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technological advances in jet fighters from the first generation to the fifth | The Wiki's article [isn't bad.](_URL_1_)
First generation: Initial use of turbojets, swept wings, full-flying tails.
Second generation: Supersonic speeds in level flight, first *practical* guided air-to-air missiles.
Third generation: All-weather capability, analog electronics, maneuverability enhancements like s... | [
"The first generation of jet fighters comprised the initial, subsonic jet fighter designs introduced late in World War II and in the early post-war period. They differed little from their piston-engined counterparts in appearance, and many employed unswept wings. Guns and cannon remained the principal armament. The... |
why did the romans steal the greek gods and rename them? | I'd suggest asking in /r/AskHistorians or /r/History to get a better answer, but the short answer is that there wasn't any stealing going on, because polytheists didn't think of it that way.
Take Ares and Mars (Greek and Roman gods of war).
Ares is seen as a manifestation of physical prowess in war. He has sons Fe... | [
"The Greek practice of grafting their gods' names onto the planets was almost certainly borrowed from the Babylonians. The Babylonians named Phosphoros after their goddess of love, \"Ishtar\"; Pyroeis after their god of war, \"Nergal\", Stilbon after their god of wisdom Nabu, and Phaethon after their chief god, \"M... |
what happens if a squirrel comes out of hibernation and can't find its nuts? | First, most squirrels don't hibernate. They're out all winter. So there's that.
Second, squirrels don't have any concept of property. They bury nuts. They find nuts. They eat nuts. They don't care who--or what--put the nuts there.
As with any animal, a squirrel which cannot find sufficient food with likely starve to... | [
"The species is diurnal and seldom descends to the ground; it spends the night in a nest it builds which is sometimes in a hole in a tree but more often is constructed of leaves and built in the fork of a branch close to the trunk. This squirrel is primarily a seed-eater, but also consumes fruits and some animal ma... |
Why does live spinach wilt if I haven't watered it for a couple of days, but it lasts for a week or longer in my fridge? | In the garden, all the enzymes, cells and bacteria require energy to go about there usual biological processes. Heat indirectly increases the energy that individual enzymes and cells have to do their processes, and therefore the rate at which it happens. Outside in the garden, they use water at a normal rate, and there... | [
"Sprouts are rinsed two to four times a day, depending on the climate and the type of seed, to provide them with moisture and prevent them from souring. Each seed has its own ideal sprouting time. After three to five days the sprouts will have grown to in length and will be suitable for consumption. If left longer ... |
why in most text editors font sizes increase by 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 | Those fonts translate to commonly used printer measures in the days before word processors.
Back when manual typesetting was the process required to build newsletters, they wanted a consistent size so they could more easily structure larger headlines into a standard "broadsheet" format. You wanted the total vertical... | [
"Having one single size will not meet everyone’s needs; therefore, it is important to find out which is a comfortable reading size for each individual. Research has demonstrated the positive impacts of providing enlarged font size for people with mild to moderate visual impairments, resulting in an increased readin... |
why is using the mouth to breathe during sleep bad? | It dries out your mouth (specifically your gums).
Healthy gums need to be hydrated most of the time. If you spend 8 hours a day with your mouth open, you lose a lot of that moisture.
Source: Was told last week at the dentist that I probably sleep with my mouth open because my gums aren't as healthy as they should b... | [
"Salivary flow rate is decreased during sleep, which may lead to a transient sensation of dry mouth upon waking. This disappears with eating or drinking or with oral hygiene. When associated with halitosis, this is sometimes termed \"morning breath\". Dry mouth is also a common sensation during periods of anxiety, ... |
Did Eastern European Jews really speak Slavic languages until the 17th century? | It's fairly unlikely that this was the case. There's a cadre of scholars in a few fields, Sand among them, who like to advocate ideosyncratic theories about the origin of Ashkenazi Jews. Harkavy did too, when those theories where first being developed.
While some scholars who advocate this are actual serious scholar... | [
"Old East Slavic or Old Russian was a language used during the 10th–15th centuries by East Slavs in Kievan Rus' and states which evolved after the collapse of Kievan Rus', from which later the Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian languages evolved.\n",
"Judging by the historical records, by approximately 1000 AD the... |
why do so many people use "literally" incorrectly? | I believe most people just use it for emphasis. Even though it's not necessary, saying "I'm so hungry I'm literally gonna die" is more effective at conveying the message than simply saying "Bro I'm hungry." | [
"A misnomer is a name that is incorrectly applied to a thing. Misnomers often arise because something was named long before its correct nature was known, or because an earlier form of something has been replaced by something to which the name no longer applies. A misnomer may also be simply a word that someone uses... |
Why can't we know the velocity and the position of subatomic particles at the same time? | It's not that we can't know them at the same time, it's that we can't know them to *arbitrarily high precision* at the same time. This is the uncertainty principle, which comes about because position and momentum (related to velocity) are non-commuting operators. One very loose way of thinking about this is to use the ... | [
"In classical mechanics, accurate measurements and predictions of the state of objects can be calculated, such as location and velocity. In the quantum mechanics, due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the complete state of a subatomic particle, such as its location and velocity, cannot be simultaneously dete... |
what are my chances of getting lyme from a tick bite and how bad is lyme in most people | The CDC states there are over 300,000 cases of Lyme a year. If caught early and given enough antibiotics, 30 to 60 days depending on symptoms, it is easy to cure. Testing for Lyme is very unreliable right now and you will not pull a positive test for weeks if ever. If you do not catch a case of Lyme soon enough and ... | [
"Though the primary bacterium responsible for Lyme disease, \"Borrelia burgdorferi\", has occasionally been isolated from lone star ticks, numerous vector competency tests have demonstrated that this tick is extremely unlikely to be capable of transmitting Lyme disease. Some evidence indicates \"A. americanum\" sal... |
from telephone wires to cell phone signals | Voice calls from a landline seem analogue and old, but behind the scenes they're all digital now. In the phone company's Central Office their hardware is converting your call into something compatible with, say, an office desk phone that uses a LAN port for its connection. Something like 20 to 50 customers might be on ... | [
"In 1878, the Bell Telephone Company began to use two-wire circuits (called the local loop) from each user's telephone to end offices which performed any necessary electrical switching to allow voice signals to be transmitted to more distant telephones.\n",
"A telephone line or telephone circuit (or just line or ... |
why do knots form when you jostle long string like things (headphone wires etc.)? | I read a white paper on this a while ago (yes physists have studied this). I may not be remembering exactly right. Long story short, there are certain basic knots that can form from a straight cord that crosses over itself. These can all be combined in any combination to make other knots. So there are pretty much an in... | [
"While the knot can become jammed in some modern materials, it is usually easily untied after moderate loads; it can be made more resistant to jamming by taking an extra turn around the object--this will make for a 1-diameter longer span of the end to reach around the standing part to be tucked (although in a case ... |
Is there any difference between changing the volume in my computer's settings, changing the volume from my headphones, and changing the volume within a Youtube video? | This is more of an ELI5 question, but yes, there is a difference. Lowering the volume on YouTube or your Windows sound settings effectively reduces the bit depth of the sound, which means you increase the noise floor. Reducing it on your headset is the cleaner option. | [
"Volume is adjusted by a wheel on the unit's right side, using a digital mechanism (it can be turned indefinitely). It also is possible to click or push the wheel, which pauses playback and turns the unit off after about one minute. When the unit is powered off and the wheel is pressed for a few seconds, playback r... |
what spoken languages have in common | Languages are composed of words and words are composed of component sounds called "phonemes". Each language has their own group of phonemes, some of which may perceptually overlap between languages and some which do not (clicking in some African dialects for example).
