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Kelvin–Planck statement Introduction Second_law_of_thermodynamics > Introduction If an isolated system containing distinct subsystems is held initially in internal thermodynamic equilibrium by internal partitioning by impermeable walls between the subsystems, and then some operation makes the walls more permeable, then... |
Carbon dioxide partial pressure Structure, bonding and molecular vibrations CO2 > Chemical and physical properties > Structure, bonding and molecular vibrations The symmetry of a carbon dioxide molecule is linear and centrosymmetric at its equilibrium geometry. The length of the carbon-oxygen bond in carbon dioxide is ... |
Widespread fatigue damage Rule to predict the occurrence of WFD Widespread_fatigue_damage > Rule to predict the occurrence of WFD First, a parameter called Limits Of Validity (LOV) is defined. LOV is defined as “the period of time (in flight cycles, hours or both) up to which WFD will not occur in aeroplane structure.”... |
Myc Animal models Myc_gene > Animal models In Drosophila Myc is encoded by the diminutive locus, (which was known to geneticists prior to 1935). Classical diminutive alleles resulted in a viable animal with small body size. Drosophila has subsequently been used to implicate Myc in cell competition, endoreplication, and... |
Theory X Summary Theory_X Theory X and Theory Y are theories of human work motivation and management. They were created by Douglas McGregor while he was working at the MIT Sloan School of Management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. McGregor's work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of ... |
Coherent cohomology Sheaf cohomology Coherent_cohomology > Sheaf cohomology For a sheaf F {\displaystyle {\mathcal {F}}} of abelian groups on a topological space X {\displaystyle X} , the sheaf cohomology groups H i ( X , F ) {\displaystyle H^{i}(X,{\mathcal {F}})} for integers i {\displaystyle i} are defined as the ri... |
Werner syndrome Effects on cell structure and function Werner's_syndrome > Causes > Effects on cell structure and function However, patients with Werner syndrome often exhibit accelerated telomere shortening, indicating that there may be a connection between the loss of the WRN helicase activity and telomere and cell i... |
Transorma Manual sorting Transorma > History > Manual sorting At larger sorting stations there were many potential routes, and a single sorter could not be expected to remember them all. For instance, all the out-of-state mail routed to New York state might be sent to a single state-wide sorting station, as stations in... |
Assembly code Macros Conditional_assembly_language > Language design > Macros In assembly language, the term "macro" represents a more comprehensive concept than it does in some other contexts, such as the pre-processor in the C programming language, where its #define directive typically is used to create short single ... |
Zinc bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) Structure Zinc_bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) > Chemistry > Structure Compounds of the type Zn(S2CNR2)2 are dimeric, i.e. their proper formula is 2. Each Zn center is in a distorted pentacoordinate site, with four Zn-S bonds of 2.3 Å length and one Zn---S interaction >2.8 Å in length. Mo... |
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency Hormone replacement Congenital_adrenal_hyperplasia_due_to_21-hydroxylase_deficiency > Treatment > Long-term management of CAH > Hormone replacement Various clinical results, besides the steroids, require regular monitoring. The negative consequences are pr... |
Knowledge graph embedding Capsule neural networks Knowledge_graph_embedding > Models > Deep learning models > Capsule neural networks This family of models uses capsule neural networks to create a more stable representation that is able to recognize a feature in the input without losing spatial information. The network... |
Average case analysis Sorting algorithms Average_case_analysis > Examples > Sorting algorithms iterations. Computers have limited memory, so the generated numbers cycle; it might not be possible to reach each permutation. In the worst case this leads to O(∞) time, an infinite loop. |
Automatic and controlled processes Controlled processes Automatic_and_controlled_processes > Characteristics > Controlled processes The two-task condition had the same first assignment, but they were required to switch spots with the speaker and take their place after that. Even after being specifically told that they ... |
Use case points Unadjusted Use Case Weight (UUCW) Use_case_points > Method > Unadjusted Use Case Weight (UUCW) Once all use cases have been classified as simple, average or complex, the total weight (UUCW) is determined by summing the corresponding weights for each use case. The following chart shows the different clas... |
Antibonding electron Diatomic molecules Antibonding_molecular_orbital > Diatomic molecules A molecular orbital becomes antibonding when there is less electron density between the two nuclei than there would be if there were no bonding interaction at all. When a molecular orbital changes sign (from positive to negative)... |
