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2110.05938
Pascal Koiran
Pascal Koiran
Infall time in the Eddington-Finkelstein metric, with application to Einstein-Rosen bridges
To appear in International Journal of Modern Physics D
null
10.1142/S0218271821501066
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Eddington-Finkelstein metric is obtained from the Schwarzschild metric by a change of the time variable. It is well known that a test mass falling into a black hole does not reach the event horizon for any finite value of the Schwarzschild time variable $t$. By contrast, we show that the event horizon is reached for a finite value of the Eddington-Finkelstein time variable $t'$. Then we study in Eddington-Finkelstein time the fate of a massive particle traversing an Einstein-Rosen bridge and obtain a different conclusion than recent proposals in the literature: we show that the particle reaches the wormhole throat for a finite value $t'_1$ of the time marker $t'$, and continues its trajectory across the throat for $t'>t'_1$. Such a behavior does not make sense in Schwarzschild time since it would amount to continuing the trajectory of the particle "beyond the end of time."
[ { "created": "Sat, 9 Oct 2021 15:35:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-10-13
[ [ "Koiran", "Pascal", "" ] ]
The Eddington-Finkelstein metric is obtained from the Schwarzschild metric by a change of the time variable. It is well known that a test mass falling into a black hole does not reach the event horizon for any finite value of the Schwarzschild time variable $t$. By contrast, we show that the event horizon is reached for a finite value of the Eddington-Finkelstein time variable $t'$. Then we study in Eddington-Finkelstein time the fate of a massive particle traversing an Einstein-Rosen bridge and obtain a different conclusion than recent proposals in the literature: we show that the particle reaches the wormhole throat for a finite value $t'_1$ of the time marker $t'$, and continues its trajectory across the throat for $t'>t'_1$. Such a behavior does not make sense in Schwarzschild time since it would amount to continuing the trajectory of the particle "beyond the end of time."
gr-qc/0111026
Sergio M. C. V. Goncalves
Sergio M. C. V. Goncalves (Yale), Sanjay Jhingan (YITP, Japan), and Giulio Magli (Milano, Italy)
The spectrum of endstates of gravitational collapse with tangential stresses
9 pages, revtex4; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 064011
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.064011
null
gr-qc
null
The final state--black hole or naked singularity--of the gravitational collapse of a marginally bound matter configuration in the presence of tangential stresses is classified, in full generality, in terms of the initial data and equation of state. If the tangential pressure is sufficiently strong, configurations that would otherwise evolve to a spacelike singularity, result in a locally naked singularity, both in the homogeneous and in the general, inhomogeneous density case.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Nov 2001 17:14:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Goncalves", "Sergio M. C. V.", "", "Yale" ], [ "Jhingan", "Sanjay", "", "YITP, Japan" ], [ "Magli", "Giulio", "", "Milano, Italy" ] ]
The final state--black hole or naked singularity--of the gravitational collapse of a marginally bound matter configuration in the presence of tangential stresses is classified, in full generality, in terms of the initial data and equation of state. If the tangential pressure is sufficiently strong, configurations that would otherwise evolve to a spacelike singularity, result in a locally naked singularity, both in the homogeneous and in the general, inhomogeneous density case.
gr-qc/9905104
Dzhunushaliev Vladimir
V. Dzhunushaliev and D. Singleton
Experimental test for extra dimensions in Kaluza-Klein gravity
11 pages, 3 PS.figures, REVTEX, the quality of the figures are improved
Gen.Rel.Grav. 32 (2000) 271-280
10.1023/A:1001943725858
null
gr-qc
null
5D Kaluza-Klein gravity has several nonasymptotically flat solutions which generally, possessed both electric and magnetic charges. In this paper we suggest that these solutions can act as quantum virtual handles (wormholes) in spacetime foam models. By applying a sufficently large, external electric and/or magnetic field it may be possible to ``inflate'' these solutions from a quantum to a classical state. This effect would lead to a possible experimental signal for higher dimensions in multidimensional gravity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 May 1999 08:00:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Feb 2000 09:21:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "V.", "" ], [ "Singleton", "D.", "" ] ]
5D Kaluza-Klein gravity has several nonasymptotically flat solutions which generally, possessed both electric and magnetic charges. In this paper we suggest that these solutions can act as quantum virtual handles (wormholes) in spacetime foam models. By applying a sufficently large, external electric and/or magnetic field it may be possible to ``inflate'' these solutions from a quantum to a classical state. This effect would lead to a possible experimental signal for higher dimensions in multidimensional gravity.
0909.3924
Junko Ohashi
Junko Ohashi, Shinji Tsujikawa
Assisted dark energy
14 pages, 12 figures, version to appear in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev.D80:103513,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.103513
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmological scaling solutions, which give rise to a scalar-field density proportional to a background fluid density during radiation and matter eras, are attractive to alleviate the energy scale problem of dark energy. In the presence of multiple scalar fields the scaling solution can exit to the epoch of cosmic acceleration through the so-called assisted inflation mechanism. We study cosmological dynamics of a multi-field system in details with a general Lagrangian density p=sum_{i=1}^n X_i g(X_i e^{lambda_i phi_i}), where X_i=-(nabla phi_i)^2/2 is the kinetic energy of the i-th field phi_i, lambda_i is a constant, and g is an arbitrary function in terms of Y_i=X_i e^{lambda_i phi_i}. This covers most of the scalar-field models of dark energy proposed in literature that possess scaling solutions. Using the bound coming from Big-Bang-Nucleosynthesis and the condition under which the each field cannot drive inflation as a single component of the universe, we find the following features: (i) a transient or eternal cosmic acceleration can be realized after the scaling matter era, (ii) a "thawing" property of assisting scalar fields is crucial to determine the evolution of the field equation of state w_{phi}, and (iii) the field equation of state today can be consistent with the observational bound w_{phi}<-0.8 in the presence of multiple scalar fields.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Sep 2009 07:30:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Oct 2009 12:31:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-03-25
[ [ "Ohashi", "Junko", "" ], [ "Tsujikawa", "Shinji", "" ] ]
Cosmological scaling solutions, which give rise to a scalar-field density proportional to a background fluid density during radiation and matter eras, are attractive to alleviate the energy scale problem of dark energy. In the presence of multiple scalar fields the scaling solution can exit to the epoch of cosmic acceleration through the so-called assisted inflation mechanism. We study cosmological dynamics of a multi-field system in details with a general Lagrangian density p=sum_{i=1}^n X_i g(X_i e^{lambda_i phi_i}), where X_i=-(nabla phi_i)^2/2 is the kinetic energy of the i-th field phi_i, lambda_i is a constant, and g is an arbitrary function in terms of Y_i=X_i e^{lambda_i phi_i}. This covers most of the scalar-field models of dark energy proposed in literature that possess scaling solutions. Using the bound coming from Big-Bang-Nucleosynthesis and the condition under which the each field cannot drive inflation as a single component of the universe, we find the following features: (i) a transient or eternal cosmic acceleration can be realized after the scaling matter era, (ii) a "thawing" property of assisting scalar fields is crucial to determine the evolution of the field equation of state w_{phi}, and (iii) the field equation of state today can be consistent with the observational bound w_{phi}<-0.8 in the presence of multiple scalar fields.
0804.3157
Guillermo A. Mena Marugan
M. Martin-Benito, G. A. Mena Marugan, and T. Pawlowski
Loop Quantization of Vacuum Bianchi I Cosmology
10 pages, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev.D78:064008,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.064008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the loop quantization of the family of vacuum Bianchi I spacetimes, a gravitational system whose classical solutions describe homogeneous anisotropic cosmologies. We rigorously construct the operator that represents the Hamiltonian constraint, showing that the states of zero volume completely decouple from the rest of quantum states. This fact ensures that the classical cosmological singularity is resolved in the quantum theory. In addition, this allows us to adopt an equivalent quantum description in terms of a well defined densitized Hamiltonian constraint. This latter constraint can be regarded in a certain sense as a difference evolution equation in an internal time provided by one of the triad components, which is polymerically quantized. Generically, this evolution equation is a relation between the projection of the quantum states in three different sections of constant internal time. Nevertheless, around the initial singularity the equation involves only the two closest sections with the same orientation of the triad. This has a double effect: on the one hand, physical states are determined just by the data on one section, on the other hand, the evolution defined in this way never crosses the singularity, without the need of any special boundary condition. Finally, we provide these physical states with a Hilbert structure, completing the quantization.
[ { "created": "Sat, 19 Apr 2008 16:21:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Aug 2008 12:28:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-02-20
[ [ "Martin-Benito", "M.", "" ], [ "Marugan", "G. A. Mena", "" ], [ "Pawlowski", "T.", "" ] ]
We analyze the loop quantization of the family of vacuum Bianchi I spacetimes, a gravitational system whose classical solutions describe homogeneous anisotropic cosmologies. We rigorously construct the operator that represents the Hamiltonian constraint, showing that the states of zero volume completely decouple from the rest of quantum states. This fact ensures that the classical cosmological singularity is resolved in the quantum theory. In addition, this allows us to adopt an equivalent quantum description in terms of a well defined densitized Hamiltonian constraint. This latter constraint can be regarded in a certain sense as a difference evolution equation in an internal time provided by one of the triad components, which is polymerically quantized. Generically, this evolution equation is a relation between the projection of the quantum states in three different sections of constant internal time. Nevertheless, around the initial singularity the equation involves only the two closest sections with the same orientation of the triad. This has a double effect: on the one hand, physical states are determined just by the data on one section, on the other hand, the evolution defined in this way never crosses the singularity, without the need of any special boundary condition. Finally, we provide these physical states with a Hilbert structure, completing the quantization.
gr-qc/0008065
Lior M. Burko
Lior M. Burko (Caltech), Yuk Tung Liu (Caltech), and Yoav Soen (Technion)
Self force on charges in the spacetime of spherical shells
23 pages, 7 Encapsulated PostScript figures, RevTeX
Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) 024015
10.1103/PhysRevD.63.024015
null
gr-qc
null
We study the self force acting on static electric or scalar charges inside or outside a spherical, massive, thin shell. The regularization of the self force is done using the recently-proposed Mode Sum Regularization Prescription. In all cases the self force acting on the charge is repulsive. We find that in the scalar case the force is quadratic in the mass of the shell, and is a second post-Newtonian effect. For the electric case the force is linear in the shell's mass, and is a first post-Newtonian effect. When the charge is outside the shell our results correct the known zero self force in the scalar case or the known repulsive, inverse-cubic force law in the electric case, for the finite size of the shell. When the charge is near the center of the shell the charge undergoes harmonic oscillations.
[ { "created": "Sun, 27 Aug 2000 22:19:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Burko", "Lior M.", "", "Caltech" ], [ "Liu", "Yuk Tung", "", "Caltech" ], [ "Soen", "Yoav", "", "Technion" ] ]
We study the self force acting on static electric or scalar charges inside or outside a spherical, massive, thin shell. The regularization of the self force is done using the recently-proposed Mode Sum Regularization Prescription. In all cases the self force acting on the charge is repulsive. We find that in the scalar case the force is quadratic in the mass of the shell, and is a second post-Newtonian effect. For the electric case the force is linear in the shell's mass, and is a first post-Newtonian effect. When the charge is outside the shell our results correct the known zero self force in the scalar case or the known repulsive, inverse-cubic force law in the electric case, for the finite size of the shell. When the charge is near the center of the shell the charge undergoes harmonic oscillations.
2111.07704
Sourav Chowdhury Roy
Sourav Roy Chowdhury, Maxim Khlopov
Gravitational waves in the modified gravity
Prepared for Proceedings of XXIV Bled Workshop
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We have taken a modified version of the Einstein Hilbert action, $ f(R, T^\phi) $ gravity under consideration, where $T^\phi$ is the energy-momentum tensor trace for the scalar field under consideration. The structural behaviour of the scalar field considered varies with the form of the potential. The number of polarization modes of gravitational waves in modified theories has been studied extensively for the corresponding fields. There are two additional scalar modes, in addition to the usual two transverse-traceless tensor modes found in general relativity: a massive longitudinal mode and a massless transverse mode (the breathing mode).
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Nov 2021 12:21:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Nov 2021 06:37:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-11-22
[ [ "Chowdhury", "Sourav Roy", "" ], [ "Khlopov", "Maxim", "" ] ]
We have taken a modified version of the Einstein Hilbert action, $ f(R, T^\phi) $ gravity under consideration, where $T^\phi$ is the energy-momentum tensor trace for the scalar field under consideration. The structural behaviour of the scalar field considered varies with the form of the potential. The number of polarization modes of gravitational waves in modified theories has been studied extensively for the corresponding fields. There are two additional scalar modes, in addition to the usual two transverse-traceless tensor modes found in general relativity: a massive longitudinal mode and a massless transverse mode (the breathing mode).
1405.1378
Zeeshan Yousaf
M. Sharif and Z. Yousaf
Stability of a Class of Non-Static Axial Self-Gravitating Systems in $f(R)$ Gravity
Astrophysics and Space Science, 24 pages
Astrophys. Space Sci. 352(2014)943
10.1007/s10509-014-1985-9
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we analyze stability regions of a non-static restricted class of axially symmetric spacetime with anisotropic matter distribution. We consider $f(R)=R+{\epsilon}R^2$ model and assume hydrostatic equilibrium of the axial self-gravitating system at large past time. Considering perturbation from hydrostatic phase, we develop dynamical as well as collapse equations and explore dynamical instabilities at Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes. It is concluded with the help of stiffness parameter, $\Gamma_1$, that radial profile of physical parameters like pressure anisotropy, energy density and higher curvature terms of the $f(R)$ model affect the instability ranges.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Dec 2013 09:44:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 May 2014 03:30:08 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Jun 2014 11:18:07 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-11-19
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Yousaf", "Z.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we analyze stability regions of a non-static restricted class of axially symmetric spacetime with anisotropic matter distribution. We consider $f(R)=R+{\epsilon}R^2$ model and assume hydrostatic equilibrium of the axial self-gravitating system at large past time. Considering perturbation from hydrostatic phase, we develop dynamical as well as collapse equations and explore dynamical instabilities at Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes. It is concluded with the help of stiffness parameter, $\Gamma_1$, that radial profile of physical parameters like pressure anisotropy, energy density and higher curvature terms of the $f(R)$ model affect the instability ranges.
2008.06733
Jun-Jin Peng
Jun-Jin Peng, Chang-Li Zou, Hui-Fa Liu
A Komar-like integral for mass and angular momentum of asymptotically AdS black holes in Einstein gravity
27 pages, No figures, minor revision to V1
Phys. Scr. 96 (2021) 125207
10.1088/1402-4896/ac1cd1
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The purpose of this paper is to enhance the conventional Komar integral to asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes. In order to do so, we first obtain a potential that is the linear combination of the usual Komar potential with two third-order derivative terms generated by the action of the d'Alembertian operator and the exterior derivative upon a Killing vector. Then this higher-order corrected potential is extended to the Einstein gravity with a negative cosmological constant, yielding the potential that is the linear combination of the usual Komar one with it acted on by the d'Alembertian. The surface integral of the improved Komar potential can serve as a formula for conserved charges of asymptotically AdS spacetimes. Finally, we make use of such a formula to compute the mass and the angular momentum of Schwarzschild-AdS black holes, regular AdS black holes, asymptotically AdS Kerr-Sen black holes, Kerr-NUT-AdS black holes, and Kerr-AdS black holes in arbitrary dimensions. The results coincide with the ones in the literature.
[ { "created": "Sat, 15 Aug 2020 15:17:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Sep 2020 23:31:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-24
[ [ "Peng", "Jun-Jin", "" ], [ "Zou", "Chang-Li", "" ], [ "Liu", "Hui-Fa", "" ] ]
The purpose of this paper is to enhance the conventional Komar integral to asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes. In order to do so, we first obtain a potential that is the linear combination of the usual Komar potential with two third-order derivative terms generated by the action of the d'Alembertian operator and the exterior derivative upon a Killing vector. Then this higher-order corrected potential is extended to the Einstein gravity with a negative cosmological constant, yielding the potential that is the linear combination of the usual Komar one with it acted on by the d'Alembertian. The surface integral of the improved Komar potential can serve as a formula for conserved charges of asymptotically AdS spacetimes. Finally, we make use of such a formula to compute the mass and the angular momentum of Schwarzschild-AdS black holes, regular AdS black holes, asymptotically AdS Kerr-Sen black holes, Kerr-NUT-AdS black holes, and Kerr-AdS black holes in arbitrary dimensions. The results coincide with the ones in the literature.
2407.02046
Ryuya Kudo
Ryuya Kudo, Hideki Asada
Correspondence between two exact gravitational lens equations in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime
7 pages, 9 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Virbhadra and Ellis have proposed an exact equation (referred to as VE equation) for the gravitational lens in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime [Phys. Rev. D 62,084003 (2000)], whereas an improved equation (referred to as BTOA equation) has been derived by Bozza [Phys. Rev. D 78, 103005 (2008)] and later by Takizawa, Ono and Asada [Phys. Rev. D, 102, 064060 (2020)]. VE and BTOA equations seem to be very different from each other. The present paper shows that there exists an unphysical branch in VE equation. Consequently, VE equation can be reduced by removing the unphysical branch. The reduced version of VE equation is found to be the same as BTOA equation when a suitable transformation is made between the deflection angles defined differently in the two formulations. An explicit expression of the transformation is found. We also argue possible numerical errors when the transformation between the deflection angles is ignored.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Jul 2024 08:19:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-03
[ [ "Kudo", "Ryuya", "" ], [ "Asada", "Hideki", "" ] ]
Virbhadra and Ellis have proposed an exact equation (referred to as VE equation) for the gravitational lens in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime [Phys. Rev. D 62,084003 (2000)], whereas an improved equation (referred to as BTOA equation) has been derived by Bozza [Phys. Rev. D 78, 103005 (2008)] and later by Takizawa, Ono and Asada [Phys. Rev. D, 102, 064060 (2020)]. VE and BTOA equations seem to be very different from each other. The present paper shows that there exists an unphysical branch in VE equation. Consequently, VE equation can be reduced by removing the unphysical branch. The reduced version of VE equation is found to be the same as BTOA equation when a suitable transformation is made between the deflection angles defined differently in the two formulations. An explicit expression of the transformation is found. We also argue possible numerical errors when the transformation between the deflection angles is ignored.
gr-qc/9711073
Thomas Kloesch
T. Kloesch and T. Strobl
Complete Classification of 1+1 Gravity Solutions
3 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure, Talk presented at the Eighth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG8), Jerusalem, June 1997
null
null
TUW-97-18, PITHA 97/41
gr-qc
null
A classification of the maximally extended solutions for 1+1 gravity models (comprising e.g. generalized dilaton gravity as well as models with non-trivial torsion) is presented. No restrictions are placed on the topology of the arising solutions, and indeed it is found that for generic models solutions on non-compact surfaces of arbitrary genus with an arbitrary non-zero number of holes can be obtained. The moduli space of classical solutions (solutions of the field equations with fixed topology modulo gauge transformations) is parametrized explicitly.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Nov 1997 12:01:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kloesch", "T.", "" ], [ "Strobl", "T.", "" ] ]
A classification of the maximally extended solutions for 1+1 gravity models (comprising e.g. generalized dilaton gravity as well as models with non-trivial torsion) is presented. No restrictions are placed on the topology of the arising solutions, and indeed it is found that for generic models solutions on non-compact surfaces of arbitrary genus with an arbitrary non-zero number of holes can be obtained. The moduli space of classical solutions (solutions of the field equations with fixed topology modulo gauge transformations) is parametrized explicitly.
1402.6252
Thomas B\"ackdahl
Lars Andersson, Thomas B\"ackdahl and Pieter Blue
Second order symmetry operators
34 pages. Mathematica notebook available from http://hdl.handle.net/10283/541
Class. Quantum Grav. 31 135015 (2014)
10.1088/0264-9381/31/13/135015
null
gr-qc math.AP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using systematic calculations in spinor language, we obtain simple descriptions of the second order symmetry operators for the conformal wave equation, the Dirac-Weyl equation and the Maxwell equation on a curved four dimensional Lorentzian manifold. The conditions for existence of symmetry operators for the different equations are seen to be related. Computer algebra tools have been developed and used to systematically reduce the equations to a form which allows geometrical interpretation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Feb 2014 17:42:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Jun 2014 13:12:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-06-20
[ [ "Andersson", "Lars", "" ], [ "Bäckdahl", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Blue", "Pieter", "" ] ]
Using systematic calculations in spinor language, we obtain simple descriptions of the second order symmetry operators for the conformal wave equation, the Dirac-Weyl equation and the Maxwell equation on a curved four dimensional Lorentzian manifold. The conditions for existence of symmetry operators for the different equations are seen to be related. Computer algebra tools have been developed and used to systematically reduce the equations to a form which allows geometrical interpretation.
2209.14834
Reginald Christian Bernardo
Reginald Christian Bernardo and Kin-Wang Ng
Pulsar and cosmic variances of pulsar timing-array correlation measurements of the stochastic gravitational wave background
25 pages, 6 figures, minor changes, to appear in JCAP, code in https://github.com/reggiebernardo/PTAfast
JCAP 11 (2022) 046
10.1088/1475-7516/2022/11/046
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Pulsar timing-array correlation measurements offer an exciting opportunity to test the nature of gravity in the cosmologically novel nanohertz gravitational wave regime. The stochastic gravitational wave background is assumed Gaussian and random, while there are limited pulsar pairs in the sky. This brings theoretical uncertainties to the correlation measurements, namely the pulsar variance due to pulsar samplings and the cosmic variance due to Gaussian signals. We demonstrate a straightforward calculation of the mean and the variances on the Hellings-Downs correlation relying on a power spectrum formalism. We keep arbitrary pulsar distances and consider gravitational wave modes beyond Einstein gravity as well as off the light cone throughout, thereby presenting the most general and, most importantly, numerically efficient calculation of the variances.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Sep 2022 14:50:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2022 06:35:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-11-23
[ [ "Bernardo", "Reginald Christian", "" ], [ "Ng", "Kin-Wang", "" ] ]
Pulsar timing-array correlation measurements offer an exciting opportunity to test the nature of gravity in the cosmologically novel nanohertz gravitational wave regime. The stochastic gravitational wave background is assumed Gaussian and random, while there are limited pulsar pairs in the sky. This brings theoretical uncertainties to the correlation measurements, namely the pulsar variance due to pulsar samplings and the cosmic variance due to Gaussian signals. We demonstrate a straightforward calculation of the mean and the variances on the Hellings-Downs correlation relying on a power spectrum formalism. We keep arbitrary pulsar distances and consider gravitational wave modes beyond Einstein gravity as well as off the light cone throughout, thereby presenting the most general and, most importantly, numerically efficient calculation of the variances.
gr-qc/9310014
null
J.E.Nelson
The Constraints of 2+1 Quantum Gravity
14 pages, plain TEX, no figures, DFTT 53/93
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
To appear in proceedings of II Workshop on ``Constraints Theory and Quantisation Methods''Montepulciano (Siena) 1993} General discussion of the constraints of 2+1 gravity, with emphasis on two approaches, namely the second order and first order formalisms, and comparison with the four dimensional theory wherever possible. Introduction to an operator algebra approach that has been developed in the last few years in collaboration with T.Regge, and discussion of the quantisation of the g=1 case.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Oct 1993 17:30:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Nelson", "J. E.", "" ] ]
To appear in proceedings of II Workshop on ``Constraints Theory and Quantisation Methods''Montepulciano (Siena) 1993} General discussion of the constraints of 2+1 gravity, with emphasis on two approaches, namely the second order and first order formalisms, and comparison with the four dimensional theory wherever possible. Introduction to an operator algebra approach that has been developed in the last few years in collaboration with T.Regge, and discussion of the quantisation of the g=1 case.