Stringing together phonemes which belong to a part... | [
"English is the largest language by number of speakers, and the third most-spoken native language in the world, after Standard Chinese and Spanish. It is the most widely learned second language and is either the official language or one of the official languages in almost 60 sovereign states. There are more people ... |
why are air conditioner temperature settings so inaccurate? | It is a combination of the fact that there is one single sensor point for your AC located at the controller point. If that happens to be set in a warmer place in the room (such as being nears something that produces heat like a computer or fridge) it will stay on longer till it reaches that temperature, and you as a hu... | [
"Air conditioners are one effective tool for removing moisture and heat from otherwise humid warm air. The coils of an air conditioner cause moisture in the air to condense on them, eventually losing this excess moisture through a drain and placing it back into the environment. They can also inhibit mildew growth b... |
how do microwaves not heat up plastic and ceramic dishes? | Microwaves excite water molecules and make them vibrate, there are no water molecules in plastic or ceramic. | [
"Microwave heating can be deliberately uneven by design. Some microwavable packages (notably pies) may include materials that contain ceramic or aluminium flakes, which are designed to absorb microwaves and heat up, which aids in baking or crust preparation by depositing more energy shallowly in these areas. Such c... |
What did JFK directly do other than the Cuban Missile Crises and Dying | His main economic policy was a major across the board tax cut and simplification of the tax code. This was a huge change, and one few people credit him for. He went after the mafia, he was the first US President to make organized crime fighting a major federal policy, which is ironic on one level because his father is ... | [
"JFK is a 1991 American political thriller film directed by Oliver Stone. It examines the events leading to the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy and alleged cover-up through the eyes of former New Orleans district attorney Jim Garrison (Kevin Costner). Garrison filed charges against New Orle... |
so...why does the skin behind our ears smell so strange even though water and shampoo regularly flow over this area? | Is this really a thing? I didn't know this was a thing.... My ears seem to smell fine. | [
"Irritation from cold wind and water exposure causes the bone surrounding the ear canal to develop lumps of new bony growth which constrict the ear canal. Where the ear canal is actually blocked by this condition, water and wax can become trapped and give rise to infection. The condition is so named due to its prev... |
; if an insanely loud sound lasted 1 billionth of a second, would we be able to hear it? | No, you wouldn't be able to hear it.
Sound is fast change in air pressure from positive to negative. Most humans can hear in a range of 20 to 20,000 Hz, or changes in air pressure per second. So if you were to hear a loud sound that lasted only 1 billionth of a second that wouldn't be long enough for the air pressure... | [
"In 1883, the eruption of the Indonesian volcano Krakatoa was heard at Rodrigues Island and it remains the furthest point at almost , at which the explosion was heard. The sound was described as \"the roar of heavy guns\". Naval ships were ordered to investigate as it was feared the sound was due to a ship in distr... |
what causes bioluminescence? also, do humans have any bioluminescence? | Typically, bioluminescence is a chemical reaction that creates energy in the form of light. Specifically, it is when luciferin is catalyzed by the luciferase enzyme. Some animals use this for communicating, so that they can find mates, lure prey or scare predators, but humans don't have any bioluminescence. However, we... | [
"Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria and terrestrial invertebrates such as fireflies. In... |
Was Operation Barbarossa intended to extend beyond the line of Moscow, Leningrad and Stalingrad into the rest of the Soviet Union? | The immediate plan for Barbarossa was to take and occupy up to an imaginary line between Arkhangelsk and Astrakhan. Exactly where this would fall was unclear. Sometimes this is also called the Volga line, as it was expected that the Volga would form the southern half of the line. Further operations... or a negotiated s... | [
"Operation \"Barbarossa\", the German invasion plan, called for the capture of Moscow within four months. On 22 June 1941, Axis forces invaded the Soviet Union, destroyed most of the Soviet Air Force on the ground, and advanced deep into Soviet territory using \"blitzkrieg\" tactics to destroy entire Soviet armies.... |
How does email work? | 1) Your mail client is configured to talk to an SMTP server. Let's say it's _URL_4_
2) You send an email to someone@_URL_5_.
3) Your computer opens a connection to _URL_4_, sending the email. You can see *roughly* what it sends by viewing the source of an email in your inbox. It'll say
To: yer_a_wizzard@your._URL_8_
... | [
"An email is sent to a FTPmail server with the command to be performed, inserted as the body of the message. The server then processes the request by logging on to the remote site, retrieving the file, encoding it, and returning the result via email.\n",
"Email is an important communications service available on ... |
why does milk turn into butter, but when you heat up butter it turns into oil? | Milk doesn't really turn into butter just because you heat it up. To make butter you have to separate the butterfat from the buttermilk. Traditionally, people did this by churning milk to agitate the fat particles out of solution. The fat that would rise to the top and join together would be turned into butter and what... | [
"Clarified butter is milk fat rendered from butter to separate the milk solids and water from the butterfat. Typically, it is produced by melting butter and allowing the components to separate by density. The water evaporates, some solids float to the surface and are skimmed off, and the remainder of the milk solid... |
why do popular posts on reddit quickly get thousands of votes, but then hundreds or thousands of votes just disappear over time? | The numbers you see for votes are mosly fuzzed to confuse bots. Welcome to reddit, the site where the points are made up and the people don't matter. | [
"However problems occurred at 15 polling stations where the system did not recognise voters pin numbers, which meant that traditional paper ballots had to be used in those polling stations. The issues meant the election nearly had to be voided, with the count only able to start over 3 hours after polls had closed.\... |
fruit juice concentrate | natural juice is dehydrated at point of packaging. it's rehydrated at point of distribution with local water. saves on transport of water. | [
"Juice is prepared by mechanically squeezing or macerating (sometimes referred to as cold pressed) fruit or vegetable flesh without the application of heat or solvents. For example, orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree, and tomato juice is the liquid that results from pressing the frui... |
Why doesn't the combined gravitational pull of every other object in the universe rip us apart? | Others have explained why you're wrong about the sum of forces, but the whole 'rip you apart' idea is also incorrect. Even if you floated in equilibrium between two suns close together, you wouldn't be ripped apart by their competing gravitational pulls.
