id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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56e07d387aa994140058e56b | What day did Radio Saint Helena start operations? | Christmas Day 1967 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor... |
56e07d387aa994140058e56c | What was the range of Radio Saint Helena in miles? | 62 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor... |
56e07d387aa994140058e56d | How many days a year was Radio Saint Helena broadcast internationally? | 1 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor... |
56e07d387aa994140058e56e | What newspaper did Radio Saint Helena collaborate with? | St Helena Herald | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor... |
56e07d387aa994140058e56f | What day was Saint Helena Radio shut down? | 25 December 2012 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor... |
56e07dac231d4119001ac1d8 | What date was Saint FM radio launched? | January 2005 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM provided a local radio service for the island which was also available on internet radio and relayed in Ascension Island. The station was not government funded. It was launched in January 2005 and closed on 21 December 2012. It broadcast news, features and music in collaboration with its s... |
56e07dac231d4119001ac1d9 | What date was Saint FM radio closed? | 21 December 2012 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM provided a local radio service for the island which was also available on internet radio and relayed in Ascension Island. The station was not government funded. It was launched in January 2005 and closed on 21 December 2012. It broadcast news, features and music in collaboration with its s... |
56e07dac231d4119001ac1da | Which newspaper is the sister company of Saint FM radio? | St Helena Independent | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM provided a local radio service for the island which was also available on internet radio and relayed in Ascension Island. The station was not government funded. It was launched in January 2005 and closed on 21 December 2012. It broadcast news, features and music in collaboration with its s... |
56e07e3f231d4119001ac1df | Which company took over the channels vacated by Saint FM? | Saint FM Community Radio | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM Community Radio took over the radio channels vacated by Saint FM and launched on 10 March 2013. The station operates as a limited-by-guarantee company owned by its members and is registered as a fund-raising Association. Membership is open to everyone, and grants access to a live audio str... |
56e07e3f231d4119001ac1e0 | What date did Saint FM Community Radio launch? | 10 March 2013 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM Community Radio took over the radio channels vacated by Saint FM and launched on 10 March 2013. The station operates as a limited-by-guarantee company owned by its members and is registered as a fund-raising Association. Membership is open to everyone, and grants access to a live audio str... |
56e07e3f231d4119001ac1e2 | What kind of people can join Saint Fm Radio Community? | everyone | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM Community Radio took over the radio channels vacated by Saint FM and launched on 10 March 2013. The station operates as a limited-by-guarantee company owned by its members and is registered as a fund-raising Association. Membership is open to everyone, and grants access to a live audio str... |
56e07ea2231d4119001ac1eb | Who runs Saint Helena online? | a former print and BBC journalist | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSt Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent."
] |
56e07ea2231d4119001ac1ec | Who is partnered with Saint Helena online? | Saint FM and the St Helena Independent | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSt Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent."
] |
56e07f157aa994140058e57f | What does Sure South Atlantic LTD offer? | television | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSure South Atlantic Ltd (\"Sure\") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Afric... |
56e07f157aa994140058e580 | How many analogue terrestrial UHF channels does Sure South Atlantic LTD have? | 17 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSure South Atlantic Ltd (\"Sure\") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Afric... |
56e07f157aa994140058e582 | What is the feed signal of Sure South Atlantic received by? | a satellite dish | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSure South Atlantic Ltd (\"Sure\") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Afric... |
56e07f7e231d4119001ac1f1 | SURE provides what kind of service to the territory? | telecommunications | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable ... |
56e07f7e231d4119001ac1f2 | What kind of network does SURE provide it's service from? | digital copper-based telephone network | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable ... |
56e07f7e231d4119001ac1f3 | When was the first fibre-optic network installed? | August 2011 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable ... |
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1f7 | How big is the satellite dish at the satellite ground station in feet? | 25 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin... |
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1f8 | When was the satellite dish installed? | 1989 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin... |
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1f9 | Where was the satellite dish installed? | The Briars | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin... |
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1fa | Both telephone and internet services are subject to what? | sun outages | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin... |
56e08070231d4119001ac1ff | What is the international calling code for Saint Helena? | +290 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u... |
56e08070231d4119001ac200 | Who shares the calling code +290 with Saint Helena? | Tristan da Cunha | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u... |
56e08070231d4119001ac201 | How many digits did Saint Helena change their phone numbers to? | 5 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u... |
56e08070231d4119001ac202 | When did Saint Helena change the amount of digits in their phone numbers? | 1 October 2013 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u... |
56e08070231d4119001ac203 | What digit are Saint Helena phone numbers prefixed with? | 2 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u... |
56e080dc231d4119001ac209 | What speed is Saint Helena internet access? | 10/3.6 Mbit/s | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth."
