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2112.01747
Yan-Gang Miao
Yang Guo, Yan-Gang Miao
Charged black-bounce spacetimes: Photon rings, shadows and observational appearances
v1: 10 pages, 6 figures; v2: references added; v3: 12 pages, 7 figures, clarifications and references added, final version to appear in Nuclear Physics B
Nucl. Phys. B 983 (2022) 115938
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115938
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The photon ring, shadow and observational appearance of the emission originating near a charged black-bounce are investigated. Based on the geodesic analysis, we determine the upper and lower limits of critical impact parameters of a charged black-bounce. In particular, we find that the charged black-bounce shares the same critical impact parameter with the Reissner-Nordst\"om black hole. In addition, we classify the light trajectories coming from the region near the charged black-bounce by utilizing the rays tracing procedure, and then investigate the observational appearance of the emissions from a thin disk accretion and a spherically symmetric infalling accretion. We reveal that a large charge increases the observed intensity but decreases the apparent size of shadows, and that the photon ring presents the intrinsic property of a spacetime geometry, which is independent of the types of the two accretions. Our results are in good agreement with the recent observations.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Dec 2021 07:00:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Dec 2021 09:09:37 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 7 Aug 2022 10:40:07 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-08-23
[ [ "Guo", "Yang", "" ], [ "Miao", "Yan-Gang", "" ] ]
The photon ring, shadow and observational appearance of the emission originating near a charged black-bounce are investigated. Based on the geodesic analysis, we determine the upper and lower limits of critical impact parameters of a charged black-bounce. In particular, we find that the charged black-bounce shares the same critical impact parameter with the Reissner-Nordst\"om black hole. In addition, we classify the light trajectories coming from the region near the charged black-bounce by utilizing the rays tracing procedure, and then investigate the observational appearance of the emissions from a thin disk accretion and a spherically symmetric infalling accretion. We reveal that a large charge increases the observed intensity but decreases the apparent size of shadows, and that the photon ring presents the intrinsic property of a spacetime geometry, which is independent of the types of the two accretions. Our results are in good agreement with the recent observations.
1409.2407
Sebastian Steinhaus
Bianca Dittrich, Sebastian Mizera, Sebastian Steinhaus
Decorated tensor network renormalization for lattice gauge theories and spin foam models
20 pages, 13 figures. v2: extended explanation of tensor network algorithm with focus on Abelian case
New J.Phys. 18 (2016) no.5, 053009
10.1088/1367-2630/18/5/053009
null
gr-qc cond-mat.str-el hep-lat hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Tensor network techniques have proved to be powerful tools that can be employed to explore the large scale dynamics of lattice systems. Nonetheless, the redundancy of degrees of freedom in lattice gauge theories (and related models) poses a challenge for standard tensor network algorithms. We accommodate for such systems by introducing an additional structure decorating the tensor network. This allows to explicitly preserve the gauge symmetry of the system under coarse graining and straightforwardly interpret the fixed point tensors. We propose and test (for models with finite Abelian groups) a coarse graining algorithm for lattice gauge theories based on decorated tensor networks. We also point out that decorated tensor networks are applicable to other models as well, where they provide the advantage to give immediate access to certain expectation values and correlation functions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Sep 2014 15:53:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 6 May 2016 16:17:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-05-12
[ [ "Dittrich", "Bianca", "" ], [ "Mizera", "Sebastian", "" ], [ "Steinhaus", "Sebastian", "" ] ]
Tensor network techniques have proved to be powerful tools that can be employed to explore the large scale dynamics of lattice systems. Nonetheless, the redundancy of degrees of freedom in lattice gauge theories (and related models) poses a challenge for standard tensor network algorithms. We accommodate for such systems by introducing an additional structure decorating the tensor network. This allows to explicitly preserve the gauge symmetry of the system under coarse graining and straightforwardly interpret the fixed point tensors. We propose and test (for models with finite Abelian groups) a coarse graining algorithm for lattice gauge theories based on decorated tensor networks. We also point out that decorated tensor networks are applicable to other models as well, where they provide the advantage to give immediate access to certain expectation values and correlation functions.
gr-qc/0506084
Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman
Katarzyna Imilkowska and Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman
Doubly Special Relativity as a Limit of Gravity
26 pages, Submitted to Lecture Notes in Physics
Lect.NotesPhys.702:279-298,2006
10.1007/3-540-34523-X_10
null
gr-qc
null
Doubly Special Relativity (DSR) is a theory with two observer-independent scales, of velocity and mass, which is expected to replace Special Relativity at ultra-high energies. In these notes we first discuss the postulates of DSR, and then turn to presenting arguments supporting the hypothesis that DSR can be regarded as a flat space, semiclassical limit of gravity. The notes are based on the talk presented at the conference ``Special Relativity -- Will it Survive the Next 100 Years?''
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Jun 2005 09:37:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 17 Jun 2005 07:19:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Imilkowska", "Katarzyna", "" ], [ "Kowalski-Glikman", "Jerzy", "" ] ]
Doubly Special Relativity (DSR) is a theory with two observer-independent scales, of velocity and mass, which is expected to replace Special Relativity at ultra-high energies. In these notes we first discuss the postulates of DSR, and then turn to presenting arguments supporting the hypothesis that DSR can be regarded as a flat space, semiclassical limit of gravity. The notes are based on the talk presented at the conference ``Special Relativity -- Will it Survive the Next 100 Years?''
2407.20476
Sebastiano Segreto
Sebastiano Segreto, Giovanni Montani
Mixmaster Universe in a 2D non-commutative GUP framework
23 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work, we examine the dynamical aspects of the cosmological Mixmaster model within the framework of non-commutative generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) theories. The theory is formulated classically by introducing a well-defined symplectic form that differs from the ordinary one, thereby inducing a general deformation of the Poisson brackets describing a precise class of GUP theories. In this general setting, we first investigate the behavior of the Bianchi I and Bianchi II models using Misner variables. Then, we study the Bianchi IX model in the Mixmaster approximation, which is well-known for accurately reproducing the dynamics of the point-particle Universe approaching the cosmological singularity. We derive the corresponding Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) map and then, by selecting a specific GUP model associated with string theory, we explicitly investigate its resulting features shaped by the non-commutative GUP scheme. Our findings reveal that the chaotic and ergodic behavior typically observed in the standard BKL map, which characterizes the point-Universe's approach to the singularity, is replaced by quasi-periodic orbits in the parameter space of the theory. This corresponds to an oscillatory behavior of the Universe's scale factors, dependent on the initial conditions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:28:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-31
[ [ "Segreto", "Sebastiano", "" ], [ "Montani", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
In this work, we examine the dynamical aspects of the cosmological Mixmaster model within the framework of non-commutative generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) theories. The theory is formulated classically by introducing a well-defined symplectic form that differs from the ordinary one, thereby inducing a general deformation of the Poisson brackets describing a precise class of GUP theories. In this general setting, we first investigate the behavior of the Bianchi I and Bianchi II models using Misner variables. Then, we study the Bianchi IX model in the Mixmaster approximation, which is well-known for accurately reproducing the dynamics of the point-particle Universe approaching the cosmological singularity. We derive the corresponding Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) map and then, by selecting a specific GUP model associated with string theory, we explicitly investigate its resulting features shaped by the non-commutative GUP scheme. Our findings reveal that the chaotic and ergodic behavior typically observed in the standard BKL map, which characterizes the point-Universe's approach to the singularity, is replaced by quasi-periodic orbits in the parameter space of the theory. This corresponds to an oscillatory behavior of the Universe's scale factors, dependent on the initial conditions.
1704.05378
Sergey Chervon
Sergey V. Chervon and Igor V. Fomin
On calculation of the cosmological parameters in exact models of inflation
5 pages, publication of 2008, minor corrections
Grav. & Cosmol. v.14, (2008) 163
10.1134/S0202289308020060
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss a method of calculating the key cosmological parameters on the basis of a selected scale factor by using exact solutions of the background equations. We specify the formulas for calculating the power spectrum, the spectral indices and their ratios, and the ratio of squared amplitudes of scalar and tensor perturbations. We obtain, for the first time, expressions for the basic cosmological parameters in terms of the scalar factor value at the instant of crossing the cosmological horizon. In this case, the cosmological parameters are calculated for a wide class of exact models. They are compared with their analogs derived in the slow-rolling approximation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Apr 2017 14:51:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-04-19
[ [ "Chervon", "Sergey V.", "" ], [ "Fomin", "Igor V.", "" ] ]
We discuss a method of calculating the key cosmological parameters on the basis of a selected scale factor by using exact solutions of the background equations. We specify the formulas for calculating the power spectrum, the spectral indices and their ratios, and the ratio of squared amplitudes of scalar and tensor perturbations. We obtain, for the first time, expressions for the basic cosmological parameters in terms of the scalar factor value at the instant of crossing the cosmological horizon. In this case, the cosmological parameters are calculated for a wide class of exact models. They are compared with their analogs derived in the slow-rolling approximation.
gr-qc/0401098
Bernd Reimann
Bernd Reimann, Bernd Bruegmann
Late Time Analysis for Maximal Slicing of Reissner-Nordstr\"om Puncture Evolutions
22 pages, 4 figures, changes in Sec. IV B, as published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D69:124009,2004
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.124009
AEI-2003-107, CGPG-03/12-1
gr-qc
null
We perform an analytic late time analysis for maximal slicing of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole spacetime. In particular, we discuss the collapse of the lapse in terms of its late time behavior at the throat and at the event horizon for the even and the puncture lapse. In the latter case we also determine the value of the lapse at the puncture. Furthermore, in the limit of late times slice stretching effects are studied as they arise for maximal slicing of puncture evolutions. We perform numerical experiments for a Schwarzschild black hole with puncture lapse and find agreement with the analytical results.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Jan 2004 18:25:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Jun 2004 16:48:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Reimann", "Bernd", "" ], [ "Bruegmann", "Bernd", "" ] ]
We perform an analytic late time analysis for maximal slicing of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole spacetime. In particular, we discuss the collapse of the lapse in terms of its late time behavior at the throat and at the event horizon for the even and the puncture lapse. In the latter case we also determine the value of the lapse at the puncture. Furthermore, in the limit of late times slice stretching effects are studied as they arise for maximal slicing of puncture evolutions. We perform numerical experiments for a Schwarzschild black hole with puncture lapse and find agreement with the analytical results.
2309.02709
Soham Chatterjee
Sagnik Roy, Soham Chatterjee and Ratna Koley
Shadow of higher dimensional collapsing dark star and blackhole
15 pages, 4 figures
Eur.Phys.J.C 84 (2024) 1, 47
10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12379-w
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The shadow of a black hole or a collapsing star is of great importance as we can extract important properties of the object and of the surrounding spacetime from the shadow profile. It can also be used to distinguish different types of black holes and ultra compact objects. In this work, we have analytically calculated the shadow of a higher dimensional collapsing dark star, described by higher dimensional Vaidya metric, by choosing a slightly generalized version of Misner--Sharp mass function. We have also numerically investigated the properties of the shadows of the black holes and the collapsing stars for a slightly more general mass function. Examining the potential influence of extra spatial dimensions on the shadow, we have explored the possibility of distinguishing higher dimensions from the standard four-dimensional spacetime.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Sep 2023 04:43:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Jul 2024 13:14:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-08
[ [ "Roy", "Sagnik", "" ], [ "Chatterjee", "Soham", "" ], [ "Koley", "Ratna", "" ] ]
The shadow of a black hole or a collapsing star is of great importance as we can extract important properties of the object and of the surrounding spacetime from the shadow profile. It can also be used to distinguish different types of black holes and ultra compact objects. In this work, we have analytically calculated the shadow of a higher dimensional collapsing dark star, described by higher dimensional Vaidya metric, by choosing a slightly generalized version of Misner--Sharp mass function. We have also numerically investigated the properties of the shadows of the black holes and the collapsing stars for a slightly more general mass function. Examining the potential influence of extra spatial dimensions on the shadow, we have explored the possibility of distinguishing higher dimensions from the standard four-dimensional spacetime.
1611.01062
Jeremy Sakstein
Jeremy Sakstein, Michael Kenna-Allison, Kazuya Koyama
Stellar Pulsations in Beyond Horndeski Gravity Theories
13 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Updated to reflect published version. Minor changes from previous version
JCAP03(2017)007
10.1088/1475-7516/2017/03/007
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.SR hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Theories of gravity in the beyond Horndeski class recover the predictions of general relativity in the solar system whilst admitting novel cosmologies, including late-time de Sitter solutions in the absence of a cosmological constant. Deviations from Newton's law are predicted inside astrophysical bodies, which allow for falsifiable, smoking-gun tests of the theory. In this work we study the pulsations of stars by deriving and solving the wave equation governing linear adiabatic oscillations to find the modified period of pulsation. Using both semi-analytic and numerical models, we perform a preliminary survey of the stellar zoo in an attempt to identify the best candidate objects for testing the theory. Brown dwarfs and Cepheid stars are found to be particularly sensitive objects and we discuss the possibility of using both to test the theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 Nov 2016 15:28:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Nov 2016 15:20:47 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Feb 2017 14:14:58 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-03-08
[ [ "Sakstein", "Jeremy", "" ], [ "Kenna-Allison", "Michael", "" ], [ "Koyama", "Kazuya", "" ] ]
Theories of gravity in the beyond Horndeski class recover the predictions of general relativity in the solar system whilst admitting novel cosmologies, including late-time de Sitter solutions in the absence of a cosmological constant. Deviations from Newton's law are predicted inside astrophysical bodies, which allow for falsifiable, smoking-gun tests of the theory. In this work we study the pulsations of stars by deriving and solving the wave equation governing linear adiabatic oscillations to find the modified period of pulsation. Using both semi-analytic and numerical models, we perform a preliminary survey of the stellar zoo in an attempt to identify the best candidate objects for testing the theory. Brown dwarfs and Cepheid stars are found to be particularly sensitive objects and we discuss the possibility of using both to test the theory.
1203.3799
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif and M. Azam
Effects of Electromagnetic Field on the Dynamical Instability of Cylindrical Collapse
null
JCAP 02(2012)043
10.1088/1475-7516/2012/02/043
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The objective of this paper is to discuss the dynamical instability in the context of Newtonian and post Newtonian regimes. For this purpose, we consider non-viscous heat conducting charged isotropic fluid as a collapsing matter with cylindrical symmetry. Darmois junction conditions are formulated. The perturbation scheme is applied to investigate the influence of dissipation and electromagnetic field on the dynamical instability. We conclude that the adiabatic index $\Gamma$ has smaller value for such a fluid in cylindrically symmetric than isotropic sphere.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Mar 2012 02:09:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-04
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Azam", "M.", "" ] ]
The objective of this paper is to discuss the dynamical instability in the context of Newtonian and post Newtonian regimes. For this purpose, we consider non-viscous heat conducting charged isotropic fluid as a collapsing matter with cylindrical symmetry. Darmois junction conditions are formulated. The perturbation scheme is applied to investigate the influence of dissipation and electromagnetic field on the dynamical instability. We conclude that the adiabatic index $\Gamma$ has smaller value for such a fluid in cylindrically symmetric than isotropic sphere.
gr-qc/0201039
Peter Leifer
P. Leifer
Super-Relativity and State-Dependent Gauge Fields
20 pages, LaTeX, submitted to the Foundations of Physics Letters, some formulas improved, minor grammatical changes
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
State-dependent gauge principle invoked to realize the relativity to a measuring device, has been proposed. Self-consistent global (cosmic) potential forms the state space of the fundamental field and its connection, agreed with Fubini-Study metric of $CP(N-1)$, serves as state-dependent gauge potential. In this framework the linearity of the ordinary quantum mechanics appears as a `tangent approximation' to the totally nonlinear underlying pre-dynamical `functional' field theory on $CP(N-1)$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Jan 2002 20:01:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Jan 2002 08:40:29 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 27 Jan 2002 18:56:53 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Leifer", "P.", "" ] ]
State-dependent gauge principle invoked to realize the relativity to a measuring device, has been proposed. Self-consistent global (cosmic) potential forms the state space of the fundamental field and its connection, agreed with Fubini-Study metric of $CP(N-1)$, serves as state-dependent gauge potential. In this framework the linearity of the ordinary quantum mechanics appears as a `tangent approximation' to the totally nonlinear underlying pre-dynamical `functional' field theory on $CP(N-1)$.
gr-qc/9412022
Harald Mueller
Harald F. Muller and Christoph Schmid
Non--Gaussian Primordial Fluctuations
9 pages, uses AMSTex, 1 figure (not included)
null
null
ETH-TH/94-35
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We analyze the non--Gaussian primordial fluctuations which are inescapably contributed by scalar fields $\Phi$ with vanishing expectation values, $\langle\Phi\rangle=0$, present during inflation in addition to the inflaton field. For simplicity we take $\Phi$ to be non--interacting and minimally coupled to gravity. $\Phi$ is a Gaussian variable, but the energy density fluctuations contributed by such a field are $\chi^2$--distributed. We compute the three--point function $\xxxT$ for the configuration of an equilateral triangle (with side length $\ell$) and the skewness $\dddRR$, {\it i.e.} the third moment of the one--point probability distribution of the spatially smeared energy density contrast $\de_R$, where $R$ is the smearing scale. The relative magnitudes of the non--Gaussian effects, $[\xi^{(N)}]^{1/N}/[\xi^{(2)}]^{1/2}$, do not grow in time. They are given by numerical constants of order unity, independent of the scale $\ell$. The "bi--skewness" $\dddRS$ is positive. For smearing lengths $R\ll S$ this shows that in our model (in contrast to Gaussian models) voids are more quiet than high--density regions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Dec 1994 15:36:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-25
[ [ "Muller", "Harald F.", "" ], [ "Schmid", "Christoph", "" ] ]
We analyze the non--Gaussian primordial fluctuations which are inescapably contributed by scalar fields $\Phi$ with vanishing expectation values, $\langle\Phi\rangle=0$, present during inflation in addition to the inflaton field. For simplicity we take $\Phi$ to be non--interacting and minimally coupled to gravity. $\Phi$ is a Gaussian variable, but the energy density fluctuations contributed by such a field are $\chi^2$--distributed. We compute the three--point function $\xxxT$ for the configuration of an equilateral triangle (with side length $\ell$) and the skewness $\dddRR$, {\it i.e.} the third moment of the one--point probability distribution of the spatially smeared energy density contrast $\de_R$, where $R$ is the smearing scale. The relative magnitudes of the non--Gaussian effects, $[\xi^{(N)}]^{1/N}/[\xi^{(2)}]^{1/2}$, do not grow in time. They are given by numerical constants of order unity, independent of the scale $\ell$. The "bi--skewness" $\dddRS$ is positive. For smearing lengths $R\ll S$ this shows that in our model (in contrast to Gaussian models) voids are more quiet than high--density regions.
2109.02424
Shanika Galaudage
Shanika Galaudage and Colm Talbot and Tushar Nagar and Deepnika Jain and Eric Thrane and Ilya Mandel
Building better spin models for merging binary black holes: Evidence for non-spinning and rapidly spinning nearly aligned sub-populations
13 pages, 6 figures
null
10.3847/2041-8213/ac2f3c
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent work paints a conflicting portrait of the distribution of black hole spins in merging binaries measured with gravitational waves. Some analyses find that a significant fraction of merging binaries contain at least one black hole with a spin tilt $>90^\circ$ with respect to the orbital angular momentum vector, which has been interpreted as a signature for dynamical assembly. Other analyses find the data are consistent with a bimodal population in which some binaries contain black holes with negligible spin while the rest contain black holes with spin vectors preferentially aligned with the orbital angular momentum vector. In this work, we scrutinize models for the distribution of black hole spins to pinpoint possible failure modes in which the model yields a faulty conclusion. We reanalyze data from the second LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-2) using a revised spin model, which allows for a sub-population of black holes with negligible spins. In agreement with recent results by Roulet et al., we show that the GWTC-2 detections are consistent with two distinct sub-populations. We estimate that $29-75\%$ (90\% credible interval) of merging binaries contain black holes with negligible spin $\chi \approx 0$. The remaining binaries are part of a second sub-population in which the spin vectors are preferentially (but not exactly) aligned to the orbital angular momentum. The black holes in this second sub-population are characterized by spins of $\chi\sim0.45$. We suggest that the inferred spin distribution is consistent with the hypothesis that all merging binaries form via the field formation scenario.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Sep 2021 02:42:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Sep 2021 10:12:54 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 23 Apr 2022 13:26:46 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-04-26
[ [ "Galaudage", "Shanika", "" ], [ "Talbot", "Colm", "" ], [ "Nagar", "Tushar", "" ], [ "Jain", "Deepnika", "" ], [ "Thrane", "Eric", "" ], [ "Mandel", "Ilya", "" ] ]
Recent work paints a conflicting portrait of the distribution of black hole spins in merging binaries measured with gravitational waves. Some analyses find that a significant fraction of merging binaries contain at least one black hole with a spin tilt $>90^\circ$ with respect to the orbital angular momentum vector, which has been interpreted as a signature for dynamical assembly. Other analyses find the data are consistent with a bimodal population in which some binaries contain black holes with negligible spin while the rest contain black holes with spin vectors preferentially aligned with the orbital angular momentum vector. In this work, we scrutinize models for the distribution of black hole spins to pinpoint possible failure modes in which the model yields a faulty conclusion. We reanalyze data from the second LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-2) using a revised spin model, which allows for a sub-population of black holes with negligible spins. In agreement with recent results by Roulet et al., we show that the GWTC-2 detections are consistent with two distinct sub-populations. We estimate that $29-75\%$ (90\% credible interval) of merging binaries contain black holes with negligible spin $\chi \approx 0$. The remaining binaries are part of a second sub-population in which the spin vectors are preferentially (but not exactly) aligned to the orbital angular momentum. The black holes in this second sub-population are characterized by spins of $\chi\sim0.45$. We suggest that the inferred spin distribution is consistent with the hypothesis that all merging binaries form via the field formation scenario.
1803.02339
Eric Ling
Piotr T. Chru\'sciel, Gregory J. Galloway, Eric Ling
Weakly trapped surfaces in asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes
9 pages, 4 figures; v2: figure corrected, references added. Version to appear in CQG
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aac30d
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is a standard fact that trapped or marginally trapped surfaces are not visible from conformal infinity, under the usual set of conditions on matter fields and the conformal completion, provided that the cosmological constant is non-positive. In this note we show that the situation is more delicate in the presence of a positive cosmological constant: we present examples of visible marginally trapped surfaces, and we provide a set of natural conditions which guarantee non-visibility.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Mar 2018 18:55:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 May 2018 17:32:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-10
[ [ "Chruściel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Galloway", "Gregory J.", "" ], [ "Ling", "Eric", "" ] ]
It is a standard fact that trapped or marginally trapped surfaces are not visible from conformal infinity, under the usual set of conditions on matter fields and the conformal completion, provided that the cosmological constant is non-positive. In this note we show that the situation is more delicate in the presence of a positive cosmological constant: we present examples of visible marginally trapped surfaces, and we provide a set of natural conditions which guarantee non-visibility.