This is because (except for small differences), every single par... | [
"The strength of the gravitational attraction between two objects represents the amount of gravitational energy in the field which attracts them towards each other. When they are infinitely far apart, the gravitational attraction and hence energy approach zero. As two such massive objects move towards each other, t... |
how universal tv remote apps work? | Many remotes work by emitting an infrared signal which the TV then picks up. A phone app simply needs to send the right IR signals to be treated just like a remote. | [
"On July 10, 2008, Apple released \"Remote\", a free iOS application that allows the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad to control the iTunes library on the Apple TV via Wi-Fi. The Apple Watch also has a remote app to control Apple TV.\n",
"There are several different apps on the various app stores that provide similar... |
Is a match flame hot enough to damage a diamond? | Experimental proof should not be difficult to do. ;) | [
"At room temperature, diamonds do not react with any chemical reagents including strong acids and bases. A diamond's surface can only be oxidized at temperatures above about in air. Diamond powder of an appropriate grain size (around 50 microns) burns with a shower of sparks after ignition from a flame. Consequentl... |
How common was domestic violence against women in medieval Europe? How about other historical eras? | Violence against one's wife was definitely socially frowned upon during the renaissance. Many 16th century books about marriage and/or those listing the duties of householders warn that having to beat your wife is a symptom that you have let things get way out of control. It doesn't make you look good to have to reso... | [
"Medieval Europe in the fourteenth century had already experienced widespread social violence, and even acts then punishable by death such as rape and murder were demonstrably far more common (especially relative to the population), compared to modern times.\n",
"At the local level, levels of violence were extrem... |
What did Pharaoh's wife call him? | It looks like you're making two points: it's weird that a shortened name would be another word, and it's weird that the name is so long and unpronounceable. The answer to both? It's not that weird.
This recent [thread](_URL_0_) is somewhat relevant to the first question. It's kind of a mess cause there's no real answe... | [
"Pharaoh (, ; \"Pǝrro\") is the common title of the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BCE) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the actual term \"Pharaoh\" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until Merneptah, c. 1200 BCE. In the early dynasty, ancient ... |
why is the scroll lock key still included on modern keyboards? | Habit mostly. They have asked the manufacturers, and they just said that it's a legacy function that doesn't cost any more to leave in, so why not | [
"The key was meant to lock all scrolling techniques, and is a vestige of the original IBM PC keyboard. In the original design, was intended to modify the behavior of the arrow keys. When the mode was on, the arrow keys would scroll the contents of a text window instead of moving the cursor. In this usage, is a togg... |
Did Tibet really have a feudal system of slavery? | I've answered this before along with a couple other posters in [this thread](_URL_0_) in what's probably way too much detail.
I'll post a short answer here for future reference:
Your question has some strict asterisks.
Tibetan society pre-1950 was not "feudal" nor did it contain "slavery" in the sense that we are... | [
"An ancient form of slavery preceding the development of the feudal system, was still extant in a small number of manors in old Tibet (prior to 1959): the \"nanggzan\" manors (\"nanggzan\" meaning \"family slave\" in Tibetan). In these, according to Chinese sociologist Liu Zhong, \"exploitation was not through land... |
why are some medications in lower dosage available without prescription but in higher require one? for example ibuprofen. | Ok, before this completely derails with bs answers, real talk:
There is no difference between 4 200 mg tabs and 1 800 mg tab. The only difference is the perceived benefit, and a placebo effect. There are a number of trials that prove this. There is no difference in rate of absorption or the effectiveness or length... ... | [
"Over-the-counter drugs, like acetaminophen, aspirin, or NSAIDs(ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketoprofen), can be effective but tend to only be helpful as a treatment for a few times in a week at most. For those with gastrointestinal problems (ulcers and bleeding) acetaminophen is the better choice over aspirin, however bot... |
if our "inner voice" sounds different to us than our "outer voice" sounds to other people, how can singers hold a pitch without being slightly off? | Our voice sounds different in terms of *timbre*, but not in terms of *pitch*. Timbre is the "character" of a sound: a trumpet and a violin have a different timbre. Even if they play the same note, we can tell them apart. Pitch is what note is being played or sung.
Singers don't have to match the correct timbre, they h... | [
"The sound of each individual's singing voice is entirely unique not only because of the actual shape and size of an individual's vocal cords but also due to the size and shape of the rest of that person's body. Humans have vocal folds which can loosen, tighten, or change their thickness, and over which breath can ... |
Have any precolumbian artifacts from South American, ever been found in North America? Or vice versa? | This is covered in the [FAQ](_URL_0_), while not quite 100% undoubtably South American, it's pretty much a fact that the metal came from South America at some point | [
"More than 1,000 carved and painted wooden objects, including masks, tablets, plaques and effigies, were excavated in 1896 at Key Marco, in southwestern Florida. They have been described as some of the finest prehistoric Native American art in North America. The objects are not well dated, but may belong to the fir... |
Why does beta adrenergic stimulation result in insulin secretion? | Insulin acts to increase the uptake and utilisation of glucose into the skeletal muscles, thus providing fuel for the increased work the muscles have to do during a sympathetic response.
The same nervous stimulation also stimulates the formation of glucose in the liver, and the corresponding insulin release helps get ... | [
"Insulin secretagogues, such as sulfonylureas, trigger insulin release by direct action on the K channel of the pancreatic beta cells. Blockage of this channel leads to depolarization and secretion of vesicles.\n",
"The Ca that is released then initiates a signal cascade, resulting in the secretion of insulin. A ... |
How does our stomach acid build up or even made? Surely HCl when we're developing would be very damaging. | Your stomach is lined with mucus which the Hydrochloric acid does not react with. the reason you get heartburn is that, for some reason, stomach acid has gone up your Oesophagus and is burning part of you that isn't protected.
Hydrogen ions and Chloride ions are transported into your stomach by parietal cells | [
"Gastric acid is produced by cells in the lining of the stomach, which are coupled in feedback systems to increase acid production when needed. Other cells in the stomach produce bicarbonate, a base, to buffer the fluid, ensuring that it does not become too acidic. These cells also produce mucus, which forms a visc... |
what makes alcohol/drug addicts look older? | Mostly the constant state of dehydration. Plus your body is working overtime trying to process alcohol and flavorings while having no basic nutrition to function with. | [
"It is believed that the impact of alcohol on aging can be partly explained by alcohol's activation of the HPA axis, which stimulates glucocorticoid secretion, long-term exposure to which produces symptoms of aging.\n",
"In the elderly, alcohol and benzodiazepines are the most commonly abused substances, and the ... |
Small scale magnetohydrodynamic propulsion. | I've actually built one for a science fair before.
I used _URL_0_ as a reference guide:
_URL_1_
_URL_2_
It worked, but know going in that you will not get a huge amount thrust. Your setup would probably do better, but it will still most likely not be a lot.