Database programming 1970s, relational DBMS Database_language > History > 1970s, relational DBMS But Codd was more interested in the difference in semantics: the use of explicit identifiers made it easier to define update operations with clean mathematical definitions, and it also enabled query operations to be defined... |
Matrix multiplication Fundamental applications Matrix_multiplication > Fundamental applications Historically, matrix multiplication has been introduced for facilitating and clarifying computations in linear algebra. This strong relationship between matrix multiplication and linear algebra remains fundamental in all mat... |
Fourier transforms Units and duality Fourier_transformations > Properties of the Fourier transform > Units and duality In other conventions, the Fourier transform has i in the exponent instead of −i, and vice versa for the inversion formula. This convention is common in modern physics and is the default for Wolfram Alp... |
Exponential generating series Summary Exponential_generating_function The particular generating function, if any, that is most useful in a given context will depend upon the nature of the sequence and the details of the problem being addressed. Generating functions are often expressed in closed form (rather than as a s... |
Data General microNOVA I/O Instructions Data_General_microNOVA > Technical description > Instruction set > I/O Instructions Channel 63 referred to the CPU itself and was used for various special functions. Each I/O instruction contained a six-bit channel number field, a four-bit to specify which register to read or wri... |
Liminality General sources Liminality > General sources S2CID 194094479. St. John, Graham (2014). |
Upadacitinib Pharmacokinetics Upadacitinib > Pharmacology > Pharmacokinetics When in the bloodstream, 52% of the substance are bound to plasma proteins. It is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4, and possibly to a minor extent by CYP2D6. The most important pathway consists of oxidation to a carboxylic acid and subsequent gluc... |
Linearization Optimization Linearization > Uses of linearization > Optimization In mathematical optimization, cost functions and non-linear components within can be linearized in order to apply a linear solving method such as the Simplex algorithm. The optimized result is reached much more efficiently and is determinis... |
Mitotic cell rounding Mechanisms Mitotic_cell_rounding > Mechanisms This in turn yields an increase in intracellular hydrostatic pressure due to the Law of Laplace, which relates surface tension of a fluid interface to the differential pressure sustained across that interface. The increase in hydrostatic pressure is im... |
Seismic refraction Summary Seismic_refraction The methods depend on the fact that seismic waves have differing velocities in different types of soil or rock. The waves are refracted when they cross the boundary between different types (or conditions) of soil or rock. The methods enable the general soil types and the ap... |
Class C share Debt-to-Equity Ratio (D/E Ratio) Class_C_share > Valuation Metrics of Class B Shares > Debt-to-Equity Ratio (D/E Ratio) The D/E ratio is a leverage ratio which determines how much debt a company uses to finance its assets. It evaluates the company’s financial leverage by dividing total liabilities by shar... |
Tropical cyclones Formation Cold_wake > Intensity > Formation This creates a flow of warm, moist, rapidly rising air, which starts to rotate cyclonically as it interacts with the rotation of the earth.Several factors are required for these thunderstorms to develop further, including sea surface temperatures of around 2... |
Mitochondria associated membranes Regulation of lipid metabolism Mitochondria_associated_membranes_(MAM) > Role > Regulation of lipid metabolism Transport of phosphatidylserine into mitochondria from the ER for decarboxylation to phosphatidylethanolamine through the ER-mitochondria lipid which transform phosphatidic ac... |
Molar heat capacity Dulong–Petit law Molar_heat_capacity > Physical basis > Specific heat of solids > Dulong–Petit law Those conditions imply larger quantum vibrational energy spacing, thus many vibrational modes are "frozen out" at room temperature. Water ice close to the melting point, too, has an anomalously low hea... |
H-theorem Loschmidt's paradox H-theorem > Criticism and exceptions > Loschmidt's paradox Once the particles are allowed to collide, their velocity directions and positions in fact do become correlated (however, these correlations are encoded in an extremely complex manner). This shows that an (ongoing) assumption of in... |
Strip search Summary Strip_search A strip search is a practice of searching a person for weapons or other contraband suspected of being hidden on their body or inside their clothing, and not found by performing a frisk search, but by requiring the person to remove some or all clothing. The search may involve an officia... |
Gene cassette Genetic engineering Gene_cassette > Genetic engineering In genetic engineering, a gene cassette is a manipulable fragment of DNA carrying, and capable of expressing, one or more genes of interest between one or more sets of restriction sites. It can be transferred from one DNA sequence (usually on a vecto... |