2407.00720
Hamed Barzegar
Hamed Barzegar and Thomas Buchert
On restrictions of current warp drive spacetimes and immediate possibilities of improvement
12 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Looking at current proposals of so-called `warp drive spacetimes', they appear to employ General Relativity only at an elementary level. A number of strong restrictions are imposed such as flow-orthogonality of the spacetime foliation, vanishing spatial Ricci tensor, dimensionally reduced and coordinate-dependent velocity fields, to mention the main restrictions. We here provide a brief summary of our proposal of a general and covariant description of spatial motions within General Relativity, then discuss the restrictions that are employed in the majority of the current literature. That current warp drive models are discussed to be unphysical may not be surprising; they lack important ingredients such as covariantly non-vanishing spatial velocity, acceleration, vorticity, together with curved space, and a warp mechanism.
[ { "created": "Sun, 30 Jun 2024 15:01:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-02
[ [ "Barzegar", "Hamed", "" ], [ "Buchert", "Thomas", "" ] ]
Looking at current proposals of so-called `warp drive spacetimes', they appear to employ General Relativity only at an elementary level. A number of strong restrictions are imposed such as flow-orthogonality of the spacetime foliation, vanishing spatial Ricci tensor, dimensionally reduced and coordinate-dependent velocity fields, to mention the main restrictions. We here provide a brief summary of our proposal of a general and covariant description of spatial motions within General Relativity, then discuss the restrictions that are employed in the majority of the current literature. That current warp drive models are discussed to be unphysical may not be surprising; they lack important ingredients such as covariantly non-vanishing spatial velocity, acceleration, vorticity, together with curved space, and a warp mechanism.
1308.5772
Kourosh Nozari
Kourosh Nozari and Narges Rashidi
Cosmological dynamics of a non-minimally coupled bulk scalar field in DGP setup
25 pages, Accepted for publication in Astrophyics and Space Science
Astrophys. Space Sci. 349 (2014) 549-559
10.1007/s10509-013-1513-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider cosmological dynamics of a canonical bulk scalar field, which is coupled non-minimally to 5-dimensional Ricci scalar in a DGP setup. We show that presence of this non-minimally coupled bulk scalar field affects the jump conditions of the original DGP model significantly. Within a superpotential approach, we perform some numerical analysis of the model parameter space and consider bulk-brane energy exchange in this setup. Also we show that the normal, ghost-free branch of the DGP solutions in this case has the potential to realize a self-consistent phantom-like behavior and therefore explains late time acceleration of the universe in a consistent way.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Aug 2013 07:13:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-17
[ [ "Nozari", "Kourosh", "" ], [ "Rashidi", "Narges", "" ] ]
We consider cosmological dynamics of a canonical bulk scalar field, which is coupled non-minimally to 5-dimensional Ricci scalar in a DGP setup. We show that presence of this non-minimally coupled bulk scalar field affects the jump conditions of the original DGP model significantly. Within a superpotential approach, we perform some numerical analysis of the model parameter space and consider bulk-brane energy exchange in this setup. Also we show that the normal, ghost-free branch of the DGP solutions in this case has the potential to realize a self-consistent phantom-like behavior and therefore explains late time acceleration of the universe in a consistent way.
2011.09842
Sudip Mishra
Soumya Chakraborty, Sudip Mishra, Subenoy Chakraborty
A Dynamical System Analysis of cosmic evolution with coupled phantom dark energy with dark matter
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The present work is an example of the application of the dynamical system analysis in the context of cosmology. Here cosmic evolution is considered in the background of homogeneous and isotropic flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker space-time with interacting dark energy and varying mass dark matter as the matter content. The Dark Energy (DE) is chosen as phantom scalar field with self-interacting potential while the Dark Matter (DM) is in the form of dust. The potential of the scalar field and the mass function of dark matter are chosen as exponential or power-law form or in their product form. Using suitable dimensionless variables the Einstein field equations and the conservation equations constitute an autonomous system. The stability of the non-hyperbolic critical points are analyzed by using center manifold theory. Finally, cosmological phase transitions have been detected through bifurcation analysis which has been done by Poincar\'{e} index theory.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Nov 2020 12:08:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-11-20
[ [ "Chakraborty", "Soumya", "" ], [ "Mishra", "Sudip", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Subenoy", "" ] ]
The present work is an example of the application of the dynamical system analysis in the context of cosmology. Here cosmic evolution is considered in the background of homogeneous and isotropic flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker space-time with interacting dark energy and varying mass dark matter as the matter content. The Dark Energy (DE) is chosen as phantom scalar field with self-interacting potential while the Dark Matter (DM) is in the form of dust. The potential of the scalar field and the mass function of dark matter are chosen as exponential or power-law form or in their product form. Using suitable dimensionless variables the Einstein field equations and the conservation equations constitute an autonomous system. The stability of the non-hyperbolic critical points are analyzed by using center manifold theory. Finally, cosmological phase transitions have been detected through bifurcation analysis which has been done by Poincar\'{e} index theory.
1605.01943
Ahmed Bouda
T. Foughali and A. Bouda
From Fock's Transformation to de Sitter Space
8 pages, no figures
Can. J. Phys. 93 (2015) 734
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
As in Deformed Special Relativity, we showed recently that the Fock coordinate transformation can be derived from a new deformed Poisson brackets. This approach allowed us to establish the corresponding momentum transformation which keeps invariant the four dimensional contraction $p_{\mu} x^{\mu} $. From the resulting deformed algebra, we construct in this paper the corresponding first Casimir. After first quantization, we show by using the Klein-Gordon equation that the spacetime of the Fock transformation is the de Sitter one. As we will see, the invariant length representing the universe radius in the spacetime of Fock's transformation is exactly the radius of the embedded hypersurface representing the de Sitter spacetime.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 May 2016 14:09:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-05-09
[ [ "Foughali", "T.", "" ], [ "Bouda", "A.", "" ] ]
As in Deformed Special Relativity, we showed recently that the Fock coordinate transformation can be derived from a new deformed Poisson brackets. This approach allowed us to establish the corresponding momentum transformation which keeps invariant the four dimensional contraction $p_{\mu} x^{\mu} $. From the resulting deformed algebra, we construct in this paper the corresponding first Casimir. After first quantization, we show by using the Klein-Gordon equation that the spacetime of the Fock transformation is the de Sitter one. As we will see, the invariant length representing the universe radius in the spacetime of Fock's transformation is exactly the radius of the embedded hypersurface representing the de Sitter spacetime.
1305.5014
XiaoXiong Zeng
Yi-Wen Han, Gang Chen, Ming-Jian Lan
Legendre transformations and the thermodynamic geometry of 5D black holes
6 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1207.5626; and text overlap with arXiv:0905.1776, arXiv:0811.2524, arXiv:1104.3723 by other authors
Chinese Physics C 37 (2013) 035101
10.1088/1674-1137/37/3/035101
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
This paper studies the thermodynamic properties of the 5D black hole in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from the viewpoint of geometrothermodynamics. It {is found} that the Legendre invariant metrics of the 5D black {holes} in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Gauss-Bonnet {theory and} Einstein-Maxwell-Gauss-Bonnet {theory} reproduce the behavior of the thermodynamic interaction and phase transition structure of the corresponding black hole configurations {correctly}. It is shown that they are both curved and {that} the curvature scalar {provides} information about the phase transition point.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 May 2013 03:53:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Han", "Yi-Wen", "" ], [ "Chen", "Gang", "" ], [ "Lan", "Ming-Jian", "" ] ]
This paper studies the thermodynamic properties of the 5D black hole in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from the viewpoint of geometrothermodynamics. It {is found} that the Legendre invariant metrics of the 5D black {holes} in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Gauss-Bonnet {theory and} Einstein-Maxwell-Gauss-Bonnet {theory} reproduce the behavior of the thermodynamic interaction and phase transition structure of the corresponding black hole configurations {correctly}. It is shown that they are both curved and {that} the curvature scalar {provides} information about the phase transition point.
2008.11033
Abdul Jawad
Abdul Jawad
Consequences of Thermal Fluctuations of Well-Known Black Holes in Modified Gravity
29 pages, 26 figures, Accepted in CQG for publication
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ab9ad5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum fluctuation consequences have significant role in high-energy physics. These fluctuation often regarded as a correction of the infrared (IR) limit. Such correction contribute to the high-energy limit of thermodynamical quantities and the stability conditions of black holes. In this work, we analyze the thermal stability of black holes in the presence of thermal fluctuations. We consider AdS black hole in Born-Infeld massive gravity with non-abelian hair and the charged AdS black hole with a global monopole. We develop many thermodynamical quantities such as entropy, temperature, pressure, heat capacity of a system at constant volume and pressure, ratio between the heat capacities at constant pressure and volume, Gibbs free energy and Helmholtz free energy for both black holes. The critical behavior and phase transitions of black holes are also presented. We also observe the local and global stability of black holes in the grand canonical ensemble and canonical ensemble for the specific values of different parameters, such as, symmetry breaking parameter $\eta$, massive parameter $m$ and non-abelian hair $\nu$.
[ { "created": "Sat, 22 Aug 2020 19:20:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-08-26
[ [ "Jawad", "Abdul", "" ] ]
Quantum fluctuation consequences have significant role in high-energy physics. These fluctuation often regarded as a correction of the infrared (IR) limit. Such correction contribute to the high-energy limit of thermodynamical quantities and the stability conditions of black holes. In this work, we analyze the thermal stability of black holes in the presence of thermal fluctuations. We consider AdS black hole in Born-Infeld massive gravity with non-abelian hair and the charged AdS black hole with a global monopole. We develop many thermodynamical quantities such as entropy, temperature, pressure, heat capacity of a system at constant volume and pressure, ratio between the heat capacities at constant pressure and volume, Gibbs free energy and Helmholtz free energy for both black holes. The critical behavior and phase transitions of black holes are also presented. We also observe the local and global stability of black holes in the grand canonical ensemble and canonical ensemble for the specific values of different parameters, such as, symmetry breaking parameter $\eta$, massive parameter $m$ and non-abelian hair $\nu$.
1611.08909
Ahmad Borzou
Ahmad Borzou and Behrouz Mirza
A Homogeneous and Isotropic Universe in Lorentz Gauge Theory of Gravity
14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in CQG
Class. Quantum Grav. 34 (2017) 145005
10.1088/1361-6382/aa7647
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Lorentz gauge theory of gravity was recently introduced. We study the homogeneous and isotropic universe of this theory. It is shown that some time after the matter in the universe is diluted enough, at $z \sim 0.6$, the decelerating expansion shifts spontaneously to an accelerating one without a dark energy. We discuss that Lorentz gauge theory puts no constraint on the total energy content of the universe at present time and therefore the magnitude of vacuum energy predicted by field theory is not contradictory anymore. It is demonstrated that in this theory the limit on the number of relativistic particles in the universe is much looser than in GR. An inflationary mechanism is discussed as well. We show that the theory, unlike GR, does not require the slow-roll or similar conditions to drive the inflation at the beginning of the universe.
[ { "created": "Sun, 27 Nov 2016 20:46:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 May 2017 23:52:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-07-04
[ [ "Borzou", "Ahmad", "" ], [ "Mirza", "Behrouz", "" ] ]
Lorentz gauge theory of gravity was recently introduced. We study the homogeneous and isotropic universe of this theory. It is shown that some time after the matter in the universe is diluted enough, at $z \sim 0.6$, the decelerating expansion shifts spontaneously to an accelerating one without a dark energy. We discuss that Lorentz gauge theory puts no constraint on the total energy content of the universe at present time and therefore the magnitude of vacuum energy predicted by field theory is not contradictory anymore. It is demonstrated that in this theory the limit on the number of relativistic particles in the universe is much looser than in GR. An inflationary mechanism is discussed as well. We show that the theory, unlike GR, does not require the slow-roll or similar conditions to drive the inflation at the beginning of the universe.
gr-qc/9812076
Claude Barrabes
C. Barrab\`es, V. Frolov and R. Parentani
Metric Fluctuation Corrections to Hawking Radiation
27 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX. Revised version
Phys.Rev. D59 (1999) 124010
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.124010
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study how fluctuations of the black hole geometry affect the properties of Hawking radiation. Even though we treat the fluctuations classically, we believe that the results so obtained indicate what might be the effects induced by quantum fluctuations in a self consistent treatment. To characterize the fluctuations, we use the model introduced by York in which they are described by an advanced Vaidya metric with a fluctuating mass. Under the assumption of spherical symmetry, we solve the equation of null outgoing rays. Then, by neglecting the greybody factor, we calculate the late time corrections to the s-wave contributions of the energy flux and the asymptotic spectrum. We find three kind of modifications. Firstly, the energy flux fluctuates around its average value with amplitudes and frequencies determined by those of the metric fluctuations. Secondly, this average value receives two positive contributions one of which can be reinterpreted as due to the `renormalisation' of the surface gravity induced by the metric fluctuations. Finally, the asymptotic spectrum is modified by the addition of terms containing thermal factors in which the frequency of the metric fluctuations acts as a chemical potential.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Dec 1998 16:44:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Mar 1999 12:53:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Barrabès", "C.", "" ], [ "Frolov", "V.", "" ], [ "Parentani", "R.", "" ] ]
We study how fluctuations of the black hole geometry affect the properties of Hawking radiation. Even though we treat the fluctuations classically, we believe that the results so obtained indicate what might be the effects induced by quantum fluctuations in a self consistent treatment. To characterize the fluctuations, we use the model introduced by York in which they are described by an advanced Vaidya metric with a fluctuating mass. Under the assumption of spherical symmetry, we solve the equation of null outgoing rays. Then, by neglecting the greybody factor, we calculate the late time corrections to the s-wave contributions of the energy flux and the asymptotic spectrum. We find three kind of modifications. Firstly, the energy flux fluctuates around its average value with amplitudes and frequencies determined by those of the metric fluctuations. Secondly, this average value receives two positive contributions one of which can be reinterpreted as due to the `renormalisation' of the surface gravity induced by the metric fluctuations. Finally, the asymptotic spectrum is modified by the addition of terms containing thermal factors in which the frequency of the metric fluctuations acts as a chemical potential.
1912.03882
Emmanuil Saridakis
Emmanuel N. Saridakis, Shynaray Myrzakul, Kairat Myrzakulov, Koblandy Yerzhanov
Cosmological applications of Myrzakulov gravity
10 pages, 4 figures, version published in Phys.Rev.D
Phys. Rev. D 102, 023525 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.023525
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the cosmological applications of Myrzakulov $F(R,T)$ gravity. In this theory ones uses a specific but non-special connection, and thus both curvature and torsion are dynamical fields related to gravity. We introduce a parametrization that quantifies the deviation of curvature and torsion scalars form their corresponding values obtained using the special Levi-Civita and Weitzenb{\"{o}}ck connections, and we extract the cosmological field equations following the mini-super-space procedure. Even for the simple case where the action of the theory is linear in $R$ and $T$, we find that the Friedmann equations contain new terms of geometrical origin, reflecting the non-special connection. Applying the theory at late times we find that we can acquire the thermal history of the universe, where dark energy can be quintessence-like or phantom-like, or behave exactly as a cosmological constant and thus reproducing $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. Furthermore, we show that these features are obtained for other Lagrangian choices, too. Finally, early-time application leads to the de Sitter solution, as well as to an inflationary realization with the desired scale-factor evolution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Dec 2019 07:33:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 7 Nov 2020 08:49:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-11-10
[ [ "Saridakis", "Emmanuel N.", "" ], [ "Myrzakul", "Shynaray", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "Kairat", "" ], [ "Yerzhanov", "Koblandy", "" ] ]
We investigate the cosmological applications of Myrzakulov $F(R,T)$ gravity. In this theory ones uses a specific but non-special connection, and thus both curvature and torsion are dynamical fields related to gravity. We introduce a parametrization that quantifies the deviation of curvature and torsion scalars form their corresponding values obtained using the special Levi-Civita and Weitzenb{\"{o}}ck connections, and we extract the cosmological field equations following the mini-super-space procedure. Even for the simple case where the action of the theory is linear in $R$ and $T$, we find that the Friedmann equations contain new terms of geometrical origin, reflecting the non-special connection. Applying the theory at late times we find that we can acquire the thermal history of the universe, where dark energy can be quintessence-like or phantom-like, or behave exactly as a cosmological constant and thus reproducing $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. Furthermore, we show that these features are obtained for other Lagrangian choices, too. Finally, early-time application leads to the de Sitter solution, as well as to an inflationary realization with the desired scale-factor evolution.
1903.08399
Tsutomu Kobayashi
Shin'ichi Hirano, Tsutomu Kobayashi, Daisuke Yamauchi
On the screening mechanism in DHOST theories evading gravitational wave constraints
6 pages, 2 figures
Phys. Rev. D 99, 104073 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.104073
RUP-19-8
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a subclass of degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor (DHOST) theories in which gravitational waves propagate at the speed of light and do not decay into scalar fluctuations. The screening mechanism in DHOST theories evading these two gravitational wave constraints operates very differently from that in generic DHOST theories. We derive a spherically symmetric solution in the presence of nonrelativistic matter. General relativity is recovered in the vacuum exterior region provided that functions in the Lagrangian satisfy a certain condition, implying that fine-tuning is required. Gravity in the matter interior exhibits novel features: although the gravitational potentials still obey the standard inverse power law, the effective gravitational constant is different from its exterior value, and the two metric potentials do not coincide. We discuss possible observational constraints on this subclass of DHOST theories, and argue that the tightest bound comes from the Hulse-Taylor pulsar.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Mar 2019 09:21:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-06-05
[ [ "Hirano", "Shin'ichi", "" ], [ "Kobayashi", "Tsutomu", "" ], [ "Yamauchi", "Daisuke", "" ] ]
We consider a subclass of degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor (DHOST) theories in which gravitational waves propagate at the speed of light and do not decay into scalar fluctuations. The screening mechanism in DHOST theories evading these two gravitational wave constraints operates very differently from that in generic DHOST theories. We derive a spherically symmetric solution in the presence of nonrelativistic matter. General relativity is recovered in the vacuum exterior region provided that functions in the Lagrangian satisfy a certain condition, implying that fine-tuning is required. Gravity in the matter interior exhibits novel features: although the gravitational potentials still obey the standard inverse power law, the effective gravitational constant is different from its exterior value, and the two metric potentials do not coincide. We discuss possible observational constraints on this subclass of DHOST theories, and argue that the tightest bound comes from the Hulse-Taylor pulsar.
1904.02744
Neil J. Cornish
Logan O'Beirne, Neil J. Cornish, Sarah J. Vigeland, Stephen R. Taylor
Constraining alternative polarization states of gravitational waves from individual black hole binaries using pulsar timing arrays
12 pages, 8 figures
Phys. Rev. D 99, 124039 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.124039
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gravitational wave perturbations produced by individual supermassive black hole binaries during their early inspiral phase. Modified gravity theories allow for the emission of gravitational dipole radiation, which is enhanced relative to the quadrupole contribution for low orbital velocities, making the early inspiral an ideal regime to test for the presence of modified gravity effects. Using a theory-agnostic description of modified gravity theories based on the parametrized post-Einsteinian framework, we explore the possibility of detecting deviations from General Relativity using simulated pulsar timing array data, and provide forecasts for the constraints that can be achieved. We generalize the {\tt enterprise} pulsar timing software to account for possible additional polarization states and modifications to the phase evolution, and study how accurately the parameters of simulated signals can be recovered. We find that while a pure dipole model can partially recover a pure quadrupole signal, there is little possibility for confusion when the full model with all polarization states is used. With no signal present, and using noise levels comparable to those seen in contemporary arrays, we produce forecasts for the upper limits that can be placed on the amplitudes of alternative polarization modes as a function of the sky location of the source.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Apr 2019 18:45:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-07-03
[ [ "O'Beirne", "Logan", "" ], [ "Cornish", "Neil J.", "" ], [ "Vigeland", "Sarah J.", "" ], [ "Taylor", "Stephen R.", "" ] ]
Pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gravitational wave perturbations produced by individual supermassive black hole binaries during their early inspiral phase. Modified gravity theories allow for the emission of gravitational dipole radiation, which is enhanced relative to the quadrupole contribution for low orbital velocities, making the early inspiral an ideal regime to test for the presence of modified gravity effects. Using a theory-agnostic description of modified gravity theories based on the parametrized post-Einsteinian framework, we explore the possibility of detecting deviations from General Relativity using simulated pulsar timing array data, and provide forecasts for the constraints that can be achieved. We generalize the {\tt enterprise} pulsar timing software to account for possible additional polarization states and modifications to the phase evolution, and study how accurately the parameters of simulated signals can be recovered. We find that while a pure dipole model can partially recover a pure quadrupole signal, there is little possibility for confusion when the full model with all polarization states is used. With no signal present, and using noise levels comparable to those seen in contemporary arrays, we produce forecasts for the upper limits that can be placed on the amplitudes of alternative polarization modes as a function of the sky location of the source.
2111.04557
Pisin Chen
Pisin Chen
Gravitational Synchrotron Radiation from Storage Rings
5 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ex physics.acc-ph
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We reinvestigate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced by charged particles in storage rings. There are two major components in such GWs. One is the gravitational synchrotron radiation (GSR), i.e., the direct emission by the bending of the trajectory of a relativistic charged particle, much like the conventional electromagnetic synchrotron radiation (EMSR), albeit with characteristic difference in their radiation spectra. While the conventional EMSR spectrum peaks at the critical frequency, $\omega_c=\gamma^3\omega_0\gg\omega_0$, the spectrum of GSR peaks at the storage ring fundamental frequency $\omega_0$, which is much lower. The other is the resonant conversion of EMSR to GWs at the same frequency through the storage ring bending magnets, i.e., the Gertsenshtein effect. Invoking LHC at CERN as a numerical example, we found that the spacetime perturbation associated with GSR, $h\sim 5\times 10^{-40}$, falls far below the sensitivity of GW detectors based on the LIGO-type Michelson interferometry approach. On the other hand, the GWs induced by the resonant conversion of EMSR have much higher frequencies and thus much localized, so it is conceivable to detect them through the reverse conversion, the so-called `light shining through a wall', process.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Nov 2021 15:13:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Nov 2021 09:44:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-11-25
[ [ "Chen", "Pisin", "" ] ]
We reinvestigate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced by charged particles in storage rings. There are two major components in such GWs. One is the gravitational synchrotron radiation (GSR), i.e., the direct emission by the bending of the trajectory of a relativistic charged particle, much like the conventional electromagnetic synchrotron radiation (EMSR), albeit with characteristic difference in their radiation spectra. While the conventional EMSR spectrum peaks at the critical frequency, $\omega_c=\gamma^3\omega_0\gg\omega_0$, the spectrum of GSR peaks at the storage ring fundamental frequency $\omega_0$, which is much lower. The other is the resonant conversion of EMSR to GWs at the same frequency through the storage ring bending magnets, i.e., the Gertsenshtein effect. Invoking LHC at CERN as a numerical example, we found that the spacetime perturbation associated with GSR, $h\sim 5\times 10^{-40}$, falls far below the sensitivity of GW detectors based on the LIGO-type Michelson interferometry approach. On the other hand, the GWs induced by the resonant conversion of EMSR have much higher frequencies and thus much localized, so it is conceivable to detect them through the reverse conversion, the so-called `light shining through a wall', process.
