Split (2)

train · 226k rows

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in regards to verbal communication, how long does it take baby animals to comprehend what their older counterparts are communicating?	Well for humans there's many stages of learning involved in speech and speech comprehension. Babies are prone to mimicking what they see or hear, so seeing the movement of their parents mouths and the noises that come out pushes them to do the same. Obviously their brains are not fully developed so they start with babb...	[ "Infants use words to communicate early in life and their communication skills develop as they grow older. Communication skills aid in word learning. Infants learn to take turns while communicating with adults. While preschoolers lack precise timing and rely on obvious speaker cues, older children are more precise ...
What happens when you magnetize antimatter?	> According to Einsteins equation a reaction with 1 gram of antimatter colliding with another gram of regular matter of the same element can create x1335 the energy need to propel the Saturn V Rocket to light speed This uses the Newtonian formula for kinetic energy. The correct formula for kinetic energy shows that y...	[ "Antiferromagnets, like ferrimagnets, have two sublattices with opposing moments, but now the moments are equal in magnitude. If the moments are exactly opposed, the magnet has no remanence. However, the moments can be tilted (spin canting), resulting in a moment nearly at right angles to the moments of the sublatt...
what is the difference between a snowball effect and a domino effect?	Just my thoughts... Domino effect would create a chain reaction of multiple events. For example: you yell at someone, which ruins their day, they then yell at someone, running their day, and so on. The be original action is essentially repeated in a similar manner. Snowball effect would create a larger reaction with ...	[ "A domino effect or chain reaction is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events. The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a falling row of dominoes. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is...
Airplanes and passenger weight. Cost difference in flying heavy/light passengers.	I'm approving this on a very tentative basis. Please keep the discussion to the science of flight-weight ratios alone and not the ethical implications of such a system.	[ "By this point the Model 2229 effort had progressed to detail design. The 100-passenger aircraft had settled at about 420,000 lb, heavier than the Boeing 707 while holding 20% fewer passengers. As the operational costs of an aircraft are roughly defined by the aircraft fuel use, a function of weight, divided by the...
Where there any proposals to create an African nation in America?	There were black communities set up by African Americans in the late 1870s-80s, but they weren't protected by the government like Native American reservations. The people participating in the communities were called [exodusters](_URL_1_) because of the exodus from the south to states like Kansas. One of the more well ...	[ "The focus for developing the United States of Africa so far has been on building subdivisions of Africa - the proposed East African Federation can be seen as an example of this. Former President of Senegal, Abdoulaye Wade, had indicated that the United States of Africa could exist from as early as 2017. The Africa...
someone explain cpu cores to me	You seem to have a bit of a misconception about what clock speeds mean. It isn't a measurement of how fast a processor is. 2.7 GHz processor means that it does 2.7 billion cycles per second. If you overclocked your CPU to double the clock speed it would be able to make 2x as many calculations per second. But comparing ...	[ "The CPU core is a two-way superscalar in-order RISC processor. Based on the MIPS R5900, it implements the MIPS-III instruction set architecture (ISA) and much of MIPS-IV, in addition to a custom instruction set developed by Sony which operated on 128-bit wide groups of either 32-bit, 16-bit, or 8-bit integers in s...
why is crying a natural response to both extreme sadness and extreme happiness, but not so much for anything in between?	Crying is a response to extreme emotion- I’ve seen people cry from being scared, angry (kind of the same thing) etc. it’s a natural way to release those pent up emotions. You wouldn’t need to cry over something mild happening, like say, your food order being late, unless you already had a bunch of unexpressed emotions ...	[ "The question of the function or origin of emotional tears remains open. Theories range from the simple, such as response to inflicted pain, to the more complex, including nonverbal communication in order to elicit altruistic helping behavior from others. Some have also claimed that crying can serve several biochem...
What's the difference between formulas, algorithms and equations?	An equation always has an "equal" sign in the middle, and declares that the two things on either side of it are equal. A formula is a type of equation. An algorithm is a defined series of instructions...a recipe or procedure.	[ "In computing, a formula typically describes a calculation, such as addition, to be performed on one or more variables. A formula is often implicitly provided in the form of a computer instruction such as.\n", "The mathematical notation used for formulas has its own grammar, not dependent on a specific natural la...
Were ancient Greek statues really coloured like this?	There was a good discussion about the specifics of the color recreations on the sub a few weeks back; you can read it [here](_URL_0_).	[ "BULLET::::- Ancient Greek sculptures were originally painted bright colors; they only appear white today because the original pigments have deteriorated. Some well-preserved statues still bear traces of their original coloration.\n", "Ancient Greek sculptures were originally painted bright colors; they only appe...
how can wal-mart sell so many items for cheaper than other big box store prices?	Wal-Mart is notorious for selling lower quality versions of similar products at other stores. They have other angles, but above all, keep an eye on the quality at Wal-Mart, it is noticeably less than other stores.	[ "Unlike many other retailers, Walmart does not charge [[slotting fee]]s to suppliers for their products to appear in the store. Instead, it focuses on selling more-popular products and provides incentives for store managers to drop unpopular products.\n", "Products at Walmart Neighborhood Market stores carry the ...
How different would the star constellation be around Alpha Centauri? Would we share any of the same noticeable constellations?	Even as most of the "constellation stars", ie. the one's visible with the naked eye, tend to be relatively close(*) to Sol, they're still, generally, tens, hundreds and even thousands of lightyears away. So, most of the stars' apparent positions would shift relatively little by the meager 4 ly jump from Sun to Alpha C...	[ "Alpha Centauri A and B are Sun-like stars (Class G and K), and together they form the binary star Alpha Centauri AB. To the naked eye, the two main components appear to be a single star with an apparent magnitude of −0.27, forming the brightest star in the southern constellation of Centaurus and the third-brightes...
Regional Differences in US Soldiers' Placements during WWII? Regional Differences in War Coverage?	For the U.S. Army, generally no, [as I've elaborated on before](_URL_6_), although there were a few interesting exceptions. One circumstance that could have large numbers of men from the same area fighting together in the same unit in the same theater was if they were members of the National Guard. I wrote previously...	[ "The official history of the United States Army in World War II says of the unit during this period, \"This unit was undoubtedly one of the best signal outfits in the Army…. The service provided by this crack unit suggested how effective communications could be in the hands of experienced troops.\"\n", "After the...