What I ended up doing that had a more striking visual ef... | [
"A magnetohydrodynamic accelerator is an MHD converter that imparts motion to an electrically conductive fluid initially at rest, using cross electric current and magnetic field both applied within the fluid. MHD propulsion has been mostly tested with models of ships and submarines in seawater. Studies are also ong... |
Is there any evidence of ancient cultures referring to, what they would have classified as, ancient cultures? | I think "ancient cultures" is a difficult concept in this context, but perhaps something like this is what you are looking for?
> It would seem, too, that the Egyptians were the first people to establish solemn assemblies, and processions, and services; the Greeks learned all that from them. I consider this proved, ... | [
"BULLET::::- Literary traditions of subsequent civilizations: Especially the Hellenic; such as, for example, those embodied in the Homeric poems, the legends concerning Crete, Mycenae, etc.; statements as to the origin of gods, cults and so forth, transmitted to us by Hellenic antiquarians such as Strabo, Pausanias... |
why doesn't or why can't youtube normalize decibels? | A) extra processing on their end for each video, which would add up to quite a lot, for a feature they don't necessarily want.
B) robs the uploader of stylistic choices ( a muted video or a loud video)
C) would completely wreck some types of videos. For example, for a video that is mostly quiet then has a loud jumps... | [
"In 2014, the music video for PSY's Gangnam Style received so many views on YouTube that it breached the maximum possible viewership number within a signed 32-bit integer. YouTube subsequently amended the maximum count to a 64-bit integer.\n",
"On December 1, 2014, the YouTube video garnered over 2 − 1 views, ove... |
how do we know which way is north,south,east and west in space? | There is no north, south, east and west in space. As these directions are defined by earths magnetic field, which is missing in space. | [
"Reasonably accurate folk astronomy, such as is usually attributed to Stone Age peoples or later Celts, would arrive at east and west by noting the directions of rising and setting (preferably more than once each) and choosing as prime direction one of the two mutually opposite directions that lie halfway between t... |
why is sampling other peoples music allowed, but having similar jokes wrong? | Sampling - at its best anyway - results in a recognisably new creative work.
In music it's taking an *actual* part of an *actual* recording and re-using it as a component in your own work.
Your analogy with comedy might be better applied to "cover versions". E.g. Denis Leary's covers of Bill Hicks' material which we... | [
"Regarding the state of music sampling, Deborah has always considered it an art, \"I think sampling is an art and I think it’s incredible. When I first started, I was told how it was theft. I was told that hip-hop and rap was a phase. That it wasn’t going to be around. All of that horrible, negative stuff. I kept s... |
How do we come about the pronunciation of the names of characters from Ancient Egypt like Rameses or Khufu, given hieroglyphs aren't phonetic? | Hieroglyphs ARE phonetic, but with one omission that I'll get to later.
Jean-François Champollion in his "Letter to M. Dacier concerning the alphabet of the phonetic hieroglyphs" wrote
> It is a complex system, writing figurative, symbolic, and phonetic all at once, in the same text, the same phrase, I would almost ... | [
"Hieroglyphs were employed in three ways in Ancient Egyptian texts: as logograms (ideograms) that represent a word denoting an object pictorially depicted by the hieroglyph; more commonly as phonograms writing a sound or sequence of sounds; and as determinatives (which provide clues to meaning without directly writ... |
if scientists have created anti-matter on earth...where do they keep it to stop it colliding with matter. | They use magnetic fields to keep it away from normal matter.
_URL_0_ | [
"Almost all matter observable from the Earth seems to be made of matter rather than antimatter. If antimatter-dominated regions of space existed, the gamma rays produced in annihilation reactions along the boundary between matter and antimatter regions would be detectable.\n",
"When matter and antimatter come int... |
Has anyone ever transplanted the organs of one animal into another, non-human animal? | I haven't heard of animal to animal (different species) transplants, but I know that between 1930-1950, the first transplants were heart transplants from dog to dog by US surgeon Norman Shumway. He was expected to carry out the first human heart transplant but it was carried out by Christiaan Barnard in 1967 who studie... | [
"Human organs have been transplanted into animals as a powerful research technique for studying human biology without harming human patients. This technique has also been proposed as an alternative source of human organs for future transplantation into human patients. For example, researchers from the Ganogen Resea... |
Why did the US allow the Japanese to keep Wake Island throughout the Second World War? | Because there were more useful locations that were taken instead.
Wake was most important for keeping the Hawaii Philippines route open, as well as scouting the Marshall Islands to the South. With the fall of the Philippines the Allies shifted the strategic focus South first to defend Australia, and then to the Solom... | [
"On December 11, 1941, Wake Island was the site of the Empire of Japan's first unsuccessful attack on American forces in the Battle of Wake Island when U.S. Marines, with some US Navy personnel and civilians on the island repelled an attempted Japanese invasion, sinking two enemy destroyers and a transport. The isl... |
What are the historical and social causes for the left wing in the USA for not really existing? (Mainstream politics) | Is this the wrong place to ask this? | [
"The history of left-wing politics in the United States consists of a broad range of individuals and groups that have sought fundamental egalitarian changes. Left-wing activists in the United States have been credited with advancing social change on issues such as labor and civil rights, as well as providing critiq... |
Was sinking the Bismark a major priority for the Royal Navy? If so, was it driven by the emotions of losing the HMS Hood or was it strategically necessary? | While there is certainly more that can be said, my answer [here](_URL_0_) might answer some of your questions on the topic. | [
"The destruction of \"Hood\" spurred a relentless pursuit by the Royal Navy involving dozens of warships. Two days later, heading for occupied France to effect repairs, \"Bismarck\" was attacked by 16 obsolescent Fairey Swordfish biplane torpedo bombers from the aircraft carrier ; one scored a hit that rendered the... |
When/why did dentists and optometrists come to be considered separate professions from "doctor," and not a sub-specialty like cardiologist or neurologist? | Hard and fast divisions between kinds of healthcare practitioners are cemented by the contemporary institutions for training, registering and regulating these practitioners. Before these institutions (especially their modern form, which tends to have arisen through the 19th century) there would have been *de facto* div... | [
"Some professions were able to advance up the professional and social scale. At the beginning of the 18th century, doctors were members of the same professional corporation as barbers, and required no special training. In 1731, they established the first Society of Surgeons, and in 1743, a university medical degree... |
How did Jesus become white? | I've considered the [portrayal of Jesus as white in the Middle Ages](_URL_0_), in the context of "proto-racial" ideas, in an earlier answer, if you're interested. | [
"Although not literally the face of Jesus, the result of the study determined that Jesus's skin would have been more olive-colored than white, and that he would have most likely looked like a typical Galilean Semite of his day. Among the points made was that the Bible records that Jesus's disciple Judas had to poin... |
why are some people afraid of a.i. if there are already any kind of machine learning algorithms? | The "step" is called The Singularity.