1707.02873
Parbati Sahoo
Parbati Sahoo, Raghavender Reddy
LRS Bianchi type-I bulk viscous cosmological models in $f(R,T)$ gravity
7 pages, 3 figure, This work accepted for publication in Astrophysics journal with issue 1 for 2018
Astrophysics, 61 ,1 , 2018, pp. 153-162
10.1007/s10511-018-9522-0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We have studied the locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I cosmological model in $f(R,T)$ gravity ($R$ is the Ricci scalar and $T$ is the trace of the stress energy tensor) with Bulk viscous fluid as matter content. The model is constructed for the linear form $f(R,T)=R+2f(T)$. The exact solution of field equations is obtained by using a time varying deceleration parameter $q$ for a suitable choice of the function $f(T)$. In this work, the bulk viscous pressure $\bar{p}$ is found to be negative and energy density $\rho$ is found to be positive. The obtained model is anisotropic, accelerating and compatible with the results of astronomical observations. Also, some important features of physical parameters of this model have been discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Jul 2017 11:42:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Nov 2017 12:03:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-03-29
[ [ "Sahoo", "Parbati", "" ], [ "Reddy", "Raghavender", "" ] ]
We have studied the locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I cosmological model in $f(R,T)$ gravity ($R$ is the Ricci scalar and $T$ is the trace of the stress energy tensor) with Bulk viscous fluid as matter content. The model is constructed for the linear form $f(R,T)=R+2f(T)$. The exact solution of field equations is obtained by using a time varying deceleration parameter $q$ for a suitable choice of the function $f(T)$. In this work, the bulk viscous pressure $\bar{p}$ is found to be negative and energy density $\rho$ is found to be positive. The obtained model is anisotropic, accelerating and compatible with the results of astronomical observations. Also, some important features of physical parameters of this model have been discussed.
gr-qc/0308049
Ralf Schutzhold
R. Sch\"utzhold and W. G. Unruh
Large-scale non-locality in "doubly special relativity" with an energy-dependent speed of light
5 pages RevTeX, several modifications
JETP Lett. 78 (2003) 431-435; Pisma Zh.Eksp.Teor.Fiz. 78 (2003) 899-903
10.1134/1.1633311
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
There are two major alternatives for violating the (usual) Lorentz invariance at large (Planckian) energies or momenta - either not all inertial frames (in the Planck regime) are equivalent (e.g., there is an effectively preferred frame) or the transformations from one frame to another are (non-linearly) deformed (``doubly special relativity''). We demonstrate that the natural (and reasonable) assumption of an energy-dependent speed of light in the latter method goes along with violations of locality/separability (and even translational invariance) on macroscopic scales. PACS: 03.30.+p, 11.30.Cp, 04.60.-m, 04.50.+h.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Aug 2003 22:22:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Aug 2003 20:55:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Schützhold", "R.", "" ], [ "Unruh", "W. G.", "" ] ]
There are two major alternatives for violating the (usual) Lorentz invariance at large (Planckian) energies or momenta - either not all inertial frames (in the Planck regime) are equivalent (e.g., there is an effectively preferred frame) or the transformations from one frame to another are (non-linearly) deformed (``doubly special relativity''). We demonstrate that the natural (and reasonable) assumption of an energy-dependent speed of light in the latter method goes along with violations of locality/separability (and even translational invariance) on macroscopic scales. PACS: 03.30.+p, 11.30.Cp, 04.60.-m, 04.50.+h.
2402.12342
Gustav Uhre Jakobsen
Alessandra Buonanno, Gustav Uhre Jakobsen, Gustav Mogull
Post-Minkowskian Theory Meets the Spinning Effective-One-Body Approach for Two-Body Scattering
25 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables, 1 ancillary file
null
null
HU-EP-24/07-RTG
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Effective-one-body (EOB) waveforms employed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration have primarily been developed by resumming the post-Newtonian expansion of the relativistic two-body problem. Given the recent significant advancements in post-Minkowskian (PM) theory and gravitational self-force formalism, there is considerable interest in creating waveform models that integrate information from various perturbative methods in innovative ways. This becomes particularly crucial when tackling the accuracy challenge posed by upcoming ground-based detectors (such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer) and space-based detectors (such as LISA, TianQin or Taiji) expected to operate in the next decade. In this context, we present the derivation of the first spinning EOB Hamiltonian that incorporates PM results up to three-loop order: the SEOB-PM model. The model accounts for the complete hyperbolic motion, encompassing nonlocal-in-time tails. To evaluate its accuracy, we compare its predictions for the conservative scattering angle, augmented with dissipative contributions, against numerical-relativity data of non-spinning and spinning equal-mass black holes. We observe very good agreement, comparable, and in some cases slightly better to the recently proposed $w_{\rm EOB}$-potential model, of which the SEOB-PM model is a resummation around the probe limit. Indeed, in the probe limit, the SEOB-PM Hamiltonian and scattering angles reduce to the one of a test mass in Kerr spacetime. Once complemented with nonlocal-in-time contributions for bound orbits, the SEOB-PM Hamiltonian can be utilized to generate waveform models for spinning black holes on quasi-circular orbits.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Feb 2024 18:15:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-20
[ [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ], [ "Jakobsen", "Gustav Uhre", "" ], [ "Mogull", "Gustav", "" ] ]
Effective-one-body (EOB) waveforms employed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration have primarily been developed by resumming the post-Newtonian expansion of the relativistic two-body problem. Given the recent significant advancements in post-Minkowskian (PM) theory and gravitational self-force formalism, there is considerable interest in creating waveform models that integrate information from various perturbative methods in innovative ways. This becomes particularly crucial when tackling the accuracy challenge posed by upcoming ground-based detectors (such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer) and space-based detectors (such as LISA, TianQin or Taiji) expected to operate in the next decade. In this context, we present the derivation of the first spinning EOB Hamiltonian that incorporates PM results up to three-loop order: the SEOB-PM model. The model accounts for the complete hyperbolic motion, encompassing nonlocal-in-time tails. To evaluate its accuracy, we compare its predictions for the conservative scattering angle, augmented with dissipative contributions, against numerical-relativity data of non-spinning and spinning equal-mass black holes. We observe very good agreement, comparable, and in some cases slightly better to the recently proposed $w_{\rm EOB}$-potential model, of which the SEOB-PM model is a resummation around the probe limit. Indeed, in the probe limit, the SEOB-PM Hamiltonian and scattering angles reduce to the one of a test mass in Kerr spacetime. Once complemented with nonlocal-in-time contributions for bound orbits, the SEOB-PM Hamiltonian can be utilized to generate waveform models for spinning black holes on quasi-circular orbits.
2211.05097
Alisha Marriott-Best
Alisha Marriott-Best
Quantum Cosmology of the Nothing
Submitted as dissertation for MSc
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Quantum cosmology uses a wave function to model the universe, but finding solutions for this poses a problem as it is difficult to define the boundary conditions or identify the correct path for a path integral. We begin the discussion by going over various proposals and look at how bubble universe nucleation can be used as an analogy for the tunneling wave function. We review how the Hartle-Hawking wave function and tunneling wave functions are equivalent. This leads into how the transition between the decelerated and accelerated expansion is formulated as a bounce in connection space. This is done in a toy model Universe that contains only radiation and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The wave function is a superposition on an incident wave, a reflected wave, and an evanescent wave; when it is constructed from wave packets. Using the toy model, we introduce the new concept of the universe tunneling to a different classical region during this bounce in connection space. This concept is explored by deriving the wave function of the evanescent wave $\psi_{ev}$ in order to calculate $|\psi|^2$ to give an indication of the probability of the universe tunneling to another classical region.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Nov 2022 11:45:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-11-10
[ [ "Marriott-Best", "Alisha", "" ] ]
Quantum cosmology uses a wave function to model the universe, but finding solutions for this poses a problem as it is difficult to define the boundary conditions or identify the correct path for a path integral. We begin the discussion by going over various proposals and look at how bubble universe nucleation can be used as an analogy for the tunneling wave function. We review how the Hartle-Hawking wave function and tunneling wave functions are equivalent. This leads into how the transition between the decelerated and accelerated expansion is formulated as a bounce in connection space. This is done in a toy model Universe that contains only radiation and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The wave function is a superposition on an incident wave, a reflected wave, and an evanescent wave; when it is constructed from wave packets. Using the toy model, we introduce the new concept of the universe tunneling to a different classical region during this bounce in connection space. This concept is explored by deriving the wave function of the evanescent wave $\psi_{ev}$ in order to calculate $|\psi|^2$ to give an indication of the probability of the universe tunneling to another classical region.
2106.05479
Jonathan Luk
Jonathan Luk and Maxime Van de Moortel
Nonlinear interaction of three impulsive gravitational waves II: the wave estimates
Part II to arXiv:2101.08353; 95 pages, 2 figures; version accepted for publication
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.DG math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This is the second and last paper of a series aimed at solving the local Cauchy problem for polarized $\mathbb U(1)$ symmetric solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations featuring the nonlinear interaction of three small amplitude impulsive gravitational waves. Such solutions are characterized by their three singular "wave-fronts" across which the curvature tensor is allowed to admit a delta singularity. Under polarized $\mathbb U(1)$ symmetry, the Einstein vacuum equations reduce to the Einstein-scalar field system in $(2+1)$ dimensions. In this paper, we focus on the wave estimates for the scalar field in the reduced system. The scalar field terms are the most singular ones in the problem, with the scalar field only being Lipschitz initially. We use geometric commutators to prove energy estimates which reflect that the singularities are localized, and that the scalar field obeys additional fractional-derivative regularity, as well as regularity along appropriately defined "good directions". The main challenge is to carry out all these estimates using only the low-regularity properties of the metric. Finally, we prove an anisotropic Sobolev embedding lemma, which when combined with our energy estimates shows that the scalar field is everywhere Lipschitz, and that it obeys additional $C^{1,\theta}$ estimates away from the most singular region.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Jun 2021 03:34:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 27 Mar 2023 04:01:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-28
[ [ "Luk", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Van de Moortel", "Maxime", "" ] ]
This is the second and last paper of a series aimed at solving the local Cauchy problem for polarized $\mathbb U(1)$ symmetric solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations featuring the nonlinear interaction of three small amplitude impulsive gravitational waves. Such solutions are characterized by their three singular "wave-fronts" across which the curvature tensor is allowed to admit a delta singularity. Under polarized $\mathbb U(1)$ symmetry, the Einstein vacuum equations reduce to the Einstein-scalar field system in $(2+1)$ dimensions. In this paper, we focus on the wave estimates for the scalar field in the reduced system. The scalar field terms are the most singular ones in the problem, with the scalar field only being Lipschitz initially. We use geometric commutators to prove energy estimates which reflect that the singularities are localized, and that the scalar field obeys additional fractional-derivative regularity, as well as regularity along appropriately defined "good directions". The main challenge is to carry out all these estimates using only the low-regularity properties of the metric. Finally, we prove an anisotropic Sobolev embedding lemma, which when combined with our energy estimates shows that the scalar field is everywhere Lipschitz, and that it obeys additional $C^{1,\theta}$ estimates away from the most singular region.
0808.1039
Vladimir Khatsymovsky
V.M. Khatsymovsky
Gravity action on discontinuous metrics
6 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider minisuperspace gravity system described by piecewise flat metric discontinuous on three-dimensional faces (tetrahedra). There are infinite terms in the Einstein action. However, starting from proper regularization, these terms in the exponential of path integral result in pre-exponent factor with $\delta$-functions requiring vanishing metric discontinuities. Thereby path integral measure in Regge calculus is related to path integral measure in Regge calculus where length of an edge is not constrained to be the same for all the 4-tetrahedra containing this edge, i.e. in Regge calculus with independent 4-tetrahedra. The result obtained is in accordance with our previous one obtained from symmetry considerations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Aug 2008 14:39:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-10-09
[ [ "Khatsymovsky", "V. M.", "" ] ]
We consider minisuperspace gravity system described by piecewise flat metric discontinuous on three-dimensional faces (tetrahedra). There are infinite terms in the Einstein action. However, starting from proper regularization, these terms in the exponential of path integral result in pre-exponent factor with $\delta$-functions requiring vanishing metric discontinuities. Thereby path integral measure in Regge calculus is related to path integral measure in Regge calculus where length of an edge is not constrained to be the same for all the 4-tetrahedra containing this edge, i.e. in Regge calculus with independent 4-tetrahedra. The result obtained is in accordance with our previous one obtained from symmetry considerations.
2109.10022
Satish Kumar Saravanan
Satish Kumar Saravanan
Spin-induced motion in black hole spacetime
27 pages, 9 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Based on the covariant hamiltonian formalism, we study the dynamics of spinning test bodies in the Kerr and Schwarzschild spacetimes. For the first time, we derive the exact solution of circular orbits in the Kerr plane without truncating the spin of the particle or black hole. A large class of noncircular bound orbits has been developed by using the world line perturbation theory. It is found that the spinning body possesses a double frequency, and thus, in addition to the angular shift, the periastron varies radially proportional to the alignment and magnitude of spins. By using the method of stability analysis, we predict the radius of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) as a function of particle and black hole spin. Furthermore, extending the perturbative technique for generic orientation of spin in Schwarzschild spacetime leads to the development of nonplanar bound orbits and the prediction of fully relativistic precessional frequency of the orbital plane.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Sep 2021 08:25:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-09-22
[ [ "Saravanan", "Satish Kumar", "" ] ]
Based on the covariant hamiltonian formalism, we study the dynamics of spinning test bodies in the Kerr and Schwarzschild spacetimes. For the first time, we derive the exact solution of circular orbits in the Kerr plane without truncating the spin of the particle or black hole. A large class of noncircular bound orbits has been developed by using the world line perturbation theory. It is found that the spinning body possesses a double frequency, and thus, in addition to the angular shift, the periastron varies radially proportional to the alignment and magnitude of spins. By using the method of stability analysis, we predict the radius of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) as a function of particle and black hole spin. Furthermore, extending the perturbative technique for generic orientation of spin in Schwarzschild spacetime leads to the development of nonplanar bound orbits and the prediction of fully relativistic precessional frequency of the orbital plane.
2109.13293
Damianos Iosifidis
Damianos Iosifidis
Quadratic Metric-Affine Gravity: Solving for the Affine-Connection
14 pages, no figures
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10499-3
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider the most general 11 parameter parity even quadratic Metric-Affine Theory whose action consists of the usual Einstein-Hilbert plus the 11 quadratic terms in torsion, non-metricity as well as their mixing. By following a certain procedure and using a simple trick we are able to find the unique solution of the affine connection in terms of an arbitrary hypermomentum. Given a fairly general non-degeneracy condition our result provides the exact form of the affine connection for all types of matter. Subsequently we compute the forms of torsion and non-metricity in terms of their sources (hypermomentum tensor) and also express the metric field equations in effectively Einstein's GR with modified source terms that depend on the hypermomentum and its derivatives. We show that in the absence of matter the Theory always reduces to GR. Finally we generalize our result and find the form of the connection for a wider class of quadratic Theories.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Sep 2021 18:29:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-07-13
[ [ "Iosifidis", "Damianos", "" ] ]
We consider the most general 11 parameter parity even quadratic Metric-Affine Theory whose action consists of the usual Einstein-Hilbert plus the 11 quadratic terms in torsion, non-metricity as well as their mixing. By following a certain procedure and using a simple trick we are able to find the unique solution of the affine connection in terms of an arbitrary hypermomentum. Given a fairly general non-degeneracy condition our result provides the exact form of the affine connection for all types of matter. Subsequently we compute the forms of torsion and non-metricity in terms of their sources (hypermomentum tensor) and also express the metric field equations in effectively Einstein's GR with modified source terms that depend on the hypermomentum and its derivatives. We show that in the absence of matter the Theory always reduces to GR. Finally we generalize our result and find the form of the connection for a wider class of quadratic Theories.
gr-qc/9702022
Robert Manuel Wald
Robert M. Wald
Black Holes and Thermodynamics
26 pages, plain LaTeX; to appear in the proceedings of the Symposium on Black Holes and Relativistic Stars (in honor of S. Chandrasekhar), December 14-15, 1996
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We review the remarkable relationship between the laws of black hole mechanics and the ordinary laws of thermodynamics. It is emphasized that - in analogy with the laws of thermodynamics - the validity the laws of black hole mechanics does not appear to depend upon the details of the underlying dynamical theory (i.e., upon the particular field equations of general relativity). It also is emphasized that a number of unresolved issues arise in ``ordinary thermodynamics'' in the context of general relativity. Thus, a deeper understanding of the relationship between black holes and thermodynamics may provide us with an opportunity not only to gain a better understanding of the nature of black holes in quantum gravity, but also to better understand some aspects of the fundamental nature of thermodynamics itself.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Feb 1997 23:02:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Wald", "Robert M.", "" ] ]
We review the remarkable relationship between the laws of black hole mechanics and the ordinary laws of thermodynamics. It is emphasized that - in analogy with the laws of thermodynamics - the validity the laws of black hole mechanics does not appear to depend upon the details of the underlying dynamical theory (i.e., upon the particular field equations of general relativity). It also is emphasized that a number of unresolved issues arise in ``ordinary thermodynamics'' in the context of general relativity. Thus, a deeper understanding of the relationship between black holes and thermodynamics may provide us with an opportunity not only to gain a better understanding of the nature of black holes in quantum gravity, but also to better understand some aspects of the fundamental nature of thermodynamics itself.
gr-qc/0305036
Karim . A. Malik
Karim A. Malik, Maria Rodriguez-Martinez, and David Langlois
Defining perturbations on submanifolds
9 pages, 2 figures, Revtex4
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 123517
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.123517
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We study the definition of perturbations in the presence of a submanifold, like e.g. a brane. In the standard theory of cosmological perturbations, one compares quantities at the same coordinate points in the non-perturbed and the perturbed manifolds, identified via a (non-unique) mapping between the two manifolds. In the presence of a physical submanifold one needs to modify this definition in order to evaluate perturbations of quantities at the submanifold location. As an application, we compute the perturbed metric and the extrinsic curvature tensors at the brane position in a general gauge.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 May 2003 16:46:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Malik", "Karim A.", "" ], [ "Rodriguez-Martinez", "Maria", "" ], [ "Langlois", "David", "" ] ]
We study the definition of perturbations in the presence of a submanifold, like e.g. a brane. In the standard theory of cosmological perturbations, one compares quantities at the same coordinate points in the non-perturbed and the perturbed manifolds, identified via a (non-unique) mapping between the two manifolds. In the presence of a physical submanifold one needs to modify this definition in order to evaluate perturbations of quantities at the submanifold location. As an application, we compute the perturbed metric and the extrinsic curvature tensors at the brane position in a general gauge.
2012.14084
Shyam Das
Shyam Das, Bikash Chandra Paul, Ranjan Sharma
Gravitational collapse of anisotropic stars
15 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in INJP
null
10.1007/s12648-020-01931-z
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric anisotropic relativistic star within Einstein theory of gravity making use of one of our recently developed collapsing stellar models [{\it Astrophys. Space Sci.} {\bf361} 99 (2016)]. The final state of continual gravitational collapse of a massive star under regular initial conditions is analyzed in terms of the formation of black holes. To study the evolution of an anisotropic star undergoing gravitational collapse, it is assumed that the dissipation process happens in the form of radial heat-flux. The interior space-time is described by static metric matched at the boundary with Vaidya metric that describes the exterior to the radiating star. The initial static configuration is described by the relativistic solution obtained by Paul and Deb [{\it Astrophys. Space Sci.} {\bf354} 421 (2014)]. The impact of anisotropy on the dynamical gravitational collapse of a massive star is studied. The relativistic causal heat transport equation of the Maxwell-Cattaneo equation is utilized to show the dependence of anisotropy on the temperature profile of the collapsing system.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Dec 2020 03:53:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-05
[ [ "Das", "Shyam", "" ], [ "Paul", "Bikash Chandra", "" ], [ "Sharma", "Ranjan", "" ] ]
We study the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric anisotropic relativistic star within Einstein theory of gravity making use of one of our recently developed collapsing stellar models [{\it Astrophys. Space Sci.} {\bf361} 99 (2016)]. The final state of continual gravitational collapse of a massive star under regular initial conditions is analyzed in terms of the formation of black holes. To study the evolution of an anisotropic star undergoing gravitational collapse, it is assumed that the dissipation process happens in the form of radial heat-flux. The interior space-time is described by static metric matched at the boundary with Vaidya metric that describes the exterior to the radiating star. The initial static configuration is described by the relativistic solution obtained by Paul and Deb [{\it Astrophys. Space Sci.} {\bf354} 421 (2014)]. The impact of anisotropy on the dynamical gravitational collapse of a massive star is studied. The relativistic causal heat transport equation of the Maxwell-Cattaneo equation is utilized to show the dependence of anisotropy on the temperature profile of the collapsing system.
