question stringlengths 29 100 | answers list | ctxs list | nq_annotated_gold dict |
|---|---|---|---|
when did teenage mutant ninja turtles come out | [
"1984"
] | [
{
"title": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows",
"text": "Ploszek, Alan Ritchson, Noel Fisher, Jeremy Howard, Tony Shalhoub, Gary Anthony Williams, Sheamus and Brad Garrett. Principal photography on the film began on April 27, 2015, in New York City. It was released on June 3, 2016, in 3D, Rea... | {
"title": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles",
"long_answer": "The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles first appeared in an American comic book published by Mirage Studios in 1984 in Dover, New Hampshire. The concept arose from a humorous drawing sketched out by Eastman during a casual evening of brainstorming and bad television with Laird. Using money from a tax refund, together with a loan from Eastman’s uncle, the young artists self-published a single-issue comic intended to parody four of the most popular comics of the early 1980s: Marvel Comics’ Daredevil and New Mutants, Dave Sim’s Cerebus, and Frank Miller’s Ronin. The TMNT comic book series has been published in various incarnations by various comic book companies since 1984.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles first appeared in an American comic book published by Mirage Studios in 1984 in Dover, New Hampshire. The concept arose from a humorous drawing sketched out by Eastman during a casual evening of brainstorming and bad television with Laird. Using money from a tax refund, together with a loan from Eastman’s uncle, the young artists self-published a single-issue comic intended to parody four of the most popular comics of the early 1980s: Marvel Comics’ Daredevil and New Mutants, Dave Sim’s Cerebus, and Frank Miller’s Ronin. The TMNT comic book series has been published in various incarnations by various comic book companies since 1984.",
"short_answers": [
"1984"
]
} |
when does the team find out prentiss is alive | [
"In the season seven premiere",
"the season seven premiere"
] | [
{
"title": "David Rossi",
"text": "in the face by an unsub pretending to be a victim of human trafficking; however, Morgan's quick reaction saves his life. Later he meets JJ in his office after solving the case. She meets him to let him know that she is returning to the team. In season seven, Rossi is just ... | {
"title": "Emily Prentiss",
"long_answer": "In the season seven premiere, Morgan captures Doyle and Emily returns to the BAU to assist the team in finding who kidnapped Doyle's son. The team comes under fire from the judiciary panel for their retaliatory actions to avenge Prentiss's death, but everyone stands their ground to protect the team. Section Chief Erin Strauss later reveals to them that the committee was persuaded by Prentiss' defense and eventually decided to lift the BAU's suspensions although they will still be \"keeping a close eye\" on the members. Reid, who is still angry over her 'death' refuses to speak to her or JJ or even look them in the eye. At the end of \"Proof\", Prentiss talks it through with him and they make amends. In the premiere it is also revealed that Garcia has been taking care of her cat, Sergio, and when she inquires about him, Garcia jokingly states that she wants visitation rights.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the season seven premiere, Morgan captures Doyle and Emily returns to the BAU to assist the team in finding who kidnapped Doyle's son. The team comes under fire from the judiciary panel for their retaliatory actions to avenge Prentiss's death, but everyone stands their ground to protect the team. Section Chief Erin Strauss later reveals to them that the committee was persuaded by Prentiss' defense and eventually decided to lift the BAU's suspensions although they will still be \"keeping a close eye\" on the members. Reid, who is still angry over her 'death' refuses to speak to her or",
"short_answers": [
"In the season seven premiere",
"the season seven premiere"
]
} |
who lived in jamestown before the arrival of the english | [
"uninhabited"
] | [
{
"title": "John Casor",
"text": "an Angolan colonist, one of the original indentured \"20 and odd negroes\" brought to Jamestown after arriving at Cape Comfort in August 1619. By 1623, Johnson had completed his indenture and was a \"free Negro\". During the late 1640s, Johnson moved with his family to Nort... | {
"title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)",
"long_answer": "Despite the immediate area of Jamestown being uninhabited, the settlers were attacked less than two weeks after their arrival on May 14, by Paspahegh Indians who succeeded in killing one of the settlers and wounding eleven more. Within a month, James Fort covered an acre on Jamestown Island. By June 15, the settlers finished building the triangular James Fort. The wooden palisaded walls formed a triangle around a storehouse, church, and a number of houses. A week later, Newport sailed back for London on Susan Constant with a load of pyrite (\"fools’ gold\") and other supposedly precious minerals, leaving behind 104 colonists and Discovery.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Despite the immediate area of Jamestown being uninhabited, the settlers were attacked less than two weeks after their arrival on May 14, by Paspahegh Indians who succeeded in killing one of the settlers and wounding eleven more. Within a month, James Fort covered an acre on Jamestown Island. By June 15, the settlers finished building the triangular James Fort. The wooden palisaded walls formed a triangle around a storehouse, church, and a number of houses. A week later, Newport sailed back for London on Susan Constant with a load of pyrite (\"fools’ gold\") and other supposedly precious minerals, leaving behind",
"short_answers": [
"uninhabited"
]
} |
who plays the dad in girl meets world | [
"Ben Savage",
"Cory Matthews"
] | [
{
"title": "Ben Savage",
"text": "in an episode of the Fox series \"Bones\". He also guest starred on the Disney Channel series \"Shake It Up\" playing Andy Burns. In November 2012, Savage announced via his Twitter account that he had signed on to the \"Boy Meets World\" spin-off series, \"Girl Meets World\... | {
"title": "List of Girl Meets World characters",
"long_answer": "Cory Matthews (Ben Savage) is Riley and Auggie's father and Topanga's husband. He has taken a job as a history teacher at John Quincy Adams Middle School for the first two seasons and then Abigail Adams High School beginning the third season. In both settings, his class consists of his daughter and her friends and his history lessons relate to their lives, becoming life lessons for them. In addition to being Riley's father, he often acts as a father figure to Maya. He also acts as a mentor to his students, much like Mr. Feeny was to Cory, Topanga, and Shawn in Boy Meets World.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Cory Matthews (Ben Savage) is Riley and Auggie's father and Topanga's husband. He has taken a job as a history teacher at John Quincy Adams Middle School for the first two seasons and then Abigail Adams High School beginning the third season. In both settings, his class consists of his daughter and her friends and his history lessons relate to their lives, becoming life lessons for them. In addition to being Riley's father, he often acts as a father figure to Maya. He also acts as a mentor to his students, much like Mr. Feeny was to Cory, Topanga, and",
"short_answers": [
"Ben Savage",
"Cory Matthews"
]
} |
who are you in assassin's creed 4 | [
"third-person perspective",
"an Abstergo agent"
] | [
{
"title": "Assassin's Creed III",
"text": "Assassin's Creed III Assassin's Creed III is a 2012 action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii U, and Microsoft Windows. It is the fifth major installment in the \"Assassin's Creed\" series, ... | {
"title": "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag",
"long_answer": "The plot is set in a fictional history of real world events and follows the centuries-old struggle between the Assassins, who fight for peace with free will, and the Templars, who desire peace through control. The framing story is set in the 21st century and describes the player as an Abstergo agent. The main story is set in the 18th century Caribbean during the Golden Age of Piracy, and follows notorious Welsh pirate Edward Kenway, grandfather and father of Assassin's Creed III protagonist and antagonist Ratonhnhaké:ton and Haytham Kenway respectively, who stumbles upon the Assassin/Templar conflict. The attempted establishment of a Republic of Pirates utopia (free from either British or Spanish rule) is a significant plot element.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The plot is set in a fictional history of real world events and follows the centuries-old struggle between the Assassins, who fight for peace with free will, and the Templars, who desire peace through control. The framing story is set in the 21st century and describes the player as an Abstergo agent. The main story is set in the 18th century Caribbean during the Golden Age of Piracy, and follows notorious Welsh pirate Edward Kenway, grandfather and father of Assassin's Creed III protagonist and antagonist Ratonhnhaké:ton and Haytham Kenway respectively, who stumbles upon the Assassin/Templar conflict. The attempted establishment of",
"short_answers": [
"an Abstergo agent"
]
} |
who destroyed the first temple and exiled the two tribes of judah to babylon | [
"Nebuchadnezzar"
] | [
{
"title": "Babylonian captivity",
"text": "called Yehud, putting an end to the independent Kingdom of Judah. (Because of the missing years in the Jewish calendar, rabbinic sources place the date of the destruction of the First Temple at 3338 HC (423 BCE) or 3358 HC (403 BCE)). The first governor appointed ... | {
"title": "Babylonian captivity",
"long_answer": "Despite warnings by Jeremiah and others of the pro-Babylonian party, Zedekiah revolted against Babylon and entered into an alliance with Pharaoh Hophra. Nebuchadnezzar returned, defeated the Egyptians, and again besieged Jerusalem, resulting in the city's destruction in 587 BCE. Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the city wall and the Temple, together with the houses of the most important citizens. Zedekiah and his sons were captured, the sons were executed in front of Zedekiah, who was then blinded and taken to Babylon with many others (Jer 52:10–11). Judah became a Babylonian province, called Yehud, putting an end to the independent Kingdom of Judah. (Because of the missing years in the Jewish calendar, rabbinic sources place the date of the destruction of the First Temple at 3338 HC (423 BCE) or 3358 HC (403 BCE)).",
"chunked_long_answer": "Despite warnings by Jeremiah and others of the pro-Babylonian party, Zedekiah revolted against Babylon and entered into an alliance with Pharaoh Hophra. Nebuchadnezzar returned, defeated the Egyptians, and again besieged Jerusalem, resulting in the city's destruction in 587 BCE. Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the city wall and the Temple, together with the houses of the most important citizens. Zedekiah and his sons were captured, the sons were executed in front of Zedekiah, who was then blinded and taken to Babylon with many others (Jer 52:10–11). Judah became a Babylonian province, called Yehud, putting an end to the independent Kingdom of Judah. (Because",
"short_answers": [
"Nebuchadnezzar"
]
} |
where is the white castle that harold and kumar go to | [
"in Cherry Hill"
] | [
{
"title": "Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle",
"text": "ride it to White Castle, but Harold goes unconscious after hitting his head on a branch. After encountering a group of extreme sports punks who have been harassing the pair, Harold and Kumar steal their truck. A police officer spots the speeding truck... | {
"title": "Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle",
"long_answer": "Investment banker Harold Lee is persuaded by his colleagues to do their work while they leave for the weekend. Kumar Patel attends a medical school interview, but intentionally botches it to prevent getting accepted. Harold is attracted to his neighbor, Maria, but is unable to admit his feelings. After smoking marijuana with Kumar, and seeing an advertisement for White Castle, the pair decide to get hamburgers. After traveling to the nearest White Castle in New Brunswick, they find it replaced by \"Burger Shack\" but learn of another White Castle in Cherry Hill.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Investment banker Harold Lee is persuaded by his colleagues to do their work while they leave for the weekend. Kumar Patel attends a medical school interview, but intentionally botches it to prevent getting accepted. Harold is attracted to his neighbor, Maria, but is unable to admit his feelings. After smoking marijuana with Kumar, and seeing an advertisement for White Castle, the pair decide to get hamburgers. After traveling to the nearest White Castle in New Brunswick, they find it replaced by \"Burger Shack\" but learn of another White Castle in Cherry Hill.",
"short_answers": [
"in Cherry Hill"
]
} |
when was child benefit paid for the first child | [
"1975"
] | [
{
"title": "Child benefit",
"text": "and from October 1956, by the Family Allowances Act and National Insurance Act 1956, to 8\"s\" for the second child with 10\"s\" (= £0.50) for the third and subsequent children. By 1955, some 5,000,000 allowances were being paid, to about 3,250,000 families. It was modif... | {
"title": "Child benefits in the United Kingdom",
"long_answer": "The Child Benefit Bill was introduced in 1975 by Barbara Castle, introducing for the first time a universal payment, paid for each child, doubling the number of children within its scope. Like the family allowance, which it replaced, the new benefit was not means tested; an attempt by the Callaghan government to introduce this was thwarted in 1976 when cabinet papers were leaked to the Child Poverty Action Group.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Child Benefit Bill was introduced in 1975 by Barbara Castle, introducing for the first time a universal payment, paid for each child, doubling the number of children within its scope. Like the family allowance, which it replaced, the new benefit was not means tested; an attempt by the Callaghan government to introduce this was thwarted in 1976 when cabinet papers were leaked to the Child Poverty Action Group.",
"short_answers": [
"1975"
]
} |
what was the initial effect of the transition from command to market economies in eastern europe | [
"Inequality of opportunity"
] | [
{
"title": "Socialist economics",
"text": "buy goods and services from other CMEA members. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Eastern bloc, many of the remaining socialist states presiding over centrally planned economies began introducing reforms that shifted their economies away from centra... | {
"title": "Transition economy",
"long_answer": "Inequality of opportunity was higher in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia than in some other developed economies in Western Europe (except France, where inequality of opportunity was relatively high). The highest inequality of opportunity was found in the Balkans and Central Asia. In terms of legal regulations and access to education and health services, inequality of opportunity related to gender was low in Europe and Central Asia but medium to high in respect of labour practices, employment and entrepreneurship and in access to finance. In Central Asia women also experienced significant lack of access to health services, as was the case in Arab countries. While many transition economies performed well with respect to primary and secondary education, and matched that available in many other developed economies, they were weaker when it came to training and tertiary education.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Inequality of opportunity was higher in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia than in some other developed economies in Western Europe (except France, where inequality of opportunity was relatively high). The highest inequality of opportunity was found in the Balkans and Central Asia. In terms of legal regulations and access to education and health services, inequality of opportunity related to gender was low in Europe and Central Asia but medium to high in respect of labour practices, employment and entrepreneurship and in access to finance. In Central Asia women also experienced significant lack of access",
"short_answers": [
"Inequality of opportunity"
]
} |
when did linkin park release one more light | [
"May 19, 2017"
] | [
{
"title": "One More Light (song)",
"text": "Additional musicians Production One More Light (song) \"One More Light\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It is the ninth and title track from their seventh studio album of the same name, as well as their last single with Chester Bennington. The song ... | {
"title": "One More Light",
"long_answer": "One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on May 19, 2017 through Warner Bros. and Machine Shop. It is the last Linkin Park record produced before lead vocalist Chester Bennington's death on July 20, 2017.",
"chunked_long_answer": "One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on May 19, 2017 through Warner Bros. and Machine Shop. It is the last Linkin Park record produced before lead vocalist Chester Bennington's death on July 20, 2017.",
"short_answers": [
"May 19, 2017"
]
} |
what territory is spain and the united kingdom in a dispute over | [
"Gibraltar"
] | [
{
"title": "Spain–United Kingdom relations",
"text": "meet to talk about it. For us, it is a stone in the shoe all day long\". The United Kingdom and Spain have had several recent disputes over fishing rights, particularly with regards to the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy. When Spain became a mem... | {
"title": "Disputed status of Gibraltar",
"long_answer": "Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, is the subject of an irredentist territorial claim by Spain. It was captured in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). The Spanish Crown formally ceded the territory in perpetuity to the British Crown in 1713, under Article X of the Treaty of Utrecht. Spain later attempted to recapture the territory during the thirteenth siege (1727) and the Great siege (1779–1783). British sovereignty over Gibraltar was confirmed in later treaties signed in Seville (1729) and the Treaty of Paris (1783).",
"chunked_long_answer": "Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, is the subject of an irredentist territorial claim by Spain. It was captured in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). The Spanish Crown formally ceded the territory in perpetuity to the British Crown in 1713, under Article X of the Treaty of Utrecht. Spain later attempted to recapture the territory during the thirteenth siege (1727) and the Great siege (1779–1783). British sovereignty over Gibraltar was confirmed in later treaties signed in Seville (1729) and the Treaty of Paris (1783).",
"short_answers": [
"Gibraltar"
]
} |
who has the most green jackets from the masters | [
"Nicklaus",
"Jack Nicklaus (6)"
] | [
{
"title": "Masters Tournament",
"text": "spirit of the rule and has never worn the jacket); Seve Ballesteros who, in an interview with Peter Alliss from his home in Pedreña, showed one of his two green jackets in his trophy room; and Henry Picard, whose jacket was removed from the club before the tradition... | {
"title": "Masters Tournament",
"long_answer": "Nicklaus has the most Masters wins, with six between 1963 and 1986. Palmer and Tiger Woods won four each, and five have won three titles at Augusta: Jimmy Demaret, Sam Snead, Gary Player, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson. Player, from South Africa, was the first non-American player to win the tournament, in 1961; the second was Seve Ballesteros of Spain, the champion in 1980 and 1983.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Nicklaus has the most Masters wins, with six between 1963 and 1986. Palmer and Tiger Woods won four each, and five have won three titles at Augusta: Jimmy Demaret, Sam Snead, Gary Player, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson. Player, from South Africa, was the first non-American player to win the tournament, in 1961; the second was Seve Ballesteros of Spain, the champion in 1980 and 1983.",
"short_answers": [
"Nicklaus"
]
} |
who was the first black person to register to vote | [
"Thomas Mundy Peterson"
] | [
{
"title": "Bob Moses (activist)",
"text": "White Democrats had disfranchised Mississippi's blacks in their 1890 constitution, which required poll taxes, and other barriers, such as residency requirements, and subjective literacy tests. It was nearly impossible for blacks to register and vote. After decades... | {
"title": "Thomas Mundy Peterson",
"long_answer": "Thomas Mundy Peterson (October 6, 1824 – February 4, 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey was the first African-American to vote in an election under the just-enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution. His vote was cast on March 31, 1870.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Thomas Mundy Peterson (October 6, 1824 – February 4, 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey was the first African-American to vote in an election under the just-enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution. His vote was cast on March 31, 1870.",
"short_answers": [
"Thomas Mundy Peterson"
]
} |
song have i told you lately i love you | [
"Have I Told You Lately"
] | [
{
"title": "Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?",
"text": "50's Masters\", Presley recorded it on January 19, 1957, at RCA's Radio Recorders in Hollywood for his \"Loving You\" album. Session musicians for the song included Presley himself on rhythm guitar, his usual lead guitarist Scotty Moore, with Bi... | {
"title": "Have I Told You Lately",
"long_answer": "\"Have I Told You Lately\" is a hit song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and recorded for his album Avalon Sunset (1989). It is a romantic ballad often played at weddings, although it was originally written as a prayer.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Have I Told You Lately\" is a hit song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and recorded for his album Avalon Sunset (1989). It is a romantic ballad often played at weddings, although it was originally written as a prayer.",
"short_answers": [
"Have I Told You Lately"
]
} |
when did britain set up east indian trading company | [
"31 December 1600"
] | [
{
"title": "Imperialism",
"text": "India Company was established and was chartered by Queen Elizabeth in the following year. With the establishment of trading posts in India, the British were able to maintain strength relative to other empires such as the Portuguese who already had set up trading posts in I... | {
"title": "East India Company",
"long_answer": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da India had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da India had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares.",
"short_answers": [
"31 December 1600"
]
} |
when did david akers kick the 63 yard field goal | [
"September 9, 2012"
] | [
{
"title": "David Akers",
"text": "David Akers David Roy Akers (; born December 9, 1974) is a former American football placekicker. He played college football at Louisville, and was signed by the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 1997. Akers also played for the Carolina Panthers, Washington Reds... | {
"title": "David Akers",
"long_answer": "On September 9, 2012, Akers tied the NFL record for the longest field goal by kicking a 63-yard field goal off the crossbar against the Green Bay Packers at Lambeau Field. The record was originally set by Tom Dempsey and was shared with Jason Elam and Sebastian Janikowski until Broncos kicker Matt Prater broke the record with a 64-yard field goal on December 8, 2013.",
"chunked_long_answer": "On September 9, 2012, Akers tied the NFL record for the longest field goal by kicking a 63-yard field goal off the crossbar against the Green Bay Packers at Lambeau Field. The record was originally set by Tom Dempsey and was shared with Jason Elam and Sebastian Janikowski until Broncos kicker Matt Prater broke the record with a 64-yard field goal on December 8, 2013.",
"short_answers": [
"September 9, 2012"
]
} |
who is the coach of university of kentucky basketball | [
"John Calipari",
"John Vincent Calipari"
] | [
{
"title": "Joe B. Hall",
"text": "Joe B. Hall Joe Beasman Hall (born November 30, 1928) was the head basketball coach at the University of Kentucky from 1972 to 1985. He previously coached at Central Missouri State University and Regis University before returning to Kentucky in 1965 to serve as an assistan... | {
"title": "John Calipari",
"long_answer": "John Vincent Calipari (born February 10, 1959) is an American basketball coach. Since 2009, he has been the head coach of the University of Kentucky men's team, with whom he won the NCAA Championship in 2012. He has been named Naismith College Coach of the Year three times (in 1996, 2008 and 2015), and was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2015.",
"chunked_long_answer": "John Vincent Calipari (born February 10, 1959) is an American basketball coach. Since 2009, he has been the head coach of the University of Kentucky men's team, with whom he won the NCAA Championship in 2012. He has been named Naismith College Coach of the Year three times (in 1996, 2008 and 2015), and was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2015.",
"short_answers": [
"John Vincent Calipari"
]
} |
who has become the new chairman of sebi | [
"Ajay Tyagi"
] | [
{
"title": "C. B. Bhave",
"text": "period, where India made the transition into dematerialised settlement at the depository. After this, Bhave came back to SEBI as chairman for three years. C. B. Bhave Chandrasekhar Bhaskar Bhave is an Indian financial regulator. He was appointed as Chairman of the Securiti... | {
"title": "Securities and Exchange Board of India",
"long_answer": "Ajay Tyagi was appointed chairman on 10 January 2017 replacing U K Sinha. And took charge of chairman office on 1 March 2017. The Board comprises",
"chunked_long_answer": "Ajay Tyagi was appointed chairman on 10 January 2017 replacing U K Sinha. And took charge of chairman office on 1 March 2017. The Board comprises",
"short_answers": [
"Ajay Tyagi"
]
} |
how many times have real madrid won the european cup.in paris | [
"twelve"
] | [
{
"title": "Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions",
"text": "Real Madrid had the most success in the European Cup, winning the trophy for a record thirteen times. Real was the winner of the inaugural edition of the European Cup and the only club to win the trophy five times in a row (the f... | {
"title": "Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions",
"long_answer": "Real Madrid had the most success in the European Cup, winning the trophy for a record twelve times. Real was the winner of the inaugural edition of the European Cup and the only club to win the trophy five times in a row (the first five editions). The club has also won the UEFA Cup twice, in 1985 and 1986, the Super Cup four times, in 2002, 2014, 2016 and 2017, the Intercontinental Cup three times, in 1960, 1998 and 2002, and the FIFA Club World Cup three times, in 2014, 2016 and 2017. Real Madrid, with 24 trophies, is the most successful European team in international football. They have also been involved in European football ever since they became the first Spanish club to enter the European Cup in 1955, except for the 1977–78 and 1996–97 seasons.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Real Madrid had the most success in the European Cup, winning the trophy for a record twelve times. Real was the winner of the inaugural edition of the European Cup and the only club to win the trophy five times in a row (the first five editions). The club has also won the UEFA Cup twice, in 1985 and 1986, the Super Cup four times, in 2002, 2014, 2016 and 2017, the Intercontinental Cup three times, in 1960, 1998 and 2002, and the FIFA Club World Cup three times, in 2014, 2016 and 2017. Real Madrid, with 24 trophies, is",
"short_answers": [
"twelve"
]
} |
when was kudzu introduced to the united states | [
"1876",
"in 1876"
] | [
{
"title": "Kudzu (comic strip)",
"text": "Kudzu (comic strip) Kudzu was a daily comic strip by Pulitzer Prize-winning editorial cartoonist Doug Marlette about rural Southerners. Distributed by Universal Press Syndicate, the strip ran from 1981 to 2007. The title came from the kudzu vine which was introduce... | {
"title": "Kudzu in the United States",
"long_answer": "The kudzu plant was introduced to the United States from Japan in 1876 at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Kudzu was introduced to the Southeast in 1883 at the New Orleans Exposition. The vine was widely marketed in the Southeast as an ornamental plant to be used to shade porches, and in the first half of the 20th century, kudzu was distributed as a high-protein content cattle fodder and as a cover plant to prevent soil erosion. It was cultivated by Civilian Conservation Corps workers as a solution for the erosion during the Dust Bowl. The Soil Erosion Service recommended the use of kudzu to help control erosion of slopes which led to the government-aided distribution of 85 million seedlings and government-funded plantings of kudzu which paid $19.75 per hectare. By 1946, it was estimated that 1,200,000 hectares (3,000,000 acres) of kudzu had been planted. When boll weevil infestations and the failure of cotton crops caused farmers to abandon their farms, kudzu plantings were left unattended. The climate and environment of the Southeastern United States allowed the kudzu to grow virtually unchecked. In 1953 the United States Department of Agriculture removed kudzu from a list of suggested cover plants and listed it as a weed in 1970. By 1997, the vine was placed on the \"Federal Noxious Weed List\". Today, kudzu is estimated to cover 3,000,000 hectares (7,400,000 acres) of land in the southeastern United States, mostly in Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina and Mississippi. It has been recorded in Nova Scotia, Canada, in Columbus, Ohio, and in all five boroughs of New York City.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The kudzu plant was introduced to the United States from Japan in 1876 at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Kudzu was introduced to the Southeast in 1883 at the New Orleans Exposition. The vine was widely marketed in the Southeast as an ornamental plant to be used to shade porches, and in the first half of the 20th century, kudzu was distributed as a high-protein content cattle fodder and as a cover plant to prevent soil erosion. It was cultivated by Civilian Conservation Corps workers as a solution for the erosion during the Dust Bowl. The Soil Erosion Service recommended",
"short_answers": [
"1876",
"in 1876"
]
} |
the radiographic term used to describe the dense bone of the socket and septal crest is | [
"lamina dura",
"alveolar process",
"the lamina dura"
] | [
{
"title": "Lacrimal bone",
"text": "bones. The boundaries where some of these bones meet with the others are called sutures. Rarely, the lacrimal bones fused with the nasal bones to form a pair of \"nasolacrimal\" crests, which are present in dinosaurs such as \"Dilophosaurus\", \"Megapnosaurus\" and \"Sin... | {
"title": "Alveolar process",
"long_answer": "The alveolar process contains a region of compact bone adjacent to the periodontal ligament (PDL), which is called the lamina dura when viewed on radiographs. It is this part which is attached to the cementum of the roots by the periodontal ligament. It is uniformly radiopaque (or lighter). Integrity of the lamina dura is important when studying radiographs for pathological lesions.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The alveolar process contains a region of compact bone adjacent to the periodontal ligament (PDL), which is called the lamina dura when viewed on radiographs. It is this part which is attached to the cementum of the roots by the periodontal ligament. It is uniformly radiopaque (or lighter). Integrity of the lamina dura is important when studying radiographs for pathological lesions.",
"short_answers": [
"lamina dura",
"the lamina dura"
]
} |
where was the tv show friday night lights filmed | [
"Austin",
"Pflugerville"
] | [
{
"title": "Friday Night Lights (TV series)",
"text": "Friday Night Lights (TV series) Friday Night Lights is an American drama television series about a high school football team in the fictional town of Dillon, Texas. It was developed by Peter Berg and executive produced by Brian Grazer, David Nevins, Sar... | {
"title": "Friday Night Lights (TV series)",
"long_answer": "All five seasons of Friday Night Lights were filmed in Austin and Pflugerville. With the show yielding roughly $33 million a year in revenue, other states courted the production company after the state of Texas failed to pay all the rebates it had promised to the show's producers. The Texas legislature authorized funding to match the offers of other states, and the production company preferred to stay near Austin, so the show remained in Texas.",
"chunked_long_answer": "All five seasons of Friday Night Lights were filmed in Austin and Pflugerville. With the show yielding roughly $33 million a year in revenue, other states courted the production company after the state of Texas failed to pay all the rebates it had promised to the show's producers. The Texas legislature authorized funding to match the offers of other states, and the production company preferred to stay near Austin, so the show remained in Texas.",
"short_answers": [
"Austin",
"Pflugerville"
]
} |
who led an attack that allowed for american victory at yorktown | [
"George Washington",
"Comte de Rochambeau"
] | [
{
"title": "Cornwallis in North America",
"text": "the place where he died. Cornwallis in North America Charles, Earl Cornwallis (1738–1805) was a military officer who served in the British Army during the American War of Independence. He is best known for surrendering his army after the 1781 Siege of Yorkt... | {
"title": "Siege of Yorktown",
"long_answer": "The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis. The culmination of the Yorktown campaign, the siege proved to be the last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War in the North American theater, as the surrender by Cornwallis, and the capture of both him and his army, prompted the British government to negotiate an end to the conflict. The battle boosted faltering American morale and revived French enthusiasm for the war, as well as undermining popular support for the conflict in Great Britain.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis. The culmination of the Yorktown campaign, the siege proved to be the last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War in the North American theater, as the",
"short_answers": [
"Comte de Rochambeau",
"George Washington"
]
} |
what process causes the continents to drift apart how | [
"Continental drift"
] | [
{
"title": "Earth",
"text": "helped prevent the atmosphere from being stripped away by the solar wind. A crust formed when the molten outer layer of Earth cooled to form a solid. The two models that explain land mass propose either a steady growth to the present-day forms or, more likely, a rapid growth ear... | {
"title": "Continental drift",
"long_answer": "Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other, thus appearing to \"drift\" across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by some for lack of a mechanism (though this was supplied later by Arthur Holmes). The idea of continental drift has been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the continents move.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other, thus appearing to \"drift\" across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by some for lack of a mechanism (though this was supplied later by Arthur Holmes). The idea of continental drift has been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the continents move.",
"short_answers": [
"Continental drift"
]
} |
