The evaporation singularity is then avoided.
2001.00772
Shuxun Tian
S. X. Tian and Zong-Hong Zhu
Revisiting scalar and tensor perturbations in a nonlocal gravity
5 pages, PRD in press
Phys. Rev. D 100, 124059 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.124059
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Nonlocal RT gravity is a successful modified gravity theory, which not only explains the late-time cosmic acceleration but also behaves well in the solar system. Previous analysis generally assumes the auxiliary field $S_i$ vanishes at the cosmic background. However, we find the background $S_i$ is proportional to $a^2$ with the expansion of the universe. Then we discuss the influence of the nonzero background $S_i$ on the cosmic background evolution, the scalar and tensor perturbations. We find the cosmic background evolution is independent of $S_i$, and the influence of the nonzero background $S_i$ on the weak field limit at solar system scales is negligible. For the tensor perturbation, we find the only possible observable effect is the influence of nonzero background $S_i$ on the LIGO gravitational wave amplitude and also luminosity distance. Future high redshift gravitational wave observations could be used to constrain the background value of $S_i$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Jan 2020 09:58:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-01-06
[ [ "Tian", "S. X.", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Zong-Hong", "" ] ]
Nonlocal RT gravity is a successful modified gravity theory, which not only explains the late-time cosmic acceleration but also behaves well in the solar system. Previous analysis generally assumes the auxiliary field $S_i$ vanishes at the cosmic background. However, we find the background $S_i$ is proportional to $a^2$ with the expansion of the universe. Then we discuss the influence of the nonzero background $S_i$ on the cosmic background evolution, the scalar and tensor perturbations. We find the cosmic background evolution is independent of $S_i$, and the influence of the nonzero background $S_i$ on the weak field limit at solar system scales is negligible. For the tensor perturbation, we find the only possible observable effect is the influence of nonzero background $S_i$ on the LIGO gravitational wave amplitude and also luminosity distance. Future high redshift gravitational wave observations could be used to constrain the background value of $S_i$.
2003.00388
Angel Garcia-Chung
Angel Garcia-Chung
The symplectic group in Polymer Quantum Mechanics
20 pages
Phys. Rev. D 101, 106004 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.106004
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we provide the representation of the symplectic group $Sp(2n, \mathbb{R})$ in polymer quantum mechanics. We derive the propagator of the polymer free particle and the polymer harmonic oscillator without considering a polymer scale. The polymer scale is then introduced to reconcile our results with those expressions for the polymer free particle. The propagator for the polymer harmonic oscillator implies non-unitary evolution.
[ { "created": "Sun, 1 Mar 2020 03:35:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-05-13
[ [ "Garcia-Chung", "Angel", "" ] ]
In this paper we provide the representation of the symplectic group $Sp(2n, \mathbb{R})$ in polymer quantum mechanics. We derive the propagator of the polymer free particle and the polymer harmonic oscillator without considering a polymer scale. The polymer scale is then introduced to reconcile our results with those expressions for the polymer free particle. The propagator for the polymer harmonic oscillator implies non-unitary evolution.
2311.05652
Ivan Arraut Dr.
Ivan Arraut
The Tully-Fisher's law and Dark Matter effects derived via modified symmetries
4 pages, Editor's choice at EPL
2023 EPL 144 29003
10.1209/0295-5075/ad05f7
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In any physical system, when we move from short to large scales, new spacetime symmetries emerge which help us to simplify the dynamics of the system. In this letter we demonstrate that certain variations on the symmetries of General Relativity at large scales, generate the effects equivalent to Dark Matter. In particular, we reproduce the Tully-Fisher law, consistent with the predictions proposed by MOND. Additionally, we demonstrate that the dark matter effects derived in this way, are consistent with the predictions suggested by MOND, without modifying gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Nov 2023 14:18:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-11-13
[ [ "Arraut", "Ivan", "" ] ]
In any physical system, when we move from short to large scales, new spacetime symmetries emerge which help us to simplify the dynamics of the system. In this letter we demonstrate that certain variations on the symmetries of General Relativity at large scales, generate the effects equivalent to Dark Matter. In particular, we reproduce the Tully-Fisher law, consistent with the predictions proposed by MOND. Additionally, we demonstrate that the dark matter effects derived in this way, are consistent with the predictions suggested by MOND, without modifying gravity.
2407.21522
Albachiara Cogo
Carla Cederbaum, Albachiara Cogo and Axel Fehrenbach
Uniqueness of equipotential photon surfaces in 4-dimensional static vacuum asymptotically flat spacetimes for positive, negative, and zero mass -- and a new partial proof of the Willmore inequality
null
null
null
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present different proofs of the uniqueness of 4-dimensional static vacuum asymptotically flat spacetimes containing a connected equipotential photon surface or in particular a connected photon sphere. We do not assume that the equipotential photon surface is outward directed or non-degenerate and hence cover not only the positive but also the negative and the zero mass case which has not yet been treated in the literature. Our results partially reproduce and extend beyond results by Cederbaum and by Cederbaum and Galloway. In the positive and negative mass cases, we give three proofs which are based on the approaches to proving black hole uniqueness by Israel, Robinson, and Agostiniani--Mazzieri, respectively. In the zero mass case, we give four proofs. One is based on the positive mass theorem, the second one is inspired by Israel's approach and in particular leads to a new proof of the Willmore inequality in $(\mathbb{R}^3, \delta)$, under a technical assumption. The remaining two proofs are inspired by proofs of the Willmore inequality by Cederbaum and Miehe and by Agostiniani and Mazzieri, respectively. In particular, this suggests to view the Willmore inequality and its rigidity case as a zero mass version of equipotential photon surface uniqueness.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 2024 10:49:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-01
[ [ "Cederbaum", "Carla", "" ], [ "Cogo", "Albachiara", "" ], [ "Fehrenbach", "Axel", "" ] ]
We present different proofs of the uniqueness of 4-dimensional static vacuum asymptotically flat spacetimes containing a connected equipotential photon surface or in particular a connected photon sphere. We do not assume that the equipotential photon surface is outward directed or non-degenerate and hence cover not only the positive but also the negative and the zero mass case which has not yet been treated in the literature. Our results partially reproduce and extend beyond results by Cederbaum and by Cederbaum and Galloway. In the positive and negative mass cases, we give three proofs which are based on the approaches to proving black hole uniqueness by Israel, Robinson, and Agostiniani--Mazzieri, respectively. In the zero mass case, we give four proofs. One is based on the positive mass theorem, the second one is inspired by Israel's approach and in particular leads to a new proof of the Willmore inequality in $(\mathbb{R}^3, \delta)$, under a technical assumption. The remaining two proofs are inspired by proofs of the Willmore inequality by Cederbaum and Miehe and by Agostiniani and Mazzieri, respectively. In particular, this suggests to view the Willmore inequality and its rigidity case as a zero mass version of equipotential photon surface uniqueness.
