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Catamorphism | In category theory, the concept of catamorphism (from the Ancient Greek: κατά "downwards" and μορφή "form, shape") denotes the unique homomorphism from an initial algebra into some other algebra.
In functional programming, catamorphisms provide generalizations of folds of lists to arbitrary algebraic data types, which can be described as initial algebras. The dual concept is that of anamorphism that generalize unfolds. A hylomorphism is the composition of an anamorphism followed by a catamorphism. |
Xerox DocuShare | DocuShare is a content management system developed by Xerox Corporation. DocuShare makes use of open standards and allows for managing content, integrating it with other business systems, and developing customized and packaged software applications. |
Immunodeficiency 26 | Immunodeficiency 26 is a rare genetic syndrome. It is characterised by absent circulating B and T cells and normal natural killer cells. |
Linolenic acid | Linolenic acid is a type of naturally-occurring fatty acid. It can refer to either of two octadecatrienoic acids (i.e. with an 18-carbon chain and three double bonds, which are found in the cis configuration), or a mixture of the two. Linolenate (in the form of triglyceride esters of linolenic acid) is often found in vegetable oils; traditionally, such fatty acylates are reported as the fatty acids: α-Linolenic acid, an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid γ-Linolenic acid, an omega-6 (n-6) fatty acid |
Azelaic acid | Azelaic acid (AzA) is an organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH2)7COOH. This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley. It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners. AzA inhibits tyrosinase. |
Vinyl halide | In organic chemistry, a vinyl halide is a compound with the formula CH2=CHX (X = halide). The term vinyl is often used to describe any alkenyl group. For this reason, alkenyl halides with the formula RCH=CHX are sometimes called vinyl halides. From the perspective of applications, the dominant member of this class of compounds is vinyl chloride, which is produced on the scale of millions of tons per year as a precursor to polyvinyl chloride. Polyvinyl fluoride is another commercial product. Related compounds include vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride. |
Decene | Decene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C10H20. Decene contains a chain of ten carbon atoms with one double bond, making it an alkene. There are many isomers of decene depending on the position and geometry of the double bond. Dec-1-ene is the only isomer of industrial importance. As an alpha olefin, it is used as a comonomer in copolymers and is an intermediate in the production of epoxides, amines, oxo alcohols, synthetic lubricants, synthetic fatty acids and alkylated aromatics.The industrial processes used in the production of dec-1-ene are oligomerization of ethylene by the Ziegler process or by the cracking of petrochemical waxes.In ethenolysis, methyl oleate, the methyl ester of oleic acid, converts to 1-decene and methyl 9-decenoate: CH CH CH CH CH CO Me methyl oleate CH CH CH CH CH CH 1-decene MeO CH CH CH 9-decenoate Dec-1-ene has been isolated from the leaves and rhizome of the plant Farfugium japonicum and has been detected as the initial product in the microbial degradation of n-decane. |
Computational Biology and Chemistry | Computational Biology and Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier covering all areas of computational life sciences. The current editor-in-chief are Wentian Li (The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research) and Donald Hamelberg (Georgia State University). The journal was established in 1976 as Computers & Chemistry, with DeLos F. DeTar (Florida State University) as its first editor. It obtained its current title in 2003 under the editorship of Andrzej K Konopka and James Crabble (University of Bedfordshire). |
Mast cell leukemia | Mast cell leukemia is an extremely aggressive subtype of acute myeloid leukemia that usually occurs de novo but can, rarely, evolve from transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia into the more aggressive acute myeloid leukemia. In a small proportion of cases, acute mast cell leukemia may evolve from a more progressive form of systemic mastocytosis. The diagnosis of acute mast cell leukemia by the WHO criteria includes the requirement for a prevalence of 20% neoplastic mast cells in marrow and 10% in blood. If the mast cells represent less than 10% of blood cells, the tumor is called "aleukemic" mast cell leukemia. |
Applied Sciences (journal) | Applied Sciences is a semi-monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering all aspects of applied physics, applied chemistry, applied biology, and engineering, environmental, and earth sciences. It was established in 2011 and is published by MDPI. The editor-in-chief is Takayoshi Kobayashi (University of Electro-Communications). |
U-turn | A U-turn in driving refers to performing a 180° rotation to reverse the direction of travel. It is called a "U-turn" because the maneuver looks like the letter U. In some areas, the maneuver is illegal, while in others, it is treated as a more ordinary turn, merely extended. In still other areas, lanes are occasionally marked "U-turn permitted" or even "U-turn only." Occasionally, on a divided highway, special U-turn ramps exist to allow traffic to make a U-turn, though often their use is restricted to emergency and police vehicles only. |
202-CoV | 202-CoV is a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by Shanghai Zerun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Walvax Biotech. It is one of several candidates under development by Walvax. |
Renews Head Formation | The Renews Head Formation is a geologic formation in Newfoundland and Labrador. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ediacaran period. |
BatchMaster Software | BatchMaster Software is a software company that develops Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution. |
Bregman Lagrangian | The Bregman-Lagrangian framework permits a systematic understanding of the matching rates associated with higher-order gradient methods in discrete and continuous time. |
Nectarivore | In zoology, a nectarivore is an animal which derives its energy and nutrient requirements from a diet consisting mainly or exclusively of the sugar-rich nectar produced by flowering plants. |
Meter data management | Meter data management (MDM) refers to software that performs long-term data storage and management for the vast quantities of data delivered by smart metering systems. This data consists primarily of usage data and events that are imported from the head-end servers managing the data collection in advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) or automatic meter reading (AMR) systems. MDM is a component in the smart grid infrastructure promoted by utility companies. This may also incorporate meter data analytics, the analysis of data emitted by electric smart meters that record consumption of electric energy. |
