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WebCite | WebCite is an on-demand archive site, designed to digitally preserve scientific and educationally important material on the web by taking snapshots of Internet contents as they existed at the time when a blogger or a scholar cited or quoted from it. The preservation service enabled verifiability of claims supported by the cited sources even when the original web pages are being revised, removed, or disappear for other reasons, an effect known as link rot. |
Curb trading | In finance, curb trading is the trading of securities outside the mainstream stock exchange, either because the company operating the exchange has very strict listing requirements (cf: alternative stock exchange) or because investors are so interested to continue trading even after the official business hours that they set up alternative avenues for their trading, sometimes even the curbs outside the main stock exchange, which is the origin of the phrase. |
Sympodial branching | Sympodial growth is a bifurcating branching pattern where one branch develops more strongly than the other, resulting in the stronger branches forming the primary shoot and the weaker branches appearing laterally. A sympodium, also referred to as a sympode or pseudaxis, is the primary shoot, comprising the stronger branches, formed during sympodial growth. The pattern is similar to dichotomous branching; it is characterized by branching along stems or hyphae.In botany, sympodial growth occurs when the apical meristem is terminated and growth is continued by one or more lateral meristems, which repeat the process. The apical meristem may be consumed to make an inflorescence or other determinate structure, or it may be aborted. |
Tango tree | A tango tree is a type of binary search tree proposed by Erik D. Demaine, Dion Harmon, John Iacono, and Mihai Pătrașcu in 2004. It is named after Buenos Aires, of which the tango is emblematic.
It is an online binary search tree that achieves an log log n) competitive ratio relative to the offline optimal binary search tree, while only using log log n) additional bits of memory per node. This improved upon the previous best known competitive ratio, which was log n) |
Wide-issue | A wide-issue architecture is a computer processor that issues more than one instruction per clock cycle. They can be considered in three broad types: Statically-scheduled superscalar architectures execute instructions in the order presented; the hardware logic determines which instructions are ready and safe to dispatch on each clock cycle.
VLIW architectures rely on the programming software (compiler) to determine which instructions to dispatch on a given clock cycle.
Dynamically-scheduled superscalar architectures execute instructions in an order that gives the same result as the order presented; the hardware logic determines which instructions are ready and safe to dispatch on each clock cycle. |
Pork roll | Pork roll is a processed meat commonly available in New Jersey and neighboring states.
It was developed in 1856 by John Taylor of Trenton, and sold as "Taylor's Prepared Ham" until 1906.
Though since then food labeling regulations require Taylor and all other manufacturers to label it "pork roll", people in northern New Jersey still call it "Taylor ham".
The "Is it pork roll or Taylor ham?" question is a notable element of New Jersey culture, and the division over what name one uses divides the state along roughly north–south geographic lines. |
Four Lines Modernisation | The Four Lines Modernisation (4LM) is a series of projects by Transport for London (TfL) to modernise and upgrade the sub-surface lines of the London Underground: the Circle, District, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines. The upgrades entail new rolling stock, new signalling and new track and drainage. |
HLA-B63 | HLA-B63 (B63) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies certain B*15 gene-allele protein products of HLA-B.B63 is one of many split antigens of the broad antigen, B15. B63 identifies the B*1516 and B*1517 allele products. |
Clean process oven | A clean process oven is a type of industrial batch oven that is ideal for high-temperature applications, such as curing polyimide, and annealing thin and film waters. Clean process ovens may be for air atmospheres, or inert atmospheres for oxidation-sensitive materials. Temperatures can be over 525 degrees Celsius. In regards to new tier 4 restrictions, oven cleanings can continue as a essential service for customers. All precautions must be put into place to ensure 2m rules and correct PPE is used. |
Job wrapping | Job wrapping is a term used commonly to describe a process by which jobs can be captured from employer website and posted to the job boards that the employer wants to advertise them.Corporate recruiters and HR professionals who send job listings to multiple Internet employment sites can sometimes delegate those chores to the employment sites themselves under an arrangement called "job wrapping". Job wrap ensures that employer job openings and updates get wrapped up regularly and posted on the job boards that they have designated. |
Noseclip | A noseclip or nose clip is a device designed to hold the nostrils closed to prevent water from entering, or air from escaping, by people during aquatic activities such as kayaking, freediving, recreational swimming, synchronized swimming and waterdance.
A nose clip is generally made of plastic or of wire covered in rubber or plastic. Nose clips may also have a long band to keep the clip around the neck while it is not being used or a cord to attach the nose clip to goggles or kayaking helmet. |
Amidine | Amidines are organic compounds with the functional group RC(NR)NR2, where the R groups can be the same or different. They are the imine derivatives of amides (RC(O)NR2). The simplest amidine is formamidine, HC(=NH)NH2.
Examples of amidines include: DBU diminazene benzamidine Pentamidine Paranyline |
Electronic structure | In physics, electronic structure is the state of motion of electrons in an electrostatic field created by stationary nuclei. The term encompasses both the wave functions of the electrons and the energies associated with them. Electronic structure is obtained by solving quantum mechanical equations for the aforementioned clamped-nuclei problem.