who invented the first computer game in 1962 and what was the name of the game | [
"Spacewar!",
"Steve Russell",
"Wayne Wiitanen",
"Martin Graetz"
] | [
{
"title": "Early history of video games",
"text": "the device was invented, the earliest known written computer game was developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne in 1948, a chess simulation called Turochamp, though it was never actually implemented on a computer as the code was too complicated to ru... | {
"title": "Spacewar!",
"long_answer": "Spacewar! is a space combat video game developed in 1962 by Steve Russell, in collaboration with Martin Graetz and Wayne Wiitanen, and programmed by Russell with assistance from others including Bob Saunders and Steve Piner. It was written for the newly installed DEC PDP-1 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After its initial creation, Spacewar was expanded further by other students and employees of universities in the area, including Dan Edwards and Peter Samson. It was also spread to many of the few dozen, primarily academic, installations of the PDP-1 computer, making Spacewar the first known video game to be played at multiple computer installations.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Spacewar! is a space combat video game developed in 1962 by Steve Russell, in collaboration with Martin Graetz and Wayne Wiitanen, and programmed by Russell with assistance from others including Bob Saunders and Steve Piner. It was written for the newly installed DEC PDP-1 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After its initial creation, Spacewar was expanded further by other students and employees of universities in the area, including Dan Edwards and Peter Samson. It was also spread to many of the few dozen, primarily academic, installations of the PDP-1 computer, making Spacewar the first known video game to be",
"short_answers": [
"Martin Graetz",
"Spacewar!",
"Steve Russell",
"Wayne Wiitanen"
]
} |
who sings somebody's watching me with michael jackson | [
"Jermaine Jackson",
"Rockwell"
] | [
{
"title": "Somebody's Watching Me (album)",
"text": "track, \"Somebody's Watching Me\" and believed it was a song worthy of recording. When Motown staff producer Curtis Anthony Nolen took an interest in the song, he was hired as the producer on the project. While working on the song in the studio, Kennedy ... | {
"title": "Somebody's Watching Me",
"long_answer": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\" is a song by American singer Rockwell from his debut studio album Somebody's Watching Me (1984). It was released as Rockwell's debut single and lead single from the album on January 14, 1984, by Motown. It features former Jackson 5 members Michael Jackson (vocals in the chorus) and Jermaine Jackson (additional backing vocals).",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\" is a song by American singer Rockwell from his debut studio album Somebody's Watching Me (1984). It was released as Rockwell's debut single and lead single from the album on January 14, 1984, by Motown. It features former Jackson 5 members Michael Jackson (vocals in the chorus) and Jermaine Jackson (additional backing vocals).",
"short_answers": [
"Jermaine Jackson",
"Rockwell"
]
} |
who played the mom on what's eating gilbert grape | [
"Darlene Cates"
] | [
{
"title": "Darlene Cates",
"text": "gained an additional 149 pounds. Hedges offered her the role of a morbidly obese mother in the 1993 film \"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\", which she accepted. Television roles followed on the shows \"Picket Fences\" in 1994 and \"Touched by an Angel\" in 1996. She had a s... | {
"title": "Darlene Cates",
"long_answer": "Darlene Cates (born Rita Darlene Guthrie; December 13, 1947 – March 26, 2017) was an American actress. She was best known for her role in the 1993 film What's Eating Gilbert Grape, in which she played the title character's housebound mother.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Darlene Cates (born Rita Darlene Guthrie; December 13, 1947 – March 26, 2017) was an American actress. She was best known for her role in the 1993 film What's Eating Gilbert Grape, in which she played the title character's housebound mother.",
"short_answers": [
"Darlene Cates"
]
} |
when does the second part of vikings season 4 start | [
"November 30, 2016"
] | [
{
"title": "Vikings (2013 TV series)",
"text": "episodes. In the UK, \"Vikings\" premiered on May 24, 2013, where it was exclusively available on the streaming video-on-demand service LoveFilm. The second season premiered on March 24, 2015. The third season began airing on February 20, 2015, on Amazon Video... | {
"title": "Vikings (season 4)",
"long_answer": "The fourth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half premiered on November 30, 2016. The season follows the battles between Ragnar and Rollo in Francia, Bjorn's raid into the Mediterranean, and the Viking invasion of England. It concluded in its entirety on February 1, 2017.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The fourth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half premiered on November 30, 2016. The season follows the battles between Ragnar and Rollo in Francia, Bjorn's raid into the Mediterranean, and the Viking invasion of England. It concluded in its entirety on February 1, 2017.",
"short_answers": [
"November 30, 2016"
]
} |
when did the us stop trading with japan | [
"1939",
"1940"
] | [
{
"title": "Trade policy of Japan",
"text": "countries on November 11, 2011. Mass media stopped covering the question on a daily basis but the opposition movements continued. Recently Mr. Noda revealed that he will not discuss TPP question at the coming talk with U.S. President Obama on April 30. The Potsda... | {
"title": "Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor",
"long_answer": "Beginning in 1938, the U.S. adopted a succession of increasingly restrictive trade restrictions with Japan. This included terminating its 1911 commercial treaty with Japan in 1939, further tightened by the Export Control Act of 1940. These efforts failed to deter Japan from continuing its war in China, or from signing the Tripartite Pact in 1940 with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, officially forming the Axis Powers.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Beginning in 1938, the U.S. adopted a succession of increasingly restrictive trade restrictions with Japan. This included terminating its 1911 commercial treaty with Japan in 1939, further tightened by the Export Control Act of 1940. These efforts failed to deter Japan from continuing its war in China, or from signing the Tripartite Pact in 1940 with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, officially forming the Axis Powers.",
"short_answers": [
"1939",
"1940"
]
} |
who gets the golden boot if its a tie | [
"shared"
] | [
{
"title": "TT Pro League Golden Boot",
"text": "TT Pro League Golden Boot The TT Pro League Golden Boot is an annual Trinidad and Tobago football award given at the beginning of each TT Pro League calendar year to the top goalscorer for the previous season. The Golden Boot has been awarded since the establ... | {
"title": "Premier League Golden Boot",
"long_answer": "Andy Cole and Shearer – with 34 goals in 1993–94 and 1994–95, respectively – scored the most goals to win the Golden Boot, while Nicolas Anelka scored the fewest to clinch the award outright, with 19 goals in 2008–09. The all-time record for lowest number of goals scored to be bestowed the award, however, is 18 goals; this was achieved during the 1997–98 and 1998–99 seasons, when the award was shared between three players both times. The latter season marked the last time the Golden Boot was shared until 2010–11, when Dimitar Berbatov and Carlos Tevez both scored 20 goals that season to tie for the award. Harry Kane recorded the highest goals-to-games ratio to win the award, scoring 29 goals in 30 games in 2016–17 for a rate of 0.97.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "to win the Golden Boot, while Nicolas Anelka scored the fewest to clinch the award outright, with 19 goals in 2008–09. The all-time record for lowest number of goals scored to be bestowed the award, however, is 18 goals; this was achieved during the 1997–98 and 1998–99 seasons, when the award was shared between three players both times. The latter season marked the last time the Golden Boot was shared until 2010–11, when Dimitar Berbatov and Carlos Tevez both scored 20 goals that season to tie for the award. Harry Kane recorded the highest goals-to-games ratio to win the award,",
"short_answers": [
"shared"
]
} |
who is the minister of local government in zimbabwe | [
"Hon July Moyo"
] | [
{
"title": "Martin Moyo",
"text": "In 2008 he was elected Councillor for Bulawayo's Ward 3. He retained this seat in the 2013 municipal elections and was elected Mayor of the City of Bulawayo. In 2014 Moyo was elected president of the Urban Councils Association of Zimbabwe (UCAZ). In 2015 Moyo was elected P... | {
"title": "Ministry of Local Government and Urban Development (Zimbabwe)",
"long_answer": "The Ministry of Local Government, Rural and Urban Development is a government ministry, responsible for local government in Zimbabwe. The incumbent minister is Hon July Moyo and the deputy minister is Sesel Zvidzai. It oversees:",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Ministry of Local Government, Rural and Urban Development is a government ministry, responsible for local government in Zimbabwe. The incumbent minister is Hon July Moyo and the deputy minister is Sesel Zvidzai. It oversees:",
"short_answers": [
"Hon July Moyo"
]
} |
who are the dallas cowboys playing on thanksgiving | [
"Los Angeles Chargers",
"the Detroit Lions"
] | [
{
"title": "2010 Dallas Cowboys season",
"text": "in their annual Thanksgiving Day game. The Cowboys trailed early with RB Chris Ivory getting a 3-yard TD run, followed by kicker Garrett Hartley getting a 50-yard field goal, and then by Ivory making a 6-yard TD run. The Cowboys cut the lead as kicker David ... | {
"title": "NFL on Thanksgiving Day",
"long_answer": "The National Football League (NFL) on Thanksgiving Day is a traditional series of games played during the Thanksgiving holiday in the United States. It has been a regular occurrence since the league's inception in 1920. Currently, three NFL games are played every Thanksgiving. The first two are hosted by the Detroit Lions and the Dallas Cowboys; a third game, with no fixed opponents, has been played annually since 2006.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The National Football League (NFL) on Thanksgiving Day is a traditional series of games played during the Thanksgiving holiday in the United States. It has been a regular occurrence since the league's inception in 1920. Currently, three NFL games are played every Thanksgiving. The first two are hosted by the Detroit Lions and the Dallas Cowboys; a third game, with no fixed opponents, has been played annually since 2006.",
"short_answers": [
"the Detroit Lions"
]
} |
what are the roles of international monetary fund | [
"foster global monetary cooperation",
"secure financial stability",
"to foster global monetary cooperation",
"reduce poverty around the world",
"facilitate international trade"
] | [
{
"title": "International Monetary Fund",
"text": "Bank, criticises these policies. He argues that by converting to a more monetarist approach, the purpose of the fund is no longer valid, as it was designed to provide funds for countries to carry out Keynesian reflations, and that the IMF \"was not particip... | {
"title": "International Monetary Fund",
"long_answer": "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., of \"189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.\" Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial crises. Countries contribute funds to a pool through a quota system from which countries experiencing balance of payments problems can borrow money. As of 2016, the fund had SDR477 billion (about $668 billion).",
"chunked_long_answer": "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., of \"189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.\" Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial crises. Countries",
"short_answers": [
"facilitate international trade",
"foster global monetary cooperation",
"reduce poverty around the world",
"secure financial stability",
"to foster global monetary cooperation"
]
} |
when was the first star wars film released | [
"1977",
"May 25, 1977"
] | [
{
"title": "Star Wars (film)",
"text": "the first of these films and saw its theatrical release in 2012. However, due to \"\", Lucas delayed the releases of the rest of the saga. While both \"\" and \"\" 3D versions were screened at the 2013 and 2015 \"Star Wars\" Celebration, Lucas never released the origi... | {
"title": "List of Star Wars films and television series",
"long_answer": "The Star Wars films include two complete trilogies: the original trilogy released between 1977 and 1983, and the prequel trilogy released between 1999 and 2005. A third trilogy that follows the first two began in 2015. Other films have taken or will take place between the trilogy films. There have also been several Star Wars television series and films, with the first being released in 1978.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Star Wars films include two complete trilogies: the original trilogy released between 1977 and 1983, and the prequel trilogy released between 1999 and 2005. A third trilogy that follows the first two began in 2015. Other films have taken or will take place between the trilogy films. There have also been several Star Wars television series and films, with the first being released in 1978.",
"short_answers": [
"1977"
]
} |
who was the bad guy in silence of the lambs | [
"Buffalo Bill"
] | [
{
"title": "The Silence of the Lambs (film)",
"text": "was then offered the part based on his performance in \"The Elephant Man\". Other actors considered for the role included Al Pacino, Robert De Niro, Dustin Hoffman, Derek Jacobi and Daniel Day-Lewis. Gene Hackman was originally going to play Jack Crawfo... | {
"title": "Ted Levine",
"long_answer": "After his breakout role in The Silence of the Lambs (as primary antagonist Buffalo Bill), there was a period where he was typecast in villainous roles. Levine was able to remedy this by playing more positive characters, such as a member of Al Pacino's police unit in Heat, astronaut Alan Shepard in the HBO mini-series From the Earth to the Moon, and Paul Walker's police superior Sergeant Tanner in The Fast and the Furious. In the drama Georgia, he played Mare Winningham's husband, one of his most sympathetic roles. His résumé also includes an uncredited role as the voice of the sociopathic trucker \"Rusty Nail\" in 2001's Joy Ride, and his performance as Detective Sam Nico in the 2003 film Wonderland, based on the gruesome murders in the Hollywood Hills. From 2002 to 2009, he co-starred as Captain Leland Stottlemeyer on USA Network's detective series Monk, starring Tony Shalhoub.",
"chunked_long_answer": "After his breakout role in The Silence of the Lambs (as primary antagonist Buffalo Bill), there was a period where he was typecast in villainous roles. Levine was able to remedy this by playing more positive characters, such as a member of Al Pacino's police unit in Heat, astronaut Alan Shepard in the HBO mini-series From the Earth to the Moon, and Paul Walker's police superior Sergeant Tanner in The Fast and the Furious. In the drama Georgia, he played Mare Winningham's husband, one of his most sympathetic roles. His résumé also includes an uncredited role as the voice of",
"short_answers": [
"Buffalo Bill"
]
} |
epidemiologists attempt to explain the link between health and variables such as | [
"biological agents",
"disease conditions in defined populations",
"smoking",
"stress",
"chemicals",
"alcohol"
] | [
{
"title": "Epidemiology",
"text": "applied to cover the description and causation of not only epidemic disease, but of disease in general, and even many non-disease, health-related conditions, such as high blood pressure and obesity. Therefore, this epidemiology is based upon how the pattern of the disease... | {
"title": "Epidemiology",
"long_answer": "Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, amend interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, amend interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.",
"short_answers": [
"disease conditions in defined populations"
]
} |
when was night at the museum 3 filmed | [
"British Columbia, Canada",
"January to May 2014",
"2014",
"London, England",
"from January to May 2014"
] | [
{
"title": "Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian",
"text": "as director. The film was mostly filmed in Vancouver and Montreal with some scenes filmed in the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C.. A scene was shot at the Lincoln Memorial on the night of May 21, 2008. Scenes were also shot at the American... | {
"title": "Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb",
"long_answer": "Principal photography of Secret of the Tomb took place from January to May 2014 in London, England and British Columbia, Canada. The film premiered on December 11, 2014, at New York City's Ziegfeld Theater and was released in the United States on December 19, 2014. Secret of the Tomb grossed over $363 million at the box office. This film was dedicated to the memory of Robin Williams, who died four months before the film's release, and fellow Night at the Museum actor Mickey Rooney, who died before principal photography was finished.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography of Secret of the Tomb took place from January to May 2014 in London, England and British Columbia, Canada. The film premiered on December 11, 2014, at New York City's Ziegfeld Theater and was released in the United States on December 19, 2014. Secret of the Tomb grossed over $363 million at the box office. This film was dedicated to the memory of Robin Williams, who died four months before the film's release, and fellow Night at the Museum actor Mickey Rooney, who died before principal photography was finished.",
"short_answers": [
"British Columbia, Canada",
"January to May 2014",
"London, England",
