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1304.2836
Emanuele Berti
Emanuele Berti, Vitor Cardoso, Leonardo Gualtieri, Michael Horbatsch, Ulrich Sperhake
Numerical simulations of single and binary black holes in scalar-tensor theories: circumventing the no-hair theorem
21 pages, 6 figures, matches version accepted in Physical Review D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.124020
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Scalar-tensor theories are a compelling alternative to general relativity and one of the most accepted extensions of Einstein's theory. Black holes in these theories have no hair, but could grow "wigs" supported by time-dependent boundary conditions or spatial gradients. Time-dependent or spatially varying fields lead in general to nontrivial black hole dynamics, with potentially interesting experimental consequences. We carry out a numerical investigation of the dynamics of single and binary black holes in the presence of scalar fields. In particular we study gravitational and scalar radiation from black-hole binaries in a constant scalar-field gradient, and we compare our numerical findings to analytical models. In the single black hole case we find that, after a short transient, the scalar field relaxes to static configurations, in agreement with perturbative calculations. Furthermore we predict analytically (and verify numerically) that accelerated black holes in a scalar-field gradient emit scalar radiation. For a quasicircular black-hole binary, our analytical and numerical calculations show that the dominant component of the scalar radiation is emitted at twice the binary's orbital frequency.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Apr 2013 03:22:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Jun 2013 09:36:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-06-26
[ [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ], [ "Gualtieri", "Leonardo", "" ], [ "Horbatsch", "Michael", "" ], [ "Sperhake", "Ulrich", "" ] ]
Scalar-tensor theories are a compelling alternative to general relativity and one of the most accepted extensions of Einstein's theory. Black holes in these theories have no hair, but could grow "wigs" supported by time-dependent boundary conditions or spatial gradients. Time-dependent or spatially varying fields lead in general to nontrivial black hole dynamics, with potentially interesting experimental consequences. We carry out a numerical investigation of the dynamics of single and binary black holes in the presence of scalar fields. In particular we study gravitational and scalar radiation from black-hole binaries in a constant scalar-field gradient, and we compare our numerical findings to analytical models. In the single black hole case we find that, after a short transient, the scalar field relaxes to static configurations, in agreement with perturbative calculations. Furthermore we predict analytically (and verify numerically) that accelerated black holes in a scalar-field gradient emit scalar radiation. For a quasicircular black-hole binary, our analytical and numerical calculations show that the dominant component of the scalar radiation is emitted at twice the binary's orbital frequency.
2002.12073
Lucila Kraiselburd
Carolina Negrelli, Lucila Kraiselburd, Susana J. Landau and Marcelo Salgado
Solar System tests and chameleon effect in f (R) gravity
accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 101, 064005 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.064005
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using a novel and self-consistent approach that avoids the scalar-tensor identification in the Einstein frame, we reanalyze the viability of f(R) gravity within the context of solar-system tests. In order to do so, we depart from a simple but fully relativistic system of differential equations that describe a compact object in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime, and then we make suitable linearizations that apply to nonrelativistic objects such as the Sun. We then show clearly under which conditions the emerging chameleonlike mechanism can lead to a post-Newtonian parameter {\gamma} compatible with the observational bounds. To illustrate this method, we use several specific f(R) models proposed to explain the current acceleration of the Universe, and we show which of them are able to satisfy those bounds.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Feb 2020 13:04:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-03-06
[ [ "Negrelli", "Carolina", "" ], [ "Kraiselburd", "Lucila", "" ], [ "Landau", "Susana J.", "" ], [ "Salgado", "Marcelo", "" ] ]
Using a novel and self-consistent approach that avoids the scalar-tensor identification in the Einstein frame, we reanalyze the viability of f(R) gravity within the context of solar-system tests. In order to do so, we depart from a simple but fully relativistic system of differential equations that describe a compact object in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime, and then we make suitable linearizations that apply to nonrelativistic objects such as the Sun. We then show clearly under which conditions the emerging chameleonlike mechanism can lead to a post-Newtonian parameter {\gamma} compatible with the observational bounds. To illustrate this method, we use several specific f(R) models proposed to explain the current acceleration of the Universe, and we show which of them are able to satisfy those bounds.
gr-qc/0512153
Jingyi Zhang
Jingyi Zhang, Zheng Zhao
Charged particles' tunnelling from the Kerr-Newman black hole
6 pages
Phys.Lett. B638 (2006) 110-113
10.1016/j.physletb.2006.05.059
null
gr-qc
null
In this letter, Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework, which treats Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process, is extended, and the emission rate of a charged particle tunnelling from the Kerr-Newman black hole is calculated. The emission spectrum takes the same functional form as that of uncharged particles and consists with an underlying unitary theory but deviates from the pure thermal spectrum. Moreover, our calculation indicates that the emission process is treated as a reversible process in the Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework, and the information conservation is a natural result of the first law of black hole thermodynamics.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Dec 2005 13:37:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Zhang", "Jingyi", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Zheng", "" ] ]
In this letter, Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework, which treats Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process, is extended, and the emission rate of a charged particle tunnelling from the Kerr-Newman black hole is calculated. The emission spectrum takes the same functional form as that of uncharged particles and consists with an underlying unitary theory but deviates from the pure thermal spectrum. Moreover, our calculation indicates that the emission process is treated as a reversible process in the Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework, and the information conservation is a natural result of the first law of black hole thermodynamics.
gr-qc/0202084
V. L. Kalashnikov
V. L. Kalashnikov
Constraints on the Cosmological Parameters in the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation
6 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2e, commented Maple 6 worksheet is accessible on http://www.geocities.com/optomaplev
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The causality principle imposes the constraints on the cosmological parameters in the relativistic theory of gravitation. As a result, X-matter causes the quite definite cosmological scenario with the alternate acceleration and deceleration and the final recollapse
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Feb 2002 17:22:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kalashnikov", "V. L.", "" ] ]
The causality principle imposes the constraints on the cosmological parameters in the relativistic theory of gravitation. As a result, X-matter causes the quite definite cosmological scenario with the alternate acceleration and deceleration and the final recollapse
2312.04260
Paolo Massimo Bassani
Paolo Massimo Bassani
Varying Constants and the Brans-Dicke theory: a new landscape in cosmological energy conservation
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We develop the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity in the context of varying constants of Nature. Using the unimodular formalism of General Relativity, we create a platform to provide physical relational times giving the evolution of physical constants. We therefore review the ideas and experiments behind varying constants, mostly focusing on the speed of light and the gravitational constant. Then, we apply this idea to the energy conservation in cosmology, illustrating the arising patterns. Motivated by a varying gravitational constant resulting from Mach's principle, we develop the unimodular formalism of varying constants in the Brans-Dicke theory. Doing so, we obtain several original results, some of which can be compared with phenomenological observation. Finally, we suggest how a varying Brans-Dicke parameter could be linked to the Cosmological Constant problem.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Dec 2023 12:37:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-12-08
[ [ "Bassani", "Paolo Massimo", "" ] ]
We develop the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity in the context of varying constants of Nature. Using the unimodular formalism of General Relativity, we create a platform to provide physical relational times giving the evolution of physical constants. We therefore review the ideas and experiments behind varying constants, mostly focusing on the speed of light and the gravitational constant. Then, we apply this idea to the energy conservation in cosmology, illustrating the arising patterns. Motivated by a varying gravitational constant resulting from Mach's principle, we develop the unimodular formalism of varying constants in the Brans-Dicke theory. Doing so, we obtain several original results, some of which can be compared with phenomenological observation. Finally, we suggest how a varying Brans-Dicke parameter could be linked to the Cosmological Constant problem.
1511.04252
Alessandro D.A.M. Spallicci di Filottrano
P. Ritter, S. Aoudia, A. Spallicci, S. Cordier
Indirect (source-free) integration method. I. Wave-forms from geodesic generic orbits of EMRIs
To appear in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod Phys
2016, Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys., 13, 1650021
10.1142/S0219887816500213
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli (RWZ) wave-equation describes Schwarzschild-Droste black hole perturbations. The source term contains a Dirac distribution and its derivative. We have previously designed a method of integration in time domain. It consists of a finite difference scheme where analytic expressions, dealing with the wave-function discontinuity through the jump conditions, replace the direct integration of the source and the potential. Herein, we successfully apply the same method to the geodesic generic orbits of EMRI (Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral) sources, at second order. An EMRI is a Compact Star (CS) captured by a Super Massive Black Hole (SMBH). These are considered the best probes for testing gravitation in strong regime. The gravitational wave-forms, the radiated energy and angular momentum at infinity are computed and extensively compared with other methods, for different orbits (circular, elliptic, parabolic, including zoom-whirl).
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Nov 2015 11:55:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-03-22
[ [ "Ritter", "P.", "" ], [ "Aoudia", "S.", "" ], [ "Spallicci", "A.", "" ], [ "Cordier", "S.", "" ] ]
The Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli (RWZ) wave-equation describes Schwarzschild-Droste black hole perturbations. The source term contains a Dirac distribution and its derivative. We have previously designed a method of integration in time domain. It consists of a finite difference scheme where analytic expressions, dealing with the wave-function discontinuity through the jump conditions, replace the direct integration of the source and the potential. Herein, we successfully apply the same method to the geodesic generic orbits of EMRI (Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral) sources, at second order. An EMRI is a Compact Star (CS) captured by a Super Massive Black Hole (SMBH). These are considered the best probes for testing gravitation in strong regime. The gravitational wave-forms, the radiated energy and angular momentum at infinity are computed and extensively compared with other methods, for different orbits (circular, elliptic, parabolic, including zoom-whirl).
1911.11438
Li Zhao
Chen Yang, Zi-Qi Chen, and Li Zhao
Kalb-Ramond field localization on a de Sitter Thick Brane
16 pages, 10 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study the localization of Kalb-Ramond (KR) tensorial gauge field on a non-flat de Sitter thick brane. The localization and resonance of KR gauge field are discussed for three kinds of couplings. For the first coupling there is no localized tensorial zero mode. For the other two couplings, the zero mode of KR field can be localized under certain condition. There are resonant KK modes on the thick brane for the third case. Furthermore, we mainly analyze the effects of three parameters on the localization and resonant mode for KR field.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Nov 2019 10:20:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-11-27
[ [ "Yang", "Chen", "" ], [ "Chen", "Zi-Qi", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Li", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the localization of Kalb-Ramond (KR) tensorial gauge field on a non-flat de Sitter thick brane. The localization and resonance of KR gauge field are discussed for three kinds of couplings. For the first coupling there is no localized tensorial zero mode. For the other two couplings, the zero mode of KR field can be localized under certain condition. There are resonant KK modes on the thick brane for the third case. Furthermore, we mainly analyze the effects of three parameters on the localization and resonant mode for KR field.
2212.10853
Gael SERVIGNAT
Ga\"el Servignat (LUTH (UMR\_8102)), Jerome Novak (LUTH (UMR\_8102)), Isabel Cordero-Carri\'on
A new formulation of general-relativistic hydrodynamic equations using primitive variables
null
2023 Class. Quantum Grav. 40 105002
10.1088/1361-6382/acc828
null
gr-qc physics.comp-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the derivation of hydrodynamical equations for a perfect fluid in General Relativity, within the 3+1 decomposition of spacetime framework, using only primitive variables. Primitive variables are opposed to conserved variables, as defined in the widely used Valencia formulation of the same hydrodynamical equations. The equations are derived in a covariant way, so that they can be used to describe any configuration of the perfect fluid. Once derived, the equations are tested numerically. We implement them in an evolution code for spherically symmetric self-gravitating compact objects. The code uses pseudospectral methods for both the metric and the hydrodynamics. First, convergence tests are performed, then the frequencies of radial modes of polytropes are recovered with and without the Cowling approximation, and finally the performance of our code in the black hole collapse and migration tests are described. The results of the tests and the comparison with a reference corecollapse and neutron star oscillations code suggests that not only our code can handle very strong gravitational fields, but also that this new formulation helps gaining a significant amount of computational time in hydrodynamical simulations of smooth flows in General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Dec 2022 08:57:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-17
[ [ "Servignat", "Gaël", "", "LUTH" ], [ "Novak", "Jerome", "", "LUTH" ], [ "Cordero-Carrión", "Isabel", "" ] ]
We present the derivation of hydrodynamical equations for a perfect fluid in General Relativity, within the 3+1 decomposition of spacetime framework, using only primitive variables. Primitive variables are opposed to conserved variables, as defined in the widely used Valencia formulation of the same hydrodynamical equations. The equations are derived in a covariant way, so that they can be used to describe any configuration of the perfect fluid. Once derived, the equations are tested numerically. We implement them in an evolution code for spherically symmetric self-gravitating compact objects. The code uses pseudospectral methods for both the metric and the hydrodynamics. First, convergence tests are performed, then the frequencies of radial modes of polytropes are recovered with and without the Cowling approximation, and finally the performance of our code in the black hole collapse and migration tests are described. The results of the tests and the comparison with a reference corecollapse and neutron star oscillations code suggests that not only our code can handle very strong gravitational fields, but also that this new formulation helps gaining a significant amount of computational time in hydrodynamical simulations of smooth flows in General Relativity.
gr-qc/9806116
Andrzej Borowiec
A. Borowiec and M. Francaviglia
Alternative Lagrangians for Einstein Metrics
9 pages in LaTeX (sprocl.sty). Extended version; misprints removed, comments and references added. To appear in Proc. Int. Sem. Math. Cosmol., Potsdam, 1998, M. Rainer and H.-J. Schmidt (eds.), WSPC Singapore
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We shall use the variational decomposition technique in order to calculate equations of motion and Noether energy-momentum complex for some classes of non-linear gravitational Lagrangians within the first-order (Palatini) formalism. In particular, a complex space-time appears as a solution of our variational problem.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Jun 1998 11:17:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Jul 1998 11:44:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Borowiec", "A.", "" ], [ "Francaviglia", "M.", "" ] ]
We shall use the variational decomposition technique in order to calculate equations of motion and Noether energy-momentum complex for some classes of non-linear gravitational Lagrangians within the first-order (Palatini) formalism. In particular, a complex space-time appears as a solution of our variational problem.
2002.09613
Philip Chang
Philip Chang, Zachariah Etienne
General Relativistic Hydrodynamics on a Moving-mesh I: Static Spacetimes
10 pages, 4 figures, accepted version, update description of Riemann solver
null
10.1093/mnras/staa1532
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM physics.comp-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the first-ever moving-mesh general relativistic hydrodynamics solver for static spacetimes as implemented in the code, MANGA. Our implementation builds on the architectures of MANGA and the numerical relativity Python package NRPy+. We review the general algorithm to solve these equations and, in particular, detail the time stepping; Riemann solution across moving faces; conversion between primitive and conservative variables; validation and correction of hydrodynamic variables; and mapping of the metric to a Voronoi moving-mesh grid. We present test results for the numerical integration of an unmagnetized Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff star for 24 dynamical times. We demonstrate that at a resolution of $10^6$ mesh generating points, the star is stable and its central density drifts downward by 2% over this timescale. At a lower resolution the central density drift increases in a manner consistent with the adopted second order spatial reconstruction scheme. These results agree well with the exact solutions, and we find the error behavior to be similar to Eulerian codes with second-order spatial reconstruction. We also demonstrate that the new code recovers the fundamental mode frequency for the same TOV star but with its initial pressure depleted by 10%
[ { "created": "Sat, 22 Feb 2020 03:46:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 May 2020 17:21:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-01
[ [ "Chang", "Philip", "" ], [ "Etienne", "Zachariah", "" ] ]
We present the first-ever moving-mesh general relativistic hydrodynamics solver for static spacetimes as implemented in the code, MANGA. Our implementation builds on the architectures of MANGA and the numerical relativity Python package NRPy+. We review the general algorithm to solve these equations and, in particular, detail the time stepping; Riemann solution across moving faces; conversion between primitive and conservative variables; validation and correction of hydrodynamic variables; and mapping of the metric to a Voronoi moving-mesh grid. We present test results for the numerical integration of an unmagnetized Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff star for 24 dynamical times. We demonstrate that at a resolution of $10^6$ mesh generating points, the star is stable and its central density drifts downward by 2% over this timescale. At a lower resolution the central density drift increases in a manner consistent with the adopted second order spatial reconstruction scheme. These results agree well with the exact solutions, and we find the error behavior to be similar to Eulerian codes with second-order spatial reconstruction. We also demonstrate that the new code recovers the fundamental mode frequency for the same TOV star but with its initial pressure depleted by 10%
0712.0085
Laszlo B. Szabados
Laszlo B Szabados
On some global problems in the tetrad approach to quasi-local quantities
13 pages, a more detailed discussion of the problems is given, Theorems 3.1 and 3.2 are modified slightly, the proof of Theorem 4.3 is improved, 5 references are added, misprints are corrected. Appearing in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.25:195004,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/19/195004
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The potential global topological obstructions to the tetrad approach to finding the quasi-local conserved quantities, associated with closed, orientable spacelike 2-surfaces S, are investigated. First we show that the Lorentz frame bundle is always globally trivializable over an open neighbourhood U of any such S if an open neighbourhood of S is space and time orientable, and hence a globally trivializable SL(2,C) spin frame bundle can also be introduced over U. Then it is shown that all the spin frames belonging to the same spinor structure on S have always the same homotopy class. On the other hand, on a 2-surface with genus g, there are $2^{2g}$ homotopically different Lorentz frame fields, and there is a natural one-to-one correspondence between these homotopy classes and the different SL(2,C) spinor structures.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Dec 2007 14:48:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Aug 2008 16:08:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Szabados", "Laszlo B", "" ] ]
The potential global topological obstructions to the tetrad approach to finding the quasi-local conserved quantities, associated with closed, orientable spacelike 2-surfaces S, are investigated. First we show that the Lorentz frame bundle is always globally trivializable over an open neighbourhood U of any such S if an open neighbourhood of S is space and time orientable, and hence a globally trivializable SL(2,C) spin frame bundle can also be introduced over U. Then it is shown that all the spin frames belonging to the same spinor structure on S have always the same homotopy class. On the other hand, on a 2-surface with genus g, there are $2^{2g}$ homotopically different Lorentz frame fields, and there is a natural one-to-one correspondence between these homotopy classes and the different SL(2,C) spinor structures.
gr-qc/0702062
Banibrata Mukhopadhyay
Banibrata Mukhopadhyay
Gravity induced neutrino-antineutrino oscillation: CPT and lepton number non-conservation under gravity
15 pages; Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav.24:1433-1442,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/6/004
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
We introduce a new effect in the neutrino oscillation phase which shows the neutrino-antineutrino oscillation is possible under gravity even if the rest masses of the corresponding eigenstates are same. This is due to CPT violation and possible to demonstrate if the neutrino mass eigenstates are expressed as a combination of neutrino and antineutrino eigenstates, as of the neutral kaon system, with the plausible breaking of lepton number conservation. For Majorana neutrinos, this oscillation is expected to affect significantly the inner edge of neutrino dominated accretion disks around a compact object by influencing the neutrino sphere which controls the accretion dynamics, and then the related type-II supernova evolution and the r-process nucleosynthesis. On the other hand, in early universe, in presence of various lepton number violating processes, this oscillation, we argue, might lead to neutrino asymmetry which resulted baryogenesis from the B-L symmetry by electro-weak sphaleron processes.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Feb 2007 07:20:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Mukhopadhyay", "Banibrata", "" ] ]
We introduce a new effect in the neutrino oscillation phase which shows the neutrino-antineutrino oscillation is possible under gravity even if the rest masses of the corresponding eigenstates are same. This is due to CPT violation and possible to demonstrate if the neutrino mass eigenstates are expressed as a combination of neutrino and antineutrino eigenstates, as of the neutral kaon system, with the plausible breaking of lepton number conservation. For Majorana neutrinos, this oscillation is expected to affect significantly the inner edge of neutrino dominated accretion disks around a compact object by influencing the neutrino sphere which controls the accretion dynamics, and then the related type-II supernova evolution and the r-process nucleosynthesis. On the other hand, in early universe, in presence of various lepton number violating processes, this oscillation, we argue, might lead to neutrino asymmetry which resulted baryogenesis from the B-L symmetry by electro-weak sphaleron processes.
2112.02444
Larry Ford
L. H. Ford
Cosmological Particle Production: A Review
28 pages, 3 figures, contains some material adapted from arXiv:gr-qc/9707062
Rep. Prog. Phys. 84, 116901 (2021)
10.1088/1361-6633/ac1b23
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This article will review quantum particle creation in expanding universes. The emphasis will be on the basic physical principles and on selected applications to cosmological models. The needed formalism of quantum field theory in curved spacetime will be summarized, and applied to the example of scalar particle creation in a spatially flat universe. Estimates for the creation rate will be given and applied to inflationary cosmology models. Analog models which illustrate the same physical principles and may be experimentally realizable are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Sat, 4 Dec 2021 23:09:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-07
[ [ "Ford", "L. H.", "" ] ]
This article will review quantum particle creation in expanding universes. The emphasis will be on the basic physical principles and on selected applications to cosmological models. The needed formalism of quantum field theory in curved spacetime will be summarized, and applied to the example of scalar particle creation in a spatially flat universe. Estimates for the creation rate will be given and applied to inflationary cosmology models. Analog models which illustrate the same physical principles and may be experimentally realizable are also discussed.