Electronic structure problems arise from the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Along with nuclear dynamics, the electronic structure problem is one of the two steps in studying the quantum mechanical motion of a molecular system. Except for a small number of simple problems such as hydrogen-like atoms, the solution of electronic structure problems require modern computers.
Electronic structure problems are routinely solved with quantum chemistry computer programs. Electronic structure calculations rank among the most computationally intensive tasks in all scientific calculations. For this reason, quantum chemistry calculations take up significant shares on many scientific supercomputer facilities.
A number of methods to obtain electronic structures exist, and their applicability varies from case to case. |
System equivalence | In the systems sciences system equivalence is the behavior of a parameter or component of a system in a way similar to a parameter or component of a different system. Similarity means that mathematically the parameters and components will be indistinguishable from each other. Equivalence can be very useful in understanding how complex systems work. |
HELP assay | For the purpose of DNA replication, the HpaII tiny fragment Enrichment by Ligation-mediated PCR Assay (HELP Assay) is one of several techniques used for determining whether DNA has been methylated. The technique can be adapted to examine DNA methylation within and around individual genes, or it can be expanded to examine methylation in an entire genome. |
CLEO (particle detector) | CLEO was a general purpose particle detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR), and the name of the collaboration of physicists who operated the detector. The name CLEO is not an acronym; it is short for Cleopatra and was chosen to go with CESR (pronounced Caesar). CESR was a particle accelerator designed to collide electrons and positrons at a center-of-mass energy of approximately 10 GeV. The energy of the accelerator was chosen before the first three bottom quark Upsilon resonances were discovered between 9.4 GeV and 10.4 GeV in 1977. The fourth Υ resonance, the Υ(4S), was slightly above the threshold for, and therefore ideal for the study of, B meson production. |
OneFS distributed file system | The OneFS File System is a parallel distributed networked file system designed by Isilon Systems and is the basis for the Isilon Scale-out Storage Platform. The OneFS file system is controlled and managed by the OneFS Operating System, a FreeBSD variant. |
Broach (nautical) | A broach is an abrupt, involuntary change in a vessel's course, towards the wind, resulting from loss of directional control, when the vessel's rudder becomes ineffective. This can be caused by wind or wave action. A wind gust can heel (lean) a sailing vessel, lifting its rudder out of the water. Both power and sailing vessels can broach when wave action reduces the effectiveness of the rudder. This risk occurs when traveling in the same general direction as the waves are moving. The loss of control from either cause usually leaves the vessel beam-on to the sea, and in more severe cases the rolling moment may cause a capsize. An alternative meaning in the context of submarine operation is an unintended surfacing of a shallow-running submarine in a deep wave trough. |
Environmental toxicants and fetal development | Environmental toxicants and fetal development is the impact of different toxic substances from the environment on the development of the fetus. This article deals with potential adverse effects of environmental toxicants on the prenatal development of both the embryo or fetus, as well as pregnancy complications. The human embryo or fetus is relatively susceptible to impact from adverse conditions within the mother's environment. Substandard fetal conditions often cause various degrees of developmental delays, both physical and mental, for the growing baby. Although some variables do occur as a result of genetic conditions pertaining to the father, a great many are directly brought about from environmental toxins that the mother is exposed to. |
Digital signal (signal processing) | In the context of digital signal processing (DSP), a digital signal is a discrete time, quantized amplitude signal. In other words, it is a sampled signal consisting of samples that take on values from a discrete set (a countable set that can be mapped one-to-one to a subset of integers). If that discrete set is finite, the discrete values can be represented with digital words of a finite width. Most commonly, these discrete values are represented as fixed-point words (either proportional to the waveform values or companded) or floating-point words. |
Clarke's equation | In combustion, Clarke's equation is a third-order nonlinear partial differential equation, first derived by John Frederick Clarke in 1978. The equation describes the thermal explosion process, including both effects of constant-volume and constant-pressure processes, as well as the effects of adiabatic and isothermal sound speeds. The equation reads as (θt−γeθ)tt=(θt−eθ)xx where θ is the non-dimensional temperature perturbation and γ is the specific heat ratio. The term θt−eθ describes the explosion at constant pressure and the term θt−γeθ describes the explosion at constant volume. Similarly, the term ()tt−()xx describes the wave propagation at adiabatic sound speed and the term γ()tt−()xx describes the wave propagation at isothermal sound speed. Molecular transports are neglected in the derivation. |
Intermetamorphosis | Intermetamorphosis is a delusional misidentification syndrome, related to agnosia. The main symptoms consist of patients believing that they can see others change into someone else in both external appearance and internal personality. The disorder is usually comorbid with neurological disorders or mental disorders. The disorder was first described in 1932 by Paul Courbon (1879–1958), a French psychiatrist. Intermetamorphosis is rare, although issues with diagnostics and comorbidity may lead to under-reporting. |
