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Intransitive verb | In grammar, an intransitive verb is a verb whose context does not entail a direct object. That lack of transitivity distinguishes intransitive verbs from transitive verbs, which entail one or more objects. Additionally, intransitive verbs are typically considered within a class apart from modal verbs and defective verbs. |
X.32 | X.32 is an old ITU-T standard published in 1984 for connecting to an X.25 network by dial-up. It defines how the network identifies the terminal for billing and security purposes. |
VisTrails | VisTrails is a scientific workflow management system developed at the Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute at the University of Utah that provides support for data exploration and visualization. It is written in Python and employs Qt via PyQt bindings. The system is open source, released under the GPL v2 license. The pre-compiled versions for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux come with an installer and several packages, including VTK, matplotlib, and ImageMagick. VisTrails also supports user-defined packages. |
Legacy Family Tree | Legacy Family Tree is genealogy software for Windows that assists family historians in tracking, organizing, printing, and sharing family history. The standard edition is distributed as freeware, with no restrictions, only requiring registration on the company's web site to download the software. Users may pay a fee in order to conduct Product activation to "unlock" the additional features in the deluxe edition. |
Garrod's pad | Garrod's pads (also known as violinist's pads) are a cutaneous condition characterized by calluses on the dorsal aspect of the interphalangeal joints, i.e. the back side of the finger joints. They are often seen in violin, viola, and cello players, along with fiddler's neck and other dermatologic conditions peculiar to string musicians. Although Garrod's pads are conventionally described as appearing on the proximal interphalangeal joint, distal interphalangeal joint involvement has also been described.Garrod's pads are named after Archibald Garrod who first documented them in 1904 in association with Dupuytren's contracture. H.A. Bird described them as an incidental finding in a professional violinist and proposed that they arise in such cases due to repeated extreme tension of the extensor tendons over the interphalangeal joints. Bird noted that violin players use the left hand for a markedly different task than the right hand, with the extensor tendons in the left hand subjected to considerable tension, and that Garrod's pads only arise on the left hand in such cases. This unilateral finding differentiates the occupational hazard of Garrod's pads from more significant disorders. Among violinists and violists, Garrod's pads apparently arise as a protective mechanism for the skin and subcutaneous tissues above the tendons; Bird notes that they do not protect against external trauma unlike most calluses.Patients with Dupuytren's contracture are four times more likely to have coexisting Garrod's pads. |
Nursing in Germany | Nursing in Germany is provided by different levels of professional and specialized practitioners. German-registered nurses are called Gesundheits- und Krankenpfleger (health- and sickness carer). Previously, the official name for a nurse practicing in Germany was Krankenschwester (female) and Krankenpfleger (male). |
Woman on top | Woman on top is any sex position in which the woman is on top of her sexual partner during sexual activity. The position most commonly associated with the woman on top is often called the cowgirl or riding position, which derives its name from the image of the woman "riding" the man as a cowgirl rides a bucking horse. In that position, a man typically lies on his back with his legs closed, while the female partner straddles him, usually in a kneeling position facing either forward or back, and either the man or woman inserts the man's erect penis into the woman's vagina or anus. The cowgirl position is commonly cited as one of the more popular sex positions, especially by women, because it gives them control over the rhythm and pace of vaginal stimulation and the extent and duration of penetration and because of its ability to adequately stimulate the clitoris. There are other positions in which the woman may be on top, including the 69 position and the pompoir sex position. |
Supercavitating torpedo | A supercavitating torpedo is a torpedo using the effect of supercavitation to create a bubble around the torpedo to move at high velocity under water. The following is a list of supercavitating torpedoes which have been developed or are in development.
VA-111 Shkval, 1977 Hoot, 2006 Superkavitierender Unterwasserlaufkörper (Supercavitating underwater-travelling munition) Barracuda, 2005 prototype Unnamed prototype, mentioned 2004The DARPA also considered building supercavitating minisubs dubbed "Underwater Express". |
LMO4 | LIM domain transcription factor LMO4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LMO4 gene.LIM domain only 4 is a cysteine-rich, two LIM domain-containing protein that may play a role as a transcriptional regulator or possibly an oncogene. Its mRNA is characterized by a GC-rich 5' region and by multiple ATTT motifs in the 3' region. A variant transcript missing a portion of the 5' region has been identified but cannot be confirmed because of the GC-rich nature of the region. |
Deflection routing | Deflection routing is a routing strategy for networks based on packet switching which can reduce the need of buffering packets. Every packet has preferred outputs along which it wants to leave the router, and when possible, a packet is sent along one of these outputs. However, two or more packets may want to leave along the same output (which is referred to as a contention among packets), and then only one of the packets may be sent along the link, while the others are sent along available outputs, even though the other links are not preferred by the packets (because, for instance, those links do not yield shortest paths). |
Pokémon FireRed and LeafGreen | Pokémon FireRed Version and Pokémon LeafGreen Version are 2004 remakes of the 1996 Game Boy role-playing video games Pokémon Red and Blue. They were developed by Game Freak, published by The Pokémon Company and Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance. FireRed and LeafGreen were first released in Japan in January 2004 and in North America and Europe in September and October 2004 respectively. The games are part of the third generation of the Pokémon video game series and hold the distinction of being the first enhanced remakes of previous games within the franchise. |
Vasocongestion | Vasocongestion, vascular congestion or vascular engorgement is the swelling of bodily tissues caused by increased vascular blood flow and a localized increase in blood pressure. Typical causes of vasocongestion in humans includes menstruation, sexual arousal, REM sleep, strong emotions, illnesses, deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and allergic reactions. |
Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision | Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision is a journal published by Now Publishers. It publishes survey and tutorial articles on all aspects of computer graphics and vision. The editor-in-chiefs are Brian Curless (University of Washington), Luc Van Gool (KU Leuven) and Richard Szeliski (Microsoft Research). |
AntiVirus Gold | AntiVirus Gold is rogue software developed by ICommerce Solutions S.A. that poses as a legitimate antivirus program. It attempts to persuade users to buy the software by displaying ads and other nagware. It is believed that the name of the program is an attempt at social engineering to confuse people about the legitimate program AVG Anti-Virus. AntiVirus Gold may be downloaded in a bundle with other software or by some Trojan horse software. Antivirus Gold has also been rebranded under many names such as Antivirus Golden and Antispyware Gold. |
Core model | In set theory, the core model is a definable inner model of the universe of all sets. Even though set theorists refer to "the core model", it is not a uniquely identified mathematical object. Rather, it is a class of inner models that under the right set-theoretic assumptions have very special properties, most notably covering properties. Intuitively, the core model is "the largest canonical inner model there is" (Ernest Schimmerling and John R. Steel) and is typically associated with a large cardinal notion. If Φ is a large cardinal notion, then the phrase "core model below Φ" refers to the definable inner model that exhibits the special properties under the assumption that there does not exist a cardinal satisfying Φ. The core model program seeks to analyze large cardinal axioms by determining the core models below them. |
Zonal wavenumber | In meteorological applications, a zonal wavenumber or hemispheric wavenumber is the dimensionless number of wavelengths fitting within a full circle around the globe at a given latitude.