Dual Work Exchanger Energy Recovery | The Dual Work Exchanger Energy Recovery (DWEER) is an energy recovery device. In the 1990s developed by DWEER Bermuda and licensed by Calder AG for use in the Caribbean. Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) needs high pressure and some of the reject stream can be reused by using this device. According to Calder AG, 97% of the energy in the reject stream is recovered. The DWEER system uses a piston doublechamber reciprocating hydraulically driven pump, and a patented valve system in a high pressure batch process with large pressure vessels, similar to a locomotive, to capture and transfer the energy lost in the membrane reject stream. Its advantage is its high efficiency rate, but it suffers from complex and large mechanical components which are susceptible to corrosion from seawater due to its metal composition. |
DEMOnstration Power Plant | DEMO refers to a proposed class of nuclear fusion experimental reactors that are intended to demonstrate the net production of electric power from nuclear fusion. Most of the ITER partners have plans for their own DEMO-class reactors. With the possible exception of the EU and Japan, there are no plans for international collaboration as there was with ITER.Plans for DEMO-class reactors are intended to build upon the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor.The most well-known and documented DEMO-class reactor design is that of the European Union (EU). The following parameters have been used as a baseline for design studies: the EU DEMO should produce at least 2000 megawatts (2 gigawatts) of fusion power on a continuous basis, and it should produce 25 times as much power as required for scientific breakeven, which does not include the power required to operate the reactor. The EU DEMO design of 2 to 4 gigawatts of thermal output will be on the scale of a modern electric power station. However, the nominal value of the steam turbine is 790 megawatts, which, after overcoming a 5% loss because of the coupling from the turbine to the synchronous generator, results in a nominal value for electrical power output of approximately 750 megawatts.:5 To achieve its goals, if utilizing a conventional tokamak design, a DEMO reactor must have linear dimensions about 15% larger than ITER, and a plasma density about 30% greater than ITER. According to timeline from EUROfusion, operation is planned to begin in 2051.It is estimated that subsequent commercial fusion reactors could be built for about a quarter of the cost of DEMO. However, the ITER experience suggests that development of a multi-billion US dollar tokamak-based technology innovation cycle able to develop fusion power stations that can compete with non-fusion energy technologies is likely to encounter the "valley of death" problem in venture capital, i.e., insufficient investment to go beyond prototypes, as DEMO tokamaks will need to develop new supply chains and are labor intensive. |
Monitoring as a service | Monitoring as a service (MaaS) is one of many cloud computing delivery models under anything as a service (XaaS). It is a framework that facilitates the deployment of monitoring functionalities for various other services and applications within the cloud. The most common application for MaaS is online state monitoring, which continuously tracks certain states of applications, networks, systems, instances or any element that may be deployable within the cloud. |
Pedersen process | The Pederson process is a process of refining aluminum that first separates iron by reducing it to metal, and reacting alumina with lime to produce calcium aluminate, which is then leached with sodium hydroxide. It is more environmentally friendly than the more well-known Bayer process. This is because instead of producing alumina slag, also known as red mud, it produces pig iron as a byproduct. Red mud is considered both an economic and environmental challenge in the aluminum industry because it is considered a waste, with little benefit. It destroys the environment with its high pH, and is costly to maintain, even when in a landfill. Iron, however, is used in the manufacture of steel, and has structural uses in civil engineering and chemical uses as a catalyst. |
Fast Virtual Disk | Fast Virtual Disk (better known as FVD) is a virtualization-oriented disk image file format developed by IBM for the QEMU virtualization platform. It differs from existing paravirtualization-centric virtual disk image formats through a design that emphasizes lack of contention and separation of concerns between the host and guest kernels through deduplication of filesystem and block layer storage management.
FVD can be written either directly to a physical or logical blockstore (avoiding host filesystem overheads), or to a regular host file system file. It strives to maintain similarity to raw disk layouts, eliminate host filesystem and disk image compression overheads, and minimize metadata-related overheads. |
Curses (programming library) | curses is a terminal control library for Unix-like systems, enabling the construction of text user interface (TUI) applications.
The name is a pun on the term "cursor optimization". It is a library of functions that manage an application's display on character-cell terminals (e.g., VT100). |
Ytterbium-doped lutetium orthovanadate | Ytterbium-doped Lutetium orthovanadate, typically abbreviated Yb:LuVO4, is an active laser medium. The peak absorption cross section for the pi-polarization is 8.42×10−20 cm² at 985 nm, and the stimulated emission cross section at 1020 nm is 1.03×10−20 cm². |
Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 | The Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 is a digital mirrorless interchangeable lens camera adhering to the Olympus and Panasonic developed Micro Four Thirds System (MFT) system design standard. It was announced in March 2010 along with a lesser featured Panasonic Lumix DMC-G10.Introduced as successor to the Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1, the G2 included 720p HD video capability using both AVCHD Lite and Motion JPEG recording formats. |
Neotonality | Neotonality (or neocentricity) is an inclusive term referring to musical compositions of the twentieth century in which the tonality of the common-practice period (i.e. functional harmony and tonic-dominant relationships) is replaced by one or several nontraditional tonal conceptions, such as tonal assertion or contrapuntal motion around a central chord. |
Simca Profissional | The Simca Profissional was a successor to the Simca Alvorada, which was itself a stripped version of the entry level Simca Chambord. Simca do Brasil had responded reluctantly to the demand by the Brazilian government of president Juscelino Kubitschek that every car manufacturer must offer an affordable basic version within their range. The idea was to give as many Brazilians as possible the opportunity to own a car. |
