id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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56e8d85b0b45c0140094cd0c | The Palace of Westminster was the seat of what from the later 12th century? | government | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbot and monks, in proximity to the royal Palace of Westminster, the seat of government from the later 12th century, became a powerful force in the centuries after the Norman Conquest. The abbot often was employed on royal service and in due course took his place in the House of Lords as ... |
56e8d85b0b45c0140094cd0d | Who was employed on royal service? | The abbot | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbot and monks, in proximity to the royal Palace of Westminster, the seat of government from the later 12th century, became a powerful force in the centuries after the Norman Conquest. The abbot often was employed on royal service and in due course took his place in the House of Lords as ... |
56e8d85b0b45c0140094cd0e | With what kind of life were the Benedictines allowed to identify? | secular | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbot and monks, in proximity to the royal Palace of Westminster, the seat of government from the later 12th century, became a powerful force in the centuries after the Norman Conquest. The abbot often was employed on royal service and in due course took his place in the House of Lords as ... |
56e8d85b0b45c0140094cd0f | To what movement was the task of spiritual leadership passed? | Cluniac | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbot and monks, in proximity to the royal Palace of Westminster, the seat of government from the later 12th century, became a powerful force in the centuries after the Norman Conquest. The abbot often was employed on royal service and in due course took his place in the House of Lords as ... |
56e8d9ab99e8941900975ecd | What did the abbot remain as a town built around the abbey? | Lord of the Manor of Westminster | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe proximity of the Palace of Westminster did not extend to providing monks or abbots with high royal connections; in social origin the Benedictines of Westminster were as modest as most of the order. The abbot remained Lord of the Manor of Westminster as a town of two to three thousand perso... |
56e8d9ab99e8941900975ece | What did the monastery help fuel? | the town economy | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe proximity of the Palace of Westminster did not extend to providing monks or abbots with high royal connections; in social origin the Benedictines of Westminster were as modest as most of the order. The abbot remained Lord of the Manor of Westminster as a town of two to three thousand perso... |
56e8d9ab99e8941900975ecf | What did the abbey build on the west side? | shops and dwellings | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe proximity of the Palace of Westminster did not extend to providing monks or abbots with high royal connections; in social origin the Benedictines of Westminster were as modest as most of the order. The abbot remained Lord of the Manor of Westminster as a town of two to three thousand perso... |
56e8d9ab99e8941900975ed1 | What encroached upon the sanctuary? | shops and dwellings | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe proximity of the Palace of Westminster did not extend to providing monks or abbots with high royal connections; in social origin the Benedictines of Westminster were as modest as most of the order. The abbot remained Lord of the Manor of Westminster as a town of two to three thousand perso... |
56e8daed0b45c0140094cd17 | What was the abbey to Norman kings? | coronation site | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, u... |
56e8daed0b45c0140094cd18 | What architect continued work on the abbey? | Henry Yevele | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, u... |
56e8daed0b45c0140094cd19 | Who was reigning when Henry Yevele finished his work on the abbey? | Richard II | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, u... |
56e8daed0b45c0140094cd1a | What kind of pavement was commissioned for in front of the High Altar? | Cosmati | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, u... |
56e8daed0b45c0140094cd1b | What played a large role in King Edward the Confessor's canonisation? | The Confessor's shrine | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, u... |
56e8dbaa99e8941900975ed7 | