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Common cardinal veins | The common cardinal veins, also known as the ducts of Cuvier, are veins that drain into the sinus venosus during embryonic development. These drain an anterior cardinal vein and a posterior cardinal vein on each side. Each of the ducts of Cuvier receives an ascending vein. The ascending veins return the blood from the parietes of the trunk and from the Wolffian bodies, and are called cardinal veins. Part of the left common cardinal vein persists after birth to form the coronary sinus. |
Milnor number | In mathematics, and particularly singularity theory, the Milnor number, named after John Milnor, is an invariant of a function germ.
If f is a complex-valued holomorphic function germ then the Milnor number of f, denoted μ(f), is either a nonnegative integer, or is infinite. It can be considered both a geometric invariant and an algebraic invariant. This is why it plays an important role in algebraic geometry and singularity theory. |
Dezaemon 3D | Dezaemon 3D (Japanese: デザエモン3D) is a video game and game editor for Nintendo 64. It was released only in Japan in 1998.The game editor allows players to design their own shooting levels similar to those shown in Star Soldier: Vanishing Earth. The game has many options, such as creating the stage boss or adding a custom soundtrack for each level. It was originally developed alongside an ultimately unreleased accompanying expansion disk title for the 64DD.It includes two sample games: "SOLID GEAR", and "USAGI-san" (Mr. Rabbit). |
Axiom of union | In axiomatic set theory, the axiom of union is one of the axioms of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory. This axiom was introduced by Ernst Zermelo.The axiom states that for each set x there is a set y whose elements are precisely the elements of the elements of x. |
Gaia hypothesis | The Gaia hypothesis (), also known as the Gaia theory, Gaia paradigm, or the Gaia principle, proposes that living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a synergistic and self-regulating, complex system that helps to maintain and perpetuate the conditions for life on the planet. |
CDP-glycerol glycerophosphotransferase | In enzymology, a CDP-glycerol glycerophosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction CDP-glycerol + (glycerophosphate)n ⇌ CMP + (glycerophosphate)n+1Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are CDP-glycerol and (glycerophosphate)n, whereas its two products are CMP and (glycerophosphate)n+1.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring non-standard substituted phosphate groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is CDP-glycerol:poly(glycerophosphate) glycerophosphotransferase. Other names in common use include teichoic-acid synthase, cytidine diphosphoglycerol glycerophosphotransferase, poly(glycerol phosphate) polymerase, teichoic acid glycerol transferase, glycerophosphate synthetase, and CGPTase. |
Barfoed's test | Barfoed's test is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of monosaccharides. It is based on the reduction of copper(II) acetate to copper(I) oxide (Cu2O), which forms a brick-red precipitate.
RCHO + 2Cu2+ + 2H2O → RCOOH + Cu2O↓ + 4H+(Disaccharides may also react, but the reaction is much slower.) The aldehyde group of the monosaccharide which normally forms a cyclic hemiacetal is oxidized to the carboxylate. A number of other substances, including sodium chloride, may interfere.
Its autor is the Danish chemist Christen Thomsen Barfoed and is primarily used in botany.The test is similar to the reaction of Fehling's solution to aldehydes. |
Tristar 64 | The Tristar 64 is an unlicensed add-on for the Nintendo 64 (N64) video game console. Produced in Hong Kong by Future Laboratory, the Tristar 64 features two additional cartridge ports which are designed to accept cartridges created for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES, a.k.a. Famicom) and Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES, a.k.a. Super Famicom). The device then emulates the NES (via an NES-on-a-chip) or SNES hardware, and allows the cartridge to be run. The device also features built-in cheat cartridge functionality through a program called the X-Terminator, as well as the Memory Editor, which allows SRAM and EEPROM saved game data to be archived and edited. |
Royal Blood-Fresh | Royal Blood-Fresh (혈궁불로정) is a traditional Korean medicine (Koryo medicine) health supplement derived from soybeans. It is manufactured in North Korea and is the most famous product sold by the North Korean company, Pugang Pharmaceutic.It is marketed as a "blood purifier" and a preventative against deep-vein thrombosis. It is marketed to foreigners during Air Koryo flights and has been sold at Pyongyang Gwan, a North Korean restaurant in Hanoi, Vietnam. It has been dismissed outside of North Korea as a non-scientific "miracle cure".In 2017, three Russian nationals were arrested in South Korea for selling North Korean drugs, which included Royal Blood-Fresh, Kumdang-2, and Neo-Viagra-Y.R. |
VTES 3rd Edition | VTES 3rd Edition (Third) is a complete base set for White Wolf's trading card game Vampire: The Eternal Struggle released on 4 September 2006. White Wolf's page dedicated to the set indicates the reasoning for calling it the third edition: "White Wolf's eleventh expansion for Vampire: The Eternal Struggle is a stand-alone base set. It is called Third Edition (after the Camarilla Edition, which is reckoned as the second edition)." The expansion also happens to be the third set based on the Sabbat sect. It contained a whole new set of vampires, but mainly reprints of library cards. Due to insufficient quality management the distribution of the cards in the boosters and the overall printing quality was significantly worse than in previous expansions. In addition the card backs are printed upside-down (in comparison to all other expansions). De facto it is now required to use card sleeves in tournaments when a player uses cards from the 3rd Edition set mixed with cards from other expansions. These flaws caused some resentment towards the 3rd Edition set in the player community. Nonetheless, the expansion won the InQuest Gamer 2007 Fan Awards for best trading card expansion. |
Overstrike | In typography, overstrike is a method of printing characters that are missing from the printer's character set. The character is created by placing one character on another one – for example, overstriking ⟨L⟩ with ⟨-⟩ results in printing a ⟨Ł⟩ (L with stroke) character.
The ASCII code supports six different diacritics. These are: grave accent, tilde, acute accent (approximated by the apostrophe), diaeresis (double quote), cedilla (comma), and circumflex accent. Each is typed by typing the preceding character, then backspace, and then the 'related character', which is ⟨`⟩, ⟨~⟩, ⟨'⟩, ⟨"⟩, or ⟨^⟩, respectively for the above-mentioned accents.