Why on Wikipedia list of top WW2 Ace pilots are above 50 almost only marks only German Luftwaffe pilots?	1. *Luftwaffe* personnel policy \- The Germans tended to keep pilots in combat for as long as possible. In general, German jadgflieger only stopped flying combat missions if they were killed (Walter Nowotny), badly wounded (Günther Specht, although he eventually returned to service), captured (Ulrich Steinhil...	[ "Among many of the combatants, ace status was granted to a pilot who scored five or more kills. Applying this to \"Luftwaffe\" fighter pilots and their records shows more than 2,500 German pilots were aces. However, the Germans did not use this benchmark; instead they awarded the title of \"Experte\" to a fighter p...
why do so many ant hills show up after it's been raining?	Ant hills are usually caused by ants dumping debris out of the holes that lead into their home complexes. After a rain, a lot of dirt and debris has fallen off the walls and into the holes, and has to be removed. So the ants take all that out and dumps it into the area around the holes, making a hill.	[ "Ant hill art is a growing collecting hobby. It involves pouring molten metal (typically non-toxic zinc or aluminum), plaster or cement down an ant colony mound acting as a mold and upon hardening, one excavates the resulting structure. In some cases, this involves a great deal of digging. The casts are often used ...
when looking at laptops, is the mah the capacity of the battery? is it multiplied by how many cells there are?	The thing that matters is watt hours. That is amp hours times nominal voltage. Assuming the batteries are of the same chemistry, thus each cell has the same voltage, yes, it's proportional to the number of cells. So the 6 cell 4.4 stores almost twice as much energy as the 3 cell 4.6.	[ "The laptop design specification goals are consumption of about 2 W of power during normal use, far less than the 10 W to 45 W of conventional laptops. With build 656, power consumption is between 5 and 8 watts measured on G1G1 laptop. Future software builds are expected to meet the 2-watt target.\n", "It is most...
how was the world able to work together to ban cfcs and protect the ozone layer, but aren't making those same enviornmental gains now?	Not an expert by any means, but CFCs in aerosol cans and the like are easily and cheaply replaced by other gases. Carbon emissions are the main cause of climate change and those are caused by fossil fuel consumption. The oil, gas, and coal industry has a much more powerful lobby in governments, and hydrocarbons are a l...	[ "In his 1993 book, \"Ecoscam\", Bailey wrote, \"Despite a great deal of continuing scientific uncertainty, it appears that CFCs do contribute to the creation of the Antarctic ozone hole and perhaps a tiny amount of global ozone depletion. ... [I]t makes sense to phase out the use of CFCs.\" When \"Science\" reporte...
why do many businesses, especially those with long term aspirations lease vs buy their buildings?	Lease payments are deductible business expenses. Leasing property or equipment reduces a company's taxable income dollar-for-dollar. A building owned by the company is an asset. Depreciation reduces taxable income, as well as does interest on loans taken to acquire business assets, but in general leasing is the bett...	[ "Lease-purchase contract agreements are open source in nature and flexible to the needs of the tenant/buyer and landlord/seller. Lease-purchase contracts are popular with tenant/buyers who have poor credit scores, lower savings for down payments, or people who are moving from one city to another but are pending a s...
why do we as humans, classify things that we perceive are beautiful, elegant, graceful etc. and other things are abhorrent, loathsome, repulsive etc.	I think that this originally comes from instinctual knowledge about how things look. We are predisposed to like flowing water and healthy green plants and to dislike rotting things and dark places basically anything that could have caused us harm. Everything else is just an extension of this and the things we have seen...	[ "BULLET::::5. \"Beauty\": The collective knowledge of philosophers and mathematicians of the past, as well as modern day artists, scientists, models and musicians form the basis for considering what people find beautiful and why.\n", "The characterization of a person as “beautiful”, whether on an individual basis...
where does the flu go?	It's still there. The number of infected people just go down because people aren't stuck inside together, so it doesn't get passed as easily. But once it gets colder and people stay inside together, one infected person can infect more people.	[ "Typically, influenza is transmitted from infected mammals through the air by coughs or sneezes, creating aerosols containing the virus, and from infected birds through their droppings. Influenza can also be transmitted by saliva, nasal secretions, feces and blood. Infections occur through contact with these bodily...
why do i pass out when i see my own bloody injuries?	Yeah, what we're disgusted/shocked at is generally not in our control. It's not a voluntary response, where we look at something and consciously think, "OH GOSH that is so gross I'm gonna pass out." It's really our subconsciousness' decision. Since your sister also does this, it might be [vasovagal syncope.](_URL_2_...	[ "Not only does this interview depict the agony of having to watch ones fellow soldiers being slaughtered, but also how it feels to be personally brutalized. The fire had burned my clothes and I was lying there mostly naked with burns all over my body. There was no bleeding or pain, which had to be a blessing at the...
the new rules regarding overtime pay announced by the department of labor	An individual has to pass two tests to be considered exempt. 1. They have to perform certain types of duties at work 2. They had to be paid a minimum of $23,600 per year If they met both tests they were "exempt" from the fair labor standards act, which means they did not have to be paid overtime. They could be pa...	[ "The U.S. Department of Labor changed overtime pay rules on May 18, 2016. The process began in 2014 when President Obama signed a Presidential Memorandum that directed the Department of Labor to update regulations that affect white collar workers who fall under minimum wage and overtime protections.\n", "The Unit...
Your Finger is Pricked by a HIV Infected Needle- Can You Amputate To Save Yourself?	No. This kind of thing happens to nurses and other medical workers more often than you would think. First, the chances of getting HIV from this type of exposure are pretty low. It isn't like sharing a needle for intravenous drug use where blood is actually drawn up into the syringe. Second, if there is a known expo...	[ "A simple prick or accidentally touching a used infected needle can put someone at risk of acquiring Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, or HIV. Hepatitis B is the easiest to contract, followed by Hepatitis C, followed by HIV from discarded needles. Almost 50% of people who participate in IVDU have Hepatitis C. Not only are ...
Does the universe really look like a brain cell?	First it should be pointed out that this is not a picture of the universe. This is picture of a dark matter simulation. That being said, if you choose the right scale, on the right simulation, and choose the right colour scheme to compare with, then they do look similar. I can't say much as to the validity of what a br...	[ "The Boltzmann brain argument suggests that it is more likely for a single brain to spontaneously and briefly form in a void (complete with a false memory of having existed in our universe) than it is for our universe to have come about in the way modern science thinks it actually did. It is a reductio ad absurdum ...
Why can't some tissues like ligaments regenerate?	In order for parts of the human body to regenerate, stem cells have to be present that can differentiate into the damaged tissue. You might be familiar with the fact that your skin is continuously being replaced as old cells are sloughed off and replaced with new ones. This occurs because epithelial stem cells are pres...	[ "Ligaments are similar to tendons and fasciae as they are all made of connective tissue. The differences in them are in the connections that they make: ligaments connect one bone to another bone, tendons connect muscle to bone, and fasciae connect muscles to other muscles. These are all found in the skeletal system...
what is reddit?	Reddit is like a forum, except anybody can create their own sub-forums (or "sub-reddits") within it if they'd like. Some of the most popular threads in the most popular sub-forums are aggregated and displayed on the front page by default. (The word "aggregate" simply means "to gather together"). However, you can cre...	[ "Reddit is a website comprising user-generated content—including photos, videos, links, and text-based posts—and discussions of this content in what is essentially a bulletin board system. The name \"Reddit\" is a play-on-words with the phrase \"read it\", i.e., \"I read it on Reddit.\" , there are approximately 33...