1312.6451
P. A. Gonzalez
Marcela Catalan, Eduardo Cisternas, P. A. Gonzalez and Yerko Vasquez
Dirac quasinormal modes for a 4-dimensional Lifshitz Black Hole
Version accepted for publication in EPJC. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1306.5974
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2813-7
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the quasinormal modes of fermionic perturbations for an asymptotically Lifshitz black hole in 4-dimensions with dynamical exponent z=2 and plane topology for the transverse section, and we find analytically and numerically the quasinormal modes for massless fermionic fields by using the improved asymptotic iteration method and the Horowitz-Hubeny method. The quasinormal frequencies are purely imaginary and negative, which guarantees the stability of these black holes under massless fermionic field perturbations. Remarkably, both numerical methods yield consistent results; i.e., both methods converge to the exact quasinormal frequencies; however, the improved asymptotic iteration method converges in a fewer number of iterations. Also, we find analytically the quasinormal modes for massive fermionic fields for the mode with lowest angular momentum. In this case, the quasinormal frequencies are purely imaginary and negative, which guarantees the stability of these black holes under fermionic field perturbations. Moreover, we show that the lowest quasinormal frequencies have real and imaginary parts for the mode with higher angular momentum by using the improved asymptotic iteration method.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Dec 2013 01:26:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Mar 2014 14:59:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-18
[ [ "Catalan", "Marcela", "" ], [ "Cisternas", "Eduardo", "" ], [ "Gonzalez", "P. A.", "" ], [ "Vasquez", "Yerko", "" ] ]
We study the quasinormal modes of fermionic perturbations for an asymptotically Lifshitz black hole in 4-dimensions with dynamical exponent z=2 and plane topology for the transverse section, and we find analytically and numerically the quasinormal modes for massless fermionic fields by using the improved asymptotic iteration method and the Horowitz-Hubeny method. The quasinormal frequencies are purely imaginary and negative, which guarantees the stability of these black holes under massless fermionic field perturbations. Remarkably, both numerical methods yield consistent results; i.e., both methods converge to the exact quasinormal frequencies; however, the improved asymptotic iteration method converges in a fewer number of iterations. Also, we find analytically the quasinormal modes for massive fermionic fields for the mode with lowest angular momentum. In this case, the quasinormal frequencies are purely imaginary and negative, which guarantees the stability of these black holes under fermionic field perturbations. Moreover, we show that the lowest quasinormal frequencies have real and imaginary parts for the mode with higher angular momentum by using the improved asymptotic iteration method.
gr-qc/0609020
Philippe Grandclement
Philippe Grandclement (LUTH)
Introduction to spectral methods
20 pages, 15 figures
Stellar fluid dynamics and numerical simulations: from the sun to neutron stars, France (2006) 153
10.1051/eas:2006112
null
gr-qc math.SP physics.comp-ph
null
This proceeding is intended to be a first introduction to spectral methods. It is written around some simple problems that are solved explicitly and in details and that aim at demonstrating the power of those methods. The mathematical foundation of the spectral approximation is first introduced, based on the Gauss quadratures. The two usual basis of Legendre and Chebyshev polynomials are then presented. The next section is devoted to one dimensional equation solvers using only one domain. Three different methods are described. Techniques using several domains are shown in the last section of this paper and their various merits discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Sep 2006 10:01:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Grandclement", "Philippe", "", "LUTH" ] ]
This proceeding is intended to be a first introduction to spectral methods. It is written around some simple problems that are solved explicitly and in details and that aim at demonstrating the power of those methods. The mathematical foundation of the spectral approximation is first introduced, based on the Gauss quadratures. The two usual basis of Legendre and Chebyshev polynomials are then presented. The next section is devoted to one dimensional equation solvers using only one domain. Three different methods are described. Techniques using several domains are shown in the last section of this paper and their various merits discussed.
gr-qc/0211099
Ujjal Debnath
Asit Banerjee, Ujjal Debnath and Subenoy Chakraborty
Naked Singularities in Higher Dimensional Gravitational Collapse
7 Latex pages, No figure, Revtex style
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D12 (2003) 1255-1264
10.1142/S021827180300375X
null
gr-qc
null
Spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse has been studied in higher dimensional space-time and the factors responsible for the appearance of a naked singularity are analyzed in the region close to the centre for the marginally bound case. It is clearly demonstrated that in the former case naked singularities do not appear in the space-time having more than five dimension, which appears to a strong result. The non-marginally bound collapse is also examined in five dimensions and the role of shear in developing naked singularities in this space-time is discussed in details. The five dimensional space-time is chosen in the later case because we have exact solution in closed form only in five dimension and not in any other case.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Nov 2002 12:18:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Feb 2003 10:53:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Banerjee", "Asit", "" ], [ "Debnath", "Ujjal", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Subenoy", "" ] ]
Spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse has been studied in higher dimensional space-time and the factors responsible for the appearance of a naked singularity are analyzed in the region close to the centre for the marginally bound case. It is clearly demonstrated that in the former case naked singularities do not appear in the space-time having more than five dimension, which appears to a strong result. The non-marginally bound collapse is also examined in five dimensions and the role of shear in developing naked singularities in this space-time is discussed in details. The five dimensional space-time is chosen in the later case because we have exact solution in closed form only in five dimension and not in any other case.
gr-qc/9509056
Sergey V. Sushkov
Sushkov Sergei
Chronology Protection and Quantized Fields: Complex Automorphic Scalar Field in Misner Space
7 pages, LaTeX, two figures are available in PCX or postscript format upon request, to appear in Proceedings of the 3rd Friedmann Seminar
Class.Quant.Grav.14:523-534,1997
10.1088/0264-9381/14/2/025
null
gr-qc
null
The renormalized stress-energy tensor $\langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$ of the quantized complex massless scalar field which obeys the automorphic condition in Misner space is obtained. It is shown that there exists the special value of the automorphic parameter for which $\langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$ is regular on the chronology horizon and, so, can not act as a protector of chronology through a back reaction on a spacetime metric. However, it is shown that, at the same time, the value of field square $\langle\phi^2\rangle$, which characterizes the quantum field fluctuations, is divergent on the chronology horizon. The assumption is suggested that the infinitely growing quantum field fluctuations, which appear if a (self)interaction of the scalar field is taken into account, would prevent the chronology horizon formation.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Sep 1995 05:02:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-15
[ [ "Sergei", "Sushkov", "" ] ]
The renormalized stress-energy tensor $\langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$ of the quantized complex massless scalar field which obeys the automorphic condition in Misner space is obtained. It is shown that there exists the special value of the automorphic parameter for which $\langle T_{\mu\nu}\rangle$ is regular on the chronology horizon and, so, can not act as a protector of chronology through a back reaction on a spacetime metric. However, it is shown that, at the same time, the value of field square $\langle\phi^2\rangle$, which characterizes the quantum field fluctuations, is divergent on the chronology horizon. The assumption is suggested that the infinitely growing quantum field fluctuations, which appear if a (self)interaction of the scalar field is taken into account, would prevent the chronology horizon formation.
1803.03703
Yousef Bisabr
Yousef Bisabr
Gravitational Coupling and the Cosmological Constant
7 pages, no figure. To appear in IJMPD
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27, 1850086 (2018)
10.1142/S0218271818500864
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We deal with a dynamical mechanism in which a large cosmological constant, as suggested by inflationary scenarios, decays due to expansion of the universe. This mechanism has its origin in the gravitational coupling of the vacuum density. We assume that the vacuum couples anomalously to gravity that is the metric tensor that appears the gravitational part is not the same as that appears the matter part as suggested by weak equivalence principle. Instead, the two metric tensors are taken to be conformally related. We show that this provides a dynamical mechanism which works during expansion of the universe. We also consider some observational consequences of such a gravitational model.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Mar 2018 21:48:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-06-05
[ [ "Bisabr", "Yousef", "" ] ]
We deal with a dynamical mechanism in which a large cosmological constant, as suggested by inflationary scenarios, decays due to expansion of the universe. This mechanism has its origin in the gravitational coupling of the vacuum density. We assume that the vacuum couples anomalously to gravity that is the metric tensor that appears the gravitational part is not the same as that appears the matter part as suggested by weak equivalence principle. Instead, the two metric tensors are taken to be conformally related. We show that this provides a dynamical mechanism which works during expansion of the universe. We also consider some observational consequences of such a gravitational model.
1606.08451
Adam Levi
Adam Levi, Amos Ori
Mode-sum regularization of $\left\langle \phi^{2} \right\rangle$ in the angular-splitting method
34 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 94, 044054 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.044054
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The computation of the renormalized stress-energy tensor or $\left\langle\phi^{2}\right\rangle_{ren}$ in curved spacetime is a challenging task, at both the conceptual and technical levels. Recently we developed a new approach to compute such renormalized quantities in asymptotically-flat curved spacetimes, based on the point-splitting procedure. Our approach requires the spacetime to admit some symmetry. We already implemented this approach to compute $\left\langle \phi^{2}\right\rangle _{ren}$ in a stationary spacetime using t-splitting, namely splitting in the time-translation direction. Here we present the angular-splitting version of this approach, aimed for computing renormalized quantities in a general (possibly dynamical) spherically-symmetric spacetime. To illustrate how the angular-splitting method works, we use it here to compute $\left\langle \phi^{2}\right\rangle _{ren}$ for a quantum massless scalar field in Schwarzschild background, in various quantum states (Boulware, Unruh, and Hartle-Hawking states). We find excellent agreement with the results obtained from the t-splitting variant, and also with other methods. Our main goal in pursuing this new mode-sum approach was to enable the computation of the renormalized stress-energy tensor in a dynamical spherically symmetric background, e.g. an evaporating black hole. The angular-splitting variant presented here is most suitable to this purpose.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Jun 2016 20:00:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-30
[ [ "Levi", "Adam", "" ], [ "Ori", "Amos", "" ] ]
The computation of the renormalized stress-energy tensor or $\left\langle\phi^{2}\right\rangle_{ren}$ in curved spacetime is a challenging task, at both the conceptual and technical levels. Recently we developed a new approach to compute such renormalized quantities in asymptotically-flat curved spacetimes, based on the point-splitting procedure. Our approach requires the spacetime to admit some symmetry. We already implemented this approach to compute $\left\langle \phi^{2}\right\rangle _{ren}$ in a stationary spacetime using t-splitting, namely splitting in the time-translation direction. Here we present the angular-splitting version of this approach, aimed for computing renormalized quantities in a general (possibly dynamical) spherically-symmetric spacetime. To illustrate how the angular-splitting method works, we use it here to compute $\left\langle \phi^{2}\right\rangle _{ren}$ for a quantum massless scalar field in Schwarzschild background, in various quantum states (Boulware, Unruh, and Hartle-Hawking states). We find excellent agreement with the results obtained from the t-splitting variant, and also with other methods. Our main goal in pursuing this new mode-sum approach was to enable the computation of the renormalized stress-energy tensor in a dynamical spherically symmetric background, e.g. an evaporating black hole. The angular-splitting variant presented here is most suitable to this purpose.
2007.00285
Tetsuya Shiromizu
Tetsuya Shiromizu and Diego Soligon
The positive mass theorem in Kaluza-Klein picture
8 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We reconsider Schoen and Yau's proof of the positive mass theorem from the extra dimensional point of view, and we introduce a modified argument to prove the theorem in the Kaluza-Klein picture. We consider in this study an alternative condition to Jang's equation, which makes the argument more physically intuitive.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jul 2020 07:22:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-07-02
[ [ "Shiromizu", "Tetsuya", "" ], [ "Soligon", "Diego", "" ] ]
We reconsider Schoen and Yau's proof of the positive mass theorem from the extra dimensional point of view, and we introduce a modified argument to prove the theorem in the Kaluza-Klein picture. We consider in this study an alternative condition to Jang's equation, which makes the argument more physically intuitive.
2007.01732
Leonardo Campanelli
Leonardo Campanelli
Creation of Universes from the Third-Quantized Vacuum
12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 102, 043514 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.043514
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the average numbers of closed, flat, and open universes spontaneously created from nothing in third quantization. The creation of universes is exponentially suppressed for large values of the kinetic energy of the inflaton, while for small kinetic energies it is exponentially favoured for closed universes over flat and open ones: For a scale of inflation less than about $2 \times 10^{16}$GeV, the ratio of the number of closed universes to either the number of flat or open universes is \begin{equation} \frac{n_{closed}}{n_{flat,open}} \gtrsim 10^{10^{10}} . \nonumber \end{equation}
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Jul 2020 14:54:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-08-19
[ [ "Campanelli", "Leonardo", "" ] ]
We calculate the average numbers of closed, flat, and open universes spontaneously created from nothing in third quantization. The creation of universes is exponentially suppressed for large values of the kinetic energy of the inflaton, while for small kinetic energies it is exponentially favoured for closed universes over flat and open ones: For a scale of inflation less than about $2 \times 10^{16}$GeV, the ratio of the number of closed universes to either the number of flat or open universes is \begin{equation} \frac{n_{closed}}{n_{flat,open}} \gtrsim 10^{10^{10}} . \nonumber \end{equation}
2405.06921
Anxianyi Xiong
Anxianyi Xiong, Xin-zhe Zhang, Taotao Qiu
Perturbations of Mimetic Curvaton
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The mimetic gravity theory is one of the interesting modified gravity theories, which aims to unify the matter component of our universe within the power of gravity. The mimetic-like theory can also be responsible for primordial perturbations production, e.g., when the mimetic field is set to be like a curvaton field, and the adiabatic perturbation can thus be generated from the isocurvature perturbation via usual curvaton mechanism [1]. In the original mimetic curvaton model, the parameter $\lambda$ was purely an algebraic multiplier, lack of any perturbed dynamics. In the current paper, we treat $\lambda$ as an auxiliary field, with its perturbation $\delta\lambda$ evolving alongside. We show that, with such a consideration, the adiabatic perturbation can still be generated from the curvaton mechanism, and becomes scale invariant with different field space configurations.
[ { "created": "Sat, 11 May 2024 05:45:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-14
[ [ "Xiong", "Anxianyi", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xin-zhe", "" ], [ "Qiu", "Taotao", "" ] ]
The mimetic gravity theory is one of the interesting modified gravity theories, which aims to unify the matter component of our universe within the power of gravity. The mimetic-like theory can also be responsible for primordial perturbations production, e.g., when the mimetic field is set to be like a curvaton field, and the adiabatic perturbation can thus be generated from the isocurvature perturbation via usual curvaton mechanism [1]. In the original mimetic curvaton model, the parameter $\lambda$ was purely an algebraic multiplier, lack of any perturbed dynamics. In the current paper, we treat $\lambda$ as an auxiliary field, with its perturbation $\delta\lambda$ evolving alongside. We show that, with such a consideration, the adiabatic perturbation can still be generated from the curvaton mechanism, and becomes scale invariant with different field space configurations.
1404.4099
Hartmut Abele
T. Jenke, G. Cronenberg, J. Burgd\"orfer, L.A. Chizhova, P. Geltenbort, A.N. Ivanov, T. Lauer, T. Lins, S. Rotter, H. Saul, U. Schmidt, H. Abele
Gravity Resonance Spectroscopy Constrains Dark Energy and Dark Matter Scenarios
5 pages, 4 figures
Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 151105 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.151105
null
gr-qc nucl-ex quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We report on precision resonance spectroscopy measurements of quantum states of ultracold neutrons confined above the surface of a horizontal mirror by the gravity potential of the Earth. Resonant transitions between several of the lowest quantum states are observed for the first time. These measurements demonstrate, that Newton's inverse square law of Gravity is understood at micron distances on an energy scale of~$10^{-14}$~eV. At this level of precision we are able to provide constraints on any possible gravity-like interaction. In particular, a dark energy chameleon field is excluded for values of the coupling constant~$\beta > 5.8\times10^8$ at~95% confidence level~(C.L.), and an attractive (repulsive) dark matter axion-like spin-mass coupling is excluded for the coupling strength $g_sg_p > 3.7\times10^{-16}$~($5.3\times10^{-16}$)~at a Yukawa length of~$\lambda = 20$~{\textmu}m~(95% (C.L.).
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Apr 2014 22:24:59 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-10-08
[ [ "Jenke", "T.", "" ], [ "Cronenberg", "G.", "" ], [ "Burgdörfer", "J.", "" ], [ "Chizhova", "L. A.", "" ], [ "Geltenbort", "P.", "" ], [ "Ivanov", "A. N.", "" ], [ "Lauer", "T.", "" ], [ "Lins", "T.", "" ], [ "Rotter", "S.", "" ], [ "Saul", "H.", "" ], [ "Schmidt", "U.", "" ], [ "Abele", "H.", "" ] ]
We report on precision resonance spectroscopy measurements of quantum states of ultracold neutrons confined above the surface of a horizontal mirror by the gravity potential of the Earth. Resonant transitions between several of the lowest quantum states are observed for the first time. These measurements demonstrate, that Newton's inverse square law of Gravity is understood at micron distances on an energy scale of~$10^{-14}$~eV. At this level of precision we are able to provide constraints on any possible gravity-like interaction. In particular, a dark energy chameleon field is excluded for values of the coupling constant~$\beta > 5.8\times10^8$ at~95% confidence level~(C.L.), and an attractive (repulsive) dark matter axion-like spin-mass coupling is excluded for the coupling strength $g_sg_p > 3.7\times10^{-16}$~($5.3\times10^{-16}$)~at a Yukawa length of~$\lambda = 20$~{\textmu}m~(95% (C.L.).
1508.01079
Paul Frampton
Paul Howard Frampton
Scale Invariant Density Perturbations from Cyclic Cosmology
11 pages, LaTeX
null
10.1142/S0217732316500760
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is shown how quantum fluctuations of the radiation during the contraction era of a CBE (Comes Back Empty) cyclic cosmology can provide density fluctuations which re-enter the horizon during the subsequent expansion era and at lowest order are scale invariant, in a Harrison-Zel'dovich-Peebles sense, as necessary to be consistent with observations of large scale structure.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Aug 2015 16:27:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-05-25
[ [ "Frampton", "Paul Howard", "" ] ]
It is shown how quantum fluctuations of the radiation during the contraction era of a CBE (Comes Back Empty) cyclic cosmology can provide density fluctuations which re-enter the horizon during the subsequent expansion era and at lowest order are scale invariant, in a Harrison-Zel'dovich-Peebles sense, as necessary to be consistent with observations of large scale structure.
1804.00988
Ernesto Contreras
Ernesto Contreras and Pedro Bargue\~no
A self-sustained traversable scale-dependent wormhole
Accepted in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
International Journal of Modern Physics D Vol. 27, No. 9 (2018) 1850101
10.1142/S0218271818501018
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A self--sustained traversable wormhole is obtained as a vacuum solution of a scale-dependent gravitational theory. Comparison with other approaches towards wormhole self--sustainability are presented, with emphasis on the running of the gravitational coupling and on a possible effective description of gravity near the Planck scale.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Apr 2018 14:24:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-04-01
[ [ "Contreras", "Ernesto", "" ], [ "Bargueño", "Pedro", "" ] ]
A self--sustained traversable wormhole is obtained as a vacuum solution of a scale-dependent gravitational theory. Comparison with other approaches towards wormhole self--sustainability are presented, with emphasis on the running of the gravitational coupling and on a possible effective description of gravity near the Planck scale.
1207.5472
Diego S\'aez-G\'omez
Diego S\'aez-G\'omez (University of the Basque Country)
Cosmological evolution, future singularities, Little Rip and Pseudo-Rip in viable f(R) theories and their scalar-tensor counterpart
20 pages. Extended version, new figures and additional analysis. Version to be published in Class. Quant. Grav
Class. Quantum Grav. 30, 095008, 2013
10.1088/0264-9381/30/9/095008
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Modified f(R) gravity is one of the most promising candidates for dark energy, and even for the unification of the whole cosmological evolution, including the inflationary phase. Within this class of theories, the so-called viable modified gravities represent realistic theories that are capable of reproducing late-time acceleration, and satisfy strong constraints at local scales, where General Relativity is recovered. The present manuscript deals with the analysis of the cosmological evolution for some of these models, which indicates that the evolution may enter into a phantom phase, but the behavior may be asymptotically stable. Furthermore, the scalar-tensor equivalence of f(R) gravity is considered, which provides useful information about the possibility of the occurrence of a future singularity. The so-called Little Rip and Pseudo-Rip are also studied in the framework of this class of modified gravities.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Jul 2012 18:15:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Apr 2013 13:06:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-05
[ [ "Sáez-Gómez", "Diego", "", "University of the Basque Country" ] ]
Modified f(R) gravity is one of the most promising candidates for dark energy, and even for the unification of the whole cosmological evolution, including the inflationary phase. Within this class of theories, the so-called viable modified gravities represent realistic theories that are capable of reproducing late-time acceleration, and satisfy strong constraints at local scales, where General Relativity is recovered. The present manuscript deals with the analysis of the cosmological evolution for some of these models, which indicates that the evolution may enter into a phantom phase, but the behavior may be asymptotically stable. Furthermore, the scalar-tensor equivalence of f(R) gravity is considered, which provides useful information about the possibility of the occurrence of a future singularity. The so-called Little Rip and Pseudo-Rip are also studied in the framework of this class of modified gravities.
gr-qc/9804005
Vojtich Pravda
J. Bicak and V. Pravda
Curvature invariants in type N spacetimes
17 pages, to appear in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.15:1539-1555,1998
10.1088/0264-9381/15/6/011
null
gr-qc
null
Scalar curvature invariants are studied in type N solutions of vacuum Einstein's equations with in general non-vanishing cosmological constant Lambda. Zero-order invariants which include only the metric and Weyl (Riemann) tensor either vanish, or are constants depending on Lambda. Even all higher-order invariants containing covariant derivatives of the Weyl (Riemann) tensor are shown to be trivial if a type N spacetime admits a non-expanding and non-twisting null geodesic congruence. However, in the case of expanding type N spacetimes we discover a non-vanishing scalar invariant which is quartic in the second derivatives of the Riemann tensor. We use this invariant to demonstrate that both linearized and the third order type N twisting solutions recently discussed in literature contain singularities at large distances and thus cannot describe radiation fields outside bounded sources.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Apr 1998 14:54:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Apr 1998 15:20:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Bicak", "J.", "" ], [ "Pravda", "V.", "" ] ]
Scalar curvature invariants are studied in type N solutions of vacuum Einstein's equations with in general non-vanishing cosmological constant Lambda. Zero-order invariants which include only the metric and Weyl (Riemann) tensor either vanish, or are constants depending on Lambda. Even all higher-order invariants containing covariant derivatives of the Weyl (Riemann) tensor are shown to be trivial if a type N spacetime admits a non-expanding and non-twisting null geodesic congruence. However, in the case of expanding type N spacetimes we discover a non-vanishing scalar invariant which is quartic in the second derivatives of the Riemann tensor. We use this invariant to demonstrate that both linearized and the third order type N twisting solutions recently discussed in literature contain singularities at large distances and thus cannot describe radiation fields outside bounded sources.