Null (radio) | In radio electronics, a null is a direction in an antenna's radiation pattern where the antenna radiates almost no radio waves, so the far field signal strength is a local minimum. Nulls occur because different parts of an antenna radiate radio waves of different phase. In directions at which the antenna radiates equal amplitude radio waves of opposite phase, the radio waves cancel, resulting in little or no radio power being radiated in that direction. In other directions the radio waves from different parts of the antenna are in phase and reinforce, resulting in a maximum signal strength in the radiation pattern, called a lobe. |
Benzene | Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. Because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon.Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum and is one of the elementary petrochemicals. Due to the cyclic continuous pi bonds between the carbon atoms, benzene is classed as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Benzene is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell, and is partially responsible for the aroma of gasoline. It is used primarily as a precursor to the manufacture of chemicals with more complex structure, such as ethylbenzene and cumene, of which billions of kilograms are produced annually. Although benzene is a major industrial chemical, it finds limited use in consumer items because of its toxicity. Benzene is a volatile organic compound. |
Endrin | Endrin is an organochlorine compound with the chemical formula C12H8Cl6O that was first produced in 1950 by Shell and Velsicol Chemical Corporation. It was primarily used as an insecticide, as well as a rodenticide and piscicide. It is a colourless, odorless solid, although commercial samples are often off-white. Endrin was manufactured as an emulsifiable solution known commercially as Endrex. The compound became infamous as a persistent organic pollutant and for this reason it is banned in many countries.In the environment endrin exists as either endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone and can be found mainly in bottom sediments of bodies of water. Exposure to endrin can occur by inhalation, ingestion of substances containing the compound, or skin contact. Upon entering the body, it can be stored in body fats and can act as a neurotoxin on the central nervous system, which can cause convulsions, seizures, or even death.Although endrin is not currently classified as a mutagen, nor as a human carcinogen, it is still a toxic chemical in other ways with detrimental effects. Due to these toxic effects, the manufacturers cancelled all use of endrin in the United States by 1991. Food import concerns have been raised because some countries may have still been using endrin as a pesticide. |
ABT-724 | ABT-724 is a drug which acts as a dopamine agonist, and is selective for the D4 subtype. It was developed as a possible drug for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, although poor oral bioavailability means alternative drugs such as ABT-670 may be more likely to be developed commercially. Nonetheless, it continues to be used in scientific research into the function of the D4 receptor. |
Cigarette receptacle | A cigarette receptacle is a container or device for extinguishing and disposing of cigarette waste. Other common names for cigarette receptacles include: ash urns, ash pans, cigarette butt receptacles, butt bins, butt holders, snuffers, smokers poles, cigarette waste receptacles, smokers waste receptacles, and ash/trash combinations. Originally provided as a courtesy to smokers in public places, cigarette receptacles are now commonplace as smoking bans and designated smoking areas require proper disposal methods. A typical receptacle can hold hundreds — even thousands — of disposed cigarette butts. |
Egg jelly | Egg jelly (extracellular layer, jelly coat) is a gelatinous layer that surrounds the oocytes of many organisms and releases species-specific chemoattractants that activate and guide sperm to the oocyte. The release of chemoattractants is species dependent. For example, sperm in Lytechinus variegatus, the green sea urchin, are not chemotactically attracted to the jelly or the egg. The egg jelly is located immediately surrounding the vitelline envelope and consists primarily of a network of short peptides and sulfated fucan glycoproteins. These short peptides diffuse into the surrounding area and stimulate respiration and movement of the sperm to the egg. An example of such a peptide is resact, which has been studied as the primary means of attracting and orientating sperm to the eggs in sea urchins. The sulfated fucan glycoproteins play an important role in binding to sperm receptors and triggering the acrosomal reaction.Many other functions for the egg jelly have been proposed including sperm agglomeration, protection from mechanical stress and polyspermy, and increasing the size of the egg to improve its chances of colliding with sperm. For echinoderms the jelly coat can increase the diameter of the egg by more than 100%, making it efficient in enhancing fertilization. In female P. shqipericus, the Albanian water frog, the jelly coat cause sperm to become motile and move faster. For this species of frog, the sperm must interact with the jelly coat for the egg to be successfully fertilized.Unlike the egg cell, jelly coats do not provide the embryo nutrients. In addition to the sea urchin, egg jelly appears in many species including invertebrates and mammals. Egg jelly can vary in composition and complexity from the relatively homogenous single layer sea urchin egg to the three layer egg jelly in starfish.There is an increasing concern in how ocean acidification will affect the fertilization of eggs. In H. tuberculate, low pH can damage the eggs chemical influence on sperm mobility and velocity. |
Ventral reticular nucleus | The ventral reticular nucleus is a continuation of the parvocellular nucleus in the brainstem. The ventral reticular nucleus has been shown to receive afferent projections from the dentate gyrus in rabbits.The rostral portion of the ventral reticular nucleus has been shown to mediate inspiration along with a portion of the lateral reticular nucleus. |
Eyebar | In structural engineering and construction, an eyebar is a straight bar, usually of metal, with a hole ("eye") at each end for fixing to other components. Eyebars are used in structures such as bridges, in settings in which only tension, and never compression, is applied. Also referred to as "pin- and eyebar construction" in instances where pins are being used. |
Scribe (log server) | Scribe was a server for aggregating log data streamed in real-time from many servers. It was designed to be scalable, extensible without client-side modification, and robust to failure of the network or any specific machine. |
HDDerase | HDDerase is a freeware utility that securely erases data on hard drives using the Secure Erase unit command built into the firmware of Parallel ATA and Serial ATA drives manufactured after 2001. HDDerase was developed by the Center for Magnetic Recording Research at the University of California, San Diego. HDDerase is designed for command-line use only.