How does the chemical composition of air influences our behaviour?	> Q What happens to human behaviour when the current balance of the global chemical composition of air is changed? That's a very vague question. Temporary low oxygen enviornments over a few weeks can boost red blood cell count which can benefit athletes in training. High oxygen environments can benefit people, but th...	[ "Air sensitivity is a term used, particularly in chemistry, to denote the reactivity of chemical compounds with some constituent of air. Most often, reactions occur with atmospheric oxygen (O) or water vapor (HO), although reactions with the other constituents of air such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO...
the differences and similarities between anarchy and communism	Anarchy is an ideology which asserts that there is no need for a government for a peaceful and ideal community. On the other hand communism requires a government. And the key idea behind communism is to make all citizen equal.(This is the duty of the government) For example all of them will have a house but the houses ...	[ "While communism is proposed as a form of social and economic organisation by many anarchists, other anarchists consider it a danger to the liberty and free development of the individual. Most schools of anarchism have recognized a distinction between libertarian and authoritarian forms of communism. Pierre-Joseph ...
In the human heart, why are the atria and ventricles of the same side separated from each other? Couldn't there just be a right chamber that pumps blood to the lungs and a left chamber that pumps blood around the body?	It would be possible to make a heart that relies completely on passive filling in humans, but we have evolved from animals in which atria contribute much more than in our heart. In mammals and humans, the atria play a relatively small role, when they contract they contribute ~10-30% to ventricular filling. In an othe...	[ "The heart is a four-chambered organ consisting of right and left halves, called the right heart and the left heart. The upper two chambers, the left and right atria, are entry points \"into\" the heart for blood-flow returning from the circulatory system, while the two lower chambers, the left and right ventricles...
why do people that aren't normally suicidal, randomly have the urge or thought to drive into oncoming traffic or other ways to die?	The feeling you're describing is called as L’appel du Vide or the high place phenomenon. The speculation is that when you see somthing like oncoming traffic, you veer away or step back as an instinct, a survival response. But your conscious brain, constructs a rational explanation for the instinct. "I must have wanted...	[ "Some suicides are the result of intended car crashes. This especially applies to single-occupant, single-vehicle accidents, \"because of the frequency of its use, the generally accepted inherent hazards of driving, and the fact that it offers the individual an opportunity to imperil or end his life without conscio...
I'm the head of a Roman family during the height of the Imperial Period and the Tax Collector asks for the taxes, and I refuse for one reason or another. What happens next?	The head of a Roman family? Or a provincial? A Roman wouldn't have had to pay taxes, Roman citizens were exempt from all taxes except the vectigals, a broad class of duties levied generally on trade. Most Roman citizens would not have paid any taxes at all, except for those few who engaged in some sort of merchant tr...	[ "The measures of taxation in the reign of Augustus were determined by population census, with fixed quotas for each province. Citizens of Rome and Italy paid indirect taxes, while direct taxes were exacted from the provinces. Indirect taxes included a 4% tax on the price of slaves, a 1% tax on goods sold at auction...
How do scientists know what planets look like, what they're made out of, whether it could sustain life etc. They're millions of light years away and they don't see much detail, right? And what do scientists see when they see into telescopes like the Hubble. Do they just see a round ball or more?	Well, first off, we don't know of any exoplanets that are millions of light years away. That's MUCH too far to be able to spot planets. [Here's a list of known exoplanets.](_URL_0_) The farthest one is 8500 parsecs, which is about 27,700 light years. Still a pretty good distance, but barely 1/4 of the way across our o...	[ "The goal of these missions is not only to detect Earth-sized planets, but also to directly detect light from the planet so that it may be studied spectroscopically. By examining planetary spectra, it would be possible to determine the basic composition of an extrasolar planet's atmosphere and/or surface. Given thi...
"It ain't over til the Fat Lady Sings"	This quote is supposed to be about Brunhilde singing her final aria at the end of Gotterdammerung, which is the last opera in the Ring Cycle (four total operas) and is about 6 hours long. (!!!) Brunhilde is often a larger woman, and her [traditional costume has her in a chestplate and a winged hat](_URL_0_) - she's act...	[ "When the show started there was a segment called \"The Game's Not Over Until the Fat Lady Sings\", where an overweight lady would go to a game and sing when she thought that the game was over. This segment was scrapped due to the fat lady being fired for singing after the siren had gone. The part of the fat lady w...
why when i zoom out on ascii art it changes color?	Text scaling gets weird when individual characters get really small - near the pixel size or smaller. When dealing with modern digital LCD displays and modern operating systems, you're starting to look at [sub-pixel rendering](_URL_0_) of text (just looking at the pictures in that article will probably answer your que...	[ "\"Colors! 3D\" allows users to draw on five layers, each on their own stereoscopic 3D plane. Drawing is done on the bottom screen while the top screen displays the painting in 3D. While drawing, players can use the various controls on the Nintendo 3DS to change layers, zoom and pan, and alter the pressure of their...
Question Regarding Radar Fire Control in WWII	Some Japanese vessels, like the new Akizuki class as well as larger capital ships like the Kongo, Haruna, Yamato, and more, were equipped with a surface-surface radar (Type 22) that could be used to provide information to the fire control systems. It was fairly standard equipment by early 1944 or so, and entered servic...	[ "Most fire-control radars have unique characteristics, such as radio frequency, pulse duration, pulse frequency and power. These can assist in identifying the radar, and therefore the weapon system it is controlling. This can provide valuable tactical information, like the maximum range of the weapon, or flaws that...
what was the reason for nintendo 64 to use a 64-bit processor, and why did it take 10 years for every other processor type to catch up?	Chance, I would suppose. A company called Silicon Graphics Inc. acquired another company called MIPS Technologies specifically because MIPS Technologies had created this really cheap, really powerful new 64-bit processor (MIPS R4000), and Silicon Graphics Inc. wanted the technology. SGI had initially offered the techn...	[ "The Nintendo 64, originally announced as the \"Ultra 64\", was released in 1996. The system's delays and use of the expensive cartridge format made it an unpopular platform among third party developers. Several popular 1st party titles allowed the Nintendo 64 to maintain strong sales in the United States, but it r...
Do rubber soles on our shoes actually protect us from lightning strikes?	No, it's very unlikely that they do. Air has a dielectric strength of 3 MV/m. To travel 1 m, we need 3 million volts. To travel two meters, 6 million volts. And so on. Rubber has ~15 MV/m. It seems a lot more insulating than air. This means that for electricity to travel through your 1 cm soles, we need a voltage of...	[ "In the industrial settings such as paint or flour plants as well as in hospitals, antistatic safety boots are sometimes used to prevent a buildup of static charge due to contact with the floor. These shoes have soles with good conductivity. Anti-static shoes should not be confused with insulating shoes, which prov...
What was the first country to have an accurate map of the whole world?	Maps are still being refined. What do you intend with "accurate"?	[ "Kunyu Wanguo Quantu (; , \"Complete Geographical Map of all the Kingdoms of the World\"), printed by Italian Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci at the request by Wanli Emperor in 1602, is the first known European-styled Chinese world map (and the first Chinese map to show the Americas). The map is in Classical Chinese...
Why do some animals have completely blacked out eyes?	It's an evolutionary trait that has benefited certain types of predators. Looking at this from the other side. What benefit comes from eyes that have white around the cornea? In herd animals or pack predators there is a type of non verbal queue that allows for one to estimate the direction in which another member ...	[ "Animals with this pattern may include birds, cats, cattle, dogs, foxes, horses, pigs, and snakes. Some animals also exhibit colouration of the irises of the eye that match the surrounding skin (blue eyes for pink skin, brown for dark). The underlying genetic cause is related to a condition known as leucism.\n", ...