1511.07095
Woei Chet Lim
Alan Coley and Woei Chet Lim
Spikes and matter inhomogeneities in massless scalar field models
24 pages, 3 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 33 (2016) 015009
10.1088/0264-9381/33/1/015009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We shall discuss the general relativistic generation of spikes in a massless scalar field or stiff perfect fluid model. We first investigate orthogonally transitive (OT) $G_2$ stiff fluid spike models both heuristically and numerically, and give a new exact OT $G_2$ stiff fluid spike solution. We then present a new two-parameter family of non-OT $G_2$ stiff fluid spike solutions, obtained by the generalization of non-OT $G_2$ vacuum spike solutions to the stiff fluid case by applying Geroch's transformation on a Jacobs seed. The dynamics of these new stiff fluid spike solutions is qualitatively different from that of the vacuum spike solutions, in that the matter (stiff fluid) feels the spike directly and the stiff fluid spike solution can end up with a permanent spike. We then derive the evolution equations of non-OT $G_2$ stiff fluid models, including a second perfect fluid, in full generality, and briefly discuss some of their qualitative properties and their potential numerical analysis. Finally, we discuss how a fluid, and especially a stiff fluid or massless scalar field, affects the physics of the generation of spikes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Nov 2015 02:14:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 Jan 2017 22:50:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-01-12
[ [ "Coley", "Alan", "" ], [ "Lim", "Woei Chet", "" ] ]
We shall discuss the general relativistic generation of spikes in a massless scalar field or stiff perfect fluid model. We first investigate orthogonally transitive (OT) $G_2$ stiff fluid spike models both heuristically and numerically, and give a new exact OT $G_2$ stiff fluid spike solution. We then present a new two-parameter family of non-OT $G_2$ stiff fluid spike solutions, obtained by the generalization of non-OT $G_2$ vacuum spike solutions to the stiff fluid case by applying Geroch's transformation on a Jacobs seed. The dynamics of these new stiff fluid spike solutions is qualitatively different from that of the vacuum spike solutions, in that the matter (stiff fluid) feels the spike directly and the stiff fluid spike solution can end up with a permanent spike. We then derive the evolution equations of non-OT $G_2$ stiff fluid models, including a second perfect fluid, in full generality, and briefly discuss some of their qualitative properties and their potential numerical analysis. Finally, we discuss how a fluid, and especially a stiff fluid or massless scalar field, affects the physics of the generation of spikes.
gr-qc/9601037
Erik Martinez
Erik A. Martinez (Center for Gravitational Physics and Geometry, Penn State, USA)
Fundamental thermodynamical equation of a self-gravitating system
30 pages, Revtex, no figures; Introduction rewritten and small changes included throughout to improve presentation; to appear in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D53 (1996) 7062-7072
10.1103/PhysRevD.53.7062
CGPG-96/1-6
gr-qc hep-th
null
The features of the fundamental thermodynamical relation (expressing entropy as function of state variables) that arise from the self-gravitating character of a system are analyzed. The models studied include not only a spherically symmetric hot matter shell with constant particle number but also a black hole characterized by a general thermal equation of state. These examples illustrate the formal structure of thermodynamics developed by Callen as applied to a gravitational configuration as well as the phenomenological manner in which Einstein equations largely determine the thermodynamical equations of state. We consider in detail the thermodynamics and quasi-static collapse of a self-gravitating shell. This includes a discussion of intrinsic stability for a one-parameter family of thermal equations of state and the interpretation of the Bekenstein bound. The entropy growth associated with a collapsing sequence of equilibrium states of a shell is computed under different boundary conditions in the quasi-static approximation and compared with black hole entropy. Although explicit expressions involve empirical coefficients, these are constrained by physical conditions of thermodynamical origin. The absence of a Gibbs-Duhem relation and the associated scaling laws for self-gravitating matter systems are presented.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Jan 1996 14:18:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Apr 1996 14:23:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Martinez", "Erik A.", "", "Center for Gravitational Physics and Geometry, Penn\n State, USA" ] ]
The features of the fundamental thermodynamical relation (expressing entropy as function of state variables) that arise from the self-gravitating character of a system are analyzed. The models studied include not only a spherically symmetric hot matter shell with constant particle number but also a black hole characterized by a general thermal equation of state. These examples illustrate the formal structure of thermodynamics developed by Callen as applied to a gravitational configuration as well as the phenomenological manner in which Einstein equations largely determine the thermodynamical equations of state. We consider in detail the thermodynamics and quasi-static collapse of a self-gravitating shell. This includes a discussion of intrinsic stability for a one-parameter family of thermal equations of state and the interpretation of the Bekenstein bound. The entropy growth associated with a collapsing sequence of equilibrium states of a shell is computed under different boundary conditions in the quasi-static approximation and compared with black hole entropy. Although explicit expressions involve empirical coefficients, these are constrained by physical conditions of thermodynamical origin. The absence of a Gibbs-Duhem relation and the associated scaling laws for self-gravitating matter systems are presented.
1905.08512
Giovanni Acquaviva
Morteza Kerachian, Giovanni Acquaviva, Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos
Classes of non-minimally coupled scalar fields in spatially curved FRW spacetimes
13 pages, 7 figures
Phys. Rev. D 99, 123516 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.123516
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we perform a dynamical analysis of a broad class of non-minimally coupled real scalar fields in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) spacetime framework. The first part of our study concerns the dynamics of an unspecified positive potential in a spatially curved FRW spacetime, for which we define a new set of dimensionless variables and a new evolution parameter. In the framework of this general setup we have recognized several general features of the system, like symmetries, invariant subsets and critical points, and provide their cosmological interpretation. The second part of our work focuses on flat FRW cases for which the tracker parameter is constant, i.e. we examine specific classes of potentials. After analyzing these cases dynamically, we discuss their physical interpretation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 May 2019 09:27:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-06-18
[ [ "Kerachian", "Morteza", "" ], [ "Acquaviva", "Giovanni", "" ], [ "Lukes-Gerakopoulos", "Georgios", "" ] ]
In this work we perform a dynamical analysis of a broad class of non-minimally coupled real scalar fields in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) spacetime framework. The first part of our study concerns the dynamics of an unspecified positive potential in a spatially curved FRW spacetime, for which we define a new set of dimensionless variables and a new evolution parameter. In the framework of this general setup we have recognized several general features of the system, like symmetries, invariant subsets and critical points, and provide their cosmological interpretation. The second part of our work focuses on flat FRW cases for which the tracker parameter is constant, i.e. we examine specific classes of potentials. After analyzing these cases dynamically, we discuss their physical interpretation.
1804.05382
Jos\'e Tom\'as G\'alvez Ghersi
Aditya Dhumuntarao, Jos\'e Tom\'as G\'alvez Ghersi, Niayesh Afshordi
Instantaneous Temperatures \`a la Hadamard: Towards a generalized Stefan-Boltzmann law for curved spacetime
REVTeX 4.1, 10 pages, 2 figures. Considered effects from higher order terms in the quasi-local expansion. Minor typos fixed, conclusions revised
null
null
SCG-2018-04
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the celebrated Unruh effect, we learn that a uniformly accelerating detector in a Minkowski vacuum spacetime registers a constant temperature. Building on prior work, we present a technique based on derivative couplings of the two-point Wightman function and the Hadamard renormalization procedure to define an instantaneous temperature for a massive scalar field, non-minimally coupled to gravity. We find the temperature contains local contributions from the acceleration of the detector, the curvature of spacetime, and the renormalized stress-energy tensor of the field. Our result, which can be considered as a generalized Stefan-Boltzmann law for curved spacetimes, agrees with the familiar expressions found in 4D Rindler, thermal Minkowski, and de Sitter.
[ { "created": "Sun, 15 Apr 2018 17:09:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Apr 2018 20:03:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-04-19
[ [ "Dhumuntarao", "Aditya", "" ], [ "Ghersi", "José Tomás Gálvez", "" ], [ "Afshordi", "Niayesh", "" ] ]
In the celebrated Unruh effect, we learn that a uniformly accelerating detector in a Minkowski vacuum spacetime registers a constant temperature. Building on prior work, we present a technique based on derivative couplings of the two-point Wightman function and the Hadamard renormalization procedure to define an instantaneous temperature for a massive scalar field, non-minimally coupled to gravity. We find the temperature contains local contributions from the acceleration of the detector, the curvature of spacetime, and the renormalized stress-energy tensor of the field. Our result, which can be considered as a generalized Stefan-Boltzmann law for curved spacetimes, agrees with the familiar expressions found in 4D Rindler, thermal Minkowski, and de Sitter.
2209.04429
Martin Bojowald
Martin Bojowald and Freddy Hancock
Quasiclassical model of inhomogeneous cosmology
43 pages, 11 figures
Class. Quantum Grav. 40 (2023) 155012
10.1088/1361-6382/acdd45
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Fluctuation terms and higher moments of a quantum state imply corrections to the classical equations of motion that may have implications in early-universe cosmology, for instance in the state-dependent form of effective potentials. In addition, space-time properties are relevant in cosmology, in particular when combined with quantum corrections required to maintain general covariance in a consistent way. Here, an extension of previous investigations of static quasiclassical space-time models to dynamical ones is presented, describing the evolution of 1-dimensional space as in the classical Lemaitre--Tolman--Bondi models. The corresponding spatial metric has two independent components, both of which are in general subject to quantum fluctuations. The main result is that individual moments from both components are indeed required for general covariance to be maintained at a semiclassical level, while quantum correlations between the components are less relevant.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Sep 2022 17:41:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-07-10
[ [ "Bojowald", "Martin", "" ], [ "Hancock", "Freddy", "" ] ]
Fluctuation terms and higher moments of a quantum state imply corrections to the classical equations of motion that may have implications in early-universe cosmology, for instance in the state-dependent form of effective potentials. In addition, space-time properties are relevant in cosmology, in particular when combined with quantum corrections required to maintain general covariance in a consistent way. Here, an extension of previous investigations of static quasiclassical space-time models to dynamical ones is presented, describing the evolution of 1-dimensional space as in the classical Lemaitre--Tolman--Bondi models. The corresponding spatial metric has two independent components, both of which are in general subject to quantum fluctuations. The main result is that individual moments from both components are indeed required for general covariance to be maintained at a semiclassical level, while quantum correlations between the components are less relevant.
2305.12771
Uwe R. Fischer
Sang-Shin Baak, Satadal Datta, Uwe R. Fischer
Petrov classification of analogue spacetimes
11 pages, 2 figures; added section with general considerations on possible Petrov types of Painlev\'e-Gullstrand geometries, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class. Quantum Grav. 40, 215001 (2023)
10.1088/1361-6382/acf08e
null
gr-qc cond-mat.quant-gas
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In an effort to invariantly characterize the conformal curvature structure of analogue spacetimes built from a nonrelativistic fluid background, we determine the Petrov type of a variety of laboratory geometries. Starting from the simplest examples, we increase the complexity of the background, and thereby determine how the laboratory fluid symmetry affects the corresponding Petrov type in the analogue spacetime realm of the sound waves. We find that for more complex flows isolated hypersurfaces develop, which are of a Petrov type differing from that of the surrounding fluid. {Finally, we demonstrate that within the incompressible background approximation, as well as for all compressible quasi-one-dimensional flows, the only possible Petrov types are the algebraically general type I and the algebraically special types O and D.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 May 2023 07:01:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 May 2023 04:55:16 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Aug 2023 09:41:21 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-10-06
[ [ "Baak", "Sang-Shin", "" ], [ "Datta", "Satadal", "" ], [ "Fischer", "Uwe R.", "" ] ]
In an effort to invariantly characterize the conformal curvature structure of analogue spacetimes built from a nonrelativistic fluid background, we determine the Petrov type of a variety of laboratory geometries. Starting from the simplest examples, we increase the complexity of the background, and thereby determine how the laboratory fluid symmetry affects the corresponding Petrov type in the analogue spacetime realm of the sound waves. We find that for more complex flows isolated hypersurfaces develop, which are of a Petrov type differing from that of the surrounding fluid. {Finally, we demonstrate that within the incompressible background approximation, as well as for all compressible quasi-one-dimensional flows, the only possible Petrov types are the algebraically general type I and the algebraically special types O and D.
1507.05099
Marcus Werner
Marcus C. Werner
A geometrical approach to gravitational lensing magnification
4 pages, for the Proceedings of the 14th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, based on gr-qc/1507.02765
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The standard definition of gravitational lensing magnification is generalized to Lorentzian spacetimes, and it is shown how it can be interpreted geometrically in terms of the van Vleck determinant and the exponential map. This is joint work with Amir B. Aazami (Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo).
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Jul 2015 20:02:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-07-21
[ [ "Werner", "Marcus C.", "" ] ]
The standard definition of gravitational lensing magnification is generalized to Lorentzian spacetimes, and it is shown how it can be interpreted geometrically in terms of the van Vleck determinant and the exponential map. This is joint work with Amir B. Aazami (Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo).
2308.15354
Zheng Wu
Zheng Wu, Hui-Min Fan, Yi-Ming Hu, Ik Siong Heng
Searching for gravitational-wave bursts with space-borne detectors
13 pages, 9 figures, comments welcome
the 15 May 2024 issue of Physical Review D (Vol. 109, No. 10)
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.103004
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The millihertz gravitational wave band is expected to be opened by space-borne detectors like TianQin. Various mechanisms can produce short outbursts of gravitational waves, whose actual waveform can be hard to model. In order to identify such gravitational wave bursts and not to misclassify them as noise transients, we proposed a proof-of-principle energy excess method, that utilized the signal-insensitive channel to veto noise transients. We perform a test on simulated data, and for bursts with a signal-to-noise ratio of 20, even with the contamination of noise transient, our methods can reach a detection efficiency of 97.4% under a false alarm rate of once per year. However, more frequent occurrences of noise transients would lower the detection efficiency.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Aug 2023 14:49:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 May 2024 07:55:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-15
[ [ "Wu", "Zheng", "" ], [ "Fan", "Hui-Min", "" ], [ "Hu", "Yi-Ming", "" ], [ "Heng", "Ik Siong", "" ] ]
The millihertz gravitational wave band is expected to be opened by space-borne detectors like TianQin. Various mechanisms can produce short outbursts of gravitational waves, whose actual waveform can be hard to model. In order to identify such gravitational wave bursts and not to misclassify them as noise transients, we proposed a proof-of-principle energy excess method, that utilized the signal-insensitive channel to veto noise transients. We perform a test on simulated data, and for bursts with a signal-to-noise ratio of 20, even with the contamination of noise transient, our methods can reach a detection efficiency of 97.4% under a false alarm rate of once per year. However, more frequent occurrences of noise transients would lower the detection efficiency.
gr-qc/0004046
Jelle Boersma
Jelle P. Boersma
Variational dynamics in open spacetimes
21 pages, Latex, no figures
Phys.Rev. D60 (1999) 084013
10.1103/PhysRevD.60.084013
null
gr-qc
null
We study the effect of non-vanishing surface terms at spatial infinity on the dynamics of a scalar field in an open FLRW spacetime. Starting from the path-integral formulation of quantum field theory we argue that classical physics is described by field configurations which extremize the action functional in the space of field configurations for which the variation of the action is well defined. Since these field configurations are not required to vanish outside a bounded domain, there is generally a non-vanishing contribution of a surface term to the variation of the action. We then investigate whether this surface term has an effect on the dynamics of the action-extremizing field configurations. This question appears to be surprisingly nontrivial in the case of the open FLRW geometry, since surface terms tend to grow as fast as volume terms in the infinite volume limit. We find that surface terms can be important for the dynamics of the field at a classical and at a quantum level, when there are supercurvature perturbations.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Apr 2000 11:21:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Boersma", "Jelle P.", "" ] ]
We study the effect of non-vanishing surface terms at spatial infinity on the dynamics of a scalar field in an open FLRW spacetime. Starting from the path-integral formulation of quantum field theory we argue that classical physics is described by field configurations which extremize the action functional in the space of field configurations for which the variation of the action is well defined. Since these field configurations are not required to vanish outside a bounded domain, there is generally a non-vanishing contribution of a surface term to the variation of the action. We then investigate whether this surface term has an effect on the dynamics of the action-extremizing field configurations. This question appears to be surprisingly nontrivial in the case of the open FLRW geometry, since surface terms tend to grow as fast as volume terms in the infinite volume limit. We find that surface terms can be important for the dynamics of the field at a classical and at a quantum level, when there are supercurvature perturbations.
1908.05332
Arvin Ravanpak
Arvin Ravanpak, Golnaz Farpour Fadakar
Interacting Agegraphic Dark Energy Model in DGP Braneworld Cosmology: Dynamical System Approach
null
Mod. Phys. Lett. A 34, 1950105 (2019)
10.1142/S0217732319501050
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A proposal to study the effect of interaction in an agegraphic dark energy model in DGP brane-world cosmology is presented in this manuscript. After explaining the details, we proceed to apply the dynamical system approach to the model to analyze its stability. We first, constrain model parameters with a variety of independent observational data such as cosmic microwave background anisotropies, baryon acoustic oscillation peaks and observational Hubble data. Then, we obtain the critical points related to different cosmological epochs. In particular, we conclude that in the presence of interaction, dark energy dominated era could be a stable point if model parameters $n$ and $\beta$, obey a given constraint. Also, big rip singularity is avoidable in this model.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Aug 2019 20:10:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-08-16
[ [ "Ravanpak", "Arvin", "" ], [ "Fadakar", "Golnaz Farpour", "" ] ]
A proposal to study the effect of interaction in an agegraphic dark energy model in DGP brane-world cosmology is presented in this manuscript. After explaining the details, we proceed to apply the dynamical system approach to the model to analyze its stability. We first, constrain model parameters with a variety of independent observational data such as cosmic microwave background anisotropies, baryon acoustic oscillation peaks and observational Hubble data. Then, we obtain the critical points related to different cosmological epochs. In particular, we conclude that in the presence of interaction, dark energy dominated era could be a stable point if model parameters $n$ and $\beta$, obey a given constraint. Also, big rip singularity is avoidable in this model.
1610.05753
Parthapratim Pradhan
Parthapratim Pradhan
Enthalpy, Geometric Volume and Logarithmic correction to Entropy for Van-der-Waals Black Hole
EPL version, 7 pages, 5 figures
EPL, 116 (2016) 10001
10.1209/0295-5075/116/10001
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
If the negative cosmological constant is treated as a dynamical pressure and if the volume be its thermodynamically conjugate variable then the gravitational mass can be expressed as the total gravitational enthalpy rather than the energy. Under these circumstances, a new phenomena emerges in the context of extended phase space thermodynamics. We \emph{examine} here these features for recently discovered Van-der-Waal (VDW) black hole (BH) \cite{mann15} which is analogous to the VDW fluid. We show that the thermodynamic volume is \emph{greater} than the naive geometric volume. We also show that the \emph{Smarr-Gibbs-Duhem} relation is satisfied for this BH. Furthermore, by computing the thermal specific heat we find the local thermodynamic stability criterion for this BH. It has been observed that the BH does \emph{not} possess any kind of second order phase transition. This is an interesting feature of VDW BH by its own right. Moreover, we also derive \emph{Cosmic-Censorship-Inequality} for this class of BH. In addition finally, we compute the \emph{logarithmic correction} to the entropy of this BH due to the quantum fluctuations around the thermal equilibrium.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Oct 2016 19:35:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-08
[ [ "Pradhan", "Parthapratim", "" ] ]
If the negative cosmological constant is treated as a dynamical pressure and if the volume be its thermodynamically conjugate variable then the gravitational mass can be expressed as the total gravitational enthalpy rather than the energy. Under these circumstances, a new phenomena emerges in the context of extended phase space thermodynamics. We \emph{examine} here these features for recently discovered Van-der-Waal (VDW) black hole (BH) \cite{mann15} which is analogous to the VDW fluid. We show that the thermodynamic volume is \emph{greater} than the naive geometric volume. We also show that the \emph{Smarr-Gibbs-Duhem} relation is satisfied for this BH. Furthermore, by computing the thermal specific heat we find the local thermodynamic stability criterion for this BH. It has been observed that the BH does \emph{not} possess any kind of second order phase transition. This is an interesting feature of VDW BH by its own right. Moreover, we also derive \emph{Cosmic-Censorship-Inequality} for this class of BH. In addition finally, we compute the \emph{logarithmic correction} to the entropy of this BH due to the quantum fluctuations around the thermal equilibrium.
2309.13894
Fil Simovic
Fil Simovic
Black Holes, Equilibrium, and Cosmology
9 pages, 1 figure. Honorable Mention for the Gravity Research Foundation 2023 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
We trace the origins and development of black hole thermodynamics across the past half-century, emphasizing the framework's relation to classical thermodynamics, and the vital role played by the notions of equilibrium, stationarity, and symmetry. We discuss different interpretations of the first law of black hole mechanics, and assess the validity of its mechanical, process-based interpretation for evaporating black holes. We bring these ideas to the cosmological realm, and highlight the various difficulties that arise when formulating thermodynamics for black holes in asymptotically de Sitter backgrounds. We discuss a number of proposed solutions and the open questions that arise therein.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Sep 2023 06:19:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-26
[ [ "Simovic", "Fil", "" ] ]
We trace the origins and development of black hole thermodynamics across the past half-century, emphasizing the framework's relation to classical thermodynamics, and the vital role played by the notions of equilibrium, stationarity, and symmetry. We discuss different interpretations of the first law of black hole mechanics, and assess the validity of its mechanical, process-based interpretation for evaporating black holes. We bring these ideas to the cosmological realm, and highlight the various difficulties that arise when formulating thermodynamics for black holes in asymptotically de Sitter backgrounds. We discuss a number of proposed solutions and the open questions that arise therein.