cos φλ where λ is the wavelength, r is the Earth's radius, and φ is the latitude.
Zonal wavenumbers are typically counted on the upper level (say 500-millibar) geopotential maps by identifying troughs and ridges of the waves. Wavenumber 1 has one trough and one ridge, i.e. one wavelength fits 360 degrees. Wavenumber 2 has two ridges and two troughs around 360 degrees. |
Virtual breakdown mechanism | The Virtual breakdown mechanism is a concept in the field of electrochemistry. In electrochemical reactions, when the cathode and the anode are close enough to each other (i.e., so-called "nanogap electrochemical cells"), the double layer of the regions from the two electrodes is overlapped, forming a large electric field uniformly distributed inside the entire electrode gap. Such high electric fields can significantly enhance the ion migration inside bulk solutions and thus increase the entire reaction rate, akin to the "breakdown" of the reactant(s). However, it is fundamentally different from the traditional "breakdown". |
Gabor Medal | The Gabor Medal is one of the medals awarded by the Royal Society for "acknowledged distinction of interdisciplinary work between the life sciences with other disciplines".The medal was created in 1989 to honor the memory of physicist Dennis Gabor, and was originally awarded biennially. Initially awarded "for acknowledged distinction of work in the life sciences, particularly in the fields of genetic engineering and molecular biology", the criteria for the awarding of the medal were later changed to its current definition. It is made of silver. The medal is targeted at "emerging early to mid career stage scientist[s]" and is accompanied by a £2000 prize since 2017. Before that, it accompanied with a prize of £1000. From 2017 it has been awarded annually. All citizens who have been residents of either United Kingdom, Commonwealth of Nations, or the Republic of Ireland for more than three years are eligible for the medal.The Gabor Medal was first awarded in 1989 to Noreen Murray for her pioneering work in genetic engineering. As of February 2022, the latest recipient of the Gabor Medal is Peter Donnelly. |
Lighting designer | In theatre, a lighting designer (or LD) works with the director, choreographer, set designer, costume designer, and sound designer to create the lighting, atmosphere, and time of day for the production in response to the text while keeping in mind issues of visibility, safety, and cost. The LD also works closely with the stage manager or show control programming, if show control systems are used in that production. Outside stage lighting, the job of a lighting designer can be much more diverse, and they can be found working on rock and pop tours, corporate launches, art installations, or lighting effects at sporting events. |
Akka bakka bonka rakka | Akka bakka bonka rakka is a Norwegian nursery rhyme of mostly nonsense words used to select or point out a participant in children's games, such as who will be "it" in a game like hide-and-seek (Norwegian: gjemsel) or tag (Norwegian: sisten).It is classified as a counting rhyme in Nora Kobberstad's Norsk Lekebok (Book of Norwegian Games) from 1901.There are different versions of the rhyme. The following version was recorded in Elverum in the early 1920s by Sigurd Nergaard: Akka bakka, banka ranka, etla metla, sang dang, fil i fang, isa, bisa, topp!In 1936, it was included in a collection of children's rhymes published by Rikka Deinboll: Akka bakka bonka rakka etla metla sjong dong fili fong issa bissa toppFinn Myrvang reproduced it in 1964 in a version from Andøya: Akka bakka bonka rakka, issa bissa topp. |
Unit Control Block | In IBM mainframe operating systems OS/360 and its successors, a Unit Control Block (UCB) is a memory structure, or a control block, that describes any single input/output peripheral device (unit), or an exposure (alias), to the operating system. Certain data within the UCB also instructs the Input/Output Supervisor (IOS) to use certain closed subroutines in addition to normal IOS processing for additional physical device control. |
Blue star tattoo legend | The blue star tattoo legend is an urban legend which states that a temporary lick-and-stick tattoo soaked in LSD and made in the form of a blue star, or of popular children's cartoon characters, is being distributed to unknowing children in any given area. |
NG-PON2 | NG-PON2 (also known as TWDM-PON), Next-Generation Passive Optical Network 2 is a 2015 telecommunications network standard for a passive optical network (PON). The standard was developed by ITU and details an architecture capable of total network throughput of 40 Gbit/s, corresponding to up to 10 Gbit/s symmetric upstream/downstream speeds available at each subscriber.A passive optical network is a last mile, fibre-to-the-x telecommunications network that broadcasts data through fibre optic cables. PONs are managed by passive optics such as unpowered splitters and filters, offering high reliability and low cost compared to active networks. The PON data stream is generally converted to a more traditional service such as Ethernet and Wi-Fi at the subscriber's location. |
General time- and transfer constant analysis | The general time- and transfer-constants (TTC) analysis is the generalized version of the Cochran-Grabel (CG) method, which itself is the generalized version of zero-value time-constants (ZVT), which in turn is the generalization of the open-circuit time constant method (OCT). While the other methods mentioned provide varying terms of only the denominator of an arbitrary transfer function, TTC can be used to determine every term both in the numerator and the denominator. Its denominator terms are the same as that of Cochran-Grabel method, when stated in terms of time constants (when expressed in Rosenstark notation). however, the numerator terms are determined using a combination of transfer constants and time constants, where the time constants are the same as those in CG method. Transfer constants are low-frequency ratios of the output variable to input variable under different open- and short-circuited active elements. |
Iron–hydrogen resistor | An iron–hydrogen resistor consists of a hydrogen-filled glass bulb (similar to a light bulb), in which an iron wire is located. This resistor has a positive temperature coefficient of resistance. This characteristic made it useful for stabilizing circuits against fluctuations in power-supply voltages. This device is often called a "barretter" because of its similarity to the barretter used for detection of radio signals. The modern successor to the iron–hydrogen resistor is the current source. |
PGM Précision | PGM Précision (styled as PGM PRECISION) is a French company manufacturing high-precision rifles for military, law enforcement and sporting usages.