Analysis Music Analysis > Applications > Music Schenkerian analysis Schenkerian analysis is a collection of music analysis that focuses on the production of the graphic representation. This includes both analytical procedure as well as the notational style. Simply put, it analyzes tonal music which includes all chords ... |
Complex gain LTI systems Complex_gain > LTI systems It is the time that peak of the output lags behind that of the input. ∙ {\displaystyle \bullet } The complex gain is Q ( i ω ) / P ( i ω ) {\displaystyle Q(i\omega )/P(i\omega )} . This is the factor that the complex input is multiplied by to get the complex output. |
Laws of physics History Empirical_laws > History And not Seneca alone. Legal models of scientific judgment turn up all over the place, and for example prove equally integral to Ptolemy's approach to verification, where the mind is assigned the role of magistrate, the senses that of disclosure of evidence, and dialectic... |
Left recursion Non-technical Introduction Left_recursion > Non-technical Introduction Let's chop down the name in parts: VSB Bank: V = Verenigde (United) S = Spaarbank (Savings Bank) B = Bank Bank.Concluding: VSB Bank = Verenigde Spaarbank Bank Bank. Now you see what a left recursive name abbreviation is all about. The... |
Glossary of linear algebra Z Glossary_of_linear_algebra > Z Zero vector The additive identity in a vector space. In a normed vector space, it is the unique vector of norm zero. In a Euclidean vector space, it is the unique vector of length zero. |
Valentin Bousch Influences Valentin_Bousch > Influences Bousch had his own experience in panel painting. In Bousch's later work, particularly the windows of Flavigny-sur-Moselle, in addition to using these artists' works as models, Bousch introduced many novelties. Gothic decorations like foliage and damask backgrounds... |
Anti-diagonal matrix Formal definition Anti-diagonal_matrix > Formal definition An n-by-n matrix A is an anti-diagonal matrix if the (i, j) element is zero ∀ i , j ∈ { 1 , … , n } ( i + j ≠ n + 1 ) . {\displaystyle \forall i,j\in \left\{1,\ldots ,n\right\}(i+j\neq n+1).} |
Global symmetry Mathematics Global_symmetry > Mathematics Another symmetry which is part of some theories of physics and not in others is scale invariance which involve Weyl transformations of the following kind: δ ϕ ( x ) = Ω ( x ) ϕ ( x ) {\displaystyle \delta \phi (x)=\Omega (x)\phi (x)} If the fields have this symm... |
Gliese 581 system Planets Gliese_581_system > Planetary system > Planets Analysis of the radial velocity data has produced several models for the orbital arrangement of the system. 3-planet, 4-planet, 5-planet and 6-planet models have been proposed to address the available radial velocity data, with the current consens... |
IBM mainframe utility programs Compilers IBM_mainframe_utility_programs > Miscellaneous supporting programs > Compilers Each programming language used in a computer shop will have one or more associated compilers that translate a source program into a machine-language object module. Then the object module from the comp... |
Cytotoxicity Cell physiology Cytotoxicity > Cell physiology Cells that undergo rapid necrosis in vitro do not have sufficient time or energy to activate apoptotic machinery and will not express apoptotic markers. Apoptosis is characterized by well defined cytological and molecular events including a change in the refra... |
Insular energy system Classification of systems Insular_energy_system > Classification of systems Category C: Mainland countries with no grid interconnectionThe GDP of the majority of countries found in this category is very low. The political situation in these countries limits the investment in electricity infrastruc... |
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging perfusion Indications Cardiac_magnetic_resonance_imaging_perfusion > Indications There are two main reasons for doing this test: To assess the significance of a stenosis (narrowing) in one or more of the coronary arteries that has been previously identified either by standard coronary... |
Pretty Good Privacy Web of trust OpenPGP > Design > Web of trust Both when encrypting messages and when verifying signatures, it is critical that the public key used to send messages to someone or some entity actually does 'belong' to the intended recipient. Simply downloading a public key from somewhere is not a relia... |
Complex value Quantum mechanics Complex_square > Applications > In physics > Quantum mechanics The complex number field is intrinsic to the mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics, where complex Hilbert spaces provide the context for one such formulation that is convenient and perhaps most standard. The original... |
Anchoring bias Causes Anchoring_bias > Causes Several theories have been put forth to explain what causes anchoring, and although some explanations are more popular than others, there is no consensus as to which is best. In a study on possible causes of anchoring, two authors described anchoring as easy to demonstrate,... |
HIV superinfection Immunology HIV_superinfection > Immunology The anti-HIV antibody response broadens and strengthens in individuals post-superinfection. The finding that superinfection occurs within and between HIV subtypes suggests that an immune response to initial HIV infection provide limited protection against in... |