The Singularity, basically, is the point where computers become so adept at learning, that they can create other computers smarter than themselves, and so on and so on. Eventually, with an effectively limitless potential for advancement, we cannot reasonably assume that Skynet (b... | [
"These algorithms proved to be insufficient for solving large reasoning problems, because they experienced a \"combinatorial explosion\": they became exponentially slower as the problems grew larger. In fact, even humans rarely use the step-by-step deduction that early AI research was able to model. They solve most... |
what's happening when a commercial plays for a second or two before skipping to the next one? | The local cable companies are given windows where they can show their own advertising (Advertising specifically meant for that locality, not necessarily that the company is a local company). If the cut wasn't clean, that means the local cable company blew it. | [
"The time limit for each advertisement pop-ups only last 7 seconds. However, if allowing the advertisement to end without getting rid of it in quicker time by the player's own, the player has an occasion chance of having one of the animatronics to attack for ending their night or delivering higher risk.\n",
"When... |
why does the word 'cool' remain cool for so long, and yet words like 'groovy' and 'rad' seem out of date in just a couple of decades? | Cool is more than just a word for something good. It does mean that, but it has other related uses.
It can refer to a "cool head" which is someone who doesn't get worked up about things, as opposed to a hothead.
This calm demeanor is frequently interpreted by onlookers as confidence or surity, which are generally des... | [
"Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired. Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning. It has associations of composure and self-control (cf. the OED definition) and oft... |
why did the paris/brussels attacks get such high exposure, but today's bombing that has left at least 78 dead in syria receive little media coverage? | Paris - Capital City of a First World Country, also known as the City of Lights, a premier tourist destination.
Brussels - Capital City of a First World Country, also HQ of the EU
Compare those places to... Syria. A god forsaken hell hole in a god forsaken region that most people probably can't pinpoint on a map. | [
"Before the bombings, several Islamist terrorist attacks had originated from Belgium, and a number of counter-terrorist operations had been carried out there. Between 2014 and 2015, the number of wiretapping and surveillance operations directed at suspected terrorists by Belgian intelligence almost doubled. In May ... |
why do some foods cause such horrible pain when going through the intestines/stomach? | Intestinal irritant. The peristaltic action goes on overdrive. That doesn't feel good. I'm a dood, but imagine menstrual cramps being a similar feeling. | [
"BULLET::::- Incomplete digestion of food can lead to excess gas in the intestine. In humans, this can be due to incomplete digestion of carbohydrate-containing foods, including milk and other dairy products (lactose intolerance or the use of α-glucosidase inhibitors by diabetics), gluten (protein in wheat, barley,... |
why does almost every online game crash and burn during launch week? does no one learn to properly prepare after all the high profile blunders? | Even well-established games with millions of players like WoW have times where their servers can't handle the traffic when it spikes (like release of an expansion). At release you might have 100,000+ concurrent users, but that's a short peak before it drops back to "normal" levels. Planning your hardware based on that ... | [
"Crash to desktop bugs are considered particularly problematic for users. Since they frequently display no error message, it can be very difficult to track down the source of the problem, especially if the times they occur and the actions taking place right before the crash do not appear to have any pattern or comm... |
why can you starve yourself of oxygen for several minutes under water, but starving yourself of oxygen via a choke hold makes you pass out after a few seconds? | When you take a deep breath and hold it for several minutes your blood still has oxygen floating around in it more or less, but for the other you're stopping flow completely.
By stopping the flow of blood to the brain you're preventing any oxygen that may or may not be in it from reaching the brain and as such it run... | [
"If not enough oxygen is added, the concentration of oxygen in the loop may be too low to support life. In humans, the urge to breathe is normally caused by a build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood, rather than lack of oxygen. Hypoxia can cause blackout with little or no warning, followed by death.\n",
"It may a... |
so many people hate waking up early, why do most office jobs require an early start time? | It coincides with when the majority of people are awake, so it's more efficient that way from a productivity standpoint. In general jobs don't factor in your preferences. In fact, they give you compensation so that you will do the things you don't prefer.
There are a lot of freelance jobs that allow you to make your... | [
"Waking up early is a productivity method rising early and consistently so as to be able to accomplish more during the day. This method has been recommended since antiquity and is now recommended by a number of personal development gurus. The philosopher Aristotle said, \"It is well to be up before daybreak, for su... |
do animals get “bored” in the same way that humans do? | Yes. People who are bored easily and aren't given anything to do will often either get depressed or get into trouble. Animals are similar - while it may be harder to tell when an animal is depressed on the outside, we can measure their health, and measure an increase in aggressive behavior. Animals that have more thing... | [
"It is common for animals (even those like hummingbirds that have high energy needs) to forage for food until satiated, and then spend most of their time doing nothing, or at least nothing in particular. They seek to \"satisfice\" their needs rather than obtaining an optimal diet or habitat. Even diurnal animals, w... |
is there a point at which something is so small that it doesn't emit sound? (e.g. a cell, dna) | Sound is just vibration. Even something small like a cell's processes are not 100% efficient when it comes to doing its thing, and so energy is 'lost' in the form of vibrations. I suspect that if you had ears that were sensitive enough to pick up these vibrations, you'd find it quite noisy down there. | [
"The stimulus modality for hearing is sound. Sound is created through changes in the pressure of the air. As an object vibrates, it compresses the surrounding molecules of air as it moves towards a given point and expands the molecules as it moves away from the point. Periodicity in sound waves is measured in hertz... |
why does one testicle hang lower than the other? | Take a good hard look at a Newtons Cradle. | [
"Males have two testicles of similar size contained within the scrotum, which is an extension of the abdominal wall. Scrotal asymmetry is not unusual: one testicle extends farther down into the scrotum than the other due to differences in the anatomy of the vasculature.\n",
"Because the testes are located within ... |
how are proper nouns 'coined' in sign languages? | I had a deaf friend in grade 2, she used to just spell out names in sign language. Or, if you were close to her she would have a nickname sign for you. One I remember was the letter sign for C while brushing your hair behind your ear- for her sister who's name started with a C and who had long hair. | [
"Saussure realized that if linguistics was going to be an actual science, language could not be a mere nomenclature; for otherwise it would be little more than a fashionable version of lexicology, constructing lists of the definitions of words. Thus he argued that the sign is ultimately determined by the other sign... |
Are there waves so big that we're oblivious to their existence? | Firstly, I can't think of a physical process that would create a photon with such a low energy. The universe is too young for photons to get redshifted that much and a lot of photon-emitting processes are much more energetic.
But let's assume that such a photon exists. This photon would have an energy of E = hc/λ wher... | [
"However, neither the posited reality nor the proven and extraordinary accuracy of the wave function and quantum mechanics at small scales can imply or reasonably suggest the existence of a single wave function for the entire universe. Quantum mechanics breaks down wherever gravity becomes significant, because noth... |
Stars in the Sky? | As many as a person would have the patience to count in an evening. A good view of the Milky Way alone would likely offer several thousand stars for your counting pleasure.