2002.11471
Kazuharu Bamba
G.G.L. Nashed, Amare Abebe and Kazuharu Bamba
Neutral compact spherically symmetric stars in teleparallel gravity
13 pages, 9 figures
Eur. Phys. J. C (2020) 80:1109
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08671-8
FU-PCG-72
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present novel neutral and uncharged solutions that describe the cluster of Einstein in the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). To this end, we use a tetrad field with non-diagonal spherical symmetry which gives the vanishing of the off-diagonal components for the gravitational field equations in the TEGR theory. The clusters are calculated by using an anisotropic energy-momentum tensor. We solve the field equations of TEGR theory, using two assumptions: the first one is by using an equation of state that relates density with tangential pressure while the second postulate is to assume a specific form of one of the two unknown functions that appear in the non-diagonal tetrad field. Among many things presented in this study, we investigate the static stability specification. We also study the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation of these solutions in addition to the conditions of energy. The causality constraints with the adiabatic index in terms of the limit of stability are discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Feb 2020 09:53:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-11-22
[ [ "Nashed", "G. G. L.", "" ], [ "Abebe", "Amare", "" ], [ "Bamba", "Kazuharu", "" ] ]
We present novel neutral and uncharged solutions that describe the cluster of Einstein in the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). To this end, we use a tetrad field with non-diagonal spherical symmetry which gives the vanishing of the off-diagonal components for the gravitational field equations in the TEGR theory. The clusters are calculated by using an anisotropic energy-momentum tensor. We solve the field equations of TEGR theory, using two assumptions: the first one is by using an equation of state that relates density with tangential pressure while the second postulate is to assume a specific form of one of the two unknown functions that appear in the non-diagonal tetrad field. Among many things presented in this study, we investigate the static stability specification. We also study the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation of these solutions in addition to the conditions of energy. The causality constraints with the adiabatic index in terms of the limit of stability are discussed.
1401.7312
Swastik Bhattacharya
Swastik Bhattacharya
A new proposal regarding the heat generated by gravity in locally accelerating frames
27 pages, 1 Figure
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
For Rindler observers accelerating close to the horizon in local patches around a spacetime point, the matter-energy passing through the horizon increases the entropy and heat energy. Jacobson has showed that the Einstein equation can be derived from the consideration of this thermodynamic process. This, however, works only if the acceleration $a$ is much larger than the scale set by the curvature of the spacetime. It is explored here whether an extension is possible to the case with no lower bound on $a$. We show that this is possible if one assumes that in a locally accelerating frame, the matter-energy passing through null hypersurfaces could result in an increase in the heat energy and the entropy. Such a generalisation extends the thermodynamic derivation of gravity to include any non-freely falling observer. A new method of determining the temperature detected by such locally accelerating observers is also presented. By considering only the quantisation of sufficiently localised wave modes of a field, it is shown that the observer finds himself in a thermal environment.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Jan 2014 20:12:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-29
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Swastik", "" ] ]
For Rindler observers accelerating close to the horizon in local patches around a spacetime point, the matter-energy passing through the horizon increases the entropy and heat energy. Jacobson has showed that the Einstein equation can be derived from the consideration of this thermodynamic process. This, however, works only if the acceleration $a$ is much larger than the scale set by the curvature of the spacetime. It is explored here whether an extension is possible to the case with no lower bound on $a$. We show that this is possible if one assumes that in a locally accelerating frame, the matter-energy passing through null hypersurfaces could result in an increase in the heat energy and the entropy. Such a generalisation extends the thermodynamic derivation of gravity to include any non-freely falling observer. A new method of determining the temperature detected by such locally accelerating observers is also presented. By considering only the quantisation of sufficiently localised wave modes of a field, it is shown that the observer finds himself in a thermal environment.
gr-qc/0609051
Mayeul Arminjon
Mayeul Arminjon
On the extension of Newton's second law to theories of gravitation in curved space-time
32 pages
Arch.Mech. 48 (1996) 551-576
null
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate the possibility of extending Newton's second law to the general framework of theories in which special relativity is locally valid, and in which gravitation changes the flat Galilean space-time metric into a curved metric. This framework is first recalled, underlining the possibility to uniquely define a space metric and a local time in any given reference frame, hence to define velocity and momentum in terms of the local space and time standards. It is shown that a unique consistent definition can be given for the derivative of a vector (the momentum) along a trajectory. Then the possible form of the gravitation force is investigated. It is shown that, if the motion of free particles has to follow space-time geodesics, then the expression for the gravity acceleration is determined uniquely. It depends on the variation of the metric with space and time, and it involves the velocity of the particle.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Sep 2006 12:16:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Arminjon", "Mayeul", "" ] ]
We investigate the possibility of extending Newton's second law to the general framework of theories in which special relativity is locally valid, and in which gravitation changes the flat Galilean space-time metric into a curved metric. This framework is first recalled, underlining the possibility to uniquely define a space metric and a local time in any given reference frame, hence to define velocity and momentum in terms of the local space and time standards. It is shown that a unique consistent definition can be given for the derivative of a vector (the momentum) along a trajectory. Then the possible form of the gravitation force is investigated. It is shown that, if the motion of free particles has to follow space-time geodesics, then the expression for the gravity acceleration is determined uniquely. It depends on the variation of the metric with space and time, and it involves the velocity of the particle.
2212.06205
Riasat Ali
Zunaira Akhtar, Rimsha Babar, Riasat Ali
Thermal Fluctuations Evolution of the New Schwarzschild Black Hole
11 pages, 14 figures, version accepted for publication in Annals of Physics
null
10.1016/j.aop.2022.169190
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
We study the thermodynamic analysis and logarithm corrections of the new Schwarzschild black hole. We compute the thermodynamic quantities like entropy, Hawking temperature and heat capacity. The area of black holes never decreases because they absorb everything from their surroundings due to high gravity. In this regard, the area-entropy relation proposed by Bekenstein needs to be corrected, leading to the concept of logarithmic corrections. To do so, we obtain the corrected entropy for new Schwarzschild black hole to analyze the effects of thermal fluctuations and we evaluate the thermodynamic quantities like specific heat, internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and pressure in the presence of correction parameter $\eta$. Furthermore, we check the stability of the system with the help of heat capacity and well known Hessian matrix technique. By our graphical analysis, we observe that the thermal fluctuations effects the stability of small radii black holes (e.g., New Schwarzchild black hole) and therefore, small black holes get unstable regions due to these first order corrections.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Dec 2022 19:28:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-12-14
[ [ "Akhtar", "Zunaira", "" ], [ "Babar", "Rimsha", "" ], [ "Ali", "Riasat", "" ] ]
We study the thermodynamic analysis and logarithm corrections of the new Schwarzschild black hole. We compute the thermodynamic quantities like entropy, Hawking temperature and heat capacity. The area of black holes never decreases because they absorb everything from their surroundings due to high gravity. In this regard, the area-entropy relation proposed by Bekenstein needs to be corrected, leading to the concept of logarithmic corrections. To do so, we obtain the corrected entropy for new Schwarzschild black hole to analyze the effects of thermal fluctuations and we evaluate the thermodynamic quantities like specific heat, internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and pressure in the presence of correction parameter $\eta$. Furthermore, we check the stability of the system with the help of heat capacity and well known Hessian matrix technique. By our graphical analysis, we observe that the thermal fluctuations effects the stability of small radii black holes (e.g., New Schwarzchild black hole) and therefore, small black holes get unstable regions due to these first order corrections.