1306.4392
Franco Fiorini
Franco Fiorini
Nonsingular Promises from Born-Infeld Gravity
5 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 041104
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Born-Infeld determinantal gravity formulated in Weitzenbock spacetime is discussed in the context of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmologies. It is shown how the standard model big bang singularity is absent in certain spatially flat FRW spacetimes, where the high energy regime is characterized by a de Sitter inflationary stage of geometrical character, i.e., without the presence of the inflaton field. This taming of the initial singularity is also achieved for some spatially curved FRW manifolds where the singularity is replaced by a de Sitter stage or a big bounce of the scale factor depending on certain combinations of free parameters appearing in the action. Unlike other Born-Infeld-like theories in vogue, the one here presented is also capable of deforming vacuum general relativistic solutions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Jun 2013 23:27:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Jul 2013 22:12:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-07-24
[ [ "Fiorini", "Franco", "" ] ]
Born-Infeld determinantal gravity formulated in Weitzenbock spacetime is discussed in the context of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmologies. It is shown how the standard model big bang singularity is absent in certain spatially flat FRW spacetimes, where the high energy regime is characterized by a de Sitter inflationary stage of geometrical character, i.e., without the presence of the inflaton field. This taming of the initial singularity is also achieved for some spatially curved FRW manifolds where the singularity is replaced by a de Sitter stage or a big bounce of the scale factor depending on certain combinations of free parameters appearing in the action. Unlike other Born-Infeld-like theories in vogue, the one here presented is also capable of deforming vacuum general relativistic solutions.
gr-qc/0401069
Tiberiu Harko
T. Harko, M. K. Mak
Anisotropy in Bianchi-type brane cosmologies
12 pages, no figures, to appear in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) 1489-1504
10.1088/0264-9381/21/6/015
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
The behavior near the initial singular state of the anisotropy parameter of the arbitrary type, homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi models is considered in the framework of the brane world cosmological models. The matter content on the brane is assumed to be an isotropic perfect cosmological fluid, obeying a barotropic equation of state. To obtain the value of the anisotropy parameter at an arbitrary moment an evolution equation is derived, describing the dynamics of the anisotropy as a function of the volume scale factor of the Universe. The general solution of this equation can be obtained in an exact analytical form for the Bianchi I and V types and in a closed form for all other homogeneous and anisotropic geometries. The study of the values of the anisotropy in the limit of small times shows that for all Bianchi type space-times filled with a non-zero pressure cosmological fluid, obeying a linear barotropic equation of state, the initial singular state on the brane is isotropic. This result is obtained by assuming that in the limit of small times the asymptotic behavior of the scale factors is of Kasner-type. For brane worlds filled with dust, the initial values of the anisotropy coincide in both brane world and standard four-dimensional general relativistic cosmologies.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Jan 2004 05:08:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Harko", "T.", "" ], [ "Mak", "M. K.", "" ] ]
The behavior near the initial singular state of the anisotropy parameter of the arbitrary type, homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi models is considered in the framework of the brane world cosmological models. The matter content on the brane is assumed to be an isotropic perfect cosmological fluid, obeying a barotropic equation of state. To obtain the value of the anisotropy parameter at an arbitrary moment an evolution equation is derived, describing the dynamics of the anisotropy as a function of the volume scale factor of the Universe. The general solution of this equation can be obtained in an exact analytical form for the Bianchi I and V types and in a closed form for all other homogeneous and anisotropic geometries. The study of the values of the anisotropy in the limit of small times shows that for all Bianchi type space-times filled with a non-zero pressure cosmological fluid, obeying a linear barotropic equation of state, the initial singular state on the brane is isotropic. This result is obtained by assuming that in the limit of small times the asymptotic behavior of the scale factors is of Kasner-type. For brane worlds filled with dust, the initial values of the anisotropy coincide in both brane world and standard four-dimensional general relativistic cosmologies.
1701.05669
Zhongheng Li
Shanshan Li, Dan-Dan Li, Li-Qin Mi, Zhong-Heng Li
Parametric Solution of a Small-Large Black Hole Coexistence Curve
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the first-order phase transition of a charged anti-de Sitter black hole, and find that the equation of state with the conditions of the two coexisting phases, leads to the two coupled equations about the thermodynamic volumes of small black hole and large black hole. By solving the equations, it is found that each reduced volume is only a function of the parameter $\omega$ . All properties of the coexistence curve can be studied from the two volume functions. In particular, each thermodynamic quantity is described by a piecewise analytic function. The demarcation point is located at $\omega_{d}=12(2\sqrt{3}-3)$. The thermodynamic function but not its derivative, is continuous at the point. This property is completely different from that of the ven der Waals fluid. Moreover, the thermodynamic behaviors as $\omega\rightarrow0$ are discussed. From which one can easily obtain some critical exponents and amplitudes for small-large black hole phase transitions.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Jan 2017 03:34:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-01-23
[ [ "Li", "Shanshan", "" ], [ "Li", "Dan-Dan", "" ], [ "Mi", "Li-Qin", "" ], [ "Li", "Zhong-Heng", "" ] ]
We consider the first-order phase transition of a charged anti-de Sitter black hole, and find that the equation of state with the conditions of the two coexisting phases, leads to the two coupled equations about the thermodynamic volumes of small black hole and large black hole. By solving the equations, it is found that each reduced volume is only a function of the parameter $\omega$ . All properties of the coexistence curve can be studied from the two volume functions. In particular, each thermodynamic quantity is described by a piecewise analytic function. The demarcation point is located at $\omega_{d}=12(2\sqrt{3}-3)$. The thermodynamic function but not its derivative, is continuous at the point. This property is completely different from that of the ven der Waals fluid. Moreover, the thermodynamic behaviors as $\omega\rightarrow0$ are discussed. From which one can easily obtain some critical exponents and amplitudes for small-large black hole phase transitions.
1205.3403
Alessandro Nagar
Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Alessandro Nagar, Marcus Thierfelder and Bernd Bruegmann
Tidal effects in binary neutron star coalescence
12 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 86, 044030 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.044030
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compare dynamics and waveforms from binary neutron star coalescence as computed by new long-term ($\sim 10 $ orbits) numerical relativity simulations and by the tidal effective-one-body (EOB) model including analytical tidal corrections up to second post-Newtonian order (2PN). The current analytical knowledge encoded in the tidal EOB model is found to be sufficient to reproduce the numerical data up to contact and within their uncertainties. Remarkably, no calibration of any tidal EOB free parameters is required, beside those already fitted to binary black holes data. The inclusion of 2PN tidal corrections minimizes the differences with the numerical data, but it is not possible to significantly distinguish them from the leading-order tidal contribution. The presence of a relevant amplification of tidal effects is likely to be excluded, although it can appear as a consequence of numerical inaccuracies. We conclude that the tidally-completed effective-one-body model provides nowadays the most advanced and accurate tool for modelling gravitational waveforms from binary neutron star inspiral up to contact. This work also points out the importance of extensive tests to assess the uncertainties of the numerical data, and the potential need of new numerical strategies to perform accurate simulations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 May 2012 15:02:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-04-25
[ [ "Bernuzzi", "Sebastiano", "" ], [ "Nagar", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Thierfelder", "Marcus", "" ], [ "Bruegmann", "Bernd", "" ] ]
We compare dynamics and waveforms from binary neutron star coalescence as computed by new long-term ($\sim 10 $ orbits) numerical relativity simulations and by the tidal effective-one-body (EOB) model including analytical tidal corrections up to second post-Newtonian order (2PN). The current analytical knowledge encoded in the tidal EOB model is found to be sufficient to reproduce the numerical data up to contact and within their uncertainties. Remarkably, no calibration of any tidal EOB free parameters is required, beside those already fitted to binary black holes data. The inclusion of 2PN tidal corrections minimizes the differences with the numerical data, but it is not possible to significantly distinguish them from the leading-order tidal contribution. The presence of a relevant amplification of tidal effects is likely to be excluded, although it can appear as a consequence of numerical inaccuracies. We conclude that the tidally-completed effective-one-body model provides nowadays the most advanced and accurate tool for modelling gravitational waveforms from binary neutron star inspiral up to contact. This work also points out the importance of extensive tests to assess the uncertainties of the numerical data, and the potential need of new numerical strategies to perform accurate simulations.
2303.03835
Mokdad Mokdad
Mokdad Mokdad and Milos Provci
Scattering of Dirac Fields in the Interior of Kerr-Newman(-Anti)-de Sitter Black Holes
38 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we construct a scattering theory for the massive and charged Dirac fields in the interiors of sub-extremal Kerr-Newman-(anti)-de Sitter black holes. More precisely, we show existence, uniqueness and asymptotic completeness of scattering data for such Dirac fields from the event horizon of the black hole to the Cauchy horizon. Our approach relies on constructing the wave operators where the Hamiltonian of the full dynamics is time-dependent.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Mar 2023 12:03:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-03-08
[ [ "Mokdad", "Mokdad", "" ], [ "Provci", "Milos", "" ] ]
In this paper we construct a scattering theory for the massive and charged Dirac fields in the interiors of sub-extremal Kerr-Newman-(anti)-de Sitter black holes. More precisely, we show existence, uniqueness and asymptotic completeness of scattering data for such Dirac fields from the event horizon of the black hole to the Cauchy horizon. Our approach relies on constructing the wave operators where the Hamiltonian of the full dynamics is time-dependent.
1506.08457
Alessandro Nagar
Alessandro Nagar, Thibault Damour, Christian Reisswig, and Denis Pollney
Energetics and phasing of nonprecessing spinning coalescing black hole binaries
26 pages, 27 figures, results improved with respect to first version
Phys. Rev. D 93, 044046 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.044046
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present an improved numerical relativity (NR) calibration of the new effective-one-body (EOB) model for coalescing non precessing spinning black hole binaries recently introduced by Damour and Nagar [Physical Review D 90, 044018 (2014)]. We do so by comparing the EOB predictions to both the phasing and the energetics provided by two independent sets of NR data covering mass ratios $1\leq q \leq 9.989$ and dimensionless spin range $-0.95\leq \chi\leq +0.994$. One set of data is a subset of the Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (SXS) catalog of public waveforms; the other set consists of new simulations obtained with the Llama code plus Cauchy Characteristic Evolution. We present the first systematic computation of the gauge-invariant relation between the binding energy and the total angular momentum, $E_{b}(j)$, for a large sample of, spin-aligned, SXS and Llama data. The dynamics of the EOB model presented here involves only two free functional parameters, one ($a_6^c(\nu)$) entering the non spinning sector, as a 5PN effective correction to the interaction potential, and one ($c_3(\tilde{a}_1,\tilde{a}_2,\nu))$ in the spinning sector, as an effective next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order correction to the spin-orbit coupling. These parameters are determined (together with a third functional parameter $\Delta t_{\rm NQC}(\chi)$ entering the waveform) by comparing the EOB phasing with the SXS phasing, the consistency of the energetics being checked afterwards. The quality of the analytical model for gravitational wave data analysis purposes is assessed by computing the EOB/NR faithfulness. Over the NR data sample and when varying the total mass between 20 and 200~$M_\odot$ the EOB/NR unfaithfulness (integrated over the NR frequency range) is found to vary between $99.493\%$ and $99.984\%$ with a median value of $99.944\%$.
[ { "created": "Sun, 28 Jun 2015 21:49:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Nov 2015 14:52:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-02-24
[ [ "Nagar", "Alessandro", "" ], [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Reisswig", "Christian", "" ], [ "Pollney", "Denis", "" ] ]
We present an improved numerical relativity (NR) calibration of the new effective-one-body (EOB) model for coalescing non precessing spinning black hole binaries recently introduced by Damour and Nagar [Physical Review D 90, 044018 (2014)]. We do so by comparing the EOB predictions to both the phasing and the energetics provided by two independent sets of NR data covering mass ratios $1\leq q \leq 9.989$ and dimensionless spin range $-0.95\leq \chi\leq +0.994$. One set of data is a subset of the Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (SXS) catalog of public waveforms; the other set consists of new simulations obtained with the Llama code plus Cauchy Characteristic Evolution. We present the first systematic computation of the gauge-invariant relation between the binding energy and the total angular momentum, $E_{b}(j)$, for a large sample of, spin-aligned, SXS and Llama data. The dynamics of the EOB model presented here involves only two free functional parameters, one ($a_6^c(\nu)$) entering the non spinning sector, as a 5PN effective correction to the interaction potential, and one ($c_3(\tilde{a}_1,\tilde{a}_2,\nu))$ in the spinning sector, as an effective next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order correction to the spin-orbit coupling. These parameters are determined (together with a third functional parameter $\Delta t_{\rm NQC}(\chi)$ entering the waveform) by comparing the EOB phasing with the SXS phasing, the consistency of the energetics being checked afterwards. The quality of the analytical model for gravitational wave data analysis purposes is assessed by computing the EOB/NR faithfulness. Over the NR data sample and when varying the total mass between 20 and 200~$M_\odot$ the EOB/NR unfaithfulness (integrated over the NR frequency range) is found to vary between $99.493\%$ and $99.984\%$ with a median value of $99.944\%$.
1806.07672
Gen Ye
Gen Ye and Yun-Song Piao
Quantum decoherence of primordial perturbations through nonlinear scaler-tensor interaction
23 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Scaler and tensor perturbations couple nonlinearly with each other in the Einstein-Hilbert action. We show that such interaction naturally leads to the quantum decoherence of the primordial perturbations during inflation at horizon crossing. The dominant interaction Hamiltonian contributing to decoherence is identified and the master equation responsible for the decohering process is derived.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Jun 2018 11:39:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-06-21
[ [ "Ye", "Gen", "" ], [ "Piao", "Yun-Song", "" ] ]
Scaler and tensor perturbations couple nonlinearly with each other in the Einstein-Hilbert action. We show that such interaction naturally leads to the quantum decoherence of the primordial perturbations during inflation at horizon crossing. The dominant interaction Hamiltonian contributing to decoherence is identified and the master equation responsible for the decohering process is derived.
1504.00333
Andre Fuzfa
A. F\"uzfa
How current loops and solenoids curve space-time
12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 93, 024014 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.024014
null
gr-qc cond-mat.supr-con hep-ex
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The curved space-time around current loops and solenoids carrying arbitrarily large steady electric currents is obtained from the numerical resolution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in cylindrical symmetry. The artificial gravitational field associated to the generation of a magnetic field produces gravitational redshift of photons and deviation of light. Null geodesics in the curved space-time of current loops and solenoids are also presented. We finally propose an experimental setup, achievable with current technology of superconducting coils, that produces a phase shift of light of the same order of magnitude than astrophysical signals in ground-based gravitational wave observatories.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Apr 2015 18:39:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Nov 2015 09:23:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Dec 2015 11:23:35 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-01-19
[ [ "Füzfa", "A.", "" ] ]
The curved space-time around current loops and solenoids carrying arbitrarily large steady electric currents is obtained from the numerical resolution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in cylindrical symmetry. The artificial gravitational field associated to the generation of a magnetic field produces gravitational redshift of photons and deviation of light. Null geodesics in the curved space-time of current loops and solenoids are also presented. We finally propose an experimental setup, achievable with current technology of superconducting coils, that produces a phase shift of light of the same order of magnitude than astrophysical signals in ground-based gravitational wave observatories.
1702.00189
Ghadir Jafari
Ghadir Jafari, M. R. Setare, Hamid R. Bakhtiarizadeh
Static spherically symmetric black holes in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity in arbitrary dimensions
Version accepted for publication in PLB
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This article is devoted to static spherically symmetric black hole solutions of dRGT (de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley) massive gravity in the presence of cosmological constant. The unitary and non-unitary gauges are used to find the solutions in three, four and five dimensions. We show that there are two general classes of solutions. In one of them, the effect of massive potential is appeared as the effective cosmological constant. By investigating these solutions in different dimensions, we find an expression for effective cosmological constant in arbitrary dimensions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Feb 2017 10:18:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 Sep 2017 17:01:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-09-04
[ [ "Jafari", "Ghadir", "" ], [ "Setare", "M. R.", "" ], [ "Bakhtiarizadeh", "Hamid R.", "" ] ]
This article is devoted to static spherically symmetric black hole solutions of dRGT (de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley) massive gravity in the presence of cosmological constant. The unitary and non-unitary gauges are used to find the solutions in three, four and five dimensions. We show that there are two general classes of solutions. In one of them, the effect of massive potential is appeared as the effective cosmological constant. By investigating these solutions in different dimensions, we find an expression for effective cosmological constant in arbitrary dimensions.
gr-qc/0211102
Ujjal Debnath
Ujjal Debnath and Subenoy Chakraborty
Gravitational Collapse in Higher Dimension
8 Latex pages, No figure, Revtex style
Gen.Rel.Grav. 36 (2004) 1243-1253
10.1023/B:GERG.0000022385.32666.4d
null
gr-qc
null
Spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse has been studied in higher dimensional space-time and appearance of naked singularity has been analyzed both for non-marginal and marginally bound cases. It has been shown that naked singularity is possible for any arbitrary dimension in non-marginally bound case. For marginally bound case we have examined the radial null geodesics from the singularity and found that naked singularity is possible upto five dimension.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Nov 2002 04:10:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Mar 2003 10:35:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Debnath", "Ujjal", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Subenoy", "" ] ]
Spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse has been studied in higher dimensional space-time and appearance of naked singularity has been analyzed both for non-marginal and marginally bound cases. It has been shown that naked singularity is possible for any arbitrary dimension in non-marginally bound case. For marginally bound case we have examined the radial null geodesics from the singularity and found that naked singularity is possible upto five dimension.
1105.6156
Chen Songbai
Weiping Yao, Songbai Chen, Changqing Liu, Jiliang Jing
Effects of acceleration on the collision of particles in the rotating black hole spacetime
7 pages, 2 figures, The corrected version accepted for publication in EPJC
Eur. Phys. J. C (2012) 72:1898
10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-1898-0
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the collision of two geodesic particles in the accelerating and rotating black hole spacetime and probe the effects of the acceleration of black hole on the center-of-mass energy of the colliding particles and on the high-velocity collision belts. We find that the dependence of the center-of-mass energy on the acceleration in the near event-horizon collision is different from that in the near acceleration-horizon case. Moreover, the presence of the acceleration changes the shape and position of the high-velocity collision belts. Our results show that the acceleration of black holes brings richer physics for the collision of particles.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 May 2011 03:37:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Feb 2012 04:45:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-28
[ [ "Yao", "Weiping", "" ], [ "Chen", "Songbai", "" ], [ "Liu", "Changqing", "" ], [ "Jing", "Jiliang", "" ] ]
We study the collision of two geodesic particles in the accelerating and rotating black hole spacetime and probe the effects of the acceleration of black hole on the center-of-mass energy of the colliding particles and on the high-velocity collision belts. We find that the dependence of the center-of-mass energy on the acceleration in the near event-horizon collision is different from that in the near acceleration-horizon case. Moreover, the presence of the acceleration changes the shape and position of the high-velocity collision belts. Our results show that the acceleration of black holes brings richer physics for the collision of particles.
2401.16949
Florian Steininger
Hamed Barzegar, Piotr T. Chru\'sciel, Florian Steininger
On elastic deformations of cylindrical bodies under the influence of the gravitational field
31 pages, 21 figures
null
null
UWThPh-2024-3
gr-qc physics.class-ph quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyse the deformations of a cylindrical elastic body resulting from displacements in a varying gravitational field.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Jan 2024 12:21:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-01-31
[ [ "Barzegar", "Hamed", "" ], [ "Chruściel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Steininger", "Florian", "" ] ]
We analyse the deformations of a cylindrical elastic body resulting from displacements in a varying gravitational field.
2301.13751
Bayram Tekin
Aydin Tavlayan and Bayram Tekin
Instability of a Kerr-type naked singularity due to light and matter accretion and its shadow
26 pages, discussions extended, matches the published version
Class. Quantum Grav. 41 065004 (2024)
10.1088/1361-6382/ad2318
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study null and timelike constant radii geodesics in the environment of an over-spinning putative Kerr-type naked singularity. We are particularly interested in two topics: first, the differences of the shadows of the naked rotating singularity and the Kerr black hole; and second, the spinning down effect of the particles falling from the accretion disk. Around the naked singularity, the non-equatorial prograde orbits in the Kerr black hole remain intact up to a critical rotation parameter ($\alpha=\sqrt{6 \sqrt{3}-9}$) and cease to exist above this value [Eur. Phys. J. C 78, 879 (2018)]. This has an important consequence in the shadow of the naked singularity if the shadow is registered by an observer on the polar plane or close to it as the shadow cannot be distinguished from that of a Kerr black hole viewed from the same angle considering only the light emanating from the unstable photon orbits. We show that the timelike retrograde orbits in the equatorial plane immediately (after about an 8% increase in mass for the case of initial $\alpha=1.5$) reduce the spin parameter of the naked singularity from larger values to $\alpha=1$ at which an event horizon appears. This happens because the retrograde orbits have a larger capture cross-section than the prograde ones. So if a naked singularity happens to have an accretion disk, it will not remain naked for long, an event horizon forms.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Jan 2023 16:38:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Feb 2023 12:33:20 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 Sep 2023 05:52:43 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Feb 2024 13:19:26 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2024-02-20
[ [ "Tavlayan", "Aydin", "" ], [ "Tekin", "Bayram", "" ] ]
We study null and timelike constant radii geodesics in the environment of an over-spinning putative Kerr-type naked singularity. We are particularly interested in two topics: first, the differences of the shadows of the naked rotating singularity and the Kerr black hole; and second, the spinning down effect of the particles falling from the accretion disk. Around the naked singularity, the non-equatorial prograde orbits in the Kerr black hole remain intact up to a critical rotation parameter ($\alpha=\sqrt{6 \sqrt{3}-9}$) and cease to exist above this value [Eur. Phys. J. C 78, 879 (2018)]. This has an important consequence in the shadow of the naked singularity if the shadow is registered by an observer on the polar plane or close to it as the shadow cannot be distinguished from that of a Kerr black hole viewed from the same angle considering only the light emanating from the unstable photon orbits. We show that the timelike retrograde orbits in the equatorial plane immediately (after about an 8% increase in mass for the case of initial $\alpha=1.5$) reduce the spin parameter of the naked singularity from larger values to $\alpha=1$ at which an event horizon appears. This happens because the retrograde orbits have a larger capture cross-section than the prograde ones. So if a naked singularity happens to have an accretion disk, it will not remain naked for long, an event horizon forms.