] |
56e080dc231d4119001ac20a | What is the internet service provided through? | Intelsat 707 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth."
] |
56e080dc231d4119001ac20b | Who provides the internet service in Saint Helena? | SURE | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth."
] |
56e080dc231d4119001ac20c | What kind of population does SURE service? | more than 4,000 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth."
] |
56e080dc231d4119001ac20d | How many satellites provide the link to the internet? | 1 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth."
] |
56e0815f231d4119001ac21d | What kind of broadband service is provided on the island? | ADSL | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi... |
56e0815f231d4119001ac21e | What is the maximum speed of the broadband service? | 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi... |
56e0815f231d4119001ac21f | What is the lite price of the broadband service? | £16 per month | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi... |
56e0815f231d4119001ac220 | What is the gold price of the broadband service? | £190 per month | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi... |
56e0815f231d4119001ac221 | What location has a few public wifi spots available to the public? | Jamestown | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi... |
56e08343231d4119001ac227 | How long is the South Atlantic Express in miles? | 6,214 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl... |
56e08343231d4119001ac229 | Who runs the South Atlantic Express? | eFive | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl... |
56e08343231d4119001ac22a | On what date did eFive announce they would reroute the cable through Saint Helena? | 6 October 2012 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl... |
56e08343231d4119001ac22b | Who lobbied for the cable reroute into South Helena? | A Human Right | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl... |
56e0838f231d4119001ac231 | How many local newspapers does the island have? | two | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012."
] |
56e0838f231d4119001ac232 | Where are both newspapers available? | the Internet | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012."
] |
56e0838f231d4119001ac233 | Since when has the St Helena Independent been published? | November 2005 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012."
] |
56e0838f231d4119001ac234 | When was the Sentinel Newspaper introduced? | 2012 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012."
] |
56e0840c231d4119001ac23a | How many primary schools does the island have? | 3 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students... |
56e0840c231d4119001ac23b | What are the 3 primary schools called? | Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students... |
56e0840c231d4119001ac23c | What is the name of the secondary school for the island? | Prince Andrew School | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students... |
56e0840c231d4119001ac23d | How many students were enrolled in primary school in 2010? | 230 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students... |
56e0848f231d4119001ac245 | When does the mobile library service operate? | weekly | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly r... |
56e0848f231d4119001ac246 | Who provides programs to students with special needs? | The Education and Employment Directorate | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly r... |
56e084e27aa994140058e59f | What curriculum does the island adapt? | The UK national curriculum | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe UK national curriculum is adapted for local use. A range of qualifications are offered – from GCSE, A/S and A2, to Level 3 Diplomas and VRQ qualifications:"
] |
56e084e27aa994140058e5a1 | What are the qualifications offered? | GCSE, A/S and A2, to Level 3 Diplomas and VRQ qualifications | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe UK national curriculum is adapted for local use. A range of qualifications are offered – from GCSE, A/S and A2, to Level 3 Diplomas and VRQ qualifications:"
] |
56e0856a7aa994140058e5a6 | Saint Helena is a member of what kind of association? | International Island Games Association | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSports played on the island include football, cricket, volleyball, tennis, golf, motocross, shooting sports and yachting. Saint Helena has sent teams to a number of Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena is a member of the International Island Games Association. The Saint Helena cricket team made its deb... |
56e0856a7aa994140058e5a7 | Where did the Saint Helena cricket team make it's debut in international cricket? | Division Three of the African region of the World Cricket League | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSports played on the island include football, cricket, volleyball, tennis, golf, motocross, shooting sports and yachting. Saint Helena has sent teams to a number of Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena is a member of the International Island Games Association. The Saint Helena cricket team made its deb... |
56e0856a7aa994140058e5a8 | When did the Saint Helena cricket team make it's debut in international cricket? | 2011 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nSports played on the island include football, cricket, volleyball, tennis, golf, motocross, shooting sports and yachting. Saint Helena has sent teams to a number of Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena is a member of the International Island Games Association. The Saint Helena cricket team made its deb... |
56e085d7231d4119001ac25a | Where does the Governor's cup take place? | between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part."
] |
56e085d7231d4119001ac25c | What months does the Governor's cup take place? | December/January | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part."
] |
56e085d7231d4119001ac25d | When did the most recent Governor's cup take place? | December 2010 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThe Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part."