Models include: PGM Hécate II (12.7×99mm NATO / .50 BMG), .416 Barrett/10.6×83mm PGM 338 (.338 Lapua Magnum / 8.6×70mm) PGM Ultima Ratio (7.62×51mm NATO as main military chambering).300 Savage, 7mm-08 Remington, .260 Remington, 6.5×47mm Lapua and 6mm Norma BR on special request |
Amidorphin | Amidorphin is an endogenous, C-terminally amidated, opioid peptide generated as a cleavage product of proenkephalin A in some mammalian species; in humans and most other species, the peptide is 1 residue longer and is not amidated. Amidorphin is widely distributed in the mammalian brain, with particularly high concentrations found in the striatum, and outside of the brain in adrenal medulla and posterior pituitary. The 26-residue peptide named amidorphin is found in several species including bovine (Bos taurus), sheep (Ovis aries), and pig (Sus scrofa). Humans and commonly studied lab animals (mice, rats) produce a 27-residue peptide that does not have an amidated C-terminal residue; this is due to the absence of a Gly in the precursor sequence and replacement with Ala, which is not a substrate for the amidating enzyme (Peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase). The properties of the 27-residue peptide are presumably similar to those of amidorphin, although this has not been adequately tested. In some brain areas, amidorphin is extensively further reduced into smaller fragments, such as the non-opioid peptide amidorphin-(8-26), or in humans, amidorphin-8-27. Cleavage of amidorphin into these smaller fragments releases the N-terminal [Met]-enkephalin sequence of amidorphin. |
Partial dominance hypothesis | The partial dominance hypothesis in genetics states that inbreeding depression is the result of the frequency increase of homozygous deleterious recessive or partially recessive alleles. The partial dominance hypothesis can be explained by looking at a population that is divided into a large number of separately inbred lines. Deleterious alleles will eventually be eliminated from some lines and become fixed in other lines, while some lines disappear because of fixation of deleterious alleles. This will cause an overall decline in population and trait value, but then increase to a trait value that is equal to or greater than the trait value in the original population. Crossing inbred lines restores fitness in the overdominance hypothesis and a fitness increase in the partial dominance hypothesis. |
Integrated Nuclear Fuel Cycle Information System | Integrated Nuclear Fuel Cycle Information System (iNFCIS) is a set of databases related to the nuclear fuel cycle maintained by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The main objective of iNFCIS is to provide information on all aspects of nuclear fuel cycle to various researchers, analysts, energy planners, academicians, students and the general public. Presently iNFCIS includes several modules. iNFCIS requires free registration for on-line access. |
Metacognitive training | Metacognitive training (MCT) is an approach for treating the symptoms of psychosis in schizophrenia, especially delusions, which has been adapted for other disorders such as depression, obsessive–compulsive disorder and borderline over the years (see below and external links for free download). It was developed by Steffen Moritz and Todd Woodward. The intervention is based on the theoretical principles of cognitive behavioral therapy, but focuses in particular on problematic thinking styles (cognitive biases) that are associated with the development and maintenance of positive symptoms, e.g. overconfidence in errors and jumping to conclusions. Metacognitive training exists as a group training (MCT) and as an individualized intervention (MCT+). |
Abexinostat | Abexinostat (INN, formerly PCI-24781) is an experimental drug candidate for cancer treatment. It was developed by Pharmacyclics and licensed to Xynomic. and is in Phase II clinical trials for B-cell lymphoma. Pre-clinical study suggests the potential for treatment of different types of cancer as well.Abexinostat exerts its effect as a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor and inhibits RAD51, which is involved in repairing DNA double strand breaks. |
Eight-string guitar | An eight-string guitar is a guitar with eight strings, or one more than the Russian guitar's seven. Eight-string guitars are less common than six- and seven-string guitars, but they are used by a few classical, jazz, and metal guitarists. The eight-string guitar allows a wider tonal range, or non-standard tunings (such as major-thirds tuning), or both. |
Prayer During the Day | Prayer During the Day is a liturgy of the Church of England from the service book Common Worship. Along with Night Prayer (or "Compline"), it is a daily prayer service to supplement Morning Prayer and Evening Prayer. The Church of England's publication Common Worship Daily Prayer contains this shorter form of Prayer for each day of the week, as well as the longer forms of Morning and Evening Prayer. The Church of England's own literature outlines several different methods for its use, which correspond to the canonical hours of Terce, Sext, and None, which are fixed prayer times. It may be used for a daily quiet time of reading, prayer and reflection. |
Talent management system | A talent management system (TMS) is an integrated software suite that addresses the "four pillars" of talent management: recruitment; performance management; learning and development; and compensation management. |
Orders of magnitude (bit rate) | An order of magnitude is generally a factor of ten. A quantity growing by four orders of magnitude implies it has grown by a factor of 10000 or 104. However, because computers are binary, orders of magnitude are sometimes given as powers of two. |
Chronicles of the Going Home Club | Chronicles of the Going Home Club (帰宅部活動記録, Kitakubu Katsudō Kiroku) is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Kuroha, serialized by Square Enix's Gangan Online service. A 12-episode anime television series adaptation by Nomad aired between July and October 2013. |
Fluctuation electron microscopy | Fluctuation electron microscopy (FEM), originally called Variable Coherence Microscopy before decoherence effects in the sample rendered that naming moot, is a technique in electron microscopy that probes nanometer-scale or "medium-range" order in disordered materials. The first studies were performed on amorphous Si (Treacy and Gibson 1997) and later on hydrogenated amorphous silicon. |
Borel measure | In mathematics, specifically in measure theory, a Borel measure on a topological space is a measure that is defined on all open sets (and thus on all Borel sets). Some authors require additional restrictions on the measure, as described below. |