Cheese antenna | The cheese antenna, also known as a pillbox antenna, is a type of microwave-frequency parabolic antenna used in certain types of radar. The antenna consists of a cylindrical parabolic reflector consisting of sheet metal with a parabolic curve in one dimension and flat in the other, with metal plates covering the open sides, and a feed antenna, almost always some sort of feed horn, in front, pointing back toward the reflector. When the antenna is wide along its flat axis it is called a pillbox antenna and when narrow a cheese antenna. The name comes from the resulting antenna looking like a segment that has been cut from a wheel of cheese. |
Axure RP | Axure RP Pro / Team is a software for creating prototypes and specifications for websites and applications. It offers drag and drop placement, resizing, and formatting of widgets. |
Solar eclipse of August 30, 1924 | A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 30, 1924. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. |
C22orf23 | C22orf23 (Chromosome 22 Open Reading Frame 23) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the C22orf23 gene. Its predicted secondary structure consists of alpha helices and disordered/coil regions. It is expressed in many tissues and highest in the testes and it is conserved across many orthologs. |
NOvA | The NOνA (NuMI Off-Axis νe Appearance) experiment is a particle physics experiment designed to detect neutrinos in Fermilab's NuMI (Neutrinos at the Main Injector) beam. Intended to be the successor to MINOS, NOνA consists of two detectors, one at Fermilab (the near detector), and one in northern Minnesota (the far detector). Neutrinos from NuMI pass through 810 km of Earth to reach the far detector. NOνA's main goal is to observe the oscillation of muon neutrinos to electron neutrinos. The primary physics goals of NOvA are: Precise measurement, for neutrinos and antineutrinos, of the mixing angle θ23, especially whether it is larger than, smaller than, or equal to 45° Precise measurement, for neutrinos and antineutrinos, of the associated mass splitting Δm232 Strong constraints on the CP-violating phase δ Strong constraints on the neutrino mass hierarchy |
Objects in mirror are closer than they appear | The phrase "objects in (the) mirror are closer than they appear" is a safety warning that is required to be engraved on passenger side mirrors of motor vehicles in many places such as the United States, Canada, Nepal, India, and South Korea. It is present because while these mirrors' convexity gives them a useful field of view, it also makes objects appear smaller. Since smaller-appearing objects seem further away than they actually are, a driver might make a maneuver such as a lane change assuming an adjacent vehicle is a safe distance behind, when in fact it is quite a bit closer. The warning serves as a reminder to the driver of this potential problem. |
Enamel cord | The enamel cord, also called enamel septum, is a localization of cells on an enamel organ that appear from the outer enamel epithelium to an enamel knot. The function of the enamel cord and the enamel knot is not known, but they are believed to play a role in the placement of the first cusp developed in a tooth. |
Puff model | The Puff model is a volcanic ash tracking model developed at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. It requires windfield data on a geographic grid covering the area over which ash may be dispersed. Representative ash particles are initiated at the volcano's location and then allowed to advect, diffuse, and settle within the atmosphere. The location of the particles at any time after the eruption can be viewed using the post-processing software included with the model. Output data is in netCDF format and can also be viewed with a variety of software. |
Folk healer | A folk healer is an unlicensed person who practices the art of healing using traditional practices, herbal remedies, and the power of suggestion. The term "folk" was traditionally associated with medical and healing practices that weren't explicitly approved by the dominant religious institution. If people didn't seek healing from an approved priest or religious figure, they would seek the help of the local folk healer. Folk healers, despite their technical illegitimacy, were often viewed as being more involved with the healing process and made their patients more comfortable than other practitioners. With modern medicine being preferred, some look towards folk healers to get consoled from the sacred use of traditional medicine. "Appalachian folk healing goes by many names, depending on where it’s practiced in the region and who’s doing the practicing: root work, folk medicine, folk magic, kitchen witchery." |
Dz13 | Dz13 is an experimental treatment developed by scientists at the University of New South Wales. The drug aims to combat a range of illnesses, including skin cancer, restenosis, arthritis and macular degeneration. Trials of Dz13 were suspended in 2013. |
Stefanos Kollias | Stefanos Kollias from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for contributions to intelligent systems for multimedia content analysis and human machine interaction. |
Böhm tree | In the study of denotational semantics of the lambda calculus, Böhm trees, Lévy-Longo trees, and Berarducci trees are (potentially infinite) tree-like mathematical objects that capture the "meaning" of a term up to some set of "meaningless" terms. |
Tropical Storm Ike | The name Ike has been used for three tropical cyclones worldwide, one in the Atlantic Ocean and two in the Western Pacific Ocean.
In the Atlantic: Hurricane Ike (2008) – a powerful Category 4 that made landfall in the Bahamas, Cuba, and Texas, causing $28 billion in damage (2008 USD) and over 170 deaths.The name Ike was retired after the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season and replaced with Isaias for the 2014 season.