It differs from other file deletion programs such as Darik's Boot and Nuke which attempt to erase data using block writes which cannot access certain portions of the hard drive. The internal firmware Secure Erase command can access data that is no longer accessible through software, such as bad blocks. |
Flour sack | A flour sack or flour bag is a bag or sack for flour. Large bulk bags as well as smaller consumer sizes are available. |
Post-chorus | In music, particularly Western popular music, a post-chorus (or postchorus) is a section that appears after the chorus. The term can be used generically for any section that comes after a chorus, but more often refers to a section that has similar character to the chorus, but is distinguishable in close analysis. The concept of a post-chorus has been particularly popularized and analyzed by music theorist Asaf Peres, who is followed in this article. |
Bongcloud Attack | The Bongcloud Attack (or Bongcloud Opening) is an irregular chess opening that consists of the moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Ke2?It is considered a joke opening and is associated with internet chess humor. Twitch streamers such as grandmaster (GM) Hikaru Nakamura have used it in online blitz chess, including in games against high-level opponents, as has former world champion Magnus Carlsen. The name has also been applied to other opening sequences in which a player moves the king on move two. |
Nanostray 2 | Nanostray 2 is a scrolling shooter video game for the Nintendo DS, and is the sequel to the original Nanostray. The game was released in 2008. |
Customer base | The customer base is a group of customers who repeatedly purchase the goods or services of a business. These customers are a main source of revenue for a company. The customer base may be considered a business's target market, where customer behaviors are well understood through market research or past experience. Relying on a customer base can make growth and innovation difficult.Companies with a customer base consisting mainly of large companies may increase their customer base by pursuing small and mid-size companies. |
Zirconium acetylacetonate | Zirconium acetylacetonate is the coordination complex with the formula Zr(C5H7O2)4. It is a common acetylacetonate of zirconium. It is a white solid that exhibits high solubility in nonpolar organic solvents, but not simple hydrocarbons.The complex is prepared by treating zirconium oxychloride with acetylacetone: ZrOCl2 + 4 Hacac → Zr(acac)4 + 2 HCl + H2OThe complex has a square antiprismatic geometry with eight nearly equivalent Zr-O bonds of length 2.19 Å. The molecular symmetry is D2, i.e. the complex is chiral. Compounds of high coordination number tend to be stereochemically nonrigid as indicated by the observation of one methyl signal by proton NMR spectroscopy.More volatile than Zr(acac)4 is the related complex of 1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetonate. |
Exocrine pancreas cell | An exocrine pancreas cell is a pancreatic cell that produces enzymes that are secreted into the small intestine. These enzymes help digest food by releasing enzymes as it passes through the gastrointestinal tract. These include acinar cells, which secrete bicarbonate solution and mucin. |
Isotoluene | The isotoluenes in organic chemistry are the non-aromatic toluene isomers with an exocyclic double bond. They are of some academic interest in relation to aromaticity and isomerisation mechanisms.The three basic isotoluenes are ortho-isotoluene or 5-methylene-1,3-cyclohexadiene (here labelled 1); para-isotoluene (2); and meta-isotoluene (3). Another structural isomer is the bicyclic compound 5-methylenebicyclo[2.2.0] hexene (4).
The o- and p-isotoluenes isomerise to toluene, a reaction driven by aromatic stabilisation. It is estimated that these compounds are 96 kJ mol−1 less stable.
The isomerisation of p-isotoluene to toluene takes place at 100 °C in benzene with bimolecular reaction kinetics by an intermolecular free radical reaction. The intramolecular isomerisation, a 1,3-sigmatropic reaction, is unfavorable because an antarafacial mode is enforced. Other dimer radical reaction products are formed as well. |
Gondola (retail) | A gondola (usually pronounced in this context) is a freestanding fixture used by retailers to display merchandise. Gondolas typically consist of a flat base and a vertical component featuring notches, pegboards, or slatwalls. The vertical piece can be fitted with shelves, hooks, or other displays. Gondolas placed end-to-end can form rows of shelving, while stand-alone gondolas tend to be used for special themed displays. A gondola placed perpendicular to the end of a row of other gondolas can be used as an endcap. In Europe, gondola normally refers to double-sided shop shelving. In clothing stores, merchandising is carried out using 3-specialized shelving for clothing, and makes it possible to highlight specific products to increase the average basket at the checkout. |
High-speed door | High-speed doors are door systems, mainly used in industrial applications. They are technical enhancements of the generally known sectional doors, PVC fabric doors or roller shutters. The main difference is that the durable construction provides a higher operating speed and they are able to sustain a higher number of cycles (opening and closing cycles) and require lower maintenance and repair cost. Depending on the intended field of application, horizontal or vertical operating door types are available. |
ISO 639-1 | ISO 639-1:2002, Codes for the representation of names of languages—Part 1: Alpha-2 code, is the first part of the ISO 639 series of international standards for language codes. Part 1 covers the registration of two-letter codes. There are 183 two-letter codes registered as of June 2021. The registered codes cover the world's major languages.
These codes are a useful international and formal shorthand for indicating languages.
Many multilingual web sites use these codes to prefix URLs of specific language versions of their web sites, for example, "ru." before the website name is the Russian version of that website. See also IETF language tag. (Two-letter country-specific top-level-domain code suffixes are often different from these language-tag prefixes). |
Cutscene | A cutscene or event scene (sometimes in-game cinematic or in-game movie) is a sequence in a video game that is not interactive, interrupting the gameplay. Such scenes are used to show conversations between characters, set the mood, reward the player, introduce newer models and gameplay elements, show the effects of a player's actions, create emotional connections, improve pacing or foreshadow future events.Cutscenes often feature "on the fly" rendering, using the gameplay graphics to create scripted events. Cutscenes can also be pre-rendered computer graphics streamed from a video file. Pre-made videos used in video games (either during cutscenes or during the gameplay itself) are referred to as "full motion videos" or "FMVs". Cutscenes can also appear in other forms, such as a series of images or as plain text and audio. |
Orgastic potency | Within the work of the Austrian psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957), orgastic potency is a human's natural ability to experience an orgasm with certain psychosomatic characteristics and resulting in full sexual gratification.For Reich, "orgastic impotence" is an acquired fear of sexual excitation, resulting in the inability to find full sexual gratification (not to be confused with anorgasmia, the inability to reach orgasm). This always resulted in neurosis, according to Reich, because that person could never discharge all built-up libido, which Reich regarded as actual biological or bioelectric energy. According to Reich, "not a single neurotic individual possesses orgastic potency" and, inversely, all people free from neuroses have orgastic potency.Reich coined the term orgastic potency in 1924 and described the concept in his 1927 book Die Funktion des Orgasmus, the manuscript of which he presented to Sigmund Freud on the latter's 70th birthday. Though Reich regarded his work as complementing Freud's original theory of anxiety neurosis, Freud was ambivalent in his reception. Freud's view was that there was no single cause of neurosis.Reich continued to use the concept as a foundation of a person's psychosexual health in his later therapeutic methods, such as character analysis and vegetotherapy. During the period 1933–1937, he attempted to ground his orgasm theory in physiology, both theoretically and experimentally, as he published in the articles: The Orgasm as an Electrophysiological Discharge (1934), Sexuality and Anxiety: The Basic Antithesis of Vegetative Life (1934) and The Bioelectrical Function of Sexuality and Anxiety (1937). |