With the wide adoption of Unicode (especially UTF-8, which supports a much larger number of characters in different writing systems), this technique is of little use today. However, combining characters such as diacritics are still used to depict characters which cannot be shown otherwise. |
B3GNT7 | UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 7 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the B3GNT7 gene. |
Through colour render | Through colour render is a sand/cement/lime based render that is made from White Portland cement (WOPC) and added pigment to produce a coloured effect that is throughout the body of the material. The pigment is preblended into the product as part of the manufacturing process to produce a prebagged product. Another name for these type of materials is monocouche renders. |
Bimetric gravity | Bimetric gravity or bigravity refers to two different classes of theories. The first class of theories relies on modified mathematical theories of gravity (or gravitation) in which two metric tensors are used instead of one. The second metric may be introduced at high energies, with the implication that the speed of light could be energy-dependent, enabling models with a variable speed of light. |
Fodder | Fodder (), also called provender (), is any agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. "Fodder" refers particularly to food given to the animals (including plants cut and carried to them), rather than that which they forage for themselves (called forage). Fodder includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, and sprouted grains and legumes (such as bean sprouts, fresh malt, or spent malt). Most animal feed is from plants, but some manufacturers add ingredients to processed feeds that are of animal origin. |
Quasiperiodic tiling | A quasiperiodic tiling is a tiling of the plane that exhibits local periodicity under some transformations: every finite subset of its tiles reappears infinitely often throughout the tiling, but there is no nontrivial way of superimposing the whole tiling onto itself so that all tiles overlap perfectly.
See Aperiodic tiling and Penrose tiling for a mathematical viewpoint.
Quasicrystal for a physics viewpoint. |
Spatial model of voting | In social choice theory, the spatial model of voting is used to simulate the behavior of voters in an election, either to explain voter behavior, or to estimate the likelihood of desirable or undesirable outcomes under different voting systems.: 3 This model positions voters and candidates in a one- or multi-dimensional space, where each dimension represents an attribute of the candidate that voters care about.: 14 Voters are then modeled as having an ideal point in this space, and voting for the nearest candidates to that point. (As this is a mathematical model that can apply to any form of election, including non-governmental elections, each dimension can represent any attribute of the candidates, such as a single political issue sub-component of an issue,: 435 or non-political properties of the candidates, such as perceived corruption, health, etc.) A political spectrum or compass can therefore be thought of as either an attribute space itself, or as a projection of a higher-dimensional space onto a smaller number of dimensions for simplicity. For example, a study of German voters found that at least four dimensions were required to adequately represent all political parties. |
CUDA | CUDA (or Compute Unified Device Architecture) is a proprietary and closed source parallel computing platform and application programming interface (API) that allows software to use certain types of graphics processing units (GPUs) for general purpose processing, an approach called general-purpose computing on GPUs (GPGPU). CUDA is a software layer that gives direct access to the GPU's virtual instruction set and parallel computational elements, for the execution of compute kernels.CUDA is designed to work with programming languages such as C, C++, and Fortran. This accessibility makes it easier for specialists in parallel programming to use GPU resources, in contrast to prior APIs like Direct3D and OpenGL, which required advanced skills in graphics programming. CUDA-powered GPUs also support programming frameworks such as OpenMP, OpenACC and OpenCL; and HIP by compiling such code to CUDA. |
Ivory tower | An ivory tower is a metaphorical place—or an atmosphere—where people are happily cut off from the rest of the world in favor of their own pursuits, usually mental and esoteric ones. From the 19th century, it has been used to designate an environment of intellectual pursuit disconnected from the practical concerns of everyday life. Most contemporary uses of the term refer to academia or the college and university systems in many countries.The term originated from the Biblical Song of Songs (7:4) with a different meaning and was later used as an epithet for Mary. |
Modedit | Modedit was a MOD file editor (a form of Tracker) for MS-DOS written by Norman Lin and distributed as Shareware in 1991 and 1992. It was one of the first MOD software available for the PC. Its ability to play MODs through the PC speaker without requiring additional sound hardware, was achieved by using code written by Mark J. Cox. |
3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline | 3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline is an organic compound with the formula CF3C6H4NH2. It is one of three isomers of trifluoromethylaniline. Classified as an aromatic amines, they are colorless liquids. The corresponding dimethylamino derivative is also known. |
V420 Aurigae | V420 Aurigae is a high-mass star with an inferred compact companion. Closely orbiting each other every 0.8 days, they are a source of X-ray emission.These coordinates were identified as an X-ray source using the Uhuru satellite in 1978, then associated with the star V420 Aurigae by V. F. Polcaro and associates in 1984. The spectrum of the star shows rapid variation in the lines of singly-ionized iron and Balmer line emission, with these varying on a time scale of less than 300 seconds. This lends support to the presence of a compact companion. The system displays an infrared excess, suggesting it has an orbiting circumstellar envelope of gas and possibly dust. The system appears to be positioned at the center of an irregular, wispy nebula that was detected in the infrared band. One of the two filaments in this nebula appears to be connected with the system. |
Pochi and Nyaa | Pochi and Nyaa (ポチッとにゃ〜, Pochittonya〜) is a puzzle video game developed by Aiky (continuing on from Compile) and released by Taito towards the end of 2003 for the Neo Geo. It was one of the last games developed for the platform, as well as the final Neo Geo MVS title developed by a third-party company. In 2004, it was ported to the PlayStation 2 by Bandai, featuring several improvements and new characters. |
PC Paintbrush | PC Paintbrush was a graphics editing software created by the ZSoft Corporation in 1984 for computers running the MS-DOS operating system. |
Zhan zhuang | Zhan zhuang (simplified Chinese: 站桩; traditional Chinese: 站樁; pinyin: zhàn zhuāng; lit. 'standing [like a] post') is a training method often practiced by students of neijia (internal kung fu), such as , Xing Yi Quan, Bagua Zhang and tai chi. Zhan zhuang is sometimes translated Standing-on-stake, Standing Qigong, Standing Like a Tree, Post-standing, Pile-standing, or Pylon Standing. |
Annals of Improbable Research | The Annals of Improbable Research (AIR) is a bimonthly magazine devoted to scientific humor, in the form of a satirical take on the standard academic journal. AIR, published six times a year since 1995, usually showcases at least one piece of scientific research being done on a strange or unexpected topic, but most of their articles concern real or fictional absurd experiments, such as a comparison of apples and oranges using infrared spectroscopy. Other features include such things as ratings of the cafeterias at scientific institutes, fake classifieds and advertisements for a medical plan called HMO-NO, and a very odd letters page. The magazine is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts. |
Zombie Apocalypse (video game) | Zombie Apocalypse is a downloadable action shoot 'em up video game developed by Nihilistic Software and published by Konami.In 2011, a sequel was released, Zombie Apocalypse: Never Die Alone. |
Postessive case | In linguistics, the postessive case (abbreviated POSTE) is a noun case that indicates position behind something.
This case is found in Northeast Caucasian languages like Lezgian and Agul. In Lezgian the suffix -хъ (-qh), when added to the ergative-case noun, marks the possessive case. This case is now rarely used for its original meaning "behind" and is often used to mean "with" or "in exchange for". |
Java Device Test Suite | Sun's Java Device Test Suite (JDTS) is the de facto industry-standard tool for assessing the quality of Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME platform) implementations. This tool performs quality testing for devices using the Java ME platform. A feature that distinguishes the Java Device Test Suite from Technology Compatibility Kit (TCKs) is its focus on an implementation's quality instead of an implementation's specification compliance. |
PinpointBPS | PinpointBPS is a methodology for process improvement in laboratories. It is underpinned by eight principles that form the basis for decision-making in a laboratory. While its application is mainly in healthcare — particularly medical laboratories — it has also been applied in other industries. The methodology has been heralded as "groundbreaking" in the field of laboratory performance improvement. |
Effluent sewer | Effluent sewer systems, also called septic tank effluent gravity (STEG), solids-free sewer (SFS), or septic tank effluent drainage (STED) systems, have septic tanks that collect sewage from residences and businesses, and the liquid fraction of sewage that comes out of the tank is conveyed to a downstream receiving body such as either a centralized sewage treatment plant or a distributed treatment system for further treatment or disposal away from the community generating the sewage. Most of the solids are removed by the interceptor tanks, so the treatment plant can be much smaller than a typical plant and any pumping for the supernatant can be simpler without grinders (sometimes water pumps are sufficient). An alternative effluent sewer which is similar to the STEG system is the STEP system. Because of the vast reduction of solid wastes and the capture of fats, oils and grease (FOG) within the interceptor tank, a pumping system can be used to move the wastewater under pressure rather than a gravity driven conveyance system. |
Natural Color System | The Natural Color System (NCS) is a proprietary perceptual color model. It is based on the color opponency hypothesis of color vision, first proposed by German physiologist Ewald Hering. The current version of the NCS was developed by the Swedish Colour Centre Foundation, from 1964 onwards. The research team consisted of Anders Hård, Lars Sivik and Gunnar Tonnquist, who in 1997 received the AIC Judd award for their work. The system is based entirely on the phenomenology of human perception and not on color mixing. It is illustrated by a color atlas, marketed by NCS Colour AB in Stockholm. |
Hot cell | Shielded nuclear radiation containment chambers are commonly referred to as hot cells. The word "hot" refers to radioactivity.
Hot cells are used in both the nuclear-energy and the nuclear-medicines industries.
They are required to protect individuals from radioactive isotopes by providing a safe containment box in which they can control and manipulate the equipment required. |
Coa de jima | A coa de jima or coa ("hoe for harvesting", "hoe") is a specialized tool for harvesting agaves. It is a long, machete-like round-ended knife on a long wooden handle used by a jimador to cut the leaves off an agave being harvested and to cut the agave from its roots. The core (or "heart") left, called piña ("pineapple"), is used for the production of mezcal, sotol or tequila. The shape of the coa is adapted for the efficiency of carrying out these operations. |
Lone Scouts | Lone Scouts are members of the Scout movement who are in isolated areas or otherwise do not participate in a regular Scouting unit or organization. A Lone Scout must meet the membership requirements of the Scouting organization to which they belong and have an adult Scout leader or counselor who may be a parent, guardian, minister, teacher, or another adult. The leader or counselor instructs the boy and reviews all steps of Scouting advancement. Lone Scouts can be in the Scout Section or sections for older young people, and in some countries in the Cub section or sections for younger boys. They follow the same program as other Scouts and may advance in the same way as all other Scouts. |
The Explicator | The Explicator is a quarterly journal of literary criticism. Current owner Routledge acquired the journal from Heldref Publications in 2009. It mainly publishes short papers on poetry and prose. It is indexed in the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI). It began publication in October 1942 and is in print. |
Flare fitting | Flare fittings are a type of compression fitting used with metal tubing, usually soft steel, ductile (soft) copper and aluminum, though other materials are also used. In a flare fitting the tube itself is "flared" i.e. expanded and deformed at the end. The flare is then pressed against the fitting it connects to and is secured by a close-fitting nut that ensures that no leakage happens. Tube flaring is a type of forging operation, and is usually a cold working procedure. During assembly, a flare nut is used to secure the flared tubing's tapered end to the also tapered fitting, producing a pressure-resistant, leak-tight seal. Flared connections offer a high degree of long-term reliability and for this reason are often used in mission-critical and inaccessible locations. The tool used to flare tubing consists of a die that grips the tube, and either a mandrel or rolling cone is forced into the end of the tube to form the flare by cold working. The most common flare fitting standards in use today are the 45° SAE flare ,the 37° JIC flare, and the 37° AN flare. For high pressure, flare joints are made by doubling the tube wall material over itself before the bell end is formed. The double flare avoids stretching the cut end where a single flare may crack. Before the flaring step, the end of the tube is compressed axially causing the tube wall to yield radially outward forming a bubble. This bubble is then driven axially by a conical tool forming a double thickness flare just as for the single flare. SAE 45° flare connections are commonly used in automotive applications,as well as for plumbing, refrigeration and air conditioning. SAE fittings for plumbing and refrigeration are typically made from brass. SAE and AN/JIC connections are incompatible due to the different flare angle. |
C1orf167 | Chromosome 1 open reading frame (C1orf167) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the C1orf167 gene. The NCBI accession number is NP_001010881. The protein is 1468 amino acids in length with a molecular weight of 162.42 kDa. The mRNA sequence was found to be 4689 base pairs in length. |
Authenticated Identity Body | Authenticated Identity Body or AIB is a method allowing parties in a network to share authenticated identity thereby increasing the integrity of their SIP communications. AIBs extend other authentication methods like S/MIME to provide a more specific mechanism to introduce integrity to SIP transmissions. Parties transmitting AIBs cryptographically sign a subset of SIP message headers, and such signatures assert the message originator's identity. To meet requirements of reference integrity (for example in defending against replay attacks) additional SIP message headers such as 'Date' and 'Contact' may be optionally included in the AIB. |