2304.11616
Gopi Kant Goswami Dr
Anirudh Pradhan, Gopikant Goswami, Aroonkumar Beesham
Reconstruction of an Observationally Constrained $f(R, T)$ gravity model
25 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
International Journal of Geometric Mathods in Modern Physics 2023
10.1142/S0219887823501694
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, an attempt is made to construct a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker model in $f(R,T)$ gravity with a perfect fluid that yields acceleration at late times. We take $f(R,T)$ as $R$ + $8\pi \mu T$. As in the $\Lambda$CDM model, we take the matter to consist of two components, viz., $\Omega_m$ and $\Omega_{\mu}$ such that $\Omega_m$ + $\Omega_{\mu}$=1. The parameter $\Omega_m$ is the matter density (baryons + dark matter), and $\Omega_{\mu}$ is the density associated with the Ricci scalar $R$ and the trace $T$ of the energy momentum tensor, which we shall call dominant matter. We find that at present $\Omega_{\mu}$ is dominant over $\Omega_m$, and that the two are in the ratio 3:1 to 3:2 according to the three data sets: (i) 77 Hubble OHD data set (ii) 580 SNIa supernova distance modulus data set and (iii) 66 pantheon SNIa data which include high red shift data in the range $0\leq z\leq 2.36$. We have also calculated the pressures and densities associated with the two matter densities, viz., $p_{\mu}$, $\rho_{\mu}$, $p_m$ and $\rho_m$, respectively. It is also found that at present, $\rho_{\mu}$ is greater than $\rho_m$. The negative dominant matter pressure $p_{\mu}$ creates acceleration in the universe. Our deceleration and snap parameters show a change from negative to positive, whereas the jerk parameter is always positive. This means that the universe is at present accelerating and in the past it was decelerating. State finder diagnostics indicate that our model is at present a dark energy quintessence model. The various other physical and geometric properties of the model are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 23 Apr 2023 11:13:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-25
[ [ "Pradhan", "Anirudh", "" ], [ "Goswami", "Gopikant", "" ], [ "Beesham", "Aroonkumar", "" ] ]
In this paper, an attempt is made to construct a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker model in $f(R,T)$ gravity with a perfect fluid that yields acceleration at late times. We take $f(R,T)$ as $R$ + $8\pi \mu T$. As in the $\Lambda$CDM model, we take the matter to consist of two components, viz., $\Omega_m$ and $\Omega_{\mu}$ such that $\Omega_m$ + $\Omega_{\mu}$=1. The parameter $\Omega_m$ is the matter density (baryons + dark matter), and $\Omega_{\mu}$ is the density associated with the Ricci scalar $R$ and the trace $T$ of the energy momentum tensor, which we shall call dominant matter. We find that at present $\Omega_{\mu}$ is dominant over $\Omega_m$, and that the two are in the ratio 3:1 to 3:2 according to the three data sets: (i) 77 Hubble OHD data set (ii) 580 SNIa supernova distance modulus data set and (iii) 66 pantheon SNIa data which include high red shift data in the range $0\leq z\leq 2.36$. We have also calculated the pressures and densities associated with the two matter densities, viz., $p_{\mu}$, $\rho_{\mu}$, $p_m$ and $\rho_m$, respectively. It is also found that at present, $\rho_{\mu}$ is greater than $\rho_m$. The negative dominant matter pressure $p_{\mu}$ creates acceleration in the universe. Our deceleration and snap parameters show a change from negative to positive, whereas the jerk parameter is always positive. This means that the universe is at present accelerating and in the past it was decelerating. State finder diagnostics indicate that our model is at present a dark energy quintessence model. The various other physical and geometric properties of the model are also discussed.
gr-qc/0001020
Sergiu Vacaru
Sergiu I. Vacaru
Locally Anisotropic Black Holes in Einstein Gravity
latex209, version 4, misprints corrected
Chapter 4 in: "Clifford and Riemann Finsler Structures in Geometric Mechanics and Gravity, Selected Works by S. Vacaru, P. Stavrinos, E. Gaburov and D. Gonta (Geometry Balkan Press, 2006) http://www.mathem.pub.ro/dgds/mono/va-t.pdf
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
By applying the method of moving frames modelling one and two dimensional local anisotropies we construct new solutions of Einstein equations on pseudo-Riemannian spacetimes. The first class of solutions describes non-trivial deformations of static spherically symmetric black holes to locally anisotropic ones which have elliptic (in three dimensions) and ellipsoidal, toroidal and elliptic and another forms of cylinder symmetries (in four dimensions). The second class consists from black holes with oscillating elliptic horizons.
[ { "created": "Sat, 8 Jan 2000 11:12:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Jan 2000 13:07:01 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 May 2000 11:55:37 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Vacaru", "Sergiu I.", "" ] ]
By applying the method of moving frames modelling one and two dimensional local anisotropies we construct new solutions of Einstein equations on pseudo-Riemannian spacetimes. The first class of solutions describes non-trivial deformations of static spherically symmetric black holes to locally anisotropic ones which have elliptic (in three dimensions) and ellipsoidal, toroidal and elliptic and another forms of cylinder symmetries (in four dimensions). The second class consists from black holes with oscillating elliptic horizons.
2309.05695
Johanna N. Borissova
Johanna Borissova
Suppression of spacetime singularities in quantum gravity
v1: 10 pages, 3 figures; v2: 12 pages, clarifications & discussions added, matches version accepted for publication in CQG
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ad46c0
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the requirement of suppressing spacetime geometries with a curvature singularity via destructive interference in the Lorentzian gravitational path integral as a constraint on the microscopic action for gravity. Based on simple examples of static spherically symmetric spacetimes, we demonstrate that complete singularity suppression in the path integral stipulates that the action for gravity be of infinite order in the curvature.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Sep 2023 18:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 4 May 2024 23:02:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-07
[ [ "Borissova", "Johanna", "" ] ]
We investigate the requirement of suppressing spacetime geometries with a curvature singularity via destructive interference in the Lorentzian gravitational path integral as a constraint on the microscopic action for gravity. Based on simple examples of static spherically symmetric spacetimes, we demonstrate that complete singularity suppression in the path integral stipulates that the action for gravity be of infinite order in the curvature.
2405.18508
Rishabh Kumar Singh
Shailesh Kumar, Rishabh Kumar Singh, Abhishek Chowdhuri, Arpan Bhattacharyya
Exploring waveforms with non-GR deviations for extreme mass-ratio inspirals
26 pages, 3 Figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The fundamental process of detecting and examining the polarization modes of gravitational waves plays a pivotal role in enhancing our grasp on the precise mechanisms behind their generation. A thorough investigation is essential for delving deeper into the essence of gravitational waves and rigorously evaluating and validating the range of modified gravity theories. In this line of interest, a general description of black holes in theories beyond general relativity can serve a meaningful purpose where distinct deviation parameters can be mapped to solutions representing distinct theories. Employing a refined version of the deformed Kerr geometry, which is free from pathological behaviours such as unphysical divergences in the metric, we explore an extreme mass-ratio inspiral system, wherein a stellar-mass object perturbs a supermassive black hole. We compute the effects of deformation parameters on gravitational wave fluxes, orbital evolution and phase dynamics with leading order post-Newtonian corrections. With the waveform analysis, we assess the plausibility of detecting deviations from general relativity through observations facilitated by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), simultaneously constraining the extent of these deviations. Therefore, this analysis provides an understanding while highlighting the essential role of observations in advancing gravitational phenomena beyond general relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 May 2024 18:24:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-30
[ [ "Kumar", "Shailesh", "" ], [ "Singh", "Rishabh Kumar", "" ], [ "Chowdhuri", "Abhishek", "" ], [ "Bhattacharyya", "Arpan", "" ] ]
The fundamental process of detecting and examining the polarization modes of gravitational waves plays a pivotal role in enhancing our grasp on the precise mechanisms behind their generation. A thorough investigation is essential for delving deeper into the essence of gravitational waves and rigorously evaluating and validating the range of modified gravity theories. In this line of interest, a general description of black holes in theories beyond general relativity can serve a meaningful purpose where distinct deviation parameters can be mapped to solutions representing distinct theories. Employing a refined version of the deformed Kerr geometry, which is free from pathological behaviours such as unphysical divergences in the metric, we explore an extreme mass-ratio inspiral system, wherein a stellar-mass object perturbs a supermassive black hole. We compute the effects of deformation parameters on gravitational wave fluxes, orbital evolution and phase dynamics with leading order post-Newtonian corrections. With the waveform analysis, we assess the plausibility of detecting deviations from general relativity through observations facilitated by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), simultaneously constraining the extent of these deviations. Therefore, this analysis provides an understanding while highlighting the essential role of observations in advancing gravitational phenomena beyond general relativity.
1802.09123
Ismael Delgado Gaspar PhD
Ismael Delgado Gaspar, Juan Carlos Hidalgo, Roberto A. Sussman, Israel Quiros
Black hole formation from the gravitational collapse of a non-spherical network of structures
Matches published version. 11 pages, 5 figures. Minor but important corrections were incorporated
Phys. Rev. D 97, 104029 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.104029
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine the gravitational collapse and black hole formation of multiple non--spherical configurations constructed from Szekeres dust models with positive spatial curvature that smoothly match to a Schwarzschild exterior. These configurations are made of an almost spherical central core region surrounded by a network of "pancake-like" overdensities and voids with spatial positions prescribed through standard initial conditions. We show that a full collapse into a focusing singularity, without shell crossings appearing before the formation of an apparent horizon, is not possible unless the full configuration becomes exactly or almost spherical. Seeking for black hole formation, we demand that shell crossings are covered by the apparent horizon. This requires very special fine-tuned initial conditions that impose very strong and unrealistic constraints on the total black hole mass and full collapse time. As a consequence, non-spherical non-rotating dust sources cannot furnish even minimally realistic toy models of black hole formation at astrophysical scales: demanding realistic collapse time scales yields huge unrealistic black hole masses, while simulations of typical astrophysical black hole masses collapse in unrealistically small times. We note, however, that the resulting time--mass constraint is compatible with early Universe models of primordial black hole formation, suitable in early dust-like environments. Finally, we argue that the shell crossings appearing when non-spherical dust structures collapse are an indicator that such structures do not form galactic mass black holes but virialise into stable stationary objects.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Feb 2018 01:37:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 21 May 2018 16:38:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-22
[ [ "Gaspar", "Ismael Delgado", "" ], [ "Hidalgo", "Juan Carlos", "" ], [ "Sussman", "Roberto A.", "" ], [ "Quiros", "Israel", "" ] ]
We examine the gravitational collapse and black hole formation of multiple non--spherical configurations constructed from Szekeres dust models with positive spatial curvature that smoothly match to a Schwarzschild exterior. These configurations are made of an almost spherical central core region surrounded by a network of "pancake-like" overdensities and voids with spatial positions prescribed through standard initial conditions. We show that a full collapse into a focusing singularity, without shell crossings appearing before the formation of an apparent horizon, is not possible unless the full configuration becomes exactly or almost spherical. Seeking for black hole formation, we demand that shell crossings are covered by the apparent horizon. This requires very special fine-tuned initial conditions that impose very strong and unrealistic constraints on the total black hole mass and full collapse time. As a consequence, non-spherical non-rotating dust sources cannot furnish even minimally realistic toy models of black hole formation at astrophysical scales: demanding realistic collapse time scales yields huge unrealistic black hole masses, while simulations of typical astrophysical black hole masses collapse in unrealistically small times. We note, however, that the resulting time--mass constraint is compatible with early Universe models of primordial black hole formation, suitable in early dust-like environments. Finally, we argue that the shell crossings appearing when non-spherical dust structures collapse are an indicator that such structures do not form galactic mass black holes but virialise into stable stationary objects.
1405.0540
Sergio Ulhoa
S. C. Ulhoa and R. G. G. Amorim
On Teleparallel Quantum Gravity in Schwarzschild Space-Time
Accepted in Advances in High Energy Physics
Advances in High Energy Physics, Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 812691, 6 pages
10.1155/2014/812691
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this article we present the quantization process for Schwarzschild space-time in the context of Teleparallel gravity. In order to achieve such a goal we use the Weyl formalism that establishes a well defined correspondence between classical quantities which are realized by functions and quantum ones which are realized by operators. In the process of quantization we introduce a fundamental constant that is used to construct what we call the quantum of matter by the imposition of periodic conditions over the eigenfunction.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 May 2014 23:34:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-07-18
[ [ "Ulhoa", "S. C.", "" ], [ "Amorim", "R. G. G.", "" ] ]
In this article we present the quantization process for Schwarzschild space-time in the context of Teleparallel gravity. In order to achieve such a goal we use the Weyl formalism that establishes a well defined correspondence between classical quantities which are realized by functions and quantum ones which are realized by operators. In the process of quantization we introduce a fundamental constant that is used to construct what we call the quantum of matter by the imposition of periodic conditions over the eigenfunction.
gr-qc/0512085
Sigbjorn Hervik
A.A. Coley, S. Hervik, W.C. Lim
Tilt and phantom cosmology
9 pages, v2: more discussion, added references
Phys.Lett. B638 (2006) 310-313
10.1016/j.physletb.2006.05.048
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We show that in tilting perfect fluid cosmological models with an ultra-radiative equation of state, generically the tilt becomes extreme at late times and, as the tilt instability sets in, observers moving with the tilting fluid will experience singular behaviour in which infinite expansion is reached within a finite proper time, similar to that of phantom cosmology (but without the need for exotic forms of matter).
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Dec 2005 14:30:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Jul 2006 15:45:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Coley", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Hervik", "S.", "" ], [ "Lim", "W. C.", "" ] ]
We show that in tilting perfect fluid cosmological models with an ultra-radiative equation of state, generically the tilt becomes extreme at late times and, as the tilt instability sets in, observers moving with the tilting fluid will experience singular behaviour in which infinite expansion is reached within a finite proper time, similar to that of phantom cosmology (but without the need for exotic forms of matter).
gr-qc/0107084
F. Ya. Khalili
F.Ya.Khalili
Frequency-dependent rigidity in large-scale interferometric gravitational-wave detectors
11 pages, 6 figures, corrected typos
Phys.Lett. A288 (2001) 251-256
10.1016/S0375-9601(01)00550-3
null
gr-qc
null
Electromagnetic rigidity which exists in large-scale optical resonators if pumping frequency is detuned from the eigenfrequency of resonator have sophisticated spectral dependence which allows to obtain sensitivity better than the Standard Quantum Limits both for the free test mass and the harmonic oscillator.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Jul 2001 07:51:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Jul 2001 09:44:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Khalili", "F. Ya.", "" ] ]
Electromagnetic rigidity which exists in large-scale optical resonators if pumping frequency is detuned from the eigenfrequency of resonator have sophisticated spectral dependence which allows to obtain sensitivity better than the Standard Quantum Limits both for the free test mass and the harmonic oscillator.
gr-qc/0210110
Sabine Hossenfelder
Sabine Hossenfelder, Dominik J. Schwarz, Walter Greiner
Particle production in time-dependent gravitational fields: the expanding mass shell
19 pages, 8 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 20 (2003) 2337-2354
10.1088/0264-9381/20/11/325
null
gr-qc
null
We compute the production of particles from the gravitational field of an expanding mass shell. Contrary to the situation of Hawking radiation and the production of cosmological perturbations during cosmological inflation, the example of an expanding mass shell has no horizon and no singularity. We apply the method of `ray-tracing', first introduced by Hawking, and calculate the energy spectrum of the produced particles. The result depends on three parameters: the expansion velocity of the mass shell, its radius, and its mass. Contrary to the situation of a collapsing mass shell, the energy spectrum is non-thermal. Invoking time reversal we reproduce Hawking's thermal spectrum in a certain limit.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Oct 2002 19:40:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Hossenfelder", "Sabine", "" ], [ "Schwarz", "Dominik J.", "" ], [ "Greiner", "Walter", "" ] ]
We compute the production of particles from the gravitational field of an expanding mass shell. Contrary to the situation of Hawking radiation and the production of cosmological perturbations during cosmological inflation, the example of an expanding mass shell has no horizon and no singularity. We apply the method of `ray-tracing', first introduced by Hawking, and calculate the energy spectrum of the produced particles. The result depends on three parameters: the expansion velocity of the mass shell, its radius, and its mass. Contrary to the situation of a collapsing mass shell, the energy spectrum is non-thermal. Invoking time reversal we reproduce Hawking's thermal spectrum in a certain limit.
gr-qc/9509027
R. R. Caldwell
R. R. Caldwell
On the Evolution of Scalar Metric Perturbations in an Inflationary Cosmology
uuencoded, compressed postscript, 15 pages including 3 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 13 (1996) 2437-2448
10.1088/0264-9381/13/9/009
DAMTP-R95/45
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We further clarify how scalar metric perturbations are amplified in an inflationary cosmology. We first construct a simple, analytic model of an inflationary cosmology in which the expansion scale factor evolves continuously from an inflationary era to a radiation-dominated era. From this model, it is clear to see how scalar perturbations are amplified. Second, we examine the recent claims of Grishchuk, and the reply by Deruelle and Mukhanov, regarding the evolution of scalar perturbations through an abrupt transition in the equation of state of the cosmological fluid. We demonstrate that the ``standard results'' regarding the amplification of scalar, density perturbations from inflation are valid.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Sep 1995 12:14:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Caldwell", "R. R.", "" ] ]
We further clarify how scalar metric perturbations are amplified in an inflationary cosmology. We first construct a simple, analytic model of an inflationary cosmology in which the expansion scale factor evolves continuously from an inflationary era to a radiation-dominated era. From this model, it is clear to see how scalar perturbations are amplified. Second, we examine the recent claims of Grishchuk, and the reply by Deruelle and Mukhanov, regarding the evolution of scalar perturbations through an abrupt transition in the equation of state of the cosmological fluid. We demonstrate that the ``standard results'' regarding the amplification of scalar, density perturbations from inflation are valid.
gr-qc/0611054
Jose Edgar Madriz Aguilar
Jose Edgar Madriz Aguilar and Mauricio Bellini
Inflation from the bang of a white hole induced from a 6D vacuum state
9 pages, 1 figure Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Phys.Lett.B648:19-27,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.02.062
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
Using ideas of STM theory, but starting from a 6D vacuum state, we propose an inflationary model where the universe emerges from the blast of a white hole. Under this approach, the expansion is affected by a geometrical deformation induced by the gravitational attraction of the hole, which should be responsible for the k_{R}-non invariant spectrum of galaxies (and likewise of the matter density) today observed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Nov 2006 20:41:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 Jan 2007 14:18:07 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Feb 2007 15:14:29 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Aguilar", "Jose Edgar Madriz", "" ], [ "Bellini", "Mauricio", "" ] ]
Using ideas of STM theory, but starting from a 6D vacuum state, we propose an inflationary model where the universe emerges from the blast of a white hole. Under this approach, the expansion is affected by a geometrical deformation induced by the gravitational attraction of the hole, which should be responsible for the k_{R}-non invariant spectrum of galaxies (and likewise of the matter density) today observed.
gr-qc/9410041
Carlos O. Lousto
C.O.Lousto and N.S\'anchez
Scattering Processes at the Planck Scale
31 pages, TeX, report UAB-FT-353. To appear in the proceedings of the 2nd. Journee Cosmologie, Paris, 2nd-4th June 1994. "Second Paris Cosmology Colloquium", H.J. de Vega and N. S\'anchez Eds., pp 339-370, World Sci. Pub. Co., Singapore (1995)
"Second Paris Cosmology Colloquium", World Sci. (1995)
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
The ultrarelativistic limit of the Kerr - Newman geometry is studied in detail. We find the gravitational shock wave background associated with this limit. We study the scattering of scalar fields in the gravitational shock wave geometries and compare this with the scattering by ultrarelativistic extended sources and with the scattering of fundamental strings. We also study planckian energy string collisions in flat spacetime as the scattering of a string in the effective curved background produced by the others as the impact parameter $b$ decreases. We find the effective energy density distribution generated by these collisions. The effective metric generated by these collisions is a gravitational shock wave with profile $f(\rho)\sim p\rho^{4-D}$, for large impact parameter $b$. For intermediate $b$, $f(\rho)\sim q\rho^2$, corresponding to an extended source of momentum $q$. We finally study the emergence of string instabilities in $D$ - dimensional black hole spacetimes and De Sitter space. We solve the first order string fluctuations around the center of mass motion at spatial infinity, near the horizon and at the spacetime singularity. We find that the time components are always well behaved in the three regions and in the three backgrounds. The radial components are unstable: imaginary frequencies develop in the oscillatory modes near the horizon, and the evolution is like $(\tau-\tau_0)^ {-P}$, $(P>0)$, near the spacetime singularity, $r\to0$, where the world - sheet time $(\tau-\tau_0)\to0$, and the proper string length grows infinitely.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Oct 1994 16:45:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Lousto", "C. O.", "" ], [ "Sánchez", "N.", "" ] ]
The ultrarelativistic limit of the Kerr - Newman geometry is studied in detail. We find the gravitational shock wave background associated with this limit. We study the scattering of scalar fields in the gravitational shock wave geometries and compare this with the scattering by ultrarelativistic extended sources and with the scattering of fundamental strings. We also study planckian energy string collisions in flat spacetime as the scattering of a string in the effective curved background produced by the others as the impact parameter $b$ decreases. We find the effective energy density distribution generated by these collisions. The effective metric generated by these collisions is a gravitational shock wave with profile $f(\rho)\sim p\rho^{4-D}$, for large impact parameter $b$. For intermediate $b$, $f(\rho)\sim q\rho^2$, corresponding to an extended source of momentum $q$. We finally study the emergence of string instabilities in $D$ - dimensional black hole spacetimes and De Sitter space. We solve the first order string fluctuations around the center of mass motion at spatial infinity, near the horizon and at the spacetime singularity. We find that the time components are always well behaved in the three regions and in the three backgrounds. The radial components are unstable: imaginary frequencies develop in the oscillatory modes near the horizon, and the evolution is like $(\tau-\tau_0)^ {-P}$, $(P>0)$, near the spacetime singularity, $r\to0$, where the world - sheet time $(\tau-\tau_0)\to0$, and the proper string length grows infinitely.
0810.1074
Ramon Herrera
Ramon Herrera
Tachyon-Chaplygin inflation on the brane
15 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Gen.Rel.Grav.41:1259-1271,2009
10.1007/s10714-008-0703-8
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Tachyon-Brane inflationary universe model in the context of a Chaplygin gas equation of state is studied. General conditions for this model to be realizable are discussed. In the high-energy limit and by using an exponential potential we describe in great details the characteristic of this model. Recent observational data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment are employed to restrict the parameters of the model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Oct 2008 22:47:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-18
[ [ "Herrera", "Ramon", "" ] ]
Tachyon-Brane inflationary universe model in the context of a Chaplygin gas equation of state is studied. General conditions for this model to be realizable are discussed. In the high-energy limit and by using an exponential potential we describe in great details the characteristic of this model. Recent observational data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment are employed to restrict the parameters of the model.