In the Western Pacific: Severe Tropical Storm Ike (1981) (T8104, 04W, Bining) – A severe tropical storm that impacted Taiwan as a Tropical Storm in June 1981.
Typhoon Ike (1984) (T8411, 13W, Nitang) – significant Category 4 Typhoon that affected Philippines and China, killing almost 1,500 people.The name Ike was retired after the 1984 Pacific typhoon season and replaced with Ian. |
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | The Journal of Alloys and Compounds is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering experimental and theoretical approaches to materials problems that involve compounds and alloys. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Hongge Pan, Livio Battezzati. It was the first journal established to focus specifically on a group of inorganic elements. |
Longest word in English | The identity of the longest word in English depends on the definition of a word and of length.
Words may be derived naturally from the language's roots or formed by coinage and construction. Additionally, comparisons are complicated because place names may be considered words, technical terms may be arbitrarily long, and the addition of suffixes and prefixes may extend the length of words to create grammatically correct but unused or novel words.
The length of a word may also be understood in multiple ways. Most commonly, length is based on orthography (conventional spelling rules) and counting the number of written letters. Alternate, but less common, approaches include phonology (the spoken language) and the number of phonemes (sounds). |
SGR J1550−5418 | SGR J1550−5418 is a soft gamma repeater (SGR), the sixth to be discovered, located in the constellation Norma.
Long known as an X-ray source, it was noticed to have become active on 23 October 2008, and then after a relatively quiescent interval, became much more active on 22 January 2009.
It has been observed by the Swift satellite, and by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, launched in 2008, as well as in X-ray and radio emission.
It has been observed to emit intense bursts of gamma rays at a rate of up to several per minute. |
Void Linux | Void Linux is an independent Linux distribution that uses the X Binary Package System (XBPS) package manager, which was designed and implemented from scratch, and the runit init system. Excluding binary kernel blobs, a base install is composed entirely of free software (but users can access an official non-free repository to install proprietary software as well). |
AP Statistics | Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics (also known as AP Stats) is a college-level high school statistics course offered in the United States through the College Board's Advanced Placement program. This course is equivalent to a one semester, non-calculus-based introductory college statistics course and is normally offered to sophomores, juniors and seniors in high school. |
Action painting | Action painting, sometimes called "gestural abstraction", is a style of painting in which paint is spontaneously dribbled, splashed or smeared onto the canvas, rather than being carefully applied. The resulting work often emphasizes the physical act of painting itself as an essential aspect of the finished work or concern of its artist. |
Organosulfate | In organosulfur chemistry, organosulfates are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the structure R−O−SO−3. The SO4 core is a sulfate group and the R group is any organic residue. All organosulfates are formally esters derived from alcohols and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) although many are not prepared in this way. Many sulfate esters are used in detergents, and some are useful reagents. Alkyl sulfates consist of a hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain, a polar sulfate group (containing an anion) and either a cation or amine to neutralize the sulfate group. Examples include: sodium lauryl sulfate (also known as sulfuric acid mono dodecyl ester sodium salt) and related potassium and ammonium salts. |
Broiler | Breed broiler is any chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) that is bred and raised specifically for meat production. Most commercial broilers reach slaughter weight between four and six weeks of age, although slower growing breeds reach slaughter weight at approximately 14 weeks of age. Typical broilers have white feathers and yellowish skin. Broiler or sometimes broiler-fryer is also used sometimes to refer specifically to younger chickens under 2.0 kilograms (4+1⁄2 lb), as compared with the larger roasters.Due to extensive breeding selection for rapid early growth and the husbandry used to sustain this, broilers are susceptible to several welfare concerns, particularly skeletal malformation and dysfunction, skin and eye lesions and congestive heart conditions. Management of ventilation, housing, stocking density and in-house procedures must be evaluated regularly to support good welfare of the flock. The breeding stock (broiler-breeders) do grow to maturity but also have their own welfare concerns related to the frustration of a high feeding motivation and beak trimming. Broilers are usually grown as mixed-sex flocks in large sheds under intensive conditions. |
2 point player | 2 point player and 2.5 point player is a disability sport classification for wheelchair basketball. People in this class have partial trunk control when making forward motions. The class includes people with T8-L1 paraplegia, post-polio paralysis and amputations. People in this class handle the ball less than higher-point players. They have some stability issues on court, and may hold their wheel when trying to one hand grab rebounds. |
1/2 − 1/4 + 1/8 − 1/16 + ⋯ | In mathematics, the infinite series 1/2 − 1/4 + 1/8 − 1/16 + ⋯ is a simple example of an alternating series that converges absolutely.