Air interdiction | Air interdiction (AI), also known as deep air support (DAS), is the use of preventive tactical bombing and strafing by combat aircraft against enemy targets that are not an immediate threat, to delay, disrupt or hinder later enemy engagement of friendly forces. It is a core capability of virtually all military air forces, and has been conducted in conflicts since World War I. |
Lossless join decomposition | In database design, a lossless join decomposition is a decomposition of a relation R into relations R1,R2 such that a natural join of the two smaller relations yields back the original relation. This is central in removing redundancy safely from databases while preserving the original data. |
Bead (woodworking) | A bead is a woodworking decorative treatment applied to various elements of wooden furniture, boxes and other items.
A bead is typically a rounded shape cut into a square edge to soften the edge and provide some protection against splitting. Beads can be simple round shapes, or more complex patterns.
A bead may be created with an electric router, a special moulding handplane or a scratch stock. Beads are usually cut directly into the edge of the item to which the bead is being applied. However, beads applied across the grain are usually cut into a separate piece, which is then fixed in position.
A bead is also an important design element in wood turning, a ring-shape or convex curve incised into a piece by the use of a chisel or skew. |
Child abduction alert system | A child abduction alert system (also Child Alert, Amber alert or Child Rescue Alert) is a tool used to alert the public in cases of worrying or life-threatening disappearances of children. |
Skein relation | Skein relations are a mathematical tool used to study knots. A central question in the mathematical theory of knots is whether two knot diagrams represent the same knot. One way to answer the question is using knot polynomials, which are invariants of the knot. If two diagrams have different polynomials, they represent different knots. In general, the converse does not hold. |
Transforming growth interacting factor | Transforming growth interacting factor (TGIF) is a potential repressor of TGF-β pathways in myometrial cells. Expression of TGIF is increased in uterine leiomyoma compared with myometrium. |
Spinothalamic tract | The spinothalamic tract is a part of the anterolateral system or the ventrolateral system, a sensory pathway to the thalamus. From the ventral posterolateral nucleus in the thalamus, sensory information is relayed upward to the somatosensory cortex of the postcentral gyrus.
The spinothalamic tract consists of two adjacent pathways: anterior and lateral. The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information about crude touch. The lateral spinothalamic tract conveys pain and temperature.
In the spinal cord, the spinothalamic tract has somatotopic organization. This is the segmental organization of its cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral components, which is arranged from most medial to most lateral respectively.
The pathway crosses over (decussates) at the level of the spinal cord, rather than in the brainstem like the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway and lateral corticospinal tract. It is one of the three tracts which make up the anterolateral system. |
Desensitization (medicine) | In medicine, desensitization is a method to reduce or eliminate an organism's negative reaction to a substance or stimulus. |
Rorschach test | The Rorschach test is a projective psychological test in which subjects' perceptions of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation, complex algorithms, or both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a person's personality characteristics and emotional functioning. It has been employed to detect underlying thought disorder, especially in cases where patients are reluctant to describe their thinking processes openly. The test is named after its creator, Swiss psychologist Hermann Rorschach. The Rorschach can be thought of as a psychometric examination of pareidolia, the active pattern of perceiving objects, shapes, or scenery as meaningful things to the observer's experience, the most common being faces or other pattern of forms that are not present at the time of the observation. In the 1960s, the Rorschach was the most widely used projective test.Although the Exner Scoring System (developed since the 1960s) claims to have addressed and often refuted many criticisms of the original testing system with an extensive body of research, some researchers continue to raise questions. The areas of dispute include the objectivity of testers, inter-rater reliability, the verifiability and general validity of the test, bias of the test's pathology scales towards greater numbers of responses, the limited number of psychological conditions which it accurately diagnoses, the inability to replicate the test's norms, its use in court-ordered evaluations, and the proliferation of the ten inkblot images, potentially invalidating the test for those who have been exposed to them. |
Testing effect | The testing effect (also known as retrieval practice, active recall, practice testing, or test-enhanced learning) suggests long-term memory is increased when part of the learning period is devoted to retrieving information from memory. It is different from the more general practice effect, defined in the APA Dictionary of Psychology as "any change or improvement that results from practice or repetition of task items or activities."Cognitive psychologists are working with educators to look at how to take advantage of tests—not as an assessment tool, but as a teaching tools as testing prior knowledge is more beneficial for learning when compared to reading or passively studying material, even more so when the test is more challenging for memory. |
Instrumentalism | In philosophy of science and in epistemology, instrumentalism is a methodological view that ideas are useful instruments, and that the worth of an idea is based on how effective it is in explaining and predicting natural phenomena. |
Null instantiation | In frame semantics, a theory of linguistic meaning, null instantiation is the name of a category used to annotate, or tag, absent semantic constituents or frame elements (Fillmore et al. 2003, Section 3.4). Frame semantics, best exemplified by the FrameNet project, views words as evoking frames of knowledge and frames as typically involving multiple components, called frame elements (e.g. buyer and goods in an acquisition). The term null refers to the fact that the frame element in question is absent. The logical object of the term instantiation refers to the frame element itself. So, null instantiation is an empty instantiation of a frame element. Ruppenhofer and Michaelis postulate an implicational regularity tying the interpretation type of an omitted argument to the frame membership of its predicator: "If a particular frame element role is lexically omissible under a particular interpretation (either anaphoric or existential) for one LU [lexical unit] in a frame, then for any other LUs in the same frame that allow the omission of this same FE [frame element], the interpretation of the missing FE is the same." (Ruppenhofer and Michaelis 2014: 66) |