1304.2796
Krzysztof Urbanowski
K. Urbanowski and M. Szydlowski
Cosmology with a decaying vacuum
4 pages, 2 figures, based on a talk given at Multiverse and Fundamental Cosmology (Multicosmofun'12), Szczecin, Poland, 10-14 September 2012. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1006.2417 by other authors
AIP Conf. Proc. 1514, 143 (2013)
10.1063/1.4791743
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Properties of unstable false vacuum states are analyzed from the point of view of the quantum theory of unstable states. Some of false vacuum states survive up to times when their survival probability has a non-exponential form. At times much latter than the transition time, when contributions to the survival probability of its exponential and non-exponential parts are comparable, the survival probability as a function of time t has an inverse power-like form. We show that at this time region the instantaneous energy of the false vacuum states tends to the energy of the true vacuum state as $1/t^{2}$ for $t \to \infty$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Apr 2013 11:25:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-04-11
[ [ "Urbanowski", "K.", "" ], [ "Szydlowski", "M.", "" ] ]
Properties of unstable false vacuum states are analyzed from the point of view of the quantum theory of unstable states. Some of false vacuum states survive up to times when their survival probability has a non-exponential form. At times much latter than the transition time, when contributions to the survival probability of its exponential and non-exponential parts are comparable, the survival probability as a function of time t has an inverse power-like form. We show that at this time region the instantaneous energy of the false vacuum states tends to the energy of the true vacuum state as $1/t^{2}$ for $t \to \infty$.
2107.04467
Guangzhou Guo
Guangzhou Guo, Peng Wang, Houwen Wu and Haitang Yang
Thermodynamics and Phase Structure of an Einstein-Maxwell-scalar Model in Extended Phase Space
v1: 16 pages, 9 figures; v2: 16 pages, 9 figures, references added
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.064069
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study thermodynamics and phase structure of asymptotically AdS hairy and Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m-AdS (RNAdS) black holes in the extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is interpreted as a thermal pressure. The RNAdS and hairy black holes are black hole solutions of an Einstein-Maxwell-scalar (EMS) model with a non-minimal coupling between the scalar and electromagnetic fields. The Smarr relation, the first law of thermodynamics and the free energy are derived for black hole solutions in the EMS model. Moreover, the phase structure of the RNAdS and hairy black holes is investigated in canonical and grand canonical ensembles. Interestingly, RNAdS BH/hairy BH/RNAdS BH reentrant phase transitions, consisting of zeroth-order and second-order phase transitions, are found in both ensembles.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Jul 2021 14:33:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Jul 2021 13:07:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-04-13
[ [ "Guo", "Guangzhou", "" ], [ "Wang", "Peng", "" ], [ "Wu", "Houwen", "" ], [ "Yang", "Haitang", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study thermodynamics and phase structure of asymptotically AdS hairy and Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m-AdS (RNAdS) black holes in the extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is interpreted as a thermal pressure. The RNAdS and hairy black holes are black hole solutions of an Einstein-Maxwell-scalar (EMS) model with a non-minimal coupling between the scalar and electromagnetic fields. The Smarr relation, the first law of thermodynamics and the free energy are derived for black hole solutions in the EMS model. Moreover, the phase structure of the RNAdS and hairy black holes is investigated in canonical and grand canonical ensembles. Interestingly, RNAdS BH/hairy BH/RNAdS BH reentrant phase transitions, consisting of zeroth-order and second-order phase transitions, are found in both ensembles.
gr-qc/9405006
null
B.A.C.C. Bassett, P.K.S. Dunsby and G.F.R. Ellis
Shrinking and the True Power Spectrum at Decoupling
21 pages, Latex, postscript figures available on request, revised and enlarged to include a discussion of the doppler peaks
null
null
UCT preprint-94/4
gr-qc astro-ph
null
In this paper we examine the change in the estimated spatial power spectra at decoupling due to the effects of our clumpy universe which modify observational distances. We find that scales at decoupling can be significantly underestmated in our approximation of neglecting the shear of the ray bundle. We compare our results with other work on lensing and speculate on the implications for structure formation. In particular we examine a proposal to use the position of the first Doppler peak to determine $\Omega$, and find that shrinking will modify the esimated curvature, so that it must be included to obtain an accurate estimate of $\Omega$. Finally we consider future applications and improvements of our results.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 May 1994 16:32:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Oct 1994 13:04:32 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Oct 1994 20:06:06 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-09-25
[ [ "Bassett", "B. A. C. C.", "" ], [ "Dunsby", "P. K. S.", "" ], [ "Ellis", "G. F. R.", "" ] ]
In this paper we examine the change in the estimated spatial power spectra at decoupling due to the effects of our clumpy universe which modify observational distances. We find that scales at decoupling can be significantly underestmated in our approximation of neglecting the shear of the ray bundle. We compare our results with other work on lensing and speculate on the implications for structure formation. In particular we examine a proposal to use the position of the first Doppler peak to determine $\Omega$, and find that shrinking will modify the esimated curvature, so that it must be included to obtain an accurate estimate of $\Omega$. Finally we consider future applications and improvements of our results.
1610.03102
Andrei Lebed G
Andrei G. Lebed
Inequivalence Between Passive Gravitational Mass and Energy for a Quantum Body: Theory and Suggested Experiment
Presentation at the 21st International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (New York, USA; July 2016)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently, we have suggested some semi-quantitative Hamiltonian for an electron in a hydrogen atom in a weak gravitational field, which takes into account quantum effects of electron motion in the atom. We have shown that this Hamiltonian predicts breakdown of the equivalence between passive electron gravitational mass and its energy. Moreover, as has been shown by us, the latter phenomenon can be experimentally observed as unusual emission of radiation from an ensemble of the atoms, provided that they are moved in the Earth's gravitational field with constant velocity by some spacecraft. In this article, we derive the above-mentioned Hamiltonian from the Dirac equation in a curved spacetime. It is shown that it exactly coincides with the semi-quantitative Hamiltonian, used in our previous papers. We extend the obtained Hamiltonian to the case of a spacecraft, containing a macroscopic ensemble of the atoms and moving with a constant velocity in the Earth's gravitational field. On this basis, we discuss some idealized and realistic experiments on the Earth's orbit. If such (realistic) experiment is done, it will be the first direct observation of quantum effects in the General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Oct 2016 21:40:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-10-12
[ [ "Lebed", "Andrei G.", "" ] ]
Recently, we have suggested some semi-quantitative Hamiltonian for an electron in a hydrogen atom in a weak gravitational field, which takes into account quantum effects of electron motion in the atom. We have shown that this Hamiltonian predicts breakdown of the equivalence between passive electron gravitational mass and its energy. Moreover, as has been shown by us, the latter phenomenon can be experimentally observed as unusual emission of radiation from an ensemble of the atoms, provided that they are moved in the Earth's gravitational field with constant velocity by some spacecraft. In this article, we derive the above-mentioned Hamiltonian from the Dirac equation in a curved spacetime. It is shown that it exactly coincides with the semi-quantitative Hamiltonian, used in our previous papers. We extend the obtained Hamiltonian to the case of a spacecraft, containing a macroscopic ensemble of the atoms and moving with a constant velocity in the Earth's gravitational field. On this basis, we discuss some idealized and realistic experiments on the Earth's orbit. If such (realistic) experiment is done, it will be the first direct observation of quantum effects in the General Relativity.
gr-qc/0208037
Dimitar Mladenov
A.M. Khvedelidze and D.M. Mladenov
Bianchi type I cosmology and the Euler-Calogero-Sutherland model
13 pages, LaTeX, no figures. V2: Title and abstract slightly changed, typos corrected. V3: Minor changes, version to appear in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 123504
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.123504
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP nlin.SI
null
The Bianchi type I cosmological model is brought into a form where the evolution of observables is governed by the unconstrained Hamiltonian that coincides with the Hamiltonian describing the relative motion of particles in the integrable three-body hyperbolic Euler-Calogero-Sutherland system.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Aug 2002 15:19:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Sep 2002 18:07:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Dec 2002 15:57:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Khvedelidze", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Mladenov", "D. M.", "" ] ]
The Bianchi type I cosmological model is brought into a form where the evolution of observables is governed by the unconstrained Hamiltonian that coincides with the Hamiltonian describing the relative motion of particles in the integrable three-body hyperbolic Euler-Calogero-Sutherland system.
1211.7099
Yosef Zlochower
Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower
Nonlinear Gravitational Recoil from the Mergers of Precessing Black-Hole Binaries
Fix sign error in table 1. Repeated terms dropped in table 5
Phys. Rev. D 87, 084027 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.084027
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present results from an extensive study of 88 precessing, equal-mass black-hole binaries with large spins (83 with intrinsic spins of 0.8 and 5 with intrinsic spins of 0.9)and use these data to model new nonlinear contributions to the gravitational recoil imparted to the merged black hole. We find a new effect, the cross kick, that enhances the recoil for partially aligned binaries beyond the hangup kick effect. This has the consequence of increasing the probabilities of recoils larger than 2000 km/s by nearly a factor two, and, consequently, of black holes getting ejected from galaxies, as well as the observation of large differential redshifts/blueshifts in the cores of recently merged galaxies.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Nov 2012 21:46:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Feb 2013 20:17:17 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Mar 2013 18:05:17 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 12 Jan 2014 16:24:36 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2014-01-14
[ [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ], [ "Zlochower", "Yosef", "" ] ]
We present results from an extensive study of 88 precessing, equal-mass black-hole binaries with large spins (83 with intrinsic spins of 0.8 and 5 with intrinsic spins of 0.9)and use these data to model new nonlinear contributions to the gravitational recoil imparted to the merged black hole. We find a new effect, the cross kick, that enhances the recoil for partially aligned binaries beyond the hangup kick effect. This has the consequence of increasing the probabilities of recoils larger than 2000 km/s by nearly a factor two, and, consequently, of black holes getting ejected from galaxies, as well as the observation of large differential redshifts/blueshifts in the cores of recently merged galaxies.
1501.02963
Alejandro Perez
J. Fernando Barbero G. and Alejandro Perez
Quantum Geometry and Black Holes
Contribution to appear in the World Scientific series "100 Years of General Relativity" edited by A. Ashtekar and J. Pullin
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present an overall picture of the advances in the description of black hole physics from the perspective of loop quantum gravity. After an introduction that discusses the main conceptual issues we present some details about the classical and quantum geometry of isolated horizons and their quantum geometry and then use this scheme to give a natural definition of the entropy of black holes. The entropy computations can be neatly expressed in the form of combinatorial problems solvable with the help of methods based on number theory and the use of generating functions. The recovery of the Bekenstein-Hawking law and corrections to it is explained in some detail. After this, due attention is paid to the discussion of semiclassical issues. An important point in this respect is the proper interpretation of the horizon area as the energy that should appear in the statistical-mechanical treatment of the black hole model presented here. The chapter ends with a comparison between the microscopic and semiclassical approaches to the computation of the entropy and discusses a number of issues regarding the relation between entanglement and statistical entropy and the possibility of comparing the subdominant (logarithmic) corrections to the entropy obtained with the help of the Euclidean path integral with the ones obtained in the present framework.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Jan 2015 11:28:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-01-14
[ [ "G.", "J. Fernando Barbero", "" ], [ "Perez", "Alejandro", "" ] ]
We present an overall picture of the advances in the description of black hole physics from the perspective of loop quantum gravity. After an introduction that discusses the main conceptual issues we present some details about the classical and quantum geometry of isolated horizons and their quantum geometry and then use this scheme to give a natural definition of the entropy of black holes. The entropy computations can be neatly expressed in the form of combinatorial problems solvable with the help of methods based on number theory and the use of generating functions. The recovery of the Bekenstein-Hawking law and corrections to it is explained in some detail. After this, due attention is paid to the discussion of semiclassical issues. An important point in this respect is the proper interpretation of the horizon area as the energy that should appear in the statistical-mechanical treatment of the black hole model presented here. The chapter ends with a comparison between the microscopic and semiclassical approaches to the computation of the entropy and discusses a number of issues regarding the relation between entanglement and statistical entropy and the possibility of comparing the subdominant (logarithmic) corrections to the entropy obtained with the help of the Euclidean path integral with the ones obtained in the present framework.
gr-qc/0106040
Eugen Radu
J.J. van der Bij and Eugen Radu (Faculty of Physics, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany)
Gravitating sphalerons and sphaleron black holes in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime
30 pages, LaTeX, 8 Encapsulated PostScript figures
Phys.Rev. D64 (2001) 064020
10.1103/PhysRevD.64.064020
Freiburg-THEP 01/02
gr-qc
null
Numerical arguments are presented for the existence of spherically symmetric regular and black hole solutions of the EYMH equations with a negative cosmological constant. These solutions approach asymptotically the anti-de Sitter spacetime. The main properties of the solutions and the differences with respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. The instability of the gravitating sphaleron solutions is also proven.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Jun 2001 16:45:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "van der Bij", "J. J.", "", "Faculty of Physics,\n Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "", "Faculty of Physics,\n Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany" ] ]
Numerical arguments are presented for the existence of spherically symmetric regular and black hole solutions of the EYMH equations with a negative cosmological constant. These solutions approach asymptotically the anti-de Sitter spacetime. The main properties of the solutions and the differences with respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. The instability of the gravitating sphaleron solutions is also proven.
1103.3149
Adriano Contillo
Adriano Contillo
Inflation in asymptotically safe f(R) theory
Presented at 14th Conference on Recent Developments in Gravity: NEB 14, Ioannina, Greece, 8-11 Jun 2010
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.283:012009,2011
10.1088/1742-6596/283/1/012009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the existence of inflationary solutions in a class of renormalization group improved polynomial f(R) theories, which have been studied recently in the context of the asymptotic safety scenario for quantum gravity. These theories seem to possess a nontrivial ultraviolet fixed point, where the dimensionful couplings scale according to their canonical dimensionality. Assuming that the cutoff is proportional to the Hubble parameter, we obtain modified Friedmann equations which admit both power law and exponential solutions. We establish that for sufficiently high order polynomial the solutions are reliable, in the sense that considering still higher order polynomials is very unlikely to change the solution.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Mar 2011 11:32:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-22
[ [ "Contillo", "Adriano", "" ] ]
We discuss the existence of inflationary solutions in a class of renormalization group improved polynomial f(R) theories, which have been studied recently in the context of the asymptotic safety scenario for quantum gravity. These theories seem to possess a nontrivial ultraviolet fixed point, where the dimensionful couplings scale according to their canonical dimensionality. Assuming that the cutoff is proportional to the Hubble parameter, we obtain modified Friedmann equations which admit both power law and exponential solutions. We establish that for sufficiently high order polynomial the solutions are reliable, in the sense that considering still higher order polynomials is very unlikely to change the solution.
1707.06930
Abhik Kumar Sanyal Dr.
Abhik Kumar Sanyal
Semiclassical gravity with a nonminimally coupled scalar field
8, pages, 0 figures
International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 10, No. 15, 2231-2240 (1995)
10.1142/S0217751X9500108X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Semiclassical approximation to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation which corresponds to gravity with a minimally coupled scalar field has been performed. To the leading order, vacuum Einstein's equation along with the functional Schrodinger equation for the matter field, propagating in the background of classical curved space are obtained. The Schrodinger equation is solved for a quartic potential. It is observed that the wave-functional admits the wormhole boundary condition even for large negative values of the coupling constant epsilon. For conformal coupling epsilon = 1/6, the Hawking-Page wormhole solution is recovered.
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 Jul 2017 15:18:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-07-26
[ [ "Sanyal", "Abhik Kumar", "" ] ]
Semiclassical approximation to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation which corresponds to gravity with a minimally coupled scalar field has been performed. To the leading order, vacuum Einstein's equation along with the functional Schrodinger equation for the matter field, propagating in the background of classical curved space are obtained. The Schrodinger equation is solved for a quartic potential. It is observed that the wave-functional admits the wormhole boundary condition even for large negative values of the coupling constant epsilon. For conformal coupling epsilon = 1/6, the Hawking-Page wormhole solution is recovered.
gr-qc/0203067
Mario La Camera
A. G. Agnese and M. La Camera
Traceless stress-energy and traversable wormholes
revtex4, 7 pages, 1 figure
Nuovo Cim.B117:647-652,2002
null
null
gr-qc
null
A one-parameter family of static and spherically symmetric solutions to Einstein equations with a traceless energy-momentum tensor is found. When the nonzero parameter $\beta$ lies in the open interval $(0,1)$ one obtains traversable Lorentzian wormholes. One also obtains naked singularities when either $\beta < 0$ or $\beta > 1$ and the Schwarzschild black hole for $\beta = 1$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Mar 2002 15:00:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-11
[ [ "Agnese", "A. G.", "" ], [ "La Camera", "M.", "" ] ]
A one-parameter family of static and spherically symmetric solutions to Einstein equations with a traceless energy-momentum tensor is found. When the nonzero parameter $\beta$ lies in the open interval $(0,1)$ one obtains traversable Lorentzian wormholes. One also obtains naked singularities when either $\beta < 0$ or $\beta > 1$ and the Schwarzschild black hole for $\beta = 1$.
1810.00003
Liang Dai
Liang Dai, Shun-Sheng Li, Barak Zackay, Shude Mao, Youjun Lu
Detecting Lensing-Induced Diffraction in Astrophysical Gravitational Waves
14 pages including references; 8 figures; comments are welcome
Phys. Rev. D 98, 104029 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.104029
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational waves emitted from compact binary coalescence can be subject to wave diffraction if they are gravitationally lensed by an intervening mass clump whose Schwarzschild timescale matches the wave period. Waves in the ground-based frequency band $f\sim 10$--$10^3\,$Hz are sensitive to clumps with masses $M_E \sim 10^2$--$10^3\,M_\odot$ enclosed within the impact parameter. These can be the central parts of low mass $M_L \sim 10^3$--$10^6\,M_\odot$ dark matter halos, which are predicted in Cold Dark Matter scenarios but are challenging to observe. Neglecting finely-tuned impact parameters, we focus on lenses aligned generally on the Einstein scale for which multiple lensed images may not form in the case of an extended lens. In this case, diffraction induces amplitude and phase modulations whose sizes $\sim 10\%$--$20\%$ are small enough so that standard matched filtering with unlensed waveforms do not degrade, but are still detectable for events with high signal-to-noise ratio. We develop and test an agnostic detection method based on dynamic programming, which does not require a detailed model of the lensed waveforms. For pseudo-Jaffe lenses aligned up to the Einstein radius, we demonstrate that a pair of fully upgraded aLIGO/Virgo detectors can extract diffraction imprints from binary black hole mergers out to $z_s \sim 0.2$--$0.3$. The prospect will improve dramatically for a third-generation detector for which binary black hole mergers out to $z_s \sim 2$--$4$ will all become valuable sources.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Sep 2018 18:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-11-28
[ [ "Dai", "Liang", "" ], [ "Li", "Shun-Sheng", "" ], [ "Zackay", "Barak", "" ], [ "Mao", "Shude", "" ], [ "Lu", "Youjun", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves emitted from compact binary coalescence can be subject to wave diffraction if they are gravitationally lensed by an intervening mass clump whose Schwarzschild timescale matches the wave period. Waves in the ground-based frequency band $f\sim 10$--$10^3\,$Hz are sensitive to clumps with masses $M_E \sim 10^2$--$10^3\,M_\odot$ enclosed within the impact parameter. These can be the central parts of low mass $M_L \sim 10^3$--$10^6\,M_\odot$ dark matter halos, which are predicted in Cold Dark Matter scenarios but are challenging to observe. Neglecting finely-tuned impact parameters, we focus on lenses aligned generally on the Einstein scale for which multiple lensed images may not form in the case of an extended lens. In this case, diffraction induces amplitude and phase modulations whose sizes $\sim 10\%$--$20\%$ are small enough so that standard matched filtering with unlensed waveforms do not degrade, but are still detectable for events with high signal-to-noise ratio. We develop and test an agnostic detection method based on dynamic programming, which does not require a detailed model of the lensed waveforms. For pseudo-Jaffe lenses aligned up to the Einstein radius, we demonstrate that a pair of fully upgraded aLIGO/Virgo detectors can extract diffraction imprints from binary black hole mergers out to $z_s \sim 0.2$--$0.3$. The prospect will improve dramatically for a third-generation detector for which binary black hole mergers out to $z_s \sim 2$--$4$ will all become valuable sources.
gr-qc/9802012
Felix Finster
Felix Finster, Joel Smoller, and Shing-Tung Yau
Particle-Like Solutions of the Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell Equations
7 pages, LaTeX, 3 PostScript figures (published version)
Phys.Lett.A259:431-436,1999
10.1016/S0375-9601(99)00457-0
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We consider the coupled Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell equations for a static, spherically symmetric system of two fermions in a singlet spinor state. Soliton-like solutions are constructed numerically. The stability and the properties of the ground state solutions are discussed for different values of the electromagnetic coupling constant. We find solutions even when the electromagnetic coupling is so strong that the total interaction is repulsive in the Newtonian limit. Our solutions are regular and well-behaved; this shows that the combined electromagnetic and gravitational self-interaction of the Dirac particles is finite.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Feb 1998 21:38:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Feb 1998 14:51:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Aug 1999 21:46:24 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Finster", "Felix", "" ], [ "Smoller", "Joel", "" ], [ "Yau", "Shing-Tung", "" ] ]
We consider the coupled Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell equations for a static, spherically symmetric system of two fermions in a singlet spinor state. Soliton-like solutions are constructed numerically. The stability and the properties of the ground state solutions are discussed for different values of the electromagnetic coupling constant. We find solutions even when the electromagnetic coupling is so strong that the total interaction is repulsive in the Newtonian limit. Our solutions are regular and well-behaved; this shows that the combined electromagnetic and gravitational self-interaction of the Dirac particles is finite.
1110.3095
Jose Wadih Maluf Dr.
J. W. Maluf and F. F. Faria
Conformally invariant teleparallel theories of gravity
10 pages, no figures. We discuss the construction of the teleparallel version of the Weyl Lagrangian
Phys. Rev. D 85, 027502 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.85.027502
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the construction of conformal theories of gravity in the realm of teleparallel theories. We first present a family of conformal theories which are quadratic in the torsion tensor and are constructed out of the tetrad field and of a scalar field. For a particular value of a coupling constant, and in the gauge where the scalar field is restricted to assume a constant value, the theory reduces to the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, and the tetrad field satisfies Einstein's equations. A second theory is formulated out of the tetrad field only, and is not equivalent to the usual Weyl Lagrangian. Therefore the latter is not the unique genuinely geometrical construction that yields a conformally invariant action. The teleparallel framework allows more possibilities for conformal theories of gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Oct 2011 23:48:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 24 Oct 2011 22:18:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Jan 2012 18:32:48 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2012-01-19
[ [ "Maluf", "J. W.", "" ], [ "Faria", "F. F.", "" ] ]
We analyze the construction of conformal theories of gravity in the realm of teleparallel theories. We first present a family of conformal theories which are quadratic in the torsion tensor and are constructed out of the tetrad field and of a scalar field. For a particular value of a coupling constant, and in the gauge where the scalar field is restricted to assume a constant value, the theory reduces to the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, and the tetrad field satisfies Einstein's equations. A second theory is formulated out of the tetrad field only, and is not equivalent to the usual Weyl Lagrangian. Therefore the latter is not the unique genuinely geometrical construction that yields a conformally invariant action. The teleparallel framework allows more possibilities for conformal theories of gravity.
1611.05523
Andrew J. S. Hamilton
Andrew J. S. Hamilton
A covariant Hamiltonian tetrad approach to numerical relativity
v1: 14 pages. v2: 15 pages. v3: 21 pages, extensive revision, added discussion of WEBB formalism
Phys. Rev. D 96, 124027 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.124027
Phys. Rev. D 96, 124027 (2017)
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A Hamiltonian approach to the equations of general relativity is proposed using the powerful mathematical language of multivector-valued differential forms. In the approach, the gravitational coordinates are the 12 spatial components of the line interval (the vierbein) including their antisymmetric parts, and their 12 conjugate momenta. A feature of the proposed formalism is that it allows Lorentz gauge freedoms to be imposed on the Lorentz connections rather than on the vierbein, which may facilitate numerical integration in some challenging problems. The 40 Hamilton's equations comprise 12 + 12 = 24 equations of motion, 10 constraint equations (first class constraints, which must be arranged on the initial hypersurface of constant time, but which are guaranteed thereafter by conservation laws), and 6 identities (second class constraints). The 6 identities define a trace-free spatial tensor that is the gravitational analog of the magnetic field of electromagnetism. If the gravitational magnetic field is promoted to an independent field satisfying its own equation of motion, then the system becomes the WEBB system, which is known to be strongly hyperbolic. Some other approaches, including ADM, BSSN, WEBB, and Loop Quantum Gravity, are translated into the language of multivector-valued forms, bringing out their underlying mathematical structure.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Nov 2016 01:25:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Mar 2017 21:43:44 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Dec 2017 00:29:04 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-12-27
[ [ "Hamilton", "Andrew J. S.", "" ] ]
A Hamiltonian approach to the equations of general relativity is proposed using the powerful mathematical language of multivector-valued differential forms. In the approach, the gravitational coordinates are the 12 spatial components of the line interval (the vierbein) including their antisymmetric parts, and their 12 conjugate momenta. A feature of the proposed formalism is that it allows Lorentz gauge freedoms to be imposed on the Lorentz connections rather than on the vierbein, which may facilitate numerical integration in some challenging problems. The 40 Hamilton's equations comprise 12 + 12 = 24 equations of motion, 10 constraint equations (first class constraints, which must be arranged on the initial hypersurface of constant time, but which are guaranteed thereafter by conservation laws), and 6 identities (second class constraints). The 6 identities define a trace-free spatial tensor that is the gravitational analog of the magnetic field of electromagnetism. If the gravitational magnetic field is promoted to an independent field satisfying its own equation of motion, then the system becomes the WEBB system, which is known to be strongly hyperbolic. Some other approaches, including ADM, BSSN, WEBB, and Loop Quantum Gravity, are translated into the language of multivector-valued forms, bringing out their underlying mathematical structure.
2407.08777
Andrew R. Liddle
Marina Cort\^es and Andrew R Liddle
Hawking evaporation and the Landauer Principle
4 pages. Title modified, additional discussion and references
null
null
null
gr-qc cond-mat.stat-mech quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
We show that Hawking black-hole evaporation saturates the Landauer Principle of information thermodynamics. Our result implies that information loss experienced by a black hole during Hawking evaporation takes place as efficiently as possible. We also extend the analysis to the case of Barrow entropy as a phenomenological realization of a fractal event horizon, where the Landauer Principle informs amongst different options for the black hole temperature. To our knowledge, this work is the first identification of the two results as expressions of the same process.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Jul 2024 18:00:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Aug 2024 17:14:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-08-13
[ [ "Cortês", "Marina", "" ], [ "Liddle", "Andrew R", "" ] ]
We show that Hawking black-hole evaporation saturates the Landauer Principle of information thermodynamics. Our result implies that information loss experienced by a black hole during Hawking evaporation takes place as efficiently as possible. We also extend the analysis to the case of Barrow entropy as a phenomenological realization of a fractal event horizon, where the Landauer Principle informs amongst different options for the black hole temperature. To our knowledge, this work is the first identification of the two results as expressions of the same process.
1711.07198
Cosimo Bambi
Hrishikesh Chakrabarty, Carlos A. Benavides-Gallego, Cosimo Bambi, Leonardo Modesto
Unattainable extended spacetime regions in conformal gravity
1+10 pages, 2 figures. v2: refereed version
JHEP 1803:013,2018
10.1007/JHEP03(2018)013
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Janis-Newman-Winicour metric is a solution of Einstein's gravity minimally coupled to a real massless scalar field. The $\gamma$-metric is instead a vacuum solution of Einstein's gravity. These spacetimes have no horizon and possess a naked singularity at a finite value of the radial coordinate, where curvature invariants diverge and the spacetimes are geodetically incomplete. In this paper, we reconsider these solutions in the framework of conformal gravity and we show that it is possible to solve the spacetime singularities with a suitable choice of the conformal factor. Now curvature invariants remain finite over the whole spacetime. Massive particles never reach the previous singular surface and massless particles can never do it with a finite value of their affine parameter. Our results support the conjecture according to which conformal gravity can fix the singularity problem that plagues Einstein's gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Nov 2017 08:35:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 25 Feb 2018 18:08:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-03-08
[ [ "Chakrabarty", "Hrishikesh", "" ], [ "Benavides-Gallego", "Carlos A.", "" ], [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ], [ "Modesto", "Leonardo", "" ] ]
The Janis-Newman-Winicour metric is a solution of Einstein's gravity minimally coupled to a real massless scalar field. The $\gamma$-metric is instead a vacuum solution of Einstein's gravity. These spacetimes have no horizon and possess a naked singularity at a finite value of the radial coordinate, where curvature invariants diverge and the spacetimes are geodetically incomplete. In this paper, we reconsider these solutions in the framework of conformal gravity and we show that it is possible to solve the spacetime singularities with a suitable choice of the conformal factor. Now curvature invariants remain finite over the whole spacetime. Massive particles never reach the previous singular surface and massless particles can never do it with a finite value of their affine parameter. Our results support the conjecture according to which conformal gravity can fix the singularity problem that plagues Einstein's gravity.
2004.07396
Filipe Mena
Jo\~ao L. Costa and Filipe C. Mena
Global solutions to the spherically symmetric Einstein-scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant in Bondi coordinates
25 pages, to appear in Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations
null
null
null
gr-qc math.AP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a characteristic initial value problem, with initial data given on a future null cone, for the Einstein (massless) scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant, in Bondi coordinates. We prove that, for small data, this system has a unique global classical solution which is causally geodesically complete to the future and decays polynomially in radius and exponentially in Bondi time, approaching the de Sitter solution.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Apr 2020 23:45:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 28 Dec 2020 13:25:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-12-29
[ [ "Costa", "João L.", "" ], [ "Mena", "Filipe C.", "" ] ]
We consider a characteristic initial value problem, with initial data given on a future null cone, for the Einstein (massless) scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant, in Bondi coordinates. We prove that, for small data, this system has a unique global classical solution which is causally geodesically complete to the future and decays polynomially in radius and exponentially in Bondi time, approaching the de Sitter solution.
0902.3224
Jonathan Ziprick
J. Ziprick, G. Kunstatter
Dynamical Singularity Resolution in Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Formation
10 pages, 5 figures
Phys.Rev.D80:024032,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.024032
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study numerically the effects of loop quantum gravity motivated corrections on massless scalar field collapse in Painlev\'e-Gullstrand coordinates. Near criticality, the system exhibits Choptuik scaling with the added features of a mass gap and a new scaling relationship dependant upon the quantum length scale. The quantum corrected collapse exhibits a radiation-like phase which resolves the singularity: the black hole consists of a compact region of space-time bounded by a single, smooth trapping horizon. The "evaporation" is not complete but leaves behind an outward moving remnant.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Feb 2009 19:32:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-08-11
[ [ "Ziprick", "J.", "" ], [ "Kunstatter", "G.", "" ] ]
We study numerically the effects of loop quantum gravity motivated corrections on massless scalar field collapse in Painlev\'e-Gullstrand coordinates. Near criticality, the system exhibits Choptuik scaling with the added features of a mass gap and a new scaling relationship dependant upon the quantum length scale. The quantum corrected collapse exhibits a radiation-like phase which resolves the singularity: the black hole consists of a compact region of space-time bounded by a single, smooth trapping horizon. The "evaporation" is not complete but leaves behind an outward moving remnant.
2304.08012
De-Cheng Zou
Meng-Yun Lai, De-Cheng Zou, Rui-Hong Yue and Yun Soo Myung
Nonlinearly scalarized rotating black holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory
23 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables
Phys.Rev.D 108,084007(2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.084007
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we discuss a fully nonlinear mechanism for the formation of scalarized rotating black holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, where Kerr black holes are linearly stable, but unstable against nonlinear scalar perturbations. With the help of the pseudospectral method, we obtain a spectrum of nonlinearly scalarized rotating black hole solutions with multiple scalarized branches. Moreover, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of nonlinearly scalarized rotating black holes and find the phase transition between Kerr and these scalarized black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Apr 2023 06:22:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 6 Oct 2023 05:41:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-10-09
[ [ "Lai", "Meng-Yun", "" ], [ "Zou", "De-Cheng", "" ], [ "Yue", "Rui-Hong", "" ], [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ] ]
In this paper, we discuss a fully nonlinear mechanism for the formation of scalarized rotating black holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, where Kerr black holes are linearly stable, but unstable against nonlinear scalar perturbations. With the help of the pseudospectral method, we obtain a spectrum of nonlinearly scalarized rotating black hole solutions with multiple scalarized branches. Moreover, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of nonlinearly scalarized rotating black holes and find the phase transition between Kerr and these scalarized black holes.
1901.01031
Rocco D'Agostino
Kuantay Boshkayev, Rocco D'Agostino, Orlando Luongo
Extended logotropic fluids as unified dark energy models
6 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6854-9
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We here study extended classes of logotropic fluids as \textit{unified dark energy models}. Under the hypothesis of the Anton-Schmidt scenario, we consider the universe obeying a single fluid whose pressure evolves through a logarithmic equation of state. This result is in analogy with crystals under isotropic stresses. Thus, we investigate thermodynamic and dynamical consequences by integrating the speed of sound to obtain the pressure in terms of the density, leading to an extended version of the Anton-Schmidt cosmic fluids. Within this picture, we get significant outcomes expanding the Anton-Schmidt pressure in the infrared regime. The low-energy case becomes relevant for the universe to accelerate without any cosmological constant. We therefore derive the effective representation of our fluid in terms of a Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}=\mathcal{L}(X)$, depending on the kinetic term $X$ only. We analyze both the relativistic and non-relativistic limits. In the non-relativistic limit we construct both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian in terms of density $\rho$ and scalar field $\vartheta$, whereas in the relativistic case no analytical expression for the Lagrangian can be found. Thus, we obtain the potential as a function of $\rho$, under the hypothesis of irrotational perfect fluid. We demonstrate that the model represents a natural generalization of \emph{logotropic dark energy models}. Finally, we analyze an extended class of generalized Chaplygin gas models with one extra parameter $\beta$. Interestingly, we find that the Lagrangians of this scenario and the pure logotropic one coincide in the non-relativistic regime.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Jan 2019 09:42:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-04-16
[ [ "Boshkayev", "Kuantay", "" ], [ "D'Agostino", "Rocco", "" ], [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ] ]
We here study extended classes of logotropic fluids as \textit{unified dark energy models}. Under the hypothesis of the Anton-Schmidt scenario, we consider the universe obeying a single fluid whose pressure evolves through a logarithmic equation of state. This result is in analogy with crystals under isotropic stresses. Thus, we investigate thermodynamic and dynamical consequences by integrating the speed of sound to obtain the pressure in terms of the density, leading to an extended version of the Anton-Schmidt cosmic fluids. Within this picture, we get significant outcomes expanding the Anton-Schmidt pressure in the infrared regime. The low-energy case becomes relevant for the universe to accelerate without any cosmological constant. We therefore derive the effective representation of our fluid in terms of a Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}=\mathcal{L}(X)$, depending on the kinetic term $X$ only. We analyze both the relativistic and non-relativistic limits. In the non-relativistic limit we construct both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian in terms of density $\rho$ and scalar field $\vartheta$, whereas in the relativistic case no analytical expression for the Lagrangian can be found. Thus, we obtain the potential as a function of $\rho$, under the hypothesis of irrotational perfect fluid. We demonstrate that the model represents a natural generalization of \emph{logotropic dark energy models}. Finally, we analyze an extended class of generalized Chaplygin gas models with one extra parameter $\beta$. Interestingly, we find that the Lagrangians of this scenario and the pure logotropic one coincide in the non-relativistic regime.
1311.1286
Collin Capano
Collin Capano, Yi Pan, and Alessandra Buonanno
Impact of Higher Harmonics in Searching for Gravitational Waves from Non-Spinning Binary Black Holes
22 pages, 11 figures. Version approved by journal
Phys. Rev. D 89, 102003 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.102003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Current searches for gravitational waves from coalescing binary black holes (BBH) use templates that only include the dominant harmonic. In this study we use effective-one-body multipolar waveforms calibrated to numerical-relativity simulations to quantify the effect of neglecting sub-dominant harmonics on the sensitivity of searches. We consider both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the signal-based vetoes that are used to re-weight SNR. We find that neglecting sub-dominant modes when searching for non-spinning BBHs with component masses $3\,M_{\odot} \leq m_1, m_2 \leq 200\,M_{\odot}$ and total mass $M < 360\,M_{\odot}$ in advanced LIGO results in a negligible reduction of the re-weighted SNR at detection thresholds. Sub-dominant modes therefore have no effect on the detection rates predicted for advanced LIGO. Furthermore, we find that if sub-dominant modes are included in templates the sensitivity of the search becomes worse if we use current search priors, due to an increase in false alarm probability. Templates would need to be weighted differently than what is currently done to compensate for the increase in false alarms. If we split the template bank such that sub-dominant modes are only used when $M \gtrsim 100\,M_{\odot}$ and mass ratio $q \gtrsim 4$, we find that the sensitivity does improve for these intermediate mass-ratio BBHs, but the sensitive volume associated with these systems is still small compared to equal-mass systems. Using sub-dominant modes is therefore unlikely to substantially increase the probability of detecting gravitational waves from non-spinning BBH signals unless there is a relatively large population of intermediate mass-ratio BBHs in the universe.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Nov 2013 04:42:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 Mar 2014 16:11:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-05-28
[ [ "Capano", "Collin", "" ], [ "Pan", "Yi", "" ], [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ] ]
Current searches for gravitational waves from coalescing binary black holes (BBH) use templates that only include the dominant harmonic. In this study we use effective-one-body multipolar waveforms calibrated to numerical-relativity simulations to quantify the effect of neglecting sub-dominant harmonics on the sensitivity of searches. We consider both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the signal-based vetoes that are used to re-weight SNR. We find that neglecting sub-dominant modes when searching for non-spinning BBHs with component masses $3\,M_{\odot} \leq m_1, m_2 \leq 200\,M_{\odot}$ and total mass $M < 360\,M_{\odot}$ in advanced LIGO results in a negligible reduction of the re-weighted SNR at detection thresholds. Sub-dominant modes therefore have no effect on the detection rates predicted for advanced LIGO. Furthermore, we find that if sub-dominant modes are included in templates the sensitivity of the search becomes worse if we use current search priors, due to an increase in false alarm probability. Templates would need to be weighted differently than what is currently done to compensate for the increase in false alarms. If we split the template bank such that sub-dominant modes are only used when $M \gtrsim 100\,M_{\odot}$ and mass ratio $q \gtrsim 4$, we find that the sensitivity does improve for these intermediate mass-ratio BBHs, but the sensitive volume associated with these systems is still small compared to equal-mass systems. Using sub-dominant modes is therefore unlikely to substantially increase the probability of detecting gravitational waves from non-spinning BBH signals unless there is a relatively large population of intermediate mass-ratio BBHs in the universe.
1303.0531
Giampiero Esposito Dr.
Donato Bini, Giampiero Esposito, Claus Kiefer, Manuel Kraemer, Francesco Pessina
On the modification of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy spectrum from canonical quantum gravity
13 pages, 7 figures. The presentation has been improved
Physical Review D87, 104008 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.104008
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We evaluate the modifications to the cosmic microwave background anisotropy spectrum that result from a semiclassical expansion of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Recently, such an investigation in the case of a real scalar field coupled to gravity, has led to the prediction that the power at large scales is suppressed. We make here a more general analysis and show that there is an ambiguity in the choice of solution to the equations describing the quantum gravitational effects. Whereas one of the two solutions describes a suppression of power, the other one describes an enhancement. We investigate possible criteria for an appropriate choice of solution. The absolute value of the correction term is in both cases of the same order and currently not observable. We also obtain detailed formulae for arbitrary values of a complex parameter occurring in the general solution of the nonlinear equations of the model. We finally discuss the modification of the spectral index connected with the power spectrum and comment on the possibility of a quantum-gravity induced unitarity violation.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Mar 2013 17:11:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 May 2013 06:08:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-15
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Esposito", "Giampiero", "" ], [ "Kiefer", "Claus", "" ], [ "Kraemer", "Manuel", "" ], [ "Pessina", "Francesco", "" ] ]
We evaluate the modifications to the cosmic microwave background anisotropy spectrum that result from a semiclassical expansion of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Recently, such an investigation in the case of a real scalar field coupled to gravity, has led to the prediction that the power at large scales is suppressed. We make here a more general analysis and show that there is an ambiguity in the choice of solution to the equations describing the quantum gravitational effects. Whereas one of the two solutions describes a suppression of power, the other one describes an enhancement. We investigate possible criteria for an appropriate choice of solution. The absolute value of the correction term is in both cases of the same order and currently not observable. We also obtain detailed formulae for arbitrary values of a complex parameter occurring in the general solution of the nonlinear equations of the model. We finally discuss the modification of the spectral index connected with the power spectrum and comment on the possibility of a quantum-gravity induced unitarity violation.
2404.17798
Patrick Das Gupta
Patrick Das Gupta
Torsion and Chern-Simons gravity in 4D space-times from a Geometrodynamical four-form
To appear in the Proceedings of the Third Minkowski Meeting that was held at Albena (Bulgaria) in September, 2023
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The space-time geometry in any inertial frame is described by the line-element $ds^2= \eta_{\mu \nu} dx^\mu dx^\nu$. Now, not only the Minkowski metric $\eta_{\mu \nu} $ is invariant under proper Lorentz transformations, the totally antisymmetric Levi-Civita tensor $e_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} $ too is. In general relativity (GR), $\eta_{\mu \nu} $ of the flat space-time gets generalized to a dynamical, space-time dependent metric tensor $ g_{\mu \nu} $ that characterizes a curved space-time geometry. In the present study, it is put forward that the flat space-time Levi-Civita tensor gets elevated to a dynamical four-form field $\tilde {w} $ in curved space-time manifolds, i.e. $e_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} \rightarrow w_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} (x) = \phi (x) \ e_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} $, so that $\tilde {w} = {1\over {4!}} \ w_{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} \ \tilde{d} x^\mu \wedge \tilde{d} x^\nu \wedge \tilde{d} x^\rho \wedge \tilde{d} x^\sigma$. It is shown that this geometrodynamical four-form field extends GR by leading naturally to a torsion in the theory as well as to a Chern-Simons gravity. It is demonstrated that the scalar-density $\phi (x)$ associated with $\tilde {w} $ may be used to construct a generalized exterior derivative that converts a p-form density to a (p+1)-form density of identical weight. It is argued that the scalar-density $\phi (x)$ associated with $\tilde {w}$ corresponds to an axion-like pseudo-scalar field in the Minkowski space-time, and that it can also masquerade as dark matter. Thereafter, we provide a simple semi-classical analysis in which a self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate of such ultra-light pseudo-scalars leads to the formation of a supermassive black hole. A brief analysis of propagation of weak gravitational waves in the presence of $\tilde{w} $ is also considered in this article.
[ { "created": "Sat, 27 Apr 2024 06:36:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 May 2024 06:45:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Jul 2024 06:16:10 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-07-08
[ [ "Gupta", "Patrick Das", "" ] ]
The space-time geometry in any inertial frame is described by the line-element $ds^2= \eta_{\mu \nu} dx^\mu dx^\nu$. Now, not only the Minkowski metric $\eta_{\mu \nu} $ is invariant under proper Lorentz transformations, the totally antisymmetric Levi-Civita tensor $e_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} $ too is. In general relativity (GR), $\eta_{\mu \nu} $ of the flat space-time gets generalized to a dynamical, space-time dependent metric tensor $ g_{\mu \nu} $ that characterizes a curved space-time geometry. In the present study, it is put forward that the flat space-time Levi-Civita tensor gets elevated to a dynamical four-form field $\tilde {w} $ in curved space-time manifolds, i.e. $e_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} \rightarrow w_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} (x) = \phi (x) \ e_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta} $, so that $\tilde {w} = {1\over {4!}} \ w_{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} \ \tilde{d} x^\mu \wedge \tilde{d} x^\nu \wedge \tilde{d} x^\rho \wedge \tilde{d} x^\sigma$. It is shown that this geometrodynamical four-form field extends GR by leading naturally to a torsion in the theory as well as to a Chern-Simons gravity. It is demonstrated that the scalar-density $\phi (x)$ associated with $\tilde {w} $ may be used to construct a generalized exterior derivative that converts a p-form density to a (p+1)-form density of identical weight. It is argued that the scalar-density $\phi (x)$ associated with $\tilde {w}$ corresponds to an axion-like pseudo-scalar field in the Minkowski space-time, and that it can also masquerade as dark matter. Thereafter, we provide a simple semi-classical analysis in which a self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate of such ultra-light pseudo-scalars leads to the formation of a supermassive black hole. A brief analysis of propagation of weak gravitational waves in the presence of $\tilde{w} $ is also considered in this article.