gr-qc/0612089
Rong-Gen Cai
M. Akbar and Rong-Gen Cai
Thermodynamic Behavior of Field Equations for f(R) Gravity
Latex 16 pages, v2: one reference added
Phys.Lett.B648:243-248,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.03.005
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Recently it has shown that Einstein's field equations can be rewritten into a form of the first law of thermodynamics both at event horizon of static spherically symmetric black holes and apparent horizon of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe, which indicates intrinsic thermodynamic properties of spacetime horizon. In the present paper we deal with the so-called $f(R)$ gravity, whose action is a function of the curvature scalar $R$. In the setup of static spherically symmetric black hole spacetime, we find that at the event horizon, the field equations of $f(R)$ gravity can be written into a form $dE = TdS - PdV + Td\bar{S}$, where $T$ is the Hawking temperature and $S=Af'(R)/4G$ is the horizon entropy of the black hole, $E$ is the horizon energy of the black hole, $P$ is the radial pressure of matter, $V$ is the volume of black hole horizon, and $d\bar S$ can be interpreted as the entropy production term due to nonequilibrium thermodynamics of spacetime. In the setup of FRW universe, the field equations can also be cast to a similar form, $dE=TdS +WdV +Td\bar S$, at the apparent horizon, where $W=(\rho-P)/2$, $E$ is the energy of perfect fluid with energy density $\rho$ and pressure $P$ inside the apparent horizon. Compared to the case of Einstein's general relativity, an additional term $d\bar S$ also appears here. The appearance of the additional term is consistent with the argument recently given by Eling {\it et al.} (gr-qc/0602001) that the horizon thermodynamics is non-equilibrium one for the $f(R)$ gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Dec 2006 06:55:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Jan 2007 06:19:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-10-27
[ [ "Akbar", "M.", "" ], [ "Cai", "Rong-Gen", "" ] ]
Recently it has shown that Einstein's field equations can be rewritten into a form of the first law of thermodynamics both at event horizon of static spherically symmetric black holes and apparent horizon of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe, which indicates intrinsic thermodynamic properties of spacetime horizon. In the present paper we deal with the so-called $f(R)$ gravity, whose action is a function of the curvature scalar $R$. In the setup of static spherically symmetric black hole spacetime, we find that at the event horizon, the field equations of $f(R)$ gravity can be written into a form $dE = TdS - PdV + Td\bar{S}$, where $T$ is the Hawking temperature and $S=Af'(R)/4G$ is the horizon entropy of the black hole, $E$ is the horizon energy of the black hole, $P$ is the radial pressure of matter, $V$ is the volume of black hole horizon, and $d\bar S$ can be interpreted as the entropy production term due to nonequilibrium thermodynamics of spacetime. In the setup of FRW universe, the field equations can also be cast to a similar form, $dE=TdS +WdV +Td\bar S$, at the apparent horizon, where $W=(\rho-P)/2$, $E$ is the energy of perfect fluid with energy density $\rho$ and pressure $P$ inside the apparent horizon. Compared to the case of Einstein's general relativity, an additional term $d\bar S$ also appears here. The appearance of the additional term is consistent with the argument recently given by Eling {\it et al.} (gr-qc/0602001) that the horizon thermodynamics is non-equilibrium one for the $f(R)$ gravity.
2106.11771
Marie-No\"elle C\'el\'erier
Marie-No\"elle C\'el\'erier (Laboratoire Univers et TH\'eories, Observatoire de Paris)
New classes of exact interior nonvacuum solutions to the GR field equations for spacetimes sourced by a rigidly rotating stationary cylindrical anisotropic fluid
10 pages, 0 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2004.02636, significant additions, final text complying with the published version
Phys. Rev. D 104, 064040 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.064040
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A double new class of solutions to the general relativity field equations describing interior spacetimes sourced by stationary cylindrical anisotropic fluids with principal stress directed along the symmetry axis is displayed. These solutions are required to satisfy regularity and junction conditions so that they can be possibly used to represent rotating astrophysical objects. Mathematical and physical properties are analyzed. The spacetime two independent parameters are physically interpreted, and they are shown to define two different solution classes together with stating the latters' properties.
[ { "created": "Sun, 20 Jun 2021 13:37:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 3 Jul 2021 09:08:26 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 4 Sep 2021 07:10:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-09-22
[ [ "Célérier", "Marie-Noëlle", "", "Laboratoire Univers et THéories,\n Observatoire de Paris" ] ]
A double new class of solutions to the general relativity field equations describing interior spacetimes sourced by stationary cylindrical anisotropic fluids with principal stress directed along the symmetry axis is displayed. These solutions are required to satisfy regularity and junction conditions so that they can be possibly used to represent rotating astrophysical objects. Mathematical and physical properties are analyzed. The spacetime two independent parameters are physically interpreted, and they are shown to define two different solution classes together with stating the latters' properties.