2309.16497
Yongqiang Wang
Long-Xing Huang, Shi-Xian Sun, Rong Zhang, Chen Liang, and Yong-Qiang Wang
Excited Dirac stars with higher azimuthal harmonic index
22 pages, 8 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we investigate the properties of the first excited state Dirac stars (DSs) with higher azimuthal harmonic index (specifically, the azimuthal harmonic indexes $m_D$ = $3/2$, $5/2$, $7/2$), as well as the relationship between the ADM mass and angular momentum of Dirac stars with respect to frequency. Moreover, We find that the ergospheres of DSs appear at lower spinor field frequencies, and both the ergospheres and the distribution of the spinor field functions are asymmetric about the equatorial plane. Furthermore, we introduce the ground state scalar field and examine its impact on this system, which is known as the multi-state Dirac-boson stars (DBSs) model. We show various types of solution families for DBSs under both synchronized frequency $\omega$ and nonsynchronized frequencies and find that similar to DSs, the spinor field and the ergospheres of DBSs are also asymmetric about the equatorial plane, but the ergospheres appear at higher spinor field frequencies.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Sep 2023 15:05:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-29
[ [ "Huang", "Long-Xing", "" ], [ "Sun", "Shi-Xian", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Rong", "" ], [ "Liang", "Chen", "" ], [ "Wang", "Yong-Qiang", "" ] ]
In this paper, we investigate the properties of the first excited state Dirac stars (DSs) with higher azimuthal harmonic index (specifically, the azimuthal harmonic indexes $m_D$ = $3/2$, $5/2$, $7/2$), as well as the relationship between the ADM mass and angular momentum of Dirac stars with respect to frequency. Moreover, We find that the ergospheres of DSs appear at lower spinor field frequencies, and both the ergospheres and the distribution of the spinor field functions are asymmetric about the equatorial plane. Furthermore, we introduce the ground state scalar field and examine its impact on this system, which is known as the multi-state Dirac-boson stars (DBSs) model. We show various types of solution families for DBSs under both synchronized frequency $\omega$ and nonsynchronized frequencies and find that similar to DSs, the spinor field and the ergospheres of DBSs are also asymmetric about the equatorial plane, but the ergospheres appear at higher spinor field frequencies.
0907.0891
Nathan Johnson-McDaniel
Nathan K. Johnson-McDaniel, Nicolas Yunes, Wolfgang Tichy, Benjamin J. Owen
Conformally curved binary black hole initial data including tidal deformations and outgoing radiation
48 pages, 23 figures
Phys.Rev.D80:124039,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.124039
IGC-09/7-1
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
(Abridged) By asymptotically matching a post-Newtonian (PN) metric to two tidally perturbed Schwarzschild metrics, we generate approximate initial data (in the form of a 4-metric) for a nonspinning black hole binary in a circular orbit. We carry out this matching through O(v^4) in the binary's orbital velocity v, so the resulting data are conformally curved. Far from the holes, we use the appropriate PN metric that accounts for retardation, which we construct using the highest-order PN expressions available to compute the binary's past history. The data set's uncontrolled remainders are thus O(v^5) throughout the timeslice; we also generate an extension to the data set that has uncontrolled remainders of O(v^6) in the purely PN portion of the timeslice (i.e., not too close to the holes). The resulting data are smooth, since we join all the metrics together by smoothly interpolating between them. We perform this interpolation using transition functions constructed to avoid introducing excessive additional constraint violations. Due to their inclusion of tidal deformations and outgoing radiation, these data should substantially reduce the initial spurious ("junk") radiation observed in current simulations that use conformally flat initial data. Such reductions in the nonphysical components of the initial data will be necessary for simulations to achieve the accuracy required to supply Advanced LIGO and LISA with the templates necessary for parameter estimation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Jul 2009 19:06:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-01-07
[ [ "Johnson-McDaniel", "Nathan K.", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Tichy", "Wolfgang", "" ], [ "Owen", "Benjamin J.", "" ] ]
(Abridged) By asymptotically matching a post-Newtonian (PN) metric to two tidally perturbed Schwarzschild metrics, we generate approximate initial data (in the form of a 4-metric) for a nonspinning black hole binary in a circular orbit. We carry out this matching through O(v^4) in the binary's orbital velocity v, so the resulting data are conformally curved. Far from the holes, we use the appropriate PN metric that accounts for retardation, which we construct using the highest-order PN expressions available to compute the binary's past history. The data set's uncontrolled remainders are thus O(v^5) throughout the timeslice; we also generate an extension to the data set that has uncontrolled remainders of O(v^6) in the purely PN portion of the timeslice (i.e., not too close to the holes). The resulting data are smooth, since we join all the metrics together by smoothly interpolating between them. We perform this interpolation using transition functions constructed to avoid introducing excessive additional constraint violations. Due to their inclusion of tidal deformations and outgoing radiation, these data should substantially reduce the initial spurious ("junk") radiation observed in current simulations that use conformally flat initial data. Such reductions in the nonphysical components of the initial data will be necessary for simulations to achieve the accuracy required to supply Advanced LIGO and LISA with the templates necessary for parameter estimation.
gr-qc/0409083
Kip S. Thorne
Mihai Bondarescu and Kip S. Thorne (California Institute of Technology)
A New Family of Light Beams and Mirror Shapes for Future LIGO Interferometers
Submitted to Physical Review D on 21 September 2004; RevTeX, 6 pages, 4 Figures
Phys.Rev. D74 (2006) 082003
10.1103/PhysRevD.74.082003
null
gr-qc
null
Advanced LIGO's present baseline design uses arm cavities with Gaussian light beams supported by spherical mirrors. Because Gaussian beams have large intensity gradients in regions of high intensity, they average poorly over fluctuating bumps and valleys on the mirror surfaces, caused by random thermal fluctuations (thermoelastic noise). Flat-topped light beams (mesa beams) are being considered as an alternative because they average over the thermoelastic fluctuations much more effectively. However, the proposed mesa beams are supported by nearly flat mirrors, which experience a very serious tilt instability. In this paper we propose an alternative configuration in which mesa-shaped beams are supported by nearly concentric spheres, which experience only a weak tilt instability. The tilt instability is analyzed for these mirrors in a companion paper by Savov and Vyatchanin. We also propose a one-parameter family of light beams and mirrors in which, as the parameter alpha varies continuously from 0 to pi, the beams and supporting mirrors get deformed continuously from the nearly flat-mirrored mesa configuration ("FM") at alpha=0, to the nearly concentric-mirrored mesa configuration ("CM") at alpha=pi. The FM and CM configurations at the endpoints are close to optically unstable, and as alpha moves away from 0 or pi, the optical stability improves.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Sep 2004 17:34:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Bondarescu", "Mihai", "", "California Institute of\n Technology" ], [ "Thorne", "Kip S.", "", "California Institute of\n Technology" ] ]
Advanced LIGO's present baseline design uses arm cavities with Gaussian light beams supported by spherical mirrors. Because Gaussian beams have large intensity gradients in regions of high intensity, they average poorly over fluctuating bumps and valleys on the mirror surfaces, caused by random thermal fluctuations (thermoelastic noise). Flat-topped light beams (mesa beams) are being considered as an alternative because they average over the thermoelastic fluctuations much more effectively. However, the proposed mesa beams are supported by nearly flat mirrors, which experience a very serious tilt instability. In this paper we propose an alternative configuration in which mesa-shaped beams are supported by nearly concentric spheres, which experience only a weak tilt instability. The tilt instability is analyzed for these mirrors in a companion paper by Savov and Vyatchanin. We also propose a one-parameter family of light beams and mirrors in which, as the parameter alpha varies continuously from 0 to pi, the beams and supporting mirrors get deformed continuously from the nearly flat-mirrored mesa configuration ("FM") at alpha=0, to the nearly concentric-mirrored mesa configuration ("CM") at alpha=pi. The FM and CM configurations at the endpoints are close to optically unstable, and as alpha moves away from 0 or pi, the optical stability improves.
1405.6663
Salvatore Capozziello
Artyom V. Astashenok, Salvatore Capozziello, Sergei D. Odintsov
Magnetic Neutron Stars in f(R) gravity
12 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables
null
10.1007/s10509-014-2182-6
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Neutron stars with strong magnetic fields are considered in the framework of f(R) gravity. In order to describe dense matter in magnetic field, the model with baryon octet interacting through $\sigma$$\rho$$\omega$-fields is used. The hyperonization process results in softening the equation of state (EoS) and in decreasing the maximal mass. We investigate the effect of strong magnetic field in models involving quadratic and cubic corrections in the Ricci scalar $R$ to the Hilbert-Einstein action. For large fields, the Mass-Radius relation differs considerably from that of General Relativity only for stars with masses close to the maximal one. Another interesting feature is the possible existence of more compact stable stars with extremely large magnetic fields ($\sim 6\times 10^{18}$ G instead of $\sim 4\times 10^{18}$ G as in General Relativity) in the central regions of the stars. Due to cubic terms, a significant increasing of the maximal mass is possible.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 May 2014 18:05:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-19
[ [ "Astashenok", "Artyom V.", "" ], [ "Capozziello", "Salvatore", "" ], [ "Odintsov", "Sergei D.", "" ] ]
Neutron stars with strong magnetic fields are considered in the framework of f(R) gravity. In order to describe dense matter in magnetic field, the model with baryon octet interacting through $\sigma$$\rho$$\omega$-fields is used. The hyperonization process results in softening the equation of state (EoS) and in decreasing the maximal mass. We investigate the effect of strong magnetic field in models involving quadratic and cubic corrections in the Ricci scalar $R$ to the Hilbert-Einstein action. For large fields, the Mass-Radius relation differs considerably from that of General Relativity only for stars with masses close to the maximal one. Another interesting feature is the possible existence of more compact stable stars with extremely large magnetic fields ($\sim 6\times 10^{18}$ G instead of $\sim 4\times 10^{18}$ G as in General Relativity) in the central regions of the stars. Due to cubic terms, a significant increasing of the maximal mass is possible.
2209.04433
Kimet Jusufi
Kimet Jusufi
Regular black holes in three dimensions and the zero point length
4 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, by means of regularisation procedure via $r\to \sqrt{r^2+l_0^2}$ (where $l_0$ can play the role of zero point length), we first modify the gravitational and electromagnetic potentials in two dimensions and then we solve the Einstein field equations to end up with an exact and regular black hole solution in three dimensions with a negative cosmological constant. We show that, the black hole solution is asymptotically AdS, non-singular at the origin and, under specific conditions, it has a flat de Sitter core at the origin. As a special case, we obtain the charged Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) solution. Finally, using a dimensional continuation and the NJ algorithm, we end up with a legitimate rotating black hole solution in three dimensions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Sep 2022 08:41:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-12
[ [ "Jusufi", "Kimet", "" ] ]
In this paper, by means of regularisation procedure via $r\to \sqrt{r^2+l_0^2}$ (where $l_0$ can play the role of zero point length), we first modify the gravitational and electromagnetic potentials in two dimensions and then we solve the Einstein field equations to end up with an exact and regular black hole solution in three dimensions with a negative cosmological constant. We show that, the black hole solution is asymptotically AdS, non-singular at the origin and, under specific conditions, it has a flat de Sitter core at the origin. As a special case, we obtain the charged Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) solution. Finally, using a dimensional continuation and the NJ algorithm, we end up with a legitimate rotating black hole solution in three dimensions.
gr-qc/9512021
Gerard Clement
G\'erard Cl\'ement
Gravitating Chern-Simons vortices
11 pages, LaTex
Phys.Rev. D54 (1996) 1844-1847
10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1844
GCR-95/12/01
gr-qc hep-th
null
The construction of self-dual vortex solutions to the Chern-Simons-Higgs model (with a suitable eighth-order potential) coupled to Einstein gravity in (2 + 1) dimensions is reconsidered. We show that the self-duality condition may be derived from the sole assumption $g_{00} = 1$. Next, we derive a family of exact, doubly self-dual vortex solutions, which interpolate between the symmetrical and asymmetrical vacua. The corresponding spacetimes have two regions at spatial infinity. The eighth-order Higgs potential is positive definite, and closed timelike curves are absent, if the gravitational constant is chosen to be negative.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Dec 1995 09:58:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Clément", "Gérard", "" ] ]
The construction of self-dual vortex solutions to the Chern-Simons-Higgs model (with a suitable eighth-order potential) coupled to Einstein gravity in (2 + 1) dimensions is reconsidered. We show that the self-duality condition may be derived from the sole assumption $g_{00} = 1$. Next, we derive a family of exact, doubly self-dual vortex solutions, which interpolate between the symmetrical and asymmetrical vacua. The corresponding spacetimes have two regions at spatial infinity. The eighth-order Higgs potential is positive definite, and closed timelike curves are absent, if the gravitational constant is chosen to be negative.
1507.04076
Peter Zimmerman
Peter Zimmerman
Gravitational self-force in scalar-tensor gravity
26 pages. minor typographical errors corrected in v2
Phys. Rev. D 92, 064051 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.064051
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by the discovery of floating orbits and the potential to provide extra constraints on alternative theories, in this paper we derive the self-force equation for a small compact object moving on an accelerated world line in a background spacetime which is a solution of the coupled gravitational and scalar field equations of scalar-tensor theory. In the Einstein frame, the coupled field equations governing the perturbations sourced by the particle share the same form as the field equations for perturbations of a scalarvac spacetime, with both falling under the general class of hyperbolic field equations studied by Zimmerman and Poisson. Here, we solve the field equations formally in terms of retarded Green functions, which have explicit representations as Hadamard forms in the neighbourhood of the world line. Using a quasi-local expansion of the Hadamard form, we derive the regular solutions in Fermi normal coordinates according to the Detweiler-Whiting prescription. To compute the equation of motion, we parameterize the world line in terms of a mass and "charge", which we define in terms of the original Jordan frame mass, its derivative, and the parameter which translates the proper time in the Jordan frame to the Einstein frame. These parameters depend on the value of the background scalar field and its self-field corrections. The equation of motion which follows from the regular fields strongly resembles the equation for the self-force acting on a charged, massive particle in a scalarvac geometry of general relativity. Unlike the scalar vacuum scenario, the "charge" parameter in the scalar-tensor self-force equation is time variable and leading to additional local and tail terms. We also provide evolution equations for the world line parameters under the influence of the self-fields.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Jul 2015 03:25:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 7 Nov 2015 06:52:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-11-10
[ [ "Zimmerman", "Peter", "" ] ]
Motivated by the discovery of floating orbits and the potential to provide extra constraints on alternative theories, in this paper we derive the self-force equation for a small compact object moving on an accelerated world line in a background spacetime which is a solution of the coupled gravitational and scalar field equations of scalar-tensor theory. In the Einstein frame, the coupled field equations governing the perturbations sourced by the particle share the same form as the field equations for perturbations of a scalarvac spacetime, with both falling under the general class of hyperbolic field equations studied by Zimmerman and Poisson. Here, we solve the field equations formally in terms of retarded Green functions, which have explicit representations as Hadamard forms in the neighbourhood of the world line. Using a quasi-local expansion of the Hadamard form, we derive the regular solutions in Fermi normal coordinates according to the Detweiler-Whiting prescription. To compute the equation of motion, we parameterize the world line in terms of a mass and "charge", which we define in terms of the original Jordan frame mass, its derivative, and the parameter which translates the proper time in the Jordan frame to the Einstein frame. These parameters depend on the value of the background scalar field and its self-field corrections. The equation of motion which follows from the regular fields strongly resembles the equation for the self-force acting on a charged, massive particle in a scalarvac geometry of general relativity. Unlike the scalar vacuum scenario, the "charge" parameter in the scalar-tensor self-force equation is time variable and leading to additional local and tail terms. We also provide evolution equations for the world line parameters under the influence of the self-fields.
1708.09019
Maria Cecilia Tomasini
Emilio Rub\'in de Celis, Cecilia Tomasini, Claudio Simeone
Perturbative dynamics of thin-shell wormholes beyond general relativity: an alternative approach
To appear in IJMPD 1750171
null
10.1142/S0218271817501711
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent studies relating the approximations for the equations of state for thin shells and their consequent perturbative evolution are extended to thin-shell wormholes in theories beyond general relativity and more than four spacetime dimensions. The assumption of equations of state of the same form for static and slowly evolving shells appears as a strong restriction excluding the possibility of oscillatory evolutions. Then the new results considerably differ from previous ones obtained within the usual linearized approach.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Aug 2017 20:38:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-01-10
[ [ "de Celis", "Emilio Rubín", "" ], [ "Tomasini", "Cecilia", "" ], [ "Simeone", "Claudio", "" ] ]
Recent studies relating the approximations for the equations of state for thin shells and their consequent perturbative evolution are extended to thin-shell wormholes in theories beyond general relativity and more than four spacetime dimensions. The assumption of equations of state of the same form for static and slowly evolving shells appears as a strong restriction excluding the possibility of oscillatory evolutions. Then the new results considerably differ from previous ones obtained within the usual linearized approach.
0805.3794
Burin Gumjudpai
Theerakarn Phetnora (TPTP Naresuan U.), Roongtum Sooksan (TPTP Naresuan U.) and Burin Gumjudpai (TPTP Naresuan U. and DAMTP U. Cambridge)
Phantom expansion with non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger-type formulation of scalar field cosmology
[11 pages, 8 figures] Some parts of this work was presented as an oral presentation by Theerakarn Phetnora at the SIAM Physics Congress 2008, Kao Yai, Thailand (20-22 March 2008), accepted by Gen. Rel. Grav
Gen.Rel.Grav.42:225-240,2010
10.1007/s10714-009-0831-9
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We describe non-flat standard Friedmann cosmology of canonical scalar field with barotropic fluid in form of non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger-type (NLS) formulation in which all cosmological dynamical quantities are expressed in term of Schr\"{o}dinger quantities as similar to those in time-independent quantum mechanics. We assume the expansion to be superfast, i.e. phantom expansion. We report all Schr\"{o}dinger-analogous quantities to scalar field cosmology. Effective equation of state coefficient is analyzed and illustrated. We show that in a non-flat universe, there is no fixed $w_{\rm eff}$ value for the phantom divide. In a non-flat universe, even $w_{\rm eff} > -1$, the expansion can be phantom. Moreover, in open universe, phantom expansion can happen even with $w_{\rm eff} > 0$. We also report scalar field exact solutions within frameworks of the Friedmann formulation and the NLS formulation in non-flat universe cases.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 May 2008 21:07:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 May 2009 16:20:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-18
[ [ "Phetnora", "Theerakarn", "", "TPTP Naresuan U." ], [ "Sooksan", "Roongtum", "", "TPTP\n Naresuan U." ], [ "Gumjudpai", "Burin", "", "TPTP Naresuan U. and DAMTP U. Cambridge" ] ]
We describe non-flat standard Friedmann cosmology of canonical scalar field with barotropic fluid in form of non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger-type (NLS) formulation in which all cosmological dynamical quantities are expressed in term of Schr\"{o}dinger quantities as similar to those in time-independent quantum mechanics. We assume the expansion to be superfast, i.e. phantom expansion. We report all Schr\"{o}dinger-analogous quantities to scalar field cosmology. Effective equation of state coefficient is analyzed and illustrated. We show that in a non-flat universe, there is no fixed $w_{\rm eff}$ value for the phantom divide. In a non-flat universe, even $w_{\rm eff} > -1$, the expansion can be phantom. Moreover, in open universe, phantom expansion can happen even with $w_{\rm eff} > 0$. We also report scalar field exact solutions within frameworks of the Friedmann formulation and the NLS formulation in non-flat universe cases.
gr-qc/0212030
Yasunori Fujii
Yasunori Fujii
Mass of the dilaton and the cosmological constant
9 pages LaTeX 1 figure; an added reference and partial revisions
Prog.Theor.Phys.110:433-439,2003
10.1143/PTP.110.433
null
gr-qc
null
One might raise a question if the gravitational scalar field (dilaton) mediates a finite-range force between local objects still behaving globally as being massless to implement the scenario of a decaying cosmological constant. We offer a non-negative reply by a detailed analysis of the field-theoretical quantization procedure in relation to the observationally required suppression of the vacuum-energy.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Dec 2002 07:36:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 7 Dec 2002 03:54:50 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 8 Feb 2003 02:35:50 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Fujii", "Yasunori", "" ] ]
One might raise a question if the gravitational scalar field (dilaton) mediates a finite-range force between local objects still behaving globally as being massless to implement the scenario of a decaying cosmological constant. We offer a non-negative reply by a detailed analysis of the field-theoretical quantization procedure in relation to the observationally required suppression of the vacuum-energy.
gr-qc/0407113
Wei-Tou Ni
Wei-Tou Ni
Probing the Microscopic Origin of Gravity via Precision Polarization and Spin Experiments
8 pages; 1 figure
Chin.Phys.Lett. 22 (2005) 33-35
10.1088/0256-307X/22/1/010
null
gr-qc
null
As in other parts of physics, we advocate the interaction approach: experiments <--> phenomenology <--> low-energy effective (field) theory <--> microscopic theory to probe the microscopic origin of gravity. Using chi-g phenomenological framework, we discuss the tests of equivalence principles. The only experimentally unconstrained degree of freedom is the axion freedom. It has effects on the long-range astrophysical/cosmological propagation of electromagnetic waves and can be tested/measured using future generation of polarization measurement of cosmic background radiation. The verification or refutal of this axionic effect will be a crucial step for constructing effective theory and probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interaction of spin with gravity is another important clue for probing microscopic origin of gravity. The interplay of experiments, phenomenology and effective theory is expounded. An ideal way to reveal the microscopic origin of gravity is to measure the gyrogravitational ratio of particles. Three potential experimental methods are considered.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Jul 2004 12:39:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Ni", "Wei-Tou", "" ] ]
As in other parts of physics, we advocate the interaction approach: experiments <--> phenomenology <--> low-energy effective (field) theory <--> microscopic theory to probe the microscopic origin of gravity. Using chi-g phenomenological framework, we discuss the tests of equivalence principles. The only experimentally unconstrained degree of freedom is the axion freedom. It has effects on the long-range astrophysical/cosmological propagation of electromagnetic waves and can be tested/measured using future generation of polarization measurement of cosmic background radiation. The verification or refutal of this axionic effect will be a crucial step for constructing effective theory and probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interaction of spin with gravity is another important clue for probing microscopic origin of gravity. The interplay of experiments, phenomenology and effective theory is expounded. An ideal way to reveal the microscopic origin of gravity is to measure the gyrogravitational ratio of particles. Three potential experimental methods are considered.