2004.12970
Rahul Kumar
Rahul Kumar, Shafqat Ul Islam, and Sushant G. Ghosh
Gravitational lensing by charged black hole in regularized $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
13 pages, 10 figures, and 1 table. Typos corrected and minor changes made. Version accepted in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08606-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Among the higher curvature gravities, the most extensively studied theory is the so-called Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity, whose Lagrangian contains Einstein term with the GB combination of quadratic curvature terms, and the GB term yields nontrivial gravitational dynamics in $ D\geq5$. Recently there has been a surge of interest in regularizing, a $ D \to 4 $ limit of, the EGB gravity, and the resulting regularized $4D$ EGB gravity valid in $4D$. We consider gravitational lensing by Charged black holes in the $4D$ EGB gravity theory to calculate the light deflection coefficients in strong-field limits $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$, while the former increases with increasing GB parameter $\alpha$ and charge $q$, later decrease. We also find a decrease in the deflection angle $\alpha_D$, angular position $\theta_{\infty}$ decreases more slowly and impact parameter for photon orbits $u_{m}$ more quickly, but angular separation $s$ increases more rapidly with $\alpha$ and charge $q$. We compare our results with those for analogous black holes in General Relativity (GR) and also the formalism is applied to discuss the astrophysical consequences in the case of the supermassive black holes Sgr A* and M87*.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Apr 2020 17:24:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Oct 2020 11:30:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-12-30
[ [ "Kumar", "Rahul", "" ], [ "Islam", "Shafqat Ul", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Sushant G.", "" ] ]
Among the higher curvature gravities, the most extensively studied theory is the so-called Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity, whose Lagrangian contains Einstein term with the GB combination of quadratic curvature terms, and the GB term yields nontrivial gravitational dynamics in $ D\geq5$. Recently there has been a surge of interest in regularizing, a $ D \to 4 $ limit of, the EGB gravity, and the resulting regularized $4D$ EGB gravity valid in $4D$. We consider gravitational lensing by Charged black holes in the $4D$ EGB gravity theory to calculate the light deflection coefficients in strong-field limits $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$, while the former increases with increasing GB parameter $\alpha$ and charge $q$, later decrease. We also find a decrease in the deflection angle $\alpha_D$, angular position $\theta_{\infty}$ decreases more slowly and impact parameter for photon orbits $u_{m}$ more quickly, but angular separation $s$ increases more rapidly with $\alpha$ and charge $q$. We compare our results with those for analogous black holes in General Relativity (GR) and also the formalism is applied to discuss the astrophysical consequences in the case of the supermassive black holes Sgr A* and M87*.
2201.01939
Brett McInnes
Brett McInnes
Planar Black Holes as a Route to Understanding the Weak Gravity Conjecture
Non-dependence of results on energy conditions stressed; 18 pages, no figures; version appearing in NPB
Nuclear Physics B Volume 983 (2022) 115933 Volume 983, October 2022, 115933
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115933
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
One version of the Weak Gravity Conjecture requires that it should be possible for an extremal black hole to emit a smaller black hole: that is, the original black hole bifurcates. For asymptotically flat and asymptotically AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black holes with spherical event horizons, such a bifurcation reduces the total classical entropy of the system, and so it is apparently forbidden by the second law of thermodynamics. It may well be possible to remedy this by taking other (for example, quantum-gravitational) effects into account, but it is difficult to understand this in a quantitative way. In the case of asymptotically AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black holes with \emph{planar} event horizons, however, one can show that bifurcations are definitely compatible with the second law. (Naked singularities, generated by the bifurcation, may play an important role here.) Furthermore, in this case one can exhibit a detailed mechanism explaining precisely why planar black holes must indeed be unstable (through emission of branes) when they are sufficiently close to extremality. Thus planar black holes can improve our understanding of the WGC.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Jan 2022 06:51:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Apr 2022 07:56:42 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Aug 2022 05:32:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-08-31
[ [ "McInnes", "Brett", "" ] ]
One version of the Weak Gravity Conjecture requires that it should be possible for an extremal black hole to emit a smaller black hole: that is, the original black hole bifurcates. For asymptotically flat and asymptotically AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black holes with spherical event horizons, such a bifurcation reduces the total classical entropy of the system, and so it is apparently forbidden by the second law of thermodynamics. It may well be possible to remedy this by taking other (for example, quantum-gravitational) effects into account, but it is difficult to understand this in a quantitative way. In the case of asymptotically AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black holes with \emph{planar} event horizons, however, one can show that bifurcations are definitely compatible with the second law. (Naked singularities, generated by the bifurcation, may play an important role here.) Furthermore, in this case one can exhibit a detailed mechanism explaining precisely why planar black holes must indeed be unstable (through emission of branes) when they are sufficiently close to extremality. Thus planar black holes can improve our understanding of the WGC.
gr-qc/0306031
Eugene J. Surowitz
E. L. Schucking, E. J. Surowitz, J. Zhao
A Diagram for Bianchi A-Types
15 Latex pages, 3 encapsulated postscript figures, GRG in print
Gen.Rel.Grav. vol.35 #9 (2003) 1521-1530
10.1023/A:1025757215254
null
gr-qc
null
A diagram for Bianchi spaces with vanishing vector of structure constants (type A in the Ellis-MacCallum classification) illustrates the relations among their different types under similarity transformations. The Ricci coefficients and the Ricci tensor are related by a Cremona transformation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Jun 2003 19:18:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 9 Jun 2003 20:02:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Schucking", "E. L.", "" ], [ "Surowitz", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Zhao", "J.", "" ] ]
A diagram for Bianchi spaces with vanishing vector of structure constants (type A in the Ellis-MacCallum classification) illustrates the relations among their different types under similarity transformations. The Ricci coefficients and the Ricci tensor are related by a Cremona transformation.
1603.07864
Farhad Darabi
F. Darabi, F. Felegary, M. R. Setare
Cosmological Dynamics of Interacting Logarithmic Entropy Corrected Holographic Dark Energy Model
8 pages, Published online, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D (2016)
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, 1650104 (2016)
10.1142/S0218271816501042
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the cosmological dynamics of interacting Logarithmic Entropy Corrected Holographic Dark Energy model with Cold Dark Matter. Fixed points are determined and their corresponding cosmological models are presented. Moreover, the dynamical properties of these fixed points are derived.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Mar 2016 10:01:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 20 Aug 2016 10:27:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-27
[ [ "Darabi", "F.", "" ], [ "Felegary", "F.", "" ], [ "Setare", "M. R.", "" ] ]
We investigate the cosmological dynamics of interacting Logarithmic Entropy Corrected Holographic Dark Energy model with Cold Dark Matter. Fixed points are determined and their corresponding cosmological models are presented. Moreover, the dynamical properties of these fixed points are derived.
1409.0809
Pierre-Andr\'e Mandrin Ph.D.
Pierre A. Mandrin
An improved derivation of minimum information quantum gravity
21 pages. v2: more details in the proof of the space-time structure; text improved; some parts transfered to appendix, added by summaries of some previously published concepts, a few formulations more comprehensive. Prepared for submission to Annals of Physics. v3: Minor revision (boundary law: "non-thin-layers", clean notation; Legendre transf.: tetrad bath; proof local trivializ. on subsystems)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Minimum information quantum gravity (MIQG) is a theory of quantum gravity which requires no explicit microscopic quantum structure. In this article, it is shown that the MIQG action can be derived using a more elegant and straight-forward method than in the first existence proof. The required assumptions are dramatically reduced. In particular, former assumptions referring to the existence of quantum boxes, the exact differential of the entropy variation and the role of the boundary can be omitted. Moreover, the open problem of the quantum occupation number per box is solved. Thus, the arguments in favour of MIQG become even more stringent. The remaining assumptions are 1. the principle of optimisation of the resulting per imposed degrees of freedom, 2. abstract quantum number conservation, 3. the validity of the laws of thermodynamics, 4. identification of a macroscopic parameterisation with space-time and 5. unspecific interactions. Although the requirements are reduced, all former results remain valid. In particular, all well established physics as special cases (Quantum Field Theory, QFT, and General Relativity, GR) follow and all measurable quantities may be computed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Sep 2014 18:07:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 17 Oct 2014 15:04:53 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 2 Jan 2015 20:07:39 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-01-05
[ [ "Mandrin", "Pierre A.", "" ] ]
Minimum information quantum gravity (MIQG) is a theory of quantum gravity which requires no explicit microscopic quantum structure. In this article, it is shown that the MIQG action can be derived using a more elegant and straight-forward method than in the first existence proof. The required assumptions are dramatically reduced. In particular, former assumptions referring to the existence of quantum boxes, the exact differential of the entropy variation and the role of the boundary can be omitted. Moreover, the open problem of the quantum occupation number per box is solved. Thus, the arguments in favour of MIQG become even more stringent. The remaining assumptions are 1. the principle of optimisation of the resulting per imposed degrees of freedom, 2. abstract quantum number conservation, 3. the validity of the laws of thermodynamics, 4. identification of a macroscopic parameterisation with space-time and 5. unspecific interactions. Although the requirements are reduced, all former results remain valid. In particular, all well established physics as special cases (Quantum Field Theory, QFT, and General Relativity, GR) follow and all measurable quantities may be computed.
1103.5183
Kentaro Tanabe
Kentaro Tanabe, Tetsuya Shiromizu
Asymptotic structure at timelike infinity: higher orders
19 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Bearing the final fate of gravitational collapse in mind, we study the asymptotic structures at timelike infinity in four dimensions. Assuming that spacetimes are asymptotically stationary, we will examine the asymptotic structure of asymptotic stationary spacetimes in a systematic way. Then we see that the asymptotic stationarity strongly restricts the asymptotic structure at timelike infinity. We also observe that the resulted asymptotic form of the metric have the deviation from the Kerr black hole spacetime without assuming of the presence of some additional asymptotic symmetries.
[ { "created": "Sun, 27 Mar 2011 04:43:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-03-29
[ [ "Tanabe", "Kentaro", "" ], [ "Shiromizu", "Tetsuya", "" ] ]
Bearing the final fate of gravitational collapse in mind, we study the asymptotic structures at timelike infinity in four dimensions. Assuming that spacetimes are asymptotically stationary, we will examine the asymptotic structure of asymptotic stationary spacetimes in a systematic way. Then we see that the asymptotic stationarity strongly restricts the asymptotic structure at timelike infinity. We also observe that the resulted asymptotic form of the metric have the deviation from the Kerr black hole spacetime without assuming of the presence of some additional asymptotic symmetries.
1106.2278
Evan Halstead
Evan Halstead and Peng Hao
Time Evolution of Temperature and Entropy of a Gravitationally Collapsing Cylinder
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the time evolution of the temperature and entropy of a gravitationally collapsing cylinder, represented by an infinitely thin domain wall, as seen by an asymptotic observer. Previous work has shown that the entropy of a spherically symmetric collapsing domain approaches a constant, and we follow this procedure using a (3+1) BTZ metric to see if a different topology will yield different results. We do this by coupling a scalar field to the background of the domain wall and analyzing the spectrum of radiation as a function of time. We find that the spectrum is quasi-thermal, with the degree of thermality increasing as the domain wall approaches the horizon. The thermal distribution allows for the determination of the temperature as a function of time, and we find that the late time temperature is very close to the Hawking temperature and that it also exhibits the proper scaling with the mass. From the temperature we find the entropy. Since the collapsing domain wall is what forms a black hole, we can compare the results to those of the standard entropy-area relation. We find that the entropy does in fact approach a constant that is close to the Hawking entropy. However, the time dependence of the entropy shows that the entropy decreases with time, indicating that a (3+1) BTZ domain wall will not collapse spontaneously.
[ { "created": "Sun, 12 Jun 2011 05:26:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-06-14
[ [ "Halstead", "Evan", "" ], [ "Hao", "Peng", "" ] ]
We investigate the time evolution of the temperature and entropy of a gravitationally collapsing cylinder, represented by an infinitely thin domain wall, as seen by an asymptotic observer. Previous work has shown that the entropy of a spherically symmetric collapsing domain approaches a constant, and we follow this procedure using a (3+1) BTZ metric to see if a different topology will yield different results. We do this by coupling a scalar field to the background of the domain wall and analyzing the spectrum of radiation as a function of time. We find that the spectrum is quasi-thermal, with the degree of thermality increasing as the domain wall approaches the horizon. The thermal distribution allows for the determination of the temperature as a function of time, and we find that the late time temperature is very close to the Hawking temperature and that it also exhibits the proper scaling with the mass. From the temperature we find the entropy. Since the collapsing domain wall is what forms a black hole, we can compare the results to those of the standard entropy-area relation. We find that the entropy does in fact approach a constant that is close to the Hawking entropy. However, the time dependence of the entropy shows that the entropy decreases with time, indicating that a (3+1) BTZ domain wall will not collapse spontaneously.
2301.02722
Gabriel S\'anchez-P\'erez
Marc Mars and Gabriel S\'anchez-P\'erez
Covariant definition of Double Null Data and geometric uniqueness of the characteristic initial value problem
36 pages, 1 figure
Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Volume 56, Number 25, 2023
10.1088/1751-8121/acd312
null
gr-qc math.AP math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The characteristic Cauchy problem of the Einstein field equations has been recently addressed from a completely abstract viewpoint by means of hypersurface data and, in particular, via the notion of double null data. However, this definition was given in a partially gauge-fixed form. In this paper we generalize the notion of double null data in a fully diffeomorphism and gauge covariant way, and show that the definition is complete by proving that no extra conditions are needed to embed the double null data in some spacetime. The second aim of the paper is to show that the characteristic Cauchy problem satisfies a geometric uniqueness property. Specifically, we introduce a natural notion of isometry at the abstract level such that two double null data that are isometric in this sense give rise to isometric spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Jan 2023 21:40:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 May 2023 11:45:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-31
[ [ "Mars", "Marc", "" ], [ "Sánchez-Pérez", "Gabriel", "" ] ]
The characteristic Cauchy problem of the Einstein field equations has been recently addressed from a completely abstract viewpoint by means of hypersurface data and, in particular, via the notion of double null data. However, this definition was given in a partially gauge-fixed form. In this paper we generalize the notion of double null data in a fully diffeomorphism and gauge covariant way, and show that the definition is complete by proving that no extra conditions are needed to embed the double null data in some spacetime. The second aim of the paper is to show that the characteristic Cauchy problem satisfies a geometric uniqueness property. Specifically, we introduce a natural notion of isometry at the abstract level such that two double null data that are isometric in this sense give rise to isometric spacetimes.
0906.3751
Tomasz Pawlowski
Mercedes Martin-Benito, Guillermo A. Mena Marugan, Tomasz Pawlowski
Physical evolution in Loop Quantum Cosmology: The example of vacuum Bianchi I
RevTex4, 22 pages, 4 figures
Phys.Rev.D80:084038,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.80.084038
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use the vacuum Bianchi I model as an example to investigate the concept of physical evolution in Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) in the absence of the massless scalar field which has been used so far in the literature as an internal time. In order to retrieve the system dynamics when no such a suitable clock field is present, we explore different constructions of families of unitarily related partial observables. These observables are parameterized, respectively, by: (i) one of the components of the densitized triad, and (ii) its conjugate momentum; each of them playing the role of an evolution parameter. Exploiting the properties of the considered example, we investigate in detail the domains of applicability of each construction. In both cases the observables possess a neat physical interpretation only in an approximate sense. However, whereas in case (i) such interpretation is reasonably accurate only for a portion of the evolution of the universe, in case (ii) it remains so during all the evolution (at least in the physically interesting cases). The constructed families of observables are next used to describe the evolution of the Bianchi I universe. The performed analysis confirms the robustness of the bounces, also in absence of matter fields, as well as the preservation of the semiclassicality through them. The concept of evolution studied here and the presented construction of observables are applicable to a wide class of models in LQC, including quantizations of the Bianchi I model obtained with other prescriptions for the improved dynamics.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Jun 2009 16:03:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-05
[ [ "Martin-Benito", "Mercedes", "" ], [ "Marugan", "Guillermo A. Mena", "" ], [ "Pawlowski", "Tomasz", "" ] ]
We use the vacuum Bianchi I model as an example to investigate the concept of physical evolution in Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) in the absence of the massless scalar field which has been used so far in the literature as an internal time. In order to retrieve the system dynamics when no such a suitable clock field is present, we explore different constructions of families of unitarily related partial observables. These observables are parameterized, respectively, by: (i) one of the components of the densitized triad, and (ii) its conjugate momentum; each of them playing the role of an evolution parameter. Exploiting the properties of the considered example, we investigate in detail the domains of applicability of each construction. In both cases the observables possess a neat physical interpretation only in an approximate sense. However, whereas in case (i) such interpretation is reasonably accurate only for a portion of the evolution of the universe, in case (ii) it remains so during all the evolution (at least in the physically interesting cases). The constructed families of observables are next used to describe the evolution of the Bianchi I universe. The performed analysis confirms the robustness of the bounces, also in absence of matter fields, as well as the preservation of the semiclassicality through them. The concept of evolution studied here and the presented construction of observables are applicable to a wide class of models in LQC, including quantizations of the Bianchi I model obtained with other prescriptions for the improved dynamics.
2004.07420
Jens Boos
Jens Boos, Jose Pinedo Soto, Valeri P. Frolov
Ultrarelativistic spinning objects in non-local ghost-free gravity
v2: 13 pages, 2 figures, matches published version, title changed slightly and references added; v1: 13 pages, 2 figures, computer algebra code available at http://spintwo.net/static/2020.04.14/
Phys. Rev. D 101, 124065 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.124065
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the gravitational field of ultrarelativistic spinning objects (gyratons) in a modified gravity theory with higher derivatives. In particular, we focus on a special class of such theories with an infinite number of derivatives known as "ghost-free gravity" that include a non-local form factor such as $\exp(-\Box\ell^2)$, where $\ell$ is the scale of non-locality. First, we obtain solutions of the linearized ghost-free equations for stationary spinning objects. To obtain gyraton solutions we boost these metrics and take their Penrose limit. This approach allows us to perform calculations for any number of spacetime dimensions. All solutions are regular at the gyraton axis. In four dimensions, when the scale non-locality $\ell$ tends to zero, the obtained gyraton solutions correctly reproduce the Aichelburg--Sexl metric and its generalization to spinning sources found earlier by Bonnor. We also study the properties of the obtained four-dimensional and higher-dimensional ghost-free gyraton metrics and briefly discuss their possible applications.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Apr 2020 02:12:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Jun 2020 15:12:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-07-08
[ [ "Boos", "Jens", "" ], [ "Soto", "Jose Pinedo", "" ], [ "Frolov", "Valeri P.", "" ] ]
We study the gravitational field of ultrarelativistic spinning objects (gyratons) in a modified gravity theory with higher derivatives. In particular, we focus on a special class of such theories with an infinite number of derivatives known as "ghost-free gravity" that include a non-local form factor such as $\exp(-\Box\ell^2)$, where $\ell$ is the scale of non-locality. First, we obtain solutions of the linearized ghost-free equations for stationary spinning objects. To obtain gyraton solutions we boost these metrics and take their Penrose limit. This approach allows us to perform calculations for any number of spacetime dimensions. All solutions are regular at the gyraton axis. In four dimensions, when the scale non-locality $\ell$ tends to zero, the obtained gyraton solutions correctly reproduce the Aichelburg--Sexl metric and its generalization to spinning sources found earlier by Bonnor. We also study the properties of the obtained four-dimensional and higher-dimensional ghost-free gyraton metrics and briefly discuss their possible applications.
gr-qc/0504091
Suresh Maran k
Suresh K Maran
The Area Metric Reality Constraint in Classical General Relativity
The title has been changed. A new section on the simplicial discretization of the area metric reality constraint and GR actions has been introduced. Certain errors in field equations has been corrected. English has been improved, sections edited and reorganized
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A classical foundation for an idea of reality condition in the context of spin foams (Barrett-Crane models) is developed. I extract classical real general relativity (all signatures) from complex general relativity by imposing the area metric reality constraint; the area metric is real iff a non-degenerate metric is real or imaginary. First I review the Plebanski theory of complex general relativity starting from a complex vectorial action. Then I modify the theory by adding a Lagrange multiplier to impose the area metric reality condition and derive classical real general relativity. I investigate two types of action: Complex and Real. All the non-trivial solutions of the field equations of the theory with the complex action correspond to real general relativity. Half the non-trivial solutions of the field equations of the theory with the real action correspond to real general relativity. Discretization of the area metric reality constraint in the context of Barrett-Crane theory is discussed. In the context of Barrett-Crane theory the area metric reality condition is equivalent to the condition that the scalar products of the bivectors associated to the triangles of a four simplex be real. The Plebanski formalism for the degenerate case and Palatini formalism are also briefly discussed by including the area metric reality condition.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Apr 2005 19:32:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Sep 2005 19:25:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Sep 2005 18:44:43 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 25 Sep 2005 21:48:15 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Maran", "Suresh K", "" ] ]
A classical foundation for an idea of reality condition in the context of spin foams (Barrett-Crane models) is developed. I extract classical real general relativity (all signatures) from complex general relativity by imposing the area metric reality constraint; the area metric is real iff a non-degenerate metric is real or imaginary. First I review the Plebanski theory of complex general relativity starting from a complex vectorial action. Then I modify the theory by adding a Lagrange multiplier to impose the area metric reality condition and derive classical real general relativity. I investigate two types of action: Complex and Real. All the non-trivial solutions of the field equations of the theory with the complex action correspond to real general relativity. Half the non-trivial solutions of the field equations of the theory with the real action correspond to real general relativity. Discretization of the area metric reality constraint in the context of Barrett-Crane theory is discussed. In the context of Barrett-Crane theory the area metric reality condition is equivalent to the condition that the scalar products of the bivectors associated to the triangles of a four simplex be real. The Plebanski formalism for the degenerate case and Palatini formalism are also briefly discussed by including the area metric reality condition.