1406.6057
Francesco Pannarale
Francesco Pannarale and Frank Ohme
Prospects for joint gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations of neutron-star--black-hole coalescing binaries
5 pages, 3 figures; matches published version
ApJ, 791, L7 (2014)
10.1088/2041-8205/791/1/L7
LIGO-P1400096
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Coalescing neutron-star-black-hole (NS-BH) binaries are a promising source of gravitational-wave (GW) signals detectable with large-scale laser interferometers such as Advanced LIGO and Virgo. They are also one of the main short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) progenitor candidates. If the BH tidally disrupts its companion, an SGRB may be ignited when a sufficiently massive accretion disk forms around the remnant BH. Detecting an NS-BH coalescence both in the GW and electromagnetic (EM) spectrum offers a wealth of information about the nature of the source. How much can actually be inferred from a joint detection is unclear, however, as a mass/spin degeneracy may reduce the GW measurement accuracy. To shed light on this problem and on the potential of joint EM+GW observations, we here combine recent semi-analytical predictions for the remnant disk mass with estimates of the parameter-space portion that is selected by a GW detection. We identify cases in which an SGRB ignition is supported, others in which it can be excluded, and finally others in which the outcome depends on the chosen model for the currently unknown NS equation of state. We pinpoint a range of systems that would allow us to place lower bounds on the equation of state stiffness if both the GW emission and its EM counterpart are observed. The methods we develop can broaden the scope of existing GW detection and parameter-estimation algorithms and could allow us to disregard about half of the templates in an NS-BH search following an SGRB trigger, increasing its speed and sensitivity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Jun 2014 20:00:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Jul 2014 08:21:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-25
[ [ "Pannarale", "Francesco", "" ], [ "Ohme", "Frank", "" ] ]
Coalescing neutron-star-black-hole (NS-BH) binaries are a promising source of gravitational-wave (GW) signals detectable with large-scale laser interferometers such as Advanced LIGO and Virgo. They are also one of the main short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) progenitor candidates. If the BH tidally disrupts its companion, an SGRB may be ignited when a sufficiently massive accretion disk forms around the remnant BH. Detecting an NS-BH coalescence both in the GW and electromagnetic (EM) spectrum offers a wealth of information about the nature of the source. How much can actually be inferred from a joint detection is unclear, however, as a mass/spin degeneracy may reduce the GW measurement accuracy. To shed light on this problem and on the potential of joint EM+GW observations, we here combine recent semi-analytical predictions for the remnant disk mass with estimates of the parameter-space portion that is selected by a GW detection. We identify cases in which an SGRB ignition is supported, others in which it can be excluded, and finally others in which the outcome depends on the chosen model for the currently unknown NS equation of state. We pinpoint a range of systems that would allow us to place lower bounds on the equation of state stiffness if both the GW emission and its EM counterpart are observed. The methods we develop can broaden the scope of existing GW detection and parameter-estimation algorithms and could allow us to disregard about half of the templates in an NS-BH search following an SGRB trigger, increasing its speed and sensitivity.
gr-qc/0108015
Massimo Giovannini
Danilo Babusci (INFN, Frascati) and Massimo Giovannini (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Lausanne University)
Response of VIRGO detectors to pre-big-bang gravitons
23 pages in Latex style
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D10 (2001) 477-500
10.1142/S0218271801001165
International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 10, No. 4 (2001) 477-500
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
The sensitivity achievable by a pair of VIRGO detectors to stochastic and isotropic gravitational wave backgrounds produced in pre-big-bang models is discussed in view of the development of a second VIRGO interferometer. We describe a semi-analytical technique allowing to compute the signal-to-noise ratio for (monotonic or non-monotonic) logarithmic energy spectra of relic gravitons of arbitrary slope. We apply our results to the case of two correlated and coaligned VIRGO detectors and we compute their achievable sensitivities. We perform our calculations both for the usual case of minimal string cosmological scenario and in the case of a non-minimal scenario where a long dilaton dominated phase is present prior to the onset of the ordinary radiation dominated phase. In this framework, we investigate possible improvements of the achievable sensitivities by selective reduction of the thermal contributions (pendulum and pendulum's internal modes) to the noise power spectra of the detectors. Since a reduction of the shot noise does not increase significantly the expected sensitivity of a VIRGO pair (in spite of the relative spatial location of the two detectors) our findings support the experimental efforts directed towards a substantial reduction of thermal noise.
[ { "created": "Sat, 4 Aug 2001 16:51:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Babusci", "Danilo", "", "INFN, Frascati" ], [ "Giovannini", "Massimo", "", "Institute for\n Theoretical Physics, Lausanne University" ] ]
The sensitivity achievable by a pair of VIRGO detectors to stochastic and isotropic gravitational wave backgrounds produced in pre-big-bang models is discussed in view of the development of a second VIRGO interferometer. We describe a semi-analytical technique allowing to compute the signal-to-noise ratio for (monotonic or non-monotonic) logarithmic energy spectra of relic gravitons of arbitrary slope. We apply our results to the case of two correlated and coaligned VIRGO detectors and we compute their achievable sensitivities. We perform our calculations both for the usual case of minimal string cosmological scenario and in the case of a non-minimal scenario where a long dilaton dominated phase is present prior to the onset of the ordinary radiation dominated phase. In this framework, we investigate possible improvements of the achievable sensitivities by selective reduction of the thermal contributions (pendulum and pendulum's internal modes) to the noise power spectra of the detectors. Since a reduction of the shot noise does not increase significantly the expected sensitivity of a VIRGO pair (in spite of the relative spatial location of the two detectors) our findings support the experimental efforts directed towards a substantial reduction of thermal noise.
gr-qc/9209006
null
Boro Grubisic and Vincent Moncrief
Asymptotic Behavior of the $T^3 \times R$ Gowdy Spacetimes
30 pages
Phys.Rev. D47 (1993) 2371-2382
10.1103/PhysRevD.47.2371
null
gr-qc
null
We present new evidence in support of the Penrose's strong cosmic censorship conjecture in the class of Gowdy spacetimes with $T^3$ spatial topology. Solving Einstein's equations perturbatively to all orders we show that asymptotically close to the boundary of the maximal Cauchy development the dominant term in the expansion gives rise to curvature singularity for almost all initial data. The dominant term, which we call the ``geodesic loop solution'', is a solution of the Einstein's equations with all space derivatives dropped. We also describe the extent to which our perturbative results can be rigorously justified.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Sep 1992 03:31:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Grubisic", "Boro", "" ], [ "Moncrief", "Vincent", "" ] ]
We present new evidence in support of the Penrose's strong cosmic censorship conjecture in the class of Gowdy spacetimes with $T^3$ spatial topology. Solving Einstein's equations perturbatively to all orders we show that asymptotically close to the boundary of the maximal Cauchy development the dominant term in the expansion gives rise to curvature singularity for almost all initial data. The dominant term, which we call the ``geodesic loop solution'', is a solution of the Einstein's equations with all space derivatives dropped. We also describe the extent to which our perturbative results can be rigorously justified.
gr-qc/0501011
Christian Koenigsdoerffer
Christian Koenigsdoerffer, Achamveedu Gopakumar
Post-Newtonian accurate parametric solution to the dynamics of spinning compact binaries in eccentric orbits: The leading order spin-orbit interaction
18 pages, accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 024039
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.024039
null
gr-qc
null
We derive Keplerian-type parametrization for the solution of post-Newtonian (PN) accurate conservative dynamics of spinning compact binaries moving in eccentric orbits. The PN accurate dynamics that we consider consists of the third post-Newtonian accurate conservative orbital dynamics influenced by the leading order spin effects, namely the leading order spin-orbit interactions. The orbital elements of the representation are explicitly given in terms of the conserved orbital energy, angular momentum and a quantity that characterizes the leading order spin-orbit interactions in Arnowitt, Deser, and Misner-type coordinates. Our parametric solution is applicable in the following two distinct cases: (i) the binary consists of equal mass compact objects, having two arbitrary spins, and (ii) the binary consists of compact objects of arbitrary mass, where only one of them is spinning with an arbitrary spin. As an application of our parametrization, we present gravitational wave polarizations, whose amplitudes are restricted to the leading quadrupolar order, suitable to describe gravitational radiation from spinning compact binaries moving in eccentric orbits. The present parametrization will be required to construct `ready to use' reference templates for gravitational waves from spinning compact binaries in inspiralling eccentric orbits. Our parametric solution for the post-Newtonian accurate conservative dynamics of spinning compact binaries clearly indicates, for the cases considered, the absence of chaos in these systems. Finally, we note that our parametrization provides the first step in deriving a fully second post-Newtonian accurate `timing formula', that may be useful for the radio observations of relativistic binary pulsars like J0737-3039.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Jan 2005 13:28:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Koenigsdoerffer", "Christian", "" ], [ "Gopakumar", "Achamveedu", "" ] ]
We derive Keplerian-type parametrization for the solution of post-Newtonian (PN) accurate conservative dynamics of spinning compact binaries moving in eccentric orbits. The PN accurate dynamics that we consider consists of the third post-Newtonian accurate conservative orbital dynamics influenced by the leading order spin effects, namely the leading order spin-orbit interactions. The orbital elements of the representation are explicitly given in terms of the conserved orbital energy, angular momentum and a quantity that characterizes the leading order spin-orbit interactions in Arnowitt, Deser, and Misner-type coordinates. Our parametric solution is applicable in the following two distinct cases: (i) the binary consists of equal mass compact objects, having two arbitrary spins, and (ii) the binary consists of compact objects of arbitrary mass, where only one of them is spinning with an arbitrary spin. As an application of our parametrization, we present gravitational wave polarizations, whose amplitudes are restricted to the leading quadrupolar order, suitable to describe gravitational radiation from spinning compact binaries moving in eccentric orbits. The present parametrization will be required to construct `ready to use' reference templates for gravitational waves from spinning compact binaries in inspiralling eccentric orbits. Our parametric solution for the post-Newtonian accurate conservative dynamics of spinning compact binaries clearly indicates, for the cases considered, the absence of chaos in these systems. Finally, we note that our parametrization provides the first step in deriving a fully second post-Newtonian accurate `timing formula', that may be useful for the radio observations of relativistic binary pulsars like J0737-3039.
1409.1523
Mariusz Dabrowski P.
Adam Balcerzak, Mariusz P. Dabrowski, Tomasz Denkiewicz, David Polarski, Denis Puy
A critical assessment of some inhomogeneous pressure Stephani models
REVTEX4-1, 12 pages, 6 figures, explanatory material added, version to appear in PRD, conclusions and results unchanged
Phys. Rev. D 91, 083506 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.083506
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
We consider spherically symmetric inhomogeneous pressure Stephani universes, the center of symmetry being our location. The main feature of these models is that comoving observers do not follow geodesics. In particular, comoving perfect fluids have necessarily a radially dependent pressure. We consider a subclass of these models characterized by some inhomogeneity parameter $\beta$. We show that also the velocity of sound, like the (effective) equation of state parameter, of comoving perfect fluids acquire away from the origin a time and radial dependent change proportional to $\beta$. In order to produce a realistic universe accelerating at late times without dark energy component one must take $\beta < 0$. The redshift gets a modified dependence on the scale factor $a(t)$ with a relative modification of $-9\%$ peaking at $z\sim 4$ and vanishing at the big-bang and today on our past lightcone. The equation of state parameter and the speed of sound of dustlike matter (corresponding to a vanishing pressure at the center of symmetry $r=0$) behave in a similar way and away from the center of symmetry they become negative -- a property usually encountered for the dark energy component only. In order to mimic the observed late-time accelerated expansion, the matter component must significantly depart from standard dust, presumably ruling this subclass of Stephani models out as a realistic cosmology. The only way to accept these models is to keep all standard matter components of the universe including dark energy and take an inhomogeneity parameter $\beta$ small enough.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Sep 2014 21:55:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 Dec 2014 00:12:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 14 Mar 2015 13:55:45 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-04-08
[ [ "Balcerzak", "Adam", "" ], [ "Dabrowski", "Mariusz P.", "" ], [ "Denkiewicz", "Tomasz", "" ], [ "Polarski", "David", "" ], [ "Puy", "Denis", "" ] ]
We consider spherically symmetric inhomogeneous pressure Stephani universes, the center of symmetry being our location. The main feature of these models is that comoving observers do not follow geodesics. In particular, comoving perfect fluids have necessarily a radially dependent pressure. We consider a subclass of these models characterized by some inhomogeneity parameter $\beta$. We show that also the velocity of sound, like the (effective) equation of state parameter, of comoving perfect fluids acquire away from the origin a time and radial dependent change proportional to $\beta$. In order to produce a realistic universe accelerating at late times without dark energy component one must take $\beta < 0$. The redshift gets a modified dependence on the scale factor $a(t)$ with a relative modification of $-9\%$ peaking at $z\sim 4$ and vanishing at the big-bang and today on our past lightcone. The equation of state parameter and the speed of sound of dustlike matter (corresponding to a vanishing pressure at the center of symmetry $r=0$) behave in a similar way and away from the center of symmetry they become negative -- a property usually encountered for the dark energy component only. In order to mimic the observed late-time accelerated expansion, the matter component must significantly depart from standard dust, presumably ruling this subclass of Stephani models out as a realistic cosmology. The only way to accept these models is to keep all standard matter components of the universe including dark energy and take an inhomogeneity parameter $\beta$ small enough.
gr-qc/0608117
Pablo Laguna
Pablo Laguna
Numerical Analysis of the Big Bounce in Loop Quantum Cosmology
5 pages, 3 figures, new title, replaced with version accepted for publication
Phys.Rev.D75:024033,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.024033
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Loop quantum cosmology homogeneous models with a massless scalar field show that the big-bang singularity can be replaced by a big quantum bounce. To gain further insight on the nature of this bounce, we study the semi-discrete loop quantum gravity Hamiltonian constraint equation from the point of view of numerical analysis. For illustration purposes, we establish a numerical analogy between the quantum bounces and reflections in finite difference discretizations of wave equations triggered by the use of nonuniform grids or, equivalently, reflections found when solving numerically wave equations with varying coefficients. We show that the bounce is closely related to the method for the temporal update of the system and demonstrate that explicit time-updates in general yield bounces. Finally, we present an example of an implicit time-update devoid of bounces and show back-in-time, deterministic evolutions that reach and partially jump over the big-bang singularity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Aug 2006 11:48:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Jan 2007 14:27:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Laguna", "Pablo", "" ] ]
Loop quantum cosmology homogeneous models with a massless scalar field show that the big-bang singularity can be replaced by a big quantum bounce. To gain further insight on the nature of this bounce, we study the semi-discrete loop quantum gravity Hamiltonian constraint equation from the point of view of numerical analysis. For illustration purposes, we establish a numerical analogy between the quantum bounces and reflections in finite difference discretizations of wave equations triggered by the use of nonuniform grids or, equivalently, reflections found when solving numerically wave equations with varying coefficients. We show that the bounce is closely related to the method for the temporal update of the system and demonstrate that explicit time-updates in general yield bounces. Finally, we present an example of an implicit time-update devoid of bounces and show back-in-time, deterministic evolutions that reach and partially jump over the big-bang singularity.
2201.06988
Aurelien Barrau
Aur\'elien Barrau
The holographic space-time and black hole remnants as dark matter
null
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137061
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The holographic space-time approach to inflation provides a well defined and self-contained framework to study the early universe. Based on a quasi-local quantum gravity theory generalizing string theory beyond AdS backgrounds, it addresses fundamental questions like the arrow of time and the entropy of the initial cosmological state. It was recently argued that it also provides a naturel explanation for dark matter in the form of primordial black holes. The orignal idea however suffers from troubles that can be cured by considering instead Planck relics. This possibility is investigated and paths for observational confirmation are pointed out.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Jan 2022 13:49:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-04-20
[ [ "Barrau", "Aurélien", "" ] ]
The holographic space-time approach to inflation provides a well defined and self-contained framework to study the early universe. Based on a quasi-local quantum gravity theory generalizing string theory beyond AdS backgrounds, it addresses fundamental questions like the arrow of time and the entropy of the initial cosmological state. It was recently argued that it also provides a naturel explanation for dark matter in the form of primordial black holes. The orignal idea however suffers from troubles that can be cured by considering instead Planck relics. This possibility is investigated and paths for observational confirmation are pointed out.
1809.00920
Carsten van de Bruck
Carsten van de Bruck and Chris Longden
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with extra dimensions
23 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a theory of modified gravity possessing d extra spatial dimensions with a maximally symmetric metric and a scale factor, whose (4+d)-dimensional gravitational action contains terms proportional to quadratic curvature scalars. Constructing the 4D effective field theory by dimensional reduction, we find that a special case of our action where the additional terms appear in the well-known Gauss-Bonnet combination is of special interest as it uniquely produces a Horndeski scalar-tensor theory in the 4D effective action. We further consider the possibility of achieving stabilised extra dimensions in this scenario, as a function of the number and curvature of extra dimensions, as well as the strength of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. Further questions that remain to be answered such as the influence of matter-coupling are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Sep 2018 12:36:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-09-05
[ [ "van de Bruck", "Carsten", "" ], [ "Longden", "Chris", "" ] ]
We consider a theory of modified gravity possessing d extra spatial dimensions with a maximally symmetric metric and a scale factor, whose (4+d)-dimensional gravitational action contains terms proportional to quadratic curvature scalars. Constructing the 4D effective field theory by dimensional reduction, we find that a special case of our action where the additional terms appear in the well-known Gauss-Bonnet combination is of special interest as it uniquely produces a Horndeski scalar-tensor theory in the 4D effective action. We further consider the possibility of achieving stabilised extra dimensions in this scenario, as a function of the number and curvature of extra dimensions, as well as the strength of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. Further questions that remain to be answered such as the influence of matter-coupling are briefly discussed.
2211.00616
Gabriele Benomio
Gabriele Benomio
A new gauge for gravitational perturbations of Kerr spacetimes II: The linear stability of Schwarzschild revisited
50 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.DG math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We present a new proof of linear stability of the Schwarzschild solution to gravitational perturbations. Our approach employs the system of linearised gravity in the new geometric gauge of \cite{benomio_kerr}, specialised to the $|a|=0$ case. The proof fundamentally relies on the novel structure of the transport equations in the system. Indeed, while exploiting the well-known decoupling of two gauge invariant linearised quantities into spin $\pm 2$ Teukolsky equations, we make enhanced use of the red-shifted transport equations and their stabilising properties to control the gauge dependent part of the system. As a result, an initial-data gauge normalisation suffices to establish both orbital and asymptotic stability for all the linearised quantities in the system. The absence of future gauge normalisations is a novel element in the linear stability analysis of black hole spacetimes in geometric gauges governed by transport equations. In particular, our approach simplifies the proof of \cite{DHR}, which requires a future normalised (double-null) gauge to establish asymptotic stability for the full system.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Nov 2022 17:31:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-11-02
[ [ "Benomio", "Gabriele", "" ] ]
We present a new proof of linear stability of the Schwarzschild solution to gravitational perturbations. Our approach employs the system of linearised gravity in the new geometric gauge of \cite{benomio_kerr}, specialised to the $|a|=0$ case. The proof fundamentally relies on the novel structure of the transport equations in the system. Indeed, while exploiting the well-known decoupling of two gauge invariant linearised quantities into spin $\pm 2$ Teukolsky equations, we make enhanced use of the red-shifted transport equations and their stabilising properties to control the gauge dependent part of the system. As a result, an initial-data gauge normalisation suffices to establish both orbital and asymptotic stability for all the linearised quantities in the system. The absence of future gauge normalisations is a novel element in the linear stability analysis of black hole spacetimes in geometric gauges governed by transport equations. In particular, our approach simplifies the proof of \cite{DHR}, which requires a future normalised (double-null) gauge to establish asymptotic stability for the full system.
1701.00796
Tahereh Azizi
Tahereh Azizi and Miysam Gorjizadeh
Energy conditions in f(T) gravity with higher-derivative torsion terms
null
null
10.1209/0295-5075/117/60003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the energy conditions in the framework of the modi- fied gravity with higher-derivative torsional terms in the action. We discuss the viability of the model by studying the energy conditions in terms of the cosmographical parameters like Hubble, deceleration, jerk, snap and lerk parameters. In particular, We consider two spe- cific models that are proposed in literature and examine the viability bounds imposed by the weak energy condition.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Jan 2017 19:37:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-06-07
[ [ "Azizi", "Tahereh", "" ], [ "Gorjizadeh", "Miysam", "" ] ]
We study the energy conditions in the framework of the modi- fied gravity with higher-derivative torsional terms in the action. We discuss the viability of the model by studying the energy conditions in terms of the cosmographical parameters like Hubble, deceleration, jerk, snap and lerk parameters. In particular, We consider two spe- cific models that are proposed in literature and examine the viability bounds imposed by the weak energy condition.
1307.3933
Dirk Puetzfeld
Dirk Puetzfeld, Yuri N. Obukhov
Unraveling gravity beyond Einstein with extended test bodies
4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Lett. A
Physics Letters A 377 (2013) 2447
10.1016/j.physleta.2013.07.024
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The motion of test bodies in gravity is tightly linked to the conservation laws. This well-known fact in the context of General Relativity is also valid for gravitational theories which go beyond Einstein's theory. Here we derive the equations of motion for test bodies for a very large class of gravitational theories with a general nonminimal coupling to matter. These equations form the basis for future systematic tests of alternative gravity theories. Our treatment is covariant and generalizes the classic Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon result for spinning (extended) test bodies. The equations of motion for structureless test bodies turn out to be surprisingly simple, despite the very general nature of the theories considered.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Jul 2013 13:35:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-09-09
[ [ "Puetzfeld", "Dirk", "" ], [ "Obukhov", "Yuri N.", "" ] ]
The motion of test bodies in gravity is tightly linked to the conservation laws. This well-known fact in the context of General Relativity is also valid for gravitational theories which go beyond Einstein's theory. Here we derive the equations of motion for test bodies for a very large class of gravitational theories with a general nonminimal coupling to matter. These equations form the basis for future systematic tests of alternative gravity theories. Our treatment is covariant and generalizes the classic Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon result for spinning (extended) test bodies. The equations of motion for structureless test bodies turn out to be surprisingly simple, despite the very general nature of the theories considered.
1408.3446
Bruno Carneiro da Cunha
Nicol\'as Avil\'an, Andr\'es F. Reyes-Lega and Bruno Carneiro da Cunha
Coupling the Sorkin-Johnston State to Gravity
8 pages, 1 figure. RevTeX 4.1
Phys. Rev. D 90, 084036 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.084036
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the dynamics of the Sorkin-Johnston (SJ) state for a massless scalar field in two dimensions. We conduct a study of the renormalized stress-tensor by a subtraction procedure, and compare the results with those of the conformal vacuum, with an important contribution from correction term. We find a large trace anomaly and compute backreaction effects to two dimensional (Liouville) gravity. We find a natural interpretation for the mirror behavior of the SJ state described in previous works.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Aug 2014 00:03:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-10-29
[ [ "Avilán", "Nicolás", "" ], [ "Reyes-Lega", "Andrés F.", "" ], [ "da Cunha", "Bruno Carneiro", "" ] ]
We consider the dynamics of the Sorkin-Johnston (SJ) state for a massless scalar field in two dimensions. We conduct a study of the renormalized stress-tensor by a subtraction procedure, and compare the results with those of the conformal vacuum, with an important contribution from correction term. We find a large trace anomaly and compute backreaction effects to two dimensional (Liouville) gravity. We find a natural interpretation for the mirror behavior of the SJ state described in previous works.