"from January to May 2014"
]
} |
what mall did they use in back to the future | [
"Puente Hills Mall"
] | [
{
"title": "Back to the Future: The Ride",
"text": "had completely different layouts. In Florida the two arenas were back to back. Designers found that this led to some operational problems so the California building was designed so that the arenas were on opposite ends of the building with the queue and pr... | {
"title": "Puente Hills Mall",
"long_answer": "Puente Hills Mall, located in the City of Industry, California, United States, is a major regional shopping center in the San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County. It is most famous for serving as the filming site for the Twin Pines/Lone Pine Mall for the 1985 movie Back to the Future starring Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Puente Hills Mall, located in the City of Industry, California, United States, is a major regional shopping center in the San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County. It is most famous for serving as the filming site for the Twin Pines/Lone Pine Mall for the 1985 movie Back to the Future starring Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd.",
"short_answers": [
"Puente Hills Mall"
]
} |
what does rt mean on a dodge car | [
"Road/Track"
] | [
{
"title": "Chrysler minivans (RT)",
"text": "The suspension was heavily re-tuned, with both Dodge and Chrysler minivans gaining a larger front sway bar and new rear sway bar, increased rear roll center height, adjusted spring rates, a new steering gear, a revised front static camber setting, and lowered ri... | {
"title": "R/T",
"long_answer": "R/T is the performance marker used on Dodge automobiles since the 1960s (much like Chevrolet Super Sport). R/T stands for Road/Track (no \"and\"). R/T models usually come with R/T badging and a combination of upgraded suspension, tires, brakes, and often more powerful engines. Many models have also come with monotone paint and stripes as well as aggressive body kits. In 2004 the Chrysler SRT Division (Chrysler Corp. SRT Vehicles) replaced R/T as the high performance auto group for Dodge vehicles, though the trim level is still in use on many current models.",
"chunked_long_answer": "R/T is the performance marker used on Dodge automobiles since the 1960s (much like Chevrolet Super Sport). R/T stands for Road/Track (no \"and\"). R/T models usually come with R/T badging and a combination of upgraded suspension, tires, brakes, and often more powerful engines. Many models have also come with monotone paint and stripes as well as aggressive body kits. In 2004 the Chrysler SRT Division (Chrysler Corp. SRT Vehicles) replaced R/T as the high performance auto group for Dodge vehicles, though the trim level is still in use on many current models.",
"short_answers": [
"Road/Track"
]
} |
when did the movie breakfast club come out | [
"February 15, 1985",
"February 15, 1985",
"1985"
] | [
{
"title": "The Breakfast Club",
"text": "announced that the film was released in a special edition in January 2018. The film received high critical acclaim. Kathleen Carroll from the \"New York Daily News\" stated, \"Hughes has a wonderful knack for communicating the feelings of teenagers, as well as an ob... | {
"title": "The Breakfast Club",
"long_answer": "The Breakfast Club is a 1985 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film written, produced, and directed by John Hughes, starring Emilio Estevez, Paul Gleason, Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald and Ally Sheedy. The storyline follows five teenagers, each members of different high school cliques, who spend a Saturday in detention together and come to realize that they are all more than their respective stereotypes, while facing a strict disciplinarian.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Breakfast Club is a 1985 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film written, produced, and directed by John Hughes, starring Emilio Estevez, Paul Gleason, Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald and Ally Sheedy. The storyline follows five teenagers, each members of different high school cliques, who spend a Saturday in detention together and come to realize that they are all more than their respective stereotypes, while facing a strict disciplinarian.",
"short_answers": [
"1985"
]
} |
who is the king and queen of the netherlands | [
"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands",
"King Willem-Alexander"
] | [
{
"title": "Beatrix of the Netherlands",
"text": "Beatrix of the Netherlands Beatrix of the Netherlands (Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard, ; born 31 January 1938) is a member of the Dutch royal family who reigned as Queen of the Netherlands from 30 April 1980 until her abdication on 30 April 2013. Beatrix is the ... | {
"title": "Queen Máxima of the Netherlands",
"long_answer": "Queen Máxima of the Netherlands (born Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti; 17 May 1971) is the wife of King Willem-Alexander.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Queen Máxima of the Netherlands (born Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti; 17 May 1971) is the wife of King Willem-Alexander.",
"short_answers": [
"King Willem-Alexander",
"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands"
]
} |
what written material is included in the talmud | [
"the Mishnah",
"the Gemara"
] | [
{
"title": "Talmud",
"text": "Hebrew and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic and contains the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis (dating from before the Common Era through to the fifth century) on a variety of subjects, including \"halakha\", Jewish ethics, philosophy, customs, history, lore and many other... | {
"title": "Talmud",
"long_answer": "The Talmud has two components; the Mishnah (Hebrew: משנה, c. 200 CE), a written compendium of Rabbinic Judaism's Oral Torah; and the Gemara (c. 500 CE), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Hebrew Bible. \"Talmud\" translates literally as \"instruction\" in Hebrew, and the term may refer to either the Gemara alone, or the Mishnah and Gemara together.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Talmud has two components; the Mishnah (Hebrew: משנה, c. 200 CE), a written compendium of Rabbinic Judaism's Oral Torah; and the Gemara (c. 500 CE), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Hebrew Bible. \"Talmud\" translates literally as \"instruction\" in Hebrew, and the term may refer to either the Gemara alone, or the Mishnah and Gemara together.",
"short_answers": [
"the Gemara",
"the Mishnah"
]
} |
what are the value of style guides and style sheet | [
"improve communication"
] | [
{
"title": "Style guide",
"text": "and in desktop publishing (e.g., how inline styles in HTML cascade over CSS styles). A short style guide is often called a \"style sheet\". A comprehensive guide tends to be long and is often called a \"style manual\" or \"manual of style\" (\"MOS\" or \"MoS\"). In many ca... | {
"title": "Style guide",
"long_answer": "A style guide establishes and enforces style to improve communication. To do that, it ensures consistency within a document and across multiple documents and enforces best practice in usage and in language composition, visual composition, orthography and typography. For academic and technical documents, a guide may also enforce the best practice in ethics (such as authorship, research ethics, and disclosure), pedagogy (such as exposition and clarity), and compliance (technical and regulatory).",
"chunked_long_answer": "A style guide establishes and enforces style to improve communication. To do that, it ensures consistency within a document and across multiple documents and enforces best practice in usage and in language composition, visual composition, orthography and typography. For academic and technical documents, a guide may also enforce the best practice in ethics (such as authorship, research ethics, and disclosure), pedagogy (such as exposition and clarity), and compliance (technical and regulatory).",
"short_answers": [
"improve communication"
]
} |
what is the approximate volume of blood in your body | [
"approximately 5 liters"
] | [
{
"title": "Blood",
"text": "the presence of potential molecular fibers in the form of fibrinogen. Blood performs many important functions within the body, including: Blood accounts for 7% of the human body weight, with an average density around 1060 kg/m, very close to pure water's density of 1000 kg/m. Th... | {
"title": "Blood volume",
"long_answer": "A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters, with females generally having less blood volume than males. Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters, with females generally having less blood volume than males. Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys.",
"short_answers": [
"approximately 5 liters"
]
} |
when did france and belgium invade the ruhr | [
"11 January 1923",
"January 1923",
"1923"
] | [
{
"title": "Ruhr Question",
"text": "policy of containment in particular. Ruhr Question The Ruhr Question was a political topos put on the agenda by the Allies of World War I and the Allies of World War II in the negotiations following each respective war, concerning how to deal with the economic and techno... | {
"title": "Occupation of the Ruhr",
"long_answer": "The Occupation of the Ruhr (German: Ruhrbesetzung) was a period of military occupation of the German Ruhr valley by France and Belgium between 1923 and 1925 in response to the Weimar Republic's failure to continue its reparation payments in the aftermath of World War I.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Occupation of the Ruhr (German: Ruhrbesetzung) was a period of military occupation of the German Ruhr valley by France and Belgium between 1923 and 1925 in response to the Weimar Republic's failure to continue its reparation payments in the aftermath of World War I.\n",
"short_answers": [
"1923"
]
} |
what type of novel is goodbye mr chips | [
"Psychological fiction",
"novella"
] | [
{
"title": "James Hilton (novelist)",
"text": "next eleven years were difficult for him, and it was not until 1931 that he had success with the novel \"And Now Goodbye\". Following this, several of his books were international bestsellers and inspired successful film adaptations, notably \"Lost Horizon\" (1... | {
"title": "Goodbye, Mr. Chips",
"long_answer": "Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a novella about the life of a schoolteacher, Mr. Chipping, written by the English writer James Hilton and first published by Hodder & Stoughton in October 1934. It has been adapted into two cinema films and two television presentations. The novella has remained an essential part of the English subject syllabus taught at Pakistan's higher secondary school level for the past 30 years, although its choice has received some criticism in the recent past due to perceived lack of relevance to the local society and education system.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a novella about the life of a schoolteacher, Mr. Chipping, written by the English writer James Hilton and first published by Hodder & Stoughton in October 1934. It has been adapted into two cinema films and two television presentations. The novella has remained an essential part of the English subject syllabus taught at Pakistan's higher secondary school level for the past 30 years, although its choice has received some criticism in the recent past due to perceived lack of relevance to the local society and education system.",
"short_answers": [
"novella"
]
} |
who won the mens figure skating in 2018 olympics | [
"Yuzuru Hanyu",
"Javier Fernández",
"Shoma Uno"
] | [
{
"title": "Deniss Vasiļjevs",
"text": "5th in the free skate and climbed to 6th overall. He went on to win gold at Cup of Tyrol for the second time. In December, Vasiļjevs won his 3rd national title, and along with Diāna Ņikitina, was subsequently selected to represent Latvia in figure skating at the 2018... | {
"title": "Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles",
"long_answer": "With his victory at the 2018 Winter Olympics, Yuzuru Hanyu became the first male figure skater to win two consecutive gold medals after Dick Button, who did so in 1952. Fellow countryman Shoma Uno won the silver medal, and Spain's Javier Fernández won the bronze medal. Fernández won Spain's first figure skating medal and fourth medal at the Winter Olympics.",
"chunked_long_answer": "With his victory at the 2018 Winter Olympics, Yuzuru Hanyu became the first male figure skater to win two consecutive gold medals after Dick Button, who did so in 1952. Fellow countryman Shoma Uno won the silver medal, and Spain's Javier Fernández won the bronze medal. Fernández won Spain's first figure skating medal and fourth medal at the Winter Olympics.",
"short_answers": [
"Yuzuru Hanyu"
]
} |
when do you get your dress blues in the army | [
"during initial entry training",
"when commissioned"
] | [
{
"title": "Uniforms of the United States Army",
"text": "2020 by a new version of the \"Army Greens\", based on the \"pinks and greens\" uniform worn in World War II. The current Army Blues Uniform will return to being a formal dress uniform. The new service uniform will include khaki pants and brown leath... | {
"title": "Army Service Uniform",
"long_answer": "The Army currently uses the blue Army Service Uniform. According to Army Regulation 670-1: Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia, Army White, and Army Blue uniforms are considered Dress Uniforms. The Army Service Uniform seeks to combine these distinctions through wear stipulations. Possession and use of the blue ASU is now mandatory for all soldiers as of October 1, 2015, when the green class A was retired. As of fall 2010, enlisted soldiers receive the blue service uniform as part of their basic clothing bag issue when they enter the army during initial entry training. The army further provides active-duty enlisted soldiers an annual clothing allowance to maintain proper fit and appearance of their basic clothing bag issue items. The army includes a series of stipends in this annual clothing allowance towards the replacement of the green service uniform and all basic clothing bag items.",
"chunked_long_answer": "considered Dress Uniforms. The Army Service Uniform seeks to combine these distinctions through wear stipulations. Possession and use of the blue ASU is now mandatory for all soldiers as of October 1, 2015, when the green class A was retired. As of fall 2010, enlisted soldiers receive the blue service uniform as part of their basic clothing bag issue when they enter the army during initial entry training. The army further provides active-duty enlisted soldiers an annual clothing allowance to maintain proper fit and appearance of their basic clothing bag issue items. The army includes a series of stipends in",
"short_answers": [
"during initial entry training"
]
} |
when does buffy tell her friends she was in heaven | [
"Something to Sing About"
] | [
{
"title": "After Life (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)",
"text": "She admits to him that although she wasn't initially sure where she was, she knows that she wasn't in Hell. She was in Heaven and was happy, and her friends pulled her out. Spike is shocked as she tells him that this reality is her Hell, having be... | {
"title": "Once More, with Feeling (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)",
"long_answer": "Meeting Sweet at The Bronze, Buffy offers a deal to Sweet: she will take the place of her sister if she can’t kill him. When asked by Sweet what she thinks about life, Buffy gives her pessimistic take on its meaning (\"Something to Sing About\"). When the others arrive, she divulges that Willow took her from heaven, and Willow reacts with horror at finding out what she’s done. Upon divulging this truth, Buffy gives up on singing and dances so frenetically that she begins to smoke — on the verge of combusting as Sweet’s other victims have been shown to do — until Spike stops her, telling her that the only way to go forward is to just keep living her life. Xander then reveals that he, not Dawn, called Sweet, hoping he would be shown a happy ending for his marriage plans. Sweet, after releasing Xander from the obligation to be Sweet's “bride”, tells the group how much fun they have been (\"What You Feel—Reprise\") and disappears. The Scoobies realize that their relationships have been changed irreversibly by the secrets revealed in their songs (\"Where Do We Go from Here?\"). Spike leaves The Bronze, but Buffy follows him out, and they kiss (\"Coda\").",
"chunked_long_answer": "Meeting Sweet at The Bronze, Buffy offers a deal to Sweet: she will take the place of her sister if she can’t kill him. When asked by Sweet what she thinks about life, Buffy gives her pessimistic take on its meaning (\"Something to Sing About\"). When the others arrive, she divulges that Willow took her from heaven, and Willow reacts with horror at finding out what she’s done. Upon divulging this truth, Buffy gives up on singing and dances so frenetically that she begins to smoke — on the verge of combusting as Sweet’s other victims have been shown to",
"short_answers": [
"Something to Sing About"
]
} |
the recipient of first jnanpith award was an author which language | [
"Malayalam"
] | [
{
"title": "Jnanpith Award",
"text": "Jnanpith Award The Jnanpith Award is an Indian literary award presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith to an author for their \"outstanding contribution towards literature\". Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian writers writing in Indian language... | {
"title": "Jnanpith Award",
"long_answer": "From 1965 till 1981, the award was given to the authors for their \"most outstanding work\" and consisted of a citation plaque, a cash prize of ₹1 lakh (equivalent to ₹48 lakh or US$75,000 in 2017), and a bronze replica of Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge and wisdom. The first recipient of the award was the Malayalam writer G. Sankara Kurup who received the award in 1965 for his collection of poems, Odakkuzhal (The Bamboo Flute), published in 1950. The rules were revised in subsequent years to consider only works published during the preceding twenty years, excluding the year for which the award was to be given and the cash prize was increased to ₹1.5 lakh (equivalent to ₹22 lakh or US$34,000 in 2017) from 1981.",