It is a geometric series whose first term is 1/2 and whose common ratio is −1/2, so its sum is 16 +⋯=121−(−12)=13. |
Pizza layout | A pizza layout is a model railway laid out as a circle of the smallest workable radius of curve, on the smallest possible square or circular baseboard. This baseboard can be so small as to look as if it would fit into a pizza box, hence the name.Pizza layouts are not serious scale models, but are to provide a little humour. Despite their simplicity, they are rarely built by beginners but are usually light relief for an experienced modeller. As they are quick to build and lower budget they are often used as a theme for exhibitions and contests. Many are also seasonally themed, such as Christmas layouts. They often provide an opportunity to experiment with a different gauge and scale from a modeller's regular. |
Mucous membrane pemphigoid | Mucous membrane pemphigoid is a rare chronic autoimmune subepithelial blistering disease characterized by erosive lesions of the mucous membranes and skin. It is one of the pemphigoid diseases that can result in scarring. |
Gravity-gradient stabilization | Gravity-gradient stabilization or tidal stabilization is a passive method of stabilizing artificial satellites or space tethers in a fixed orientation using only the mass distribution of the orbited body and the gravitational field. The main advantage over using active stabilization with propellants, gyroscopes or reaction wheels is the low use of power and resources. It can also reduce or prevent the risk of propellant contamination of sensitive components. |
ADO.NET | ADO.NET is a data access technology from the Microsoft .NET Framework that provides communication between relational and non-relational systems through a common set of components. |
Online content analysis | Online content analysis or online textual analysis refers to a collection of research techniques used to describe and make inferences about online material through systematic coding and interpretation. Online content analysis is a form of content analysis for analysis of Internet-based communication. |
Essence | Essence (Latin: essentia) is a polysemic term, having various meanings and uses. It is used in philosophy and theology as a designation for the property or set of properties or attributes that make an entity or substance what it fundamentally is, and which it has by necessity, and without which it loses its identity. Essence is contrasted with accident: a property or attribute the entity or substance has contingently, without which the substance can still retain its identity. |
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans | Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) is a skin rash indicative of the third or late stage of European Lyme borreliosis.
ACA is a dermatological condition that takes a chronically progressive course and finally leads to a widespread atrophy of the skin. Involvement of the peripheral nervous system is often observed, specifically polyneuropathy.
This progressive skin process is due to the effect of continuing active infection with the spirochete Borrelia afzelii, which is the predominant pathophysiology. B. afzelii may not be the exclusive etiologic agent of ACA; Borrelia garinii has also been detected. |
Sceptrin | Sceptrin is a bioactive marine isolate. It has been isolated from the marine sponge Agelas conifera and appears to have affinity for the bacterial actin equivalent MreB. As such, this compound possess antibiotic potential. |
Ampicillin/sulbactam | Ampicillin/sulbactam is a fixed-dose combination medication of the common penicillin-derived antibiotic ampicillin and sulbactam, an inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase. Two different forms of the drug exist. The first, developed in 1987 and marketed in the United States under the brand name Unasyn, generic only outside the United States, is an intravenous antibiotic. The second, an oral form called sultamicillin, is marketed under the brand name Ampictam outside the United States, and generic only in the United States. Ampicillin/sulbactam is used to treat infections caused by bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. Sulbactam blocks the enzyme which breaks down ampicillin and thereby allows ampicillin to attack and kill the bacteria. |
Jeopardy! audition process | Jeopardy! is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of a question. Throughout its run, the show has regularly offered auditions for potential contestants, taking place in the Los Angeles area and occasionally in other locations throughout the United States. Unlike those of many other game shows, Jeopardy!'s audition process involves passing a test of knowledge on a diversity of subjects, approximating the breadth of material encountered by contestants on the show. Since 2006, an online screener test is conducted annually. |
Implant-abutment junction | In implant dentistry, the implant-abutment junction (IAJ) refers to the location of intimate contact between a dental implant and its restorative abutment.
The IAJ is a focus of much attention because its morphology and location tend to affect the amount of bone resorption during the initial period of crestal bone changes immediately following implant placement. |
Location-based game | A location-based game (also location-enabled game, geolocation-based game, or simply geo game) is a type of game in which the gameplay evolves and progresses via a player's location. Location-based games must provide some mechanism to allow the player to report their location, usually with GPS. Many location-based games are video games that run on a mobile phone with GPS capability, known as location-based video games. |
S. nigra | S. nigra is an abbreviation of a species name. In binomial nomenclature the name of a species is always the name of the genus to which the species belongs, followed by the species name (also called the species epithet). In S. nigra the genus name has been abbreviated to S. and the species has been spelled out in full. In a document that uses this abbreviation it should always be clear from the context which genus name has been abbreviated. |
Dimethyl ether | Dimethyl ether (DME; also known as methoxymethane) is the organic compound with the formula CH3OCH3, (sometimes ambiguously simplified to C2H6O as it is an isomer of ethanol). The simplest ether, it is a colorless gas that is a useful precursor to other organic compounds and an aerosol propellant that is currently being demonstrated for use in a variety of fuel applications. |
