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56e07d387aa994140058e56b
What day did Radio Saint Helena start operations?
Christmas Day 1967
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor...
56e07d387aa994140058e56c
What was the range of Radio Saint Helena in miles?
62
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor...
56e07d387aa994140058e56d
How many days a year was Radio Saint Helena broadcast internationally?
1
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor...
56e07d387aa994140058e56e
What newspaper did Radio Saint Helena collaborate with?
St Helena Herald
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor...
56e07d387aa994140058e56f
What day was Saint Helena Radio shut down?
25 December 2012
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nRadio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collabor...
56e07dac231d4119001ac1d8
What date was Saint FM radio launched?
January 2005
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM provided a local radio service for the island which was also available on internet radio and relayed in Ascension Island. The station was not government funded. It was launched in January 2005 and closed on 21 December 2012. It broadcast news, features and music in collaboration with its s...
56e07dac231d4119001ac1d9
What date was Saint FM radio closed?
21 December 2012
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM provided a local radio service for the island which was also available on internet radio and relayed in Ascension Island. The station was not government funded. It was launched in January 2005 and closed on 21 December 2012. It broadcast news, features and music in collaboration with its s...
56e07dac231d4119001ac1da
Which newspaper is the sister company of Saint FM radio?
St Helena Independent
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM provided a local radio service for the island which was also available on internet radio and relayed in Ascension Island. The station was not government funded. It was launched in January 2005 and closed on 21 December 2012. It broadcast news, features and music in collaboration with its s...
56e07e3f231d4119001ac1df
Which company took over the channels vacated by Saint FM?
Saint FM Community Radio
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM Community Radio took over the radio channels vacated by Saint FM and launched on 10 March 2013. The station operates as a limited-by-guarantee company owned by its members and is registered as a fund-raising Association. Membership is open to everyone, and grants access to a live audio str...
56e07e3f231d4119001ac1e0
What date did Saint FM Community Radio launch?
10 March 2013
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM Community Radio took over the radio channels vacated by Saint FM and launched on 10 March 2013. The station operates as a limited-by-guarantee company owned by its members and is registered as a fund-raising Association. Membership is open to everyone, and grants access to a live audio str...
56e07e3f231d4119001ac1e2
What kind of people can join Saint Fm Radio Community?
everyone
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint FM Community Radio took over the radio channels vacated by Saint FM and launched on 10 March 2013. The station operates as a limited-by-guarantee company owned by its members and is registered as a fund-raising Association. Membership is open to everyone, and grants access to a live audio str...
56e07ea2231d4119001ac1eb
Who runs Saint Helena online?
a former print and BBC journalist
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSt Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent." ]
56e07ea2231d4119001ac1ec
Who is partnered with Saint Helena online?
Saint FM and the St Helena Independent
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSt Helena Online is a not-for-profit internet news service run from the UK by a former print and BBC journalist, working in partnership with Saint FM and the St Helena Independent." ]
56e07f157aa994140058e57f
What does Sure South Atlantic LTD offer?
television
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSure South Atlantic Ltd (\"Sure\") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Afric...
56e07f157aa994140058e580
How many analogue terrestrial UHF channels does Sure South Atlantic LTD have?
17
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSure South Atlantic Ltd (\"Sure\") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Afric...
56e07f157aa994140058e582
What is the feed signal of Sure South Atlantic received by?
a satellite dish
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSure South Atlantic Ltd (\"Sure\") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Afric...
56e07f7e231d4119001ac1f1
SURE provides what kind of service to the territory?
telecommunications
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable ...
56e07f7e231d4119001ac1f2
What kind of network does SURE provide it's service from?
digital copper-based telephone network
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable ...
56e07f7e231d4119001ac1f3
When was the first fibre-optic network installed?
August 2011
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable ...
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1f7
How big is the satellite dish at the satellite ground station in feet?
25
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin...
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1f8
When was the satellite dish installed?
1989
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin...
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1f9
Where was the satellite dish installed?
The Briars
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin...
56e07ffe231d4119001ac1fa
Both telephone and internet services are subject to what?
sun outages
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nA satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom. Since all international telephone and internet communications are relyin...
56e08070231d4119001ac1ff
What is the international calling code for Saint Helena?
+290
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u...
56e08070231d4119001ac200
Who shares the calling code +290 with Saint Helena?
Tristan da Cunha
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u...
56e08070231d4119001ac201
How many digits did Saint Helena change their phone numbers to?
5
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u...
56e08070231d4119001ac202
When did Saint Helena change the amount of digits in their phone numbers?
1 October 2013
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u...
56e08070231d4119001ac203
What digit are Saint Helena phone numbers prefixed with?