How was bronze-/iron age metal mined, what types of metals where mined.	hi! not discouraging anyone from providing more info, but FYI, you may be interested in previous posts on mining from the FAQ (link on sidebar): [Mineral resource extraction](_URL_0_)	[ "Innovation of the technique of smelting ore ended the Stone Age and began the Bronze Age. The first most significant metal manufactured was bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, each of which was smelted separately. The transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age was a period during which modern people could sme...
Has anyone proved how many colors you would need if you had a cube with an arbitrary number of three-dimensional regions in it so that no two bordering regions are the same color? It would be like the four color theorem but in three dimensions.	There are generalizations of the 4-color theorem to arbitrary surfaces. The classical 4-color theorem is concerned with maps drawn on a plane, but we can consider maps drawn on a sphere, or a torus, or a Mobius band, or any 2-dimensional manifold. It turns out that answer to that question is known, and the maximum numb...	[ "(Independently found by F.R.K.Chung. Improving on this, Marston Conder in 1993 showed that for all n not less than 3 the edges of the \"n\"-cube can be 3-colored in such a way that there is no monochromatic 4-cycle or 6-cycle).\n", "There are 96 center pieces which show one color each, 48 edge pieces which show ...
Did the average American see the Civil War coming?	Adapted from a previous answer: 1/2 Did anybody see the Civil War coming? The answer there that it depends what one means by "see the Civil War coming" and also what "the Civil War entails" in their minds when they do or don't see it. So let's open the box on Schroedinger's Antebellum American for the firm yes an...	[ "The casualties of American Civil War did more than simply reduce the male population of the country, they also dramatically increased the number of widows and orphans. Many states reacted to the crisis by erecting new (or taking over existing) buildings to \"care for, educate and train the children of fallen soldi...
are there examples of countries that were made artifically successful? are they still successful? is the same thing possible today with any 3rd world country?	one could very easily argue Japan if what I understand about your question is correct. Japan was heavily invested in by the United States and the west after WWII. Given now-to-no interest loans, and tariff-free trading abilities Japan was able to rebuild much faster than the other countries that had been destroyed in ...	[ "However, successful achievements are few and mostly in the developed countries (in Western Europe - especially Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands; as well as in the USA and Japan) where a culture of leadership and collaboration between the different stakeholders at the community's governance level alread...
at what point in space would something actually become "weightless?"	There is no "range limit" on gravity. As you get farther away it takes more sensitive instruments to measure it, but it never stops. "Weightless" simply means that you and your surroundings are accelerating together at the rate that matches that caused by the local gravity curvature. You can be weightless in a plane...	[ "While the weight of an object is dependent on the strength of the local gravitational field, the mass of an object is independent of gravity, as mass is a measure of the quantity of matter. Accordingly, for astronauts in microgravity, no effort is required to hold objects off the cabin floor; they are \"weightless...
How long does it take for a star to go nova/supernova, and what would it look like? (Among other questions)	The Sun won't "blow up". The last evolutionary stage of the Sun is the AGB (Asymptotic Giant Branch) where it starts to pulsate, shredding off most of its mass into a giant [nebula](_URL_0_) leaving a very hot and very dense core consisting of mostly free electrons. This core remnant is known as a white dwarf. A whit...	[ "A star would take between 11.5 and 15 million years to reach the red supergiant stage, with more rapidly-rotating stars taking the longest. Rapidly-rotating stars take only 9.3 million years to reach the red supergiant stage, while stars with slow rotation take only 8.1 million years. These form the best estimates...
how do people learn to enjoy the taste of hard liquors such as whisky?	Drink rotgut to get drunk, then drink something of higher quality to enjoy the experience of drinking. You'll appreciate the difference. Note: don't do this all in one night.	[ "The whisky is tasted, often a little at first, and then in larger amounts and with the spirit being moved around the tongue and swallowed slowly. The purpose of the first tasting is to appraise the texture while subsequent tastings are to analyse flavours and scents. In the second tasting the primary flavours are ...
Is it true that Mahatna Gandhi used to sleep with two girls, naked and told people that he's learning self control?	You may be interested in [these two](_URL_0_) previous [answers](_URL_1_) on Gandhi by /u/CogitoErgoDoom and /u/barath_s, respectively.	[ "Gandhi tried to test and prove to himself his \"brahmacharya\". The experiments began some time after the death of his wife in February 1944. At the start of his experiment he had women sleep in the same room but in different beds. He later slept with women in the same bed but clothed, and finally he slept naked w...
what actually happens mechanically when you turn the thermostat in your car?	Modern cars have electronic thermostats, so nothing mechanical happens with the actual thermostat, although a mechanical valve governing the airflow might move. Traditional thermostats are purely mechanical, however. They have a component called bimetal, it consists of two strips of different type of metal joined toge...	[ "The thermostat is therefore constantly moving throughout its range, responding to changes in vehicle operating load, speed and external temperature, to keep the engine at its optimum operating temperature.\n", "The internal combustion engine cooling thermostat maintains the temperature of the engine near its opt...
why do streaming video services (vudu, netflix, amazon, etc.) load up in full hd within a matter of seconds, but youtube videos can take 30 seconds to partially buffer in only 240p?	Let's say you want to get to work and you have a whole lot of money and comfort is important to you. So you hire a limo to take you to work and pay $100 every day for that service. For $100 you get a lot of comforts, a private limo, plenty of room to spread your legs, leather seats, a mini-bar, it's pretty sweet. ...	[ "The amount of data used by video streaming services depends on the quality of the video. Thus, Android Central breaks down how much data is used (on a smartphone) with regards to different video resolutions. According to their findings, per hour video between 240p and 320p resolution uses roughly 0.3GB. Standard v...
How hydraulic systems work in space?	Tanks in space have a zone for liquid and another one for gas, separated by a flexible or movable membrane (a diaphragm). It's the pressure of the gas that pushes on the liquid (okay, it pushes on the diaphragm which in turn pushes the liquid) forcing it to stay next to the tank outlet. The problem with this approach ...	[ "Hydraulic cylinders are fundamental components of hydraulic machinery. The function of a hydraulic cylinder is to convert the hydrostatic power of a fluid into mechanical power. They are the actuators or muscles of heavy equipment providing motion and force including steering, suspension, pushing, pulling, lifting...
what does microsoft’s announcement really mean and why are people so upset?	If you’re talking about that “pedophile tracker”, most people think it’s A. Not effective and most likely will be like other AI detectors. B. Simply an excuse to look at peoples chatrooms under the pretense of safety. C. Ineffective because, Weill, who uses chatrooms anymore? That’s just what I’ve heard about it, sor...	[ "In March 2019, Microsoft announced that it would display notifications to users informing users of the upcoming end of support, and direct users to a website urging them to purchase a Windows 10 upgrade or a new device.\n", "On March 8, 2014, Microsoft deployed an update for XP that, on the 8th of each month, di...
Is our Solar System's number of planets and planetoids, and the distance between them, unusual?	I must admit, that I haven't played either Mass Effect nor Infinite Space. But in general games are not the best source for scientific accuracy ;) According to the [exoplanet archive](_URL_0_) there are almost 600 confirmed multiplanet systems. The largest of which have 7 confirmed exoplanets. I don't know about a pa...	[ "Observations of exo-planets have shown that arrangements of planets similar to our Solar System are rare. Most planetary systems have super Earths, several times larger than Earth, close to their star, whereas our Solar System's inner region has only a few small rocky planets and none inside Mercury's orbit. Only ...
why don't popular types of candy (m & m's, skittles, reese's, etc.) have cheaper knockoff versions like all other products?	They manage to keep their products so cheap, and they have such incredible brand recognition, that it's essentially impossible to compete with them.	[ "In 2008, two limited-edition varieties of the candy were introduced – \"Wildly Cherry\" M&M's, and, as a marketing tie-in with the film \"Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull\", \"Mint Crisp\" M&M's.\n", "Candy pumpkins are popular in part because the mellowcreme gives them \"an interesting texture...
Is the "time goes faster as we get older" adage an actual psychological phenomenon?	Think of it, perhaps, in terms of Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. When you're young, you are constantly growing, learning. You are also changing physically, socially and mentally. People go through five of these stages by the time they hit their young adulthood. It's common to see people attain indic...	[ "Many older adults claim time speeds up as they get older, which can be explained by forward telescoping. Since forward telescoping leads people to underestimate the amount of time that has occurred since an event, people may feel as if time has passed quickly when they discover the true amount of time since that e...
why do white people in the west have much higher suicide rates?	Presuming you mean European-descendent people in the Western World (typically North America + western Europe), and noting that what motivates suicide is wildly individually dependent, generally some contributing factors to the suicide rates of this (big, diverse) cohort include (but are not limited to): **Secularism ...	[ "According to the \"Mapa da Violencia 2015\" report, the black population is the main victim of domestic violence and homicides in the country. The homicide rates of the white population have been falling (-9,8% between 2003 and 2013), while the homicide rates among black population keep rising (+54,2% between 2003...
How much oxygen would you need to ignite the potentially highly reactive atmosphere of Titan? And how much energy would be released if a suicidal astronaut lit a match?	Atmospheric pressure on Titan is about 150 kPa. Acceleration due to gravity at Titan's surface is about 1.4 m/s^2, so the mass of a 1m^2 air column is about 100000kg. Titan has surface area of 8.3E7 km^2, so the mass of the atmosphere is about 8E18 kg. Assuming 1% methane by mass, that is 8E16 kg of methane, or at 16.0...	[ "In his monograph \"Project Apollo: The Tough Decisions\", Deputy Administrator Seamans wrote that NASA's worst mistake in engineering judgment was not to run a fire test on the command module before the plugs-out test. In the first episode of the 2009 BBC documentary series \"NASA: Triumph and Tragedy\", Jim McDiv...
How did one join the ranks of Praetorian Guard, back in ancient Rome?	The Praetorians actually began their existence as the personal bodyguards of Republican generals; the name of this corps was the "cohors praetoria." Augustus took the men from this corps in order to form the modern image of the Praetorian Guard; as a result, Praetorians were initially a general's personal bodyguard, pr...	[ "The Praetorian Guard was an elite unit of the Roman army formed by Augustus in 27 BC, with the specific function to serve as a bodyguard to the emperor and members of the imperial family. Much more than a guard however, the Praetorians also managed the day-to-day care of the city, such as general security and civi...
The space program has used CO2 scrubbers for ~50 years. Why can't we use this same technology to help clean the atmosphere?	My understanding is that the production and recycling of CO2 scrubbers takes a significant amount of energy, greater than the amount of CO2 that is absorbed from the production of a similar amount of energy. IE it still leads to a net increase in CO2, it just decreases it locally.	[ "A concept to scrub CO2 from the breathing air is to use re-usable amine bead carbon dioxide scrubbers. While one carbon dioxide scrubber filters the astronaut's air, the other can vent scrubbed CO2 to the Mars atmosphere, once that process is completed another one can be used, and the one that was used can take a ...
how is a game converted to a rom for emulation purposes?	A rom is just a copy of the media. In case of GC it's a copy of the data stored on the CD. Some roms are encrypted, like on the 3ds and you need to decrypt them before use on a device. They're called ROMs because originally they were the dumps of Read Only Memory chips found in cartridges and arcade cabinets. Tod...	[ "Emulation is a strategy in digital preservation to combat obsolescence. Emulation focuses on recreating an original computer environment, which can be time-consuming and difficult to achieve, but valuable because of its ability to maintain a closer connection to the authenticity of the digital object. Emulation ad...
Did the Allies in World War II ever entertain the idea of offering a conditional surrender to Nazi Germany before the end of the war? Do we know any details on what the conditions of these offers might have entailed?	The Allies had different goals of victory for the end of the war, so a discussion of conditional surrender has to take this into account. Churchill, coming from a more traditional British school of thought, was primarily focused on restoring the old European balance of powers system of international governance which re...	[ "On 8 May 1945, these arrangements were put into effect in full, notwithstanding that the only German parties to the signed surrender document had been the German High Command. The western Allies maintained that a functioning German state had already ceased to exist, and that consequently the surrender of the Germa...
Were the Reserves for Native Americans in Canada Inspired by the Reservations in the United States?	Kwe, Reserves in Canada were created before the first US reserves, even before the US themselves. The first to establish reserves were the French when what is now Eastern Canada was New France (1534-1763). Most Indigenous peoples living on the territorie claimed by the French were nomadic or semi-nomadic. Algonquian...	[ "Canada has numerous Indian reserves for its First Nations people, which were mostly established by the \"Indian Act\" of 1876 and have been variously expanded and reduced by royal commissions since. They are sometimes incorrectly called by the American term \"reservations\".\n", "Another focus of the Canadian go...
how can this book cost $7000?	I don't think this is the result of a runaway pricing algorithm, I think it is intentionally priced at this level. Some companies or labs need to have reference materials; a chemical engineer may need to look up the official weight of a particular compound, or a structural engineer may need to look up the finer points...	[ "The other seven authors to top one million in eBook sales sell their novels for upwards of $10.00. As Locke reported to the \"Daily Telegraph\" in 2011, \"I put the most famous authors in the world in the position of having to prove their books were ten times better than mine.\" At this price, the author earns 35%...
why do objects in old cartoons that the characters interact with have distinctly different textures, colours, brightness, saturation, etc. than the background?	Because they're drawn separately on different cels. In old cartoons, a background cel would be drawn and colored, and the foreground cels, containing everything that moves and is interacted with, are drawn and colored separately as well. The cells were stacked and the entire thing was filmed, one frame at a time.	[ "Although the characters share some visual similarities with Japanese Anime characters and cartoons they have a distinctive design. They do not have legs, but instead they float, fly and hover. The color palette was designed specifically to appeal to younger children.\n", "There is a special visual aspect in some...
what makes the internet "fast lane" different than paying for faster shipping with the usps?	"Like paying for faster shipping with USPS" is what already exists - it's the pricing tiers you already get. $X/month for 10MBps, $Y/month for 20MBps, etc. Internet "Fast lanes" or "paid prioritization" is content-based. It would be like the USPS starting up a competitor to Etsy (www._URL_0_ or something), then st...	[ "In April 2014, the FCC proposed a set of new regulations that, among other things, would allow for ISPs to levy charges on websites in exchange for faster connection speeds. The \"fast lane\", as the proposal was called, would prioritize that website's internet connection over those of other websites that did not ...