Atherton–Todd reaction | The Atherton-Todd reaction is a name reaction in organic chemistry, which goes back to the British chemists F. R. Atherton, H. T. Openshaw and A. R. Todd. These described the reaction for the first time in 1945 as a method of converting dialkyl phosphites into dialkyl chlorophosphates. The dialkyl chlorophosphates formed are often too reactive to be isolated, though. For this reason, the synthesis of phosphates or phosphoramidates can follow the Atherton-Todd reaction in the presence of alcohols or amines. The following equation gives an overview over the Atherton-Todd reaction using the reactant dimethyl phosphite as an example: The reaction takes place after the addition of tetrachloromethane and a base. This base is usually a primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Instead of methyl groups other alkyl or benzyl groups may be present. |
Fuel economy in aircraft | The fuel economy in aircraft is the measure of the transport energy efficiency of aircraft.
Efficiency is increased with better aerodynamics and by reducing weight, and with improved engine BSFC and propulsive efficiency or TSFC.
Endurance and range can be maximized with the optimum airspeed, and economy is better at optimum altitudes, usually higher. An airline efficiency depends on its fleet fuel burn, seating density, air cargo and passenger load factor, while operational procedures like maintenance and routing can save fuel.
Average fuel burn of new aircraft fell 45% from 1968 to 2014, a compounded annual reduction 1.3% with a variable reduction rate. |
Solar eclipse of August 11, 1961 | An annular solar eclipse occurred on August 11, 1961. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. A small annular eclipse covered only 94% of the Sun in a very broad path, 499 km wide at maximum, and lasted 6 minutes and 35 seconds. |
Demurrage | "Demurrage" in vessel chartering is the period when the charterer remained in possession of the vessel after the period normally allowed to load and unload cargo (laytime). By extension, demurrage refers to the charges that the charterer pays to the ship owner for its delayed operations of loading/unloading. Officially, demurrage is a form of liquidated damages for breaching the laytime as it is stated in the governing contract (the charter party). The demurrage sometimes causes a loss to the seller as it increases cost of the total freight.The inverse of demurrage is despatch. If the charterer requires the use of the vessel for less time than the laytime allowed, the charter party may require the shipowner to pay despatch for the time saved. |
Triple bond | A triple bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two atoms involving six bonding electrons instead of the usual two in a covalent single bond. Triple bonds are stronger than the equivalent single bonds or double bonds, with a bond order of three. The most common triple bond is in a nitrogen N2 molecule; the second most common is that between two carbon atoms, which can be found in alkynes. Other functional groups containing a triple bond are cyanides and isocyanides. Some diatomic molecules, such as dinitrogen and carbon monoxide, are also triple bonded. In skeletal formulae the triple bond is drawn as three parallel lines (≡) between the two connected atoms. |
Peel (tool) | A peel is a tool used by bakers to slide loaves of bread, pizzas, pastries, and other baked goods into and out of an oven. It is usually made of wood, with a flat surface for carrying the baked good and a handle extending from one side of that surface. Alternatively, the carrying surface may be made of sheet metal, which is attached to a wooden handle. Wood has the advantage that it does not become hot enough to burn the user's hands the way metal can, even if it is frequently in the oven. The word presumably derives from the French pelle, which describes both a peel and a shovel. |
Toll-free telephone number | A toll-free telephone number or freephone number is a telephone number that is billed for all arriving calls. For the calling party, a call to a toll-free number from a landline is free of charge. A toll-free number is identified by a dialing prefix similar to an area code. The specific service access varies by country. |
Bayesian information criterion | In statistics, the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) or Schwarz information criterion (also SIC, SBC, SBIC) is a criterion for model selection among a finite set of models; models with lower BIC are generally preferred. It is based, in part, on the likelihood function and it is closely related to the Akaike information criterion (AIC). |
Schroeder stairs | Schroeder stairs (Schröder's stairs) is an optical illusion which is a two-dimensional drawing which may be perceived either as a drawing of a staircase leading from left to right downwards or the same staircase only turned upside down, a classical example of perspective reversal in psychology of perception. It is named after the German natural scientist Heinrich G. F. Schröder, who published it in 1858.It is sometimes called "Schouten steps", in reference to a small sheet-metal staircase given to M.C. Escher by Prof. Schouten and which was an inspiration for Escher's "Convex and Concave". This illusion is also seen in another Escher's work, "Relativity".This drawing may be variously described as an "ambiguous figure", "reversible figure" or "bistable figure". The first classification refers to the likelihood that the drawing may be perceived as two (or more) different objects. The second refers to the phenomenon that after some time of staring at the figure the perception of its orientation becomes involuntarily reversed. The third one emphasizes the fact that there are two (rather than one) stable perceptions of the drawing.This illusion, among others, has been used in studies of perception. In particular, in one study it was established that involuntary switch of perception occurs with approximate frequency of once in 7.5-12.5 seconds. The change of perception may be attributed either to neuronal fatigue or to conscious selection. |
Paraphilia | Paraphilia is the experience of recurring or intense sexual arousal to atypical objects, situations, fantasies, behaviors, or individuals. It has also been defined as a sexual interest in anything other than conventional sexual intercourse with a consenting human partner.The exact number and taxonomy of paraphilia is under debate; one source lists as many as 549 types of paraphilia. Several sub-classifications of paraphilia have been proposed, although some argue that a fully dimensional, spectrum or complaint-oriented approach would better reflect the evident diversity of human sexuality.As of 2022, both the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) have taken deliberate steps to depathologize unconventional sexual interests by drawing a distinction between benign paraphilias and potentially harmful "paraphilic disorders". While the vast majority of paraphilias are harmless forms of individual sexual expression between one or more consenting adults, there are a small number of paraphilic disorders (for example, pedophilic disorder or other paraphilic disorders involving non-consenting individuals) which carry significant social, medical, ethical and legal implications. |