2
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit \"2\", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being u...
56e080dc231d4119001ac209
What speed is Saint Helena internet access?
10/3.6 Mbit/s
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth." ]
56e080dc231d4119001ac20a
What is the internet service provided through?
Intelsat 707
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth." ]
56e080dc231d4119001ac20b
Who provides the internet service in Saint Helena?
SURE
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth." ]
56e080dc231d4119001ac20c
What kind of population does SURE service?
more than 4,000
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth." ]
56e080dc231d4119001ac20d
How many satellites provide the link to the internet?
1
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSaint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth." ]
56e0815f231d4119001ac21d
What kind of broadband service is provided on the island?
ADSL
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi...
56e0815f231d4119001ac21e
What is the maximum speed of the broadband service?
1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi...
56e0815f231d4119001ac21f
What is the lite price of the broadband service?
£16 per month
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi...
56e0815f231d4119001ac220
What is the gold price of the broadband service?
£190 per month
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi...
56e0815f231d4119001ac221
What location has a few public wifi spots available to the public?
Jamestown
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wi...
56e08343231d4119001ac227
How long is the South Atlantic Express in miles?
6,214
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl...
56e08343231d4119001ac229
Who runs the South Atlantic Express?
eFive
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl...
56e08343231d4119001ac22a
On what date did eFive announce they would reroute the cable through Saint Helena?
6 October 2012
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl...
56e08343231d4119001ac22b
Who lobbied for the cable reroute into South Helena?
A Human Right
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe South Atlantic Express, a 10,000 km (6,214 mi) submarine communications cable connecting Africa to South America, run by the undersea fibre optic provider eFive, will pass St Helena relatively closely. There were no plans to land the cable and install a landing station ashore, which could suppl...
56e0838f231d4119001ac231
How many local newspapers does the island have?
two
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012." ]
56e0838f231d4119001ac232
Where are both newspapers available?
the Internet
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012." ]
56e0838f231d4119001ac233
Since when has the St Helena Independent been published?
November 2005
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012." ]
56e0838f231d4119001ac234
When was the Sentinel Newspaper introduced?
2012
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet. The St Helena Independent has been published since November 2005. The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012." ]
56e0840c231d4119001ac23a
How many primary schools does the island have?
3
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students...
56e0840c231d4119001ac23b
What are the 3 primary schools called?
Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students...
56e0840c231d4119001ac23c
What is the name of the secondary school for the island?
Prince Andrew School
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students...
56e0840c231d4119001ac23d
How many students were enrolled in primary school in 2010?
230
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nEducation is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students...
56e0848f231d4119001ac245
When does the mobile library service operate?
weekly
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly r...
56e0848f231d4119001ac246
Who provides programs to students with special needs?
The Education and Employment Directorate
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly r...
56e084e27aa994140058e59f
What curriculum does the island adapt?
The UK national curriculum
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe UK national curriculum is adapted for local use. A range of qualifications are offered – from GCSE, A/S and A2, to Level 3 Diplomas and VRQ qualifications:" ]
56e084e27aa994140058e5a1
What are the qualifications offered?
GCSE, A/S and A2, to Level 3 Diplomas and VRQ qualifications
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe UK national curriculum is adapted for local use. A range of qualifications are offered – from GCSE, A/S and A2, to Level 3 Diplomas and VRQ qualifications:" ]
56e0856a7aa994140058e5a6
Saint Helena is a member of what kind of association?
International Island Games Association
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSports played on the island include football, cricket, volleyball, tennis, golf, motocross, shooting sports and yachting. Saint Helena has sent teams to a number of Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena is a member of the International Island Games Association. The Saint Helena cricket team made its deb...
56e0856a7aa994140058e5a7
Where did the Saint Helena cricket team make it's debut in international cricket?
Division Three of the African region of the World Cricket League
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSports played on the island include football, cricket, volleyball, tennis, golf, motocross, shooting sports and yachting. Saint Helena has sent teams to a number of Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena is a member of the International Island Games Association. The Saint Helena cricket team made its deb...
56e0856a7aa994140058e5a8
When did the Saint Helena cricket team make it's debut in international cricket?
2011
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nSports played on the island include football, cricket, volleyball, tennis, golf, motocross, shooting sports and yachting. Saint Helena has sent teams to a number of Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena is a member of the International Island Games Association. The Saint Helena cricket team made its deb...
56e085d7231d4119001ac25a
Where does the Governor's cup take place?
between Cape Town and Saint Helena island,
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part." ]
56e085d7231d4119001ac25c
What months does the Governor's cup take place?
December/January
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part." ]
56e085d7231d4119001ac25d
When did the most recent Governor's cup take place?