Is there a "true" up and down in the universe? Our galaxy is flat, where is up and down in relation to the Earth?	There is not a true up and down in the universe. You can only infer an up or a down using reference; for example the earth rotates the Sun, you could define "Up" and "Down" using that reference to the earth, by defining the rotation as forward/backward and left/right axis.	[ "BULLET::::- 2000 — Data from several cosmic microwave background experiments give strong evidence that the Universe is \"flat\" (space is not curved, although space-time is), with important implications for the formation of large-scale structure\n", "The shape of the Universe as described in Jainism is shown alo...
why does chocolate in advent calendars and selection boxes not melt?	Depends on the ingredients-milk, wax, cocoa, etc. it just has a bit of a higher melting point.	[ "The fondant in the centre of After Eights is made from a stiff paste of common sugar, water, and a small amount of the enzyme invertase. This fondant can readily be coated with dark chocolate. After manufacture, the enzyme gradually splits the common sugar into the much more soluble sugars glucose and fructose, re...
NSFW How did Ancient cultures deal with sex crimes?	I can comment on the issue of rape in ancient Greece. My main source being Lysias 1 in which Lysias (a logographer) writes a defence speech for Euphiletos who has just killed a man named Eratosthenes after catching him sleeping with his wife. Lysias was considered on of the greatest "lawyers" Athens had ever seen. Give...	[ "In the Middle Assyrian Laws, sex crimes were punished identically whether they were homosexual or heterosexual. An individual faced no punishment for penetrating a cult prostitute, someone of an equal or lower social class, such as slaves, or someone whose gender roles were not considered solidly masculine. Such s...
why do we rarely use the term "tens" but "dozens" is commonly used?	Base 12 counting. These days once we count up to ten we start again with a new set of ten. Hence ten, twenty, thirty, etc. This is called "base ten" counting. In older counting systems, we used base twelve. Twenty would be "one dozen and eight" while 24 is two dozen, etc. This format still holds on in certain idioms, ...	[ "Both the Dozenal Society of America and the Dozenal Society of Great Britain promote widespread adoption of the base-twelve system. They use the word \"dozenal\" instead of \"duodecimal\" to avoid the more overtly base-ten terminology. The etymology of 'dozenal' is itself also an expression based on base-ten termi...
[Biology] Does the vagina absorb any seminal fluids?	Most of them just find their way out shortly afterwards, thanks to gravity. Most of the rest find their way out via regular discharge/menstruation. I believe that the woman's white blood cells will attack and disassemble some if they are there too long. Not sure how much of the leftovers are flushed out (per point 2)...	[ "The majority of the liquid in vaginal discharge is mucus produced by glands of the cervix. The rest is made up of transudate from the vaginal walls and secretions from glands (Skene's and Bartholin's). The solid components are exfoliated epithelial cells from the vaginal wall and cervix as well as some of the bact...
i see many videos of people peacefully interacting with wild sea animals, from blue whales and manatees to orcas and white sharks. the same is not true for land animals. what makes sea animals, even big predators, seem so much more tolerant to human interaction than wild land animals?	Those animals tend to be large enough that they don't have natural predators. Being docile isn't an issue for their species. Something smaller like an otter on the other hand...	[ "Indirect human disturbance may also be a threat. While some populations tolerate small boats, most actively try to avoid ships. Whale-watching has become a booming activity in the St. Lawrence and Churchill River areas, and acoustic contamination from this activity appears to have an effect on belugas. For example...
Why have countries prevented their citizens from leaving? (Russia, E. Germany, China,...)	The rationale was that people were treated very much like kids who could not be trusted to make the correct choices on their own. Because free will was uncacceptable. Free will means that every person can make any decision (well, in the developed society of today there are some limits to this but generally there is q...	[ "Other countries, including most countries in Western Europe and China, permit (or in China's case require) citizens to utilise national identity cards to clear immigration when travelling between adjacent jurisdictions. As a consequence of awkward border situations created by the fall of the Soviet Union, certain ...
Cold War Propaganda Posters?	You can find a good digital collection of propaganda posters from Mao-era China here: _URL_0_ The editor, Stefan Landsberger, is a really reputable historian. Each poster has an English translation and a little bit of historical context, too. There are a few from after Mao, such as Hua Guofeng, too.	[ "Propaganda during the Cold War was at its peak in the 1950s and 1960s in the early years of the Cold war. The United States would make propaganda criticizing and making fun of the enemy the Soviet Union. The propaganda was on movies, television, music, literature and art. The United States officials did not call i...
How is mimicry/camouflage selected for, and how can it become so accurate? (Owl faces in moths/butterflies, walking sticks, leafy seadragons, etc)	Take your basic butterfly, add a pattern that varies with each individual, eat all the ones that look the least like the target pattern, and what's left over will have patterns that are less likely to be eaten. Repeat for generations and you get closer and closer to perfection.	[ "Camouflage relies on deceiving the cognition of the observer, such as a predator. Some camouflage mechanisms such as distractive markings likely function by competing for visual attention with stimuli that would give away the presence of the camouflaged object (such as a prey animal). Such markings have to be cons...
if rat fleas are natural carriers of the plague, how come they don't transmit it anymore?	They do; there are between 1000 and 3000 cases of the plague reported annually. Rats just aren't as much of an urban epidemic as they used to be and the plague can be cured now.	[ "High rates of plague transmission have been associated with low rat abundance and high volume of flea vectors. Historically, rats who acted as hosts to the flea vector subsequently died once they were infected with plague. However, the organism evolved and scientists are now finding that rats are not dying from pl...
Does velocity of sound waves in a medium vary by the frequency?	There is no frequency-dependence for the speed of sound traveling through an ideal gas, but at least in air there is a small (unnoticeable) frequency-dependence due to vibrational relaxation effects of nitrogen and oxygen. You can calculate the speed of sound through air at a given frequency with: * (1/c_0_) - (1/c_...	[ "The speed of sound is variable and depends on the properties of the substance through which the wave is travelling. In solids, the speed of transverse (or shear) waves depends on the shear deformation under shear stress (called the shear modulus), and the density of the medium. Longitudinal (or compression) waves ...