2111.01779
Thiago Barbosa Guerreiro
Thiago Guerreiro, Francesco Coradeschi, Antonia Micol Frassino, Jennifer Rittenhouse West, Enrico Junior Schioppa
Quantum signatures in nonlinear gravitational waves
16 pages, 2 figures; accepted final version, expanded work, added quantum state reconstruction and more detailed calculations and information, comments welcome
Quantum 6, 879 (2022)
10.22331/q-2022-12-19-879
null
gr-qc hep-ph quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The effective quantum field theory description of gravity, despite its non-renormalizability, allows for predictions beyond classical general relativity. As we enter the age of gravitational wave astronomy, an important and timely question is whether measurable quantum predictions that depart from classical gravity, analogous to quantum optics effects which cannot be explained by classical electrodynamics, can be found. In this work, we investigate quantum signatures in gravitational waves using tools from quantum optics. Squeezed-coherent gravitational waves, which can exhibit sub-Poissonian graviton statistics, can enhance or suppress the signal measured by an interferometer, a characteristic effect of quantum squeezing. Moreover, we show that Gaussian gravitational wave quantum states can be reconstructed from measurements over an ensemble of optical fields interacting with a single copy of the gravitational wave, thus opening the possibility of detecting quantum features of gravity beyond classical general relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Nov 2021 17:55:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 Feb 2022 20:07:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 Sep 2022 19:29:05 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Dec 2022 23:52:31 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2022-12-21
[ [ "Guerreiro", "Thiago", "" ], [ "Coradeschi", "Francesco", "" ], [ "Frassino", "Antonia Micol", "" ], [ "West", "Jennifer Rittenhouse", "" ], [ "Schioppa", "Enrico Junior", "" ] ]
The effective quantum field theory description of gravity, despite its non-renormalizability, allows for predictions beyond classical general relativity. As we enter the age of gravitational wave astronomy, an important and timely question is whether measurable quantum predictions that depart from classical gravity, analogous to quantum optics effects which cannot be explained by classical electrodynamics, can be found. In this work, we investigate quantum signatures in gravitational waves using tools from quantum optics. Squeezed-coherent gravitational waves, which can exhibit sub-Poissonian graviton statistics, can enhance or suppress the signal measured by an interferometer, a characteristic effect of quantum squeezing. Moreover, we show that Gaussian gravitational wave quantum states can be reconstructed from measurements over an ensemble of optical fields interacting with a single copy of the gravitational wave, thus opening the possibility of detecting quantum features of gravity beyond classical general relativity.
0806.2683
Mariusz Dabrowski P.
Mariusz P. Dabrowski, Janusz Garecki and David B. Blaschke
Conformal transformations and conformal invariance in gravitation
REVTEX 4, 28 pages, no figures, version to match a published paper
Annalen Phys. (Berlin) 18 (2009), 13-32.
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Conformal transformations are frequently used tools in order to study relations between various theories of gravity and the Einstein relativity. In this paper we discuss the rules of these transformations for geometric quantities as well as for the matter energy-momentum tensor. We show the subtlety of the matter energy-momentum conservation law which refers to the fact that the conformal transformation "creates" an extra matter term composed of the conformal factor which enters the conservation law. In an extreme case of the flat original spacetime the matter is "created" due to work done by the conformal transformation to bend the spacetime which was originally flat. We discuss how to construct the conformally invariant gravity theories and also find the conformal transformation rules for the curvature invariants $R^2$, $R_{ab}R^{ab}$, $R_{abcd}R^{abcd}$ and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant in a spacetime of an arbitrary dimension. Finally, we present the conformal transformation rules in the fashion of the duality transformations of the superstring theory. In such a case the transitions between conformal frames reduce to a simple change of the sign of a redefined conformal factor.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Jun 2008 22:13:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Jul 2008 21:13:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Jan 2009 16:47:02 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-02-20
[ [ "Dabrowski", "Mariusz P.", "" ], [ "Garecki", "Janusz", "" ], [ "Blaschke", "David B.", "" ] ]
Conformal transformations are frequently used tools in order to study relations between various theories of gravity and the Einstein relativity. In this paper we discuss the rules of these transformations for geometric quantities as well as for the matter energy-momentum tensor. We show the subtlety of the matter energy-momentum conservation law which refers to the fact that the conformal transformation "creates" an extra matter term composed of the conformal factor which enters the conservation law. In an extreme case of the flat original spacetime the matter is "created" due to work done by the conformal transformation to bend the spacetime which was originally flat. We discuss how to construct the conformally invariant gravity theories and also find the conformal transformation rules for the curvature invariants $R^2$, $R_{ab}R^{ab}$, $R_{abcd}R^{abcd}$ and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant in a spacetime of an arbitrary dimension. Finally, we present the conformal transformation rules in the fashion of the duality transformations of the superstring theory. In such a case the transitions between conformal frames reduce to a simple change of the sign of a redefined conformal factor.
2003.02741
Andrzej Borowiec
Andrzej Borowiec, Aleksander Kozak
New class of hybrid metric-Palatini scalar-tensor theories of gravity
34 pages in LaTeX, comments and references added, final version published in JCAP
JCAP07(2020)003
10.1088/1475-7516/2020/07/003
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A class of scalar-tensor theories (STT) including a non-metricity that unifies metric, Palatini and hybrid metric-Palatini gravitational actions with non-minimal interaction is proposed and investigated from the point of view of their consistency with generalized conformal transformations. It is shown that every such theory can be represented on-shell by a purely metric STT possessing the same solutions for a metric and a scalar field. A set of generalized invariants is also proposed. This extends the formalism previously introduced in \cite{kozak2019}. We then apply the formalism to Starobinsky model, write down the Friedmann equations for three possible cases: metric, Palatini and hybrid metric-Palatini, and compare some inflationary observables.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 Mar 2020 16:12:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Apr 2020 17:22:06 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 1 Jul 2020 20:58:39 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-07-03
[ [ "Borowiec", "Andrzej", "" ], [ "Kozak", "Aleksander", "" ] ]
A class of scalar-tensor theories (STT) including a non-metricity that unifies metric, Palatini and hybrid metric-Palatini gravitational actions with non-minimal interaction is proposed and investigated from the point of view of their consistency with generalized conformal transformations. It is shown that every such theory can be represented on-shell by a purely metric STT possessing the same solutions for a metric and a scalar field. A set of generalized invariants is also proposed. This extends the formalism previously introduced in \cite{kozak2019}. We then apply the formalism to Starobinsky model, write down the Friedmann equations for three possible cases: metric, Palatini and hybrid metric-Palatini, and compare some inflationary observables.
1312.1322
Farhad Darabi
F. Darabi, A. Parsiya
Cosmology with non-minimal coupled gravity: inflation and perturbation analysis
Reference added
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 155005
10.1088/0264-9381/32/15/155005
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study a scalar-tensor cosmological model where the Einstein tensor is non-minimally coupled to the free scalar field dynamics. Using FRW metric, we investigate the behavior of scale factor for vacuum, matter and dark energy dominated eras. Especially, we focus on the inflationary behavior at early universe. Moreover, we study the perturbation analysis of this model in order to confront the inflation under consideration with the observational results.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Dec 2013 20:42:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 18 Jul 2014 08:44:55 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 Jul 2015 04:44:16 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Jul 2015 12:50:16 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2015-08-06
[ [ "Darabi", "F.", "" ], [ "Parsiya", "A.", "" ] ]
We study a scalar-tensor cosmological model where the Einstein tensor is non-minimally coupled to the free scalar field dynamics. Using FRW metric, we investigate the behavior of scale factor for vacuum, matter and dark energy dominated eras. Especially, we focus on the inflationary behavior at early universe. Moreover, we study the perturbation analysis of this model in order to confront the inflation under consideration with the observational results.