Glossary of engineering: A–L L Glossary_of_engineering:_A–L > L On the basis of the locations of fulcrum, load and effort, the lever is divided into three types. Also, leverage is mechanical advantage gained in a system. It is one of the six simple machines identified by Renaissance scientists. |
Proportion extend sort Summary Proportion_extend_sort Proportion extend sort (abbreviated as PESort) is an in-place, comparison-based sorting algorithm which attempts to improve on the performance, particularly the worst-case performance, of quicksort. The basic partitioning operation in quicksort has a linear access p... |
Generalized Information Retrieval Language System Overview Generalized_Information_Retrieval_Language_System > Overview This feature made secondary key look-ups operate much like keyed inquiries of any other database system: requiring at least two disk reads (a key read then a data-record read). Pick data files are usu... |
Position four-vector Four-vectors in a real-valued basis Four-vector > Four-vector algebra > Four-vectors in a real-valued basis A four-vector A is a vector with a "timelike" component and three "spacelike" components, and can be written in various equivalent notations: where Aα is the magnitude component and Eα is the... |
S-duality Overview S-duality > Overview In quantum field theory and string theory, a coupling constant is a number that controls the strength of interactions in the theory. For example, the strength of gravity is described by a number called Newton's constant, which appears in Newton's law of gravity and also in the eq... |
Lymphocyte marker Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes Lymphocyte_marker > Lymphocytes and disease > Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes In some cancers, such as melanoma and colorectal cancer, lymphocytes can migrate into and attack the tumor. This can sometimes lead to regression of the primary tumor. |
Real number field Generalizations and extensions Field_of_reals > Generalizations and extensions The real numbers can be generalized and extended in several different directions: The complex numbers contain solutions to all polynomial equations and hence are an algebraically closed field unlike the real numbers. Howeve... |
String theorist Applications to condensed matter physics String_theorist > AdS/CFT correspondence > Applications to condensed matter physics The AdS/CFT correspondence has also been used to study aspects of condensed matter physics. Over the decades, experimental condensed matter physicists have discovered a number of ... |
Maxillary second molar Summary Maxillary_second_molar The function of this molar is similar to that of all molars in regard to grinding being the principal action during mastication, commonly known as chewing. There are usually four cusps on maxillary molars, two on the buccal (side nearest the cheek) and two palatal (... |
Fracture Mechanics Griffith's criterion Plastic_zone > Linear elastic fracture mechanics > Griffith's criterion Fracture mechanics was developed during World War I by English aeronautical engineer A. A. Griffith – thus the term Griffith crack – to explain the failure of brittle materials. Griffith's work was motivated ... |
Active cooling Absorption heat pumps Active_cooling > Building usage > Heat pumps > Absorption heat pumps The process for the absorption heat pump works similarly to the compression variant with the main contrast being the usage of an absorber instead of a compressor. The absorber takes in the vapor refrigerant and cre... |
Carbonyl α-substitution reactions Acidity of alpha-hydrogen atoms: enolate ion formation Carbonyl_Alpha-Substitution_Reactions > Acidity of alpha-hydrogen atoms: enolate ion formation Thus, the negative charge is shared by the electronegative oxygen atom, and the enolate ion is stabilized by resonance. Carbonyl compoun... |
Table of Integrals, Series, and Products Russian editions Gradshteyn_and_Ryzhik > Editions > Russian editions LCCN ltf89006085. 400 pages. Рыжик, И. М. |
Solvability by radicals Quadratic equation Galois_group_of_a_polynomial > Permutation group approach > Quadratic equation Consider the quadratic equation x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0. {\displaystyle x^{2}-4x+1=0.} By using the quadratic formula, we find that the two roots are A = 2 + 3 , B = 2 − 3 . {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned... |
Information security policies Confidentiality Information_security_policies > Basic principles > Key concepts > Confidentiality In information security, confidentiality "is the property, that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes." While similar to "privacy,"... |
Büchi-Elgot-Trakhtenbrot theorem Summary Büchi-Elgot-Trakhtenbrot_theorem In formal language theory, the Büchi–Elgot–Trakhtenbrot theorem states that a language is regular if and only if it can be defined in monadic second-order logic (MSO): for every MSO formula, we can find a finite-state automaton defining the same ... |
Collision response Normal force Collision_response > Contact forces > Friction > Normal force It is the support force exerted upon an object which is in contact with another stable object. Normal force is sometimes referred to as the pressing force since its action presses the surface together. Normal force is always d... |