"chunked_long_answer": "work\" and consisted of a citation plaque, a cash prize of ₹1 lakh (equivalent to ₹48 lakh or US$75,000 in 2017), and a bronze replica of Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge and wisdom. The first recipient of the award was the Malayalam writer G. Sankara Kurup who received the award in 1965 for his collection of poems, Odakkuzhal (The Bamboo Flute), published in 1950. The rules were revised in subsequent years to consider only works published during the preceding twenty years, excluding the year for which the award was to be given and the cash prize was increased to",
"short_answers": [
"Malayalam"
]
} |
criminal minds episode where jj becomes a profiler | [
"season seven premiere",
"The season seven premiere"
] | [
{
"title": "Criminal Minds",
"text": "Terrorism Unit. In season 6, JJ is forced to accept a promotion at The Pentagon, causing her to leave the BAU. Later that season, Emily is seemingly killed off. Although she survives, she does not appear for the rest of the season. Cook and Brewster were both replaced b... | {
"title": "Jennifer Jareau",
"long_answer": "The season seven premiere reveals that JJ has returned to the Behavioral Analysis Unit, having received the training to become a full-time profiler, instead of the Media Liaison, a position which has been split between Hotch and Garcia.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The season seven premiere reveals that JJ has returned to the Behavioral Analysis Unit, having received the training to become a full-time profiler, instead of the Media Liaison, a position which has been split between Hotch and Garcia.",
"short_answers": [
"The season seven premiere",
"season seven premiere"
]
} |
who discovered that neural communication between cells occurs through chemicals | [
"Charles Sherrington"
] | [
{
"title": "Neurotransmitter",
"text": "the synaptic cleft, was discovered. The presence of such a gap suggested communication via chemical messengers traversing the synaptic cleft, and in 1921 German pharmacologist Otto Loewi (1873–1961) confirmed that neurons can communicate by releasing chemicals. Throug... | {
"title": "Synapse",
"long_answer": "Santiago Ramón y Cajal proposed that neurons are not continuous throughout the body, yet still communicate with each other, an idea known as the neuron doctrine. The word \"synapse\" – from the Greek synapsis (συνάψις), meaning \"conjunction\", in turn from συνάπτεὶν (συν (\"together\") and ἅπτειν (\"to fasten\")) – was introduced in 1897 by the English neurophysiologist Charles Sherrington in Michael Foster's Textbook of Physiology. Sherrington struggled to find a good term that emphasized a union between two separate elements, and the actual term \"synapse\" was suggested by the English classical scholar Arthur Woollgar Verrall, a friend of Michael Foster. Some authors generalize the concept of the synapse to include the communication from a neuron to any other cell type, such as to a motor cell, although such non-neuronal contacts may be referred to as junctions (a historically older term).",
"chunked_long_answer": "Santiago Ramón y Cajal proposed that neurons are not continuous throughout the body, yet still communicate with each other, an idea known as the neuron doctrine. The word \"synapse\" – from the Greek synapsis (συνάψις), meaning \"conjunction\", in turn from συνάπτεὶν (συν (\"together\") and ἅπτειν (\"to fasten\")) – was introduced in 1897 by the English neurophysiologist Charles Sherrington in Michael Foster's Textbook of Physiology. Sherrington struggled to find a good term that emphasized a union between two separate elements, and the actual term \"synapse\" was suggested by the English classical scholar Arthur Woollgar Verrall, a friend of Michael Foster. Some",
"short_answers": [
"Charles Sherrington"
]
} |
which condition would most likely require nutrition delivered through tpn | [
"bowel obstruction",
"ulcerative colitis",
"high-output fistula",
"short bowel syndrome",
"very severe Crohn's disease",
"prolonged diarrhea",
"gastroschisis"
] | [
{
"title": "Parenteral nutrition",
"text": "parenteral nutrition (PPN) when nutrition is also partially enteric. It may be called peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) when administered through vein access in a limb rather than through a central vein as central venous nutrition (CVN). Total parenteral nutri... | {
"title": "Parenteral nutrition",
"long_answer": "TPN may be the only feasible option for providing nutrition to patients who do not have a functioning gastrointestinal tract or who have disorders requiring complete bowel rest, including bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome, gastroschisis, prolonged diarrhea regardless of its cause, high-output fistula, very severe Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and certain pediatric GI disorders including congenital GI anomalies and necrotizing enterocolitis.",
"chunked_long_answer": "TPN may be the only feasible option for providing nutrition to patients who do not have a functioning gastrointestinal tract or who have disorders requiring complete bowel rest, including bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome, gastroschisis, prolonged diarrhea regardless of its cause, high-output fistula, very severe Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and certain pediatric GI disorders including congenital GI anomalies and necrotizing enterocolitis.",
"short_answers": [
"bowel obstruction",
"gastroschisis",
"high-output fistula",
"prolonged diarrhea",
"short bowel syndrome",
"ulcerative colitis",
"very severe Crohn's disease"
]
} |
today gestalt psychology ideas are part of which branch of psychology | [
"Berlin School of experimental psychology",
"experimental psychology"
] | [
{
"title": "Learning theory (education)",
"text": "theories grew out of Gestalt psychology. Gestalt psychology was developed in Germany in the early 1900s by Wolfgang Kohler and was brought to America in the 1920s. The German word \"Gestalt\" is roughly equivalent to the English \"configuration\" or \"organ... | {
"title": "Gestalt psychology",
"long_answer": "Gestalt psychology or gestaltism (German: Gestalt [ɡəˈʃtalt] \"shape, form\") is a philosophy of mind of the Berlin School of experimental psychology. Gestalt psychology is an attempt to understand the laws behind the ability to acquire and maintain meaningful perceptions in an apparently chaotic world. The central principle of gestalt psychology is that the mind forms a global whole with self-organizing tendencies. The assumed physiological mechanisms on which Gestalt theory rests are poorly defined and support for their existence is lacking. The Gestalt theory of perception has been criticized as being descriptive of the end products of perception without providing much insight into the processes that lead to perception. In the introduction to a 2016 special issue of the journal Vision Research on Gestalt perception, the authors concluded that \"even though they study the same phenomena as earlier Gestaltists, there is little theoretical coherence. What happened to the Gestalt school that always aspired to provide a unified vision of psychology? Perhaps there is, in fact, little that holds the classic phenomena of Gestalt psychology together.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "Gestalt psychology or gestaltism (German: Gestalt [ɡəˈʃtalt] \"shape, form\") is a philosophy of mind of the Berlin School of experimental psychology. Gestalt psychology is an attempt to understand the laws behind the ability to acquire and maintain meaningful perceptions in an apparently chaotic world. The central principle of gestalt psychology is that the mind forms a global whole with self-organizing tendencies. The assumed physiological mechanisms on which Gestalt theory rests are poorly defined and support for their existence is lacking. The Gestalt theory of perception has been criticized as being descriptive of the end products of perception without providing much",
"short_answers": [
"Berlin School of experimental psychology",
"experimental psychology"
]
} |
how did long john silver lose his leg in treasure island | [
"in the Royal Navy"
] | [
{
"title": "The Adventures of Long John Silver",
"text": "Children's TV Club. It was also shown on commercial regional TV in the mid to late 70s in Australia. In 1985 the series was repeated in the United Kingdom in a Saturday afternoon slot on ITV. For much of its international audience, the series aired a... | {
"title": "Long John Silver",
"long_answer": "Long John Silver is a cunning and opportunistic pirate who was quartermaster under the notorious Captain Flint. Long John Silver had a pet parrot called Captain Flint, often seen sitting on his shoulder where she would nibble on seeds. Silver claims to have served in the Royal Navy and lost his leg under \"the immortal Hawke\". \"His left leg was cut off close by the hip, and under the left shoulder, he carried a crutch, which he managed with wonderful dexterity, hopping about upon it like a bird. He was very tall and strong, with a face as big as a ham—plain and pale, but intelligent and smiling.\" (Treasure Island (1883) by Robert Louis Stevenson page 82). He claims to have been the only man whom Flint ever feared. Like many of Stevenson's characters, there is more than a modicum of duality in the character; ostensibly Silver is a hardworking and likeable seaman, and it is only as the plot unfolds that his villainous nature is gradually revealed. His relationship with Jim Hawkins, the novel's protagonist and narrator, is interesting, as he serves as a mentor and eventually father-figure to Jim, creating much shock and emotion when it is discovered that he is in charge of the mutiny, and especially when Jim must confront and fight him later on. Although willing to change sides at any time to further his own interests, Silver has compensating virtues: he is wise enough to pay attention to money management, in contrast to the spendthrift ways of most of the pirates, and is physically courageous despite his disability; for instance, when Flint's cache is found to be empty, he coolly stands his ground against five active seamen despite having only Jim, a boy in his teens, to back him.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "is a cunning and opportunistic pirate who was quartermaster under the notorious Captain Flint. Long John Silver had a pet parrot called Captain Flint, often seen sitting on his shoulder where she would nibble on seeds. Silver claims to have served in the Royal Navy and lost his leg under \"the immortal Hawke\". \"His left leg was cut off close by the hip, and under the left shoulder, he carried a crutch, which he managed with wonderful dexterity, hopping about upon it like a bird. He was very tall and strong, with a face as big as a ham—plain and",
"short_answers": [
"in the Royal Navy"
]
} |
who did the mavericks beat in the finals | [
"Miami Heat"
] | [
{
"title": "Dirk Nowitzki",
"text": "three games in a row. After losing Game 6, Dallas won Game 7 convincingly and won the series even though Nowitzki struggled with his shooting. In the Western Conference Semifinals, the Mavericks met the Phoenix Suns, the new club of Nash. They split the first four games,... | {
"title": "2011 NBA Finals",
"long_answer": "The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2010–11 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship. Dallas became the last NBA team from Texas to win its first title, after the Houston Rockets won back-to-back titles in 1994 and 1995, and the San Antonio Spurs won four NBA championships in 1999, 2003, 2005 and 2007, and a fifth one subsequently in 2014; all three Texas NBA teams have now won at least one NBA championship. It was also the first time in four years that the Los Angeles Lakers did not make the Finals, having been swept in the Western Conference semifinals by the eventual champion Dallas Mavericks.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2010–11 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship. Dallas became the last NBA team from Texas to win its first title, after the Houston Rockets won back-to-back titles in 1994 and 1995, and the San Antonio Spurs won four NBA championships in 1999, 2003, 2005 and 2007, and a fifth one subsequently in 2014; all three Texas NBA teams have now won",
"short_answers": [
"Miami Heat"
]
} |
who is the actor that plays sneaky pete | [
"Giovanni Ribisi"
] | [
{
"title": "Sneaky Pete",
"text": "the pilot, with some tweaking and possible minor reshoots before being made available to the viewers. The pilot was released on Amazon on August 7, 2015 and was ordered to series on September 2, 2015. In March 2016, it was announced that Shore would be leaving the project,... | {
"title": "Sneaky Pete",
"long_answer": "Sneaky Pete is an American crime drama series created by David Shore and Bryan Cranston. The series follows Marius Josipović (Giovanni Ribisi), a released convict who adopts the identity of his cell mate, Pete Murphy, in order to avoid his past life. The series also stars Marin Ireland, Shane McRae, Libe Barer, Michael Drayer, Peter Gerety, and Margo Martindale. The pilot debuted on August 7, 2015, and was followed by a full series order that September. Shore left the project in early 2016 and was replaced by Graham Yost, who served as executive producer and showrunner for the remaining nine episodes. The first season premiered in its entirety on January 13, 2017, exclusively on Amazon Video. On January 19, 2017, Amazon announced that Sneaky Pete had been renewed for a second season, which was released on March 9, 2018.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Sneaky Pete is an American crime drama series created by David Shore and Bryan Cranston. The series follows Marius Josipović (Giovanni Ribisi), a released convict who adopts the identity of his cell mate, Pete Murphy, in order to avoid his past life. The series also stars Marin Ireland, Shane McRae, Libe Barer, Michael Drayer, Peter Gerety, and Margo Martindale. The pilot debuted on August 7, 2015, and was followed by a full series order that September. Shore left the project in early 2016 and was replaced by Graham Yost, who served as executive producer and showrunner for the remaining nine",
"short_answers": [
"Giovanni Ribisi"
]
} |
sequel to a christmas story it runs in the family | [
"My Summer Story"
] | [
{
"title": "A Christmas Tale",
"text": "A Christmas Tale A Christmas Tale () is a 2008 French comedy-drama film by Arnaud Desplechin, starring Catherine Deneuve, Jean-Paul Roussillon, Mathieu Amalric, Anne Consigny, Melvil Poupaud, Emmanuelle Devos and Chiara Mastroianni. It tells the story of a family with... | {
"title": "My Summer Story",
"long_answer": "My Summer Story, originally released in theaters as It Runs in the Family, is a 1994 film that follows the further adventures of the Parker family from A Christmas Story. Like the previous film, it is based on semi-autobiographical stories by Jean Shepherd, primarily from his book In God We Trust, All Others Pay Cash.",
"chunked_long_answer": "My Summer Story, originally released in theaters as It Runs in the Family, is a 1994 film that follows the further adventures of the Parker family from A Christmas Story. Like the previous film, it is based on semi-autobiographical stories by Jean Shepherd, primarily from his book In God We Trust, All Others Pay Cash.",
"short_answers": [
"My Summer Story"
]
} |
when did virgin australia (formerly virgin blue) commence flying in australia | [
"November 1999"
] | [
{
"title": "Virgin Australia",
"text": "unchanged after the rollout of premium economy. Virgin Australia began long haul international operations as V Australia, commencing its first passenger flight operations on 27 February 2009. V Australia was re-branded as Virgin Australia's Long Haul International Ope... | {
"title": "Virgin Australia",
"long_answer": "Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd, formerly Virgin Blue Airlines, is Australia's second-largest airline after Qantas and it is the largest airline by fleet size to use the 'Virgin' brand. Now based in Bowen Hills, Brisbane, the airline was co-founded by British businessman Richard Branson, the founder of parent Virgin Group and former Virgin Blue CEO Brett Godfrey. It was established in November 1999 with two aircraft operating on a single route, and suddenly found itself catapulted to the position of Australia's second airline after the collapse of Ansett Australia in September 2001. The airline has grown to directly serve 29 cities in Australia from hubs in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney, using a fleet of narrow-body Boeing and Embraer jets; and Airbus and Boeing widebody jets.",
"chunked_long_answer": "use the 'Virgin' brand. Now based in Bowen Hills, Brisbane, the airline was co-founded by British businessman Richard Branson, the founder of parent Virgin Group and former Virgin Blue CEO Brett Godfrey. It was established in November 1999 with two aircraft operating on a single route, and suddenly found itself catapulted to the position of Australia's second airline after the collapse of Ansett Australia in September 2001. The airline has grown to directly serve 29 cities in Australia from hubs in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney, using a fleet of narrow-body Boeing and Embraer jets; and Airbus and Boeing widebody jets.",
"short_answers": [
"November 1999"
]
} |
a political leader during the roman empire was called | [
"emperors"
] | [
{
"title": "Magnus",
"text": "Magnus Magnus, meaning \"great\" in Latin, was sometimes used as a first name among Romans but was not particularly common among them. The name was used as cognomen of Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus in the first century BC. The best-known use of the name during the Roman Empire is for ... | {
"title": "Roman Empire",