2012.14518
Marcus Reitz
Joren Brunekreef, Marcus Reitz
Approximate Killing symmetries in non-perturbative quantum gravity
39 pages, 15 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/abf412
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
It is an open question whether fluctuations at the Planck scale in a non-perturbative theory of quantum gravity behave in such a way that the resulting semi-classical geometry can be modelled by a space that admits (approximate) Killing symmetries. We have investigated whether the notion of approximate Killing vector fields is suitable to address this question in lattice theories of quantum gravity, such as (Causal) Dynamical Triangulations. We show that it is possible to construct quantum observables related to approximate Killing vector fields using the framework of Discrete Exterior Calculus. We have evaluated the expectation value of one particular choice of observable on three toy models of two-dimensional quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Dec 2020 22:56:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-07-07
[ [ "Brunekreef", "Joren", "" ], [ "Reitz", "Marcus", "" ] ]
It is an open question whether fluctuations at the Planck scale in a non-perturbative theory of quantum gravity behave in such a way that the resulting semi-classical geometry can be modelled by a space that admits (approximate) Killing symmetries. We have investigated whether the notion of approximate Killing vector fields is suitable to address this question in lattice theories of quantum gravity, such as (Causal) Dynamical Triangulations. We show that it is possible to construct quantum observables related to approximate Killing vector fields using the framework of Discrete Exterior Calculus. We have evaluated the expectation value of one particular choice of observable on three toy models of two-dimensional quantum gravity.
gr-qc/9902080
Fredrik Andersson
F. Andersson and S. B. Edgar
Local Existence of Spinor- and Tensor Potentials
28 pages, LaTeX; paper expanded with additional results
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We give new simple direct proofs in all spacetimes for the existence of asymmetric $(n,m+1)$-spinor potentials for completely symmetric $(n+1,m)$-spinors and for the existence of symmetric $(n,1)$-spinor potentials for symmetric $(n+1,0)$-spinors. These proofs introduce a `superpotential', i.e., a potential of the potential, which also enables us to get explicit statements of the gauge freedom of the original potentials. The main application for these results is the Lanczos potential $L_{ABCA'}$, of the Weyl spinor and the electromagnetic vector potential $A_{AA'}$. We also investigate the possibility of existence of a {\em symmetric} potential $H_{ABA'B'}$ for the Lanczos potential, and prove that in {\em all Einstein spacetimes} any symmetric (3,1)-spinor $L_{ABCA'}$ possesses a symmetric potential $H_{ABA'B'}$. Potentials of this type have been found earlier in investigations of some very special spinors in restricted classes of spacetimes. All of the new spinor results are translated into tensor notation, and where possible given also for four dimensional spaces of arbitrary signature.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Feb 1999 09:32:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:46:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Andersson", "F.", "" ], [ "Edgar", "S. B.", "" ] ]
We give new simple direct proofs in all spacetimes for the existence of asymmetric $(n,m+1)$-spinor potentials for completely symmetric $(n+1,m)$-spinors and for the existence of symmetric $(n,1)$-spinor potentials for symmetric $(n+1,0)$-spinors. These proofs introduce a `superpotential', i.e., a potential of the potential, which also enables us to get explicit statements of the gauge freedom of the original potentials. The main application for these results is the Lanczos potential $L_{ABCA'}$, of the Weyl spinor and the electromagnetic vector potential $A_{AA'}$. We also investigate the possibility of existence of a {\em symmetric} potential $H_{ABA'B'}$ for the Lanczos potential, and prove that in {\em all Einstein spacetimes} any symmetric (3,1)-spinor $L_{ABCA'}$ possesses a symmetric potential $H_{ABA'B'}$. Potentials of this type have been found earlier in investigations of some very special spinors in restricted classes of spacetimes. All of the new spinor results are translated into tensor notation, and where possible given also for four dimensional spaces of arbitrary signature.
2207.12226
Everett Patterson
Everett Patterson, Robert B. Mann
Fisher Information of a Black Hole Spacetime
23 pages, 8 figures
null
10.1007/JHEP06(2023)214
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Relativistic quantum metrology is the study of optimal measurement procedures within systems that have both quantum and relativistic components. Here we use Unruh-DeWitt detectors coupled to a massless scalar field as probes of thermal parameters in different spacetimes via a relativistic quantum metrology analysis. We consider both (2+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter and BTZ black hole spacetimes. We compute the Fisher information to identify characteristics of the black hole spacetime and to compare it to a uniformly accelerating detector in anti-de Sitter space. We find the dependence of the Fisher information on temperature, detector energy gap, black hole mass, interaction time, and the initial state of the detector. We identify strategies that maximize the Fisher information and therefore the precision of estimation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Jul 2022 14:27:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Mar 2023 01:34:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-07-26
[ [ "Patterson", "Everett", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert B.", "" ] ]
Relativistic quantum metrology is the study of optimal measurement procedures within systems that have both quantum and relativistic components. Here we use Unruh-DeWitt detectors coupled to a massless scalar field as probes of thermal parameters in different spacetimes via a relativistic quantum metrology analysis. We consider both (2+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter and BTZ black hole spacetimes. We compute the Fisher information to identify characteristics of the black hole spacetime and to compare it to a uniformly accelerating detector in anti-de Sitter space. We find the dependence of the Fisher information on temperature, detector energy gap, black hole mass, interaction time, and the initial state of the detector. We identify strategies that maximize the Fisher information and therefore the precision of estimation.
gr-qc/9912098
Folomeev V. N.