Precrastination | Precrastination (also written as pre-crastination) is the act of completing tasks as soon as possible even if it costs extra effort or the quality of the outcome deteriorates. Some people may use this approach in order to avoid the anxiety and stress of last-minute work. Precrastination is considered an unhealthy behavior pattern and is accompanied by symptoms such as conscientiousness, eagerness to please, and high energy.People who precrastinate may try to find shortcuts to be more efficient and productive, but this may result in the application of non-effective energy management and cause the person to fulfill their tasks to an incomplete or insufficient degree. Precrastinators may be more likely to act impulsively instead of carefully planning ahead. |
Arrow lock | An arrow lock is a lock with standard dimensions used by the United States Postal Service for mail carriers to access collection boxes, outdoor parcel lockers, cluster box units, and apartment mailbox panels. Arrow locks are unlocked through the use of a corresponding arrow key. Arrow locks are also referred to as "Master Access Locks" |
United Square | The United Square is a French-originated strategy game, known for its commercial slogan, "Small, Smart, Simple and Strategic". United Square is a board game, a card game and interactive game software for PC's and most tablets. It is a game of logic that may be considered to fall under the same category as chess and checkers, for advance players resort to employing strategy and deep reflection in outwitting their opponents in order to win a match. |
AmpliChip | AmpliChip is a family of clinical tests from the Swiss healthcare company Hoffmann-La Roche which aim to find out the patients' genotype using micro-array technology. The tests include the CYP450 Test and the P53 Test. The CYP450 Test was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. |
Bogolyubov Prize (NASU) | The Bogoliubov Prize is an award offered by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for scientists with outstanding contribution to theoretical physics and applied mathematics. The award is issued in the memory of theoretical physicist and mathematician Nikolay Bogoliubov.
The award was founded in 1992. |
Mercury switch | A mercury switch is an electrical switch that opens and closes a circuit when a small amount of the liquid metal mercury connects metal electrodes to close the circuit. There are several different basic designs (tilt, displacement, radial, etc.) but they all share the common design strength of non-eroding switch contacts.
The most common is the mercury tilt switch. It is in one state (open or closed) when tilted one direction with respect to horizontal, and the other state when tilted the other direction. This is what older style thermostats used to turn a heater or air conditioner on or off.
The mercury displacement switch uses a 'plunger' that dips into a pool of mercury, raising the level in the container to contact at least one electrode. This design is used in relays in industrial applications that need to switch high current loads frequently. These relays use electromagnetic coils to pull steel sleeves inside hermetically sealed containers. |
Methallylescaline | Methallylescaline (4-Methylallyloxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine) is a lesser-known psychedelic drug. It is the 4-methyl analog of allylescaline. Methallylescaline was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book PiHKAL, the dosage range is listed as 40–65 mg and the duration is listed as 12–16 hours. Little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of methallylescaline, though it is known to be an agonist of 5-HT2A receptors, and has been sold as a designer drug. |
Ice skating | Ice skating is the self-propulsion and gliding of a person across an ice surface, using metal-bladed ice skates. People skate for various reasons, including recreation (fun), exercise, competitive sports, and commuting. Ice skating may be performed on naturally frozen bodies of water, such as ponds, lakes, canals, and rivers, and on human-made ice surfaces both indoors and outdoors. |
Infective endocarditis | Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner surface of the heart, usually the valves. Signs and symptoms may include fever, small areas of bleeding into the skin, heart murmur, feeling tired, and low red blood cell count. Complications may include backward blood flow in the heart, heart failure – the heart struggling to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the body's needs, abnormal electrical conduction in the heart, stroke, and kidney failure.The cause is typically a bacterial infection and less commonly a fungal infection. Risk factors include valvular heart disease, including rheumatic disease, congenital heart disease, artificial valves, hemodialysis, intravenous drug use, and electronic pacemakers. The bacteria most commonly involved are streptococci or staphylococci. Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and supported by blood cultures or ultrasound of the heart. There is also a noninfective form of endocarditis.The usefulness of antibiotics following dental procedures for prevention is unclear. Some recommend them for people at high risk. Treatment is generally with intravenous antibiotics. The choice of antibiotics is based on the results of blood cultures. Occasionally heart surgery is required. |
Blackboxing | In science studies, the social process of blackboxing is based on the abstract notion of a black box. To cite Bruno Latour, blackboxing is "the way scientific and technical work is made invisible by its own success. When a machine runs efficiently, when a matter of fact is settled, one need focus only on its inputs and outputs and not on its internal complexity. Thus, paradoxically, the more science and technology succeed, the more opaque and obscure they become." |
SERBP1 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 RNA-binding protein (serbp1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SERBP1 gene. |
PLPAK | The PLPAK developers, BE4E, describe it as "The PLPAK is special purpose software package for structural analysis of building slabs and foundations based on the Boundary Element Method". The PLPAK uses the shear-deformable plate bending theory according to Reissner. |
MathML | Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) is a mathematical markup language, an application of XML for describing mathematical notations and capturing both its structure and content, and is one of a number of mathematical markup languages. Its aim is to natively integrate mathematical formulae into World Wide Web pages and other documents. It is part of HTML5 and is a ISO/IEC standard ISO/IEC 40314 since 2015. |