1209.3441
Helgi Freyr R\'unarsson
Helgi Freyr R\'unarsson
Conformal isometry of the lukewarm Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter spacetime
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is known that the extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole possesses a discrete conformal isometry that exchanges the black hole horizon with infinity. It is also known that the Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter spacetime posseses a similar discrete conformal isometry which exchanges the event horizon of the black hole with the cosmological horizon. In this short paper we will continue this line of thought and extend the conformal isometry of the latter spacetime and give an unphysical interpretation of the negative root.
[ { "created": "Sat, 15 Sep 2012 21:44:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-09-18
[ [ "Rúnarsson", "Helgi Freyr", "" ] ]
It is known that the extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole possesses a discrete conformal isometry that exchanges the black hole horizon with infinity. It is also known that the Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter spacetime posseses a similar discrete conformal isometry which exchanges the event horizon of the black hole with the cosmological horizon. In this short paper we will continue this line of thought and extend the conformal isometry of the latter spacetime and give an unphysical interpretation of the negative root.
gr-qc/9705062
Vladimir
V.I. Tkach and J.J. Rosales
Supersymmetric Action for FRW Model with Complex Matter Field
11 pages, Latex
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
On the basis of the local n=2 supersymmetry we construct the supersymmetric action for a set of complex scalar supermultiplets in the FRW model. This action corresponds to the dilaton-axion and chiral components of supergravity theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 May 1997 18:15:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Tkach", "V. I.", "" ], [ "Rosales", "J. J.", "" ] ]
On the basis of the local n=2 supersymmetry we construct the supersymmetric action for a set of complex scalar supermultiplets in the FRW model. This action corresponds to the dilaton-axion and chiral components of supergravity theory.
2403.02415
Matthias Koschnitzke
Mateja Bo\v{s}kovi\'c, Matthias Koschnitzke, Rafael A. Porto
Signatures of ultralight bosons in the orbital eccentricity of binary black holes
5 pages + 9 pages appendices and references, 8 figures
null
null
DESY-24-030
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE hep-ph hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We show that the existence of clouds of ultralight particles surrounding black holes during their cosmological history as members of a binary system can leave a measurable imprint on the distribution of masses and orbital eccentricities observable with future gravitational-wave detectors. Notably, we find that for nonprecessing binaries with chirp masses ${\cal M} \lesssim 10\,M_\odot$, formed exclusively in isolation, larger-than-expected values of the eccentricity, i.e. $e\gtrsim 10^{-2}$ at gravitational-wave frequencies $f_{\rm GW} \simeq 10^{-2}\,$Hz, would provide tantalizing evidence for a new particle of mass between $[0.5,2.5] \times 10^{-12}\,$eV in nature. The predicted evolution of the eccentricity can also drastically affect the in-band phase evolution and peak frequency. These results constitute unique signatures of boson clouds of ultralight particles in the dynamics of binary black holes, which will be readily accessible with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, as well as future mid-band and Deci-hertz detectors.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Mar 2024 19:10:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-06
[ [ "Bošković", "Mateja", "" ], [ "Koschnitzke", "Matthias", "" ], [ "Porto", "Rafael A.", "" ] ]
We show that the existence of clouds of ultralight particles surrounding black holes during their cosmological history as members of a binary system can leave a measurable imprint on the distribution of masses and orbital eccentricities observable with future gravitational-wave detectors. Notably, we find that for nonprecessing binaries with chirp masses ${\cal M} \lesssim 10\,M_\odot$, formed exclusively in isolation, larger-than-expected values of the eccentricity, i.e. $e\gtrsim 10^{-2}$ at gravitational-wave frequencies $f_{\rm GW} \simeq 10^{-2}\,$Hz, would provide tantalizing evidence for a new particle of mass between $[0.5,2.5] \times 10^{-12}\,$eV in nature. The predicted evolution of the eccentricity can also drastically affect the in-band phase evolution and peak frequency. These results constitute unique signatures of boson clouds of ultralight particles in the dynamics of binary black holes, which will be readily accessible with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, as well as future mid-band and Deci-hertz detectors.
0905.1243
Lars Andersson
Lars Andersson (AEI and UM) and Berndt G. Schmidt (AEI)
Static self-gravitating many-body systems in Einstein gravity
15 pages
Class.Quant.Grav.26:165007,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/16/165007
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the problem of constructing static, elastic, many-body systems in Einstein gravity. The solutions constructed are deformations of static many-body configurations in Newtonian gravity. No symmetry assumptions are made.
[ { "created": "Fri, 8 May 2009 12:42:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-28
[ [ "Andersson", "Lars", "", "AEI and UM" ], [ "Schmidt", "Berndt G.", "", "AEI" ] ]
We consider the problem of constructing static, elastic, many-body systems in Einstein gravity. The solutions constructed are deformations of static many-body configurations in Newtonian gravity. No symmetry assumptions are made.
gr-qc/9303001
Robert Brandenberger
R. Brandenberger (Brown), V. Mukhanov (ETH Zuerich) and A. Sornborger (Brown)
A Cosmological Theory without Singularities
25 pages, 11 figures (available as hard copies from the authors), uses phyzzx, BROWN-HET-891
Phys.Rev. D48 (1993) 1629-1642
10.1103/PhysRevD.48.1629
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
A theory of gravitation is constructed in which all homogeneous and isotropic solutions are nonsingular, and in which all curvature invariants are bounded. All solutions for which curvature invariants approach their limiting values approach de Sitter space. The action for this theory is obtained by a higher derivative modification of Einstein's theory. We expect that our model can easily be generalized to solve the singularity problem also for anisotropic cosmologies.
[ { "created": "Mon, 1 Mar 1993 20:27:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Brandenberger", "R.", "", "Brown" ], [ "Mukhanov", "V.", "", "ETH Zuerich" ], [ "Sornborger", "A.", "", "Brown" ] ]
A theory of gravitation is constructed in which all homogeneous and isotropic solutions are nonsingular, and in which all curvature invariants are bounded. All solutions for which curvature invariants approach their limiting values approach de Sitter space. The action for this theory is obtained by a higher derivative modification of Einstein's theory. We expect that our model can easily be generalized to solve the singularity problem also for anisotropic cosmologies.
2309.03991
Nikolaos Stergioulas
Ioannis Liodis, Evaggelos Smirniotis, Nikolaos Stergioulas
A neural-network-based surrogate model for the properties of neutron stars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
12 pages, 8 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Machine learning and artificial neural networks (ANNs) have increasingly become integral to data analysis research in astrophysics due to the growing demand for fast calculations resulting from the abundance of observational data. Simultaneously, neutron stars and black holes have been extensively examined within modified theories of gravity since they enable the exploration of the strong field regime of gravity. In this study, we employ ANNs to develop a surrogate model for a numerical iterative method to solve the structure equations of NSs within a specific 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity framework. We have trained highly accurate surrogate models, each corresponding to one of twenty realistic EoSs. The resulting ANN models predict the mass and radius of individual NS models between 10 and 100 times faster than the numerical solver. In the case of batch processing, we demonstrated that the speed up is several orders of magnitude higher. We have trained additional models where the radius is predicted for specific masses. Here, the speed up is considerably higher since the original numerical code that constructs the equilibrium models would have to do additional iterations to find a model with a specific mass. Our ANN models can be used to speed up Bayesian inference, where the mass and radius of equilibrium models in this theory of gravity are required.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Sep 2023 19:47:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-11
[ [ "Liodis", "Ioannis", "" ], [ "Smirniotis", "Evaggelos", "" ], [ "Stergioulas", "Nikolaos", "" ] ]
Machine learning and artificial neural networks (ANNs) have increasingly become integral to data analysis research in astrophysics due to the growing demand for fast calculations resulting from the abundance of observational data. Simultaneously, neutron stars and black holes have been extensively examined within modified theories of gravity since they enable the exploration of the strong field regime of gravity. In this study, we employ ANNs to develop a surrogate model for a numerical iterative method to solve the structure equations of NSs within a specific 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity framework. We have trained highly accurate surrogate models, each corresponding to one of twenty realistic EoSs. The resulting ANN models predict the mass and radius of individual NS models between 10 and 100 times faster than the numerical solver. In the case of batch processing, we demonstrated that the speed up is several orders of magnitude higher. We have trained additional models where the radius is predicted for specific masses. Here, the speed up is considerably higher since the original numerical code that constructs the equilibrium models would have to do additional iterations to find a model with a specific mass. Our ANN models can be used to speed up Bayesian inference, where the mass and radius of equilibrium models in this theory of gravity are required.
1902.08323
Paul Chesler
Paul M. Chesler, Ramesh Narayan and Erik Curiel
Singularities in Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes
17 pages, 3 figures, clarifications and an appendix with numerics added, published version
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study black holes produced by the collapse of a spherically symmetric charged scalar field in asymptotically flat space. We employ a late time expansion and show decaying fluxes of radiation through the event horizon imply the black hole must contain a null singularity on the Cauchy horizon and a central spacelike singularity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Feb 2019 00:49:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Nov 2019 20:40:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-12-03
[ [ "Chesler", "Paul M.", "" ], [ "Narayan", "Ramesh", "" ], [ "Curiel", "Erik", "" ] ]
We study black holes produced by the collapse of a spherically symmetric charged scalar field in asymptotically flat space. We employ a late time expansion and show decaying fluxes of radiation through the event horizon imply the black hole must contain a null singularity on the Cauchy horizon and a central spacelike singularity.
gr-qc/9704076
N. K. Dadhich
Naresh Dadhich and K. Narayan
An ansatz for spacetimes of zero gravitational mass : global monopoles and textures
9 pages, LaTeX version
Gen.Rel.Grav. 30 (1998) 1133
10.1023/A:1026660907760
IUCAA-32/97
gr-qc
null
We propose a geometric ansatz, a restriction on Euclidean / Minkowski distance in the embedding space being propotional to distance in the embedded space, to generate spacetimes with vanishing gravitational mass ($R_{ik} u^i u^k = 0, u_i u^i = 1 $). It turns out that these spacetimes can represent global monopoles and textures. Thus the ansatz is a prescription to generate zero mass spacetimes that could describe topological defects, global monopoles and textures.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Apr 1997 11:30:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Dadhich", "Naresh", "" ], [ "Narayan", "K.", "" ] ]
We propose a geometric ansatz, a restriction on Euclidean / Minkowski distance in the embedding space being propotional to distance in the embedded space, to generate spacetimes with vanishing gravitational mass ($R_{ik} u^i u^k = 0, u_i u^i = 1 $). It turns out that these spacetimes can represent global monopoles and textures. Thus the ansatz is a prescription to generate zero mass spacetimes that could describe topological defects, global monopoles and textures.
gr-qc/0309082
Burkhard Kleihaus
Burkhard Kleihaus, Jutta Kunz, Francisco Navarro-L\'erida
Stationary Black Holes with Static and Counterrotating Horizons
4 pages, 6 figures
Phys.Rev.D69:081501,2004
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.081501
null
gr-qc
null
We show that rotating dyonic black holes with static and counterrotating horizon exist in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory when the dilaton coupling constant exceeds the Kaluza-Klein value. The black holes with static horizon bifurcate from the static black holes. Their mass decreases with increasing angular momentum, their horizons are prolate.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Sep 2003 12:45:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Kleihaus", "Burkhard", "" ], [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ], [ "Navarro-Lérida", "Francisco", "" ] ]
We show that rotating dyonic black holes with static and counterrotating horizon exist in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory when the dilaton coupling constant exceeds the Kaluza-Klein value. The black holes with static horizon bifurcate from the static black holes. Their mass decreases with increasing angular momentum, their horizons are prolate.
1009.5189
Georgios Kraniotis
G. V. Kraniotis
Precise analytic treatment of Kerr and Kerr-(anti) de Sitter black holes as gravitational lenses
42 pages, 4 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.28:085021,2011
10.1088/0264-9381/28/8/085021
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The null geodesic equations that describe motion of photons in Kerr spacetime are solved exactly in the presence of the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The exact solution for the deflection angle for generic light orbits (i.e. non-polar, non-equatorial) is calculated in terms of the generalized hypergeometric functions of Appell and Lauricella. We then consider the more involved issue in which the black hole acts as a `gravitational lens'. The constructed Kerr black hole gravitational lens geometry consists of an observer and a source located far away and placed at arbitrary inclination with respect to the black hole's equatorial plane. The resulting lens equations are solved elegantly in terms of Appell-Lauricella hypergeometric functions and the Weierstrass elliptic function. We then, systematically, apply our closed form solutions for calculating the image and source positions of generic photon orbits that solve the lens equations and reach an observer located at various values of the polar angle for various values of the Kerr parameter and the first integrals of motion. In this framework, the magnification factors for generic orbits are calculated in closed analytic form for the first time. The exercise is repeated with the appropriate modifications for the case of a non-zero cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Sep 2010 08:48:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-08
[ [ "Kraniotis", "G. V.", "" ] ]
The null geodesic equations that describe motion of photons in Kerr spacetime are solved exactly in the presence of the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The exact solution for the deflection angle for generic light orbits (i.e. non-polar, non-equatorial) is calculated in terms of the generalized hypergeometric functions of Appell and Lauricella. We then consider the more involved issue in which the black hole acts as a `gravitational lens'. The constructed Kerr black hole gravitational lens geometry consists of an observer and a source located far away and placed at arbitrary inclination with respect to the black hole's equatorial plane. The resulting lens equations are solved elegantly in terms of Appell-Lauricella hypergeometric functions and the Weierstrass elliptic function. We then, systematically, apply our closed form solutions for calculating the image and source positions of generic photon orbits that solve the lens equations and reach an observer located at various values of the polar angle for various values of the Kerr parameter and the first integrals of motion. In this framework, the magnification factors for generic orbits are calculated in closed analytic form for the first time. The exercise is repeated with the appropriate modifications for the case of a non-zero cosmological constant.
1108.0060
Rodrigo P. Macedo
Jos\'e Luis Jaramillo and Rodrigo P. Macedo and Philipp Moesta and Luciano Rezzolla
Black-hole horizons as probes of black-hole dynamics I: post-merger recoil in head-on collisions
final version published on PRD
Phys. Rev. D 85, 084030 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.85.084030
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The understanding of strong-field dynamics near black-hole horizons is a long-standing and challenging prob- lem in general relativity. Recent advances in numerical relativity and in the geometric characterization of black- hole horizons open new avenues into the problem. In this first paper in a series of two, we focus on the analysis of the recoil occurring in the merger of binary black holes, extending the analysis initiated in [1] with Robinson- Trautman spacetimes. More specifically, we probe spacetime dynamics through the correlation of quantities defined at the black-hole horizon and at null infinity. The geometry of these hypersurfaces responds to bulk gravitational fields acting as test screens in a scattering perspective of spacetime dynamics. Within a 3 + 1 approach we build an effective-curvature vector from the intrinsic geometry of dynamical-horizon sections and correlate its evolution with the flux of Bondi linear momentum at large distances. We employ this setup to study numerically the head-on collision of nonspinning black holes and demonstrate its validity to track the qualita- tive aspects of recoil dynamics at infinity. We also make contact with the suggestion that the antikick can be described in terms of a "slowness parameter" and how this can be computed from the local properties of the horizon. In a companion paper [2] we will further elaborate on the geometric aspects of this approach and on its relation with other approaches to characterize dynamical properties of black-hole horizons.
[ { "created": "Sat, 30 Jul 2011 11:24:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 5 May 2012 13:38:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-05-08
[ [ "Jaramillo", "José Luis", "" ], [ "Macedo", "Rodrigo P.", "" ], [ "Moesta", "Philipp", "" ], [ "Rezzolla", "Luciano", "" ] ]
The understanding of strong-field dynamics near black-hole horizons is a long-standing and challenging prob- lem in general relativity. Recent advances in numerical relativity and in the geometric characterization of black- hole horizons open new avenues into the problem. In this first paper in a series of two, we focus on the analysis of the recoil occurring in the merger of binary black holes, extending the analysis initiated in [1] with Robinson- Trautman spacetimes. More specifically, we probe spacetime dynamics through the correlation of quantities defined at the black-hole horizon and at null infinity. The geometry of these hypersurfaces responds to bulk gravitational fields acting as test screens in a scattering perspective of spacetime dynamics. Within a 3 + 1 approach we build an effective-curvature vector from the intrinsic geometry of dynamical-horizon sections and correlate its evolution with the flux of Bondi linear momentum at large distances. We employ this setup to study numerically the head-on collision of nonspinning black holes and demonstrate its validity to track the qualita- tive aspects of recoil dynamics at infinity. We also make contact with the suggestion that the antikick can be described in terms of a "slowness parameter" and how this can be computed from the local properties of the horizon. In a companion paper [2] we will further elaborate on the geometric aspects of this approach and on its relation with other approaches to characterize dynamical properties of black-hole horizons.
1503.00920
Angelo Tartaglia
Angelo Tartaglia
Testing General Relativity
The paper will appear on Proceedings of Science: Gran Sasso Summer Institute 2014
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This lecture will present a review of the past and present tests of the General Relativity theory. The essentials of the theory will be recalled and the measurable effects will be listed and analyzed. The main historical confirmations of General Relativity will be described. Then, the present situation will be reviewed presenting a number of examples. The opportunities given by astrophysical and astrometric observations will be shortly discussed. Coming to terrestrial experiments the attention will be specially focused on ringlasers and a dedicated experiment for the Gran Sasso Laboratories, named by the acronym GINGER, will be presented. Mention will also be made of alternatives to the use of light, such as particle beams and superfluid rings.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Mar 2015 12:44:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-04
[ [ "Tartaglia", "Angelo", "" ] ]
This lecture will present a review of the past and present tests of the General Relativity theory. The essentials of the theory will be recalled and the measurable effects will be listed and analyzed. The main historical confirmations of General Relativity will be described. Then, the present situation will be reviewed presenting a number of examples. The opportunities given by astrophysical and astrometric observations will be shortly discussed. Coming to terrestrial experiments the attention will be specially focused on ringlasers and a dedicated experiment for the Gran Sasso Laboratories, named by the acronym GINGER, will be presented. Mention will also be made of alternatives to the use of light, such as particle beams and superfluid rings.
2201.08726
Geanderson Carvalho
G.A. Carvalho, R. Lobato, P.H.R.S. Moraes, D. Deb and M. Malheiro
Quark stars with 2.6 $M_\odot$ in a non-minimal geometry-matter coupling theory of gravity
null
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11058-6
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work analyses the hydrostatic equilibrium configurations of strange stars in a non-minimal geometry-matter coupling (GMC) theory of gravity. Those stars are made of strange quark matter, whose distribution is governed by the MIT equation of state. The non-minimal GMC theory is described by the following gravitational action: $f(R,L)=R/2+L+\sigma RL$, where $R$ represents the curvature scalar, $L$ is the matter Lagrangian density, and $\sigma$ is the coupling parameter. When considering this theory, the strange stars become larger and more massive. In particular, when $\sigma=50$ km$^2$, the theory can achieve the 2.6 $M_\odot$, which is suitable for describing the pulsars PSR J2215+5135 and PSR J1614-2230, and the mass of the secondary object in the GW190814 event. The 2.6 $M_\odot$ is a value hardly achievable in General Relativity even considering fast rotation effects, and is also compatible with the mass of PSR J0952-0607 ($M = 2.35 \pm 0.17 ~M_\odot$), the heaviest and fastest pulsar in the disk of the Milky Way, recently measured, supporting the possible existence of strange quark matter in its composition. The non-minimal GMC theory can also give feasible results to describe the macroscopical features of strange star candidates.
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 Jan 2022 14:43:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 15 Sep 2022 14:13:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-12-21
[ [ "Carvalho", "G. A.", "" ], [ "Lobato", "R.", "" ], [ "Moraes", "P. H. R. S.", "" ], [ "Deb", "D.", "" ], [ "Malheiro", "M.", "" ] ]
This work analyses the hydrostatic equilibrium configurations of strange stars in a non-minimal geometry-matter coupling (GMC) theory of gravity. Those stars are made of strange quark matter, whose distribution is governed by the MIT equation of state. The non-minimal GMC theory is described by the following gravitational action: $f(R,L)=R/2+L+\sigma RL$, where $R$ represents the curvature scalar, $L$ is the matter Lagrangian density, and $\sigma$ is the coupling parameter. When considering this theory, the strange stars become larger and more massive. In particular, when $\sigma=50$ km$^2$, the theory can achieve the 2.6 $M_\odot$, which is suitable for describing the pulsars PSR J2215+5135 and PSR J1614-2230, and the mass of the secondary object in the GW190814 event. The 2.6 $M_\odot$ is a value hardly achievable in General Relativity even considering fast rotation effects, and is also compatible with the mass of PSR J0952-0607 ($M = 2.35 \pm 0.17 ~M_\odot$), the heaviest and fastest pulsar in the disk of the Milky Way, recently measured, supporting the possible existence of strange quark matter in its composition. The non-minimal GMC theory can also give feasible results to describe the macroscopical features of strange star candidates.
gr-qc/9511064
Ulf Nilsson
Ulf Nilsson, Claes Uggla
Spatially self-similar locally rotationally symmetric perfect fluid models
27 pages, pictures available at ftp://vanosf.physto.se/pub/figures/ssslrs.tar.gz
Class.Quant.Grav. 13 (1996) 1601-1622
10.1088/0264-9381/13/6/024
null
gr-qc
null
Einstein's field equations for spatially self-similar locally rotationally symmetric perfect fluid models are investigated. The field equations are rewritten as a first order system of autonomous ordinary differential equations. Dimensionless variables are chosen in such a way that the number of equations in the coupled system of differential equations is reduced as far as possible. The system is subsequently analyzed qualitatively for some of the models. The nature of the singularities occurring in the models is discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Nov 1995 09:00:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Nilsson", "Ulf", "" ], [ "Uggla", "Claes", "" ] ]
Einstein's field equations for spatially self-similar locally rotationally symmetric perfect fluid models are investigated. The field equations are rewritten as a first order system of autonomous ordinary differential equations. Dimensionless variables are chosen in such a way that the number of equations in the coupled system of differential equations is reduced as far as possible. The system is subsequently analyzed qualitatively for some of the models. The nature of the singularities occurring in the models is discussed.