"long_answer": "The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum, Classical Latin: [ɪmˈpɛ.ri.ũː roːˈmaː.nũː]; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC – c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus, effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum, Classical Latin: [ɪmˈpɛ.ri.ũː roːˈmaː.nũː]; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC – c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).",
"short_answers": [
"emperors"
]
} |
what is the first book of percy jackson | [
"The Lightning Thief"
] | [
{
"title": "Percy Jackson & the Olympians",
"text": "Percy Jackson & the Olympians Percy Jackson & the Olympians, often shortened to Percy Jackson, is a pentalogy of fantasy adventure novels written by American author Rick Riordan, and the first book series in the Camp Half-Blood Chronicles. Five supplement... | {
"title": "Percy Jackson & the Olympians",
"long_answer": "The Lightning Thief is the first book in the series and was released on July 1, 2005.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Lightning Thief is the first book in the series and was released on July 1, 2005.",
"short_answers": [
"The Lightning Thief"
]
} |
who sings the song only in my dreams | [
"Debbie Gibson"
] | [
{
"title": "Only in Dreams (song)",
"text": "Only in Dreams (song) \"Only in Dreams\" is a song by the band Weezer. It is the 10th and final track on their 1994 self-titled debut album. At slightly over eight minutes, it is to date Weezer's longest song. It is most noteworthy for its three-minute crescendo ... | {
"title": "Only in My Dreams",
"long_answer": "\"Only in My Dreams\" is the debut single for American singer-songwriter-actress Debbie Gibson. Released December 16, 1986, as a maxi single (Atlantic DM 86744), and then in remixed form (Vocal/3:50, as described herein) February 1987, the song was written by Gibson herself in 1984, two years before she recorded it. Produced by Fred Zarr and engineered by Don Feinberg for BiZarr Music, Inc., mixed by \"Little\" Louie Vega and mastered by Herb \"Pump\" Powers, the dance-pop song reached number four on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in the summer of 1987. Douglas Breitbart for Broadbeard Productions, Inc. served as executive producer (see also Debbie Gibson).",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Only in My Dreams\" is the debut single for American singer-songwriter-actress Debbie Gibson. Released December 16, 1986, as a maxi single (Atlantic DM 86744), and then in remixed form (Vocal/3:50, as described herein) February 1987, the song was written by Gibson herself in 1984, two years before she recorded it. Produced by Fred Zarr and engineered by Don Feinberg for BiZarr Music, Inc., mixed by \"Little\" Louie Vega and mastered by Herb \"Pump\" Powers, the dance-pop song reached number four on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in the summer of 1987. Douglas Breitbart for Broadbeard Productions, Inc. served as executive producer (see also Debbie Gibson).",
"short_answers": [
"Debbie Gibson"
]
} |
where is the capital city of alabama located | [
"Montgomery"
] | [
{
"title": "Alabama",
"text": "Alabama Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous o... | {
"title": "Alabama",
"long_answer": "Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the Cotton State. The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the Cotton State. The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.",
"short_answers": [
"Montgomery"
]
} |
when was coffee first made into a drink | [
"15th century",
"the 15th century"
] | [
{
"title": "Coffee milk",
"text": "large influx of immigrants, of which Italians were the largest group, led to an introduction of their traditions and customs to Rhode Island. One of their culinary traditions was drinking sweetened coffee with milk. Eventually, it is believed that this led to the creation ... | {
"title": "History of coffee",
"long_answer": "The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use. The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia. The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen. By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa. Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use. The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia. The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen. By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa. Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe,",
"short_answers": [
"15th century",
"the 15th century"
]
} |
when did tim hortons open in the usa | [
"1981"
] | [
{
"title": "Tim Hortons",
"text": "City, Taguig. Miss Universe Canada 2016, Siera Bearchell, was present for the ribbon-cutting ceremony. there were 11 branches operating in the Philippines plus 24 more branches opening soon, (23 in Metro Manila and 1 in Pampanga Province). In 2016, Tim Hortons announced th... | {
"title": "Tim Hortons",
"long_answer": "Initially, the US stores were the result of natural expansion in Canada–US border areas (e.g., stores in Maine and the Buffalo, New York area where Horton played from 1972 to 1974 as a member of the Buffalo Sabres). The first United States locations were opened in Deerfield Beach, Florida and Pompano Beach, Florida in 1981, but they proved unsuccessful and were closed. In 1985, the chain returned to the US with a location on Niagara Falls Boulevard in the Buffalo suburb of Amherst, New York. Starting in the mid-1990s, however, the chain began expanding in the US by acquiring former locations from fast food chains. In 1996 and 1997, thirty-seven former Rax Restaurants locations in Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia were bought by Wendy's International Inc.; 30 of these were converted to Tim Hortons, while the others became Wendy's franchise locations. Thirty-five closed Hardee's stores in the Detroit area were also purchased with the intention of being converted. By 2004, the chain had also acquired 42 Bess Eaton coffee and doughnut restaurants situated in southern New England. Several combination Wendy's/Tim Hortons units were opened in the US; both in the \"traditional\" markets of Maine and Buffalo, where there were well over 180 locations as of 2011, and in the markets entered through acquisition.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Canada–US border areas (e.g., stores in Maine and the Buffalo, New York area where Horton played from 1972 to 1974 as a member of the Buffalo Sabres). The first United States locations were opened in Deerfield Beach, Florida and Pompano Beach, Florida in 1981, but they proved unsuccessful and were closed. In 1985, the chain returned to the US with a location on Niagara Falls Boulevard in the Buffalo suburb of Amherst, New York. Starting in the mid-1990s, however, the chain began expanding in the US by acquiring former locations from fast food chains. In 1996 and 1997, thirty-seven former",
"short_answers": [
"1981"
]
} |
who used to present i'm a celebrity now | [
"Ant & Dec"
] | [
{
"title": "Vicky Pattison",
"text": "Eamonn Holmes. Also starting from September 2016, she has appeared in a new segment on \"This Morning\" regularly along with Ferne McCann where they go on a road trip together. In September 2016 it was announced that she would co-present \"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out o... | {
"title": "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)",
"long_answer": "I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here! (often shortened to I'm a Celebrity or I'm a Celeb) is a British survival reality television game show, first aired on 25 August 2002, in which celebrities live in jungle conditions with few creature comforts. The show has been hosted by Ant & Dec since its inception and served as the inspiration for a franchise of the same name. It is filmed in Murwillumbah, New South Wales, Australia and broadcast on ITV in the United Kingdom.",
"chunked_long_answer": "I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here! (often shortened to I'm a Celebrity or I'm a Celeb) is a British survival reality television game show, first aired on 25 August 2002, in which celebrities live in jungle conditions with few creature comforts. The show has been hosted by Ant & Dec since its inception and served as the inspiration for a franchise of the same name. It is filmed in Murwillumbah, New South Wales, Australia and broadcast on ITV in the United Kingdom.",
"short_answers": [
"Ant & Dec"
]
} |
who led the conquest of the incas in south america | [
"Francisco Pizarro",
"conquistador Francisco Pizarro"
] | [
{
"title": "Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire",
"text": "from a cave in a region called Pacariqtambo. Huayna Capac was the son of the previous ruler, Túpac Inca, and the grandson of Pachacuti, the Emperor who, by conquest, had commenced the dramatic expansion of the Inca Empire from its cultural and tradi... | {
"title": "Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire",
"long_answer": "The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 180 Spanish soldiers under conquistador Francisco Pizarro, his brothers, and their native allies captured the Sapa Inca Atahualpa in the 1532 Battle of Cajamarca. It was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish victory in 1572 and colonization of the region as the Viceroyalty of Peru. The conquest of the Inca Empire (called \"Tahuantinsuyu\" or \"Tawantinsuyu\" in Quechua, meaning \"Realm of the Four Parts\"), led to spin-off campaigns into present-day Chile and Colombia, as well as expeditions towards the Amazon Basin.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 180 Spanish soldiers under conquistador Francisco Pizarro, his brothers, and their native allies captured the Sapa Inca Atahualpa in the 1532 Battle of Cajamarca. It was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish victory in 1572 and colonization of the region as the Viceroyalty of Peru. The conquest of the Inca Empire (called \"Tahuantinsuyu\" or \"Tawantinsuyu\" in Quechua, meaning \"Realm of the",
"short_answers": [
"Francisco Pizarro",
"conquistador Francisco Pizarro"
]
} |
who sings the pokemon theme song season 1 | [
"Jason Paige"
] | [
{
"title": "Noel Pix",
"text": "Noel Pix Jochen \"Noel Pix\" Seibert (March 25, 1972 in Munich, West Germany) is a German rock and house musician. He is the lead guitarist and programmer of the German Neue Deutsche Härte band Eisbrecher. Pix formerly belonged also to the band Megaherz as the band's keyboard... | {
"title": "Jason Paige",
"long_answer": "Jason Paige (born January 6, 1969) is an American singer, writer, record producer, stage, film, and television actor. Paige is best known for singing the first theme song for the English version of the Pokémon television series.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Jason Paige (born January 6, 1969) is an American singer, writer, record producer, stage, film, and television actor. Paige is best known for singing the first theme song for the English version of the Pokémon television series.",
"short_answers": [
"Jason Paige"
]
} |
where was the rise of the planet of the apes filmed | [
"Oahu, Hawaii",
"Vancouver, British Columbia",
"San Francisco, California"
] | [
{
"title": "Planet of the Apes (1968 film)",
"text": "beach scenes were filmed on a stretch of California seacoast between Malibu and Oxnard with cliffs that towered 130 feet above the shore. Reaching the beach on foot was virtually impossible, so cast, crew, film equipment, and even horses had to be lowere... | {
"title": "Rise of the Planet of the Apes",
"long_answer": "Filming began in July 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Filming also happened in San Francisco, California (the primary setting of the film), and around Oahu, Hawaii, which doubled for the African jungle as the schedule and budget did not allow for location shooting in Africa.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Filming began in July 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Filming also happened in San Francisco, California (the primary setting of the film), and around Oahu, Hawaii, which doubled for the African jungle as the schedule and budget did not allow for location shooting in Africa.",
"short_answers": [
"Oahu, Hawaii",
"San Francisco, California",
"Vancouver, British Columbia"
]
} |
where does wild caught sockeye salmon come from | [
"the Northern Pacific Ocean"
] | [
{
"title": "Sockeye salmon",
"text": "ground outside of Alaska. Illegal fishing in Kamchatka is subject to environmental concern. Sockeye is almost never farmed. A facility in Langley, BC harvested its first salmon in March 2013, and continues to harvest farmed salmon from its inland facility. United States... | {
"title": "Sockeye salmon",
"long_answer": "Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, or blueback salmon, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning. They can grow up to 84 cm (2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh 2.3 to 7 kg (5.1–15.4 lb). Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to 1,600 km (990 mi). Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they spawn. Some populations, referred to as kokanee, do not migrate to the ocean and live their entire lives in freshwater.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, or blueback salmon, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning. They can grow up to 84 cm (2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh 2.3 to 7 kg (5.1–15.4 lb). Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to 1,600 km (990 mi). Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they",
"short_answers": [
"the Northern Pacific Ocean"
]
} |
who added a press room to the white house | [
"Richard Nixon",
"President Richard Nixon"
] | [
{
"title": "James S. Brady Press Briefing Room",
"text": "press staff. James S. Brady Press Briefing Room The James S. Brady Press Briefing Room is a small theater in the West Wing of the White House where the White House Press Secretary gives briefings to the news media and the President of the United Stat... | {
"title": "James S. Brady Press Briefing Room",
"long_answer": "In 1969, to accommodate the growing number of reporters assigned to the White House, President Richard Nixon had the indoor swimming pool, which had been installed by the March of Dimes for Franklin D. Roosevelt, covered and turned into press offices and a lounge that could double as a briefing room.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In 1969, to accommodate the growing number of reporters assigned to the White House, President Richard Nixon had the indoor swimming pool, which had been installed by the March of Dimes for Franklin D. Roosevelt, covered and turned into press offices and a lounge that could double as a briefing room.",
"short_answers": [
"President Richard Nixon",
"Richard Nixon"
]
} |
what was the religion in persia before islam | [
"the Zoroastrian religion",
"Zoroastrian"
] | [
{
"title": "Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia",
"text": "Tamim had converted to the religion. There is also evidence of existence of Manichaeism in Arabia as several early sources indicate a presence of \"zandaqas\" in Mecca, although the term could also be interpreted as referring to Mazdakism. There is evide... | {
"title": "Muslim conquest of Persia",
"long_answer": "The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the Arab conquest of Iran,, led to the end of the Sasanian Empire in 651 and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the Arab conquest of Iran,, led to the end of the Sasanian Empire in 651 and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia.",
"short_answers": [
"Zoroastrian",
"the Zoroastrian religion"
]
} |
why does kerosene oil rise up in the wick of lantern | [
"capillary action"
] | [
{
"title": "Kerosene lamp",
"text": "and is slightly less expensive than K-1 kerosene, as no motor-fuel taxes are collected on it. Red kerosene is not recommended because the dye will gradually clog the lantern wick, causing odor and reduced performance. Citronella-scented lamp oil containing lemongrass oil... | {
"title": "Kerosene lamp",
"long_answer": "A flat-wick lamp is a simple type of kerosene lamp, which burns kerosene drawn up through a wick by capillary action. If this type of lamp is broken, it can easily start a fire. A flat-wick lamp has a fuel tank (fount), with the lamp burner attached. Attached to the fuel tank, four prongs hold the glass chimney, which acts to prevent the flame from being blown out and enhances a thermally induced draft. The glass chimney needs a \"throat\", or slight constriction, to create the proper draft for complete combustion of the fuel; the draft carries more air (oxygen) past the flame, helping to produce a smokeless light, which is brighter than an open flame would produce.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A flat-wick lamp is a simple type of kerosene lamp, which burns kerosene drawn up through a wick by capillary action. If this type of lamp is broken, it can easily start a fire. A flat-wick lamp has a fuel tank (fount), with the lamp burner attached. Attached to the fuel tank, four prongs hold the glass chimney, which acts to prevent the flame from being blown out and enhances a thermally induced draft. The glass chimney needs a \"throat\", or slight constriction, to create the proper draft for complete combustion of the fuel; the draft carries more air (oxygen)",
"short_answers": [
"capillary action"
]
} |
where does the sweetness of fruit come from | [
"Fructose, or fruit sugar",
"Fructose"
] | [
{
"title": "Monstera deliciosa",
"text": "of ripening by its bottommost scales becoming yellowed. As it ripens, the starch that was stored in the green fruit is converted to sugar, giving it its sweet flavor. This mechanism is comparable to how banana fruits ripen. The strong odor the fruit produces becomes... | {
"title": "Fructose",
"long_answer": "Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into blood during digestion. Fructose was discovered by French chemist Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut in 1847. The name \"fructose\" was coined in 1857 by the English chemist William Allen Miller. Pure, dry fructose is a sweet, white, odorless, crystalline solid, and is the most water-soluble of all the sugars.\nFructose is found in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, and most root vegetables.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into blood during digestion. Fructose was discovered by French chemist Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut in 1847. The name \"fructose\" was coined in 1857 by the English chemist William Allen Miller. Pure, dry fructose is a sweet, white, odorless, crystalline solid, and is the most water-soluble of all the sugars.\nFructose is found in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, and most root vegetables.\n",