I think there is something like over 9,000 stars with a magnitude bright enough to be reasonably seen by the naked eye. Different times of year wi... | [
"The Brightest Star in the Sky () is a 2019 Chinese webs series starring Huang Zitao and Janice Wu. It is a coming-of-age story featuring love, friendship and music, set in the backdrop of the musical industry. It aired on Tencent, iQiyi and Youku from March 25 to May 6, 2019.\n",
"A star is an astronomical objec... |
why is every program not multi-platform when programming languages are? | Because there are details of how the programs written for all the various OSs work. Say you're writing a windows program. You're not going to write every last bit of code for it, you're going to use various windows APIs to access the file system, draw things in the windowing system, access the graphics system using D... | [
"Oddly, the differences between any two programming languages on a single platform was almost as great. Each language had its own format for passing parameters into procedure calls, the file formats that they generated were often quite different. In general terms, it was not always possible to write different porti... |
Wiping up some spilled Super Glue with a square of toilet tissue today, the tissue started smoking in my hand. What's going on here? | Do not use superglue on or in any natural fibers if at all possible: paper, cotton, wool, etc. Your super glue is most likely [cyanoacrylate](_URL_0_), a monomer that starts polymerizing on contact with water or another nucleophile. Generally it will get this water from the natural humidity in the air and that is eno... | [
"Anwander used tissues to remove the ink from the pages of an art magazine which purported to be the world's leading art magazine, leaving only the blank magazine and the ink from the pages on the tissues.\n",
"Toilet paper, sometimes called toilet tissue in Britain, is a tissue paper product primarily used to cl... |
If I take a photo out of focus, could I take a picture of the blurry photo in a different focus to give it clarity? | On normal cameras? No. The film or sensors in standard film or digital cameras simply records what light is on them. The recording medium needs to be at precisely the correct distance from the focal point of the camera lens, or else the picture will be out of focus. To focus the picture, we move the lenses towards and ... | [
"Another way to view it is to focus on a point in front of the images i.e. make \"cross eyes\" and force the images to snap together having your left eye focused on the right image and your right eye focused on the left image.\n",
"Photographs taken with this technique are characterized by blurred streaks emanati... |
if we as humans exhale co2, why do some fires like campfires burn more after we blow on them? | Two things. First, we don't only exxhale CO2. Each breath is about 4-5% CO2. So blowing on the fire does send some oxygen than way directly. Blowing also clears out the dead air in the fire (CO2 being heavier) allowing normal air to replace it. | [
"Smoke and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere when forests are burned to create palm oil plantations. The fires are not easy to put out in remote areas and it affects both animal life and human populations.\n",
"Smoke from wildfires can cause health problems, especially for children and those who alr... |
What was the state of the Achaemenid Empire on the eve of Alexander's conquest? | To answer your question directly the Achaemenid Empire was not "rotten", but there were certainly mitigating factors that made Alexander's conquest easier than it might otherwise have been. Some of that is a consequence of when he invaded and some of it is a consequence of the nature of the Achaemenid Empire.
To start... | [
"Alexander's Empire fragmented after his death, and Arachosia came under control of the Seleucid Empire, which traded it to the Mauryan dynasty of India in 305 BC. After the fall of the Mauryans, the region fell to their Greco-Bactrian allies in 180 BC, before breaking away and becoming part of the Indo-Greek Kingd... |
How did the Romance languages come to pick up so much Latin vocabulary? | Yes, as /u/telkanuru rightly notes, it seems your question has some misunderstandings about Romance languages. These are all linguistic descendants of Latin. They didn't borrow vocabulary *from* Latin, they are Latin's daughters.
In the Eastern half of the Roman Empire, Koine Greek was a widespread dominant language. ... | [
"Romance languages are the continuation of Vulgar Latin, the popular and colloquial sociolect of Latin spoken by soldiers, settlers, and merchants of the Roman Empire, as distinguished from the classical form of the language spoken by the Roman upper classes, the form in which the language was generally written. Be... |
if according to the big bang, everything started at a single point, how is it that some parts of our universe aren't visible to us? | Space itself is expanding. Imagine you're on a train, and you're walking through it. While you do so, cars are being added to the train in front of you.
Let's take the analogy further. Between any car, a new train car is added. So between two cars, you add one. Now you have 3 cars, and two links between them where you... | [
"The observable universe is one \"causal patch\" of a much larger unobservable universe; other parts of the Universe cannot communicate with Earth yet. These parts of the Universe are outside our current cosmological horizon. In the standard hot big bang model, without inflation, the cosmological horizon moves out,... |
difference between solar panel and solar cell | A solar cell is a single unit that converts sunlight into electricity. A solar panel is a sheet of one or more solar cells laid out and attached together in order to be installed on a roof or other structure. | [
"PV solar systems exist in many different configurations with regard to their relationship to inverter systems, external grids, battery banks, or other electrical loads. Regardless of the ultimate destination of the solar power, though, the central problem addressed by MPPT is that the efficiency of power transfer ... |
Did Germany pose an existential threat to the United States in 1917? | No? Yes? No.
This all depends on what you mean by an Existential threat. Did Germany have the power, at any point, to seriously threaten American sovereignty, territorial integrity, or basic society? No.
Did Germany have the power to create a hegemonic state in Europe which would either alienate or destroy American... | [
"World War I, in which the United States and its allies fought - among other Central Powers - the German Empire, raised concern about the German threat to the United States. The Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 were passed in response.\n",
"The United States government also feared the consequenc... |
our eyes are basically little water balloons, so how come eye injuries and missing eyeballs aren't more common? | Go smack your eye on a flat surface, then report back to me. Not the corner of a desk, or anything else. Go try to smack your eye on the sidewalk. | [
"Flicking sand, flying pieces of wood, metal, glass and stone are notorious for causing much of the eye trauma. Sporting balls such as cricket ball, lawn tennis ball, squash ball, shuttlecock, and other high speed flying objects can strike the eye. The eye is also susceptible to blunt trauma in a fistfight. Childre... |
How did soldiers with two handed weapons defend against missiles, like Javelines or Arrows? | This is a pretty short answer unfortunately as you hit it on the head. There's a reason that when shields began to fall out in favor armor inversely began to become far better as a whole. Knights and men at arms would almost wholly discard their shields or use significantly smaller ones like bucklers by the 14th centur... | [
"In battles, spears were used as missiles and as thrusting weapons during hand-to-hand combat. In most cases, it is not possible to identify for which of these two purposes a spear was specifically designed for. An exception is \"angons\", or barbed spears, which were used as missiles. Once the spearhead had penetr... |
What was the early history of the contemporary debate on euthanasia? | I think an important item to consider is that the modern euthanasia debate has risen greatly with the rise of modern medicine. We have the ability to keep people alive in ever-more fragile and weak states than we did before. In order to debate "pulling the plug," you first must have a plug to pull. | [
"Since the 19th century, euthanasia has sparked intermittent debates and activism in Europe and the Americas. According to medical historian Ezekiel Emanuel, it was the availability of anesthesia that ushered in the modern era of euthanasia. In 1828, the first known anti-euthanasia law in the United States was pass... |
How did organisms evolve skeletons? | The exoskeleton that we know from arthropods (insects, spiders, crabs,..) are analog from the internal skeletons / endoskeletons we know from birds/mammals/... . Meaning they have a different origin an evolved seperately.