2011.05145
Varun Behera
Varun Nagesh Jolly Behera, Anik Kumar Samanta, Aurobinda Routray
Frequency Estimation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.05933, arXiv:1810.00040 by other authors
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE physics.data-an
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This is a collection of literature reviews and some initial work on the estimation of the frequency of gravitational waves from a binary black hole merger for low SNR. This document provides a starting point, with a broad overview of the prerequisites required for the follow-up work on frequency estimation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Nov 2020 05:59:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-11-11
[ [ "Behera", "Varun Nagesh Jolly", "" ], [ "Samanta", "Anik Kumar", "" ], [ "Routray", "Aurobinda", "" ] ]
This is a collection of literature reviews and some initial work on the estimation of the frequency of gravitational waves from a binary black hole merger for low SNR. This document provides a starting point, with a broad overview of the prerequisites required for the follow-up work on frequency estimation.
2004.04700
R Loll
N. Klitgaard, R. Loll, Marcus Reitz and Reiko Toriumi
Geometric flux formula for the gravitational Wilson loop
36 pages, 5 figures; minor text changes, clarifying the role of diffeomorphism invariance; agrees with published version
Classical and Quantum Gravity (2020)
10.1088/1361-6382/abb874
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Finding diffeomorphism-invariant observables to characterize the properties of gravity and spacetime at the Planck scale is essential for making progress in quantum gravity. The holonomy and Wilson loop of the Levi-Civita connection are potentially interesting ingredients in the construction of quantum curvature observables. Motivated by recent developments in nonperturbative quantum gravity, we establish new relations in three and four dimensions between the holonomy of a finite loop and certain curvature integrals over the surface spanned by the loop. They are much simpler than a gravitational version of the nonabelian Stokes' theorem, but require the presence of totally geodesic surfaces in the manifold, which follows from the existence of suitable Killing vectors. We show that the relations are invariant under smooth surface deformations, due to the presence of a conserved geometric flux.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Apr 2020 17:28:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Sep 2020 11:32:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-09-24
[ [ "Klitgaard", "N.", "" ], [ "Loll", "R.", "" ], [ "Reitz", "Marcus", "" ], [ "Toriumi", "Reiko", "" ] ]
Finding diffeomorphism-invariant observables to characterize the properties of gravity and spacetime at the Planck scale is essential for making progress in quantum gravity. The holonomy and Wilson loop of the Levi-Civita connection are potentially interesting ingredients in the construction of quantum curvature observables. Motivated by recent developments in nonperturbative quantum gravity, we establish new relations in three and four dimensions between the holonomy of a finite loop and certain curvature integrals over the surface spanned by the loop. They are much simpler than a gravitational version of the nonabelian Stokes' theorem, but require the presence of totally geodesic surfaces in the manifold, which follows from the existence of suitable Killing vectors. We show that the relations are invariant under smooth surface deformations, due to the presence of a conserved geometric flux.
0907.4851
Dr. Anirudh Pradhan
Anirudh Pradhan, Shyam Sundar Kumhar, Padmini Yadav and Kanti Jotania
A New Class of LRS Bianchi Type ${\rm VI}_{0}$ Universes with Free Gravitational Field and Decaying Vacuum Energy Density
16 pages, 9 figures, minor corrections in figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0010016 by other author
Int. J. Math. Eng. Sci. (IJMES), 1:74-89, 2012
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A new class of LRS Bianchi type ${\rm VI}_{0}$ cosmological models with free gravitational fields and a variable cosmological term is investigated in presence of perfect fluid as well as bulk viscous fluid. To get the deterministic solution we have imposed the two different conditions over the free gravitational fields. In first case we consider the free gravitational field as magnetic type whereas in second case `gravitational wrench' of unit `pitch" is supposed to be present in free gravitational field. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density. The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is found to be a decreasing function of time and positive which is corroborated by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. The physical and geometric aspects of the models are discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Jul 2009 07:33:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Feb 2012 13:09:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-04-13
[ [ "Pradhan", "Anirudh", "" ], [ "Kumhar", "Shyam Sundar", "" ], [ "Yadav", "Padmini", "" ], [ "Jotania", "Kanti", "" ] ]
A new class of LRS Bianchi type ${\rm VI}_{0}$ cosmological models with free gravitational fields and a variable cosmological term is investigated in presence of perfect fluid as well as bulk viscous fluid. To get the deterministic solution we have imposed the two different conditions over the free gravitational fields. In first case we consider the free gravitational field as magnetic type whereas in second case `gravitational wrench' of unit `pitch" is supposed to be present in free gravitational field. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density. The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is found to be a decreasing function of time and positive which is corroborated by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. The physical and geometric aspects of the models are discussed.
1204.3566
Jozef Skakala
Jozef Skakala
Quasi-normal modes, area spectra and multi-horizon spacetimes
8 pages, v2: no physics changed, some references added, few sentences added in the discussion parts
JHEP 1206:094, 2012
10.1007/JHEP06(2012)094
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We suggest an interpretation for the highly damped QNM frequencies of the spherically symmetric multi-horizon spacetimes (Reissner-Nordstrom, Schwarzschild-deSitter, Reissner-Nordstrom-deSitter) following Maggiore's proposal about the link between the asymptotic QNM frequencies and the black hole thermodynamics. We show that the behavior of the asymptotic frequencies is easy to understand if one assumes that all of the horizons have the same equispaced area spectra. The QNM analysis is then consistent with the choice of the area spectra to be the one originally proposed for the black hole's horizon by Bekenstein: A=8\pi n (in Planck units). The interpretation of the highly damped QNM frequencies in the multi-horizon case is based on the similar grounds as in the single horizon (Schwarzschild) case, but it has some new features that are discussed in the paper.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Apr 2012 16:48:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Apr 2012 20:16:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-06-21
[ [ "Skakala", "Jozef", "" ] ]
We suggest an interpretation for the highly damped QNM frequencies of the spherically symmetric multi-horizon spacetimes (Reissner-Nordstrom, Schwarzschild-deSitter, Reissner-Nordstrom-deSitter) following Maggiore's proposal about the link between the asymptotic QNM frequencies and the black hole thermodynamics. We show that the behavior of the asymptotic frequencies is easy to understand if one assumes that all of the horizons have the same equispaced area spectra. The QNM analysis is then consistent with the choice of the area spectra to be the one originally proposed for the black hole's horizon by Bekenstein: A=8\pi n (in Planck units). The interpretation of the highly damped QNM frequencies in the multi-horizon case is based on the similar grounds as in the single horizon (Schwarzschild) case, but it has some new features that are discussed in the paper.
1609.08604
Rodrigo Panosso Macedo
Yu-Chun Pynn, Rodrigo Panosso Macedo, Martin Breithaupt, Stefan Palenta, Reinhard Meinel
Gyromagnetic factor of rotating disks of electrically charged dust in general relativity
10 pages, 4 figures (typos corrected)
Phys. Rev. D 94, 104035 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.104035
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculated the dimensionless gyromagnetic ratio ("$g$-factor") of self-gravitating, uniformly rotating disks of dust with a constant specific charge $\epsilon$. These disk solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell equations depend on $\epsilon$ and a "relativity parameter" $\gamma$ ($0<\gamma\le 1$) up to a scaling parameter. Accordingly, the $g$-factor is a function $g=g(\gamma,\epsilon)$. The Newtonian limit is characterized by $\gamma \ll 1$, whereas $\gamma\to 1$ leads to a black-hole limit. The $g$-factor, for all $\epsilon$, approaches the values $g=1$ as $\gamma\to 0$ and $g=2$ as $\gamma\to 1$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Sep 2016 19:59:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Oct 2016 08:02:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-11-16
[ [ "Pynn", "Yu-Chun", "" ], [ "Macedo", "Rodrigo Panosso", "" ], [ "Breithaupt", "Martin", "" ], [ "Palenta", "Stefan", "" ], [ "Meinel", "Reinhard", "" ] ]
We calculated the dimensionless gyromagnetic ratio ("$g$-factor") of self-gravitating, uniformly rotating disks of dust with a constant specific charge $\epsilon$. These disk solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell equations depend on $\epsilon$ and a "relativity parameter" $\gamma$ ($0<\gamma\le 1$) up to a scaling parameter. Accordingly, the $g$-factor is a function $g=g(\gamma,\epsilon)$. The Newtonian limit is characterized by $\gamma \ll 1$, whereas $\gamma\to 1$ leads to a black-hole limit. The $g$-factor, for all $\epsilon$, approaches the values $g=1$ as $\gamma\to 0$ and $g=2$ as $\gamma\to 1$.
gr-qc/0501091
Aleksandar Mikovic
A. Mikovic
New Spin Foam Models of Quantum Gravity
9 pages, talk given at the Workshop on Quantum Gravity and Noncommutative geometry, Lusofona University, 20 - 23 July 2004, Lisbon
Mod.Phys.Lett.A20:1305,2005
10.1142/S0217732305017779
null
gr-qc
null
We give a brief and a critical review of the Barret-Crane spin foam models of quantum gravity. Then we describe two new spin foam models which are obtained by direct quantization of General Relativity and do not have some of the drawbacks of the Barret-Crane models. These are the model of spin foam invariants for the embedded spin networks in loop quantum gravity and the spin foam model based on the integration of the tetrads in the path integral for the Palatini action.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Jan 2005 11:04:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-01-16
[ [ "Mikovic", "A.", "" ] ]
We give a brief and a critical review of the Barret-Crane spin foam models of quantum gravity. Then we describe two new spin foam models which are obtained by direct quantization of General Relativity and do not have some of the drawbacks of the Barret-Crane models. These are the model of spin foam invariants for the embedded spin networks in loop quantum gravity and the spin foam model based on the integration of the tetrads in the path integral for the Palatini action.
gr-qc/0611127
Ignacio Navarro
I. Navarro, K. Van Acoleyen
f(R) actions, cosmic acceleration and local tests of gravity
26 pages
JCAP 0702:022,2007
10.1088/1475-7516/2007/02/022
DAMTP-2006-115
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
We study spherically symmetric solutions in f(R) theories and its compatibility with local tests of gravity. We start by clarifying the range of validity of the weak field expansion and show that for many models proposed to address the Dark Energy problem this expansion breaks down in realistic situations. This invalidates the conclusions of several papers that make inappropriate use of this expansion. For the stable models that modify gravity only at small curvatures we find that when the asymptotic background curvature is large we approximately recover the solutions of Einstein gravity through the so-called Chameleon mechanism, as a result of the non-linear dynamics of the extra scalar degree of freedom contained in the metric. In these models one would observe a transition from Einstein to scalar-tensor gravity as the Universe expands and the background curvature diminishes. Assuming an adiabatic evolution we estimate the redshift at which this transition would take place for a source with given mass and radius. We also show that models of dynamical Dark Energy claimed to be compatible with tests of gravity because the mass of the scalar is large in vacuum (e.g. those that also include R^2 corrections in the action), are not viable.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Nov 2006 19:21:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-10-27
[ [ "Navarro", "I.", "" ], [ "Van Acoleyen", "K.", "" ] ]
We study spherically symmetric solutions in f(R) theories and its compatibility with local tests of gravity. We start by clarifying the range of validity of the weak field expansion and show that for many models proposed to address the Dark Energy problem this expansion breaks down in realistic situations. This invalidates the conclusions of several papers that make inappropriate use of this expansion. For the stable models that modify gravity only at small curvatures we find that when the asymptotic background curvature is large we approximately recover the solutions of Einstein gravity through the so-called Chameleon mechanism, as a result of the non-linear dynamics of the extra scalar degree of freedom contained in the metric. In these models one would observe a transition from Einstein to scalar-tensor gravity as the Universe expands and the background curvature diminishes. Assuming an adiabatic evolution we estimate the redshift at which this transition would take place for a source with given mass and radius. We also show that models of dynamical Dark Energy claimed to be compatible with tests of gravity because the mass of the scalar is large in vacuum (e.g. those that also include R^2 corrections in the action), are not viable.
1907.06463
Davide Batic
Davide Batic and N. G. Kelkar and Marek Nowakowski and Karlus Redway
Perturbing microscopic black holes inspired by noncommutativity
14 pages, 6 figures, reference added
The European Physical Journal C 79: 581 (2019)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7084-x
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We probe into the instabilities of microscopic quantum black holes. For this purpose, we study the quasinormal modes (QNMs) for a massless scalar perturbation of the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole. By means of a sixth order Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation we show that the widely used WKB method does not converge in the critical cases where instabilities show up at the third order. By employing the inverted potential method, we demonstrate that the instabilities are an artifact of the WKB method. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of the asymptotic iteration method to find the QNMs.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Jul 2019 12:20:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Jul 2019 16:45:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-07-24
[ [ "Batic", "Davide", "" ], [ "Kelkar", "N. G.", "" ], [ "Nowakowski", "Marek", "" ], [ "Redway", "Karlus", "" ] ]
We probe into the instabilities of microscopic quantum black holes. For this purpose, we study the quasinormal modes (QNMs) for a massless scalar perturbation of the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole. By means of a sixth order Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation we show that the widely used WKB method does not converge in the critical cases where instabilities show up at the third order. By employing the inverted potential method, we demonstrate that the instabilities are an artifact of the WKB method. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of the asymptotic iteration method to find the QNMs.
2407.01673
Sijia Wang
Sijia Wang, Mar\'ia Rosa Preciado-Rivas, Massimilano Spadafora, Robert B. Mann
Singular Excitement Beyond the Horizon of a Rotating Black Hole
null
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Previous studies have shown that an Unruh-DeWitt (UDW) detector, when coupled linearly to a massless scalar field and permitted to fall radially into certain black holes, will exhibit non-monotonicity in its transition properties near the horizon. Specifically, the transition probability of a detector freely falling into a (3+1)-dimensional Schawrzschild black hole, when considering the Unruh and Hartle-Hawking vacuum states, was shown to possess a local extremum at horizon crossing [K.K. Ng et al., New J. Phys. 24 (2022) 103018]. The transition rate of a detector falling into a static (2+1)-dimensional Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole, for the Hartle-Hawking state, was also found to have multiple local extrema near the horizon under certain parameter settings [M.R. Preciado-Rivas et al., arXiv:2402.14908v1]. These discoveries are of interest, as they suggest that the event horizon of a black hole may be distinguishable to a local probe when QFT effects are included. In this paper, we explore the problem of a UDW detector falling freely into a rotating BTZ black hole. We numerically compute the detector's transition rate for different values of black hole mass, black hole angular momentum, detector energy gap, and field boundary conditions at infinity. Our results lead to a more generalized description of the behaviour of particle detectors in BTZ black hole spacetime, from which the previous non-rotating BTZ case can be retrieved in the limit as angular momentum vanishes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 1 Jul 2024 18:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-08
[ [ "Wang", "Sijia", "" ], [ "Preciado-Rivas", "María Rosa", "" ], [ "Spadafora", "Massimilano", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert B.", "" ] ]
Previous studies have shown that an Unruh-DeWitt (UDW) detector, when coupled linearly to a massless scalar field and permitted to fall radially into certain black holes, will exhibit non-monotonicity in its transition properties near the horizon. Specifically, the transition probability of a detector freely falling into a (3+1)-dimensional Schawrzschild black hole, when considering the Unruh and Hartle-Hawking vacuum states, was shown to possess a local extremum at horizon crossing [K.K. Ng et al., New J. Phys. 24 (2022) 103018]. The transition rate of a detector falling into a static (2+1)-dimensional Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole, for the Hartle-Hawking state, was also found to have multiple local extrema near the horizon under certain parameter settings [M.R. Preciado-Rivas et al., arXiv:2402.14908v1]. These discoveries are of interest, as they suggest that the event horizon of a black hole may be distinguishable to a local probe when QFT effects are included. In this paper, we explore the problem of a UDW detector falling freely into a rotating BTZ black hole. We numerically compute the detector's transition rate for different values of black hole mass, black hole angular momentum, detector energy gap, and field boundary conditions at infinity. Our results lead to a more generalized description of the behaviour of particle detectors in BTZ black hole spacetime, from which the previous non-rotating BTZ case can be retrieved in the limit as angular momentum vanishes.
1004.1805
Kayoomars Karami
K. Karami, M.S. Khaledian
Reconstructing f(R) modified gravity from ordinary and entropy-corrected versions of the holographic and new agegraphic dark energy models
17 pages, accepted for publication in JHEP
JHEP 1103:086,2011
10.1007/JHEP03(2011)086
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Here, we peruse cosmological usage of the most promising candidates of dark energy in the framework of f(R) theory. We reconstruct the different f(R) modified gravity models in the spatially flat FRW universe according to the ordinary and entropy-corrected versions of the holographic and new agegraphic dark energy models, which describe accelerated expansion of the universe. We also obtain the equation of state parameter of the corresponding f(R)-gravity models. We conclude that the holographic and new agegraphic f(R)-gravity models can behave like phantom or quintessence models. Whereas the equation of state parameter of the entropy-corrected models can transit from quintessence state to phantom regime as indicated by recent observations.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 Apr 2010 12:57:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 10 May 2010 07:43:26 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Mar 2011 18:23:28 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-07-18
[ [ "Karami", "K.", "" ], [ "Khaledian", "M. S.", "" ] ]
Here, we peruse cosmological usage of the most promising candidates of dark energy in the framework of f(R) theory. We reconstruct the different f(R) modified gravity models in the spatially flat FRW universe according to the ordinary and entropy-corrected versions of the holographic and new agegraphic dark energy models, which describe accelerated expansion of the universe. We also obtain the equation of state parameter of the corresponding f(R)-gravity models. We conclude that the holographic and new agegraphic f(R)-gravity models can behave like phantom or quintessence models. Whereas the equation of state parameter of the entropy-corrected models can transit from quintessence state to phantom regime as indicated by recent observations.
gr-qc/0307093
Michael A. Ivanov
Michael A. Ivanov
A fine quantum mechanism of classical gravity
9 pages, LaTeX. Contribution to the Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG10), 20-26 July 2003, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
In the book in Russian "Searches for a mechanism of gravity", Eds. M.A. Ivanov and L.A. Savrov, Nizhny Novgorod, Yu.A. Nickolaev Publisher, 2004, pp 274-281
null
null
gr-qc
null
It is shown that screening the background of super-strong interacting gravitons ensures the Newtonian attraction, if a part of single gravitons is pairing and graviton pairs are destructed by collisions with a body. If the considered quantum mechanism of classical gravity is realized in the nature, than an existence of black holes contradicts to the equivalence principle. In such the model, Newton's constant is proportional to $H^{2}/T^{4},$ where $H$ is the Hubble constant, $T$ is an equivalent temperature of the graviton background. The estimate of the Hubble constant is obtained for the Newtonian limit: $H=3.026 \cdot 10^{-18} s^{-1}$ (or $94.576 km \cdot s^{-1} \cdot Mpc^{-1}$).
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Jul 2003 14:36:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Ivanov", "Michael A.", "" ] ]
It is shown that screening the background of super-strong interacting gravitons ensures the Newtonian attraction, if a part of single gravitons is pairing and graviton pairs are destructed by collisions with a body. If the considered quantum mechanism of classical gravity is realized in the nature, than an existence of black holes contradicts to the equivalence principle. In such the model, Newton's constant is proportional to $H^{2}/T^{4},$ where $H$ is the Hubble constant, $T$ is an equivalent temperature of the graviton background. The estimate of the Hubble constant is obtained for the Newtonian limit: $H=3.026 \cdot 10^{-18} s^{-1}$ (or $94.576 km \cdot s^{-1} \cdot Mpc^{-1}$).
1405.7702
Shahar Hod
Shahar Hod
Onset of superradiant instabilities in the hydrodynamic vortex model
5 pages
Physical Review D 90, 027501B (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.90.027501
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The hydrodynamic vortex, an effective spacetime geometry for propagating sound waves, is studied analytically. In contrast with the familiar Kerr black-hole spacetime, the hydrodynamic vortex model is described by an effective acoustic geometry which has no horizons. However, this acoustic spacetime possesses an ergoregion, a property which it shares with the rotating Kerr spacetime. It has recently been shown numerically that this physical system is linearly unstable due to the superradiant scattering of sound waves in the ergoregion of the effective spacetime. In the present study we use analytical tools in order to explore the onset of these superradiant instabilities which characterize the effective spacetime geometry. In particular, we derive a simple analytical formula which describes the physical properties of the hydrodynamic vortex system in its critical (marginally-stable) state, the state which marks the boundary between stable and unstable fluid configurations. The analytically derived formula is shown to agree with the recently published numerical data for the hydrodynamic vortex system.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 May 2014 20:00:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Jul 2014 20:06:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-19
[ [ "Hod", "Shahar", "" ] ]
The hydrodynamic vortex, an effective spacetime geometry for propagating sound waves, is studied analytically. In contrast with the familiar Kerr black-hole spacetime, the hydrodynamic vortex model is described by an effective acoustic geometry which has no horizons. However, this acoustic spacetime possesses an ergoregion, a property which it shares with the rotating Kerr spacetime. It has recently been shown numerically that this physical system is linearly unstable due to the superradiant scattering of sound waves in the ergoregion of the effective spacetime. In the present study we use analytical tools in order to explore the onset of these superradiant instabilities which characterize the effective spacetime geometry. In particular, we derive a simple analytical formula which describes the physical properties of the hydrodynamic vortex system in its critical (marginally-stable) state, the state which marks the boundary between stable and unstable fluid configurations. The analytically derived formula is shown to agree with the recently published numerical data for the hydrodynamic vortex system.
gr-qc/0506053
Valery Kiselev
V.V.Kiselev
Entropy of BTZ black hole and its spectrum by quantum radial geodesics behind horizons
6 pages, 2 eps-figures, revtex4 class
Phys.Rev. D73 (2006) 104018
10.1103/PhysRevD.73.104018
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
In the framework of thermal quantization of radial geodesics completely confined behind the horizons we calculate the entropy of BTZ black hole in agreement with the Bekenstein--Hawking relation. Particles in the BTZ black hole occupy the only quantum ground level. The quantization allow us to find a linear dependence of black hole mass versus its orbital momentum.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Jun 2005 07:29:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Kiselev", "V. V.", "" ] ]
In the framework of thermal quantization of radial geodesics completely confined behind the horizons we calculate the entropy of BTZ black hole in agreement with the Bekenstein--Hawking relation. Particles in the BTZ black hole occupy the only quantum ground level. The quantization allow us to find a linear dependence of black hole mass versus its orbital momentum.