Aperiodic graph | In the mathematical area of graph theory, a directed graph is said to be aperiodic if there is no integer k > 1 that divides the length of every cycle of the graph. Equivalently, a graph is aperiodic if the greatest common divisor of the lengths of its cycles is one; this greatest common divisor for a graph G is called the period of G. |
Super Mario Maker 2 | Super Mario Maker 2 is a 2019 side-scrolling platform game and level creation system developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch. It is the sequel to Super Mario Maker and was released worldwide on June 28, 2019. The gameplay is largely retained from that of its predecessor, in which players create their own custom courses using assets from various games across the Super Mario franchise and share them online. Super Mario Maker 2 introduces new features and course assets, including a single player story mode and new level assets based on Super Mario 3D World. |
Ticktack | Ticktack or Tick-Tack, is an historical English tables game for two players using a board similar to that used today for Backgammon and other tables games. Like its much more elaborate French counterpart, Trictrac, it has the unusual feature that there are several different ways in which it can be won, including Toots and Rovers. |
Sulfosalt mineral | Sulfosalt minerals are sulfide minerals with the general formula AmBnXp, where A represents a metal such as copper, lead, silver, iron, and rarely mercury, zinc, vanadium B usually represents semi-metal such as arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and rarely germanium, or metals like tin and rarely vanadium X is sulfur or rarely selenium and/or tellurium.The Strunz classification includes the sulfosalts in a sulfides and sulfosalts superclass. A group which have similar appearing formulas are the sulfarsenides (for example cobaltite (Co,Fe)AsS). In sulfarsenides the arsenic substitutes for sulfide anions whereas in the sulfosalts the arsenic substitutes for a metal cation.About 200 sulfosalt minerals are known. Examples include: A3BX3 type Pyrargyrite Ag3SbS3 Proustite Ag3AsS3 Tetrahedrite Cu12Sb4S13 Tennantite Cu12As4S13 A3BX4 type Enargite Cu3AsS4 Sulvanite Cu3VS4 Samsonite Ag4MnSb2S6 Geocronite Pb14(Sb,As)6S23 Gratonite Pb9As4S15 A2BX3 type Bournonite PbCuSbS3 Seligmannite PbCuAsS3 Aikinite PbCuBiS3 ABX2 type Boulangerite Pb5Sb4S11 Matildite AgBiS2 Smithite AgAsS2 Chalcostibite CuSbS2 Emplectite CuBiS2 Teallite PbSnS2 A2B2X5 type Ramdohrite Ag3Pb6Sb11S24 Jamesonite Pb4FeSb6S14 Cosalite Pb2Bi2S5 A2B3X6 type Andorite PbAgSb3S6 Lindstromite Pb3Cu3Bi7S15 AB2X4 type Zinkenite Pb9Sb22S42 Berthierite FeSb2S4 Cylindrite Pb3Sn4FeSb2S14 |
Coenzyme Q5, methyltransferase | Coenzyme Q5, methyltransferase, more commonly known as COQ5, is an enzyme involved in the electron transport chain. COQ5 is located within the mitochondrial matrix and is a part of the biosynthesis of ubiquinone. |
Moldable wood | Moldable wood is a strong and flexible cellulose-based material. Moldable wood can be folded into different shapes without breaking or snapping. The patented synthesis is based on the deconstruction and softening of the wood's lignin, then re-swelling the material in a rapid "water-shock" process that produces a wrinkled cell wall structure. The result of this unique structure is a flexible wood material that can be molded or folded, with the final shape locked in plate by simple air-drying. This discovery broadens the potential applications of wood as a sustainable structural material. This research, which was a collaborative effort between the University of Maryland, Yale University, Ohio State University, USDA Forest Service, University of Bristol, University of North Texas, ETH Zurich, and the Center for Materials Innovation, was published on the cover of Science in October 2021. |
NOBOX | Homeobox protein NOBOX, also known as newborn ovary homeobox protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOBOX gene. The official symbol (NOBOX) and the official full name (NOBOX oogenesis homeobox) are maintained by the HGNC. The NOBOX gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, cow, mouse, and rat. There are 175 organisms that have orthologs with human gene NOBOX. It is capable of regulating other genes that are important in the development of follicles. Follicles do not develop and oocytes decrease in its absence which lead to infertility. |
Suppliers and Parts database | The Suppliers and Parts database is an example relational database that is referred to extensively in the literature and described in detail in C. J. Date's An Introduction to Database Systems, 8th ed. It is a simple database comprising three tables: Supplier, Part and Shipment, and is often used as a minimal exemplar of the interrelationships found in a database. |
UBE2J1 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2J1 gene.The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, or E1s, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, or E2s, and ubiquitin-protein ligases, or E3s. This gene encodes a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. This enzyme is located in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and may contribute to quality control ER-associated degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. |
Panel painting | A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings. |
Snapforce CRM | Snapforce CRM is a comprehensive Customer relationship management (CRM) SaaS application, developed by Snapforce.com. Primary use case is customer management and sales automation, although it can also be configured with telephony support.Additional software components include customer databases, customer interaction tracking, reporting, and workflow automation. |
MonoMouse | MonoMouse is a handheld electronic magnifier manufactured by Bierley, designed to help people with a visual impairment to read printed text or images.Originally developed by Ian Bierley in 2003 for use by his mother, who had glaucoma, and then later released as a commercial product supplied through opticians in 2005. The MonoMouse is shaped like an oversized computer mouse and connects to any television through either the SCART connector in Europe or the RCA connector in the rest of the world.It is an example of assistive technology to enable people with eye conditions like macular degeneration to read printed text and see printed images. |
Lexicographically minimal string rotation | In computer science, the lexicographically minimal string rotation or lexicographically least circular substring is the problem of finding the rotation of a string possessing the lowest lexicographical order of all such rotations. For example, the lexicographically minimal rotation of "bbaaccaadd" would be "aaccaaddbb". It is possible for a string to have multiple lexicographically minimal rotations, but for most applications this does not matter as the rotations must be equivalent. Finding the lexicographically minimal rotation is useful as a way of normalizing strings. If the strings represent potentially isomorphic structures such as graphs, normalizing in this way allows for simple equality checking. |
Solenoid bolt | A solenoid bolt is a type of electronic-mechanical locking mechanism. This type of lock is characterized by the use of a solenoid to throw the bolt. Sophisticated solenoid bolt locks may use microprocessors to perform voltage regulation, reduce power consumption, and/or provide access control. Depending on the strength of the solenoid, some models can provide a holding force on the order of 1000 kg. A solenoid bolt can be designed either to fail open (the lock opens on power loss) or to fail closed (the device is locked upon power loss). Some models may be suitable for high-security sites. |
Stoner–Wohlfarth astroid | In magnetism the Stoner–Wohlfarth astroid curve is a curve that separates regions with two minima of the free energy density from those with only one energy minimum. It is a geometric representation of the Stoner–Wohlfarth model. This curve is of particular importance as discontinuous changes of the magnetization can take place when crossing it.