1806.02533
Richard Woodard
Z. H. Liao (NCKU), S. P. Miao (NCKU) and R. P. Woodard (Florida)
Cosmological Coleman-Weinberg Potentials and Inflation
11 pages, 3 figures, uses LaTeX2e Version 2 extensively revised for publication, contains a new section connecting reheating and fine tuning and an extended discussion of the late time de Sitter phase approached by all fermion models
Phys. Rev. D 99, 103522 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.103522
UFIFT-QG-18-04
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider an additional fine-tuning problem which afflicts scalar-driven models of inflation. The problem is that successful reheating requires the inflaton be coupled to ordinary matter, and quantum fluctuations of this matter induces Coleman-Weinberg potentials which are not Planck-suppressed. Unlike the flat space case, these potentials depend upon a still-unknown, nonlocal functional of the metric which reduces to the Hubble parameter for de Sitter. Such a potential cannot be completely subtracted off by any local action. In a simple model we numerically consider one possible subtraction scheme in which the correction is locally subtracted at the beginning of inflation. For fermions the effect is to make the universe approach de Sitter with a smaller Hubble parameter. For gauge bosons the effect is to make inflation end almost instantly unless the gauge charge is unacceptably small.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Jun 2018 06:47:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 May 2019 04:24:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-22
[ [ "Liao", "Z. H.", "", "NCKU" ], [ "Miao", "S. P.", "", "NCKU" ], [ "Woodard", "R. P.", "", "Florida" ] ]
We consider an additional fine-tuning problem which afflicts scalar-driven models of inflation. The problem is that successful reheating requires the inflaton be coupled to ordinary matter, and quantum fluctuations of this matter induces Coleman-Weinberg potentials which are not Planck-suppressed. Unlike the flat space case, these potentials depend upon a still-unknown, nonlocal functional of the metric which reduces to the Hubble parameter for de Sitter. Such a potential cannot be completely subtracted off by any local action. In a simple model we numerically consider one possible subtraction scheme in which the correction is locally subtracted at the beginning of inflation. For fermions the effect is to make the universe approach de Sitter with a smaller Hubble parameter. For gauge bosons the effect is to make inflation end almost instantly unless the gauge charge is unacceptably small.
gr-qc/9606038
Daniel Sudarsky
Marcelo Salgado, Daniel Sudarsky, and Hernando Quevedo
Galactic periodicity and the oscillating G model
Latex file 29 pages with no figures. Please contact M.Salgado for figures. A more careful study of the model appears in gr-qc/9606039
Phys.Rev. D53 (1996) 6771-6783
10.1103/PhysRevD.53.6771
null
gr-qc
null
We consider the model involving the oscillation of the effective gravitational constant that has been put forward in an attempt to reconcile the observed periodicity in the galaxy number distribution with the standard cosmological models. This model involves a highly nonlinear dynamics which we analyze numerically. We carry out a detailed study of the bound that nucleosynthesis imposes on this model. The analysis shows that for any assumed value for $\Omega$ (the total energy density) one can fix the value of $\Omega_{\rm bar}$ (the baryonic energy density) in such a way as to accommodate the observational constraints coming from the $^4{\rm He}$ primordial abundance. In particular, if we impose the inflationary value $\Omega=1$ the resulting baryonic energy density turns out to be $\Omega_{\rm bar}\sim 0.021$. This result lies in the very narrow range $0.016 \leq \Omega_{\rm bar} \leq 0.026$ allowed by the observed values of the primordial abundances of the other light elements. The remaining fraction of $\Omega$ corresponds to dark matter represented by a scalar field.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Jun 1996 23:01:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Salgado", "Marcelo", "" ], [ "Sudarsky", "Daniel", "" ], [ "Quevedo", "Hernando", "" ] ]
We consider the model involving the oscillation of the effective gravitational constant that has been put forward in an attempt to reconcile the observed periodicity in the galaxy number distribution with the standard cosmological models. This model involves a highly nonlinear dynamics which we analyze numerically. We carry out a detailed study of the bound that nucleosynthesis imposes on this model. The analysis shows that for any assumed value for $\Omega$ (the total energy density) one can fix the value of $\Omega_{\rm bar}$ (the baryonic energy density) in such a way as to accommodate the observational constraints coming from the $^4{\rm He}$ primordial abundance. In particular, if we impose the inflationary value $\Omega=1$ the resulting baryonic energy density turns out to be $\Omega_{\rm bar}\sim 0.021$. This result lies in the very narrow range $0.016 \leq \Omega_{\rm bar} \leq 0.026$ allowed by the observed values of the primordial abundances of the other light elements. The remaining fraction of $\Omega$ corresponds to dark matter represented by a scalar field.
gr-qc/9511063
Rafael D. Sorkin
Rafael D. Sorkin (Syracuse University and UNAM)
A Specimen of Theory Construction from Quantum Gravity
16 pages, plainTeX. Figures not included but available on request from the Author. To be published in: "The Creation of Ideas in Physics", ed. Jarrett Leplin, (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1995)
in The Creation of Ideas in Physics: Studies for a Methodology of Theory Construction (Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Symposium in Philosophy, held Greensboro, North Carolina, March, 1989) (Number 55 in the University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science) edited by J.~Leplin, pp. 167-179 (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1995)
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
I describe the history of my attempts to arrive at a discrete substratum underlying the spacetime manifold, culminating in the hypothesis that the basic structure has the form of a partial-order (i.e. that it is a causal set).
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Nov 1995 08:43:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-25
[ [ "Sorkin", "Rafael D.", "", "Syracuse University and UNAM" ] ]
I describe the history of my attempts to arrive at a discrete substratum underlying the spacetime manifold, culminating in the hypothesis that the basic structure has the form of a partial-order (i.e. that it is a causal set).
gr-qc/0003111
Robert Paternoga
Robert Paternoga, Robert Graham
Triad representation of the Chern-Simons state in quantum gravity
Latex, 30 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D62 (2000) 084005
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.084005
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate a triad representation of the Chern-Simons state of quantum gravity with a non-vanishing cosmological constant. It is shown that the Chern-Simons state, which is a well-known exact wavefunctional within the Ashtekar theory, can be transformed to the real triad representation by means of a suitably generalized Fourier transformation, yielding a complex integral representation for the corresponding state in the triad variables. It is found that topologically inequivalent choices for the complex integration contour give rise to linearly independent wavefunctionals in the triad representation, which all arise from the one Chern-Simons state in the Ashtekar variables. For a suitable choice of the normalization factor, these states turn out to be gauge-invariant under arbitrary, even topologically non-trivial gauge-transformations. Explicit analytical expressions for the wavefunctionals in the triad representation can be obtained in several interesting asymptotic parameter regimes, and the associated semiclassical 4-geometries are discussed. In restriction to Bianchi-type homogeneous 3-metrics, we compare our results with earlier discussions of homogeneous cosmological models. Moreover, we define an inner product on the Hilbert space of quantum gravity, and choose a natural gauge-condition fixing the time-gauge. With respect to this particular inner product, the Chern-Simons state of quantum gravity turns out to be a non-normalizable wavefunctional.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Mar 2000 15:18:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Paternoga", "Robert", "" ], [ "Graham", "Robert", "" ] ]
We investigate a triad representation of the Chern-Simons state of quantum gravity with a non-vanishing cosmological constant. It is shown that the Chern-Simons state, which is a well-known exact wavefunctional within the Ashtekar theory, can be transformed to the real triad representation by means of a suitably generalized Fourier transformation, yielding a complex integral representation for the corresponding state in the triad variables. It is found that topologically inequivalent choices for the complex integration contour give rise to linearly independent wavefunctionals in the triad representation, which all arise from the one Chern-Simons state in the Ashtekar variables. For a suitable choice of the normalization factor, these states turn out to be gauge-invariant under arbitrary, even topologically non-trivial gauge-transformations. Explicit analytical expressions for the wavefunctionals in the triad representation can be obtained in several interesting asymptotic parameter regimes, and the associated semiclassical 4-geometries are discussed. In restriction to Bianchi-type homogeneous 3-metrics, we compare our results with earlier discussions of homogeneous cosmological models. Moreover, we define an inner product on the Hilbert space of quantum gravity, and choose a natural gauge-condition fixing the time-gauge. With respect to this particular inner product, the Chern-Simons state of quantum gravity turns out to be a non-normalizable wavefunctional.
gr-qc/0603119
Roberto Giambo'
R. Giambo', F. Giannoni, G. Magli
A variational approach to homogeneous scalar fields in General Relativity
null
null
null
null
gr-qc math.FA
null
A result of existence of homogeneous scalar field solutions between prescribed configurations is given, using a modified version of Euler--Maupertuis least action variational principle. Solutions are obtained as limit of approximating variational problems, solved using techniques introduced by Rabinowitz.
[ { "created": "Wed, 29 Mar 2006 15:36:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Giambo'", "R.", "" ], [ "Giannoni", "F.", "" ], [ "Magli", "G.", "" ] ]
A result of existence of homogeneous scalar field solutions between prescribed configurations is given, using a modified version of Euler--Maupertuis least action variational principle. Solutions are obtained as limit of approximating variational problems, solved using techniques introduced by Rabinowitz.
gr-qc/0411083
Sasha Kozyreva v.
L. Bezrukov (1), S. Popov (2), V. Rudenko (2), A. Serdobolskii (2), M. Skvortsov (3) ((1) Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, (2) Sternberg Astronomical Institute of Moscow State University, Moscow, (3) Institute of Laser Physics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk)
Gravitational wave experiments and Baksan project "OGRAN"
14 pages, 5 figures, The talk at the Gamov Memorial International Conference dedicated to 100-th anniversary of George Gamow. Odessa, Ukraine, August 8-14 2004. To be published in the Proceedings (Cambridge Scientific Publications)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A brief sketch of the present status of gravitational wave experiments is given. Attention is concentrated to recent observations with the gravitational detector network. The project OGRAN for a combined optic-interferometrical and acoustical gravitation wave antenna planned for installation into underground facilities of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory is presented. We describe general principles of the apparatus, expected sensitivity and current characteristics of the antenna prototype; some ways for sensitivity improvement are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Nov 2004 19:54:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Bezrukov", "L.", "" ], [ "Popov", "S.", "" ], [ "Rudenko", "V.", "" ], [ "Serdobolskii", "A.", "" ], [ "Skvortsov", "M.", "" ] ]
A brief sketch of the present status of gravitational wave experiments is given. Attention is concentrated to recent observations with the gravitational detector network. The project OGRAN for a combined optic-interferometrical and acoustical gravitation wave antenna planned for installation into underground facilities of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory is presented. We describe general principles of the apparatus, expected sensitivity and current characteristics of the antenna prototype; some ways for sensitivity improvement are also discussed.
1406.2850
Branislav Cvetkovi\'c
M. Blagojevi\'c and B. Cvetkovi\'c
Gravitational waves with torsion in 3D
LaTeX, 15 pages, 4 figures; v2 minor changes
Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014), 044006
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.044006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study gravitational waves with torsion as exact vacuum solutions of three-dimensional gravity with propagating torsion. The new solutions are a natural generalization of the plane-fronted gravitational waves in general relativity with a cosmological constant, in the presence of matter.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Jun 2014 10:24:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 14 Sep 2014 22:24:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-09-16
[ [ "Blagojević", "M.", "" ], [ "Cvetković", "B.", "" ] ]
We study gravitational waves with torsion as exact vacuum solutions of three-dimensional gravity with propagating torsion. The new solutions are a natural generalization of the plane-fronted gravitational waves in general relativity with a cosmological constant, in the presence of matter.
1712.08752
Ben David Normann Mr.
Ben David Normann, Sigbj{\o}rn Hervik, Angelo Ricciardone and Mikjel Thorsrud
Bianchi cosmologies with $p$-form gauge fields
42 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables in text. V2: minor changes, matches the version published in CQG
Class. Quantum Grav. 35 (2018) 095004
10.1088/1361-6382/aab3a7
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper the dynamics of free gauge fields in Bianchi type I-VII$_{h}$ space-times is investigated. The general equations for a matter sector consisting of a $p$-form field strength ($p\,\in\,\{1,3\}$), a cosmological constant ($4$-form) and perfect fluid in Bianchi type I-VII$_{h}$ space-times are computed using the orthonormal frame method. The number of independent components of a $p$-form in all Bianchi types I-IX are derived and, by means of the dynamical systems approach, the behaviour of such fields in Bianchi type I and V are studied. Both a local and a global analysis are performed and strong global results regarding the general behaviour are obtained. New self-similar cosmological solutions appear both in Bianchi type I and Bianchi type V, in particular, a one-parameter family of self-similar solutions,"Wonderland ($\lambda$)" appears generally in type V and in type I for $\lambda=0$. Depending on the value of the equation of state parameter other new stable solutions are also found ("The Rope" and "The Edge") containing a purely spatial field strength that rotates relative to the co-moving inertial tetrad. Using monotone functions, global results are given and the conditions under which exact solutions are (global) attractors are found.
[ { "created": "Sat, 23 Dec 2017 10:37:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Apr 2018 16:40:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-04-10
[ [ "Normann", "Ben David", "" ], [ "Hervik", "Sigbjørn", "" ], [ "Ricciardone", "Angelo", "" ], [ "Thorsrud", "Mikjel", "" ] ]
In this paper the dynamics of free gauge fields in Bianchi type I-VII$_{h}$ space-times is investigated. The general equations for a matter sector consisting of a $p$-form field strength ($p\,\in\,\{1,3\}$), a cosmological constant ($4$-form) and perfect fluid in Bianchi type I-VII$_{h}$ space-times are computed using the orthonormal frame method. The number of independent components of a $p$-form in all Bianchi types I-IX are derived and, by means of the dynamical systems approach, the behaviour of such fields in Bianchi type I and V are studied. Both a local and a global analysis are performed and strong global results regarding the general behaviour are obtained. New self-similar cosmological solutions appear both in Bianchi type I and Bianchi type V, in particular, a one-parameter family of self-similar solutions,"Wonderland ($\lambda$)" appears generally in type V and in type I for $\lambda=0$. Depending on the value of the equation of state parameter other new stable solutions are also found ("The Rope" and "The Edge") containing a purely spatial field strength that rotates relative to the co-moving inertial tetrad. Using monotone functions, global results are given and the conditions under which exact solutions are (global) attractors are found.
gr-qc/0607114
Gamal Nashed G.L.
Gamal G.L Nashed
Reissner-Nordstr\"om anti-de Sitter black holes and energy
1 page Latex. Letter will appear in the European Journal of physics
Eur.Phys.J.C48:303,2006
10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0011-y
null
gr-qc
null
We show that the tetrad field whose metric gives the Reissner-Nordstr\"om anti-de Sitter black holes gives the correct value of energy in M{\o}ller tetrad theory of gravitation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Jul 2006 10:23:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-01-27
[ [ "Nashed", "Gamal G. L", "" ] ]
We show that the tetrad field whose metric gives the Reissner-Nordstr\"om anti-de Sitter black holes gives the correct value of energy in M{\o}ller tetrad theory of gravitation.
2104.00802
Djordje Minic
Laurent Freidel, Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman, Robert G. Leigh and Djordje Minic
Quantum Gravity Phenomenology in the Infrared
10 pages;This paper has been awarded the Second Prize in the 2021 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation (typos corrected)
null
10.1142/S0218271821410029
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum gravity effects are traditionally tied to short distances and high energies. In this essay we argue that, perhaps surprisingly, quantum gravity may have important consequences for the phenomenology of the infrared. We center our discussion around a conception of quantum gravity involving a notion of quantum spacetime that arises in metastring theory. This theory allows for an evolution of a cosmological Universe in which string-dual degrees of freedom decouple as the Universe ages. Importantly such an implementation of quantum gravity allows for the inclusion of a fundamental length scale without introducing the fundamental breaking of Lorentz symmetry. The mechanism seems to have potential for an entirely novel source for dark matter/energy. The simplest observational consequences of this scenario may very well be residual infrared modifications that emerge through the evolution of the Universe.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2021 23:34:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 May 2022 22:31:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-05-19
[ [ "Freidel", "Laurent", "" ], [ "Kowalski-Glikman", "Jerzy", "" ], [ "Leigh", "Robert G.", "" ], [ "Minic", "Djordje", "" ] ]
Quantum gravity effects are traditionally tied to short distances and high energies. In this essay we argue that, perhaps surprisingly, quantum gravity may have important consequences for the phenomenology of the infrared. We center our discussion around a conception of quantum gravity involving a notion of quantum spacetime that arises in metastring theory. This theory allows for an evolution of a cosmological Universe in which string-dual degrees of freedom decouple as the Universe ages. Importantly such an implementation of quantum gravity allows for the inclusion of a fundamental length scale without introducing the fundamental breaking of Lorentz symmetry. The mechanism seems to have potential for an entirely novel source for dark matter/energy. The simplest observational consequences of this scenario may very well be residual infrared modifications that emerge through the evolution of the Universe.
1603.06608
Aaron Levy
Aaron M. Levy and Gustavo Turiaci
Warm Ekpyrosis
10 pages, 5 figures. References added
Phys. Rev. D 94, 083514 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.083514
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a mechanism to generate a nearly scale-invariant spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations about a stable, ekpyrotic background. The key ingredient is a coupling between a single ekpyrotic field and a perfect fluid of ultra-relativistic matter. This coupling introduces a friction term into the equation of motion for the field, opposing the Hubble anti-friction, which can be chosen such that an exactly scale-invariant (or nearly scale-invariant) spectrum of adiabatic density perturbations is continuously produced throughout the ekpyrotic phase. This mechanism eliminates the need for a second (entropic) scalar field and hence any need for introducing a second phase for converting entropic into curvature fluctuations. It also reduces the constraints on the equation of state during the ekpyrotic phase and, thereby, the need for parametric fine-tuning.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Mar 2016 20:45:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Apr 2016 17:34:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-10-19
[ [ "Levy", "Aaron M.", "" ], [ "Turiaci", "Gustavo", "" ] ]
We propose a mechanism to generate a nearly scale-invariant spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations about a stable, ekpyrotic background. The key ingredient is a coupling between a single ekpyrotic field and a perfect fluid of ultra-relativistic matter. This coupling introduces a friction term into the equation of motion for the field, opposing the Hubble anti-friction, which can be chosen such that an exactly scale-invariant (or nearly scale-invariant) spectrum of adiabatic density perturbations is continuously produced throughout the ekpyrotic phase. This mechanism eliminates the need for a second (entropic) scalar field and hence any need for introducing a second phase for converting entropic into curvature fluctuations. It also reduces the constraints on the equation of state during the ekpyrotic phase and, thereby, the need for parametric fine-tuning.
2311.07749
Shant Baghram
Javad Tabatabaei, Abdolali Banihashemi, Shant Baghram, Bahram Mashhoon
Local Limit of Nonlocal Gravity: Cosmological Perturbations
37 pages, 3 figure, 1 table; v2: expanded version accepted for publication in ApJ
Astrophys. J. 965, 116 (2024)
10.3847/1538-4357/ad2e04
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We explore the cosmological implications of the local limit of nonlocal gravity, which is a classical generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation within the framework of teleparallelism. An appropriate solution of this theory is the modified Cartesian flat cosmological model. The main purpose of this paper is to study linear perturbations about the orthonormal tetrad frame field adapted to the standard comoving observers in this model. The observational viability of the perturbed model is examined using all available data regarding the cosmic microwave background. The implications of the linearly perturbed modified Cartesian flat model are examined and it is shown that the model is capable of alleviating the $H_0$ tension.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Nov 2023 21:06:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:49:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-17
[ [ "Tabatabaei", "Javad", "" ], [ "Banihashemi", "Abdolali", "" ], [ "Baghram", "Shant", "" ], [ "Mashhoon", "Bahram", "" ] ]
We explore the cosmological implications of the local limit of nonlocal gravity, which is a classical generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation within the framework of teleparallelism. An appropriate solution of this theory is the modified Cartesian flat cosmological model. The main purpose of this paper is to study linear perturbations about the orthonormal tetrad frame field adapted to the standard comoving observers in this model. The observational viability of the perturbed model is examined using all available data regarding the cosmic microwave background. The implications of the linearly perturbed modified Cartesian flat model are examined and it is shown that the model is capable of alleviating the $H_0$ tension.
1609.04418
Claudio Cremaschini
Claudio Cremaschini and Massimo Tessarotto
Synchronous Lagrangian variational principles in General Relativity
null
The European Physical Journal Plus 130, 123 (2015)
10.1140/epjp/i2015-15123-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The problem of formulating synchronous variational principles in the context of General Relativity is discussed. Based on the analogy with classical relativistic particle dynamics, the existence of variational principles is pointed out in relativistic classical field theory which are either asynchronous or synchronous. The historical Einstein-Hilbert and Palatini variational formulations are found to belong to the first category. Nevertheless, it is shown that an alternative route exists which permits one to cast these principles in terms of equivalent synchronous Lagrangian variational formulations. The advantage is twofold. First, synchronous approaches allow one to overcome the lack of gauge symmetry of the asynchronous principles. Second, the property of manifest covariance of the theory is also restored at all levels, including the symbolic Euler-Lagrange equations, with the variational Lagrangian density being now identified with a $4-$scalar. As an application, a joint synchronous variational principle holding both for the non-vacuum Einstein and Maxwell equations is displayed, with the matter source being described by means of a Vlasov kinetic treatment.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Sep 2016 20:03:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-09-16
[ [ "Cremaschini", "Claudio", "" ], [ "Tessarotto", "Massimo", "" ] ]
The problem of formulating synchronous variational principles in the context of General Relativity is discussed. Based on the analogy with classical relativistic particle dynamics, the existence of variational principles is pointed out in relativistic classical field theory which are either asynchronous or synchronous. The historical Einstein-Hilbert and Palatini variational formulations are found to belong to the first category. Nevertheless, it is shown that an alternative route exists which permits one to cast these principles in terms of equivalent synchronous Lagrangian variational formulations. The advantage is twofold. First, synchronous approaches allow one to overcome the lack of gauge symmetry of the asynchronous principles. Second, the property of manifest covariance of the theory is also restored at all levels, including the symbolic Euler-Lagrange equations, with the variational Lagrangian density being now identified with a $4-$scalar. As an application, a joint synchronous variational principle holding both for the non-vacuum Einstein and Maxwell equations is displayed, with the matter source being described by means of a Vlasov kinetic treatment.
gr-qc/9802034
Mikhail Altaisky
Mikhail V. Altaisky (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research) and B.G.Sidharth (B.M.Birla Science Centre)
p-Adic physics below and above Planck scales
8 pages, RevTeX, 2 encapsulated postscript figures, Invited paper to appear in the special issue of the Journal of Chaos, Solitons and Fractals on : "Superstrings, M, F, S ...Theory" M. S. El Naschie, C. Castro, Editors
null
10.1016/S0960-0779(98)00089-7
BSC-CAMCS-98-01-01
gr-qc
null
We present a rewiew and also new possible applications of $p$-adic numbers to pre-spacetime physics. It is shown that instead of the extension $R^n\to Q_p^n$, which is usually implied in $p$-adic quantum field theory, it is possible to build a model based on the $R^n\to Q_p$, where p=n+2 extension and get rid of loop divergences. It is also shown that the concept of mass naturally arises in $p$-adic models as inverse transition probability with a dimensional constant of proportionality.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Feb 1998 10:35:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Altaisky", "Mikhail V.", "", "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research" ], [ "Sidharth", "B. G.", "", "B.M.Birla Science Centre" ] ]
We present a rewiew and also new possible applications of $p$-adic numbers to pre-spacetime physics. It is shown that instead of the extension $R^n\to Q_p^n$, which is usually implied in $p$-adic quantum field theory, it is possible to build a model based on the $R^n\to Q_p$, where p=n+2 extension and get rid of loop divergences. It is also shown that the concept of mass naturally arises in $p$-adic models as inverse transition probability with a dimensional constant of proportionality.
gr-qc/0107082
Jeremy D. Schnittman
Jeremy D. Schnittman and Frederic A. Rasio
Ruling Out Chaos in Compact Binary Systems
8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Phys.Rev.Lett. 87 (2001) 121101
10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.121101
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We investigate the orbits of compact binary systems during the final inspiral period before coalescence by integrating numerically the second-order post-Newtonian equations of motion. We include spin-orbit and spin-spin coupling terms, which, according to a recent study by Levin [J. Levin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3515 (2000)], may cause the orbits to become chaotic. To examine this claim, we study the divergence of initially nearby phase-space trajectories and attempt to measure the Lyapunov exponent gamma. Even for systems with maximally spinning objects and large spin-orbit misalignment angles, we find no chaotic behavior. For all the systems we consider, we can place a strict lower limit on the divergence time t_L=1/gamma that is many times greater than the typical inspiral time, suggesting that chaos should not adversely affect the detection of inspiral events by upcoming gravitational-wave detectors.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:58:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Schnittman", "Jeremy D.", "" ], [ "Rasio", "Frederic A.", "" ] ]
We investigate the orbits of compact binary systems during the final inspiral period before coalescence by integrating numerically the second-order post-Newtonian equations of motion. We include spin-orbit and spin-spin coupling terms, which, according to a recent study by Levin [J. Levin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3515 (2000)], may cause the orbits to become chaotic. To examine this claim, we study the divergence of initially nearby phase-space trajectories and attempt to measure the Lyapunov exponent gamma. Even for systems with maximally spinning objects and large spin-orbit misalignment angles, we find no chaotic behavior. For all the systems we consider, we can place a strict lower limit on the divergence time t_L=1/gamma that is many times greater than the typical inspiral time, suggesting that chaos should not adversely affect the detection of inspiral events by upcoming gravitational-wave detectors.