Disk Filing System Directories Disc_Filing_System > File storage > Directories The DFS provides a working space, divided up into the directory and the library. The "directory" is the working directory on the current volume, much like the working directory on any other command line system. The "library" is a second, alt... |
Membrane blebbing Summary Bleb_(cell_biology) In cell biology, a bleb is a bulge of the plasma membrane of a cell, characterized by a spherical, "blister-like", bulky morphology. It is characterized by the decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane, degrading the internal structure of the cell, allowing th... |
Balance of angular momentum Summary Balance_of_angular_momentum Thus the balance of angular momentum, the symmetry of the Cauchy stress tensor, and the Boltzmann Axiom in continuum mechanics are related terms. Especially in the theory of the top the balance of angular momentum plays a crucial part. In continuum mechani... |
Decision boundary In neural networks and support vector models Decision_boundary > In neural networks and support vector models In the case of backpropagation based artificial neural networks or perceptrons, the type of decision boundary that the network can learn is determined by the number of hidden layers the networ... |
Nondeterministic finite automata Example Non-deterministic_finite_automaton > Example The following automaton M {\displaystyle M} , with a binary alphabet, determines if the input ends with a 1. Let M = ( { p , q } , { 0 , 1 } , δ , p , { q } ) {\displaystyle M=(\{p,q\},\{0,1\},\delta ,p,\{q\})} where the transition fu... |
Synth pad Controllers Synthesizer > Components > Controllers Synthesizers are often controlled with electronic or digital keyboards or MIDI controller keyboards, which may be built into the synthesizer unit or attached via connections such as CV/gate, USB, or MIDI. Keyboards may offer expression such as velocity sensit... |
Welding rod Metallurgy Welding_rod > Metallurgy Metals and in particular steels have a transitional temperature range where above this range the metal has acceptable notch-ductility while below this range the material becomes brittle. Within the range, the materials behavior is unpredictable. The reduction in fracture ... |
Outer product Contrast with Euclidean inner product Outer_product > Definition > Contrast with Euclidean inner product If m = n , {\displaystyle m=n,} then one can take the matrix product the other way, yielding a scalar (or 1 × 1 {\displaystyle 1\times 1} matrix): which is the standard inner product for Euclidean vect... |
Transport Phenomena (book) Subjects covered in the book Transport_Phenomena_(book) > Subjects covered in the book The book is divided into three basic sections, named Momentum Transport, Energy Transport and Mass Transport: Momentum Transport Viscosity and the Mechanisms of Momentum Transport Momentum Balances and Velo... |
Toxic vacuolation Clinical significance Toxic_vacuolation > Clinical significance Toxic vacuolation is associated with sepsis, particularly when accompanied by toxic granulation. The finding is also associated with bacterial infection, alcohol toxicity, liver failure, and treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating f... |
First law of thermodynamics Non-equilibrium transfers First_law_of_thermodynamics > First law of thermodynamics for open systems > Non-equilibrium transfers Usually transfer between a system and its surroundings applies to transfer of a state variable, and obeys a balance law, that the amount lost by the donor system i... |
RadBall The device RadBall > The device The device consists of two constituent parts, a gamma radiation sensitive inner core which fits inside the spherical tungsten outer collimation sheath. The outside diameter of the device is 140 mm (approx 5 ½ inch) which allows deployment in to hard to reach areas whilst providin... |
Pointer structure Oberon Data_pointer > Support in various programming languages > Oberon Much as with Modula-2, pointers are available. There are still fewer ways to evade the type system and so Oberon and its variants are still safer with respect to pointers than Modula-2 or its variants. As with Modula-3, garbage co... |
Coercive power Overview Legitimate_power > Overview "The French-Raven power forms are introduced with consideration of the level of observability and the extent to which power is dependent or independent of structural conditions. Dependency refers to the degree of internalization that occurs among persons subject to so... |
Renewable-energy economy Summary Renewable_energy_commercialisation Renewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years. First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hyd... |
Diagonalizable matrices Summary Simultaneously_diagonalize Diagonalization is the process of finding the above P {\displaystyle P} and D {\displaystyle D} . Diagonalizable matrices and maps are especially easy for computations, once their eigenvalues and eigenvectors are known. |
Conditional probabilities As an axiom of probability Conditional_probabilities > Definition > Conditioning on an event > As an axiom of probability Some authors, such as de Finetti, prefer to introduce conditional probability as an axiom of probability: P ( A ∩ B ) = P ( A ∣ B ) P ( B ) {\displaystyle P(A\cap B)=P(A\mi... |