V.N. Folomeev, V.Ts. Gurovich and I.V. Tokareva
Generation of the Scalar Field and Anisotropy at Quantum Creation of the Closed Universe
12 pages, Latex, 1 figure
Nuovo Cim. B115 (2000) 1091-1100
null
null
gr-qc
null
The behaviour of the wave function of the Universe under the barrier for anisotropic cosmological Bianchi type IX model with account of influence of the scalar field is explored. In view of known difficulties with interpretation of multidimensional wave functions the method of reduction of such problems to one-dimensional is offered. For this purpose in frameworks of semiclassical approach the system of characteristics equations relative to one variable is written out. This system describe a bundle of the characteristics along which the multidimensional problem is reduced to one-dimensional one that allows to utillize the standard interpretation of the wave function as well as for usual Schrodinger equation. The obtained results for Bianchi type IX model are reduced to the following statement: the Universe tunnels through the barrier from an isotropic state with zero initial value of the scalar field and appear in classically allowed region with small anisotropy that is necessary for providing of long-lived inflation for deriving the Universe such as ours.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Dec 1999 04:21:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Folomeev", "V. N.", "" ], [ "Gurovich", "V. Ts.", "" ], [ "Tokareva", "I. V.", "" ] ]
The behaviour of the wave function of the Universe under the barrier for anisotropic cosmological Bianchi type IX model with account of influence of the scalar field is explored. In view of known difficulties with interpretation of multidimensional wave functions the method of reduction of such problems to one-dimensional is offered. For this purpose in frameworks of semiclassical approach the system of characteristics equations relative to one variable is written out. This system describe a bundle of the characteristics along which the multidimensional problem is reduced to one-dimensional one that allows to utillize the standard interpretation of the wave function as well as for usual Schrodinger equation. The obtained results for Bianchi type IX model are reduced to the following statement: the Universe tunnels through the barrier from an isotropic state with zero initial value of the scalar field and appear in classically allowed region with small anisotropy that is necessary for providing of long-lived inflation for deriving the Universe such as ours.
1805.12304
Bo Wang
Yang Zhang, Bo Wang
Adiabatic regularization of power spectrum and stress tensor of relic gravitational wave without low-frequency distortion
39 pages, 20 figures. Fix a typo in eq.(2.8)
JCAP 11(2018)006
10.1088/1475-7516/2018/11/006
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Adiabatic regularization is a method to remove UV divergences in quantum fields in curved spacetime. For relic gravitational wave generated during inflation, regularization on all $k$-modes of the power spectrum to 2nd adiabatic order, and of the energy density and pressure to 4th order, respectively, causes low-frequency distortions. To avoid these, we regularize only the short modes inside the horizon during inflation (corresponding to the present frequencies $f \gtrsim 10^{9}$Hz), and keep the long modes intact. Doing this does not violate the energy conservation since the $k$-modes of RGW are independent of each other during inflation. The resulting spectra are UV convergent and simultaneously free of low-frequency distortion, and these properties remain in the present spectra after evolution, in contrast to regularization at the present time which has some distortion or irregularities. The spectra generally exhibit quick oscillations in frequency domain, even if the initial spectra during inflation have no oscillations. This pattern is due to the interference between the positive and negative frequency modes developed during cosmic expansion, and may be probed by future RGW detections.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 May 2018 03:23:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Jun 2019 13:22:04 GMT", "version": "v10" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 Jul 2018 01:30:13 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Sep 2018 13:29:32 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Sep 2018 00:47:16 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Oct 2018 01:49:57 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Sun, 21 Oct 2018 12:43:33 GMT", "version": "v6" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Nov 2018 02:42:08 GMT", "version": "v7" }, { "created": "Thu, 15 Nov 2018 00:42:22 GMT", "version": "v8" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 Feb 2019 02:36:38 GMT", "version": "v9" } ]
2019-06-27
[ [ "Zhang", "Yang", "" ], [ "Wang", "Bo", "" ] ]
Adiabatic regularization is a method to remove UV divergences in quantum fields in curved spacetime. For relic gravitational wave generated during inflation, regularization on all $k$-modes of the power spectrum to 2nd adiabatic order, and of the energy density and pressure to 4th order, respectively, causes low-frequency distortions. To avoid these, we regularize only the short modes inside the horizon during inflation (corresponding to the present frequencies $f \gtrsim 10^{9}$Hz), and keep the long modes intact. Doing this does not violate the energy conservation since the $k$-modes of RGW are independent of each other during inflation. The resulting spectra are UV convergent and simultaneously free of low-frequency distortion, and these properties remain in the present spectra after evolution, in contrast to regularization at the present time which has some distortion or irregularities. The spectra generally exhibit quick oscillations in frequency domain, even if the initial spectra during inflation have no oscillations. This pattern is due to the interference between the positive and negative frequency modes developed during cosmic expansion, and may be probed by future RGW detections.
gr-qc/0001039
Tonatiuh Matos
Tonatiuh Matos, Dario Nu\~nez, Gabino Estevez and Maribel Rios
Rotating 5D-Kaluza-Klein Space-Times from Invariant Transformations
24 pages, latex, no figures. To appear in Gen. Rel. Grav., 32, (2000), in press
Gen.Rel.Grav.32:1499-1525,2000
10.1023/A:1001982001694
CINVESTAV-00/Fis-8
gr-qc
null
Using invariant transformations of the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein (KK) field equations, we find a series of formulae to derive axial symmetric stationary exact solutions of the KK theory starting from static ones. The procedure presented in this work allows to derive new exact solutions up to very simple integrations. Among other results, we find exact rotating solutions containing magnetic monopoles, dipoles, quadripoles, etc., coupled to scalar and to gravitational multipole fields.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Jan 2000 18:03:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Matos", "Tonatiuh", "" ], [ "Nuñez", "Dario", "" ], [ "Estevez", "Gabino", "" ], [ "Rios", "Maribel", "" ] ]
Using invariant transformations of the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein (KK) field equations, we find a series of formulae to derive axial symmetric stationary exact solutions of the KK theory starting from static ones. The procedure presented in this work allows to derive new exact solutions up to very simple integrations. Among other results, we find exact rotating solutions containing magnetic monopoles, dipoles, quadripoles, etc., coupled to scalar and to gravitational multipole fields.
2206.07925
Nils A. Nilsson
Nils A. Nilsson
SME Gravity in the Early Universe
Presented at the Ninth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, May 17-26, 2022
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this talk, we give a short overview of recent work on cosmological solutions within the SME gravitational sector under the assumption of explicit spacetime-symmetry breaking. We show that for the special case of timelike diffeomorphism breaking, the resulting Friedmann equations can be written as standard FLRW cosmology with added dynamical dark energy, and we discuss primordial gravitational waves in the context of this model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Jun 2022 05:03:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-06-17
[ [ "Nilsson", "Nils A.", "" ] ]
In this talk, we give a short overview of recent work on cosmological solutions within the SME gravitational sector under the assumption of explicit spacetime-symmetry breaking. We show that for the special case of timelike diffeomorphism breaking, the resulting Friedmann equations can be written as standard FLRW cosmology with added dynamical dark energy, and we discuss primordial gravitational waves in the context of this model.