0810.3911
Fabrizio Tamburini
Clovis Jacinto de Matos (1), Fabrizio Tamburini (2), Josep Maria Perdigues Armengol (3) and Carlo Nicola Colacino (4) ((1) ESA-HQ, European Space Agency, 8-10 rue Mario Nikis, Paris, France (2) Dept. of Astronomy, University of Padova, vicolo dell'Osservatorio 3, Padova, Italy (3) ESA-ESTEC, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, AG Noordwijk ZH, the Netherlands, (4) Dept. of Physics, University of Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, Pisa, Italy)
Gravitational Waves detection and spectroscopy with a Double-slit Quantum Eraser
14 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in NCB
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose the use of heralded photons to detect Gravitational Waves (GWs). Heralded photons are those photons that, produced during a parametric downconversion process, are "labelled" by the detection and counting of coincidences of their correlated or entangled twins and therefore can be discriminated from the background noise, independently of the type of correlation/entanglement used in the setup. Without losing any generality, we illustrate our proposal with a gedankenexperiment, in which the presence of a gravitational wave causes a relative rotation of the reference frames associated to the double-slit and the test polarizer, respectively, of a Walborn's quantum eraser \cite{wal02}. In this thought experiment, the GW is revealed by the detection of heralded photons in the dark fringes of the recovered interference pattern by the quantum eraser. Other types of entanglement, such as momentum-space or energy-time, could be used to obtain heralded photons to be used in the future with high-frequency GW interferometric detectors when enough bright sources of correlated photons will be available.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Oct 2008 19:57:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Sep 2009 07:41:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-09-08
[ [ "de Matos", "Clovis Jacinto", "" ], [ "Tamburini", "Fabrizio", "" ], [ "Armengol", "Josep Maria Perdigues", "" ], [ "Colacino", "Carlo Nicola", "" ] ]
We propose the use of heralded photons to detect Gravitational Waves (GWs). Heralded photons are those photons that, produced during a parametric downconversion process, are "labelled" by the detection and counting of coincidences of their correlated or entangled twins and therefore can be discriminated from the background noise, independently of the type of correlation/entanglement used in the setup. Without losing any generality, we illustrate our proposal with a gedankenexperiment, in which the presence of a gravitational wave causes a relative rotation of the reference frames associated to the double-slit and the test polarizer, respectively, of a Walborn's quantum eraser \cite{wal02}. In this thought experiment, the GW is revealed by the detection of heralded photons in the dark fringes of the recovered interference pattern by the quantum eraser. Other types of entanglement, such as momentum-space or energy-time, could be used to obtain heralded photons to be used in the future with high-frequency GW interferometric detectors when enough bright sources of correlated photons will be available.
2203.09867
Vasilis Oikonomou
V.K. Oikonomou, P.D. Katzanis, Ilias C. Papadimitriou
Bottom-Up Reconstruction of Viable GW170817 Compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Theories
CQG accepted, some typos corrected, one author name modified, doi added
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ac5eba
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we shall use a bottom-up approach for obtaining viable inflationary Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models which are also compatible with the GW170817 event. Specifically, we shall use a recently developed theoretical framework in which we shall specify only the tensor-to-scalar ratio, in terms of the $e$-foldings number. Starting from the tensor-to-scalar ratio, we shall reconstruct from it the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory which can yield such a tensor-to-scalar ratio, finding the scalar potential and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling scalar function as functions of the $e$-foldings number. Accordingly, the calculation of the spectral index of the primordial scalar perturbations, and of the tensor spectral index easily is greatly simplified and these observational indices can easily be found. After presenting the general formalism for the bottom-up reconstruction, we exemplify our findings by presenting several Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models of interest which yield a viable inflationary phenomenology. These models have also an interesting common characteristic, which is a blue tilted tensor spectral index. We also investigate the predicted energy spectrum of the primordial gravitational waves for these Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models, and as we show, all the models yield a detectable primordial wave energy power spectrum.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Mar 2022 11:14:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Mar 2022 12:09:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-03-24
[ [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ], [ "Katzanis", "P. D.", "" ], [ "Papadimitriou", "Ilias C.", "" ] ]
In this work we shall use a bottom-up approach for obtaining viable inflationary Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models which are also compatible with the GW170817 event. Specifically, we shall use a recently developed theoretical framework in which we shall specify only the tensor-to-scalar ratio, in terms of the $e$-foldings number. Starting from the tensor-to-scalar ratio, we shall reconstruct from it the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory which can yield such a tensor-to-scalar ratio, finding the scalar potential and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling scalar function as functions of the $e$-foldings number. Accordingly, the calculation of the spectral index of the primordial scalar perturbations, and of the tensor spectral index easily is greatly simplified and these observational indices can easily be found. After presenting the general formalism for the bottom-up reconstruction, we exemplify our findings by presenting several Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models of interest which yield a viable inflationary phenomenology. These models have also an interesting common characteristic, which is a blue tilted tensor spectral index. We also investigate the predicted energy spectrum of the primordial gravitational waves for these Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models, and as we show, all the models yield a detectable primordial wave energy power spectrum.
2110.14736
Samuel Barroso Bellido
Samuel Barroso Bellido
Effects of a Quantum or Classical Scalar Field on the Entanglement Entropy of a Pair of Universes
Accepted for publication in PRD. 3 Figures
Phys. Rev. D 104, 106009 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.106009
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Using the formalism of the third quantization in canonical quantum gravity, the entropy of entanglement of a pair of universes created in the multiverse from the vacuum has lately been calculated. Here, we examine the differences between considering a scalar field as quantum or classical on the entanglement entropy of three different pairs: de-Sitter universes, flat stiff matter dominated universes, and closed universes with a scalar field. We find that the entanglement entropy is unchanged, zero, or dependent on the treatment of the scalar field, respectively.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Oct 2021 19:42:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-17
[ [ "Bellido", "Samuel Barroso", "" ] ]
Using the formalism of the third quantization in canonical quantum gravity, the entropy of entanglement of a pair of universes created in the multiverse from the vacuum has lately been calculated. Here, we examine the differences between considering a scalar field as quantum or classical on the entanglement entropy of three different pairs: de-Sitter universes, flat stiff matter dominated universes, and closed universes with a scalar field. We find that the entanglement entropy is unchanged, zero, or dependent on the treatment of the scalar field, respectively.
1510.08821
Giampiero Esposito Dr.
Giampiero Esposito
A parametrix for quantum gravity?
27 pages
Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. 13, 1650060 (2016)
10.1142/S0219887816500602
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the sixties, DeWitt discovered that the advanced and retarded Green functions of the wave operator on metric perturbations in the de Donder gauge make it possible to define classical Poisson brackets on the space of functionals that are invariant under the action of the full diffeomorphism group of spacetime. He therefore tried to exploit this property to define invariant commutators for the quantized gravitational field, but the operator counterpart of such classical Poisson brackets turned out to be a hard task. On the other hand, the mathematical literature studies often an approximate inverse, the parametrix, which is, strictly, a distribution. We here suggest that such a construction might be exploited in canonical quantum gravity. We begin with the simplest case, i.e. fundamental solution and parametrix for the linear, scalar wave operator; the next step are tensor wave equations, again for linear theory, e.g. Maxwell theory in curved spacetime. Last, the nonlinear Einstein equations are studied, relying upon the well-established Choquet-Bruhat construction, according to which the fifth derivatives of solutions of a nonlinear hyperbolic system solve a linear hyperbolic system. The latter is solved by means of Kirchhoff-type formulas, while the former fifth-order equations can be solved by means of well-established parametrix techniques for elliptic operators. But then the metric components that solve the vacuum Einstein equations can be obtained by convolution of such a parametrix with Kirchhoff-type formulas. Some basic functional equations for the parametrix are also obtained, that help in studying classical and quantum version of the Jacobi identity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Oct 2015 18:58:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Mar 2016 16:11:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-03-18
[ [ "Esposito", "Giampiero", "" ] ]
In the sixties, DeWitt discovered that the advanced and retarded Green functions of the wave operator on metric perturbations in the de Donder gauge make it possible to define classical Poisson brackets on the space of functionals that are invariant under the action of the full diffeomorphism group of spacetime. He therefore tried to exploit this property to define invariant commutators for the quantized gravitational field, but the operator counterpart of such classical Poisson brackets turned out to be a hard task. On the other hand, the mathematical literature studies often an approximate inverse, the parametrix, which is, strictly, a distribution. We here suggest that such a construction might be exploited in canonical quantum gravity. We begin with the simplest case, i.e. fundamental solution and parametrix for the linear, scalar wave operator; the next step are tensor wave equations, again for linear theory, e.g. Maxwell theory in curved spacetime. Last, the nonlinear Einstein equations are studied, relying upon the well-established Choquet-Bruhat construction, according to which the fifth derivatives of solutions of a nonlinear hyperbolic system solve a linear hyperbolic system. The latter is solved by means of Kirchhoff-type formulas, while the former fifth-order equations can be solved by means of well-established parametrix techniques for elliptic operators. But then the metric components that solve the vacuum Einstein equations can be obtained by convolution of such a parametrix with Kirchhoff-type formulas. Some basic functional equations for the parametrix are also obtained, that help in studying classical and quantum version of the Jacobi identity.
1110.6008
Bibhas Majhi Ranjan
Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Quantum Tunneling in Black Holes
Ph.D. thesis (arXiv version). 139 pages, including the front matter. Supervisor: Rabin Banerjee. Institution: S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India. Degree awarded on 23 August 2011 from University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
This thesis is focussed towards the applications of the quantum tunneling mechanism to study black holes. Here we give a general frame work of the existing tunneling mechanism, both the radial null geodesic and Hamilton Jacobi methods. On the radial null geodesic method side, we study the modifications to the tunneling rate, Hawking temperature and the Bekenstein- Hawking area law by including the back reaction as well as non-commutative effects in the space-time. A reformulation of the Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) method is first introduced. Based on this, a close connection between the quantum tunneling and the gravitational anomaly mechanisms to discuss Hawking effect, is put forwarded. An interesting advantage of this reformulated HJ method is that one can get directly the emission spectrum from the event horizon of the black hole, which was missing in the earlier literature. Also, the quantization of the entropy and area of a black hole is discussed in this method. Another part of the thesis is the introduction of a new type of global embedding of curved space-time to higher dimensional Minkowskian space-time (GEMS). Using this a unified description of the Hawking and Unruh effects is given. Advantage of this approach is, it simplifies as well as generalises the conventional embedding. In addition to the spherically symmetric space-times, the Kerr-Newman black hole is exemplified. Finally, following the above ideas and the definition of partition function for gravity, it is shown that extremization of entropy leads to the Einstein's equations of motion. In this frame work, a relation between the entropy, energy and the temperature of a black hole is given where energy is shown to be the Komar expression. Interestingly, this relation is the generalized Smarr formula. In this analysis, the GEMS method provides the law of equipartition of energy as an intermediate step.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Oct 2011 08:30:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-10-28
[ [ "Majhi", "Bibhas Ranjan", "" ] ]
This thesis is focussed towards the applications of the quantum tunneling mechanism to study black holes. Here we give a general frame work of the existing tunneling mechanism, both the radial null geodesic and Hamilton Jacobi methods. On the radial null geodesic method side, we study the modifications to the tunneling rate, Hawking temperature and the Bekenstein- Hawking area law by including the back reaction as well as non-commutative effects in the space-time. A reformulation of the Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) method is first introduced. Based on this, a close connection between the quantum tunneling and the gravitational anomaly mechanisms to discuss Hawking effect, is put forwarded. An interesting advantage of this reformulated HJ method is that one can get directly the emission spectrum from the event horizon of the black hole, which was missing in the earlier literature. Also, the quantization of the entropy and area of a black hole is discussed in this method. Another part of the thesis is the introduction of a new type of global embedding of curved space-time to higher dimensional Minkowskian space-time (GEMS). Using this a unified description of the Hawking and Unruh effects is given. Advantage of this approach is, it simplifies as well as generalises the conventional embedding. In addition to the spherically symmetric space-times, the Kerr-Newman black hole is exemplified. Finally, following the above ideas and the definition of partition function for gravity, it is shown that extremization of entropy leads to the Einstein's equations of motion. In this frame work, a relation between the entropy, energy and the temperature of a black hole is given where energy is shown to be the Komar expression. Interestingly, this relation is the generalized Smarr formula. In this analysis, the GEMS method provides the law of equipartition of energy as an intermediate step.
1210.5115
Orlando Luongo
Salvatore Capozziello, Gerardo Cristofano, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Orlando Luongo
From Black Hole quantization to universal scaling laws
3 pages, proceeding MG XIII
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Significative developments on the primordial black hole quantization seem to indicate that the structure formation in the universe behaves under a unified scheme. This leads to the existence of scaling relations, whose validity could offer insights on the process of unification between quantum mechanics and gravity. Encouraging results have been obtained in order to recover the observed magnitudes of angular momenta, peculiar radii and virialized times for large and small structures. In the cosmological regime, we show that it seems possible to infer the magnitude of the cosmological constant in terms of the matter density, in agreement with the observed values.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Oct 2012 13:41:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-10-22
[ [ "Capozziello", "Salvatore", "" ], [ "Cristofano", "Gerardo", "" ], [ "De Laurentis", "Mariafelicia", "" ], [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ] ]
Significative developments on the primordial black hole quantization seem to indicate that the structure formation in the universe behaves under a unified scheme. This leads to the existence of scaling relations, whose validity could offer insights on the process of unification between quantum mechanics and gravity. Encouraging results have been obtained in order to recover the observed magnitudes of angular momenta, peculiar radii and virialized times for large and small structures. In the cosmological regime, we show that it seems possible to infer the magnitude of the cosmological constant in terms of the matter density, in agreement with the observed values.
gr-qc/0009032
Edward Malec
Edward Malec
How much of the outgoing radiation can be intercepted by Schwarzschildean black holes?
5 pages
Acta Phys.Polon. B32 (2001) 47-54
null
null
gr-qc
null
The Schwarzschild spacetime is for electromagnetic waves like a nonuniform medium with a varying refraction index. A fraction of an outgoing radiation scatters off the curvature of the geometry and can be intercepted by a gravitational center. The amount of the intercepted energy is bounded above by the backscattered energy of an initially outgoing pulse of electromagnetic radiation, which in turn depends on the initial energy, the Schwarzschild radius and the pulse location. Its magnitude depends on the frequency spectrum: it becomes negligible in the short wave limit but can be significant in the long wave regime.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Sep 2000 14:09:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Malec", "Edward", "" ] ]
The Schwarzschild spacetime is for electromagnetic waves like a nonuniform medium with a varying refraction index. A fraction of an outgoing radiation scatters off the curvature of the geometry and can be intercepted by a gravitational center. The amount of the intercepted energy is bounded above by the backscattered energy of an initially outgoing pulse of electromagnetic radiation, which in turn depends on the initial energy, the Schwarzschild radius and the pulse location. Its magnitude depends on the frequency spectrum: it becomes negligible in the short wave limit but can be significant in the long wave regime.
1506.03598
Xin Liu
Sheng-Fei Feng, Chang-Yu Huang, Yong-Chang Huang, Xin Liu, Ying-Jie Zhao
Symmetry of Generalized Randall-Sundrum Model and Distribution of 3-Branes in Six-Dimensional Spacetime
12 pages. 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A generalization from the usual $5$-dimensional two-brane Randall-Sundrum (RS) model to a $6$-dimensional multi-brane RS model is presented. The extra dimensions are extended from one to two; correspondingly the single-variable warp function is generalized to be a double-variable function, to represent the two extra dimensions. In the analysis of the Einstein equation we have two remarkable discoveries. One is that, when branes are absent, the cosmological parameter distributed in the two extra dimensions acts as a function describing a family of circles. These circles are not artificially added ones but stem from the equations of motion, while their radii are inversely proportional to the square root of the cosmological parameter. The other discovery is that, on any circle, there symmetrically distribute four branes. Their tensions, $V_1 \sim V_4$, satisfy a particular relationship $V_1=V_3=-V_2=-V_4=3M^4$, where $M$ is the $6$-dimensional fundamental scale of the RS model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Jun 2015 09:27:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-12
[ [ "Feng", "Sheng-Fei", "" ], [ "Huang", "Chang-Yu", "" ], [ "Huang", "Yong-Chang", "" ], [ "Liu", "Xin", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Ying-Jie", "" ] ]
A generalization from the usual $5$-dimensional two-brane Randall-Sundrum (RS) model to a $6$-dimensional multi-brane RS model is presented. The extra dimensions are extended from one to two; correspondingly the single-variable warp function is generalized to be a double-variable function, to represent the two extra dimensions. In the analysis of the Einstein equation we have two remarkable discoveries. One is that, when branes are absent, the cosmological parameter distributed in the two extra dimensions acts as a function describing a family of circles. These circles are not artificially added ones but stem from the equations of motion, while their radii are inversely proportional to the square root of the cosmological parameter. The other discovery is that, on any circle, there symmetrically distribute four branes. Their tensions, $V_1 \sim V_4$, satisfy a particular relationship $V_1=V_3=-V_2=-V_4=3M^4$, where $M$ is the $6$-dimensional fundamental scale of the RS model.
0811.3297
Sergey Vyatchanin
Andrey A. Rakhubovsky and Sergey P. Vyatchanin
Displacement- and laser-noise-free gravitational-wave detection with two Fabry-Perot cavities
7 pages, 4 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose two Fabry-Perot cavities, each pumped through both the mirrors, positioned in line as a toy model of the gravitational-wave (GW) detector free from displacement noise of the test masses. It is demonstrated that the displacement noise of cavity mirrors as well as laser noise can be completely excluded in a proper linear combination of the cavities output signals. We show that in low-frequency approximation (gravitational wave length $\lambda-\text{gw}$ is much greater than distance $L$ between mirrors $\lambda_\text{gw}\gg L$) the decrease of response signal is about $(L/\lambda_\text{gw})^2$, i.e. signal is stronger than the one of the interferometer recently proposed by S. Kawamura and Y. Chen.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Nov 2008 09:51:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-21
[ [ "Rakhubovsky", "Andrey A.", "" ], [ "Vyatchanin", "Sergey P.", "" ] ]
We propose two Fabry-Perot cavities, each pumped through both the mirrors, positioned in line as a toy model of the gravitational-wave (GW) detector free from displacement noise of the test masses. It is demonstrated that the displacement noise of cavity mirrors as well as laser noise can be completely excluded in a proper linear combination of the cavities output signals. We show that in low-frequency approximation (gravitational wave length $\lambda-\text{gw}$ is much greater than distance $L$ between mirrors $\lambda_\text{gw}\gg L$) the decrease of response signal is about $(L/\lambda_\text{gw})^2$, i.e. signal is stronger than the one of the interferometer recently proposed by S. Kawamura and Y. Chen.
1402.7049
Joan Sola
Joan Sola
Vacuum energy and cosmological evolution
Slightly extended discussion, typos corrected and references added
AIP Conf.Proc. 1606 (2014) 19-37
10.1063/1.4891113
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An expanding universe is not expected to have a static vacuum energy density. The so-called cosmological constant $\Lambda$ should be an approximation, certainly a good one for a fraction of a Hubble time, but it is most likely a temporary description of a true dynamical vacuum energy variable that is evolving from the inflationary epoch to the present day. We can compare the evolving vacuum energy with a Casimir device where the parallel plates slowly move apart ("expand"). The total vacuum energy density cannot be measured, only the effect associated to the presence of the plates, and then also their increasing separation with time. In the universe there is a nonvanishing spacetime curvature $R$ as compared to Minkowskian spacetime that is changing with the expansion. The vacuum energy density must change accordingly, and we naturally expect $\delta\Lambda\sim R\sim H^2$. A class of dynamical vacuum models that trace such rate of change can be constructed. They are compatible with the current cosmological data, and conveniently extended can account for the complete cosmic evolution from the inflationary epoch till the present days. These models are very close to the $\Lambda$CDM model for the late universe, but very different from it at the early times. Traces of the inherent vacuum dynamics could be detectable in our recent past.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Feb 2014 20:10:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Mar 2014 13:23:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-19
[ [ "Sola", "Joan", "" ] ]
An expanding universe is not expected to have a static vacuum energy density. The so-called cosmological constant $\Lambda$ should be an approximation, certainly a good one for a fraction of a Hubble time, but it is most likely a temporary description of a true dynamical vacuum energy variable that is evolving from the inflationary epoch to the present day. We can compare the evolving vacuum energy with a Casimir device where the parallel plates slowly move apart ("expand"). The total vacuum energy density cannot be measured, only the effect associated to the presence of the plates, and then also their increasing separation with time. In the universe there is a nonvanishing spacetime curvature $R$ as compared to Minkowskian spacetime that is changing with the expansion. The vacuum energy density must change accordingly, and we naturally expect $\delta\Lambda\sim R\sim H^2$. A class of dynamical vacuum models that trace such rate of change can be constructed. They are compatible with the current cosmological data, and conveniently extended can account for the complete cosmic evolution from the inflationary epoch till the present days. These models are very close to the $\Lambda$CDM model for the late universe, but very different from it at the early times. Traces of the inherent vacuum dynamics could be detectable in our recent past.
2304.01607
Chethan Krishnan
Chethan Krishnan, Jude Pereira
Soft Hair on Schwarzschild: A Wrinkle in Birkhoff's Theorem
30 pp, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The double null form of the Schwarzschild metric is usually arrived at by demanding Eddington-Finkelstein (EF) conditions at the horizon. This leads to certain logarithmic fall-offs that are too slow along null directions at $\mathscr{I}$, resulting in divergences in the covariant surface charges. These coordinates are therefore $not$ asymptotically flat. In this paper, we find a natural alternative double null form for Schwarzschild that is adapted to $\mathscr{I}^{+}$ or $\mathscr{I}^{-}$ instead of the horizon. In its final form, the metric has only power law fall-offs and fits into the recently introduced Special Double Null (SDN) gauge, with finite surface charges. One remarkable feature of SDN gauge is that spherical symmetry and vacuum Einstein equations allow an infinite number of asymptotic integration constants in the metric, on top of the mass. This is an apparent violation of Birkhoff's theorem. We note however that all except two of these new parameters are absent in the charges, and therefore correspond to trivial hair. The remaining two parameters do show up in the charges, depending on the choice of allowed fall-offs. We provide an understanding of this observation -- Birkhoff's theorem fixes Schwarzschild only $up$ $to$ $diffeomorphisms$, but diffeomorphisms need not vanish at infinity and can in principle become global symmetries. If such asymptotic diffeomorphisms are spherically symmetric, their associated soft modes can become Birkhoff hair. The relevant global symmetries here are certain hypertranslation shifts in the $v$-coordinate at $\mathscr{I}^{+}$ (and $u$ at $\mathscr{I}^{-}$), which are inaccessible in other gauges.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Apr 2023 08:01:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-05
[ [ "Krishnan", "Chethan", "" ], [ "Pereira", "Jude", "" ] ]
The double null form of the Schwarzschild metric is usually arrived at by demanding Eddington-Finkelstein (EF) conditions at the horizon. This leads to certain logarithmic fall-offs that are too slow along null directions at $\mathscr{I}$, resulting in divergences in the covariant surface charges. These coordinates are therefore $not$ asymptotically flat. In this paper, we find a natural alternative double null form for Schwarzschild that is adapted to $\mathscr{I}^{+}$ or $\mathscr{I}^{-}$ instead of the horizon. In its final form, the metric has only power law fall-offs and fits into the recently introduced Special Double Null (SDN) gauge, with finite surface charges. One remarkable feature of SDN gauge is that spherical symmetry and vacuum Einstein equations allow an infinite number of asymptotic integration constants in the metric, on top of the mass. This is an apparent violation of Birkhoff's theorem. We note however that all except two of these new parameters are absent in the charges, and therefore correspond to trivial hair. The remaining two parameters do show up in the charges, depending on the choice of allowed fall-offs. We provide an understanding of this observation -- Birkhoff's theorem fixes Schwarzschild only $up$ $to$ $diffeomorphisms$, but diffeomorphisms need not vanish at infinity and can in principle become global symmetries. If such asymptotic diffeomorphisms are spherically symmetric, their associated soft modes can become Birkhoff hair. The relevant global symmetries here are certain hypertranslation shifts in the $v$-coordinate at $\mathscr{I}^{+}$ (and $u$ at $\mathscr{I}^{-}$), which are inaccessible in other gauges.