Small set (category theory) Summary Small_set_(category_theory) In category theory, a small set is one in a fixed universe of sets (as the word universe is used in mathematics in general). Thus, the category of small sets is the category of all sets one cares to consider. This is used when one does not wish to bother w... |
Fragmentation (cell biology) DNA Cloning Fragmentation_(cell_biology) > DNA Cloning DNA ligase During normal DNA replication, DNA ligase catalyzes end-to-end joining (ligation) of short fragments of DNA, called Okazaki fragments. For the purposes of DNA cloning, purified DNA ligase is used to covalently join the ends o... |
Transition state theory Quasi-equilibrium assumption Transition-state_theory > Justification for the Eyring equation > Quasi-equilibrium assumption Quasi-equilibrium is different from classical chemical equilibrium, but can be described using a similar thermodynamic treatment. Consider the reaction below A + B ↽ − − ⇀ ... |
Autonomous aircraft Sensors Autonomous_aircraft > Control system architecture > Sensors Position and movement sensors give information about the aircraft state. Exteroceptive sensors deal with external information like distance measurements, while exproprioceptive ones correlate internal and external states.Non-coopera... |
Complexometric titration Summary Complexometric_titration Complexometric titration (sometimes chelatometry) is a form of volumetric analysis in which the formation of a colored complex is used to indicate the end point of a titration. Complexometric titrations are particularly useful for the determination of a mixture ... |
Familial hypercholesterolemia Pathophysiology Familial_hypercholesterolemia > Pathophysiology In mutations of ApoB, reduced binding of LDL particles to the receptor causes the increased level of LDL cholesterol. It is not known how the mutation causes LDL receptor dysfunction in mutations of PCSK9 and ARH.Although athe... |
Vibrational band Summary Vibronic_band Vibronic spectroscopy is a branch of molecular spectroscopy concerned with vibronic transitions: the simultaneous changes in electronic and vibrational energy levels of a molecule due to the absorption or emission of a photon of the appropriate energy. In the gas phase, vibronic t... |
Hermitian form Informal introduction Hermitian_form > Informal introduction where w ¯ i {\displaystyle {\overline {w}}_{i}} denotes the complex conjugate of w i . {\displaystyle w_{i}~.} This product may be generalized to situations where one is not working with an orthonormal basis for Cn, or even any basis at all. By... |
Fair queuing Generalisation to weighted sharing Fair_scheduling > Principle > Generalisation to weighted sharing The initial idea gives to each flow the same rate. A natural extension consists in letting the user specify the portion of bandwidth allocated to each flow leading to weighted fair queuing and generalized pr... |
Source attribution Demographic and transmission models Source_attribution > Comparative methods > Phylodynamic methods > Demographic and transmission models Due to limited migration of pathogen lineages between demes, two pathogen lineages sampled at random are more likely to share a recent common ancestor if they belo... |
Low Earth orbit Use Low_Earth_orbit > Use A low Earth orbit requires the lowest amount of energy for satellite placement. It provides high bandwidth and low communication latency. Satellites and space stations in LEO are more accessible for crew and servicing. Since it requires less energy to place a satellite into a L... |
Circular slide rule Circular slide rules Slide_Rule > Physical design > Circular slide rules Circular slide rules come in two basic types, one with two cursors, and another with a free dish and one cursor. The dual cursor versions perform multiplication and division by holding a constant angle between the cursors as th... |
Analytical function Summary Analytic_function In mathematics, an analytic function is a function that is locally given by a convergent power series. There exist both real analytic functions and complex analytic functions. Functions of each type are infinitely differentiable, but complex analytic functions exhibit prope... |
Atomic numbers Summary Number_of_protons The conventional symbol Z comes from the German word Zahl 'number', which, before the modern synthesis of ideas from chemistry and physics, merely denoted an element's numerical place in the periodic table, whose order was then approximately, but not completely, consistent with ... |
PyTorch Summary PyTorch PyTorch is a machine learning framework based on the Torch library, used for applications such as computer vision and natural language processing, originally developed by Meta AI and now part of the Linux Foundation umbrella. It is free and open-source software released under the modified BSD li... |
Embedded derivative Summary Derivative_securities However, Aristotle did not define this arrangement as a derivative but as a monopoly. (see Aristotle's Politics, Book I, Chapter XI). Bucket shops, outlawed in 1936 in the US, are a more recent historical example. |
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