December 2010
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThe Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part." ]
56e08645231d4119001ac263
What kind of groups are on Saint Helena and Ascension Island?
scouting and guiding
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle...
56e08645231d4119001ac264
When was Scouting established on Saint Helena?
1912
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle...
56e08645231d4119001ac265
Who visited the scouts on their return from the tour of Africa in 1937?
Lord and Lady Baden-Powell
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle...
56e08645231d4119001ac266
What book describes Lord and Lady Baden-Powel's visit?
African Adventures
[ "Saint_Helena\n\nThere are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitle...
56e03fd2231d4119001ac013
Aspiration and preaspiration are used in what?
phonetics
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other la...
56e03fd2231d4119001ac014
Aspirated consonants are what in English?
allophones
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other la...
56e03fd2231d4119001ac015
What are two language types where the difference is contrastive?
Indian and East Asian
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other la...
56e040b27aa994140058e401
With what word should you see a candle flicker or feel a puff of air?
pin
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nTo feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In ...
56e040b27aa994140058e402
In English the first consonant in "pin" is what?
aspirated
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nTo feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In ...
56e042487aa994140058e407
What does IPA stand for?
International Phonetic Alphabet
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila...
56e042487aa994140058e408
Written IPA consonants use symbols for what?
voiceless consonants
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila...
56e042487aa994140058e409
What modifier indicates a voiceless bilabial stop?
p
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila...
56e042487aa994140058e40a
pʰ represents what?
aspirated bilabial stop
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bila...
56e043c67aa994140058e40f
What is not often aspirated?
Voiced consonants
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-vo...
56e043c67aa994140058e410
The symbol followed by bʰ would likely mean the consonant has what type of release?
breathy
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-vo...
56e043c67aa994140058e412
Voiced aspirated consonants are what type?
breathy-voiced
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-vo...
56e044e9231d4119001ac019
There are no IPA symbols for what?
degrees of aspiration
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon...
56e044e9231d4119001ac01b
What may be doubled to indicate a long aspiration?
aspiration modifier
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon...
56e044e9231d4119001ac01c
What language, according to the text, may need double stops to indicate aspiration length?
Korean
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon...
56e044e9231d4119001ac01d
How are voice-onset time details usually presented?
numerically
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nThere are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or lon...
56e0455c231d4119001ac023
A preaspirated consonant is marked how?
placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nPreaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop." ]
56e0455c231d4119001ac024
What represents a preaspirated bilabial stop?
⟨ʰp⟩
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nPreaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop." ]
56e045d2231d4119001ac027
How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration?
with the modifier letter
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩." ]
56e045d2231d4119001ac028
What is the superscript equal sign?
⟨t˭⟩
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩." ]
56e045d2231d4119001ac029
Most often, unaspirated consonants are what?
left unmarked
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩." ]
56e045d2231d4119001ac02a
How are unaspirated consonants left unmarked?
⟨t⟩
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nUnaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩." ]
56e04669231d4119001ac02f
What is created when the vocal folds are spread and do not vibrate?
Voiceless consonants
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An ...
56e04669231d4119001ac030
What is created when vocal folds are slightly closed and vibrate?
voiced consonants
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An ...
56e04669231d4119001ac031
What is it called when a person's vocal cords stay open after a consonant?
Voiceless aspiration
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nVoiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An ...
56e046bc7aa994140058e417
Aspiration of stops is seen as voiceless velar airflow in some languages, such as what?
Navajo
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nPhonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication." ]
56e046bc7aa994140058e418
In Navajo, the aspiration of affricates can be seen as what?
an extended length of the frication
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nPhonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication." ]
56e047177aa994140058e41c
In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what?
consonant clusters
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nAspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position." ]
56e047177aa994140058e41d
Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position?
Wahgi
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nAspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position." ]
56e047997aa994140058e422
As well as lasting as long as an English aspirated stop, the Armenian and Cantonese aspiration lasts as long as what?
unaspirated stops
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nArmenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration l...
56e048cf231d4119001ac039
Aspiration alters with what?
place of articulation
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nAspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /...
56e06606231d4119001ac097
What happens when an aspirated consonant is doubled or geminated?
the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release.
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nWhen aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of...
56e06606231d4119001ac098
What is comprised of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release?
An aspirated affricate
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nWhen aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of...
56e06783231d4119001ac0a9
What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]?
Icelandic and Faroese
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIcelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:" ]
56e06783231d4119001ac0aa
What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?
consonant clusters
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIcelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:" ]
56e06783231d4119001ac0ab
What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic?
double stops and single stops
[ "Aspirated_consonant\n\nIcelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:" ]