1401.6182
Dejan Stojkovic
Anshul Saini, Dejan Stojkovic
Non-local (but also non-singular) physics at the last stages of gravitational collapse
Published in Phys. Rev. D 89, 044003 (2014)
Phys. Rev. D 89, 044003 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.044003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the end stages of gravitational collapse of the thin shell of matter in ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. We use the functional Schrodinger formalism to capture quantum effects in the near singularity limit. We find that that the equations of motion which govern the behavior of the collapsing shell near the classical singularity become strongly non-local. This reinforces previous arguments that quantum gravity in the strong field regime might be non-local. We managed to solve the non-local equation of motion for the dust shell case, and found an explicit form of the wavefunction describing the collapsing shell. This wavefunction and the corresponding probability density are non-singular at the origin, thus indicating that quantization should be able to rid gravity of singularities, just as it was the case with the singular Coulomb potential.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Jan 2014 21:00:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Feb 2014 00:15:16 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Mar 2014 23:27:42 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-06-18
[ [ "Saini", "Anshul", "" ], [ "Stojkovic", "Dejan", "" ] ]
We study the end stages of gravitational collapse of the thin shell of matter in ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. We use the functional Schrodinger formalism to capture quantum effects in the near singularity limit. We find that that the equations of motion which govern the behavior of the collapsing shell near the classical singularity become strongly non-local. This reinforces previous arguments that quantum gravity in the strong field regime might be non-local. We managed to solve the non-local equation of motion for the dust shell case, and found an explicit form of the wavefunction describing the collapsing shell. This wavefunction and the corresponding probability density are non-singular at the origin, thus indicating that quantization should be able to rid gravity of singularities, just as it was the case with the singular Coulomb potential.
2110.02542
Jennifer Rittenhouse West
Francesco Coradeschi, Antonia Micol Frassino, Thiago Guerreiro, Jennifer Rittenhouse West and Enrico Junior Schioppa
Can we detect the quantum nature of weak gravitational fields?
Submitted to Universe, invited contribution to the topical issue "Probing Quantum Gravity."
null
10.3390/universe7110414
null
gr-qc hep-ph quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A theoretical framework for the quantization of gravity has been an elusive Holy Grail since the birth of quantum theory and general relativity. While generations of scientists have attempted solutions to this deep riddle, an alternative path built upon the idea that experimental evidence could determine whether gravity is quantized has been decades in the making. The possibility of an experimental answer to the question of the quantization of gravity is of renewed interest in the era of gravitational wave detectors. We review and investigate an important subset of phenomenological quantum gravity, detecting quantum signatures of weak gravitational fields in table-top experiments and interferometers.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Oct 2021 07:21:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-05
[ [ "Coradeschi", "Francesco", "" ], [ "Frassino", "Antonia Micol", "" ], [ "Guerreiro", "Thiago", "" ], [ "West", "Jennifer Rittenhouse", "" ], [ "Schioppa", "Enrico Junior", "" ] ]
A theoretical framework for the quantization of gravity has been an elusive Holy Grail since the birth of quantum theory and general relativity. While generations of scientists have attempted solutions to this deep riddle, an alternative path built upon the idea that experimental evidence could determine whether gravity is quantized has been decades in the making. The possibility of an experimental answer to the question of the quantization of gravity is of renewed interest in the era of gravitational wave detectors. We review and investigate an important subset of phenomenological quantum gravity, detecting quantum signatures of weak gravitational fields in table-top experiments and interferometers.
1903.01445
Tao Lei
Tao Lei, Zi-Wei Chen, Zhen-Lai Wang, and Xiang-Song Chen*
A New Improved Energy-Momentum Tensor and Its Possible Role in Gravity
14 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1702.02921, arXiv:1701.08658
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by a special consideration in quantum measurement, we present a new improved energy-momentum tensor. The new tensor differs from the traditional canonical and symmetric ones, and can be derived as Nother current from a Lagrangian with second derivative. We also attempt to construct a gravitational coupling in such a way that the new energy-momentum tensor becomes the source of the gravitational field. The theory we obtain is of an Einstein-Cartan type, but derived from a minimal coupling of a Lagrangian with second-derivative, and leads to additional interaction between torsion and matter, including the scalar field. For the scalar field, the theory can also be derived in the Riemann space-time by a non-minimal coupling. Our study gives hint on more general tests of general relativistic effects.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Mar 2019 13:03:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-03-06
[ [ "Lei", "Tao", "" ], [ "Chen", "Zi-Wei", "" ], [ "Wang", "Zhen-Lai", "" ], [ "Chen*", "Xiang-Song", "" ] ]
Motivated by a special consideration in quantum measurement, we present a new improved energy-momentum tensor. The new tensor differs from the traditional canonical and symmetric ones, and can be derived as Nother current from a Lagrangian with second derivative. We also attempt to construct a gravitational coupling in such a way that the new energy-momentum tensor becomes the source of the gravitational field. The theory we obtain is of an Einstein-Cartan type, but derived from a minimal coupling of a Lagrangian with second-derivative, and leads to additional interaction between torsion and matter, including the scalar field. For the scalar field, the theory can also be derived in the Riemann space-time by a non-minimal coupling. Our study gives hint on more general tests of general relativistic effects.
1110.5631
Philipp Hoehn
Philipp A. Hoehn
Effective relational dynamics
4 pages, based on a talk given at Loops '11 in Madrid, to appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)
null
10.1088/1742-6596/360/1/012014
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We provide a synopsis of an effective approach to the problem of time in the semiclassical regime. The essential features of this new approach to evaluating relational quantum dynamics in constrained systems are illustrated by means of a simple toy model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Oct 2011 19:58:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-30
[ [ "Hoehn", "Philipp A.", "" ] ]
We provide a synopsis of an effective approach to the problem of time in the semiclassical regime. The essential features of this new approach to evaluating relational quantum dynamics in constrained systems are illustrated by means of a simple toy model.
2402.02386
Xuefeng Zhang
Dezhi Wang, Xuefeng Zhang, Hui-Zong Duan
On point-ahead angle control strategies for TianQin
9 pages, 13 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 41, 117003 (2024)
10.1088/1361-6382/ad42fb
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Pointing-related displacement noises are crucial in space-based gravitational wave detectors, where point-ahead angle control of transmitted laser beams may contribute significantly. For TianQin that features a geocentric concept, the circular high orbit design with a nearly fixed constellation plane gives rise to small variations of the point-ahead angles within $\pm 25$ nrad in-plane and $\pm 10$ nrad off-plane, in addition to a static bias of 23 $\mu$rad predominantly within the constellation plane. Accordingly, TianQin may adopt fixed-value compensation for the point-ahead angles and absorb the small and slow variations into the pointing biases. To assess the in-principle feasibility, the far-field tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling effect is discussed, and preliminary requirements on far-field wavefront quality are derived, which have taken into account of TTL noise subtraction capability in post processing. The proposed strategy has benefits in simplifying the interferometry design, payload operation, and TTL noise mitigation for TianQin.
[ { "created": "Sun, 4 Feb 2024 07:55:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-21
[ [ "Wang", "Dezhi", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xuefeng", "" ], [ "Duan", "Hui-Zong", "" ] ]
Pointing-related displacement noises are crucial in space-based gravitational wave detectors, where point-ahead angle control of transmitted laser beams may contribute significantly. For TianQin that features a geocentric concept, the circular high orbit design with a nearly fixed constellation plane gives rise to small variations of the point-ahead angles within $\pm 25$ nrad in-plane and $\pm 10$ nrad off-plane, in addition to a static bias of 23 $\mu$rad predominantly within the constellation plane. Accordingly, TianQin may adopt fixed-value compensation for the point-ahead angles and absorb the small and slow variations into the pointing biases. To assess the in-principle feasibility, the far-field tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling effect is discussed, and preliminary requirements on far-field wavefront quality are derived, which have taken into account of TTL noise subtraction capability in post processing. The proposed strategy has benefits in simplifying the interferometry design, payload operation, and TTL noise mitigation for TianQin.
1210.4012
Jiang Qing-Quan
Qing-Quan Jiang
Revisit emission spectrum and entropy quantum of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole
7 pages
Eur. Phys. J. C72 (2012) 2086
10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2086-y
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Banerjee and Majhi's recent work shows that black hole's emission spectrum could be fully reproduced in the tunneling picture, where, as an intriguing technique, the Kruskal extension was introduced to connect the left and right modes inside and outside the horizon. Some attempt, as an extension, was focused on producing the Hawking emission spectrum of the (charged) Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole in the Banerjee-Majhi's treatment. Unfortunately, the Kruskal extension in their observation was so badly defined that the ingoing mode was classically forbidden traveling towards the center of black hole, but could quantum tunnel across the horizon with the probability $\Gamma=e^{-\pi \omega_0/\kappa_+}$. This tunneling picture is unphysical. With this point as a central motivation, in this paper we first introduce such a suitable Kruskal extension for the (charged) Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole that a perfect tunneling picture can be provided during the charged particle's emission. Then, under the new Kruskal extension, we revisit the Hawking emission spectrum and entropy spectroscopy as tunneling from the charged black hole. The result shows that the tunneling method is so universally robust that the Hawking blackbody emission spectrum from a charged black hole can be well reproduced in the tunneling mechanism, and its induced entropy quantum is a much better approximation for the forthcoming quantum gravity theory.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Oct 2012 12:51:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-11
[ [ "Jiang", "Qing-Quan", "" ] ]
Banerjee and Majhi's recent work shows that black hole's emission spectrum could be fully reproduced in the tunneling picture, where, as an intriguing technique, the Kruskal extension was introduced to connect the left and right modes inside and outside the horizon. Some attempt, as an extension, was focused on producing the Hawking emission spectrum of the (charged) Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole in the Banerjee-Majhi's treatment. Unfortunately, the Kruskal extension in their observation was so badly defined that the ingoing mode was classically forbidden traveling towards the center of black hole, but could quantum tunnel across the horizon with the probability $\Gamma=e^{-\pi \omega_0/\kappa_+}$. This tunneling picture is unphysical. With this point as a central motivation, in this paper we first introduce such a suitable Kruskal extension for the (charged) Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole that a perfect tunneling picture can be provided during the charged particle's emission. Then, under the new Kruskal extension, we revisit the Hawking emission spectrum and entropy spectroscopy as tunneling from the charged black hole. The result shows that the tunneling method is so universally robust that the Hawking blackbody emission spectrum from a charged black hole can be well reproduced in the tunneling mechanism, and its induced entropy quantum is a much better approximation for the forthcoming quantum gravity theory.
gr-qc/0107103
Maurizio Gasperini
E. Coccia, M. Gasperini and C. Ungarelli
Sensitivity of spherical gravitational-wave detectors to a stochastic background of non-relativistic scalar radiation
four pages, latex
Phys.Rev.D65:067101,2002
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.067101
BA-TH/01-421
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We analyze the signal-to-noise ratio for a relic background of scalar gravitational radiation composed of massive, non-relativistic particles, interacting with the monopole mode of two resonant spherical detectors. We find that the possible signal is enhanced with respect to the differential mode of the interferometric detectors. This enhancement is due to: {\rm (a)} the absence of the signal suppression, for non-relativistic scalars, with respect to a background of massless particles, and {\rm (b)} for flat enough spectra, a growth of the signal with the observation time faster than for a massless stochastic background.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Jul 2001 14:55:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Coccia", "E.", "" ], [ "Gasperini", "M.", "" ], [ "Ungarelli", "C.", "" ] ]
We analyze the signal-to-noise ratio for a relic background of scalar gravitational radiation composed of massive, non-relativistic particles, interacting with the monopole mode of two resonant spherical detectors. We find that the possible signal is enhanced with respect to the differential mode of the interferometric detectors. This enhancement is due to: {\rm (a)} the absence of the signal suppression, for non-relativistic scalars, with respect to a background of massless particles, and {\rm (b)} for flat enough spectra, a growth of the signal with the observation time faster than for a massless stochastic background.
gr-qc/0605071
Elizabeth Wickham
E.D.L.Wickham, A.Stroeer, and A.Vecchio
A Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach to the study of massive black hole binary systems with LISA
submitted to cqg as GWDAW-10 conference proceedings, 10 pages, 4 figures, some changes to plots and numerical details
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) S819-S828
10.1088/0264-9381/23/19/S20
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will produce a data stream containing a vast number of overlapping sources: from strong signals generated by the coalescence of massive black hole binary systems to much weaker radiation form sub-stellar mass compact binaries and extreme-mass ratio inspirals. It has been argued that the observation of weak signals could be hampered by the presence of loud ones and that they first need to be removed to allow such observations. Here we consider a different approach in which sources are studied simultaneously within the framework of Bayesian inference. We investigate the simplified case in which the LISA data stream contains radiation from a massive black hole binary system superimposed over a (weaker) quasi-monochromatic waveform generated by a white dwarf binary. We derive the posterior probability density function of the model parameters using an automatic Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm (RJMCMC). We show that the information about the sources and noise are retrieved at the expected level of accuracy without the need of removing the stronger signal. Our analysis suggests that this approach is worth pursuing further and should be considered for the actual analysis of the LISA data.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 May 2006 13:59:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 13 Jun 2006 11:28:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Wickham", "E. D. L.", "" ], [ "Stroeer", "A.", "" ], [ "Vecchio", "A.", "" ] ]
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will produce a data stream containing a vast number of overlapping sources: from strong signals generated by the coalescence of massive black hole binary systems to much weaker radiation form sub-stellar mass compact binaries and extreme-mass ratio inspirals. It has been argued that the observation of weak signals could be hampered by the presence of loud ones and that they first need to be removed to allow such observations. Here we consider a different approach in which sources are studied simultaneously within the framework of Bayesian inference. We investigate the simplified case in which the LISA data stream contains radiation from a massive black hole binary system superimposed over a (weaker) quasi-monochromatic waveform generated by a white dwarf binary. We derive the posterior probability density function of the model parameters using an automatic Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm (RJMCMC). We show that the information about the sources and noise are retrieved at the expected level of accuracy without the need of removing the stronger signal. Our analysis suggests that this approach is worth pursuing further and should be considered for the actual analysis of the LISA data.
gr-qc/9906014
Steven L. Liebling
Steven L. Liebling
Static Gravitational Global Monopoles
4 pages, 6 figures
Phys.Rev. D61 (2000) 024030
10.1103/PhysRevD.61.024030
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Static solutions in spherical symmetry are found for gravitating global monopoles. Regular solutions lacking a horizon are found for $\eta < 1/\sqrt{8\pi}$, where $\eta$ is the scale of symmetry breaking. Apparently regular solutions with a horizon are found for $1/\sqrt{8\pi} \le \eta \alt \sqrt{3/8\pi}$. Though they have a horizon, they are not Schwarzschild. The solution for $\eta = 1/\sqrt{8\pi}$ is argued to have a horizon at infinity. The failure to find static solutions for $\eta > \sqrt{3/8\pi} \approx 0.3455$ is consistent with findings that topological inflation begins at $\eta \approx 0.33$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 Jun 1999 19:36:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Liebling", "Steven L.", "" ] ]
Static solutions in spherical symmetry are found for gravitating global monopoles. Regular solutions lacking a horizon are found for $\eta < 1/\sqrt{8\pi}$, where $\eta$ is the scale of symmetry breaking. Apparently regular solutions with a horizon are found for $1/\sqrt{8\pi} \le \eta \alt \sqrt{3/8\pi}$. Though they have a horizon, they are not Schwarzschild. The solution for $\eta = 1/\sqrt{8\pi}$ is argued to have a horizon at infinity. The failure to find static solutions for $\eta > \sqrt{3/8\pi} \approx 0.3455$ is consistent with findings that topological inflation begins at $\eta \approx 0.33$.
2308.10212
\"Ozg\"ur \"Okc\"u
Zeynep \c{C}oker, \"Ozg\"ur \"Okc\"u, Ekrem Aydiner
Modified Friedmann equations from fractional entropy
16 pages, 2 figures. References added. Minor corrections
EPL 143 (2023) 59001
10.1209/0295-5075/acf158
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Based on the fractional black hole entropy (Jalalzadeh S. et al., Eur. Phys. J. C, 81 (2021) 632), we derive the modified Friedmann equations from two different frameworks. First, we consider the modifications of Friedmann equations from the first law of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon. We show that the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics always holds in a region bounded by the apparent horizon. Then, we obtain Friedmann equations from Verlinde's entropic gravity framework. We also compute the fractional corrections to the deceleration parameter $q$ in the flat case $k=0$ for both frameworks. Furthermore, we consider the time to reach the initial singularity for the two frameworks. The results indicate that the initial singularity is accessible for both frameworks. However, fractional effects may provide a constraint on the equation of state parameter in the entropic gravity scenario since the time is imaginary for $-2/3\alpha<\omega<-1/3$.
[ { "created": "Sun, 20 Aug 2023 09:45:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Sep 2023 12:51:14 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-09-06
[ [ "Çoker", "Zeynep", "" ], [ "Ökcü", "Özgür", "" ], [ "Aydiner", "Ekrem", "" ] ]
Based on the fractional black hole entropy (Jalalzadeh S. et al., Eur. Phys. J. C, 81 (2021) 632), we derive the modified Friedmann equations from two different frameworks. First, we consider the modifications of Friedmann equations from the first law of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon. We show that the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics always holds in a region bounded by the apparent horizon. Then, we obtain Friedmann equations from Verlinde's entropic gravity framework. We also compute the fractional corrections to the deceleration parameter $q$ in the flat case $k=0$ for both frameworks. Furthermore, we consider the time to reach the initial singularity for the two frameworks. The results indicate that the initial singularity is accessible for both frameworks. However, fractional effects may provide a constraint on the equation of state parameter in the entropic gravity scenario since the time is imaginary for $-2/3\alpha<\omega<-1/3$.
1407.7746
Benjamin Bahr
Benjamin Bahr
On background-independent renormalization of spin foam models
23 pages, 12 figures, updated references
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this article we discuss an implementation of renormalization group ideas to spin foam models, where there is no a priori length scale with which to define the flow. In the context of the continuum limit of these models, we show how the notion of cylindrical consistency of path integral measures gives a natural analogue of Wilson's RG flow equations for background-independent systems. We discuss the conditions for the continuum measures to be diffeomorphism-invariant, and consider both exact and approximate examples.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Jul 2014 14:53:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Sep 2014 14:53:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-09-10
[ [ "Bahr", "Benjamin", "" ] ]
In this article we discuss an implementation of renormalization group ideas to spin foam models, where there is no a priori length scale with which to define the flow. In the context of the continuum limit of these models, we show how the notion of cylindrical consistency of path integral measures gives a natural analogue of Wilson's RG flow equations for background-independent systems. We discuss the conditions for the continuum measures to be diffeomorphism-invariant, and consider both exact and approximate examples.
1401.4815
Torsten Asselmeyer-Maluga
T. Asselmeyer-Maluga and J. Krol
Inflation and topological phase transition driven by exotic smoothness
21 pages, no figures, iopart styla, accepted in Advances in High Energy Physics, special issue "Experimental Tests of Quantum Gravity and Exotic Quantum Field Theory Effects (QGEQ)"
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we will discuss a model which describes the cause of inflation by a topological transition. The guiding principle is the choice of an exotic smoothness structure for the space-time. Here we consider a space-time with topology $S^{3}\times\mathbb{R}$. In case of an exotic $S^{3}\times\mathbb{R}$, there is a change in the spatial topology from a 3-sphere to a homology 3-sphere which can carry a hyperbolic structure. From the physical point of view, we will discuss the path integral for the Einstein-Hilbert action with respect to a decomposition of the space-time. The inclusion of the boundary terms produces fermionic contributions to the partition function. The expectation value of an area (with respect to some surface) shows an exponential increase, i.e. we obtain inflationary behavior. We will calculate the amount of this increase to be a topological invariant. Then we will describe this transition by an effective model, the Starobinski or $R^{2}$ model which is consistent with the current measurement of the Planck satellite. The spectral index and other observables are also calculated. Finally we obtain a realistic cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Jan 2014 07:49:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-21
[ [ "Asselmeyer-Maluga", "T.", "" ], [ "Krol", "J.", "" ] ]
In this paper we will discuss a model which describes the cause of inflation by a topological transition. The guiding principle is the choice of an exotic smoothness structure for the space-time. Here we consider a space-time with topology $S^{3}\times\mathbb{R}$. In case of an exotic $S^{3}\times\mathbb{R}$, there is a change in the spatial topology from a 3-sphere to a homology 3-sphere which can carry a hyperbolic structure. From the physical point of view, we will discuss the path integral for the Einstein-Hilbert action with respect to a decomposition of the space-time. The inclusion of the boundary terms produces fermionic contributions to the partition function. The expectation value of an area (with respect to some surface) shows an exponential increase, i.e. we obtain inflationary behavior. We will calculate the amount of this increase to be a topological invariant. Then we will describe this transition by an effective model, the Starobinski or $R^{2}$ model which is consistent with the current measurement of the Planck satellite. The spectral index and other observables are also calculated. Finally we obtain a realistic cosmological constant.
gr-qc/0412036
Abd El Fady Morcos
A.B.Morcos
Temperature Fluctuation and an Expected Limit of Hubble Parameter in the Self-Consistent Model
8 pages, Latex file
J.Korean Astron.Soc.39:81,2006
10.5303/JKAS.2006.39.4.081
null
gr-qc
null
The temperature gradient of microwave background radiation (CMBR) is calculated in the Self Consistent Model. An expected values for Hubble parameter have been presented in two different cases. In the first case the temperature is treated as a function of time only, while in the other one the temperature depends on relaxation of isotropy condition in the self-consistent model and the assumption that the universe expands adiabatically. The COBE's or WMAP's fluctuations in temperature of CMBR may be used to predict a value for Hubble parameter.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Dec 2004 15:18:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-01-18
[ [ "Morcos", "A. B.", "" ] ]
The temperature gradient of microwave background radiation (CMBR) is calculated in the Self Consistent Model. An expected values for Hubble parameter have been presented in two different cases. In the first case the temperature is treated as a function of time only, while in the other one the temperature depends on relaxation of isotropy condition in the self-consistent model and the assumption that the universe expands adiabatically. The COBE's or WMAP's fluctuations in temperature of CMBR may be used to predict a value for Hubble parameter.