Is you think about the "appearance" of the first bones, don´t imagine them like the bone from a c... | [
"However, our dependence on fossilized skeletons also significantly limits our understanding of evolution. Only the parts of organisms that were already mineralized are usually preserved, such as the shells of molluscs. It helps that exoskeletons often contain \"muscle scars\", marks where muscles have been attache... |
When Eratosthenes was calculating the size of the earth in 240 BCE, what physical medium was he making his notes and calculations on and how would it have looked? What would the layout of numbers look like? Also, how was the information disseminated - just word of mouth? | I think you'd need to ask Eratosthenes in what medium his calculations were performed, and he's unlikely to answer. That sort of information is not preserved, although we know that some of his (now fragmentary) works laid out much of the scientific and mathematical reasoning of various projects. Sand was a common mediu... | [
"Eratosthenes, a Greek astronomer from Hellenistic Cyrenaica (276–194 BC), estimated Earth's circumference around 240 BC. He had heard that in Syene the Sun was directly overhead at the summer solstice whereas in Alexandria it still cast a shadow. Using the differing angles the shadows made as the basis of his trig... |
Do today's tonic waters contain enough quinine to still be effective against malaria? | > In the United States, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits the quinine content in tonic water to 83 ppm[3] (83 mg per liter if calculated by mass), while the daily therapeutic dose of quinine is in the range of 500–1000 mg,[4] and 10 mg/kg every eight hours for effective malaria prevention (2100 mg daily... | [
"Quinine was also the first drug used for treatment of malaria. Quinine was used as a muscle relaxant by the Quechua, who are indigenous to Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, to halt shivering due to low temperatures. The Quechuas would mix the ground bark of cinchona trees with sweetened water to offset the bark's bitter ... |
why is it that we study better when we write as opposed to typing? | Anything that slows you down and makes you spend more time focusing your mind on the material may help you remember it later. | [
"According to James Kulik, who studies the effectiveness of computers used for instruction, students usually learn more in less time when receiving computer-based instruction and they like classes more and develop more positive attitudes toward computers in computer-based classes. Students can independently solve p... |
What did pirates do with slave ships back in the day? | Depended on their mood.
Sometimes they would simply toss the "cargo" overboard, however this was rare.
Most of the time, they would simply take the gold, maps, food, and any other valuables and leave the slaves if they were too far out to sea to feed the slaves. Sometimes they would take the slaves and sell them the... | [
"The captives were not the only ones who were mistreated on slave ships, as Rediker points out the lash \"operated without regard to race, age, gender, law, or humanity. Many of the sailors were beaten mercilessly when they would refuse to beat the slaves as harshly as the captain wanted or at all. A sailor could m... |
How far on the microscopic level are we able to see?
Is there a real image/photo of an atom? | It is impossible to "see" an atom because the wavelength of visible light is far longer than the diameter of an atom.
Visible light goes from 4 * 10^-7 m to 7 * 10^-7 m and an atom is in the order of magnitude of 10^-10.
What we do to work around that issue is, we use particles with shorter wavelengths, like elect... | [
"Atomic dimensions are thousands of times smaller than the wavelengths of light (400–700 nm) so they cannot be viewed using an optical microscope. However, individual atoms can be observed using a scanning tunneling microscope. To visualize the minuteness of the atom, consider that a typical human hair is about 1 m... |
why is there often such a drastic difference between book and film? | Lots of reasons, one of the major ones being time limits. Another is that much of a book goes into describing what is going on so that you can form a substantial mental image. When an image is presented to you, it is easy to look over details and stick with more prominent ones. Many scenes in books are interesting on p... | [
"Irvine commented that because cinema and books are different media, the best way of resolving this problem was and is for filmmakers to concentrate on the main strength of cinema, namely its visuality, as cinema can depict what the books can only ask the reader to imagine. A recurring image in Austen films is that... |
what is happening to the asian stock market right now? | In the last year, China's main stock market rose about 150%. This was from many ordinary citizens were investing for the first time. To the tune of over 40 million new accounts from June 2014, to July 2015.
Many of those people were taking out loans to buy stocks. This used to be restricted, but recently regulatio... | [
"The 2015–16 stock market selloff was the period of decline in the value of stock prices globally that occurred between June 2015 to June 2016. It included the 2015–16 Chinese stock market turbulence, in which the SSE Composite Index fell 43% in just over 2 months between June 2015 and August 2015, which culminated... |
What did ancient cultures think of sleep paralysis? | The prevailing theory is that stories of demonic possession and attack arose at least in part from the experiences of people suffering from sleep paralysis. That is, ancient peoples took the experience at face value. The word nightmares comes from the monstrous horses that would lay on people's chests at night preventi... | [
"Research has found that sleep paralysis is associated with great fear and fear of impending death in 50% of sufferers in Egypt. A study comparing rates and characteristics of sleep paralysis in Egypt and Denmark found that the phenomenon is three times more common in Egypt versus Denmark. In Denmark, unlike Egypt,... |
What were the causes of Russia's failure to create a self sustaining operation in Alaska? | In short, **a lack of investment, poor transportation and little support.**
Russian America was operated under monopoly by the Russian-American Company under imperial charter, and while the imperial government took occasional interest in the territory, the shareholders and the board of directors were allowed to work m... | [
"Early in the war, Russia invades and occupies Alaska, using the expanded operations of the European Union as an excuse. The invasion is personally led by President Nicholai Vladekov, an ex-general and former Soviet hardliner, who claims that Alaska was never really part of the United States, and that Russia is mer... |
Is there a theoretical limit to how much computation can be done in a certain volume of space per unit of time? Why does the universe seem to be able to do calculations instantaneously? | There's the [Bekenstein bound](_URL_1_), for one. This limits how much information you can store in a given volume of space (or so I think).
It led me to [this interesting wiki article](_URL_2_) that talks precisely about your question, and apparently there's another thing called the [Bremermann Limit](_URL_0_) that i... | [
"There has recently been proposed a limit on the computational power of the universe, i.e. the ability of Laplace's demon to process an infinite amount of information. The limit is based on the maximum entropy of the universe, the speed of light, and the minimum amount of time taken to move information across the P... |
whats the difference between the energy we get from carbohydrates, caffeine and having a great cardio? | You don't get energy from caffeine. Caffeine makes you feel more alert because it competes with adenosine for its receptors in your brain. Adenosine is one of the chemicals which make you feel sleepy. In short, caffeine doesn't replace energy, it just numbs you to the sensation of not having any.