gr-qc/0303114
V. Suneeta
V. Suneeta
Quasinormal modes for the SdS black hole : an analytical approximation scheme
12 pages, revtex, refs added and discussion expanded, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 024020
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.024020
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Quasinormal modes for scalar field perturbations of a Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) black hole are investigated. An analytical approximation is proposed for the problem. The quasinormal modes are evaluated for this approximate model in the limit when black hole mass is much smaller than the radius of curvature of the spacetime. The model mirrors some striking features observed in numerical studies of time behaviour of scalar perturbations of the SdS black hole. In particular, it shows the presence of two sets of modes relevant at two different time scales, proportional to the surface gravities of the black hole and cosmological horizons respectively. These quasinormal modes are not complete - another feature observed in numerical studies. Refinements of this model to yield more accurate quantitative agreement with numerical studies are discussed. Further investigations of this model are outlined, which would provide a valuable insight into time behaviour of perturbations in the SdS spacetime.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 Mar 2003 16:08:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 May 2003 09:51:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Suneeta", "V.", "" ] ]
Quasinormal modes for scalar field perturbations of a Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) black hole are investigated. An analytical approximation is proposed for the problem. The quasinormal modes are evaluated for this approximate model in the limit when black hole mass is much smaller than the radius of curvature of the spacetime. The model mirrors some striking features observed in numerical studies of time behaviour of scalar perturbations of the SdS black hole. In particular, it shows the presence of two sets of modes relevant at two different time scales, proportional to the surface gravities of the black hole and cosmological horizons respectively. These quasinormal modes are not complete - another feature observed in numerical studies. Refinements of this model to yield more accurate quantitative agreement with numerical studies are discussed. Further investigations of this model are outlined, which would provide a valuable insight into time behaviour of perturbations in the SdS spacetime.
1101.4890
Hongwei Xiong
Hongwei Xiong
Abnormal Quantum Gravity Effect: Experimental Scheme with Superfluid Helium Sphere and Applications to Accelerating Universe
Much better presentation has been given in my published paper "Repulsive gravitational effect of a quantum wave packet and experimental scheme with superfluid helium" (Front. Phys. 10, 100401 (2015)) [See arXiv:1101.1270] and another paper "On the quantitative calculation of the cosmological constant of the quantum vacuum"[See arXiv:1805.10440]
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO cond-mat.quant-gas hep-th math-ph math.MP quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
From the general assumption that gravity originates from the coupling and thermal equilibrium between matter and vacuum, after a derivation of Newton's law of gravitation and an interpretation of the attractive gravity force between two classical objects, we consider the macroscopic quantum gravity effect for particles whose wave packets are delocalized at macroscopic scale. We predict an abnormal repulsive gravity effect in this work. For a sphere full of superfluid helium, it is shown that with a gravimeter placed in this sphere, the sensitivities of the gravity acceleration $\Delta g/g$ below $10^{-8}$ could be used to test the abnormal quantum gravity effect, which satisfies the present experimental technique of atom interferometer, free-fall absolute gravimeters and superconducting gravimeters. We further propose a self-consistent field equation including the quantum effect of gravity. As an application of this field equation, we give a simple interpretation of the accelerating universe due to dark energy. Based on the idea that the dark energy originates from the quantum gravity effect of vacuum excitations due to the coupling between matter and vacuum, without any fitting parameter, the ratio between dark energy density and matter density (including dark matter) is calculated as 2.2, which agrees quantitatively with the result 7/3 obtained from various astronomical observations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Jan 2011 18:31:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Feb 2011 11:15:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 May 2011 07:46:38 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Dec 2018 12:05:57 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2018-12-05
[ [ "Xiong", "Hongwei", "" ] ]
From the general assumption that gravity originates from the coupling and thermal equilibrium between matter and vacuum, after a derivation of Newton's law of gravitation and an interpretation of the attractive gravity force between two classical objects, we consider the macroscopic quantum gravity effect for particles whose wave packets are delocalized at macroscopic scale. We predict an abnormal repulsive gravity effect in this work. For a sphere full of superfluid helium, it is shown that with a gravimeter placed in this sphere, the sensitivities of the gravity acceleration $\Delta g/g$ below $10^{-8}$ could be used to test the abnormal quantum gravity effect, which satisfies the present experimental technique of atom interferometer, free-fall absolute gravimeters and superconducting gravimeters. We further propose a self-consistent field equation including the quantum effect of gravity. As an application of this field equation, we give a simple interpretation of the accelerating universe due to dark energy. Based on the idea that the dark energy originates from the quantum gravity effect of vacuum excitations due to the coupling between matter and vacuum, without any fitting parameter, the ratio between dark energy density and matter density (including dark matter) is calculated as 2.2, which agrees quantitatively with the result 7/3 obtained from various astronomical observations.
2202.09543
Rahul Nigam
Suraj Maurya, Sashideep Gutti, Rahul Nigam
Volume of a rotating black hole in 2+1 dimensions
null
Phys. Lett. B 833, 137381 (2022)
10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137381
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
In this article we apply the technique for maximal volume estimation of a black hole developed by Christodoulou and Rovelli for Schwarzchild blackhole and by Zhang et al for non rotating BTZ black hole, to the case of a rotating black hole in 2+1 dimensions. We derive the equation of the maximal hypersurface for the rotating BTZ blackhole using the Lagrangian formulation demonstrated by Christodoulou and Rovelli . Further we use maximization technique illustrated earlier by Bengtsson et al for Kerr black hole to arrive at the similar result for our case. We argue that the maximum contribution to the volume of the hypersurface comes from what we call the steady state radius, which we show depends on mass M and the AdS length scale. We demonstrate that this steady state radius can be arrived at using independent considerations of vanishing extrinsic curvature. We show that the volume of this segment of the maximal hypersurface, the CR volume, depends on mass, AdS length scale and angular momentum J. We further compute the entropy of a scalar field living on the maximal hypersurface for a near extremal black hole and show that it is proportional to the horizon entropy of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Sat, 19 Feb 2022 07:38:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-02
[ [ "Maurya", "Suraj", "" ], [ "Gutti", "Sashideep", "" ], [ "Nigam", "Rahul", "" ] ]
In this article we apply the technique for maximal volume estimation of a black hole developed by Christodoulou and Rovelli for Schwarzchild blackhole and by Zhang et al for non rotating BTZ black hole, to the case of a rotating black hole in 2+1 dimensions. We derive the equation of the maximal hypersurface for the rotating BTZ blackhole using the Lagrangian formulation demonstrated by Christodoulou and Rovelli . Further we use maximization technique illustrated earlier by Bengtsson et al for Kerr black hole to arrive at the similar result for our case. We argue that the maximum contribution to the volume of the hypersurface comes from what we call the steady state radius, which we show depends on mass M and the AdS length scale. We demonstrate that this steady state radius can be arrived at using independent considerations of vanishing extrinsic curvature. We show that the volume of this segment of the maximal hypersurface, the CR volume, depends on mass, AdS length scale and angular momentum J. We further compute the entropy of a scalar field living on the maximal hypersurface for a near extremal black hole and show that it is proportional to the horizon entropy of the black hole.