What sort of buildings would be found in a roman town? How would a hamlet, town and city differ regarding types if structures?	For a largish Roman city of the early Imperial period, you should imagine a "civic package" of buildings: a theater, an arena, a forum-basilica with temple, aqueducts, sewers, and a stadium. Not every city had every building: for example, in Britain it was very rare to have a temple connected to the forum, Carthage did...	[ "Roman towns or settlements were conceived as images of the imperial capital in miniature. The construction of public buildings was carried out by the curator operatum and were run directly by the supreme municipal magistrates.\n", "The densely inhabited town, built with stone, retains its medieval aspect; the to...
how does basic circuitry (like in a calculator) perform coding or mathematical function?	Is done in layers. Each layer adds complexity. Let's look at three layers: - Transistors - Logic gates - Logic circuits The key element in these kinds of circuits are transistors. They work like tiny little switches. By putting a few transistors together, it's possible to make basic logic gates. [This web...	[ "In computer science, function composition is an act or mechanism to combine simple functions to build more complicated ones. Like the usual composition of functions in mathematics, the result of each function is passed as the argument of the next, and the result of the last one is the result of the whole.\n", "I...
why do the germans have the 'german discipline'?	It's really more of a way of perceiving your own country. Germany had a rather troubled past, which makes pure patriotism often hard to justify, so we instead cling to virtues like discipline, being on time, organization, that sort of things. Of course, that never really translates into reality as much as you'd like.	[ "While this sounds like discipline is strict in German Gymnasia, in many cases, the official rules are watered down and ignored, except when school officials are watching. For example, while teachers and upper-class students are not allowed to call one another by their first names, in some cases, they do. Relations...
does computer/laptop grow old? or they just can't keep up with current software?	Unless you're talking about games with big resource requirements or heavy duty processing tools (like Adobe Premiere), they should keep up with software for quite a long time. A lot of desktop/laptop machines get bogged down over time with stuff that has been installed on them which add to their slowness by putting th...	[ "The decades of development means that most people already own desktop computers that meet their needs and have no need of buying a new one merely to keep pace with advancing technology. Notably the successive release of new versions of Windows (Windows 95, 98, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10 and so on) had been drivers for th...
what are ticks and why are they so bad?	Ticks are a small bug that feed of the blood of animals and humans. They carry diseases, specifically Lyme Disease. They can be difficult to remove depending on where they attach to the host.	[ "Ticks are parasitic, and some transmit micro-organisms and parasites that can cause diseases in humans, while the saliva of a few species can directly cause tick paralysis if they are not removed within a day or two.\n", "Ticks are invertebrate animals in the phylum Arthropoda, and are related to spiders. Ticks ...
radio frequencies	AM radio has a longer wavelength than FM. FM has cleaner sound, but a smaller effective range, while AM can be more easily interrupted, which leads to more static, however it can travel much farther than FM frequencies.	[ "Radio frequencies are generated and processed within very many functional units such as transmitters, receivers, computers, and televisions to name a few. Radio frequencies are also applied in carrier current systems including telephony and control circuits.\n", "Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of a...
why does gravity cause planets to be attracted to other planets and the sun?	It might help to think about this the other way around. It's not that something called 'gravity' existed and one day it decided to start pulling on planets. It's rather that we humans realized that we are pulled down toward the earth and decided to use the word 'gravity' to describe that. Later we realized that ever...	[ "The Earth, among other planets, orbits the Sun because the Sun exerts a gravitational pull that acts as a centripetal force, holding the Earth to it, which would otherwise go shooting off into space. If the Sun's pull is considered an action, then Earth simultaneously exerts a reaction as a gravitational pull on t...
Time dilation at absolute zero.	In principle the kinetic motion of gasses time dilates the molecules. Consider a gas of tritium, or heavy hydrogen, which is radioactive with a half-life of 12.32 years or 4,500 +/- 8 days. At room temperature, the average molecule is moving at a speed of 1700 m/s relative to the lab frame of reference. So the time d...	[ "In special relativity, time dilation is most simply described in circumstances where relative velocity is unchanging. Nevertheless, the Lorentz equations allow one to calculate proper time and movement in space for the simple case of a spaceship which is applied with a force per unit mass, relative to some referen...
are there any well documented nutritional differences between raw, unrefined sugar, cane sugar, white sugar, natural sugars in fruits etc? do our bodies handle refined white sugar differently than the "natural" stuff?	Yes, there are differences, because there are different kinds of sugar. The most common two you'll see are sucrose (table sugar) and fructose (corn syrup, most fruits, honey). Fructose is sweeter, but also processed faster by your body, and as a result may cause larger blood sugar swings.	[ "From a chemical and nutritional point of view, white sugar does not contain - in comparison to brown sugar - some minerals (such as calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium) present in molasses, even if the quantities contained in brown sugar are so small to be actually not significant. The only detectable differenc...
why is it so bad to turn off a computer by the physical on/off button?	Depends what you mean. If you press the button and let the system go through its shutdown process everything should be fine. If you hold it for a few seconds and force the system to just shut down in the middle of what its doing you risk data corruption.	[ "The screen turns itself off when a person is on a call. This is to prevent the screen accepting unwanted inputs from the user's face when they are making a call, but it also requires the user to turn the screen back on if they want to use the screen. Removing the stylus when in a phone call both turns on the scree...
Do any of the stars in the centre of our galaxy harbour planets?	There aren't many collisions in the centre of the galaxy - the stars are still plenty far apart from each other. You do get some mergers in places like dense globular clusters, but not all that many. However, rather than direct collisions, the gravity of a star coming even vaguely close may disrupt the orbits of the pl...	[ "Somewhere deep within the Andromeda Galaxy lies the Algol Star System. The parent star, Algol (referred to as \"Algo\" by this point in the timeline), has three planets orbiting about it. First is Palm (\"Palma\"), the home of the government. Governors, treasurers, and great thinkers dwell here in great ivory towe...
In the past, farmers were far more numerous than smiths, so why is Smith a more common name than Farmer?	hi, there's always room for more discussion on this, but thought you might be interested in a couple of earlier posts about "Smith"; the first one does discuss "Smith" vs "Farmer" also * [Why is Smith the most common surname?](_URL_0_) * [Why are there so many "Smiths" out there? Were there just a shitload of blacksm...	[ "There is also a geographical connection between the Smiths and the Cowderys. During the 1790s, both Joseph Smith, Sr. and Lucy Mack Smith, and two of Cowdery's relatives were living in Tunbridge, Vermont.\n", "As for Casler's third possible explanation for nominative determinism, genetics, researchers Voracek, R...
why is all glass not safety glass?	for general use, cost. car windshield glass is laminated. it's actually two pieces of glass with a clear glue in the middle. it doesn't shatter into million pieces when it breaks. windshield glass also needs to be mostly distortion free. you'll note that windshields are bent, but when you look thru them, the i...	[ "Safety glass is glass with additional safety features that make it less likely to break, or less likely to pose a threat when broken. Common designs include toughened glass (also known as tempered glass), laminated glass, wire mesh glass (also known as wired glass) and engraved glass. Wire mesh glass was invented ...
why doesnt apple make computers specifically for video games?	There are a few things that limit apples gaming potential. 1) Apple OS is not supported by most games. So a lot of games, especially new games, won't work at all on a Mac. 2) Power vs. Quality - we can debate all day about the quality of a apple computer. What can be said is that dollar for dollar, a Mac is nothing ...	[ "Apple has at times attempted to market the platform for gaming. In 1996, they released a series of game-enabling APIs called Game Sprockets. In April 1999, Steve Jobs gave an interview with the UK-based \"Arcade\" magazine to promote the PowerPC G3-based computers Apple were selling with then new ATI Rage 128 grap...