1601.01265
Sarita Rani
J. K. Singh, Sarita Rani
The Bianchi type-V Dark Energy Cosmology in Self Interacting Brans Dicke Theory of Gravity
17 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1206.0391 by other authors
null
10.1134/S0040577917120121
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper deals with a spatially homogeneous and totally anisotropic Bianchi type-V cosmological model within the framework of self interacting Brans Dicke theory of gravity in the background of anisotropic dark energy (DE) with variable equation of state (EoS) parameter and constant deceleration parameter. Constant deceleration parameter leads to two models of universe, i.e. power law model and exponential model. EoS parameter {\omega} and its existing range for the models is in good agreement with the most recent observational data. We notice that {\omega} given by (37) i.e {\omega}(t) = log(k1t) is more suitable in explaining the evolution of the universe. The physical behaviors of the solutions have also been discussed using some physical quantities. Finally, we observe that despite having several prominent features, both of the DE models discussed fail in details.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Jan 2016 10:11:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-02-14
[ [ "Singh", "J. K.", "" ], [ "Rani", "Sarita", "" ] ]
This paper deals with a spatially homogeneous and totally anisotropic Bianchi type-V cosmological model within the framework of self interacting Brans Dicke theory of gravity in the background of anisotropic dark energy (DE) with variable equation of state (EoS) parameter and constant deceleration parameter. Constant deceleration parameter leads to two models of universe, i.e. power law model and exponential model. EoS parameter {\omega} and its existing range for the models is in good agreement with the most recent observational data. We notice that {\omega} given by (37) i.e {\omega}(t) = log(k1t) is more suitable in explaining the evolution of the universe. The physical behaviors of the solutions have also been discussed using some physical quantities. Finally, we observe that despite having several prominent features, both of the DE models discussed fail in details.
2302.12739
Adam Bac
Adam Bac, Wojciech Kami\'nski, Jerzy Lewandowski, Michalina Broda
Symplectic charges in the Yang-Mills theory of the normal conformal Cartan connection: applications to gravity
29 pages, 0 figures
Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 024009
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.024009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is known that a source-free Yang-Mills theory with the normal conformal Cartan connection used as the gauge potential gives rise to equations of motion equivalent to the vanishing of the Bach tensor. We investigate the conformally invariant presymplectic potential current obtained from this theory and find that on the solutions to the Einstein field equations, it can be decomposed into a topological term derived from the Euler density and a part proportional to the potential of the standard Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. The pullback of our potential to the asymptotic boundary of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes turns out to coincide with the current obtained from the holographically renormalized gravitational action. This provides an alternative derivation of a symplectic structure on scri without resorting to holographic techniques. We also calculate our current at the null infinity of asymptotically flat spacetimes and in particular show that it vanishes for variations induced by the BMS symmetries. In addition, we calculate the Noether currents and charges corresponding to gauge transformations and diffeomorphisms.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Feb 2023 16:50:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 4 Mar 2023 09:13:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 30 Jul 2023 16:26:47 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-08-01
[ [ "Bac", "Adam", "" ], [ "Kamiński", "Wojciech", "" ], [ "Lewandowski", "Jerzy", "" ], [ "Broda", "Michalina", "" ] ]
It is known that a source-free Yang-Mills theory with the normal conformal Cartan connection used as the gauge potential gives rise to equations of motion equivalent to the vanishing of the Bach tensor. We investigate the conformally invariant presymplectic potential current obtained from this theory and find that on the solutions to the Einstein field equations, it can be decomposed into a topological term derived from the Euler density and a part proportional to the potential of the standard Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. The pullback of our potential to the asymptotic boundary of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes turns out to coincide with the current obtained from the holographically renormalized gravitational action. This provides an alternative derivation of a symplectic structure on scri without resorting to holographic techniques. We also calculate our current at the null infinity of asymptotically flat spacetimes and in particular show that it vanishes for variations induced by the BMS symmetries. In addition, we calculate the Noether currents and charges corresponding to gauge transformations and diffeomorphisms.
gr-qc/0508075
Dr. Bikash Chandra Paul
Dilip Paul and Bikash Chandra Paul (North Bengal University)
Probability for Primordial Black Holes Pair in 1/R Gravity
15 pages, no figure. submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 064012
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.064012
null
gr-qc
null
The probability for quantum creation of an inflationary universe with a pair of black holes in 1/R - gravitational theory has been studied. Considering a gravitational action which includes a cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) in addition to $ \delta R^{- 1} $ term, the probability has been evaluated in a semiclassical approximation with Hartle-Hawking boundary condition. We obtain instanton solutions determined by the parameters $\delta$ and $\Lambda$ satisfying the constraint $ \delta \leq \frac{4 \Lambda^{2}}{3}$. However, we note that two different classes of instanton solutions exists in the region $0 < \delta < \frac{4 \Lambda^{2}}{3}$. The probabilities of creation of such configurations are evaluated. It is found that the probability of creation of a universe with a pair of black holes is strongly suppressed with a positive cosmological constant except in one case when $0 < \delta < \Lambda^{2}$. It is also found that gravitational instanton solution is permitted even with $\Lambda = 0$ but one has to consider $\delta < 0$. However, in the later case a universe with a pair of black holes is less probable.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Aug 2005 10:53:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Paul", "Dilip", "", "North Bengal University" ], [ "Paul", "Bikash Chandra", "", "North Bengal University" ] ]
The probability for quantum creation of an inflationary universe with a pair of black holes in 1/R - gravitational theory has been studied. Considering a gravitational action which includes a cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) in addition to $ \delta R^{- 1} $ term, the probability has been evaluated in a semiclassical approximation with Hartle-Hawking boundary condition. We obtain instanton solutions determined by the parameters $\delta$ and $\Lambda$ satisfying the constraint $ \delta \leq \frac{4 \Lambda^{2}}{3}$. However, we note that two different classes of instanton solutions exists in the region $0 < \delta < \frac{4 \Lambda^{2}}{3}$. The probabilities of creation of such configurations are evaluated. It is found that the probability of creation of a universe with a pair of black holes is strongly suppressed with a positive cosmological constant except in one case when $0 < \delta < \Lambda^{2}$. It is also found that gravitational instanton solution is permitted even with $\Lambda = 0$ but one has to consider $\delta < 0$. However, in the later case a universe with a pair of black holes is less probable.
1305.6759
Paolo Pani
Paolo Pani
Advanced Methods in Black-Hole Perturbation Theory
Lecture notes from the NRHEP spring school held at IST-Lisbon, March 2013. Extra material and notebooks available online at http://blackholes.ist.utl.pt/nrhep2/. To be published by IJMPA (V. Cardoso, L. Gualtieri, C. Herdeiro and U. Sperhake, Eds., 2013); v2: references updated, published version
International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 28 (2013) 1340018
10.1142/S0217751X13400186
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Black-hole perturbation theory is a useful tool to investigate issues in astrophysics, high-energy physics, and fundamental problems in gravity. It is often complementary to fully-fledged nonlinear evolutions and instrumental to interpret some results of numerical simulations. Several modern applications require advanced tools to investigate the linear dynamics of generic small perturbations around stationary black holes. Here, we present an overview of these applications and introduce extensions of the standard semianalytical methods to construct and solve the linearized field equations in curved spacetime. Current state-of-the-art techniques are pedagogically explained and exciting open problems are presented.
[ { "created": "Wed, 29 May 2013 11:10:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Sep 2013 11:05:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-09-10
[ [ "Pani", "Paolo", "" ] ]
Black-hole perturbation theory is a useful tool to investigate issues in astrophysics, high-energy physics, and fundamental problems in gravity. It is often complementary to fully-fledged nonlinear evolutions and instrumental to interpret some results of numerical simulations. Several modern applications require advanced tools to investigate the linear dynamics of generic small perturbations around stationary black holes. Here, we present an overview of these applications and introduce extensions of the standard semianalytical methods to construct and solve the linearized field equations in curved spacetime. Current state-of-the-art techniques are pedagogically explained and exciting open problems are presented.
0808.1709
Dong-han Yeom
Sungwook E. Hong, Dong-il Hwang, Ewan D. Stewart, Dong-han Yeom
The causal structure of dynamical charged black holes
23 pages, 23 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.27:045014,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/4/045014
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the causal structure of dynamical charged black holes, with a sufficient number of massless fields, using numerical simulations. Neglecting Hawking radiation, the inner horizon is a null Cauchy horizon and a curvature singularity due to mass inflation. When we include Hawking radiation, the inner horizon becomes space-like and is separated from the Cauchy horizon, which is parallel to the out-going null direction. Since a charged black hole must eventually transit to a neutral black hole, we studied the neutralization of the black hole and observed that the inner horizon evolves into a space-like singularity, generating a Cauchy horizon which is parallel to the in-going null direction. Since the mass function is finite around the inner horizon, the inner horizon is regular and penetrable in a general relativistic sense. However, since the curvature functions become trans-Planckian, we cannot saymore about the region beyond the inner horizon, and it is natural to say that there is a 'physical' space-like singularity. However, if we assume an exponentially large number of massless scalar fields, our results can be extended beyond the inner horizon. In this case, strong cosmic censorship and black hole complementarity can be violated.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Aug 2008 19:44:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 6 Nov 2009 06:53:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 30 Jan 2010 17:10:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-11-18
[ [ "Hong", "Sungwook E.", "" ], [ "Hwang", "Dong-il", "" ], [ "Stewart", "Ewan D.", "" ], [ "Yeom", "Dong-han", "" ] ]
We study the causal structure of dynamical charged black holes, with a sufficient number of massless fields, using numerical simulations. Neglecting Hawking radiation, the inner horizon is a null Cauchy horizon and a curvature singularity due to mass inflation. When we include Hawking radiation, the inner horizon becomes space-like and is separated from the Cauchy horizon, which is parallel to the out-going null direction. Since a charged black hole must eventually transit to a neutral black hole, we studied the neutralization of the black hole and observed that the inner horizon evolves into a space-like singularity, generating a Cauchy horizon which is parallel to the in-going null direction. Since the mass function is finite around the inner horizon, the inner horizon is regular and penetrable in a general relativistic sense. However, since the curvature functions become trans-Planckian, we cannot saymore about the region beyond the inner horizon, and it is natural to say that there is a 'physical' space-like singularity. However, if we assume an exponentially large number of massless scalar fields, our results can be extended beyond the inner horizon. In this case, strong cosmic censorship and black hole complementarity can be violated.
gr-qc/0412029
Glenn Barnich
G. Barnich and G.Compere
Generalized Smarr relation for Kerr AdS black holes from improved surface integrals
21 pages Latex file, 1 figure; discussion on integrability rectified, typo in (2.14) corrected
Phys.Rev.D71:044016,2005; Erratum-ibid.D71:029904,2006
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.044016 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.029904
ULB-TH/04-31
gr-qc hep-th
null
By using suitably improved surface integrals, we give a unified geometric derivation of the generalized Smarr relation for higher dimensional Kerr black holes which is valid both in flat and in anti-de Sitter backgrounds. The improvement of the surface integrals, which allows one to use them simultaneously at infinity and on the horizon, consists in integrating them along a path in solution space. Path independence of the improved charges is discussed and explicitly proved for the higher dimensional Kerr AdS black holes. It is also shown that the charges for these black holes can be correctly computed from the standard Hamiltonian or Lagrangian surface integrals.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Dec 2004 12:39:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 13 Dec 2005 16:44:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Barnich", "G.", "" ], [ "Compere", "G.", "" ] ]
By using suitably improved surface integrals, we give a unified geometric derivation of the generalized Smarr relation for higher dimensional Kerr black holes which is valid both in flat and in anti-de Sitter backgrounds. The improvement of the surface integrals, which allows one to use them simultaneously at infinity and on the horizon, consists in integrating them along a path in solution space. Path independence of the improved charges is discussed and explicitly proved for the higher dimensional Kerr AdS black holes. It is also shown that the charges for these black holes can be correctly computed from the standard Hamiltonian or Lagrangian surface integrals.
1208.3376
Nan Li
Nan Li, Thomas Buchert, Akio Hosoya, Masaaki Morita, Dominik J. Schwarz
Relative information entropy and Weyl curvature of the inhomogeneous Universe
8 pages, matches the published version in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev.D86: 083539,2012
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.083539
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Penrose conjectured a connection between entropy and Weyl curvature of the Universe. This is plausible, as the almost homogeneous and isotropic Universe at the onset of structure formation has negligible Weyl curvature, which then grows (relative to the Ricci curvature) due to the formation of large-scale structure and thus reminds us of the second law of thermodynamics. We study two scalar measures to quantify the deviations from a homogeneous and isotropic space-time, the relative information entropy and a Weyl tensor invariant, and show their relation to the averaging problem. We calculate these two quantities up to second order in standard cosmological perturbation theory and find that they are correlated and can be linked via the kinematic backreaction of a spatially averaged universe model.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Aug 2012 14:08:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Dec 2012 00:54:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-06-13
[ [ "Li", "Nan", "" ], [ "Buchert", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Hosoya", "Akio", "" ], [ "Morita", "Masaaki", "" ], [ "Schwarz", "Dominik J.", "" ] ]
Penrose conjectured a connection between entropy and Weyl curvature of the Universe. This is plausible, as the almost homogeneous and isotropic Universe at the onset of structure formation has negligible Weyl curvature, which then grows (relative to the Ricci curvature) due to the formation of large-scale structure and thus reminds us of the second law of thermodynamics. We study two scalar measures to quantify the deviations from a homogeneous and isotropic space-time, the relative information entropy and a Weyl tensor invariant, and show their relation to the averaging problem. We calculate these two quantities up to second order in standard cosmological perturbation theory and find that they are correlated and can be linked via the kinematic backreaction of a spatially averaged universe model.
gr-qc/9309002
Steve Carlip
Steven Carlip
Notes on the (2+1)-Dimensional Wheeler-DeWitt Equation
11 pages, LaTeX, UCD-93-25 and NSF-ITP-93-115
Class.Quant.Grav.11:31-40,1994
10.1088/0264-9381/11/1/007
null
gr-qc
null
In contrast to other approaches to (2+1)-dimensional quantum gravity, the Wheeler-DeWitt equation appears to be too complicated to solve explicitly, even for simple spacetime topologies. Nevertheless, it is possible to obtain a good deal of information about solutions and their interpretation. In particular, strong evidence is presented that Wheeler-DeWitt quantization is not equivalent to reduced phase space quantization.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Sep 1993 01:01:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-28
[ [ "Carlip", "Steven", "" ] ]
In contrast to other approaches to (2+1)-dimensional quantum gravity, the Wheeler-DeWitt equation appears to be too complicated to solve explicitly, even for simple spacetime topologies. Nevertheless, it is possible to obtain a good deal of information about solutions and their interpretation. In particular, strong evidence is presented that Wheeler-DeWitt quantization is not equivalent to reduced phase space quantization.
1607.07461
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Peter K. F. Kuhfittig
Stable phantom-energy wormholes admitting conformal motions
8 pages, no figures
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, Vol. 26, 1750025, 2017
10.1142/S0218271817500250
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been argued that wormholes are as good a prediction of Einstein's theory as black holes but the theoretical construction requires a reverse strategy, specifying the desired geometric properties of the wormhole and leaving open the determination of the stress-energy tensor. We begin by confirming an earlier result by the author showing that a complete wormhole solution can be obtained by adopting the equation of state $p=\omega\rho$ and assuming that the wormhole admits a one-parameter group of conformal motions. The main purpose of this paper is to use the assumption of conformal symmetry to show that the wormhole is stable to linearized radial perturbations whenever $-1.5<\omega <-1$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Jul 2016 20:14:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Aug 2016 17:17:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-02-15
[ [ "Kuhfittig", "Peter K. F.", "" ] ]
It has been argued that wormholes are as good a prediction of Einstein's theory as black holes but the theoretical construction requires a reverse strategy, specifying the desired geometric properties of the wormhole and leaving open the determination of the stress-energy tensor. We begin by confirming an earlier result by the author showing that a complete wormhole solution can be obtained by adopting the equation of state $p=\omega\rho$ and assuming that the wormhole admits a one-parameter group of conformal motions. The main purpose of this paper is to use the assumption of conformal symmetry to show that the wormhole is stable to linearized radial perturbations whenever $-1.5<\omega <-1$.
1707.02817
Reza Saffari
Sara Rezvanjou, Reza Saffari, Mozhgan Masoudi and Saheb Soroushfar
Particle Dynamics Around the Black String
38 pages, 33 figures, Accepted for Publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ab9934
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, some dynamical properties of neutral and charged particles around a weakly magnetized five-dimensional static black string have been studied. The perturbation method was also used to calculate the Innermost Stable Circular Orbit (ISCO) of this metric in the presence of a magnetic field. The escape velocity of neutral and charged particles around the black string was derived. In the next step, the analytical solutions of the equations of motion were discussed and some possible orbits for particles in the black string space-time were plotted. Interestingly, it was found that adding an extra dimension has a slight influence on the effective potential and one term of the effective force. The magnitude of the new constant of motion $(J)$ affects both the shape of the potential and existence of the stable circular orbits. In conclusion, by comparing a black hole and a black string, it is realized that the value of a new constant of motion causes slight but interesting differences.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Jul 2017 12:09:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 28 Aug 2017 07:37:31 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Jan 2018 19:34:36 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Feb 2018 08:58:58 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Sat, 21 Sep 2019 17:32:24 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Jun 2020 06:35:47 GMT", "version": "v6" } ]
2020-06-09
[ [ "Rezvanjou", "Sara", "" ], [ "Saffari", "Reza", "" ], [ "Masoudi", "Mozhgan", "" ], [ "Soroushfar", "Saheb", "" ] ]
In this paper, some dynamical properties of neutral and charged particles around a weakly magnetized five-dimensional static black string have been studied. The perturbation method was also used to calculate the Innermost Stable Circular Orbit (ISCO) of this metric in the presence of a magnetic field. The escape velocity of neutral and charged particles around the black string was derived. In the next step, the analytical solutions of the equations of motion were discussed and some possible orbits for particles in the black string space-time were plotted. Interestingly, it was found that adding an extra dimension has a slight influence on the effective potential and one term of the effective force. The magnitude of the new constant of motion $(J)$ affects both the shape of the potential and existence of the stable circular orbits. In conclusion, by comparing a black hole and a black string, it is realized that the value of a new constant of motion causes slight but interesting differences.