2012.04450
Bayram Tekin
Emel Altas, Bayram Tekin
Approximate analytical description of apparent horizons for initial data with momentum and spin
11 pages, 1 figure, v2 matches the published form
Phys. Rev. D 103, 084036 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.084036
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct analytical initial data for a slowly moving and rotating black hole for generic orientations of the linear momentum and the spin. We solve the Hamiltonian constraint approximately and work out the properties of the apparent horizon and show the dependence of its shape on the angle between the spin and the linear momentum. In particular a dimple, whose location depends on the mentioned angle, arises on the 2-sphere geometry of the apparent horizon. We exclusively work in the case of conformally flat initial metrics.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Dec 2020 14:37:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Apr 2021 07:21:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-23
[ [ "Altas", "Emel", "" ], [ "Tekin", "Bayram", "" ] ]
We construct analytical initial data for a slowly moving and rotating black hole for generic orientations of the linear momentum and the spin. We solve the Hamiltonian constraint approximately and work out the properties of the apparent horizon and show the dependence of its shape on the angle between the spin and the linear momentum. In particular a dimple, whose location depends on the mentioned angle, arises on the 2-sphere geometry of the apparent horizon. We exclusively work in the case of conformally flat initial metrics.
2408.06582
Mian Zhu
Mian Zhu and Taotao Qiu
Interpretating Pulsar Timing Array data of Gravitational Waves with Ekpyrosis-Bouncing Cosmology
24 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments have reported strong evidence of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). If interpreted as primordial Gravitational Waves (pGWs), the signal favors a strongly blue-tilted spectrum. On the other hand, the Ekpyrosis-bouncing cosmology with a strongly blue-tilted GW spectrum, i.e., $n_T \simeq 2$, offers a potential explanation for the observed SGWB signal. In this paper, we construct a concrete Ekpyrosis-bouncing model, and show its capacity to intepret the PTA result without pathologies. Both tensor and scalar perturbations are analysed with constraints from the current observations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Aug 2024 02:42:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-14
[ [ "Zhu", "Mian", "" ], [ "Qiu", "Taotao", "" ] ]
Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments have reported strong evidence of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). If interpreted as primordial Gravitational Waves (pGWs), the signal favors a strongly blue-tilted spectrum. On the other hand, the Ekpyrosis-bouncing cosmology with a strongly blue-tilted GW spectrum, i.e., $n_T \simeq 2$, offers a potential explanation for the observed SGWB signal. In this paper, we construct a concrete Ekpyrosis-bouncing model, and show its capacity to intepret the PTA result without pathologies. Both tensor and scalar perturbations are analysed with constraints from the current observations.
1111.3605
Jonathan R. Gair
Jonathan R Gair, Nicolas Yunes and Carl M Bender
Resonances in Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals: Asymptotic and Hyperasymptotic Analysis
12 pages, 3 figures, submitted to JMP
null
10.1063/1.3691226
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An expected source of gravitational waves for future detectors in space are the inspirals of small compact objects into much more massive black holes. These sources have the potential to provide a wealth of information about astronomy and fundamental physics. On short timescales the orbit of the small object is approximately geodesic. Generic geodesics for a Kerr black hole spacetime have a complete set of integrals and can be characterized by three frequencies of the motion. Over the course of an inspiral, a typical system will pass through resonances where two of these frequencies become commensurate. The effect of the resonance will be to alter significantly the rate of inspiral for the duration of the resonance. Understanding the impact of these resonances on gravitational wave phasing is important to detect and exploit these signals for astrophysics and fundamental physics. Two differential equations that might describe the passage of an inspiral through such a resonance are investigated. These differ depending on whether it is the phase or the frequency components of a Fourier expansion of the motion that are taken to be continuous through the resonance. Asymptotic and hyperasymptotic analysis are used to find the late-time analytic behavior of the solution for a system that has passed through a resonance. Linearly growing (weak resonances) or linearly decaying (strong resonances) solutions are found depending on the strength of the resonance. In the weak-resonance case, frequency resonances leave an imprint (a resonant memory) on the gravitational frequency evolution. The transition between weak and strong resonances is characterized by a square-root singularity, and as one approaches this transition from above, the solutions to the frequency resonance equation bunch up into families exponentially fast.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2011 18:22:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-03
[ [ "Gair", "Jonathan R", "" ], [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Bender", "Carl M", "" ] ]
An expected source of gravitational waves for future detectors in space are the inspirals of small compact objects into much more massive black holes. These sources have the potential to provide a wealth of information about astronomy and fundamental physics. On short timescales the orbit of the small object is approximately geodesic. Generic geodesics for a Kerr black hole spacetime have a complete set of integrals and can be characterized by three frequencies of the motion. Over the course of an inspiral, a typical system will pass through resonances where two of these frequencies become commensurate. The effect of the resonance will be to alter significantly the rate of inspiral for the duration of the resonance. Understanding the impact of these resonances on gravitational wave phasing is important to detect and exploit these signals for astrophysics and fundamental physics. Two differential equations that might describe the passage of an inspiral through such a resonance are investigated. These differ depending on whether it is the phase or the frequency components of a Fourier expansion of the motion that are taken to be continuous through the resonance. Asymptotic and hyperasymptotic analysis are used to find the late-time analytic behavior of the solution for a system that has passed through a resonance. Linearly growing (weak resonances) or linearly decaying (strong resonances) solutions are found depending on the strength of the resonance. In the weak-resonance case, frequency resonances leave an imprint (a resonant memory) on the gravitational frequency evolution. The transition between weak and strong resonances is characterized by a square-root singularity, and as one approaches this transition from above, the solutions to the frequency resonance equation bunch up into families exponentially fast.
gr-qc/9901014
David Wands
Robert J. van den Hoogen, Alan A. Coley and David Wands
Scaling Solutions in Robertson-Walker Spacetimes
8 pages, no figures, latex with revtex
Class.Quant.Grav.16:1843-1851,1999
10.1088/0264-9381/16/6/317
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate the stability of cosmological scaling solutions describing a barotropic fluid with $p=(\gamma-1)\rho$ and a non-interacting scalar field $\phi$ with an exponential potential $V(\phi)=V_0\e^{-\kappa\phi}$. We study homogeneous and isotropic spacetimes with non-zero spatial curvature and find three possible asymptotic future attractors in an ever-expanding universe. One is the zero-curvature power-law inflation solution where $\Omega_\phi=1$ ($\gamma<2/3,\kappa^2<3\gamma$ and $\gamma>2/3,\kappa^2<2$). Another is the zero-curvature scaling solution, first identified by Wetterich, where the energy density of the scalar field is proportional to that of matter with $\Omega_\phi=3\gamma/\kappa^2$ ($\gamma<2/3,\kappa^2>3\gamma$). We find that this matter scaling solution is unstable to curvature perturbations for $\gamma>2/3$. The third possible future asymptotic attractor is a solution with negative spatial curvature where the scalar field energy density remains proportional to the curvature with $\Omega_\phi=2/\kappa^2$ ($\gamma>2/3,\kappa^2>2$). We find that solutions with $\Omega_\phi=0$ are never late-time attractors.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Jan 1999 10:14:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Hoogen", "Robert J. van den", "" ], [ "Coley", "Alan A.", "" ], [ "Wands", "David", "" ] ]
We investigate the stability of cosmological scaling solutions describing a barotropic fluid with $p=(\gamma-1)\rho$ and a non-interacting scalar field $\phi$ with an exponential potential $V(\phi)=V_0\e^{-\kappa\phi}$. We study homogeneous and isotropic spacetimes with non-zero spatial curvature and find three possible asymptotic future attractors in an ever-expanding universe. One is the zero-curvature power-law inflation solution where $\Omega_\phi=1$ ($\gamma<2/3,\kappa^2<3\gamma$ and $\gamma>2/3,\kappa^2<2$). Another is the zero-curvature scaling solution, first identified by Wetterich, where the energy density of the scalar field is proportional to that of matter with $\Omega_\phi=3\gamma/\kappa^2$ ($\gamma<2/3,\kappa^2>3\gamma$). We find that this matter scaling solution is unstable to curvature perturbations for $\gamma>2/3$. The third possible future asymptotic attractor is a solution with negative spatial curvature where the scalar field energy density remains proportional to the curvature with $\Omega_\phi=2/\kappa^2$ ($\gamma>2/3,\kappa^2>2$). We find that solutions with $\Omega_\phi=0$ are never late-time attractors.
0902.2720
Sebastiano Bernuzzi
Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Luca Baiotti, Giovanni Corvino, Roberto De Pietri, Alessandro Nagar
Gravitational-wave extraction from neutron-star oscillations
null
Proceedings of the Third Stueckelberg Workshop on Relativistic Field Theories, 2010, Cambridge Scientific Publishers, p.97
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compare different gravitational-wave extraction methods used in three-dimensional nonlinear simulations against linear simulations of perturbations of spherical spacetimes with matter. We present results from fully general-relativistic simulations of a system composed by an oscillating and non-rotating star emitting gravitational radiation. Results about the onset of non-linear effects are also shown.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Feb 2009 16:03:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Feb 2009 17:05:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 12 Aug 2011 16:40:17 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-03-13
[ [ "Bernuzzi", "Sebastiano", "" ], [ "Baiotti", "Luca", "" ], [ "Corvino", "Giovanni", "" ], [ "De Pietri", "Roberto", "" ], [ "Nagar", "Alessandro", "" ] ]
We compare different gravitational-wave extraction methods used in three-dimensional nonlinear simulations against linear simulations of perturbations of spherical spacetimes with matter. We present results from fully general-relativistic simulations of a system composed by an oscillating and non-rotating star emitting gravitational radiation. Results about the onset of non-linear effects are also shown.
1708.05360
Joel Franklin
E. Banyas, J. Franklin
The (Weak) Gravitational Field of a Dirac Monopole
to appear, Classical and Quantum Gravity
Classical and Quantum Gravity 34, 195004, 2017
10.1088/1361-6382/aa8657
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We establish the gravitational detectability of a Dirac monopole using a weak-field limit of general relativity, which can be developed from the Newtonian gravitational potential by including energy as a source. The resulting potential matches (by construction) the weak-field limit of two different solutions to Einstein's equations of general relativity: one associated with the magnetically monopolar spray of field lines emerging from the half-infinite solenoid that makes up the Dirac monopole, the other associated with the field-energetic source of the solenoid itself (the Dirac string). The string's gravitational effect dominates, and we suggest that the primary strong-field contribution of the Dirac configuration is that of a half-infinite line of energy, whose GR solution is known.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Aug 2017 16:49:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-09-22
[ [ "Banyas", "E.", "" ], [ "Franklin", "J.", "" ] ]
We establish the gravitational detectability of a Dirac monopole using a weak-field limit of general relativity, which can be developed from the Newtonian gravitational potential by including energy as a source. The resulting potential matches (by construction) the weak-field limit of two different solutions to Einstein's equations of general relativity: one associated with the magnetically monopolar spray of field lines emerging from the half-infinite solenoid that makes up the Dirac monopole, the other associated with the field-energetic source of the solenoid itself (the Dirac string). The string's gravitational effect dominates, and we suggest that the primary strong-field contribution of the Dirac configuration is that of a half-infinite line of energy, whose GR solution is known.
1508.03331
Ram Gopal Vishwakarma
Ram Gopal Vishwakarma
A Machian Approach to General Relativity
Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. (in press)
null
10.1142/S0219887815501169
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Mach's principle is surely one of those tantalizingly beautiful concepts in physics which remain elusive. Though General Relativity (GR) was conceived in the spirit of realizing it, the theory failed to fulfill this expectation. Here a study on the implications of imposing Mach's principle on GR with an insight that spacetime has no independent existence without a material background, is presented. This inclusion of the principle in GR turns out to be unexpectedly rewarding. The resulting theory solves many mysteries and averts lingering problems of the conventional forms of GR and cosmology.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Aug 2015 23:11:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-08-19
[ [ "Vishwakarma", "Ram Gopal", "" ] ]
Mach's principle is surely one of those tantalizingly beautiful concepts in physics which remain elusive. Though General Relativity (GR) was conceived in the spirit of realizing it, the theory failed to fulfill this expectation. Here a study on the implications of imposing Mach's principle on GR with an insight that spacetime has no independent existence without a material background, is presented. This inclusion of the principle in GR turns out to be unexpectedly rewarding. The resulting theory solves many mysteries and averts lingering problems of the conventional forms of GR and cosmology.
2103.03083
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif and M. Zeeshan Gul
Noether Symmetry Approach in Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity
22 pages, 5 figures
Physica Scripta 96(2021)025002
10.1088/1402-4896/abcd67
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we investigate the newly developed $f(R,\mathbf{T}^2)$ theory ($R$ is the Ricci scalar and $\mathbf{T}^2=T_{\alpha\beta}T^{\alpha\beta},~T _{\alpha\beta}$ demonstrates the energy-momentum tensor) to explore some viable cosmological models. For this purpose, we use the Noether symmetry approach in the context of flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe. We solve the Noether equations of this modified theory for two types of models and obtain the symmetry generators as well as corresponding conserved quantities. We also evaluate exact solutions and investigate their physical behavior via different cosmological parameters. For the prospective models, the graphical behavior of these parameters indicate consistency with recent observations representing accelerated expansion of the universe. In the first case, we take a special model of this theory and obtain new class of exact solutions with the help of conserved quantities. Secondly, we consider minimal and non-minimal coupling models of $f(R,\mathbf{T} ^{2})$ gravity. We conclude that conserved quantities are very useful to derive the exact solutions that are used to study the cosmic accelerated expansion.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Mar 2021 10:05:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-03-10
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Gul", "M. Zeeshan", "" ] ]
In this paper, we investigate the newly developed $f(R,\mathbf{T}^2)$ theory ($R$ is the Ricci scalar and $\mathbf{T}^2=T_{\alpha\beta}T^{\alpha\beta},~T _{\alpha\beta}$ demonstrates the energy-momentum tensor) to explore some viable cosmological models. For this purpose, we use the Noether symmetry approach in the context of flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe. We solve the Noether equations of this modified theory for two types of models and obtain the symmetry generators as well as corresponding conserved quantities. We also evaluate exact solutions and investigate their physical behavior via different cosmological parameters. For the prospective models, the graphical behavior of these parameters indicate consistency with recent observations representing accelerated expansion of the universe. In the first case, we take a special model of this theory and obtain new class of exact solutions with the help of conserved quantities. Secondly, we consider minimal and non-minimal coupling models of $f(R,\mathbf{T} ^{2})$ gravity. We conclude that conserved quantities are very useful to derive the exact solutions that are used to study the cosmic accelerated expansion.
1006.4435
Sebastein Clesse
Sebastien Clesse
Initial conditions in hybrid inflation: exploration by MCMC technique
Proceedings of the 45th Rencontres de Moriond conference, March 13 - 20, 2010, La Thuile, Italy
null
null
ulb-th/10-16, CP3-10-23
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In hybrid inflation, initial field values leading to sufficiently long inflation were thought be fine-tuned in a narrow band along the inflationary valley. A re-analysis of this problem has shown that there exists a non negligible proportion of successful initial conditions exterior to the valley, organized in a complex structure with fractal boundaries, and whose origin has been explained. Their existence in a large part of the parameter space has been demonstrated using a bayesian Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain (MCMC) method, and natural bounds on potential parameters have been established. Moreover, these results are shown to be valid not only for the original hybrid model, but also for other hybrid realizations in various frameworks.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jun 2010 07:30:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-06-24
[ [ "Clesse", "Sebastien", "" ] ]
In hybrid inflation, initial field values leading to sufficiently long inflation were thought be fine-tuned in a narrow band along the inflationary valley. A re-analysis of this problem has shown that there exists a non negligible proportion of successful initial conditions exterior to the valley, organized in a complex structure with fractal boundaries, and whose origin has been explained. Their existence in a large part of the parameter space has been demonstrated using a bayesian Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain (MCMC) method, and natural bounds on potential parameters have been established. Moreover, these results are shown to be valid not only for the original hybrid model, but also for other hybrid realizations in various frameworks.
1511.00247
Giulio D'Odorico
Giulio D'Odorico and Frank Saueressig
Quantum Phase Transitions in the BKL Universe
4 pages, 2 figures
Phys. Rev. D 92, 124068 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.124068
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study quantum corrections to the classical Bianchi I and Bianchi IX universes. The modified dynamics is well-motivated from the asymptotic safety program where the short-distance behavior of gravity is governed by a non-trivial renormalization group fixed point. The correction terms induce a phase transition in the dynamics of the model, changing the classical, chaotic Kasner oscillations into a uniform approach to a point singularity. The resulting implications for the microscopic structure of spacetime are discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 1 Nov 2015 13:30:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-01-06
[ [ "D'Odorico", "Giulio", "" ], [ "Saueressig", "Frank", "" ] ]
We study quantum corrections to the classical Bianchi I and Bianchi IX universes. The modified dynamics is well-motivated from the asymptotic safety program where the short-distance behavior of gravity is governed by a non-trivial renormalization group fixed point. The correction terms induce a phase transition in the dynamics of the model, changing the classical, chaotic Kasner oscillations into a uniform approach to a point singularity. The resulting implications for the microscopic structure of spacetime are discussed.
gr-qc/9612065
Jai-chan Hwang
J. Hwang and H. Noh
Density Spectrums from Kinetic Inflations
8 pages, revtex, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The pole-like accelerated expansion stages purely driven by the coupling between the gravity and the dilaton field without referring to the potential term can be realized in a class of generalized gravity theories. We consider three such scenarios based on the scalar-tensor gravity, the induced gravity and the string theory. Quantum fluctuations during the expansion stages (including more general situations) can be derived in exact analytic forms. Assuming that the pole-like acceleration stage provides a viable inflation scenario in the early universe we derive the generated classical density spectrums. The generated classical density field shows a generic tilted spectrum with $n \simeq 4$ which differs from the observed spectrum supporting $n \simeq 1$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Dec 1996 02:18:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Hwang", "J.", "" ], [ "Noh", "H.", "" ] ]
The pole-like accelerated expansion stages purely driven by the coupling between the gravity and the dilaton field without referring to the potential term can be realized in a class of generalized gravity theories. We consider three such scenarios based on the scalar-tensor gravity, the induced gravity and the string theory. Quantum fluctuations during the expansion stages (including more general situations) can be derived in exact analytic forms. Assuming that the pole-like acceleration stage provides a viable inflation scenario in the early universe we derive the generated classical density spectrums. The generated classical density field shows a generic tilted spectrum with $n \simeq 4$ which differs from the observed spectrum supporting $n \simeq 1$.
1809.08792
Mehdi Rezaei
Mohammad Malekjani, Mehdi Rezaei and Iman A. Akhlaghi
Can Holographic dark energy models fit the observational data?
12 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables, Accepted in PRD
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.063533
Phys. Rev. D 98, 063533
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we investigate the holographic dark energy models with slowly time-varying model parameter defined based on the current Hubble horizon length scale. While the previous studies on the three popular holographic dark energy models defined based on the future event horizon, Ricci scale and Granda-Oliveros IR cutoffs showed that these models cannot fit the observational data [1], in this work we show that the holographic dark energy models with time-varying model parameter defined on the current Hubble radius are well favored by observations. Using the standard $\chi^2$ minimization in the context of Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we compare the ability of holographic dark energy models with time-varying $c^2$ parameter constructed on the current Hubble length scale against different sets of observational data namely expansion data, growth rate data and expansion+growth rate data respectively. Based on the values of Akaike and Bayesian information criteria, we find that these types of holographic dark energy models are well fitted to both expansion and growth rate observations as equal to $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. We also put constraints on the cosmological parameters and show that the transition epoch form early decelerated to current accelerated expansion calculated in holographic dark energy models with time-varying model parameter defined on the Hubble length is consistent with observations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Sep 2018 08:03:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 2 Oct 2018 20:26:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-07
[ [ "Malekjani", "Mohammad", "" ], [ "Rezaei", "Mehdi", "" ], [ "Akhlaghi", "Iman A.", "" ] ]
In this work we investigate the holographic dark energy models with slowly time-varying model parameter defined based on the current Hubble horizon length scale. While the previous studies on the three popular holographic dark energy models defined based on the future event horizon, Ricci scale and Granda-Oliveros IR cutoffs showed that these models cannot fit the observational data [1], in this work we show that the holographic dark energy models with time-varying model parameter defined on the current Hubble radius are well favored by observations. Using the standard $\chi^2$ minimization in the context of Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we compare the ability of holographic dark energy models with time-varying $c^2$ parameter constructed on the current Hubble length scale against different sets of observational data namely expansion data, growth rate data and expansion+growth rate data respectively. Based on the values of Akaike and Bayesian information criteria, we find that these types of holographic dark energy models are well fitted to both expansion and growth rate observations as equal to $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. We also put constraints on the cosmological parameters and show that the transition epoch form early decelerated to current accelerated expansion calculated in holographic dark energy models with time-varying model parameter defined on the Hubble length is consistent with observations.
2103.06411
Luis L\'opez
L. A. L\'opez and Omar Pedraza
Effects of quintessence on scattering and absorption sections of black holes
null
null
10.1007/s12648-022-02373-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Basing on the ideas used by Kiselev, we study three black holes surrounded by quintessence and the effects of quintessence on the classical and semiclassical scattering cross-sections. In contrast, the absorption section is studied with the sinc approximation in the eikonal limit. For Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m and Bardeen black holes surrounded by quintessence, the values critical of charges and the normalization factor are obtained. We also described the horizons and the extremal condition of the black holes surrounded by quintessence. By setting for the quintessence state parameter in two the particular cases w=-2/3 and w=-1/2.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Mar 2021 01:53:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 16 Apr 2022 20:53:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-06-08
[ [ "López", "L. A.", "" ], [ "Pedraza", "Omar", "" ] ]
Basing on the ideas used by Kiselev, we study three black holes surrounded by quintessence and the effects of quintessence on the classical and semiclassical scattering cross-sections. In contrast, the absorption section is studied with the sinc approximation in the eikonal limit. For Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m and Bardeen black holes surrounded by quintessence, the values critical of charges and the normalization factor are obtained. We also described the horizons and the extremal condition of the black holes surrounded by quintessence. By setting for the quintessence state parameter in two the particular cases w=-2/3 and w=-1/2.