Glutethimide | Glutethimide is a hypnotic sedative that was introduced by Ciba in 1954 as a safe alternative to barbiturates to treat insomnia. Before long, however, it had become clear that glutethimide was just as likely to cause addiction and caused similar withdrawal symptoms. Doriden was the brand-name version. Current production levels in the United States (the annual quota for manufacturing imposed by the DEA has been three grams, enough for six Doriden tablets, for a number of years) point to its use only in small-scale research. Manufacturing of the drug was discontinued in the US in 1993 and discontinued in several eastern European countries in 2006. |
HCP5 | The gene known as HCP5 (HLA Complex P5) is a human endogenous retrovirus, meaning that it is a fossil of an ancient virus that at one time infected people, but has now become an integral part of the human genome.One variation of HCP5 appears to provide some delay or resistance to the development of AIDS when a person is infected with HIV. This variation of HCP5 frequently occurs in conjunction with a particular version of an immune system gene called HLA-B.HCP5 has been reported to become upregulated after human papillomavirus infection and may promote the development of cervical cancer. |
ZC45 and ZXC21 | ZC45 and ZXC21, sometimes known as the Zhoushan virus, are two bat-derived strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus. They were collected from least horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus pusillus) by personnel from military laboratories in the Third Military Medical University (Chongqing, China) and the Research Institute for Medicine of Nanjing Command (Nanjing, China) between July 2015 and February 2017 from sites in Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China, and published in 2018. These two virus strains belong to the clade of SARS-CoV-2, the virus strain that causes COVID-19, sharing 88% nucleotide identity at the scale of the complete virus genome.A phylogenetic tree based on whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses is: |
Delayed stroke | For penmanship, the difference between on-line handwriting recognition and off-line handwriting recognition is that temporal information is present in the on-line pen-tip trajectory Xt, Yt. This means that the order of movements is contained with an on-line recording of handwriting on a Graphics Tablet. In handwriting recognition, the temporal information usually helps to disambiguate between characters that are touching in the image, but which are disparate in the temporal order. Nevertheless, the time information also introduces problems in cases where the writer goes back and forth over the page. The most common example is putting the dot on a letter i or j, or the horizontal bar of a lower-case letter t. Such an action can be performed either immediately after writing a letter or can be delayed to a later moment. There are different strategies. Some writers produce the dots after finishing a word while others finish a complete sentence or even paragraph of text before producing the delayed strokes for dots and bars. Whereas the optical result may appear impeccable, an on-line handwriting recognition system must attribute each delayed stroke to the correct character in the production sequence. The delayed stroke illustrates that knowing the temporal stroke order is not always helpful in the handwriting recognition process. |
Age-related mobility disability | Age-related mobility disability is a self-reported inability to walk due to impairments, limited mobility, dexterity or stamina. It has been found mostly in older adults with decreased strength in lower extremities. |
Mini-Cassette | The Mini-Cassette, often written minicassette, is a magnetic tape audio cassette format introduced by Philips in 1967.
It is used primarily in dictation machines and was also employed as a data storage for the Philips P2000 home computer. As of August 2021, Phillips still produces mini-cassette players along with new mini-cassette tapes. |
Kadowaki–Woods ratio | The Kadowaki–Woods ratio is the ratio of A, the quadratic term of the resistivity and γ2, the linear term of the specific heat. This ratio is found to be a constant for transition metals, and for heavy-fermion compounds, although at different values. |
NASICON | NASICON is an acronym for sodium (Na) Super Ionic CONductor, which usually refers to a family of solids with the chemical formula Na1+xZr2SixP3−xO12, 0 < x < 3. In a broader sense, it is also used for similar compounds where Na, Zr and/or Si are replaced by isovalent elements. NASICON compounds have high ionic conductivities, on the order of 10−3 S/cm, which rival those of liquid electrolytes. They are caused by hopping of Na ions among interstitial sites of the NASICON crystal lattice. |
Security token offering | A security token offering (STO) / tokenized IPO is a type of public offering in which tokenized digital securities, known as security tokens, are sold in security token exchanges. Tokens can be used to trade real financial assets such as equities and fixed income, and use a blockchain virtual ledger system to store and validate token transactions.Due to tokens being classified as securities, STOs are more susceptible to regulation and thus represent a more secure investment alternative than ICOs, which have been subject to numerous fraudulent schemes. |
Crash Course (YouTube) | Crash Course (sometimes stylized as CrashCourse) is an educational YouTube channel started by John Green and Hank Green (collectively the Green brothers), who became known on YouTube through their Vlogbrothers channel.Crash Course was one of the hundred initial channels funded by YouTube's $100 million original channel initiative. The channel launched a preview on December 2, 2011, and as of March 2022, it has accumulated over 14 million subscribers and 1.6 billion video views. The channel launched with John and Hank presenting their respective World History and Biology series; the early history of the channel continued the trend of John and Hank presenting humanities and science courses, respectively. In November 2014, Hank announced a partnership with PBS Digital Studios, which would allow the channel to produce more courses. As a result, multiple additional hosts joined the show to increase the number of concurrent series. |