One important property of the astroid is that tangents to the astroid represent magnetization directions with extremal energy, i.e. either local minima or local maxima. For a system with a uniaxial anisotropy the tangent(s) that are closest to the easy axis lead to stable solutions, i.e. minimal energy. |
Shopping mall | A shopping mall (or simply mall) is a North American term for a large indoor shopping center, usually anchored by department stores. The term "mall" originally meant a pedestrian promenade with shops along it (that is, the term was used to refer to the walkway itself which was merely bordered by such shops), but in the late 1960s, it began to be used as a generic term for the large enclosed shopping centers that were becoming commonplace at the time. In the U.K., such complexes are considered shopping centres (Commonwealth English: shopping centre), though "shopping center" covers many more sizes and types of centers than the North American "mall". Other countries may follow U.S. usage (Philippines, India, and U.A.E.) while still others (Australia, etc.) follow U.K. usage. In Canadian English, and often in Australia and New Zealand, the term 'mall' may be used informally but 'shopping centre' or merely 'centre' will feature in the name of the complex (such as Toronto Eaton Centre). The term 'mall' is less-commonly a part of the name of the complex. |
Mortification (theology) | Mortification in Christian theology to the subjective experience of Sanctification, the objective work of God between justification and glorification. It means the 'putting to death' of sin in a believer's life. (Colossians 3:5) Reformed theologian J.I. Packer describes it in the following way: "The Christian is committed to a lifelong fight against the world, the flesh and the devil. Mortification is his assault on the second." Christians believe that this internal work against sin is empowered by the Holy Spirit and so therefore is also part of regeneration. |
Necrotizing fasciitis | Necrotizing fasciitis (NF), also known as flesh-eating disease, is a bacterial infection that results in the death of parts of the body's soft tissue. It is a severe disease of sudden onset that spreads rapidly. Symptoms usually include red or purple skin in the affected area, severe pain, fever, and vomiting. The most commonly affected areas are the limbs and perineum.Typically, the infection enters the body through a break in the skin such as a cut or burn. Risk factors include poor immune function such as from diabetes or cancer, obesity, alcoholism, intravenous drug use, and peripheral artery disease. It does not typically spread between people. The disease is classified into four types, depending on the infecting organism. Between 55 and 80% of cases involve more than one type of bacteria. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is involved in up to a third of cases. Medical imaging is often helpful to confirm the diagnosis.Necrotizing fasciitis may be prevented with proper wound care and handwashing. It is usually treated with surgery to remove the infected tissue, and intravenous antibiotics. Often, a combination of antibiotics is used, such as penicillin G, clindamycin, IV vancomycin, and gentamicin. Delays in surgery are associated with a much higher risk of death. Despite high-quality treatment, the risk of death is between 25 and 35%.Necrotizing fasciitis occurs in about 0.4 people per 100,000 per year in the U.S., and about 1 per 100,000 in Western Europe. Both sexes are affected equally. It becomes more common among older people and is rare in children. It has been described at least since the time of Hippocrates. The term "necrotizing fasciitis" first came into use in 1952. |
Casting television | Casting television is a competition television program where the winner wins a recording contract, or takes part in a competition. |
Haemophilus parainfluenzae | Haemophilus parainfluenzae is a species of Haemophilus.