1208.0941
Luis P. Chimento
Luis P. Chimento, Adriana E. Cossarini and Alejandro S. Jakubi
Exact self-interacting scalar field cosmologies
5 pages
Proceedings of the conference in celebration of the 65 th Birthday of Professor Jerzy Plebanski. M\'exico DF, M\'exico, 2-4 June 1993. (World Scientific, Singapore, 1994)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We solve isotropic, homogeneous cosmological models containing a self-interacting scalar field. Calculations are performed in four and two-dimensional spacetimes. We find several exact solutions that have an inflationary regime or has a final Friedmann stage. Also their asymptotically stability is studied.
[ { "created": "Sat, 4 Aug 2012 15:27:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-08-07
[ [ "Chimento", "Luis P.", "" ], [ "Cossarini", "Adriana E.", "" ], [ "Jakubi", "Alejandro S.", "" ] ]
We solve isotropic, homogeneous cosmological models containing a self-interacting scalar field. Calculations are performed in four and two-dimensional spacetimes. We find several exact solutions that have an inflationary regime or has a final Friedmann stage. Also their asymptotically stability is studied.
gr-qc/0308066
Stefan Haesen
Stefan Haesen, Leopold Verstraelen
Ideally embedded space-times
layout changed and typos corrected; uses revtex4
J.Math.Phys. 45 (2004) 1497-1510
10.1063/1.1668333
null
gr-qc
null
Due to the growing interest in embeddings of space-time in higher-dimensional spaces we consider a specific type of embedding. After proving an inequality between intrinsically defined curvature invariants and the squared mean curvature, we extend the notion of ideal embeddings from Riemannian geometry to the indefinite case. Ideal embeddings are such that the embedded manifold receives the least amount of tension from the surrounding space. Then it is shown that the de Sitter spaces, a Robertson-Walker space-time and some anisotropic perfect fluid metrics can be ideally embedded in a five-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Aug 2003 11:48:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2004 11:37:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Haesen", "Stefan", "" ], [ "Verstraelen", "Leopold", "" ] ]
Due to the growing interest in embeddings of space-time in higher-dimensional spaces we consider a specific type of embedding. After proving an inequality between intrinsically defined curvature invariants and the squared mean curvature, we extend the notion of ideal embeddings from Riemannian geometry to the indefinite case. Ideal embeddings are such that the embedded manifold receives the least amount of tension from the surrounding space. Then it is shown that the de Sitter spaces, a Robertson-Walker space-time and some anisotropic perfect fluid metrics can be ideally embedded in a five-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space.
gr-qc/0401007
Sung Won Kim
Sung-Won Kim
Gravitational perturbation of traversable wormhole
7 pages, Revtex4, 4 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper, we study the perturbation problem of the scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational waves under the traversable Lorentzian wormhole geometry. The unified form of the potential for the Schr\"odinger type one-dimensional wave equation is found.
[ { "created": "Sat, 3 Jan 2004 06:58:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kim", "Sung-Won", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the perturbation problem of the scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational waves under the traversable Lorentzian wormhole geometry. The unified form of the potential for the Schr\"odinger type one-dimensional wave equation is found.
1808.09081
Brian Dolan
Brian P Dolan
The definition of mass in asymptotically de Sitter space-times
12 pages plus one 5 page appendix
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ab0bdb
DIAS-STP-18-10
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An invariant definition of mass in asymptotically de-Sitter space-times is given that relies on the existence of a time-like Killing vector on a sphere surrounding the mass but does not require going to an asymptotic region. In particular the mass can be calculated exactly on a sphere inside the cosmological horizon. The formalism requires varying the background metric solution by a perturbation that satisfies the linearized equations of motion but need not share the Killing symmetry of the solution and is therefore ideally suited to calculating masses in stationary space-times perturbed by a gravitational wave without going beyond the cosmological horizon.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Aug 2018 01:25:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-03-27
[ [ "Dolan", "Brian P", "" ] ]
An invariant definition of mass in asymptotically de-Sitter space-times is given that relies on the existence of a time-like Killing vector on a sphere surrounding the mass but does not require going to an asymptotic region. In particular the mass can be calculated exactly on a sphere inside the cosmological horizon. The formalism requires varying the background metric solution by a perturbation that satisfies the linearized equations of motion but need not share the Killing symmetry of the solution and is therefore ideally suited to calculating masses in stationary space-times perturbed by a gravitational wave without going beyond the cosmological horizon.
0903.0100
Thomas Prince
Bernard F. Schutz, Joan Centrella, Curt Cutler, Scott A. Hughes
Will Einstein Have the Last Word on Gravity?
Science White Paper submitted to the Astro2010 Decadal Survey
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This is a whitepaper submitted to the 2010 Astronomy Decadal Review process, addressing the potential tests of gravity theory that could be made by observations of gravitational waves in the milliHertz frequency band by the proposed ESA-NASA gravitational wave observatory LISA. A key issue is that observations in this band of binary systems consisting of black holes offer very clean tests with high signal-to-noise ratios. Gravitational waves would probe nonlinear gravity and could reveal small corrections, such as extra long-range fields that arise in unified theories, deviations of the metric around massive black holes from the Kerr solution, massive gravitons, chiral effects, and effects of extra dimensions. The availability of strong signals from massive black hole binaries as well as complex signals from extreme mass-ratio binaries is unique to the milliHertz waveband and makes LISA a particularly sensitive probe of the validity of general relativity.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Feb 2009 19:44:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-03-03
[ [ "Schutz", "Bernard F.", "" ], [ "Centrella", "Joan", "" ], [ "Cutler", "Curt", "" ], [ "Hughes", "Scott A.", "" ] ]
This is a whitepaper submitted to the 2010 Astronomy Decadal Review process, addressing the potential tests of gravity theory that could be made by observations of gravitational waves in the milliHertz frequency band by the proposed ESA-NASA gravitational wave observatory LISA. A key issue is that observations in this band of binary systems consisting of black holes offer very clean tests with high signal-to-noise ratios. Gravitational waves would probe nonlinear gravity and could reveal small corrections, such as extra long-range fields that arise in unified theories, deviations of the metric around massive black holes from the Kerr solution, massive gravitons, chiral effects, and effects of extra dimensions. The availability of strong signals from massive black hole binaries as well as complex signals from extreme mass-ratio binaries is unique to the milliHertz waveband and makes LISA a particularly sensitive probe of the validity of general relativity.