Why do chefs wear those tall white hats?	The traditional chef's hat or a "toque blanches" was developed in 16th century France as a means of symbolising your status in the kitchen with chef's hats being the highest. The pleats in the hat were also a way of showing how experienced a chef was. Traditionally, the toques had a hundred pleats for senior chefs, som...	[ "In more traditional restaurants, especially traditional French restaurants, the white chef’s coat is standard and considered part of a traditional uniform and as a practical chef's garment. Most serious chefs wear white coats to signify the importance and high regard of their profession. The thick cotton cloth pro...
Does a power strip split up the power going to each device, or does it maintain the same power as plugging straight into the wall?	It simply distributes the wall power to more outlets. It may have a surge protector to avoid overload, or other type of protection (e.g., battery backup) - but beyond that, it is not 'splitting' anything. This makes logical sense -- everything you plug into it requires 110 AC (USA). If it was 'splitting the power' d...	[ "A power strip (also known as an extension block, power board, power bar, plug board, pivot plug, trailing gang, trailing socket, plug bar, trailer lead, multi-socket, multi-box, super plug, multiple socket, multiple outlet, polysocket and by many other variations) is a block of electrical sockets that attaches to ...
What do we know about childhoods of The Beatles' members?	To be sung to the tune of the [Crash Test Dummies' 'Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm'](_URL_0_): Oo-once there was this boy^1 who Grew up with his Aunt and never knew his Mum^2 And wh-ee-en she finally came back She got run over by a policeman^3 It really might explain why The kid could be soooooo meeeaaann^4 & nbsp; Mmm m...	[ "The Beatles appeared in Charly's life when he was thirteen. Having previously only been exposed to classical music and folk, he would describe the Beatles as \"classical music from Mars\". In high school he met Carlos Alberto \"Nito\" Mestre and the two fused their bands to give birth to Sui Generis.\n", "Beatle...
how does light move forever (in a hypothetical pure vacuum)? wouldn't that take infinite energy?	Newton's First Law: "An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force." Anything (light, planets, asteroids, spaceships) will move forever at a constant speed in a pure vacuum. It takes no energy at all to kee...	[ "Another objection by Olum and Everett is that even if Mallett's choice of spacetime were correct, the energy required to twist spacetime sufficiently would be huge, and that with lasers of the type in use today the ring would have to be much larger in circumference than the observable universe. At one point Mallet...
We often cite Rome as an example of a great empire. At Rome's height, what did Romans cite as an example of a great empire?	This is a really complicated question on one level, if we are to get too deep into the various ideological constructs that surrounded the Roman notion of an "Empire" was. But there is at least one polity that I can point to some direct attestations of as being described as vast and powerful (if not in all other respect...	[ "The Roman Empire reached its greatest geographical extent under Trajan (r. 98–117), who ruled a prosperous state that stretched from Armenia to the Atlantic. The Empire had large numbers of trained, supplied, and disciplined soldiers, as well as a comprehensive civil administration based in thriving cities with ef...
why are gas companies allowed to put of ethanol inside of gasoline to make it burn faster	Well, This is not so much on why they are allowed but more on how they can get gasoline to produce less polluting residue. > "Most of ethanol blending into U.S. motor gasoline occurs to meet the requirements of the 1990 Clean Air Act (RFG Fuel) and the Renewable Fuel Standard set forth in the Energy Independence an...	[ "Ethanol can be used in petrol engines as a replacement for gasoline; it can be mixed with gasoline to any percentage. Most existing car petrol engines can run on blends of up to 15% bioethanol with petroleum/gasoline. Ethanol has a smaller energy density than that of gasoline; this means it takes more fuel (volume...
Does the amount of dark energy in the universe change?	Yes, the density of dark energy is constant, which means that the total amount of dark energy is proportional to the size of the universe. Dark matter is very different, is works just like regular matter with respect to expansion; it's not affected. The above also means that conservation of energy doesn't hold in the...	[ "Dark energy is broadly similar to inflation and is thought to be causing the expansion of the present-day universe to accelerate. However, the energy scale of dark energy is much lower, 10 GeV, roughly 27 orders of magnitude less than the scale of inflation.\n", "Assuming that the standard model of cosmology is ...
What sort of electrical potential differences exist between objects in space?	One issue is that space is filled with plasma as well as gas. Plasma exhibits a phenomenon called screening, where a charged object attracts a layer of oppositely charged ions around it, called an electric double layer. At a certain distance (called the Debye length), there is zero net charge enclosed so it is said tha...	[ "Space contains regions with varying concentrations of charged particles such as the plasma sheet, and a static charge builds up as the spacecraft moves between these regions, or as the electrical potential varies within such a region.\n", "If an oscillating electrical current is applied to a conductive structure...
are there any "good" diseases that can make feel more strong, healthy or happy?	I'm not a doctor but i think a Disease is the negative affect of a bacteria or virus. We have hundreds -if not millions- of bacterias in our bodies that help us. So there are good bacteria that help us stay healthy.	[ "Research suggests that probing a patient's happiness is one of the most important things a doctor can do to predict that patient's health and longevity. In health-conscious modern societies, most people overlook the emotions as a vital component of one's health, while over focusing on diet and exercise. According ...
How do animals with fur and researchers in the arctic get vitamin D?	Animals with fur can still make Vitamin D via UV dependent pathways, it's just less efficient because the fur blocks some of the sunlight. Fish are excellent dietary sources of Vitamin D and much of the non-human arctic wildlife eats fish or other aquatic wildlife that is obtaining Vitamin D from the aquatic food chain...	[ "In birds and fur-bearing mammals, fur or feathers block UV rays from reaching the skin. Instead, vitamin D is created from oily secretions of the skin deposited onto the feathers or fur, and is obtained orally during grooming. However, some animals, such as the naked mole-rat, are naturally cholecalciferol-deficie...
What is the origin of the "International Jewish Conspiracy"? Have the rise of international banking families as Rothschilds fueled the belief that "Jews rule the World"?	The origins of the "international Jewish conspiracy" can be traced to the Middle Ages. The stereotype of Jews working with money has very real foundations in the ways in which Jews were generally forced to make their living in Medieval Europe. Jews were subject to a whole host of laws and decrees which limited the ways...	[ "Contemporary conspiracy theorists, who hew to theories centered on the Bilderberg Group and an alleged impending New World Order, often draw upon older concepts found in the Jewish-Masonic conspiracy theory, frequently blaming the Rothschild family or \"international bankers\". Because of the use of themes and tro...
What evidence is there that electrons literally orbit the nucleus?	They aren't, at least not in the same way the Earth orbits the Sun. It's taught as such because it's a comforting inaccuracy that still allows students of chemistry or physics to make many physically meaningful calculations without mucking about with the insanity that is quantum mechanics. Electrons are a smear of pr...	[ "Electrons in an atom are sometimes described as \"orbiting\" its nucleus, following an early conjecture of Niels Bohr (this is the source of the term \"orbital\"). However, electrons don't actually orbit nuclei in any meaningful sense, and quantum mechanics are necessary for any useful understanding of the electro...

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