It is one of the HACEK organisms.H. parainfluenzae is an opportunistic pathogen that has been associated with endocarditis, bronchitis, otitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, abscesses and genital tract infections. |
Lamborghini Athon | The Lamborghini Athon is a concept car designed by Bertone for Lamborghini. |
Retinal waves | Retinal waves are spontaneous bursts of action potentials that propagate in a wave-like fashion across the developing retina. These waves occur before rod and cone maturation and before vision can occur. The signals from retinal waves drive the activity in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and the primary visual cortex. The waves are thought to propagate across neighboring cells in random directions determined by periods of refractoriness that follow the initial depolarization. Retinal waves are thought to have properties that define early connectivity of circuits and synapses between cells in the retina. There is still much debate about the exact role of retinal waves. Some contend that the waves are instructional in the formation of retinogeniculate pathways, while others argue that the activity is necessary but not instructional in the formation of retinogeniculate pathways. |
Liquid breathing | Liquid breathing is a form of respiration in which a normally air-breathing organism breathes an oxygen-rich liquid (such as a perfluorocarbon), rather than breathing air, by selecting a liquid that can hold a large amount of oxygen and is capable of CO2 gas exchange.This requires certain physical properties such as respiratory gas solubility, density, viscosity, vapor pressure, and lipid solubility which some perfluorochemicals (PFCs) have. Thus, it is critical to choose the appropriate PFC for a specific biomedical application, such as liquid ventilation, drug delivery or blood substitutes. The physical properties of PFC liquids vary substantially; however, the one common property is their high solubility for respiratory gases. In fact, these liquids carry more oxygen and carbon dioxide than blood.In theory, liquid breathing could assist in the treatment of patients with severe pulmonary or cardiac trauma, especially in pediatric cases. Liquid breathing has also been proposed for use in deep diving and space travel. Despite some recent advances in liquid ventilation, a standard mode of application has not yet been established. |
Parallel communication | In data transmission, parallel communication is a method of conveying multiple binary digits (bits) simultaneously using multiple conductors. This contrasts with serial communication, which conveys only a single bit at a time; this distinction is one way of characterizing a communications link. |
Paraspeckle | In cell biology, a paraspeckle is an irregularly shaped compartment of the cell, approximately 0.2-1 μm in size, found in the nucleus' interchromatin space. First documented in HeLa cells, where there are generally 10-30 per nucleus, Paraspeckles are now known to also exist in all human primary cells, transformed cell lines and tissue sections. Their name is derived from their distribution in the nucleus; the "para" is short for parallel and the "speckle" refers to the splicing speckles to which they are always in close proximity. Their function is still not fully understood, but they are thought to regulate gene expression by sequestrating proteins or mRNAs with inverted repeats in their 3′ UTRs. |
Lamb chop and pineapple diet | The Lamb chop and pineapple diet was an American high-protein fad diet that was popular in the 1920s. The idea behind the diet was that lamb chops provide sufficient protein for strength, pineapples enough sugar for energy, while the fruit acid would absorb or destroy any leftover fat from the lamb chops. In 1924, it was adopted and promoted by Nita Naldi and other Hollywood celebrities. She claimed the diet made her lose twenty pounds. It was later reported that the diet made Naldi sick for weeks. She abandoned the diet after suffering from dizziness and hunger.Like other imbalanced fad diets, it was not recommended by nutritionists, as it failed to provide the essential nutrients that the body needs to function properly. |
1L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase | 1L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.74, CTP:inositol-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (bifunctional CTP:inositol-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase/CDP-inositol:inositol-1-phosphate transferase (IPCT/DIPPS)), IPCT (bifunctional CTP:inositol-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase/CDP-inositol:inositol-1-phosphate transferase (IPCT/DIPPS)), L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name CTP:1L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction CTP + 1L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate ⇌ diphosphate + CDP-1L-myo-inositolThis enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of bis(1L-myo-inositol) 1,3'-phosphate. |
User review | A user review is a review conducted by any person who has access to the internet and publishes their experience to a review site or social media platform following product testing or the evaluation of a service. User reviews are commonly provided by consumers who volunteer to write the review, rather than professionals who are paid to evaluate the product or service. User reviews might be compared to professional nonprofit reviews from a consumer organization, or to promotional reviews from an advertiser or company marketing a product. Growth of social media platforms has enabled the facilitation of interaction between consumers after a review has been placed on online communities such as blogs, internet forums or other popular platforms. |
Weighted space | In functional analysis, a weighted space is a space of functions under a weighted norm, which is a finite norm (or semi-norm) that involves multiplication by a particular function referred to as the weight. |
Digital transcriptome subtraction | Digital transcriptome subtraction (DTS) is a bioinformatics method to detect the presence of novel pathogen transcripts through computational removal of the host sequences. DTS is the direct in silico analogue of the wet-lab approach representational difference analysis (RDA), and is made possible by unbiased high-throughput sequencing and the availability of a high-quality, annotated reference genome of the host. The method specifically examines the etiological agent of infectious diseases and is best known for discovering Merkel cell polyomavirus, the suspect causative agent in Merkel-cell carcinoma. |
Tate pairing | In mathematics, Tate pairing is any of several closely related bilinear pairings involving elliptic curves or abelian varieties, usually over local or finite fields, based on the Tate duality pairings introduced by Tate (1958, 1963) and extended by Lichtenbaum (1969). Rück & Frey (1994) applied the Tate pairing over finite fields to cryptography. |
SPP1 holin family | The SPP1 Holin (SPP1 Holin) Family (TC# 1.E.31) consists of proteins of between 90 and 160 amino acyl residues (aas) in length that exhibit two transmembrane segments (TMSs). SPP1 is a double-stranded DNA phage that infects the Gram-positive bacteria. Although annotated as holins, members of the SPP1 family are not yet functionally characterized. A representative list of proteins belonging to the SPP1 Holin family can be found in Transporter Classification Database. |
VIT signals | In television broadcasting, VIT signals (vertical interval test signals) are a group of test signals inserted in the composite video signal. These signals are used to weight the transmission characteristics of the system between the test generator and the output of the demodulator, where the system includes the microwave links, or TVROs as well as the TV transmitters and the transposers. There are both ATSC and EBU standards for VIT. (Because analogue television is being phased out globally, VIT standards are considered superseded.) |
EXCLAIM | The EXtensible Cross-Linguistic Automatic Information Machine (EXCLAIM) was an integrated tool for cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), created at the University of California, Santa Cruz in early 2006, with some support for more than a dozen languages. The lead developers were Justin Nuger and Jesse Saba Kirchner. |