Segmental arterial mediolysis | Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) is a rare disorder of the arteries characterized by the development of aneurysms, blood clots, narrowing of the arteries (stenoses), and blood collections (hematomas) in the affected distribution.SAM most commonly affects the arteries supplying the intestines and abdominal organs. |
Variable and attribute (research) | In science and research, an attribute is a quality of an object (person, thing, etc.). Attributes are closely related to variables. A variable is a logical set of attributes. Variables can "vary" – for example, be high or low. How high, or how low, is determined by the value of the attribute (and in fact, an attribute could be just the word "low" or "high"). (For example see: Binary option) While an attribute is often intuitive, the variable is the operationalized way in which the attribute is represented for further data processing. In data processing data are often represented by a combination of items (objects organized in rows), and multiple variables (organized in columns). |
Pulmonary valve stenosis | Pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) is a heart valve disorder. Blood going from the heart to the lungs goes through the pulmonary valve, whose purpose is to prevent blood from flowing back to the heart. In pulmonary valve stenosis this opening is too narrow, leading to a reduction of flow of blood to the lungs.While the most common cause of pulmonary valve stenosis is congenital heart disease, it may also be due to a malignant carcinoid tumor. Both stenosis of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve stenosis are forms of pulmonic stenosis (nonvalvular and valvular, respectively) but pulmonary valve stenosis accounts for 80% of pulmonic stenosis. PVS was the key finding that led Jacqueline Noonan to identify the syndrome now called Noonan syndrome. |
Industrial mineral | Industrial resources (minerals) are geological materials that are mined for their commercial value, which are not fuel (fuel minerals or mineral fuels) and are not sources of metals (metallic minerals) but are used in the industries based on their physical and/or chemical properties.
They are used in their natural state or after beneficiation either as raw materials or as additives in a wide range of applications. |
Ternary search tree | In computer science, a ternary search tree is a type of trie (sometimes called a prefix tree) where nodes are arranged in a manner similar to a binary search tree, but with up to three children rather than the binary tree's limit of two. Like other prefix trees, a ternary search tree can be used as an associative map structure with the ability for incremental string search. However, ternary search trees are more space efficient compared to standard prefix trees, at the cost of speed. Common applications for ternary search trees include spell-checking and auto-completion. |
Sunbreak | A sunbreak is a natural phenomenon in which sunlight obscured over a relatively large area penetrates the obscuring material in a localized space. The typical example is of sunlight shining through a hole in cloud cover. A sunbreak piercing clouds normally produces a visible shaft of light reflected by atmospheric dust and or moisture, called a sunbeam. Another form of sunbreak occurs when sunlight passes into an area otherwise shadowed by surrounding large buildings through a gap temporarily aligned with the position of the sun. |
WBXML | WAP Binary XML (WBXML) is a binary representation of XML. It was developed by the WAP Forum and since 2002 is maintained by the Open Mobile Alliance as a standard to allow XML documents to be transmitted in a compact manner over mobile networks and proposed as an addition to the World Wide Web Consortium's Wireless Application Protocol family of standards. The MIME media type application/vnd.wap.wbxml has been defined for documents that use WBXML. |
Video bingo | Video bingo, or electronic bingo machine, is a type of slot machine or amusement-with-prize machine (AWP) which instead of the typical reel-style game play, one or more bingo cards can be played on the machine. |
Internet Explorer | Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer and Windows Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated as IE or MSIE) is a deprecated (or discontinued for most modern Windows editions) series of graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft that were used in the Windows line of operating systems. While IE has been discontinued on most Windows editions, it remains supported on certain editions of Windows, such as Windows 10 LTSB/LTSC. Starting in 1995, it was first released as part of the add-on package Plus! for Windows 95 that year. Later versions were available as free downloads or in-service packs and included in the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) service releases of Windows 95 and later versions of Windows. Microsoft spent over US$100 million per year on Internet Explorer in the late 1990s, with over 1,000 people involved in the project by 1999. New feature development for the browser was discontinued in 2016 and ended support on June 15, 2022, in favor of its successor, Microsoft Edge. |
Rock festival | A rock festival is an open-air rock concert featuring many different performers, typically spread over two or three days and having a campsite and other amenities and forms of entertainment provided at the venue. Some festivals are singular events, while others recur annually in the same location. Occasionally, a festival will focus on a particular genre (e.g., folk, heavy metal, world music), but many attempt to bring together a diverse lineup to showcase a broad array of popular music trends. |
Geneforge 3 | Geneforge 3 is the third video game in the Geneforge series of role-playing video games created by Spiderweb Software. |
Vinblastine | Vinblastine (VBL), sold under the brand name Velban among others, is a chemotherapy medication, typically used with other medications, to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, brain cancer, melanoma, and testicular cancer. It is given by injection into a vein.Most people experience some side effects. Commonly it causes a change in sensation, constipation, weakness, loss of appetite, and headaches. Severe side effects include low blood cell counts and shortness of breath. It should not be given to people who have a current bacterial infection. Use during pregnancy will likely harm the baby. Vinblastine works by blocking cell division.Vinblastine was isolated in 1958. An example of a natural herbal remedy that has since been developed into a conventional medicine, vinblastine was originally obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. |
MediaMan | MediaMan is a general purpose collection organizer software for establishing a personal database of media collections (DVDs, CDs, books, etc.) developed by He Shiming.