Argatroban | Argatroban is an anticoagulant that is a small molecule direct thrombin inhibitor. In 2000, argatroban was licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for prophylaxis or treatment of thrombosis in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). In 2002, it was approved for use during percutaneous coronary interventions in patients who have HIT or are at risk for developing it. In 2012, it was approved by the MHRA in the UK for anticoagulation in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Type II (HIT) who require parenteral antithrombotic therapy.Argatroban is given intravenously and drug plasma concentrations reach steady state in 1–3 hours. Argatroban is metabolized in the liver and has a half-life of about 50 minutes. It is monitored by PTT. Because of its hepatic metabolism, it may be used in patients with renal dysfunction. (This is in contrast to lepirudin, a direct thrombin inhibitor that is primarily renally cleared). |
Mung bean sheets | Mung bean sheets are a type of Chinese noodle. It is transparent, flat, and sheet-like. They can be found, in dried form, in China and occasionally in some Chinatowns overseas. |
Incremental launch | Incremental launch is a method in civil engineering of building a complete bridge deck from one abutment of the bridge only, manufacturing the superstructure of the bridge by sections to the other side. In current applications, the method is highly mechanised and uses pre-stressed concrete.: 1 |
Aesthete (chiton) | Aesthetes are organs in chitons, derived from the mantle of the organism. They are generally believed to be tiny 'eyes', too small to be seen unaided, embedded in the organism's shell, acting in unison to function as a large, dispersed, compound eye. However, in 2013 studies suggested that aesthetes may serve the function of releasing material to repair the periostracum, a proteinaceous material covering the shell and protecting it from abrasion. This turned out to be false, as it was conclusively demonstrated in November 2015, that aesthetes are image forming eyes. This layer is constantly worn away by waves and debris as a function of their rugged habitat, and must be continuously replaced to protect the shell. Some chitons also have larger lens-bearing eyes. |
Finite water-content vadose zone flow method | The finite water-content vadose zone flux method represents a one-dimensional alternative to the numerical solution of Richards' equation for simulating the movement of water in unsaturated soils. The finite water-content method solves the advection-like term of the Soil Moisture Velocity Equation, which is an ordinary differential equation alternative to the Richards partial differential equation. The Richards equation is difficult to approximate in general because it does not have a closed-form analytical solution except in a few cases. The finite water-content method, is perhaps the first generic replacement for the numerical solution of the Richards' equation. The finite water-content solution has several advantages over the Richards equation solution. First, as an ordinary differential equation it is explicit, guaranteed to converge and computationally inexpensive to solve. Second, using a finite volume solution methodology it is guaranteed to conserve mass. The finite water content method readily simulates sharp wetting fronts, something that the Richards solution struggles with. The main limiting assumption required to use the finite water-content method is that the soil be homogeneous in layers. |
ChIL-sequencing | ChIL sequencing (ChIL-seq), also known as Chromatin Integration Labeling sequencing, is a method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA. ChIL-sequencing combines antibody-targeted controlled cleavage by Tn5 transposase with massively parallel DNA sequencing to identify the binding sites of DNA-associated proteins. It can be used to map global DNA binding sites precisely for any protein of interest. Currently, ChIP-Seq is the most common technique utilized to study protein–DNA relations, however, it suffers from a number of practical and economical limitations that ChIL-Sequencing does not. ChIL-Seq is a precise technique that reduces sample loss could be applied to single-cells. |
OpenCog | OpenCog is a project that aims to build an open source artificial intelligence framework. OpenCog Prime is an architecture for robot and virtual embodied cognition that defines a set of interacting components designed to give rise to human-equivalent artificial general intelligence (AGI) as an emergent phenomenon of the whole system. OpenCog Prime's design is primarily the work of Ben Goertzel while the OpenCog framework is intended as a generic framework for broad-based AGI research. Research utilizing OpenCog has been published in journals and presented at conferences and workshops including the annual Conference on Artificial General Intelligence. OpenCog is released under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License. |
Olopatadine/mometasone | Olopatadine/mometasone, sold under the brand name Ryaltris, is a fixed-dose combination medication for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis in adults and adolescents twelve years of age and older. It contains olopatadine hydrochloride and mometasone furoate monohydrate. It is sprayed into the nose.Common side effects include an unpleasant taste (dysgeusia).It was approved for medical use in Australia in December 2019, and in the United States in January 2022. |
Modernized e-File | Modernized e-File (MeF) is an electronic system for filing tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) of the United States. |
Conjugate (acid-base theory) | A conjugate acid, within the Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, is a chemical compound formed when an acid gives a proton (H+) to a base—in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion added to it, as it loses a hydrogen ion in the reverse reaction. On the other hand, a conjugate base is what remains after an acid has donated a proton during a chemical reaction. Hence, a conjugate base is a substance formed by the removal of a proton from an acid, as it can gain a hydrogen ion in the reverse reaction. Because some acids can give multiple protons, the conjugate base of an acid may itself be acidic. |
Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications | Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research in pharmacology, clinical trials, drugs and drug safety. The journal was established in 2010 and is published by Dove Medical Press. |
Nuclear matrix | In biology, the nuclear matrix is the network of fibres found throughout the inside of a cell nucleus after a specific method of chemical extraction. According to some it is somewhat analogous to the cell cytoskeleton. In contrast to the cytoskeleton, however, the nuclear matrix has been proposed to be a dynamic structure. Along with the nuclear lamina, it supposedly aids in organizing the genetic information within the cell.The exact function of this structure is still disputed, and its very existence has been called into question. Evidence for such a structure was recognised as long ago as 1948, and consequently many proteins associated with the matrix have been discovered. The presence of intra-cellular proteins is common ground, and it is agreed that proteins such as the Scaffold, or Matrix Associated Proteins (SAR or MAR) have some role in the organisation of chromatin in the living cell. There is evidence that the nuclear matrix is involved in regulation of gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.Whenever a similar structure can actually be found in living cells remains a topic of discussion. According to some sources, most, if not all proteins found in nuclear matrix are the aggregates of proteins of structures that can be found in the nucleus of living cells. Such structures are nuclear lamina, which consist of proteins termed lamins which can be also found in the nuclear matrix. |