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance | Phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy is an analytical chemistry technique that uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study chemical compounds that contain phosphorus. Phosphorus is commonly found in organic compounds and coordination complexes (as phosphines), making it useful to measure 31P NMR spectra routinely. Solution 31P-NMR is one of the more routine NMR techniques because 31P has an isotopic abundance of 100% and a relatively high gyromagnetic ratio. The 31P nucleus also has a spin of 1⁄2, making spectra relatively easy to interpret. The only other highly sensitive NMR-active nuclei spin 1⁄2 that are monoisotopic (or nearly so) are 1H and 19F. |
Klavika | Klavika is a family of sans-serif fonts designed by Eric Olson and released by Process Type Foundry in 2004. It contains four weights: light, regular, medium, and bold (with corresponding italics) and variations of numerals.The family of typefaces is described as straight-sided technical sans-serifs flexible for editorial and identity design.The capital G has no bar, the capital Q has a tail at the bottom, the lowercase g is double story, and the lowercase k has diagonal strokes that meet at the vertical, with a gap. |
Sprite Remix | Sprite Tropical Mix is a line of "remixed" colorless caffeine-free sodas and drink-flavoring packets made by The Coca-Cola Company. Sprite Remix is one of the most uncommonly known Sprite flavors. Although based on Sprite, the Remixes were each flavored differently from the original. It was discontinued in 2005 in the United States. In the spring of 2015, the Tropical Sprite Remix flavor was reintroduced under the name Sprite Tropical and renamed Sprite Tropical Mix a year later. |
Time-lapse embryo imaging | Time-lapse embryo imaging is an emerging non-invasive embryo selection technique used in reproductive biology. It is used to help select embryos with lower risk of defects and/or greater potential of implantation. The procedure involves taking thousands of pictures of the growing embryo in vitro during incubation to study morphology and morphokinetic parameters.In terms of pregnancy rates, live births, or the risk of stillbirth or miscarriage there is a lack of evidence of sufficient quality to know if there is any difference between time-lapse embryo imaging and conventional embryo assessment in in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). Further trials are needed in order to determine whether time-lapse embryo imaging can impact on outcomes such as live-birth for couples undergoing IVF or ICSI. |
International Society of Psychiatric Genetics | The International Society of Psychiatric Genetics (ISPG) is a learned society that aims to "promote and facilitate research in the genetics of psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders and allied traits". To this end, among other things, it organizes an annual "World Congress of Psychiatric Genetics".It also awards each year the "Ming Tsuang Lifetime Achievement Award" for scientists who have made major contributions to the field of psychiatric genetics and the "Theodore Reich Young Investigator Award" for work of exceptional merit by researchers under 40 years of age. |
Tin-silver-copper | Tin-silver-copper (Sn-Ag-Cu, also known as SAC), is a lead-free (Pb-free) alloy commonly used for electronic solder. It is the main choice for lead-free surface-mount technology (SMT) assembly in the industry, as it is near eutectic, with adequate thermal fatigue properties, strength, and wettability. Lead-free solder is gaining much attention as the environmental effects of lead in industrial products is recognized, and as a result of Europe's RoHS legislation to remove lead and other hazardous materials from electronics. Japanese electronics companies have also looked at Pb-free solder for its industrial advantages. |
Empathetic sound | Empathetic sound in a film refers to music or sound effects that match the present action or scene in rhythm, tone, and/or mood and aim to evoke that mood in the audience. The concept, coined by Michel Chion and also associated with Robert Stam, is derived from empathy, i.e., feeling the feelings of others. The opposite of empathetic sound is anempathetic sound.Empathetic sound may be either non-diegetic, e.g., a sad song playing over a depressing or upsetting scene, or diegetic, e.g., a song playing on the radio that matches a character's feelings. |
Sterculinine | Sterculinine is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese drug Pangdahai (an extract of Sterculia lychnophora). |
Edward O. Thorp's Real Blackjack | Edward O. Thorp's Real Blackjack is a 1990 video game published by Villa Crespo Software. |
Church pennant | A church pennant is a pennant flown to indicate that a religious service is in progress. It is flown on ships and establishments (bases). |
Sex industry | The sex industry (also called the sex trade) consists of businesses that either directly or indirectly provide sex-related products and services or adult entertainment. The industry includes activities involving direct provision of sex-related services, such as prostitution, strip clubs, host and hostess clubs and sex-related pastimes, such as pornography, sex-oriented men's magazines, sex movies, sex toys and fetish or BDSM paraphernalia. Sex channels for television and pre-paid sex movies for video on demand, are part of the sex industry, as are adult movie theaters, sex shops, peep shows, and strip clubs. The sex industry employs millions of people worldwide, mainly women. These range from the sex worker, also called adult service provider (ASP) or adult sex provider, who provides sexual services, to a multitude of support personnel. |
1-Hexene | 1-Hexene (hex-1-ene) is an organic compound with the formula C6H12. It is an alkene that is classified in industry as higher olefin and an alpha-olefin, the latter term meaning that the double bond is located at the alpha (primary) position, endowing the compound with higher reactivity and thus useful chemical properties. 1-Hexene is an industrially significant linear alpha olefin. 1-Hexene is a colourless liquid. |
Axe tie | Axe ties are railway ties (or sleeper) that are hewn by hand, usually with a broadaxe. There are 2,900 ties per mile of track on a first class railroad. The early railways would not accept ties cut with a saw, as it was claimed that the kerf of the saw splintered the fibres of the wood, leaving them more likely to soak up moisture causing premature rot. |
ISO/IEC 15504 | ISO/IEC 15504 Information technology – Process assessment, also termed Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination (SPICE), is a set of technical standards documents for the computer software development process and related business management functions. It is one of the joint International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards, which was developed by the ISO and IEC joint subcommittee, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7.ISO/IEC 15504 was initially derived from process lifecycle standard ISO/IEC 12207 and from maturity models like Bootstrap, Trillium and the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). |
NASDAQ Biotechnology Index | The NASDAQ Biotechnology Index is a stock market index made up of securities of NASDAQ-listed companies classified according to the Industry Classification Benchmark as either the Biotechnology or the Pharmaceutical industry. A list of the 213 components of the index is published online. |
Plasma speaker | Plasma speakers or ionophones are a form of loudspeaker which varies air pressure via an electrical plasma instead of a solid diaphragm. The plasma arc heats the surrounding air causing it to expand. Varying the electrical signal that drives the plasma and connected to the output of an audio amplifier, the plasma size varies which in turn varies the expansion of the surrounding air creating sound waves.The plasma is typically in the form of a glow discharge and acts as a massless radiating element. The technique is a much later development of physics principles demonstrated by William Duddell's "singing arc" of 1900, and can be related to modern ion thruster spacecraft propulsion. |
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