Debuted in 2004 as freeware, MediaMan is the first software in its genre to create the concept of general purpose organizer, as people usually have to pay two licenses for a book organizer and a video organizer.
The license of MediaMan was freeware until late 2006, when the author decided to switch to shareware with a price of $39.95 for each license.
Amazon Web Services (later called E-Commerce Service and Product Advertising API) was used to retrieve product information automatically during the import process in MediaMan, which means it is also a part of the Amazon Associates program. However, the latest version of MediaMan (v3.10 series) no longer uses this API due to the efficiency guidelines introduced in October 2010.
MediaMan is also known as a Windows alternative to Mac OS X's Delicious Library.
Software development seems to have stalled with the last release of a beta of MediaMan 4.0 back in December 2013. There have been a growing number of bugs in the software that has made the program unusable for some. Communications with the developer have stopped, development and bug fixes have ceased, and the site has gone offline. |
RIMS2 | Regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RIMS2 gene. |
Adenylyl-(glutamate—ammonia ligase) hydrolase | In enzymology, an adenylyl-[glutamate---ammonia ligase] hydrolase (EC 3.1.4.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction adenylyl-[L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)] + H2O ⇌ adenylate + [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)]Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are [[adenylyl-[L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)]]] and H2O, whereas its two products are adenylate and L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming).
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric diester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is adenylyl-[L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)] adenylylhydrolase. Other names in common use include adenylyl-[glutamine-synthetase]hydrolase, and adenylyl(glutamine synthetase) hydrolase. |
Confirmation holism | In philosophy of science, confirmation holism, also called epistemological holism, is the view that no individual statement can be confirmed or disconfirmed by an empirical test, but rather that only a set of statements (a whole theory) can be so. It is attributed to Willard Van Orman Quine who motivated his holism through extending Pierre Duhem's problem of underdetermination in physical theory to all knowledge claims.Duhem's idea was, roughly, that no theory of any type can be tested in isolation but only when embedded in a background of other hypotheses, e.g. hypotheses about initial conditions. Quine thought that this background involved not only such hypotheses but also our whole web of belief, which, among other things, includes our mathematical and logical theories and our scientific theories. This last claim is sometimes known as the Duhem–Quine thesis.A related claim made by Quine, though contested by some (see Adolf Grünbaum 1962), is that one can always protect one's theory against refutation by attributing failure to some other part of our web of belief. In his own words, "Any statement can be held true come what may, if we make drastic enough adjustments elsewhere in the system." |
Delamanid | Delamanid, sold under the brand name Deltyba, is a medication used to treat tuberculosis. Specifically it is used, along with other antituberculosis medications, for active multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. It is taken by mouth.Common side effects include headache, dizziness, and nausea. Other side effects include QT prolongation. It has not been studied in pregnancy as of 2016. Delamanid works by blocking the manufacture of mycolic acids thus destabilising the bacterial cell wall. It is in the nitroimidazole class of medications.Delamanid was approved for medical use in 2014 in Europe, Japan, and South Korea. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. As of 2016 the Stop TB Partnership had an agreement to get the medication for US$1,700 per six month for use in more than 100 countries. |
Functional symptom | A functional symptom is a medical symptom with no known physical cause. In other words, there is no structural or pathologically defined disease to explain the symptom. The use of the term 'functional symptom' does not assume psychogenesis, only that the body is not functioning as expected. Functional symptoms are increasingly viewed within a framework in which 'biological, psychological, interpersonal and healthcare factors' should all be considered to be relevant for determining the aetiology and treatment plans.Historically, there has often been fierce debate about whether certain problems are predominantly related to an abnormality of structure (disease) or are psychosomatic in nature, and what are at one stage posited to be functional symptoms are sometimes later reclassified as organic, as investigative techniques improve. It is well established that psychosomatic symptoms are a real phenomenon, so this potential explanation is often plausible, however the commonality of a range of psychological symptoms and functional weakness does not imply that one causes the other. For example, symptoms associated with migraine, epilepsy, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, stomach ulcers, chronic fatigue syndrome, Lyme disease and many other conditions have all tended historically at first to be explained largely as physical manifestations of the patient's psychological state of mind; until such time as new physiological knowledge is eventually gained. Another specific example is functional constipation, which may have psychological or psychiatric causes. However, one type of apparently functional constipation, anismus, may have a neurological (physical) basis. |
Bog spavin | Bog spavin is a swelling of the tibiotarsal joint of the horse's hock which, in itself, does not cause lameness. The joint becomes distended by excess synovial fluid and/or thickened synovial tissue bringing about a soft, fluctuant swelling on the front of the joint, as well as in the medial and lateral plantar pouches. Bog spavin is generally an indication of underlying pathology within the joint. |
Qteros | Qteros, Inc. is an American energy company researching the production of cellulosic ethanol from a variety of non-food feedstock sources including corn stover, corn cobs, switchgrass, and sugar cane bagasse.Qteros's process combines proprietary science and microbiology that enables a simplified biomass-to-ethanol conversion. Their proprietary microorganism is the Q Microbe® (Clostridium phytofermentans).In January 2011, Qteros announced its partnership with Praj Industries of India, a publicly traded builder of ethanol plants. Praj Industries has built about 70% of the 400 ethanol mills in India. |