2110.07675
Marcelo J. Reboucas
N.A. Lemos, D. M\"uller, M.J. Reboucas
Probing spatial orientability of Friedmann--Robertson--Walker spatially flat spacetime
15 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; V2: 29 pages, clarification of orientability indicator added. New references included. Misprints corrected. Versions to appear in Phys. Rev. D (2022). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.04071
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.023528
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
One important global topological property of a spacetime manifold is orientability. It is widely believed that spatial orientability can only be tested by global journeys around the Universe to check for orientation-reversing closed paths. Since such global journeys are not feasible, theoretical arguments that combine universality of physical experiments with local arrow of time, CP violation and CPT invariance are usually offered to support the choosing of time- and space-orientable spacetime manifolds. The nonexistence of globally defined spinor fields on a non-orientable spacetime is another theoretical argument for orientability. However, it is conceivable that orientability can be put to test by local physical effects. In this paper, we show that it is possible to locally access spatial orientability of a spatially flat Friedmann--Robertson-Walker spacetime through quantum vacuum electromagnestic fluctuations. We argue that a putative non-orientability of the spatial sections of spatially flat FRW spacetime can be ascertained by the study of the stochastic motions of a charged particle or a point electric dipole under quantum vacuum electromagnetic fluctuations. In particular, the stochastic motions of a dipole permit the recognition of a presumed non-orientability of $3-$space in itself.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Oct 2021 19:17:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Jul 2022 16:39:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-08-17
[ [ "Lemos", "N. A.", "" ], [ "Müller", "D.", "" ], [ "Reboucas", "M. J.", "" ] ]
One important global topological property of a spacetime manifold is orientability. It is widely believed that spatial orientability can only be tested by global journeys around the Universe to check for orientation-reversing closed paths. Since such global journeys are not feasible, theoretical arguments that combine universality of physical experiments with local arrow of time, CP violation and CPT invariance are usually offered to support the choosing of time- and space-orientable spacetime manifolds. The nonexistence of globally defined spinor fields on a non-orientable spacetime is another theoretical argument for orientability. However, it is conceivable that orientability can be put to test by local physical effects. In this paper, we show that it is possible to locally access spatial orientability of a spatially flat Friedmann--Robertson-Walker spacetime through quantum vacuum electromagnestic fluctuations. We argue that a putative non-orientability of the spatial sections of spatially flat FRW spacetime can be ascertained by the study of the stochastic motions of a charged particle or a point electric dipole under quantum vacuum electromagnetic fluctuations. In particular, the stochastic motions of a dipole permit the recognition of a presumed non-orientability of $3-$space in itself.
0808.0956
Sergei Slobodov
Sergei Slobodov
Unwrapping Closed Timelike Curves
29 pages, 9 figures
Found.Phys.38:1082-1109,2008
10.1007/s10701-008-9253-x
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Closed timelike curves (CTCs) appear in many solutions of the Einstein equation, even with reasonable matter sources. These solutions appear to violate causality and so are considered problematic. Since CTCs reflect the global properties of a spacetime, one can attempt to change its topology, without changing its geometry, in such a way that the former CTCs are no longer closed in the new spacetime. This procedure is informally known as unwrapping. However, changes in global identifications tend to lead to local effects, and unwrapping is no exception, as it introduces a special kind of singularity, called quasi-regular. This "unwrapping" singularity is similar to the string singularities. We give two examples of unwrapping of essentially 2+1 dimensional spacetimes with CTCs, the Gott spacetime and the Godel universe. We show that the unwrapped Gott spacetime, while singular, is at least devoid of CTCs. In contrast, the unwrapped Godel spacetime still contains CTCs through every point. A "multiple unwrapping" procedure is devised to remove the remaining circular CTCs. We conclude that, based on the two spacetimes we investigated, CTCs appearing in the solutions of the Einstein equation are not simply a mathematical artifact of coordinate identifications, but are indeed a necessary consequence of General Relativity, provided only that we demand these solutions do not possess naked quasi-regular singularities.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Aug 2008 05:19:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-12-18
[ [ "Slobodov", "Sergei", "" ] ]
Closed timelike curves (CTCs) appear in many solutions of the Einstein equation, even with reasonable matter sources. These solutions appear to violate causality and so are considered problematic. Since CTCs reflect the global properties of a spacetime, one can attempt to change its topology, without changing its geometry, in such a way that the former CTCs are no longer closed in the new spacetime. This procedure is informally known as unwrapping. However, changes in global identifications tend to lead to local effects, and unwrapping is no exception, as it introduces a special kind of singularity, called quasi-regular. This "unwrapping" singularity is similar to the string singularities. We give two examples of unwrapping of essentially 2+1 dimensional spacetimes with CTCs, the Gott spacetime and the Godel universe. We show that the unwrapped Gott spacetime, while singular, is at least devoid of CTCs. In contrast, the unwrapped Godel spacetime still contains CTCs through every point. A "multiple unwrapping" procedure is devised to remove the remaining circular CTCs. We conclude that, based on the two spacetimes we investigated, CTCs appearing in the solutions of the Einstein equation are not simply a mathematical artifact of coordinate identifications, but are indeed a necessary consequence of General Relativity, provided only that we demand these solutions do not possess naked quasi-regular singularities.
1805.05959
Giuseppe Fanizza
Giuseppe Fanizza, Jaiyul Yoo, Sang Gyu Biern (Zurich)
Non-linear general relativistic effects in the observed redshift
44 pages, 1 figure, Version published in JCAP
JCAP 09 (2018) 037
10.1088/1475-7516/2018/09/037
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the second-order expression for the observed redshift, accounting for all the relativistic effects from the light propagation and from the frame change at the observer and the source positions. We derive the generic gauge-transformation law that any observable quantities should satisfy, and we verify our second-order expression for the observed redshift by explicitly checking its gauge transformation property. This is the first time an explicit verification is made for the second-order calculations of observable quantities. We present our results in popular gauge choices for easy use and discuss the origin of disagreements in previous calculations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 May 2018 18:00:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Sep 2018 12:33:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-09-26
[ [ "Fanizza", "Giuseppe", "", "Zurich" ], [ "Yoo", "Jaiyul", "", "Zurich" ], [ "Biern", "Sang Gyu", "", "Zurich" ] ]
We present the second-order expression for the observed redshift, accounting for all the relativistic effects from the light propagation and from the frame change at the observer and the source positions. We derive the generic gauge-transformation law that any observable quantities should satisfy, and we verify our second-order expression for the observed redshift by explicitly checking its gauge transformation property. This is the first time an explicit verification is made for the second-order calculations of observable quantities. We present our results in popular gauge choices for easy use and discuss the origin of disagreements in previous calculations.
gr-qc/0601071
Sergei Kopeikin
Sergei M. Kopeikin (University of Missouri-Columbia, USA) and Wei-Tou Ni (The Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing, China)
Laser Ranging Delay in the Bi-Metric Theory of Gravity
6 pages, figure and text improved. To appear in: Proceedings of the 359th WE-Heraeus Seminar on "Lasers, Clocks, and Drag-Free: Technologies for Future Exploration in Space and Tests of Gravity"}, ZARM, Bremen, Germany, May 30-June 1, 2005
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We introduce a linearized bi-metric theory of gravity with two metrics. The metric g_{ab} describes null hypersurfaces of the gravitational field while light moves on null hypersurfaces of the optical metric \bar{g}_{ab}. Bi-metrism naturally arises in vector-tensor theories with matter being non-minimally coupled to gravity via long-range vector field. We derive explicit Lorentz-invariant solution for a light ray propagating in space-time of the bi-metric theory and disentangle relativistic effects associated with the two metrics. This anlysis can be valuable for future spaceborne laser missions ASTROD and LATOR dedicated to map various relativistic gravity parameters in the solar system to unparalleled degree of accuracy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Jan 2006 01:06:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Mar 2006 01:14:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kopeikin", "Sergei M.", "", "University of Missouri-Columbia, USA" ], [ "Ni", "Wei-Tou", "", "The Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing, China" ] ]
We introduce a linearized bi-metric theory of gravity with two metrics. The metric g_{ab} describes null hypersurfaces of the gravitational field while light moves on null hypersurfaces of the optical metric \bar{g}_{ab}. Bi-metrism naturally arises in vector-tensor theories with matter being non-minimally coupled to gravity via long-range vector field. We derive explicit Lorentz-invariant solution for a light ray propagating in space-time of the bi-metric theory and disentangle relativistic effects associated with the two metrics. This anlysis can be valuable for future spaceborne laser missions ASTROD and LATOR dedicated to map various relativistic gravity parameters in the solar system to unparalleled degree of accuracy.
1102.0385
Farid Ya. Khalili
F.Ya.Khalili
Pass-through Mach-Zehnder topologies for macroscopic quantum measurements
11 pages, 9 figures
Phys.Rev.D83:122001,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.122001
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Several relatively small-scale experimental setups aimed on prototyping of future laser gravitational-wave detectors and testing of new methods of quantum measurements with macroscopic mechanical objects, are under development now. In these devices, not devoted directly to the gravitational-wave detection, Mach-Zehnder interferometer with pass-through Fabry-Perot cavities in the arms can be used instead of the standard Michelson/Fabry-Perot one. The advantage of this topology is that it does not contain high-reflectivity end mirrors with multilayer coatings, which Brownian noise could constitute the major part of the noise budget of the Michelson/Fabry-Perot interferometers. We consider here two variants of this topology: the "ordinary" position meter scheme, and a new variant of the quantum speed meter.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Feb 2011 08:56:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-06-13
[ [ "Khalili", "F. Ya.", "" ] ]
Several relatively small-scale experimental setups aimed on prototyping of future laser gravitational-wave detectors and testing of new methods of quantum measurements with macroscopic mechanical objects, are under development now. In these devices, not devoted directly to the gravitational-wave detection, Mach-Zehnder interferometer with pass-through Fabry-Perot cavities in the arms can be used instead of the standard Michelson/Fabry-Perot one. The advantage of this topology is that it does not contain high-reflectivity end mirrors with multilayer coatings, which Brownian noise could constitute the major part of the noise budget of the Michelson/Fabry-Perot interferometers. We consider here two variants of this topology: the "ordinary" position meter scheme, and a new variant of the quantum speed meter.
1706.04361
Riccardo Moriconi
Riccardo Moriconi and Giovanni Montani
Behavior of the Universe anisotropy in a big-bounce cosmology
20 pages, 7 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.123533
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the classical and quantum behavior of a Bianchi I model in the presence of a stiff matter contribution when the Vilenkin interpretation of the wave function of the Universe is taken into account. We study its evolution in the so-called polymer representation of quantum mechanics, in order to characterize the modifications that a discrete nature in the isotropic variable of the Universe induces on the morphology of the cosmological singularity. We demonstrate that in such a model the Big-Bang singularity is removed at a semiclassical level in favor of a Big-Bounce when a lattice on the isotropic variable is considered. Furthermore, the analysis of the mean values on the quantum degrees of freedom, \textit{i.e} the variables $\beta_{+},\beta_{-}$ in the Misner picture, and the investigation on the evolution of the wave packets show how the typical diverging behavior associated to the anisotropies of the Universe in proximity of the initial singularity disappears in our polymer modified scheme. Indeed, the anisotropies remain finite across the Big-Bounce and they assume a value that depends on the initial conditions fixed far from the turning point. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed scenario can be extended, with a suitable choice of the configuration parameters, to the Bianchi IX cosmology and therefore it can be regarded as a paradigm for the generic cosmological model.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Jun 2017 08:34:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-08-02
[ [ "Moriconi", "Riccardo", "" ], [ "Montani", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
We investigate the classical and quantum behavior of a Bianchi I model in the presence of a stiff matter contribution when the Vilenkin interpretation of the wave function of the Universe is taken into account. We study its evolution in the so-called polymer representation of quantum mechanics, in order to characterize the modifications that a discrete nature in the isotropic variable of the Universe induces on the morphology of the cosmological singularity. We demonstrate that in such a model the Big-Bang singularity is removed at a semiclassical level in favor of a Big-Bounce when a lattice on the isotropic variable is considered. Furthermore, the analysis of the mean values on the quantum degrees of freedom, \textit{i.e} the variables $\beta_{+},\beta_{-}$ in the Misner picture, and the investigation on the evolution of the wave packets show how the typical diverging behavior associated to the anisotropies of the Universe in proximity of the initial singularity disappears in our polymer modified scheme. Indeed, the anisotropies remain finite across the Big-Bounce and they assume a value that depends on the initial conditions fixed far from the turning point. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed scenario can be extended, with a suitable choice of the configuration parameters, to the Bianchi IX cosmology and therefore it can be regarded as a paradigm for the generic cosmological model.
1505.00205
Michael Coughlin
Michael Coughlin and Patrick Meyers and Shivaraj Kandhasamy and Eric Thrane and Nelson Christensen
Chasing 5-sigma: Prospects for searches for long-duration gravitational-waves without time slides
null
Phys. Rev. D 92, 043007 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.043007
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The detection of unmodeled gravitational-wave bursts by ground-based interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is a major goal for the advanced detector era. These searches are commonly cast as pattern recognition problems, where the goal is to identify statistically significant clusters in spectrograms of strain power when the precise signal morphology is unknown. In previous work, we have introduced a clustering algorithm referred to as "seedless clustering," and shown that it is a powerful tool for detecting weak long-lived (10-1000s) signals in background. However, as the algorithm is currently conceived, in order to carry out an all-sky search on a $\approx$ year of data, significant computational resources may be required in order to carry out background estimation. Alternatively, some of the sensitivity of the search must be sacrificed to control computational costs. The sensitivity of the algorithm is limited by the amount of computing resources due to the requirement of performing background studies to assign significance in gravitational-wave searches. In this paper, we present an analytic method for estimating the background generated by the seedless clustering algorithm and compare the performance to both Monte Carlo Gaussian noise and time-shifted gravitational-wave data from a week of LIGO's 5th Science Run. We demonstrate qualitative agreement between the model and measured distributions and argue that the approximation will be useful to supplement conventional background estimation techniques for advanced detector searches for long-duration gravitational-wave transients.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 May 2015 15:46:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-08-26
[ [ "Coughlin", "Michael", "" ], [ "Meyers", "Patrick", "" ], [ "Kandhasamy", "Shivaraj", "" ], [ "Thrane", "Eric", "" ], [ "Christensen", "Nelson", "" ] ]
The detection of unmodeled gravitational-wave bursts by ground-based interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is a major goal for the advanced detector era. These searches are commonly cast as pattern recognition problems, where the goal is to identify statistically significant clusters in spectrograms of strain power when the precise signal morphology is unknown. In previous work, we have introduced a clustering algorithm referred to as "seedless clustering," and shown that it is a powerful tool for detecting weak long-lived (10-1000s) signals in background. However, as the algorithm is currently conceived, in order to carry out an all-sky search on a $\approx$ year of data, significant computational resources may be required in order to carry out background estimation. Alternatively, some of the sensitivity of the search must be sacrificed to control computational costs. The sensitivity of the algorithm is limited by the amount of computing resources due to the requirement of performing background studies to assign significance in gravitational-wave searches. In this paper, we present an analytic method for estimating the background generated by the seedless clustering algorithm and compare the performance to both Monte Carlo Gaussian noise and time-shifted gravitational-wave data from a week of LIGO's 5th Science Run. We demonstrate qualitative agreement between the model and measured distributions and argue that the approximation will be useful to supplement conventional background estimation techniques for advanced detector searches for long-duration gravitational-wave transients.
gr-qc/9709008
Alexander L. Gromov
Alexander Gromov (St-Petersburg State Thechnical University, Russia)
Singularities, initial and boundary problems for the Tolman-Bondi model
LaTeX,7 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
Boundary problem for Tolman-Bondi model is formulated. One-to-one correspondence between singularities hypersurfaces and initial conditions of the Tolman-Bondi model is constructed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Sep 1997 19:44:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Gromov", "Alexander", "", "St-Petersburg State Thechnical University, Russia" ] ]
Boundary problem for Tolman-Bondi model is formulated. One-to-one correspondence between singularities hypersurfaces and initial conditions of the Tolman-Bondi model is constructed.
1205.4016
Benjamin C. Harms
Peter L. Biermann and Benjamin C. Harms
A graviton statistics approach to dark energy, inflation and black holes
75 pages, 7 figures, additional text to clarify key points, typographical errors corrected, additional references, the model and its predictions are unchanged
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive two new equations of quantum gravity and combine them with reinterpretations of previously proposed concepts of dark energy, inflation and black holes into a theory which may be a first step toward a comprehensive description of all three phenomena. The resulting theory also predicts new tests which can be experimentally checked within just a few years. The two new equations are : A) a creation equation to give stimulated emission for any surface filled with gravitons, pulling energy from a background, and B) the association of an outgoing soliton wave of gravitons, a "shell front" with a large Lorentz factor derived from the uncertainties in both space and time. These new equations are combined with the common notions of an all-pervasive background of gravitons at the Planck limit, the "Planck sea"; the identification of the thermodynamic limit with the emission of gravitons in a "shell front", i.e. what is usually called the entropy of black holes is identified with the outgoing gravitons; the concept of black holes as a membrane full of gravitons at a large Lorentz factor, the "Planck shell"; the emission of gravitons created in a "horizon shell" during inflation. These equations result in stimulated emission of gravitons by the interaction with the background, the "Planck sea", to describe dark energy, black holes, the inflationary period of the universe, and the arrow of time. These proposals lead to gravitational waves constituting dark energy. These waves should be detectable within a few years with pulsar timing arrays. These gravitational waves can be characterized as uncorrelated solitons, and should also be detectable with ultra-high precision lunar laser ranging, as well as with correspondingly precise clocks. The extremely high, but finite Lorentz factor for signal propagation may be expected to have further consequences in particle interactions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 May 2012 19:40:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 May 2012 19:39:37 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 Aug 2012 15:21:45 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Aug 2012 22:21:07 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Wed, 13 Feb 2013 22:09:19 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2013-02-15
[ [ "Biermann", "Peter L.", "" ], [ "Harms", "Benjamin C.", "" ] ]
We derive two new equations of quantum gravity and combine them with reinterpretations of previously proposed concepts of dark energy, inflation and black holes into a theory which may be a first step toward a comprehensive description of all three phenomena. The resulting theory also predicts new tests which can be experimentally checked within just a few years. The two new equations are : A) a creation equation to give stimulated emission for any surface filled with gravitons, pulling energy from a background, and B) the association of an outgoing soliton wave of gravitons, a "shell front" with a large Lorentz factor derived from the uncertainties in both space and time. These new equations are combined with the common notions of an all-pervasive background of gravitons at the Planck limit, the "Planck sea"; the identification of the thermodynamic limit with the emission of gravitons in a "shell front", i.e. what is usually called the entropy of black holes is identified with the outgoing gravitons; the concept of black holes as a membrane full of gravitons at a large Lorentz factor, the "Planck shell"; the emission of gravitons created in a "horizon shell" during inflation. These equations result in stimulated emission of gravitons by the interaction with the background, the "Planck sea", to describe dark energy, black holes, the inflationary period of the universe, and the arrow of time. These proposals lead to gravitational waves constituting dark energy. These waves should be detectable within a few years with pulsar timing arrays. These gravitational waves can be characterized as uncorrelated solitons, and should also be detectable with ultra-high precision lunar laser ranging, as well as with correspondingly precise clocks. The extremely high, but finite Lorentz factor for signal propagation may be expected to have further consequences in particle interactions.
gr-qc/0605154
Scott Pollack
Scott E Pollack and Robin Tuck Stebbins
Demonstration of the Zero-Crossing Phasemeter with a LISA Test-bed Interferometer
find minor corrections in the CQG version
Class.Quant.Grav.23:4189-4200,2006
10.1088/0264-9381/23/12/014
null
gr-qc
null
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is being designed to detect and study in detail gravitational waves from sources throughout the Universe such as massive black hole binaries. The conceptual formulation of the LISA space-borne gravitational wave detector is now well developed. The interferometric measurements between the sciencecraft remain one of the most important technological and scientific design areas for the mission. Our work has concentrated on developing the interferometric technologies to create a LISA-like optical signal and to measure the phase of that signal using commercially available instruments. One of the most important goals of this research is to demonstrate the LISA phase timing and phase reconstruction for a LISA-like fringe signal, in the case of a high fringe rate and a low signal level. We present current results of a test-bed interferometer designed to produce an optical LISA-like fringe signal previously discussed in the literature.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 May 2006 19:31:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Pollack", "Scott E", "" ], [ "Stebbins", "Robin Tuck", "" ] ]
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is being designed to detect and study in detail gravitational waves from sources throughout the Universe such as massive black hole binaries. The conceptual formulation of the LISA space-borne gravitational wave detector is now well developed. The interferometric measurements between the sciencecraft remain one of the most important technological and scientific design areas for the mission. Our work has concentrated on developing the interferometric technologies to create a LISA-like optical signal and to measure the phase of that signal using commercially available instruments. One of the most important goals of this research is to demonstrate the LISA phase timing and phase reconstruction for a LISA-like fringe signal, in the case of a high fringe rate and a low signal level. We present current results of a test-bed interferometer designed to produce an optical LISA-like fringe signal previously discussed in the literature.
1108.5760
Jan Hlad\'ik
Jan Hladik, Zdenek Stuchlik
Photon and neutrino redshift in the field of braneworld compact stars
null
JCAP07(2011)012
10.1088/1475-7516/2011/07/012
null
gr-qc astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study gravitational redshift of photons and neutrinos radiated by the braneworld neutron or quark stars that are considered in the framework of the simple model of the internal spacetime with uniform distribution of energy density, and the external spacetime described by the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m geometry characterized by the braneworld "tidal" charge $b$. For negative tidal charges, the external spacetime is of the black-hole type, while for positive tidal charges, the external spacetime can be of both black-hole and naked-singularity type. We consider also extremely compact stars allowing existence of trapped null geodesics in their interior. We assume radiation of photons from the surface at radius $R$, neutrinos from the whole compact star interior, and their motion along radial null geodesics of the spacetime. In dependency on the compact stars parameters $b$ and $R$, the photon surface redshift is related to the range of the neutrino internal redshift and the signatures of the tidal charge and possible existence of extremely compact stars are discussed. When both surface (photon) and internal (neutrino) redshift are given by observations, both compact star parameters $R$ and $b$ can be determined in the framework of our simple model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Aug 2011 21:29:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-08-31
[ [ "Hladik", "Jan", "" ], [ "Stuchlik", "Zdenek", "" ] ]
We study gravitational redshift of photons and neutrinos radiated by the braneworld neutron or quark stars that are considered in the framework of the simple model of the internal spacetime with uniform distribution of energy density, and the external spacetime described by the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m geometry characterized by the braneworld "tidal" charge $b$. For negative tidal charges, the external spacetime is of the black-hole type, while for positive tidal charges, the external spacetime can be of both black-hole and naked-singularity type. We consider also extremely compact stars allowing existence of trapped null geodesics in their interior. We assume radiation of photons from the surface at radius $R$, neutrinos from the whole compact star interior, and their motion along radial null geodesics of the spacetime. In dependency on the compact stars parameters $b$ and $R$, the photon surface redshift is related to the range of the neutrino internal redshift and the signatures of the tidal charge and possible existence of extremely compact stars are discussed. When both surface (photon) and internal (neutrino) redshift are given by observations, both compact star parameters $R$ and $b$ can be determined in the framework of our simple model.