Tromino | A tromino or triomino is a polyomino of size 3, that is, a polygon in the plane made of three equal-sized squares connected edge-to-edge. |
Stein manifold | In mathematics, in the theory of several complex variables and complex manifolds, a Stein manifold is a complex submanifold of the vector space of n complex dimensions. They were introduced by and named after Karl Stein (1951). A Stein space is similar to a Stein manifold but is allowed to have singularities. Stein spaces are the analogues of affine varieties or affine schemes in algebraic geometry. |
Organoiron chemistry | Organoiron chemistry is the chemistry of iron compounds containing a carbon-to-iron chemical bond. Organoiron compounds are relevant in organic synthesis as reagents such as iron pentacarbonyl, diiron nonacarbonyl and disodium tetracarbonylferrate. While iron adopts oxidation states from Fe(−II) through to Fe(VII), Fe(IV) is the highest established oxidation state for organoiron species. Although iron is generally less active in many catalytic applications, it is less expensive and "greener" than other metals. Organoiron compounds feature a wide range of ligands that support the Fe-C bond; as with other organometals, these supporting ligands prominently include phosphines, carbon monoxide, and cyclopentadienyl, but hard ligands such as amines are employed as well. |
Solarigraphy | Solarigraphy is a concept and a photographic practice based on the observation of the sun path in the sky (different in each place on the Earth) and its effect on the landscape, captured by a specific procedure that combines pinhole photography and digital processing. Invented around 2000, solarigraphy (also known as solargraphy) uses photographic paper without chemical processing, a pinhole camera and a scanner to create images that catch the daily journey of the sun along the sky with very long exposure times, from several hours to several years. The longest known solarigraph was captured over the course of eight years. Solarigraphy is an extreme case of long-exposure photography, and the non-conventional use of photosensitive materials is what makes it different to other methods of sun paths capture such as the Yamazaki´s "heliographys" |
Felix Armin Randow | Felix Armin Randow is a molecular immunologist and tenured group leader at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge. Guided by the importance of cell-autonomous immunity as the sole defender of unicellular organisms, Randow has made contributions to our understanding of host-pathogen interactions. He is an EMBO member, a Wellcome Trust investigator and a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences. |
Trimebutine | Trimebutine is a drug with antimuscarinic and weak mu opioid agonist effects. It is used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and other gastrointestinal disorders. |
MIBOR (Indian reference rate) | The MIBOR (Mumbai Inter-Bank Offer Rate) is a financial instrument. |
Martha Clokie | Martha Rebecca Jane Clokie is a Professor of Microbiology at the University of Leicester. Her research investigates the identification and development of bacteriophages that kill pathogens in an effort to develop new antimicrobials. |
Sensory threshold | In psychophysics, sensory threshold is the weakest stimulus that an organism can sense. Unless otherwise indicated, it is usually defined as the weakest stimulus that can be detected half the time, for example, as indicated by a point on a probability curve. Methods have been developed to measure thresholds in any of the senses.
Several different sensory thresholds have been defined; Absolute threshold: the lowest level at which a stimulus can be detected.
Recognition threshold: the level at which a stimulus can not only be detected but also recognized.
Differential threshold: the level at which an increase in a detected stimulus can be perceived.
Terminal threshold: the level beyond which any increase to a stimulus no longer changes the perceived intensity. |
Sphinganine C4-monooxygenase | Sphinganine C4-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.169, sphingolipid C4-hydroxylase, SUR2 (gene), SBH1 (gene), SBH2 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name sphinganine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (C4-hydroxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction sphinganine + NADPH + H+ + O2 ⇌ phytosphingosine + NADP+ + H2OSphinganine C4-monooxygenase is involved in the biosynthesis of sphingolipids in yeast and plants. |
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 | Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (gene name GSTM1) is a human glutathione S-transferase. |
Peel Sound Formation | The Peel Sound Formation is a geologic formation in Nunavut. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period. |
Big Bang | The Big Bang event is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature. Various cosmological models of the Big Bang explain the evolution of the observable universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale form. These models offer a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, and large-scale structure. The overall uniformity of the Universe, known as the flatness problem, is explained through cosmic inflation: a sudden and very rapid expansion of space during the earliest moments. However, physics currently lacks a widely accepted theory of quantum gravity that can successfully model the earliest conditions of the Big Bang. |
Sun Certified Network Administrator | SCNA (an abbreviation of Sun Certified Network Administrator) is a certification for system administrators and covers LANs and Solaris. |
Somatic fusion | Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the characteristics of both, a somatic hybrid. Hybrids have been produced either between different varieties of the same species (e.g. between non-flowering potato plants and flowering potato plants) or between two different species (e.g. between wheat Triticum and rye Secale to produce Triticale). |