Photosynthesis system | Photosynthesis systems are electronic scientific instruments designed for non-destructive measurement of photosynthetic rates in the field. Photosynthesis systems are commonly used in agronomic and environmental research, as well as studies of the global carbon cycle. |
Wadding | Wadding is a disc of material used in guns to seal gas behind a projectile (a bullet or ball), or to separate the propellant from loosely packed shots.Wadding can be crucial to a gun's efficiency, since any gas that leaks past a projectile as it is being fired is wasted. A harder or more carefully designed item which serves this purpose is often called a sabot. Wadding for muzzleloaders is typically a small piece of cloth, or paper wrapping from the cartridge. |
Algebraic cycle | In mathematics, an algebraic cycle on an algebraic variety V is a formal linear combination of subvarieties of V. These are the part of the algebraic topology of V that is directly accessible by algebraic methods. Understanding the algebraic cycles on a variety can give profound insights into the structure of the variety. |
LAT2 | Linker for activation of T-cells family member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAT2 gene.This gene is one of the contiguous genes at 7q11.23 commonly deleted in Williams syndrome, a multisystem developmental disorder. This gene consists of at least 14 exons, and its alternative splicing generates 3 transcript variants, all encoding the same protein. |
X-Men in other media | The X-Men are a fictional superhero team created by Marvel Comics that appear in comic books and other forms of media. |
Uranium–thorium dating | Uranium–thorium dating, also called thorium-230 dating, uranium-series disequilibrium dating or uranium-series dating, is a radiometric dating technique established in the 1960s which has been used since the 1970s to determine the age of calcium carbonate materials such as speleothem or coral. Unlike other commonly used radiometric dating techniques such as rubidium–strontium or uranium–lead dating, the uranium-thorium technique does not measure accumulation of a stable end-member decay product. Instead, it calculates an age from the degree to which secular equilibrium has been restored between the radioactive isotope thorium-230 and its radioactive parent uranium-234 within a sample. |
Twister ribozyme | The twister ribozyme is a catalytic RNA structure capable of self-cleavage. The nucleolytic activity of this ribozyme has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro and has one of the fastest catalytic rates of naturally occurring ribozymes with similar function. The twister ribozyme is considered to be a member of the small self-cleaving ribozyme family which includes the hammerhead, hairpin, hepatitis delta virus (HDV), Varkud satellite (VS), and glmS ribozymes. |
Leica M mount | The Leica M mount is a camera lens mount introduced in 1954 with the Leica M3, and a range of lenses. It has been used on all the Leica M-series cameras and certain accessories (e.g. Visoflex reflex viewing attachment) up to the current film Leica M-A and digital Leica M11 cameras.
This lens mount has also been used by Epson, Ricoh, Minolta, Konica, Cosina Voigtländer, Rollei, Carl Zeiss AG and Rollei Fototechnic on some of their cameras. |
Lifshitz theory of van der Waals force | In condensed matter physics and physical chemistry, the Lifshitz theory of van der Waals forces, sometimes called the macroscopic theory of van der Waals forces, is a method proposed by Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz in 1954 for treating van der Waals forces between bodies which does not assume pairwise additivity of the individual intermolecular forces; that is to say, the theory takes into account the influence of neighboring molecules on the interaction between every pair of molecules located in the two bodies, rather than treating each pair independently. |
Pad see ew | Pad see ew (phat si-io or pad siew, Thai: ผัดซีอิ๊ว, RTGS: phat si-io, pronounced [pʰàt sīːʔíw]) is a stir-fried noodle dish that is commonly eaten in Thailand. It can be found easily among street food vendors and is also quite popular in Thai restaurants around the world. The origins of the dish can be traced to China from where the noodle stir-frying technique was brought.The dish is prepared in a wok which allows the black soy sauce added at the end of the cooking process to stick to the noodles for an exaggerated caramelizing and charring effect. The dish may look a little burnt, but the charred smoky flavor is the defining feature of the dish.The name of the dish translates to "fried with soy sauce". Variations of the dish can be found in other countries as well. It is very similar to the char kway teow of Malaysia and Singapore and to Cantonese chow fun. It is also similar to rat na (in Thai) or lard na (in Laos). The difference is that pad see ew is normally stir-fried dry and made with beef, while the aforementioned dishes are served in a thickened sauce and generally have a lighter taste.Pad see ew is made with light soy sauce (''si-io khao'', similar to the regular soy sauce), dark soy sauce (si-io dam, having a more syrupy consistency), garlic, broad rice noodles called kuaitiao sen yai in Thai, Chinese broccoli, egg, and tofu or some form of thinly sliced meat – commonly pork, chicken, beef, shrimp, or mixed seafood. It is generally garnished with ground white pepper. |
CleanBrowsing | CleanBrowsing is a free public DNS resolver with content filtering, founded by Daniel B. Cid and Tony Perez. It supports DNS TLS over port 853 and DNS over HTTP over port 443 in addition to the standard DNS over port 53. CleanBrowsing filters can be used by parents to protect their children from adult and inappropriate content online. |
Zussmanite | Zussmanite is a hydrated iron-rich silicate mineral with the chemical formula K(Fe2+,Mg,Mn)13[AlSi17O42](OH)14. It occurs as pale green crystals with perfect cleavage. |
Isonocardicin synthase | In enzymology, an isonocardicin synthase (EC 2.5.1.38) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + nocardicin E ⇌ 5'-methylthioadenosine + isonocardicin AThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl-L-methionine and nocardicin E, whereas its two products are 5'-methylthioadenosine and isonocardicin A.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aryl or alkyl groups other than methyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:nocardicin-E 3-amino-3-carboxypropyltransferase. This enzyme is also called nocardicin aminocarboxypropyltransferase. |
Python Server Pages | Python Server Pages (PSP) is a name used by several different implementations of server-side script engines for creating dynamically-generated web pages by embedding Python in HTML. For example, an implementation of Python Server Pages was released with mod_python 3.1 in 2004.Spyce, which also claims the phrase "Python Server Pages", was first released in 2002.
The Webware for Python suite also contains an implementation of Python Server Pages released as early as 2000.