Author editing | An authors' editor is a language professional who works "with authors to make draft texts fit for purpose". They edit manuscripts that have been drafted by the author (or authors) but have not yet been submitted to a publisher for publication. This type of editing is called author editing, to distinguish it from other types of editing done for publishers on documents already accepted for publication: an authors' editor works "with (and, commonly, for) an author rather than for a publisher". A term sometimes used synonymously with authors' editor is "manuscript editor" which, however, is less precise as it also refers to editors employed by scholarly journals to edit manuscripts after acceptance (in place of the term copy editor).Authors' editors usually work with academic authors, researchers, and scientists writing scholarly journal articles, books and grant proposals. Thus, the authors' editor facilitates the academic writing process by acting before submission or peer review. Authors' editors may also help authors revise manuscripts after peer review, but once the document is accepted for publication the collaboration ends (and other editors, for example, a copy editor or production editor, take over). |
EasyNumber | EasyNumber (acronym reading "Enterprise Access SYstem Number") is a Business information identifier provided by the Easynumber Company, a joint venture between the Companies Creditreform and Coface. It is sequentially allocated to any type of private or public organization, operating business or services providers, domestically or internationally, regardless the country of origin or the operating industry.
This international identifier, based on an open approach, matches with multiple National identification number's sources. |
C0299 RNA | The C0299 RNA family consists of a group of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli RNA genes which are 78 bases in length and are found between the hlyE and umuD genes. The function of this RNA is unknown. |
Flow cups | Flow cups are designed to accurately measure the viscosity of paints, inks, varnishes and similar products.
The process of flow through an orifice can often be used as a relative measurement and classification of viscosity. |
Bubble raft | A bubble raft is an array of bubbles. It demonstrates materials' microstructural and atomic length-scale behavior by modelling the {111} plane of a close-packed crystal. A material's observable and measurable mechanical properties strongly depend on its atomic and microstructural configuration and characteristics. This fact is intentionally ignored in continuum mechanics, which assumes a material to have no underlying microstructure and be uniform and semi-infinite throughout. |
Czenakowski distance | The Czenakowski distance (sometimes shortened as CZD) is a per-pixel quality metric that estimates quality or similarity by measuring differences between pixels. Because it compares vectors with strictly non-negative elements, it is often used to compare colored images, as color values cannot be negative. This different approach has a better correlation with subjective quality assessment than PSNR. |
Extrastriate body area | The extrastriate body area (EBA) is a subpart of the extrastriate visual cortex involved in the visual perception of human body and body parts, akin in its respective domain to the fusiform face area, involved in the perception of human faces. The EBA was identified in 2001 by the team of Nancy Kanwisher using fMRI. |
Crown Bioscience International | Crown Bioscience is a global contract research organization (CRO) that provides preclinical and translational research services to accelerate drug discovery and development. Founded in 2006, Crown Bioscience is headquartered in San Diego, California. It also has 14 other sites throughout the United States, Europe, and APAC. The company offers platforms and services to advance oncology, immuno-oncology, immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and cystopathic diseases. |
Metropolitan Railway electric multiple units | Metropolitan Railway electric multiple units were used on London's Metropolitan Railway after the lines were electrified in the early 20th century. |
AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator | AIDA is a freeware computer program that permits the interactive simulation of plasma insulin and blood glucose profiles for demonstration, teaching, self-learning, and research purposes. Originally developed in 1991, it has been updated and enhanced since, and made available without charge from 1996 on the World Wide Web. The program, which is still being updated, has gone through a number of revisions and developments in the 16+ years since its original internet launch. During this time over 2.5 million visits have been logged at the AIDA Websites and more than 400,000 copies of the program have been downloaded. Further copies of the simulator have been made available, in the past, on diskette by the system developers and from the British Diabetic Association (BDA) — now called 'Diabetes UK' — London, England, following the BDA's own independent evaluation of the software. More than 1,075,000 diabetes simulations have been run via a web-based version of the AIDA diabetes simulator. |
Rational quadratic covariance function | In statistics, the rational quadratic covariance function is used in spatial statistics, geostatistics, machine learning, image analysis, and other fields where multivariate statistical analysis is conducted on metric spaces. It is commonly used to define the statistical covariance between measurements made at two points that are d units distant from each other. Since the covariance only depends on distances between points, it is stationary. If the distance is Euclidean distance, the rational quadratic covariance function is also isotropic. |
Microwave thermotherapy | Microwave thermotherapy is a type of treatment in which body tissue is heated by microwave irradiation to damage and kill cancer cells or to make cancer cells more sensitive to the effects of radiation and certain anticancer drugs. |