N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid | N-methyl-D-aspartic acid or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is an amino acid derivative that acts as a specific agonist at the NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor. Unlike glutamate, NMDA only binds to and regulates the NMDA receptor and has no effect on other glutamate receptors (such as those for AMPA and kainate). NMDA receptors are particularly important when they become overactive during, for example, withdrawal from alcohol as this causes symptoms such as agitation and, sometimes, epileptiform seizures. |
Speck (printing) | Speck (figuratively for German speck or bacon) in the German typesetting tradition describes a manuscript that is printed with low effort. The term is still used in electronic publishing. |
Linde–Frank–Caro process | The Linde–Frank–Caro process is a method for hydrogen production by removing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from water gas by condensation. The process was invented in 1909 by Adolf Frank and developed with Carl von Linde and Heinrich Caro. |
Thermalsinterkalk Formation | The Thermalsinterkalk Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period. |
BriLife | BriLife, also known as IIBR-100, is a replication-competent recombinant VSV viral vectored COVID-19 vaccine candidate. It was developed by the Israel Institute for Biological Research (IIBR). The IIBR partnered with the US-based NRx Pharmaceuticals to complete clinical trials and commercialize the vaccine. A study conducted in hamsters suggested that one dose of the vaccine was safe and effective at protecting against COVID-19. |
Hill sphere | The Hill sphere of an astronomical body is the region in which it dominates the attraction of satellites. It is sometimes termed the Roche sphere. It was defined by the American astronomer George William Hill, based on the work of the French astronomer Édouard Roche.To be retained by a more gravitationally attracting astrophysical object—a planet by a more massive sun, a moon by a more massive planet—the less massive body must have an orbit that lies within the gravitational potential represented by the more massive body's Hill sphere. That moon would, in turn, have a Hill sphere of its own, and any object within that distance would tend to become a satellite of the moon, rather than of the planet itself. |
Scianna antigen system | The Scianna blood antigen system consists of seven antigens. These include two high frequency antigens Sc1 and Sc3, and two low frequency antigens Sc2 and Sc4.The very rare null phenotype is characterised by the absence of Sc1, Sc2 and Sc3.The antigens are caused by changes in the erythroid membrane associated protein (ERMAP). |
HD 143699 | HD 143699 is a single star in the southern constellation of Lupus. It is a dim star but visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.90. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 9.2 mas, it is located around 350 light years away. It is most likely (90% chance) a member of the Upper Centaurus–Lupus subgroup of the Sco OB2 moving group. |
Kernel (statistics) | The term kernel is used in statistical analysis to refer to a window function. The term "kernel" has several distinct meanings in different branches of statistics. |
Cutaneous meningioma | Cutaneous meningioma (also known as "Heterotopic meningeal tissue," and "Rudimentary meningocele") is a developmental defect, and results from the presence of meningocytes outside the calvarium.: 622 |
Truncated 6-orthoplexes | In six-dimensional geometry, a truncated 6-orthoplex is a convex uniform 6-polytope, being a truncation of the regular 6-orthoplex.
There are 5 degrees of truncation for the 6-orthoplex. Vertices of the truncated 6-orthoplex are located as pairs on the edge of the 6-orthoplex. Vertices of the bitruncated 6-orthoplex are located on the triangular faces of the 6-orthoplex. Vertices of the tritruncated 6-orthoplex are located inside the tetrahedral cells of the 6-orthoplex. |
Housekeeping (computing) | In computer programming, housekeeping can refer to either a standard entry or exit routine appended to a user-written block of code (such as a subroutine or function, sometimes as a function prologue and epilogue) at its entry and exit or to any other automated or manual software process whereby a computer is cleaned up after usage (e.g. freeing resources such as virtual memory). This might include such activities as removing or archiving logs that the system has made as a result of the users activities, or deletion of temporary files which may otherwise simply take up space. Housekeeping can be described as a necessary chore, required to perform a particular computer's normal activity but not necessarily part of the algorithm. For cleaning up computer disk storage, utility software usually exists for this purpose such as data compression software - to "shrink" files and release disk space and defragmentation programs - to improve disk performance. |
HATS-3 | HATS-3 is a F-type main-sequence star. Its surface temperature is 6351±76 K. HATS-3 is relatively depleted in its concentration of heavy elements, with a metallicity Fe/H index of −0.157±0.07, but is slightly younger than the Sun at an age of 3.2+0.6−0.4 billion years.A multiplicity survey in 2016 detected a candidate stellar companion to HATS-3, 3.671±0.016 arc-seconds away. |
Pinosylvin | Pinosylvin is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH=CHC6H3(OH)2. A white solid, it is related to trans-stilbene, but with two hydroxy groups on one of the phenyl substituents. It is very soluble in many organic solvents, such as acetone. |
Loviride | Loviride is an experimental antiviral drug manufactured by Janssen (now part of Janssen-Cilag) that is active against HIV. Loviride is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that entered phase III clinical trials in the late 1990s, but failed to gain marketing approval because of poor potency. It is of clinical significance only in those patients who were enrolled in clinical trials to evaluate loviride (e.g., CAESAR and AVANTI), because in those trials loviride was often given alone and with no companion drug, leading to a high probability of developing reverse transcriptase mutations such as K103N which result in cross-class resistance to the NNRTIs efavirenz and nevirapine. |
Hacker group | Hacker groups are informal communities that began to flourish in the early 1980s, with the advent of the home computer. |
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