An earlier tool with a similar function also called Python Server Pages but based on Java and JPython was first released in 1999.It was one of the earliest web development support in Python and has long since been surpassed in popularity by systems such as Django or Flask. |
Pitch (baseball) | In baseball, the pitch is the act of throwing the baseball toward home plate to start a play. The term comes from the Knickerbocker Rules. Originally, the ball had to be thrown underhand, much like "pitching in horseshoes". Overhand pitching was not allowed in baseball until 1884.
The biomechanics of pitching have been studied extensively. The phases of pitching include the windup, early cocking, late cocking, early acceleration, late acceleration, deceleration, and follow-through. |
Chillcuring | Chillcuring is a grain ventilating process, especially for fresh-harvested shelled corn. |
Cytoskeleton associated protein 2 like | Cytoskeleton associated protein 2 like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CKAP2L gene. |
Personality changes | == Introduction == Personality change refers to the different forms of change in various aspects of personality. These changes include how we experience things, how our perception of experiences changes, and how we react in situations. An individual's personality may stay somewhat consistent throughout their life. Still, more often than not, everyone undergoes some form of change to their personality in their lifetime.Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic thinking, feeling, and behavior patterns. Our personality is like a puzzle; each piece can come from internal or external factors. The many pieces can come from events, circumstances, genetics, or life experiences. Each piece creates our personality as a whole. |
Rayleigh–Ritz method | The Rayleigh–Ritz method is a direct numerical method of approximating eigenvalues, originated in the context of solving physical boundary value problems and named after Lord Rayleigh and Walther Ritz. |
Boronic acid | A boronic acid is an organic compound related to boric acid (B(OH)3) in which one of the three hydroxyl groups (−OH) is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group (represented by R in the general formula R−B(OH)2). As a compound containing a carbon–boron bond, members of this class thus belong to the larger class of organoboranes. |
Medical statistics | Medical statistics deals with applications of statistics to medicine and the health sciences, including epidemiology, public health, forensic medicine, and clinical research. Medical statistics has been a recognized branch of statistics in the United Kingdom for more than 40 years but the term has not come into general use in North America, where the wider term 'biostatistics' is more commonly used. However, "biostatistics" more commonly connotes all applications of statistics to biology. Medical statistics is a subdiscipline of statistics. "It is the science of summarizing, collecting, presenting and interpreting data in medical practice, and using them to estimate the magnitude of associations and test hypotheses. It has a central role in medical investigations. It not only provides a way of organizing information on a wider and more formal basis than relying on the exchange of anecdotes and personal experience, but also takes into account the intrinsic variation inherent in most biological processes." |
Falu red | Falu red or falun red ( FAH-loo; Swedish: falu rödfärg, pronounced [ˈfɑ̂ːlɵ ˈrø̂ː(d)færj]) is a permeable red paint commonly used on wooden cottages and barns in Sweden, Finland, and Norway. |
Interpolation attack | In cryptography, an interpolation attack is a type of cryptanalytic attack against block ciphers. |
Olympus Zuiko Digital 14-54mm f/2.8-3.5 | The Zuiko Digital 14–54 mm f/2.8–3.5 is a Four Thirds System High Grade series lens by Olympus Corporation, initially sold in a kit with the Olympus E-1 camera body and also available separately. Three glass aspherical lenses are used in its optical formulation. It was positioned as an upgrade to the 14-45mm kit lens in terms of focal length range while having larger apertures. It was replaced as the premium kit lens by the Olympus Zuiko Digital ED 12-60mm f/2.8-4 SWD with the release of the E-3, and later was directly replaced by the Olympus Zuiko Digital 14-54mm f/2.8-3.5 II, which is more suited for mirror-up or mirrorless operation. |
Ontology (information science) | In information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming, and definition of the categories, properties, and relations between the concepts, data, and entities that substantiate one, many, or all domains of discourse. More simply, an ontology is a way of showing the properties of a subject area and how they are related, by defining a set of concepts and categories that represent the subject. |
Lobectomy | Not to be confused with a Lobotomy Lobectomy means surgical excision of a lobe. This may refer to a lobe of the lung (also simply called a lobectomy), a lobe of the thyroid (hemithyroidectomy), a lobe of the brain (as in anterior temporal lobectomy), or a lobe of the liver (hepatectomy). |
Crown-rump length | Crown-rump length (CRL) is the measurement of the length of human embryos and fetuses from the top of the head (crown) to the bottom of the buttocks (rump). It is typically determined from ultrasound imagery and can be used to estimate gestational age. |
Shimura correspondence | In number theory, the Shimura correspondence is a correspondence between modular forms F of half integral weight k+1/2, and modular forms f of even weight 2k, discovered by Goro Shimura (1973). It has the property that the eigenvalue of a Hecke operator Tn2 on F is equal to the eigenvalue of Tn on f.
Let f be a holomorphic cusp form with weight (2k+1)/2 and character χ . For any prime number p, let ∑n=1∞Λ(n)n−s=∏p(1−ωpp−s+(χp)2p2k−1−2s)−1, where ωp 's are the eigenvalues of the Hecke operators T(p2) determined by p.
Using the functional equation of L-function, Shimura showed that F(z)=∑n=1∞Λ(n)qn is a holomorphic modular function with weight 2k and character χ2 Shimura's proof uses the Rankin-Selberg convolution of f(z) with the theta series θψ(z)=∑n=−∞∞ψ(n)nνe2iπn2z(ν=1−ψ(−1)2) for various Dirichlet characters ψ then applies Weil's converse theorem. |
Memoirs of Modern Love: Curious Age | Memoirs of Modern Love: Curious Age (現代愛の事典 知りたい年頃, Gendai Ai no Jiten: Shiritai Toshigoro) aka Contemporary Dictionary of Love: Age of Curiosity is a 1967 Japanese pink film directed by Shin'ya Yamamoto and featuring Naomi Tani in one of her earliest starring roles. |
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