I'm not sure what you... | [
"Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in organisms for metabolism. They are an important source of fuel in exercise. A study conducted by the Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Human Health at Massey University investigated the effect of consuming a carbohydrate and electrolyte solution on muscle glycogen use... |
how is playing roulette and having a 50% of doubling your money is not the best odds at a casino? | Roulette isn't 50/50, there is also a green '0' and sometimes '00' on the wheel, which are always 'house wins'. Your odds aren't far off 50/50, but stats say that the house will always win in prolonged play | [
"In professional gambling, even money bets typically do not have odds that are indeed 50–50. Therefore, successful gamblers have to examine any bets they make in light of the odds really being even money. For example, in roulette, betting on red or black is an even money bet. However, the presence of the green 0 an... |
How does a species evolve to have a different number of chromosomes? Wouldn't the first individual with that mutation be unable to mate with any other individuals, and so the mutation would instantly die off? | The first thing is that producing offspring is not the problem. Instead the problem is that offspring could be infertile. Evolutionarily, that amounts to the same thing, but the mechanism is different. Nothing prevents fertilization, it's the production of sperm and eggs in mixed offspring that might be problematic.
S... | [
"Changes in chromosome number may involve even larger mutations, where segments of the DNA within chromosomes break and then rearrange. For example, in the Homininae, two chromosomes fused to produce human chromosome 2; this fusion did not occur in the lineage of the other apes, and they retain these separate chrom... |
how does 100mg of drugs stay in me for 14 straight days? | It doesn't work like that.
The drug kills the live, adult parasite, and then within a day or so the drug is gone from your system (along with the parasites).
However the parasite eggs (if any are present) aren't killed by the drug, and they will hatch in about 10 days time, so after 14 days you take another dose to k... | [
"The action of one single dose is much longer (6 to 8 hr) than the very short 1.2–2 hr half-life of the drug would indicate. This could be partly because it persists for over 11 hours in synovial fluids.\n",
"On April 13, 2016 it was reported that WADA had issued updated guidelines allowing less than 1 microgram ... |
why do we so often feel the need to lean back our chairs onto two legs? | We came from primates who lived in trees. We like to balance. We are a bipedal who must balance to move at all because we are on one foot a lot of the time.
By the way, many newly blinded people were injured in the back of the skull injuring the visual center of the brain. Falling backward into blindness is a terribl... | [
"Sitting or standing postures also indicate one's emotions. A person sitting till the back of their chair, leans forward with their head nodding along with the discussion implies that they are open, relaxed and generally ready to listen. On the other hand, a person who has their legs and arms crossed with the foot ... |
how do seabracher watercraft keep the engine running without getting flooded with water, even when submerged for short periods of time? | From their [website](_URL_0_):
> The Seabreacher is only meant to dive just beneath the surface for brief durations. You typically do not go lower than 5-6 feet, and it will also depend on your level of experience as a pilot. Most people are under for about 5-10 seconds at a time, and almost always have a portion of ... | [
"One of the most distinctive additions to the engine is liquid media in which the player can enter and swim. There are four types of media: water, sewage, lava and goo, the latter two being harmful to the player's health when entered. While submerged, the player can move around, use the run key to swim upward and o... |
There are almost 2000 known exoplanets, the closet confirmed being 15ly away. Will we someday be able to directly image their surface features from Earth? If so, what will it take to do so (I.e type and size of telescope) and how far away are we from having that ability/technology? | In 2001 the VLT was able to measure the angular diameters of the stars alpha Centauri A and B. The technique is called "astronomical interferometry," which basically involves using multiple telescopes together in a way that benefits not just from their size but also from the distance between them. It's more common in r... | [
"At the meeting, the details of the findings were first presented by the research group which had used the twin Keck Telescopes in Hawaii to detect the exoplanet. With the twin telescopes functioning as a single observatory, by means of interferometry, it was determined that \"HD156668b\" is only four times larger ... |
Why is it that supposedly two people huddling together with their skin touching will keep them more warm than each of them keeping their warmth for themselves? | Surface area to volume ratio. You lose heat through exposed surfaces by conduction/radiation/convection. When you huddle up as a single person you have less exposed area than if you are physically spread out (i.e. arms extended). If you have two people you are better off huddling in a single ball for the same reason be... | [
"Since extending one's hand was the common gesture for the invitation to dance, hand coolers became invaluable as during that time it was unacceptable for ladies to have hot, sweaty hands. In France during this time period, it was expected that a ladies' hand would be cool and dry when kissed in greeting by an admi... |
why do people get those three dots tattooed on the space between their thumb and forefinger? | It literally means so many things. It has been used to distinguish different ethnic groups in the early 90's in Eastern Europe during the genocides and all that good stuff /s. It has been used to distinguish certain sailors. The three dots can symbolize three words, what those three words can be anything. | [
"Mostly seen in the UK but used elsewhere too, four dots tattooed across the knuckles stand for ACAB (All Cops Are Bastards). Or a dot on each hand in between the thumb and forefinger, one meaning going into prison and one meaning they have completed their sentence.\n",
"The Karankawa had distinctive tattoos, not... |
how are pranksters like vitalyzdtv making so brutal 'pranks' without getting sued or arrested? | Probrably fake.
They would absolutely be arrested if they did those things.
And I agree. If someone came at me with a chainsaw looking thing. They would find themselves at gunpoint immediately. | [
"Pranks include a rap battle between two police officers, a child dropping a wallet in front of strangers to see if it is returned, and a blind man dropping his wallet. An extremely long selfie stick was another. Other pranks included 'abusing a transvestite', impersonating traffic wardens and giving tickets to pol... |
Do *all* liquids always constantly evaporate? | Sure, there is always some vapor liquid equilibrium between a liquid and a gas. It might be incredibly tiny, such that parts per trillion or less levels of the liquid make it into the gas, but there is some amount that will escape the liquid phase even if that number is vanishingly tiny. For any temperature above abs... | [
"Liquids that do not evaporate visibly at a given temperature in a given gas (e.g., cooking oil at room temperature) have molecules that do not tend to transfer energy to each other in a pattern sufficient to frequently give a molecule the heat energy necessary to turn into vapor. However, these liquids \"are\" eva... |
Clarification about the milky way and our "sky" | In short, every star you can see is in the Milky Way. There are a few cases where you can see other galaxies with the naked eye (Andromeda, the Magellanic Clouds, and Triangulum if you're really lucky), but you can't make out individual stars in them.
The band you see going across the image continues around the entire... | [
"The Milky Way is visible from Earth as a hazy band of white light, some 30° wide, arching across the night sky. In night sky observing, although all the individual naked-eye stars in the entire sky are part of the Milky Way, the term \"Milky Way\" is limited to this band of light. The light originates from the acc... |
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