Trestolone | Trestolone, also known as 7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT), is an experimental androgen/anabolic steroid (AAS) and progestogen medication which has been under development for potential use as a form of hormonal birth control for men and in androgen replacement therapy for low testosterone levels in men but has never been marketed for medical use. It is given as an implant that is placed into fat. As trestolone acetate, an androgen ester and prodrug of trestolone, the medication can also be given by injection into muscle.Side effects of trestolone use in men include low estrogen levels and associated symptoms such as reduced sexual function and decreased bone mineral density among others. Trestolone is an AAS, and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor, the biological target of androgens like testosterone. It is also a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. Due to its androgenic and progestogenic activity, trestolone has antigonadotropic effects. These effects result in reversible suppression of sperm production and are responsible for the contraceptive effects of trestolone in men.Trestolone was first described in 1963. Subsequently, it was not studied again until 1990. Development of trestolone for potential clinical use started by 1993 and continued thereafter. No additional development appears to have been conducted since 2013. The medication was developed by the Population Council, a non-profit, non-governmental organization dedicated to reproductive health. |
Nickel(II) fluoride | Nickel(II) fluoride is the chemical compound with the formula NiF2. It is an ionic compound of nickel and fluorine and forms yellowish to green tetragonal crystals. Unlike many fluorides, NiF2 is stable in air. |
ITIH4 | Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITIH4 gene. |
Icosidodecahedron | In geometry, an icosidodecahedron is a polyhedron with twenty (icosi) triangular faces and twelve (dodeca) pentagonal faces. An icosidodecahedron has 30 identical vertices, with two triangles and two pentagons meeting at each, and 60 identical edges, each separating a triangle from a pentagon. As such it is one of the Archimedean solids and more particularly, a quasiregular polyhedron. |
Ovalbumin | Ovalbumin (abbreviated OVA) is the main protein found in egg white, making up approximately 55% of the total protein. Ovalbumin displays sequence and three-dimensional homology to the serpin superfamily, but unlike most serpins it is not a serine protease inhibitor. The function of ovalbumin is unknown, although it is presumed to be a storage protein. |
Loren Williams | Loren Dean Williams is a biophysicist, biochemist, astrobiologist, and professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. His research seeks to understand the structural basis for macromolecular reactions, from the role of nucleic acids as targets of chemotherapeutics to the ancestral biochemistry of the ribosome during the origin of life. |
Concert production | Concert production is the act of putting on a concert or a live music performance. As an individual's role, this refers to the person coordinating all the staff and equipment necessary to make a concert happen; they monitor the schedule, pay the staff, act as a hub for communication between team members, and generally make sure the event runs smoothly. The role of a concert producer or concert promoter is best filled by a person with good organizational skills, a diplomatic demeanor, and plenty of charisma. As a company's role, concert production may also include the responsibility of booking the musicians, marketing the concert, and the financial loss or gain of the event. Over the last 10 years, the number of independent concert producers in the United States has diminished greatly due to acquisition of smaller firms by large national companies. |
COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea | The COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reached Guinea in March 2020. |
Jazz DSP | The Jazz DSP, by Improv Systems, is a VLIW embedded digital signal processor architecture with a 2-stage instruction pipeline, and single-cycle execution units. The baseline DSP includes one arithmetic logic unit (ALU), dual memory interfaces, and the control unit (instruction decoder, branch control, task control). Most aspects of the architecture, such as the number and sizes of Memory Interface Units (MIU) or the types and number of Computation Units (CU), datapath width (16 or 32-bit), the number of interrupts and priority levels, and debugging support may be independently configured using a proprietary graphical user interface (GUI) tool. A key feature of the architecture allows the user to add custom instructions and/or custom execution units to enhance the performance of their application. Typical Jazz DSP performance can exceed 1000 million operations per second (MOPS) at a modest 100 MHz clock frequency. Please refer to the EEMBC Benchmark site for more details on Jazz DSP performance as compared to other benchmarked processors. |
ProbCons | ProbCons is an open source probabilistic consistency-based multiple alignment of amino acid sequences. It is one of the most efficient protein multiple sequence alignment programs, since it has repeatedly demonstrated a statistically significant advantage in accuracy over similar tools, including Clustal and MAFFT. |
Star Ace | Star Ace is a role-playing game published by Pacesetter Ltd in 1984. |
Congenital self-healing reticulohistiocytosis | Congenital self-healing reticulohistiocytosis is a condition that is a self-limited form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.: 720 |
Fleischer ring | Fleischer rings are pigmented rings in the peripheral cornea, resulting from iron deposition in basal epithelial cells, in the form of hemosiderin. They are usually yellowish to dark-brown, and may be complete or broken. The rings are best seen using the slit lamp under cobalt blue filter.They are named for Bruno Fleischer.Fleischer rings are indicative of keratoconus, a degenerative corneal condition that causes the cornea to thin and change to a conic shape. |
Poetry slam | A poetry slam is a competitive art event in which poets perform spoken word poetry before a live audience and a panel of judges. While formats can vary, slams are often loud and lively, with audience participation, cheering and dramatic delivery. Hip-hop music and urban culture are strong influences, and backgrounds of participants tend to be diverse.Poetry slams began in Chicago in 1984, with the first slam competition designed to move poetry recitals from academia to a popular audience. American poet Marc Smith, believing the poetry scene at the time was "too structured and stuffy", began experimenting by attending open-microphone poetry readings, and then turning them into slams by introducing the element of competition.The performances at a poetry slam are judged as much on enthusiasm and style as content, and poets may compete as individuals or in teams. The judging is often handled by a panel of judges, typically five, who are usually selected from the audience. Sometimes the poets are judged by audience response. |
Sulfafurazole | Sulfafurazole (INN, also known as sulfisoxazole) is a sulfonamide antibacterial with an dimethyl-isoxazole substituent. It possesses antibiotic activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. It is sometimes given in combination with erythromycin (see erythromycin/Sulfafurazole) or phenazopyridine. It is used locally in a 4% solution or ointment. |
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