] |
56e08645231d4119001ac263 | What kind of groups are on Saint Helena and Ascension Island? | scouting and guiding | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle... |
56e08645231d4119001ac264 | When was Scouting established on Saint Helena? | 1912 | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle... |
56e08645231d4119001ac265 | Who visited the scouts on their return from the tour of Africa in 1937? | Lord and Lady Baden-Powell | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle... |
56e08645231d4119001ac266 | What book describes Lord and Lady Baden-Powel's visit? | African Adventures | [
"Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle... |
56e03fd2231d4119001ac013 | Aspiration and preaspiration are used in what? | phonetics | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other la... |
56e03fd2231d4119001ac014 | Aspirated consonants are what in English? | allophones | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other la... |
56e03fd2231d4119001ac015 | What are two language types where the difference is contrastive? | Indian and East Asian | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other la... |
56e040b27aa994140058e401 | With what word should you see a candle flicker or feel a puff of air? | pin | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nTo feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In ... |
56e040b27aa994140058e402 | In English the first consonant in "pin" is what? | aspirated | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nTo feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In ... |
56e042487aa994140058e407 | What does IPA stand for? | International Phonetic Alphabet | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila... |
56e042487aa994140058e408 | Written IPA consonants use symbols for what? | voiceless consonants | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila... |
56e042487aa994140058e409 | What modifier indicates a voiceless bilabial stop? | p | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila... |
56e042487aa994140058e40a | pʰ represents what? | aspirated bilabial stop | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila... |
56e043c67aa994140058e40f | What is not often aspirated? | Voiced consonants | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-vo... |
56e043c67aa994140058e410 | The symbol followed by bʰ would likely mean the consonant has what type of release? | breathy | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-vo... |
56e043c67aa994140058e412 | Voiced aspirated consonants are what type? | breathy-voiced | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-vo... |
56e044e9231d4119001ac019 | There are no IPA symbols for what? | degrees of aspiration | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon... |
56e044e9231d4119001ac01b | What may be doubled to indicate a long aspiration? | aspiration modifier | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon... |
56e044e9231d4119001ac01c | What language, according to the text, may need double stops to indicate aspiration length? | Korean | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon... |
56e044e9231d4119001ac01d | How are voice-onset time details usually presented? | numerically | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon... |
56e0455c231d4119001ac023 | A preaspirated consonant is marked how? | placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nPreaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop."
] |
56e0455c231d4119001ac024 | What represents a preaspirated bilabial stop? | ⟨ʰp⟩ | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nPreaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop."
] |
56e045d2231d4119001ac027 | How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration? | with the modifier letter | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩."
] |
56e045d2231d4119001ac028 | What is the superscript equal sign? | ⟨t˭⟩ | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩."
] |
56e045d2231d4119001ac029 | Most often, unaspirated consonants are what? | left unmarked | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩."
] |
56e045d2231d4119001ac02a | How are unaspirated consonants left unmarked? | ⟨t⟩ | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩."
] |
56e04669231d4119001ac02f | What is created when the vocal folds are spread and do not vibrate? | Voiceless consonants | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An ... |
56e04669231d4119001ac030 | What is created when vocal folds are slightly closed and vibrate? | voiced consonants | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An ... |
56e04669231d4119001ac031 | What is it called when a person's vocal cords stay open after a consonant? | Voiceless aspiration | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An ... |
56e046bc7aa994140058e417 | Aspiration of stops is seen as voiceless velar airflow in some languages, such as what? | Navajo | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nPhonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication."
] |
56e046bc7aa994140058e418 | In Navajo, the aspiration of affricates can be seen as what? | an extended length of the frication | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nPhonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication."
] |
56e047177aa994140058e41c | In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what? | consonant clusters | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nAspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position."
] |
56e047177aa994140058e41d | Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position? | Wahgi | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nAspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position."
] |
56e047997aa994140058e422 | As well as lasting as long as an English aspirated stop, the Armenian and Cantonese aspiration lasts as long as what? | unaspirated stops | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nArmenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration l... |
56e048cf231d4119001ac039 | Aspiration alters with what? | place of articulation | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nAspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /... |
56e06606231d4119001ac097 | What happens when an aspirated consonant is doubled or geminated? | the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nWhen aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of... |
56e06606231d4119001ac098 | What is comprised of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release? | An aspirated affricate | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nWhen aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of... |
56e06783231d4119001ac0a9 | What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]? | Icelandic and Faroese | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIcelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:"
] |
56e06783231d4119001ac0aa | What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too? | consonant clusters | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIcelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:"
] |
56e06783231d4119001ac0ab | What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic? | double stops and single stops | [
"Aspirated_consonant\n\nIcelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:"
] |
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