"short_answers": [
"Fructose",
"Fructose, or fruit sugar"
]
} |
an object that moves around an external axis is said to be | [
"revolution or orbital revolution",
"orbit"
] | [
{
"title": "Rotation around a fixed axis",
"text": "a fixed axis is typically taught in introductory physics courses after students have mastered linear motion; the full generality of rotational motion is not usually taught in introductory physics classes. A \"rigid body\" is an object of finite extent in w... | {
"title": "Rotation",
"long_answer": "A rotation is a circular movement of an object around a center (or point) of rotation. A three-dimensional object can always be rotated around an infinite number of imaginary lines called rotation axes (/ˈæksiːz/ AK-seez). If the axis passes through the body's center of mass, the body is said to rotate upon itself, or spin. A rotation about an external point, e.g. the Earth about the Sun, is called a revolution or orbital revolution, typically when it is produced by gravity. The axis is called a pole.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A rotation is a circular movement of an object around a center (or point) of rotation. A three-dimensional object can always be rotated around an infinite number of imaginary lines called rotation axes (/ˈæksiːz/ AK-seez). If the axis passes through the body's center of mass, the body is said to rotate upon itself, or spin. A rotation about an external point, e.g. the Earth about the Sun, is called a revolution or orbital revolution, typically when it is produced by gravity. The axis is called a pole.",
"short_answers": [
"revolution or orbital revolution"
]
} |
what was the name of the plant on little shop of horrors | [
"Audrey II"
] | [
{
"title": "The Little Shop of Horrors",
"text": "The Little Shop of Horrors The Little Shop of Horrors is a 1960 American comedy film directed by Roger Corman. Written by Charles B. Griffith, the film is a farce about an inadequate florist's assistant who cultivates a plant that feeds on human flesh and bl... | {
"title": "Little Shop of Horrors (film)",
"long_answer": "A three-girl \"Greek chorus\"—Crystal, Ronnette, and Chiffon—introduce the movie, warning the audience that some horror is coming their way (\"Prologue: Little Shop of Horrors\"). Seymour Krelborn (Rick Moranis) and his colleague, Audrey (Ellen Greene), work at Mushnik's Flower Shop in a run-down, rough neighborhood referred to as \"Skid Row\" in the slums of New York City. They lament that they cannot escape the neighborhood (\"Skid Row\" (Downtown)\"). Struggling from a lack of customers, Mr. Mushnik (Vincent Gardenia) decides to close the store, but Audrey suggests he may have more success by displaying an unusual plant that Seymour owns. Immediately attracting a customer, Seymour explains he bought the plant, which he dubbed \"Audrey II\", from a Chinese flower shop during a solar eclipse (\"Da-Doo\"). Attracting business to Mushnik's shop, the plant soon starts dying, worrying Seymour. Accidentally pricking his finger, he then discovers Audrey II needs human blood to thrive (\"Grow for Me\").",
"chunked_long_answer": "of New York City. They lament that they cannot escape the neighborhood (\"Skid Row\" (Downtown)\"). Struggling from a lack of customers, Mr. Mushnik (Vincent Gardenia) decides to close the store, but Audrey suggests he may have more success by displaying an unusual plant that Seymour owns. Immediately attracting a customer, Seymour explains he bought the plant, which he dubbed \"Audrey II\", from a Chinese flower shop during a solar eclipse (\"Da-Doo\"). Attracting business to Mushnik's shop, the plant soon starts dying, worrying Seymour. Accidentally pricking his finger, he then discovers Audrey II needs human blood to thrive (\"Grow for Me\").",
"short_answers": [
"Audrey II"
]
} |
when does wonder woman come out on blue ray | [
"September 19, 2017"
] | [
{
"title": "Purple Ray",
"text": "prolonged exposure to the ray. The Amazons are shown to reside on the planet Venus in the 853rd century. There they use the Purple Ray to revive their warriors from temporary death brought about by brutal gladiatoral battles the Amazons engage in among one another. Purple R... | {
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"long_answer": "Wonder Woman was released on Digital HD on August 29, 2017 and on Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D, 4K Ultra-HD Blu-ray and DVD on September 19, 2017. The film debuted at the top spot of both the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart and the Blu-ray Disc sales chart.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Wonder Woman was released on Digital HD on August 29, 2017 and on Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D, 4K Ultra-HD Blu-ray and DVD on September 19, 2017. The film debuted at the top spot of both the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart and the Blu-ray Disc sales chart.",
"short_answers": [
"September 19, 2017"
]
} |
who heads the executive department of west virginia government | [
"the Governor of West Virginia",
"the governor of West Virginia",
"Jim Justice"
] | [
{
"title": "Gayle Conelly Manchin",
"text": "office. The Secretary for Education and the Arts oversees a collection of six state agencies, including West Virginia Public Broadcasting, the West Virginia Library Commission, the Division of Culture and History, Volunteer West Virginia, the state Center for Pro... | {
"title": "Government of West Virginia",
"long_answer": "The chief executive of West Virginia is the governor of West Virginia, who is elected to a four-year term at the same time as presidential elections. The governor is sworn in the January following the November election. A governor may only serve two consecutive terms. A governor may run for a third term, but an interceding election must occur. Democrat Jim Justice was elected governor in 2016, defeating Bill Cole in the general election.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The chief executive of West Virginia is the governor of West Virginia, who is elected to a four-year term at the same time as presidential elections. The governor is sworn in the January following the November election. A governor may only serve two consecutive terms. A governor may run for a third term, but an interceding election must occur. Democrat Jim Justice was elected governor in 2016, defeating Bill Cole in the general election.",
"short_answers": [
"Jim Justice",
"the governor of West Virginia"
]
} |
how long is the bridge between new brunswick and prince edward island | [
"12.9-kilometre"
] | [
{
"title": "Prince Edward Island Route 1",
"text": "the Confederation Bridge, which crosses the Northumberland Strait to New Brunswick, where the highway becomes New Brunswick Route 16. Travelling eastward, a spur route, Route 1A, branches north towards Summerside. The highway continues meandering east thro... | {
"title": "Confederation Bridge",
"long_answer": "The Confederation Bridge (French: Pont de la Confédération) spans the Abegweit Passage of Northumberland Strait. It links Prince Edward Island with mainland New Brunswick, Canada. Before its official naming, Prince Edward Islanders often referred to the bridge as the \"Fixed Link\". Construction took place from October 1993 to May 1997 and cost C$1.3 billion. The 12.9-kilometre (8 mi) bridge opened on May 31, 1997.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Confederation Bridge (French: Pont de la Confédération) spans the Abegweit Passage of Northumberland Strait. It links Prince Edward Island with mainland New Brunswick, Canada. Before its official naming, Prince Edward Islanders often referred to the bridge as the \"Fixed Link\". Construction took place from October 1993 to May 1997 and cost C$1.3 billion. The 12.9-kilometre (8 mi) bridge opened on May 31, 1997.",
"short_answers": [
"12.9-kilometre"
]
} |
when did the uk and us become allies | [
"Since 1940",
"1940"
] | [
{
"title": "United Kingdom",
"text": "States ally. After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the UK was one of the Big Four powers (along with the U.S., the Soviet Union, and China) who met to plan the post-war world; it was an original signatory to the Declaration of the United Nations. The UK became ... | {
"title": "United Kingdom–United States relations",
"long_answer": "British–American relations, also referred to as Anglo-American relations, encompass many complex relations ranging from two early wars to competition for world markets. Since 1940 they have been close military allies enjoying the Special Relationship built as wartime allies, and NATO partners.",
"chunked_long_answer": "British–American relations, also referred to as Anglo-American relations, encompass many complex relations ranging from two early wars to competition for world markets. Since 1940 they have been close military allies enjoying the Special Relationship built as wartime allies, and NATO partners.",
"short_answers": [
"1940",
"Since 1940"
]
} |
who sang the theme song for the man with the golden gun | [
"Lulu"
] | [
{
"title": "The Man with the Golden Gun (film)",
"text": "three weeks to score \"The Man with the Golden Gun\" and the theme tune and score are generally considered by critics to be among the weakest of Barry's contributions to the series, an opinion shared by Barry himself: \"It's the one I hate most ... i... | {
"title": "The Man with the Golden Gun (soundtrack)",
"long_answer": "The theme tune was performed by Lulu, composed by John Barry, and the lyrics to the song were written by Don Black. Alice Cooper claims his song \"The Man With The Golden Gun\" was to be used by the film's producers until it was dropped for Lulu's song instead. Cooper's song appears on his album Muscle of Love.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The theme tune was performed by Lulu, composed by John Barry, and the lyrics to the song were written by Don Black. Alice Cooper claims his song \"The Man With The Golden Gun\" was to be used by the film's producers until it was dropped for Lulu's song instead. Cooper's song appears on his album Muscle of Love.",
"short_answers": [
"Lulu"
]
} |
the probability of making a type i error when retaining ho at the .05 level of significance is | [
"5%"
] | [
{
"title": "Verification and validation of computer simulation models",
"text": "reject H, the model needs adjustment. There are two types of error that can occur using hypothesis testing, rejecting a valid model called type I error or \"model builders risk\" and accepting an invalid model called Type II er... | {
"title": "Type I and type II errors",
"long_answer": "The type I error rate or significance level is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis given that it is true. It is denoted by the Greek letter α (alpha) and is also called the alpha level. Often, the significance level is set to 0.05 (5%), implying that it is acceptable to have a 5% probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The type I error rate or significance level is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis given that it is true. It is denoted by the Greek letter α (alpha) and is also called the alpha level. Often, the significance level is set to 0.05 (5%), implying that it is acceptable to have a 5% probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis.",
"short_answers": [
"5%"
]
} |
what year did the us hockey team won the olympics | [
"1960",
"1960 and 1980",
"1980"
] | [
{
"title": "United States men's national ice hockey team",
"text": "in talent in the 1980s and 1990s, with future NHL stars including Tony Amonte, Chris Chelios, Derian Hatcher, Brett Hull, Pat LaFontaine, John LeClair, Brian Leetch, Mike Modano, Mike Richter, Jeremy Roenick, Kevin Stevens, Keith Tkachuk, a... | {
"title": "United States men's national ice hockey team",
"long_answer": "The United States won gold medals at the 1960 and 1980 Winter Olympics and more recently, silver medals at the 2002 and 2010 Winter Olympics. The United States won the 1996 World Cup of Hockey. The team's most recent medal at the World Championships came with a bronze in 2015. They won the tournament in 1933 and 1960. Unlike other nations, the United States doesn't typically use its best NHL players in the World Championships even when they're available. Instead, USA Hockey uses this tournament as a platform for young NHLers and college players.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The United States won gold medals at the 1960 and 1980 Winter Olympics and more recently, silver medals at the 2002 and 2010 Winter Olympics. The United States won the 1996 World Cup of Hockey. The team's most recent medal at the World Championships came with a bronze in 2015. They won the tournament in 1933 and 1960. Unlike other nations, the United States doesn't typically use its best NHL players in the World Championships even when they're available. Instead, USA Hockey uses this tournament as a platform for young NHLers and college players.",
"short_answers": [
"1960",
"1960 and 1980",
"1980"
]
} |
who wrote it's a long long way to pasadena | [
"John Young",
"Harry Vanda",
"David Hemmings",
"George Young"
] | [
{
"title": "It's a Long Way to Berlin, But We'll Get There!",
"text": "features a photo of Henry Bergman. The American Quartet recorded the song with conductor Rosario Bourdon. The bass vocals were John H. Meyer and William F. Hooley. The tenor vocals were Billy Murray and Albert Campbell. It was recorded o... | {
"title": "Pasadena (song)",
"long_answer": "\"Pasadena\" is the debut single by Australian pop singer John Young, released in January 1972 and peaking at number 16 on the Australian Go-Set Chart.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Pasadena\" is the debut single by Australian pop singer John Young, released in January 1972 and peaking at number 16 on the Australian Go-Set Chart.",
"short_answers": [
"John Young"
]
} |
who wrote the song i hate you i love you | [
"Garrett Nash",
"Olivia O'Brien",
"Angel Benitez"
] | [
{
"title": "Hate That I Love You",
"text": "Hate That I Love You \"Hate That I Love You\" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her third studio album, \"Good Girl Gone Bad\" (2007). It features vocals by American singer and songwriter Ne-Yo, who co-wrote the song with its producers StarGate. D... | {
"title": "I Hate U, I Love U",
"long_answer": "Gnash enlisted San Francisco singer-songwriter Olivia O'Brien with the help of Angel Benitez, who originally wrote the song, to provide the vocals for the track. O'Brien had already worked with Gnash, having covered his song \"Disposable\". Gnash originally released the song on July 26, 2015, on his SoundCloud page. It was released commercially on iTunes on February 17, 2016, becoming the lead single of Gnash's extended play, Us (2016).",
"chunked_long_answer": "Gnash enlisted San Francisco singer-songwriter Olivia O'Brien with the help of Angel Benitez, who originally wrote the song, to provide the vocals for the track. O'Brien had already worked with Gnash, having covered his song \"Disposable\". Gnash originally released the song on July 26, 2015, on his SoundCloud page. It was released commercially on iTunes on February 17, 2016, becoming the lead single of Gnash's extended play, Us (2016).",
"short_answers": [
"Angel Benitez"
]
} |
what is loihi and where does it originate from | [
"from the Hawaii hotspot"
] | [
{
"title": "Paihia",
"text": "Paihia Paihia is the main tourist town in the Bay of Islands in the far north of the North Island of New Zealand. It is 60 kilometres north of Whangarei, located close to the historic towns of Russell and Kerikeri. Missionary Henry Williams named the mission station \"Marsden's... | {
"title": "Lōʻihi Seamount",
"long_answer": "Lōihi Seamount (also known as Lōʻihi) is an active submarine volcano about 35 km (22 mi) off the southeast coast of the island of Hawaii. The top of the seamount is about 975 m (3,000 ft) below sea level. This seamount is on the flank of Mauna Loa, the largest shield volcano on Earth. Lōihi, meaning \"long\" in Hawaiian, is the newest volcano in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain, a string of volcanoes that stretches over 5,800 km (3,600 mi) northwest of Lōʻihi. Unlike most active volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean that make up the active plate margins on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Lōʻihi and the other volcanoes of the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain are hotspot volcanoes and formed well away from the nearest plate boundary. Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands arise from the Hawaii hotspot, and as the youngest volcano in the chain, Lōihi is the only Hawaiian volcano in the deep submarine preshield stage of development.",
"chunked_long_answer": "in Hawaiian, is the newest volcano in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain, a string of volcanoes that stretches over 5,800 km (3,600 mi) northwest of Lōʻihi. Unlike most active volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean that make up the active plate margins on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Lōʻihi and the other volcanoes of the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain are hotspot volcanoes and formed well away from the nearest plate boundary. Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands arise from the Hawaii hotspot, and as the youngest volcano in the chain, Lōihi is the only Hawaiian volcano in the deep submarine preshield stage of development.",
"short_answers": [
"from the Hawaii hotspot"
]
} |
who was executed for being an american spy during the revolutionary war | [
"Nathan Hale"
] | [
{
"title": "Joseph Bettys",
"text": "to the British commander in New York. Bettys offered 100 guineas to be allowed to burn the message, and also offered money for his release, but his offers were refused. He was sent to Albany, where he was tried, found guilty as a spy and traitor, and executed that year. ... | {
"title": "Nathan Hale",
"long_answer": "Nathan Hale (June 6, 1755 – September 22, 1776) was an American soldier and spy for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He volunteered for an intelligence-gathering mission in New York City but was captured by the British and executed. Hale has long been considered an American hero and, in 1985, he was officially designated the state hero of Connecticut.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Nathan Hale (June 6, 1755 – September 22, 1776) was an American soldier and spy for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He volunteered for an intelligence-gathering mission in New York City but was captured by the British and executed. Hale has long been considered an American hero and, in 1985, he was officially designated the state hero of Connecticut.",
"short_answers": [
"Nathan Hale"
]
} |
who sang the song suddenly with olivia newton john | [
"Cliff Richard"
] | [
{
"title": "Olivia Newton-John",
"text": "2 Country (her best country position to date) and No. 2 AC. The next single, \"I Honestly Love You\", became Newton-John's signature song. Written and composed by Jeff Barry and Peter Allen, the ballad became her first number-one Pop (two weeks), second number-one A... | {
"title": "Suddenly (Olivia Newton-John and Cliff Richard song)",
"long_answer": "\"Suddenly\" is a song from the soundtrack album Xanadu, and is the love theme from the 1980 film of the same name. The song is performed as a duet between Olivia Newton-John and Cliff Richard. It was written by John Farrar who also produced the record. It was released on Jet Records and reached No. 15 in the UK charts in October 1980 and reached No. 20 in the US. The video shows them in a penthouse singing the song to each other.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Suddenly\" is a song from the soundtrack album Xanadu, and is the love theme from the 1980 film of the same name. The song is performed as a duet between Olivia Newton-John and Cliff Richard. It was written by John Farrar who also produced the record. It was released on Jet Records and reached No. 15 in the UK charts in October 1980 and reached No. 20 in the US. The video shows them in a penthouse singing the song to each other.",
"short_answers": [
"Cliff Richard"
]
} |
who is command sergeant major of the army | [
"Daniel A. Dailey"
] | [
{
"title": "Kenneth Preston",
"text": "Kenneth Preston Kenneth O. Preston (born February 18, 1957) is a United States Army soldier who served as the Sergeant Major of the Army. He was sworn in as the 13th Sergeant Major of the Army on January 15, 2004. SMA Preston held a variety of leadership positions thro... | {
"title": "Sergeant Major of the Army",
"long_answer": "Kenneth O. Preston held the rank from 15 January 2004 through 28 February 2011, the only incumbent to serve longer than four years. SMA Raymond F. Chandler III was succeeded by Command Sergeant Major Daniel A. Dailey, on 30 January 2015.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Kenneth O. Preston held the rank from 15 January 2004 through 28 February 2011, the only incumbent to serve longer than four years. SMA Raymond F. Chandler III was succeeded by Command Sergeant Major Daniel A. Dailey, on 30 January 2015.",
"short_answers": [
"Daniel A. Dailey"
]
} |
who sings the original windmills of your mind | [
"Noel Harrison"
] | [
{
"title": "The Windmills of Your Mind (album)",
"text": "The Windmills of Your Mind (album) The Windmills of Your Mind is an album by Paul Motian released on the German Winter & Winter label in 2011. The album was Motian's final release prior to his death in late 2011. The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek awa... | {
"title": "The Windmills of Your Mind",
"long_answer": "In the original 1968 film The Thomas Crown Affair, the song is heard – sung by Noel Harrison – during opening credits; and, during the film, in a scene in which the character Thomas Crown flies a glider at the glider airport in Salem, New Hampshire: having edited the rough cut for this scene utilizing the Beatles track \"Strawberry Fields Forever\" producer/director Norman Jewison commissioned an original song be written for the glider scene which would reference the ambivalent feelings of Thomas Crown as he engages in a favorite pastime while experiencing the tension of preparing to commit a major robbery. Alan Bergman: \"Michel [Legrand] played us [ie. Alan and Marilyn Bergman] seven or eight melodies. We listened to all of them and decided to wait until the next day to choose one. We three decided on the same one, a long baroque melody... The lyric we wrote was stream-of-consciousness. We felt that the song had to be a mind trip of some kind\" – \"The [eventual] title was [originally] a line at the end of a section... When we finished we said: \"What do we call this? It's got to have a title. That line is kind of interesting.' So we restructured the song so that the line appeared again at the end. It came out of the body of the song. I think we were thinking, you know when you try to fall asleep at night and you can't turn your brain off and thoughts and memories tumble.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the original 1968 film The Thomas Crown Affair, the song is heard – sung by Noel Harrison – during opening credits; and, during the film, in a scene in which the character Thomas Crown flies a glider at the glider airport in Salem, New Hampshire: having edited the rough cut for this scene utilizing the Beatles track \"Strawberry Fields Forever\" producer/director Norman Jewison commissioned an original song be written for the glider scene which would reference the ambivalent feelings of Thomas Crown as he engages in a favorite pastime while experiencing the tension of preparing to commit a major robbery. ",
"short_answers": [
"Noel Harrison"
]
} |
where will the next summer and winter olympics be held | [
"Beijing",
"Tokyo"
] | [
{
"title": "Winter Olympic Games",
"text": "to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, and the host of the 2026 Winter Olympics will be selected on June 23rd, 2019. , no city in the southern hemisphere has applied to host the cold-weather-dependent Winter Olympics, which are held in February at the height of the sou... | {
"title": "List of Olympic Games host cities",
"long_answer": "This is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games, both summer and winter, since the modern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer games have usually – but not always – celebrated a four-year period known as an Olympiad. There have been 28 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Tokyo/Helsinki (summer) and Sapporo/Garmisch-Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. Four cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics.",
"chunked_long_answer": "editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Tokyo/Helsinki (summer) and Sapporo/Garmisch-Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. Four cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics.",
"short_answers": [
"Beijing",
"Tokyo"
]
} |
who sang the song how far is heaven | [
"Los Lonely Boys"
] | [
{
"title": "Pat Wictor",
"text": "for artists such as Richie Havens, Chris Smither, and John Hammond. Wictor's third album, \"Heaven Is So High...And I'm So Far Down,\" was released in July 2006 on RiskyDisc. The CD featured original songs mixed with distinctively arranged covers of artists such as Mississi... | {
"title": "Heaven (Los Lonely Boys song)",
"long_answer": "\"Heaven\" is the debut single of American rock band Los Lonely Boys. The song was written by brothers Henry, Jojo and Ringo Garza, who comprise the foundation of the band, and it appears on their multi-platinum self-titled album.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Heaven\" is the debut single of American rock band Los Lonely Boys. The song was written by brothers Henry, Jojo and Ringo Garza, who comprise the foundation of the band, and it appears on their multi-platinum self-titled album.",
"short_answers": [
"Los Lonely Boys"
]
} |
where are the organ mountains in new mexico | [
"southern New Mexico"
] | [
{
"title": "Organ Mountains",
"text": "Mountains are separated from the Organ Mountains by a 10-mile wide low area known as Anthony Gap. Much of this intervening land is part of Fort Bliss. The Organ Mountains are made up of three major sections: The Organ Mountains is a botanically diverse mountain range i... | {
"title": "Organ Mountains (New Mexico)",
"long_answer": "The Organ Mountains are a rugged mountain range in southern New Mexico in the Southwestern United States. Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks National Monument was declared a national monument on May 21, 2014. They lie 10 miles (16 km) east of the city of Las Cruces, in Doña Ana County.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Organ Mountains are a rugged mountain range in southern New Mexico in the Southwestern United States. Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks National Monument was declared a national monument on May 21, 2014. They lie 10 miles (16 km) east of the city of Las Cruces, in Doña Ana County.",
"short_answers": [
"southern New Mexico"
]
} |
where are the 10 plagues found in the bible | [
"Exodus",
"Book of Exodus"
] | [
{
"title": "Bo (parsha)",
"text": "Yaa. Figs were in it and grapes. It had more wine than water. Abundant was its honey, plentiful its oil. All kind of fruit were on its trees. Barley was there and emmer, and no end of cattle of all kinds.\" The parashah has parallels or is discussed in these Biblical sourc... | {
"title": "Plagues of Egypt",
"long_answer": "The Plagues of Egypt (Hebrew: מכות מצרים, Makot Mitzrayim), also called the ten biblical plagues, were ten calamities that, according to the biblical Book of Exodus, God inflicted upon Egypt to persuade the Pharaoh to release the ill-treated Israelites from slavery. The Pharaoh capitulated after the tenth plague, until which God had prevented him from being swayed, triggering the Exodus of the Hebrew people.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Plagues of Egypt (Hebrew: מכות מצרים, Makot Mitzrayim), also called the ten biblical plagues, were ten calamities that, according to the biblical Book of Exodus, God inflicted upon Egypt to persuade the Pharaoh to release the ill-treated Israelites from slavery. The Pharaoh capitulated after the tenth plague, until which God had prevented him from being swayed, triggering the Exodus of the Hebrew people.",
"short_answers": [
"Book of Exodus",
"Exodus"
]
} |
where are red blood cells made in adults | [
"in the bone marrow"
] | [
{
"title": "Blood",
"text": "bone marrow in a process called hematopoiesis, which includes erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells; and myelopoiesis, the production of white blood cells and platelets. During childhood, almost every human bone produces red blood cells; as adults, red blood cell pro... | {
"title": "Red blood cell",
"long_answer": "In humans, mature red blood cells are flexible and oval biconcave disks. They lack a cell nucleus and most organelles, in order to accommodate maximum space for hemoglobin; they can be viewed as sacks of hemoglobin, with a plasma membrane as the sack. Approximately 2.4 million new erythrocytes are produced per second in human adults. The cells develop in the bone marrow and circulate for about 100–120 days in the body before their components are recycled by macrophages. Each circulation takes about 60 seconds (one minute). Approximately a quarter of the cells in the human body are red blood cells. Nearly half of the blood's volume (40% to 45%) is red blood cells.",
"chunked_long_answer": "lack a cell nucleus and most organelles, in order to accommodate maximum space for hemoglobin; they can be viewed as sacks of hemoglobin, with a plasma membrane as the sack. Approximately 2.4 million new erythrocytes are produced per second in human adults. The cells develop in the bone marrow and circulate for about 100–120 days in the body before their components are recycled by macrophages. Each circulation takes about 60 seconds (one minute). Approximately a quarter of the cells in the human body are red blood cells. Nearly half of the blood's volume (40% to 45%) is red blood cells.",
"short_answers": [
"in the bone marrow"
]
} |
who was the pinkerton detective agency's first female detective | [
"Kate Warne"
] | [
{
"title": "Fannie Porter",
"text": "the day as well as with lawmen, and she made sure that any lawmen who entered received the best treatment. William Pinkerton, of the Pinkerton National Detective Agency, once paid her a visit. By the early 20th century, the tide had begun to turn against active, openly o... | {
"title": "Kate Warne",
"long_answer": "Kate Warne (1833 – January 28, 1868) was the first female detective, in 1856, in the Pinkerton Detective Agency and the United States.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Kate Warne (1833 – January 28, 1868) was the first female detective, in 1856, in the Pinkerton Detective Agency and the United States.",
"short_answers": [
"Kate Warne"
]
} |
how many episodes are there in modern family | [
"201",
"232"
] | [
{
"title": "Modern Family (season 4)",
"text": "kids are only required to appear in 22 episodes. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The fourth season of \"Modern Family\" was met with mixed reviews. Willa Paskin of \"Salon\" gave the season a negative review, writing, \"As Modern Family has gotten older, its chara... | {
"title": "List of Modern Family episodes",
"long_answer": "As of January 17, 2018, 201 episodes of Modern Family have aired.",
"chunked_long_answer": "As of January 17, 2018, 201 episodes of Modern Family have aired.",
"short_answers": [
"201"
]
} |
who built the first temple for god in jerusalem | [
"Solomon"
] | [
{
"title": "Jerusalem in Judaism",
"text": "for all mankind and consequently Jerusalem will become the spiritual center of the world. The earliest tradition regarding Jerusalem states that Adam, the first man, was created from the same place where in future the Altar would stand in the Holy Temple in Jerusa... | {
"title": "Solomon's Temple",
"long_answer": "The Hebrew Bible states that the temple was constructed under Solomon, king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah and that during the Kingdom of Judah, the temple was dedicated to Yahweh, and is said to have housed the Ark of the Covenant. Jewish historian Josephus says that \"the temple was burnt four hundred and seventy years, six months, and ten days after it was built\", although rabbinic sources state that the First Temple stood for 410 years and, based on the 2nd-century work Seder Olam Rabbah, place construction in 832 BCE and destruction in 422 BCE, 165 years later than secular estimates.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Hebrew Bible states that the temple was constructed under Solomon, king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah and that during the Kingdom of Judah, the temple was dedicated to Yahweh, and is said to have housed the Ark of the Covenant. Jewish historian Josephus says that \"the temple was burnt four hundred and seventy years, six months, and ten days after it was built\", although rabbinic sources state that the First Temple stood for 410 years and, based on the 2nd-century work Seder Olam Rabbah, place construction in 832 BCE and destruction in 422 BCE, 165 years",
"short_answers": [
"Solomon"
]
} |
what is a dropped pin on google maps for | [
"marks locations in Google Maps",
"marks locations"
] | [
{
"title": "Google Maps pin",
"text": "to accurately mark a point on a map without obscuring the location. The main body of the pin is circular at the top, but tapers into a point at the bottom, forming an inverted teardrop shape. A drop shadow extends from the point at the bottom, giving the pin a three-di... | {
"title": "Google Maps pin",
"long_answer": "The Google Maps pin is the inverted-drop-shaped icon that marks locations in Google Maps. The pin is protected under a U.S. design patent as \"teardrop-shaped marker icon including a shadow.\" Google has used the pin in various graphics, games, and promotional materials.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Google Maps pin is the inverted-drop-shaped icon that marks locations in Google Maps. The pin is protected under a U.S. design patent as \"teardrop-shaped marker icon including a shadow.\" Google has used the pin in various graphics, games, and promotional materials.",
"short_answers": [
"marks locations",
"marks locations in Google Maps"
]
} |
what do the 3 dots mean in math | [
"therefore sign",
"the therefore sign"
] | [
{
"title": "Principia Mathematica",
"text": "dots, or the same number of dots next that have equal or greater \"force\", or the end of the line. Dots next to the signs ⊃, ≡,∨, =Df have greater force than dots next to (\"x\"), (∃\"x\") and so on, which have greater force than dots indicating a logical produc... | {
"title": "Therefore sign",
"long_answer": "In logical argument and mathematical proof, the therefore sign (∴) is generally used before a logical consequence, such as the conclusion of a syllogism. The symbol consists of three dots placed in an upright triangle and is read therefore. It is encoded at U+2234 ∴ therefore (HTML ∴ · ∴). For common use in Microsoft Office hold the ALT key and type \"8756\". While it is not generally used in formal writing, it is used in mathematics and shorthand. It is complementary to U+2235 ∵ because (HTML ∵).",
"chunked_long_answer": "In logical argument and mathematical proof, the therefore sign (∴) is generally used before a logical consequence, such as the conclusion of a syllogism. The symbol consists of three dots placed in an upright triangle and is read therefore. It is encoded at U+2234 ∴ therefore (HTML ∴ · ∴). For common use in Microsoft Office hold the ALT key and type \"8756\". While it is not generally used in formal writing, it is used in mathematics and shorthand. It is complementary to U+2235 ∵ because (HTML ∵).",
"short_answers": [
"the therefore sign",
"therefore sign"
]
} |
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