1809.03303
Pardyumn Kumar Sahoo
P.K. Sahoo, P.H.R.S. Moraes, Parbati Sahoo, Binaya K. Bishi
$f(R,T)=f(R)+\lambda T$ gravity models as alternatives to cosmic acceleration
11 pages, 20 figures, Accepted version in EPJ C
Eur. Phys. J. C (2018) 78:736
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6211-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This article presents cosmological models that arise in a subclass of $f(R,T)=f(R)+f(T)$ gravity models, with different $f(R)$ functions and fixed $T$-dependence. That is, the gravitational lagrangian is considered as $f(R,T)=f(R)+\lambda T$, with constant $\lambda$. Here $R$ and $T$ represent the Ricci scalar and trace of the stress-energy tensor, respectively. The modified gravitational field equations are obtained through the metric formalism for the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker metric with signature $(+,-,-,-)$. We work with $f(R)=R+\alpha R^2-\frac{\mu^4}{R}$, $f(R)=R+k\ln(\gamma R)$ and $f(R)=R+me^{[-nR]}$, with $\alpha, \mu, k, \gamma, m$ and $n$ all free parameters, which lead to three different cosmological models for our Universe. For the choice of $\lambda=0$, this reduces to widely discussed $f(R)$ gravity models. This manuscript clearly describes the effects of adding the trace of the energy-momentum tensor in the $f(R)$ lagrangian. The exact solution of the modified field equations are obtained under the hybrid expansion law. Also we present the Om diagnostic analysis for the discussed models.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Sep 2018 14:09:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-09-18
[ [ "Sahoo", "P. K.", "" ], [ "Moraes", "P. H. R. S.", "" ], [ "Sahoo", "Parbati", "" ], [ "Bishi", "Binaya K.", "" ] ]
This article presents cosmological models that arise in a subclass of $f(R,T)=f(R)+f(T)$ gravity models, with different $f(R)$ functions and fixed $T$-dependence. That is, the gravitational lagrangian is considered as $f(R,T)=f(R)+\lambda T$, with constant $\lambda$. Here $R$ and $T$ represent the Ricci scalar and trace of the stress-energy tensor, respectively. The modified gravitational field equations are obtained through the metric formalism for the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker metric with signature $(+,-,-,-)$. We work with $f(R)=R+\alpha R^2-\frac{\mu^4}{R}$, $f(R)=R+k\ln(\gamma R)$ and $f(R)=R+me^{[-nR]}$, with $\alpha, \mu, k, \gamma, m$ and $n$ all free parameters, which lead to three different cosmological models for our Universe. For the choice of $\lambda=0$, this reduces to widely discussed $f(R)$ gravity models. This manuscript clearly describes the effects of adding the trace of the energy-momentum tensor in the $f(R)$ lagrangian. The exact solution of the modified field equations are obtained under the hybrid expansion law. Also we present the Om diagnostic analysis for the discussed models.
gr-qc/0301129
Gerard Clement
Gerard Clement
Black hole mass and angular momentum in 2+1 gravity
23 pages, 3 references added, to be published in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 024032
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.024032
LAPTH-962/03
gr-qc hep-th
null
We propose a new definition for the mass and angular momentum of neutral or electrically charged black holes in 2+1 gravity with two Killing vectors. These finite conserved quantities, associated with the SL(2,R) invariance of the reduced mechanical system, are shown to be identical to the quasilocal conserved quantities for an improved gravitational action corresponding to mixed boundary conditions. They obey a general Smarr-like formula and, in all cases investigated, are consistent with the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Our framework is applied to the computation of the mass and angular momentum of black hole solutions to several field-theoretical models.
[ { "created": "Fri, 31 Jan 2003 15:46:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 Feb 2003 15:14:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Jun 2003 08:23:18 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Clement", "Gerard", "" ] ]
We propose a new definition for the mass and angular momentum of neutral or electrically charged black holes in 2+1 gravity with two Killing vectors. These finite conserved quantities, associated with the SL(2,R) invariance of the reduced mechanical system, are shown to be identical to the quasilocal conserved quantities for an improved gravitational action corresponding to mixed boundary conditions. They obey a general Smarr-like formula and, in all cases investigated, are consistent with the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Our framework is applied to the computation of the mass and angular momentum of black hole solutions to several field-theoretical models.
gr-qc/0504024
Wu Ning
Ning Wu
Non-Relativistic Limit of Dirac Equations in Gravitational Field and Quantum Effects of Gravity
12 pages, no figure
Commun.Theor.Phys.45:452-456,2006
10.1088/0253-6102/45/3/016
null
gr-qc
null
Based on unified theory of electromagnetic interactions and gravitational interactions, the non-relativistic limit of the equation of motion of a charged Dirac particle in gravitational field is studied. From the Schrodinger equation obtained from this non-relativistic limit, we could see that the classical Newtonian gravitational potential appears as a part of the potential in the Schrodinger equation, which can explain the gravitational phase effects found in COW experiments. And because of this Newtonian gravitational potential, a quantum particle in earth's gravitational field may form a gravitationally bound quantized state, which had already been detected in experiments. Three different kinds of phase effects related to gravitational interactions are discussed in this paper, and these phase effects should be observable in some astrophysical processes. Besides, there exists direct coupling between gravitomagnetic field and quantum spin, radiation caused by this coupling can be used to directly determine the gravitomagnetic field on the surface of a star.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Apr 2005 14:48:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 23 Apr 2005 15:02:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Wu", "Ning", "" ] ]
Based on unified theory of electromagnetic interactions and gravitational interactions, the non-relativistic limit of the equation of motion of a charged Dirac particle in gravitational field is studied. From the Schrodinger equation obtained from this non-relativistic limit, we could see that the classical Newtonian gravitational potential appears as a part of the potential in the Schrodinger equation, which can explain the gravitational phase effects found in COW experiments. And because of this Newtonian gravitational potential, a quantum particle in earth's gravitational field may form a gravitationally bound quantized state, which had already been detected in experiments. Three different kinds of phase effects related to gravitational interactions are discussed in this paper, and these phase effects should be observable in some astrophysical processes. Besides, there exists direct coupling between gravitomagnetic field and quantum spin, radiation caused by this coupling can be used to directly determine the gravitomagnetic field on the surface of a star.
2006.03581
William Barker Mr
W. E. V. Barker, A. N. Lasenby, M. P. Hobson, W. J. Handley
Mapping Poincar\'{e} gauge cosmology to Horndeski theory for emergent dark energy
11 pages, 2 figures. Results previously presented at DAMTP on 14/02/20. Added substantial introduction to Poincar\'e gauge theory and its perturbative renormalisability. Added various references. Incorporated supplemental material into main text (previously hosted on GitHub). Titular change. Results unaffected. Accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 102, 084002 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.084002
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The ten-parameter, quadratic Poincar\'e gauge theory of gravity is a plausible alternative to general relativity. We show that the rich background cosmology of the gauge theory is described by a non-canonical bi-scalar-tensor theory in the Jordan frame: the `metrical analogue'. This provides a unified framework for future investigation by the broader community. For many parameter choices, the non-canonical term reduces to a Cuscuton field of the form $\smash{\sqrt{|X^{\phi\phi}|}}$. The Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama theory maps to a pure quadratic Cuscuton, whereas the teleparallel theory maps to the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. We apply the metrical analogue to novel unitary and power-counting-renormalisable cases of Poincar\'e gauge theory. These theories support the concordance $\Lambda$CDM background cosmology up to an optional, effective dark radiation component, we explain this behaviour in terms of a stalled Cuscuton. We also obtain two dark energy solutions from one of these cases: accelerated expansion from a negative bare cosmological constant whose magnitude is screened, and emergent dark energy to replace vanishing bare cosmological constant in $\Lambda$CDM.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Jun 2020 17:54:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Sep 2020 14:11:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-10-07
[ [ "Barker", "W. E. V.", "" ], [ "Lasenby", "A. N.", "" ], [ "Hobson", "M. P.", "" ], [ "Handley", "W. J.", "" ] ]
The ten-parameter, quadratic Poincar\'e gauge theory of gravity is a plausible alternative to general relativity. We show that the rich background cosmology of the gauge theory is described by a non-canonical bi-scalar-tensor theory in the Jordan frame: the `metrical analogue'. This provides a unified framework for future investigation by the broader community. For many parameter choices, the non-canonical term reduces to a Cuscuton field of the form $\smash{\sqrt{|X^{\phi\phi}|}}$. The Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama theory maps to a pure quadratic Cuscuton, whereas the teleparallel theory maps to the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. We apply the metrical analogue to novel unitary and power-counting-renormalisable cases of Poincar\'e gauge theory. These theories support the concordance $\Lambda$CDM background cosmology up to an optional, effective dark radiation component, we explain this behaviour in terms of a stalled Cuscuton. We also obtain two dark energy solutions from one of these cases: accelerated expansion from a negative bare cosmological constant whose magnitude is screened, and emergent dark energy to replace vanishing bare cosmological constant in $\Lambda$CDM.
0812.1081
Joel Saavedra
Sergio del Campo, Ramon Herrera and Joel Saavedra
Tachyon warm inflationary universe model in the weak dissipative regime
9 pages, accepted by European Physical Journal C
Eur.Phys.J.C59:913-916,2009
10.1140/epjc/s10052-008-0848-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Warm inflationary universe model in a tachyon field theory is studied in the weak dissipative regime. We develop our model for an exponential potential and the dissipation parameter $\Gamma=\Gamma_0$=constant. We describe scalar and tensor perturbations for this scenario.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Dec 2008 15:34:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-12-04
[ [ "del Campo", "Sergio", "" ], [ "Herrera", "Ramon", "" ], [ "Saavedra", "Joel", "" ] ]
Warm inflationary universe model in a tachyon field theory is studied in the weak dissipative regime. We develop our model for an exponential potential and the dissipation parameter $\Gamma=\Gamma_0$=constant. We describe scalar and tensor perturbations for this scenario.
2212.13802
F\'elix-Louis Juli\'e
F\'elix-Louis Juli\'e, Vishal Baibhav, Emanuele Berti, Alessandra Buonanno
Third post-Newtonian effective-one-body Hamiltonian in scalar-tensor and Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Minor changes to match published version. Results unchanged
Phys. Rev. D 107, 104044 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.104044
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We build an effective-one-body (EOB) Hamiltonian at third post-Newtonian (3PN) order in scalar-tensor (ST) and Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) theories of gravity. The latter is an extension of general relativity that predicts scalar hair for black holes. We start from the known two-body Lagrangian at 3PN order, and use order-reduction methods to construct its ordinary Hamiltonian counterpart. We then reduce the conservative two-body dynamics to the (nongeodesic) motion of a test particle in an effective metric by means of canonical transformations. The resulting EOB Hamiltonian is a modification of the general relativistic Hamiltonian, and already at 3PN order, it must account for nonlocal-in-time tail contributions. We include the latter beyond circular orbits and up to sixth order in the binary's orbital eccentricity. We finally calculate the orbital frequency at the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) of binary black holes in the shift-symmetric ESGB model. Our work extends F.L. Juli\'e and N. Deruelle [Phys. Rev. D 95, 124054 (2017)], and it is an essential step toward the accurate modeling of gravitational waveforms beyond general relativity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Dec 2022 12:48:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Jun 2023 20:25:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-06-08
[ [ "Julié", "Félix-Louis", "" ], [ "Baibhav", "Vishal", "" ], [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ] ]
We build an effective-one-body (EOB) Hamiltonian at third post-Newtonian (3PN) order in scalar-tensor (ST) and Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) theories of gravity. The latter is an extension of general relativity that predicts scalar hair for black holes. We start from the known two-body Lagrangian at 3PN order, and use order-reduction methods to construct its ordinary Hamiltonian counterpart. We then reduce the conservative two-body dynamics to the (nongeodesic) motion of a test particle in an effective metric by means of canonical transformations. The resulting EOB Hamiltonian is a modification of the general relativistic Hamiltonian, and already at 3PN order, it must account for nonlocal-in-time tail contributions. We include the latter beyond circular orbits and up to sixth order in the binary's orbital eccentricity. We finally calculate the orbital frequency at the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) of binary black holes in the shift-symmetric ESGB model. Our work extends F.L. Juli\'e and N. Deruelle [Phys. Rev. D 95, 124054 (2017)], and it is an essential step toward the accurate modeling of gravitational waveforms beyond general relativity.
0810.2006
Mohammad Nouri-Zonoz
H. Miraghaei and M. Nouri-Zonoz
Classical tests of general relativity in the Newtonian limit of Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime
12 pages, Revtex, 1 figure
Gen.Rel.Grav.42:2947-2956,2010
10.1007/s10714-010-1052-y
IPM/A-2008/001
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently it has been shown that despite previous claims the cosmological constant affects light bending. In the present article we study light bending and the advance of Mercury's perihelion in the context of the Newtonian limit of Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime employing the special relativistic equivalence of mass and energy. In both cases, up to a constant factor, we find the same results as in the full general relativistic treatment of the same phenomena. These approximate and intuitive arguments demonstrate clearly what effects should have been expected from the presence of $\Lambda$ in the general relativistic treatment of these phenomena.
[ { "created": "Sat, 11 Oct 2008 06:54:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Nov 2008 13:43:37 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 3 Dec 2008 08:16:17 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Jan 2009 11:06:25 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Sat, 4 Jul 2009 12:39:41 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2010-11-09
[ [ "Miraghaei", "H.", "" ], [ "Nouri-Zonoz", "M.", "" ] ]
Recently it has been shown that despite previous claims the cosmological constant affects light bending. In the present article we study light bending and the advance of Mercury's perihelion in the context of the Newtonian limit of Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime employing the special relativistic equivalence of mass and energy. In both cases, up to a constant factor, we find the same results as in the full general relativistic treatment of the same phenomena. These approximate and intuitive arguments demonstrate clearly what effects should have been expected from the presence of $\Lambda$ in the general relativistic treatment of these phenomena.
1611.05766
Mariafelicia De Laurentis Professor
Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Oliver Porth, Luke Bovard, Bobomurat Ahmedov, Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov
Constraining alternative theories of gravity using GW$150914$ and GW$151226$
11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0412088 by other authors
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.124038
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The recently reported gravitational wave events GW$150914$ and GW$151226$ caused by the mergers of binary black holes [arXiv:1602.03841],[arXiv:1606.04855],[arXiv:1606.04856] provide a formidable way to set constraints on alternative metric theories of gravity in the strong field regime. In this paper, we develop an approach where an arbitrary theory of gravity can be parametrised by an effective coupling $G_{eff}$ and an effective gravitational potential $\Phi(r)$. The standard Newtonian limit of General Relativity is recovered as soon as $G_{eff}\rightarrow G_N$ and $\Phi(r)\rightarrow \Phi_{N}$. The upper bound on the graviton mass and the gravitational interaction length, reported by the LIGO-VIRGO collaboration, can be directly recast in terms of the parameters of the theory which allows an analysis where the gravitational wave frequency modulation sets constraints on the range of possible alternative models of gravity. Numerical results based on published parameters for the binary black hole mergers are also reported. Comparison of the observed phase of the GW$150914$ and GW$151226$ with the modulated phase in alternative theories of gravity does not give reasonable constraints due the large uncertainties in the estimated parameters for the coalescing black holes. In addition to these general considerations, we obtain limits for the frequency dependence of the $\alpha$ parameter in scalar tensor theories of gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Nov 2016 16:23:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-02-01
[ [ "De Laurentis", "Mariafelicia", "" ], [ "Porth", "Oliver", "" ], [ "Bovard", "Luke", "" ], [ "Ahmedov", "Bobomurat", "" ], [ "Abdujabbarov", "Ahmadjon", "" ] ]
The recently reported gravitational wave events GW$150914$ and GW$151226$ caused by the mergers of binary black holes [arXiv:1602.03841],[arXiv:1606.04855],[arXiv:1606.04856] provide a formidable way to set constraints on alternative metric theories of gravity in the strong field regime. In this paper, we develop an approach where an arbitrary theory of gravity can be parametrised by an effective coupling $G_{eff}$ and an effective gravitational potential $\Phi(r)$. The standard Newtonian limit of General Relativity is recovered as soon as $G_{eff}\rightarrow G_N$ and $\Phi(r)\rightarrow \Phi_{N}$. The upper bound on the graviton mass and the gravitational interaction length, reported by the LIGO-VIRGO collaboration, can be directly recast in terms of the parameters of the theory which allows an analysis where the gravitational wave frequency modulation sets constraints on the range of possible alternative models of gravity. Numerical results based on published parameters for the binary black hole mergers are also reported. Comparison of the observed phase of the GW$150914$ and GW$151226$ with the modulated phase in alternative theories of gravity does not give reasonable constraints due the large uncertainties in the estimated parameters for the coalescing black holes. In addition to these general considerations, we obtain limits for the frequency dependence of the $\alpha$ parameter in scalar tensor theories of gravity.
gr-qc/0205056
T. P. Singh
T. P. Singh (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research)
Quantum mechanics without spacetime II : noncommutative geometry and the free point particle
8 pages
Gen.Rel.Grav. 35 (2003) 869-876
10.1023/A:1022999205139
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
In a recent paper we have suggested that a formulation of quantum mechanics should exist, which does not require the concept of time, and that the appropriate mathematical language for such a formulation is noncommutative differential geometry. In the present paper we discuss this formulation for the free point particle, by introducing a commutation relation for a set of noncommuting coordinates. The sought for background independent quantum mechanics is derived from this commutation relation for the coordinates. We propose that the basic equations are invariant under automorphisms which map one set of coordinates to another- this is a natural generalization of diffeomorphism invariance when one makes a transition to noncommutative geometry. The background independent description becomes equivalent to standard quantum mechanics if a spacetime manifold exists, because of the proposed automorphism invariance. The suggested basic equations also give a quantum gravitational description of the free particle.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 May 2002 04:28:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Singh", "T. P.", "", "Tata Institute of Fundamental Research" ] ]
In a recent paper we have suggested that a formulation of quantum mechanics should exist, which does not require the concept of time, and that the appropriate mathematical language for such a formulation is noncommutative differential geometry. In the present paper we discuss this formulation for the free point particle, by introducing a commutation relation for a set of noncommuting coordinates. The sought for background independent quantum mechanics is derived from this commutation relation for the coordinates. We propose that the basic equations are invariant under automorphisms which map one set of coordinates to another- this is a natural generalization of diffeomorphism invariance when one makes a transition to noncommutative geometry. The background independent description becomes equivalent to standard quantum mechanics if a spacetime manifold exists, because of the proposed automorphism invariance. The suggested basic equations also give a quantum gravitational description of the free particle.
2308.06803
Luca Guido Molinari
Carlo Alberto Mantica and Luca Guido Molinari
A note on Harada's Conformal Killing gravity
5 pages. Last section improved, new references and remark 3 added
Phys. Rev. D 108, 124029 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.124029
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that "Gravity at cosmological distances: Explaining the accelerating expansion without dark energy" recently proposed by J. Harada [6] is equivalent to the Einstein equation extended by the presence of an arbitrary conformal Killing tensor. This turns Harada's equations of third order in the derivatives of the metric tensor to second order, and offers a simple strategy of solution that shortcuts Harada's derivation and obtains both modified Friedmann equations. An application is presented for the case of flat space and constant curvature.
[ { "created": "Sun, 13 Aug 2023 16:13:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 11 Oct 2023 17:25:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-18
[ [ "Mantica", "Carlo Alberto", "" ], [ "Molinari", "Luca Guido", "" ] ]
We show that "Gravity at cosmological distances: Explaining the accelerating expansion without dark energy" recently proposed by J. Harada [6] is equivalent to the Einstein equation extended by the presence of an arbitrary conformal Killing tensor. This turns Harada's equations of third order in the derivatives of the metric tensor to second order, and offers a simple strategy of solution that shortcuts Harada's derivation and obtains both modified Friedmann equations. An application is presented for the case of flat space and constant curvature.
1710.10429
Mohammad Atazadeh
F. Darabi, K. Atazadeh, Y. Heydarzade
Einstein Static Universe in Rastall Theory of Gravity
9 pages, 1 figure
Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2018) 133: 249
10.1140/epjp/i2018-12083-1
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate stability of the Einstein static solution against homogeneous scalar, vector and tensor perturbations in the context of Rastall theory of gravity. We show that this solution in the presence of perfect fluid and vacuum energy originating from conformally-invariant fields is stable. Using the fix point method and taking linear homogeneous perturbations, we find that the scale factor of Einstein static universe for closed deformed isotropic and homogeneous FLRW universe depends on the coupling parameter $\lambda$ between the energy-momentum tensor and the gradient of Ricci scalar. Thus, in the present model and in presence of vacuum energy, our universe can stay at the Einstein static state past-eternally, which means that the big bang singularity may be resolved successfully in the context of Einstein static universe in Rastall theory.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Oct 2017 09:05:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-07-10
[ [ "Darabi", "F.", "" ], [ "Atazadeh", "K.", "" ], [ "Heydarzade", "Y.", "" ] ]
We investigate stability of the Einstein static solution against homogeneous scalar, vector and tensor perturbations in the context of Rastall theory of gravity. We show that this solution in the presence of perfect fluid and vacuum energy originating from conformally-invariant fields is stable. Using the fix point method and taking linear homogeneous perturbations, we find that the scale factor of Einstein static universe for closed deformed isotropic and homogeneous FLRW universe depends on the coupling parameter $\lambda$ between the energy-momentum tensor and the gradient of Ricci scalar. Thus, in the present model and in presence of vacuum energy, our universe can stay at the Einstein static state past-eternally, which means that the big bang singularity may be resolved successfully in the context of Einstein static universe in Rastall theory.
1304.1160
Paolo Pani
Paolo Pani, Emanuele Berti, Leonardo Gualtieri
Gravito-Electromagnetic Perturbations of Kerr-Newman Black Holes: Stability and Isospectrality in the Slow-Rotation Limit
5 pages, 2 figures. Mathematica notebook with derivation of the axial and polar equations available at http://blackholes.ist.utl.pt/?page=Files and at http://www.phy.olemiss.edu/~berti/qnms.html; v2: Discussion improved. Matches version to be published in PRL
null
10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.241103
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The most general stationary black-hole solution of Einstein-Maxwell theory in vacuum is the Kerr-Newman metric, specified by three parameters: mass M, spin J and charge Q. Within classical general relativity, the most important and challenging open problem in black-hole perturbation theory is the study of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in the Kerr-Newman geometry, because of the indissoluble coupling of the perturbation functions. Here we circumvent this long-standing problem by working in the slow-rotation limit. We compute the quasinormal modes up to linear order in J for any value of Q and provide the first, fully-consistent stability analysis of the Kerr-Newman metric. For scalar perturbations the quasinormal modes can be computed exactly, and we demonstrate that the method is accurate within 3% for spins J/Jmax<~0.5, where Jmax is the maximum allowed spin for any value of Q. Quite remarkably, we find numerical evidence that the axial and polar sectors of the gravito-electromagnetic perturbations are isospectral to linear order in the spin. The extension of our results to nonasymptotically flat space-times could be useful in the context of gauge/gravity dualities and string theory.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Apr 2013 20:00:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 May 2013 15:04:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-06-19
[ [ "Pani", "Paolo", "" ], [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Gualtieri", "Leonardo", "" ] ]
The most general stationary black-hole solution of Einstein-Maxwell theory in vacuum is the Kerr-Newman metric, specified by three parameters: mass M, spin J and charge Q. Within classical general relativity, the most important and challenging open problem in black-hole perturbation theory is the study of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in the Kerr-Newman geometry, because of the indissoluble coupling of the perturbation functions. Here we circumvent this long-standing problem by working in the slow-rotation limit. We compute the quasinormal modes up to linear order in J for any value of Q and provide the first, fully-consistent stability analysis of the Kerr-Newman metric. For scalar perturbations the quasinormal modes can be computed exactly, and we demonstrate that the method is accurate within 3% for spins J/Jmax<~0.5, where Jmax is the maximum allowed spin for any value of Q. Quite remarkably, we find numerical evidence that the axial and polar sectors of the gravito-electromagnetic perturbations are isospectral to linear order in the spin. The extension of our results to nonasymptotically flat space-times could be useful in the context of gauge/gravity dualities and string theory.