0804.3944
Nora Breton
Aaron V. B. Arellano (1), Nora Breton (2), Ricardo Garcia-Salcedo (3),((1) Universidad Aut\'onoma del Estado de M\'exico, (2) Centro de Investigaci\'on y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico (3) CICATA-IPN, Mexico)
Some properties of evolving wormhole geometries within nonlinear electrodynamics
13 pages, 3(ps) figures
Gen.Rel.Grav.41:2561-2578,2009
10.1007/s10714-009-0780-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we review some properties for the evolving wormhole solution of Einstein equations coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics. We integrate the geodesic equations in the effective geometry obeyed by photons; we check out the weak field limit and find the traversability conditions. Then we analyze the case when the lagrangian depends on two electromagnetic invariants and it turns out that there is not a more general solution within the assumed geometry.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Apr 2008 15:19:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-01-08
[ [ "Arellano", "Aaron V. B.", "" ], [ "Breton", "Nora", "" ], [ "Garcia-Salcedo", "Ricardo", "" ] ]
In this paper we review some properties for the evolving wormhole solution of Einstein equations coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics. We integrate the geodesic equations in the effective geometry obeyed by photons; we check out the weak field limit and find the traversability conditions. Then we analyze the case when the lagrangian depends on two electromagnetic invariants and it turns out that there is not a more general solution within the assumed geometry.
1604.00269
Mindaugas Karciauskas Dr.
Mindaugas Kar\v{c}iauskas
Dynamical Analysis of Anisotropic Inflation
17 pages, 2 figures
null
10.1142/S0217732316400022
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Inflaton coupling to a vector field via the $f^2(\phi)F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}$ term is used in several contexts in the literature, such as to generate primordial magnetic fields, to produce statistically anisotropic curvature perturbation, to support anisotropic inflation and to circumvent the $\eta$-problem. Here, I perform dynamical analysis of such a system allowing for most general Bianchi I initial conditions. I also confirm the stability of attractor equilibrium points in phase-space directions that had not been investigated before.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Mar 2016 13:50:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 Aug 2016 18:40:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-01
[ [ "Karčiauskas", "Mindaugas", "" ] ]
Inflaton coupling to a vector field via the $f^2(\phi)F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}$ term is used in several contexts in the literature, such as to generate primordial magnetic fields, to produce statistically anisotropic curvature perturbation, to support anisotropic inflation and to circumvent the $\eta$-problem. Here, I perform dynamical analysis of such a system allowing for most general Bianchi I initial conditions. I also confirm the stability of attractor equilibrium points in phase-space directions that had not been investigated before.
gr-qc/0507111
Luc Blanchet
Luc Blanchet
General relativity and the spiral of compact binary stars
8 pages, in "Images de la Physique 2005", eds. E. Falgarone et al., Editions du C.N.R.S., p. 51, 2005 (in French)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The theory of general relativity, which is extremely well verified by classic tests in the solar system as well as by the radiation of the binary pulsar, is one of the fundamental tools of nowadays astrophysics. It permits the computation of the gravitational wave form emitted during the inspiral phase of binary systems of neutron stars and black holes. Based on the so-called post-Newtonian approximation (developped to high order), the prediction of general relativity is used as a "template" for searching and analysing the signals in the network of gravitational-wave detectors VIRGO/LIGO.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Jul 2005 18:12:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Blanchet", "Luc", "" ] ]
The theory of general relativity, which is extremely well verified by classic tests in the solar system as well as by the radiation of the binary pulsar, is one of the fundamental tools of nowadays astrophysics. It permits the computation of the gravitational wave form emitted during the inspiral phase of binary systems of neutron stars and black holes. Based on the so-called post-Newtonian approximation (developped to high order), the prediction of general relativity is used as a "template" for searching and analysing the signals in the network of gravitational-wave detectors VIRGO/LIGO.
1703.08655
Bernard J. Carr
B. J. Carr
Quantum Black Holes as the Link Between Microphysics and Macrophysics
9 pages, 7 figures, 2015 Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics, eds. P. Nicolini, J. Mureika, M. Kaminski and M. Bleicher
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
There appears to be a duality between elementary particles, which span the mass range below the Planck scale, and black holes, which span the mass range range above it. In particular, the Black Hole Uncertainty Principle Correspondence posits a smooth transition between the Compton and Schwarzschild scales as a function of mass. This suggests that all black holes are in some sense quantum, that elementary particles can be interpreted as sub-Planckian black holes, and that there is a subtle connection between quantum and classical physics.
[ { "created": "Sat, 25 Mar 2017 06:50:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-03-28
[ [ "Carr", "B. J.", "" ] ]
There appears to be a duality between elementary particles, which span the mass range below the Planck scale, and black holes, which span the mass range range above it. In particular, the Black Hole Uncertainty Principle Correspondence posits a smooth transition between the Compton and Schwarzschild scales as a function of mass. This suggests that all black holes are in some sense quantum, that elementary particles can be interpreted as sub-Planckian black holes, and that there is a subtle connection between quantum and classical physics.
0707.0900
Eduard Alexis Larranaga Rubio
Alexis Larranaga
Traversable Wormholes Construction in (2+1) Gravity
13 pages, 2 figures
Rev. Col. Fis. 40,2 (2008) 222-224
null
null
gr-qc
null
Wormholes have been always an interesting object in gravity theories. In this paper we make a little review of the principal properties of these objects and the exotic matter they need to exist. Then, we obtain two specific solutions in the formalism of (2+1)-dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant. The obtained geometries correspond to traversable wormholes with an exterior geometry correspondient to the well known BTZ black hole solution. We also discuss the distribution of exotic matter that these wormholes need.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Jul 2007 02:55:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Jul 2007 13:28:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-07-17
[ [ "Larranaga", "Alexis", "" ] ]
Wormholes have been always an interesting object in gravity theories. In this paper we make a little review of the principal properties of these objects and the exotic matter they need to exist. Then, we obtain two specific solutions in the formalism of (2+1)-dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant. The obtained geometries correspond to traversable wormholes with an exterior geometry correspondient to the well known BTZ black hole solution. We also discuss the distribution of exotic matter that these wormholes need.
1806.09837
Chul-Moon Yoo
Takahisa Igata, Hideki Ishihara, Masataka Tsuchiya, Chul-Moon Yoo
Rigidly Rotating String Sticking in a Kerr Black Hole
20 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. D 98, 064021 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.064021
RUP-18-16, OCU-PHYS-481, AP-GR-146
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze rigidly rotating Nambu--Goto strings in the Kerr spacetime, particularly focusing on the strings sticking in the horizon. From the regularity on the horizon, we find the condition for sticking in the horizon, which is consistent with the second law of the black hole thermodynamics. Energy extraction through the sticking string from a Kerr black hole occurs. We obtain the maximum value of the luminosity of the energy extraction.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Jun 2018 08:15:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-09-19
[ [ "Igata", "Takahisa", "" ], [ "Ishihara", "Hideki", "" ], [ "Tsuchiya", "Masataka", "" ], [ "Yoo", "Chul-Moon", "" ] ]
We analyze rigidly rotating Nambu--Goto strings in the Kerr spacetime, particularly focusing on the strings sticking in the horizon. From the regularity on the horizon, we find the condition for sticking in the horizon, which is consistent with the second law of the black hole thermodynamics. Energy extraction through the sticking string from a Kerr black hole occurs. We obtain the maximum value of the luminosity of the energy extraction.
2205.13584
Behnam Pourhassan
Behnam Pourhassan, Mahdi Atashi, Houcine Aounallah, Salman Sajad Wani, Mir Faizal, Barun Majumder
Quantum Thermodynamics of a Quantum Sized AdS Black Hole
15pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in NPB
Nucl.Phys.B 980 (2022) 115842
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115842
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we investigate the effects of non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections on a quantum sized AdS black hole. It will be observed that these non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections modify the stability of this black hole. We will use the non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics to investigate the evaporation of this black hole between two states. We will analyze the effects of non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections on this non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. We will explicitly obtain the quantum work distribution for this black hole, as it evaporates between two states. It will be observed that this quantum work distribution is modified due to non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 May 2022 19:01:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-06-22
[ [ "Pourhassan", "Behnam", "" ], [ "Atashi", "Mahdi", "" ], [ "Aounallah", "Houcine", "" ], [ "Wani", "Salman Sajad", "" ], [ "Faizal", "Mir", "" ], [ "Majumder", "Barun", "" ] ]
In this paper, we investigate the effects of non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections on a quantum sized AdS black hole. It will be observed that these non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections modify the stability of this black hole. We will use the non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics to investigate the evaporation of this black hole between two states. We will analyze the effects of non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections on this non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. We will explicitly obtain the quantum work distribution for this black hole, as it evaporates between two states. It will be observed that this quantum work distribution is modified due to non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections.
gr-qc/9210012
Alan R. Steif
S. Deser and Alan R. Steif
No Time Machines from Lightlike Sources in 2+1 Gravity
13 pages
Directions in general relativity, vol 1 (Cambridge U Press 1993)
null
Brandeis preprint BRX-TH-336
gr-qc hep-th
null
We extend the argument that spacetimes generated by two timelike particles in D=3 gravity (or equivalently by parallel-moving cosmic strings in D=4) permit closed timelike curves (CTC) only at the price of Misner identifications that correspond to unphysical boundary conditions at spatial infinity and to a tachyonic center of mass. Here we analyze geometries one or both of whose sources are lightlike. We make manifest both the presence of CTC at spatial infinity if they are present at all, and the tachyonic character of the system: As the total energy surpasses its tachyonic bound, CTC first begin to form at spatial infinity, then spread to the interior as the energy increases further. We then show that, in contrast, CTC are entirely forbidden in topologically massive gravity for geometries generated by lightlike sources.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Oct 1992 16:22:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-19
[ [ "Deser", "S.", "" ], [ "Steif", "Alan R.", "" ] ]
We extend the argument that spacetimes generated by two timelike particles in D=3 gravity (or equivalently by parallel-moving cosmic strings in D=4) permit closed timelike curves (CTC) only at the price of Misner identifications that correspond to unphysical boundary conditions at spatial infinity and to a tachyonic center of mass. Here we analyze geometries one or both of whose sources are lightlike. We make manifest both the presence of CTC at spatial infinity if they are present at all, and the tachyonic character of the system: As the total energy surpasses its tachyonic bound, CTC first begin to form at spatial infinity, then spread to the interior as the energy increases further. We then show that, in contrast, CTC are entirely forbidden in topologically massive gravity for geometries generated by lightlike sources.
gr-qc/9712063
Frank Gronwald
Frank Gronwald, Uwe Muench, Alfredo Mac\'ias, Friedrich W. Hehl
Volume elements of spacetime and a quartet of scalar fields
7 pages RevTEX, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 58, 084021 (1998)
10.1103/PhysRevD.58.084021
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Starting with a `bare' 4-dimensional differential manifold as a model of spacetime, we discuss the options one has for defining a volume element which can be used for physical theories. We show that one has to prescribe a scalar density \sigma. Whereas conventionally \sqrt{|\det g_{ij}|} is used for that purpose, with g_{ij} as the components of the metric, we point out other possibilities, namely \sigma as a `dilaton' field or as a derived quantity from either a linear connection or a quartet of scalar fields, as suggested by Guendelman and Kaganovich.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Dec 1997 18:52:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-25
[ [ "Gronwald", "Frank", "" ], [ "Muench", "Uwe", "" ], [ "Macías", "Alfredo", "" ], [ "Hehl", "Friedrich W.", "" ] ]
Starting with a `bare' 4-dimensional differential manifold as a model of spacetime, we discuss the options one has for defining a volume element which can be used for physical theories. We show that one has to prescribe a scalar density \sigma. Whereas conventionally \sqrt{|\det g_{ij}|} is used for that purpose, with g_{ij} as the components of the metric, we point out other possibilities, namely \sigma as a `dilaton' field or as a derived quantity from either a linear connection or a quartet of scalar fields, as suggested by Guendelman and Kaganovich.
1101.1736
Tanwi Ghosh
Tanwi Ghosh and Soumitra Sengupta
Tunneling across dilaton coupled black holes in anti de Sitter spacetime
9 pages and 2 figures
Phys.Lett.B696:167-172,2011
10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.016
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Considering generalised action for dilaton coupled Maxwell-Einstein theory in four dimensions, Gao and Zhang obtained black holes solutions for asymptotically anti de Sitter (Ads) and de Sitter (ds) spacetimes. We study the Hawking radiation in Parikh-Wilczek's tunneling formalism as well as using Bogoliubov transformations. We compare the expression of the Hawking temperature obtained from these two different approaches. Stability and the extremality conditions for such black holes are discussed. The exact dependences of the Hawking temperature and flux on the dilaton coupling parameter are determined. It is shown that the Hawking flux increases with the dilaton coupling parameter. Finally we show that the expression for the Hawking flux obtained using Bogoliubov transformation matches exactly with flux calculated via chiral gauge and gravitational anomalies. This establishes a correspondence among all these different approaches of estimating Hawking radiation from these class of black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Jan 2011 08:56:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-02-18
[ [ "Ghosh", "Tanwi", "" ], [ "Sengupta", "Soumitra", "" ] ]
Considering generalised action for dilaton coupled Maxwell-Einstein theory in four dimensions, Gao and Zhang obtained black holes solutions for asymptotically anti de Sitter (Ads) and de Sitter (ds) spacetimes. We study the Hawking radiation in Parikh-Wilczek's tunneling formalism as well as using Bogoliubov transformations. We compare the expression of the Hawking temperature obtained from these two different approaches. Stability and the extremality conditions for such black holes are discussed. The exact dependences of the Hawking temperature and flux on the dilaton coupling parameter are determined. It is shown that the Hawking flux increases with the dilaton coupling parameter. Finally we show that the expression for the Hawking flux obtained using Bogoliubov transformation matches exactly with flux calculated via chiral gauge and gravitational anomalies. This establishes a correspondence among all these different approaches of estimating Hawking radiation from these class of black holes.
gr-qc/0210073
Tiberiu Harko
T.Harko, M. K. Mak
Bianchi type I universes with dilaton and magnetic fields
10 pages, 4 figures
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D11 (2002) 1171-1182
10.1142/S0218271802002141
null
gr-qc
null
We consider the dynamics of a Bianchi type I spacetime in the presence of dilaton and magnetic fields. The general solution of the Einstein-Maxwell dilaton field equations can be obtained in an exact parametric form. Depending on the numerical values of the parameters of the model there are three distinct classes of solutions. The time evolution of the mean anisotropy, shear and deceleration parameter is considered in detail and it is shown that a magnetic-dilaton anisotropic Bianchi type I geometry does not isotropize, the initial anisotropy being present in the universe for all times.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Oct 2002 08:26:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Harko", "T.", "" ], [ "Mak", "M. K.", "" ] ]
We consider the dynamics of a Bianchi type I spacetime in the presence of dilaton and magnetic fields. The general solution of the Einstein-Maxwell dilaton field equations can be obtained in an exact parametric form. Depending on the numerical values of the parameters of the model there are three distinct classes of solutions. The time evolution of the mean anisotropy, shear and deceleration parameter is considered in detail and it is shown that a magnetic-dilaton anisotropic Bianchi type I geometry does not isotropize, the initial anisotropy being present in the universe for all times.
2207.13146
Thanasis Karakasis
Thanasis Karakasis, George Koutsoumbas, Andri Machattou, Eleftherios Papantonopoulos
Magnetically Charged Euler-Heisenberg Black Holes with Scalar Hair
Some typos corrected, accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 106, 104006 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.104006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study the Einstein-Euler-Heisenberg theory in the presence of a self interacting scalar field, minimally coupled to gravity. We solve analytically the field equations for the magnetically charged case and we obtain novel magnetically charged hairy black holes. The scalar field dresses the black hole with a secondary scalar hair. The hairy black hole develops three horizons when Euler-Heisenberg parameter and the magnetic charge are small and the horizon radius is getting large when the scalar charge and the gravitational mass are large. The presence of matter and the magnetic field outside the horizon of the black hole increases the temperature only for small black holes. Calculating the heat capacity we show that the asymptotically AdS Euler-Heisenberg hairy black hole undergoes a second order phase transition and then it is stabilized. Also the weak energy condition is violated for the asymptotically AdS Euler-Heisenberg hairy black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Jul 2022 18:56:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Oct 2022 19:26:56 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Oct 2022 07:05:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-11-15
[ [ "Karakasis", "Thanasis", "" ], [ "Koutsoumbas", "George", "" ], [ "Machattou", "Andri", "" ], [ "Papantonopoulos", "Eleftherios", "" ] ]
We study the Einstein-Euler-Heisenberg theory in the presence of a self interacting scalar field, minimally coupled to gravity. We solve analytically the field equations for the magnetically charged case and we obtain novel magnetically charged hairy black holes. The scalar field dresses the black hole with a secondary scalar hair. The hairy black hole develops three horizons when Euler-Heisenberg parameter and the magnetic charge are small and the horizon radius is getting large when the scalar charge and the gravitational mass are large. The presence of matter and the magnetic field outside the horizon of the black hole increases the temperature only for small black holes. Calculating the heat capacity we show that the asymptotically AdS Euler-Heisenberg hairy black hole undergoes a second order phase transition and then it is stabilized. Also the weak energy condition is violated for the asymptotically AdS Euler-Heisenberg hairy black hole.
2003.13935
Andrea Giusti
Valerio Faraoni, Andrea Giusti, Jeremy C\^ot\'e
Turnaround radius in scalar-tensor gravity with quasilocal mass
10 pages, no figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Phys. Rev. D 102, 044002 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.044002
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Following an existing procedure in general relativity, the turnaround radius of a spherical structure is studied in scalar-tensor gravity using a new prescription for the analog of the Hawking-Hayward quasilocal mass in this class of theories.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Mar 2020 03:19:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 25 Jul 2020 06:24:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-08-12
[ [ "Faraoni", "Valerio", "" ], [ "Giusti", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Côté", "Jeremy", "" ] ]
Following an existing procedure in general relativity, the turnaround radius of a spherical structure is studied in scalar-tensor gravity using a new prescription for the analog of the Hawking-Hayward quasilocal mass in this class of theories.
2111.06987
David Reitze
Peter Couvares, Ian Bird, Ed Porter, Stefano Bagnasco, Michele Punturo, David Reitze, Stavros Katsanevas, Takaaki Kajita, Vicky Kalogera, Harald Lueck, David McClelland, Sheila Rowan, Gary Sanders, B.S. Sathyaprakash, David Shoemaker, Jo van den Brand
Gravitational Wave Data Analysis: Computing Challenges in the 3G Era
26 pages, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cyber infrastructure will be a critical consideration in the development of next generation gravitational-wave detectors. The demand for data analysis computing in the 3G era will be driven by the high number of detections as well as the expanded search parameter space for compact astrophysical objects and the subsequent parameter estimation follow-up required to extract the nature of the sources. Additionally, there will be an increased need to develop appropriate and scalable computing cyberinfrastructure, including data access and transfer protocols, and storage and management of software tools, that have sustainable development, support, and management processes. This report identifies the major challenges and opportunities facing 3G gravitational-wave observatories and presents recommendations for addressing them. This report is the fourth in a six part series of reports by the GWIC 3G Subcommittee: i) Expanding the Reach of Gravitational Wave Observatories to the Edge of the Universe, ii) The Next Generation Global Gravitational Wave Observatory: The Science Book, iii) 3G R&D: R&D for the Next Generation of Ground-based Gravitational Wave Detectors, iv) Gravitational Wave Data Analysis: Computing Challenges in the 3G Era (this report), v) Future Ground-based Gravitational-wave Observatories: Synergies with Other Scientific Communities, and vi) An Exploration of Possible Governance Models for the Future Global Gravitational-Wave Observatory Network.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Nov 2021 23:46:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-16
[ [ "Couvares", "Peter", "" ], [ "Bird", "Ian", "" ], [ "Porter", "Ed", "" ], [ "Bagnasco", "Stefano", "" ], [ "Punturo", "Michele", "" ], [ "Reitze", "David", "" ], [ "Katsanevas", "Stavros", "" ], [ "Kajita", "Takaaki", "" ], [ "Kalogera", "Vicky", "" ], [ "Lueck", "Harald", "" ], [ "McClelland", "David", "" ], [ "Rowan", "Sheila", "" ], [ "Sanders", "Gary", "" ], [ "Sathyaprakash", "B. S.", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "David", "" ], [ "Brand", "Jo van den", "" ] ]
Cyber infrastructure will be a critical consideration in the development of next generation gravitational-wave detectors. The demand for data analysis computing in the 3G era will be driven by the high number of detections as well as the expanded search parameter space for compact astrophysical objects and the subsequent parameter estimation follow-up required to extract the nature of the sources. Additionally, there will be an increased need to develop appropriate and scalable computing cyberinfrastructure, including data access and transfer protocols, and storage and management of software tools, that have sustainable development, support, and management processes. This report identifies the major challenges and opportunities facing 3G gravitational-wave observatories and presents recommendations for addressing them. This report is the fourth in a six part series of reports by the GWIC 3G Subcommittee: i) Expanding the Reach of Gravitational Wave Observatories to the Edge of the Universe, ii) The Next Generation Global Gravitational Wave Observatory: The Science Book, iii) 3G R&D: R&D for the Next Generation of Ground-based Gravitational Wave Detectors, iv) Gravitational Wave Data Analysis: Computing Challenges in the 3G Era (this report), v) Future Ground-based Gravitational-wave Observatories: Synergies with Other Scientific Communities, and vi) An Exploration of Possible Governance Models for the Future Global Gravitational-Wave Observatory Network.
1804.04007
Subhajit Saha
Anindita Mondal and Subhajit Saha
A closer look at the Barboza-Alcaniz equation of state parametrization
6 pages, 3 figures
Romanian Journal of Physics 63, 106 (2018)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Barboza-Alcaniz EoS parametrization has been considered and its $q$-parametrization has been investigated in search for a thermodynamic motivation. For this, we have studied the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics as well as the thermodynamic equilibrium considering the cosmological apparent horizon as the boundary. Also, an expression for the particle creation rate has been obtained in terms of $q$ assuming an adiabatic particle creation scenario and its behavior has been studied for consistency during various phases of evolution of the Universe as suggested by various thermodynamic arguments found in the literature.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Apr 2018 19:01:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-04-12
[ [ "Mondal", "Anindita", "" ], [ "Saha", "Subhajit", "" ] ]
The Barboza-Alcaniz EoS parametrization has been considered and its $q$-parametrization has been investigated in search for a thermodynamic motivation. For this, we have studied the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics as well as the thermodynamic equilibrium considering the cosmological apparent horizon as the boundary. Also, an expression for the particle creation rate has been obtained in terms of $q$ assuming an adiabatic particle creation scenario and its behavior has been studied for consistency during various phases of evolution of the Universe as suggested by various thermodynamic arguments found in the literature.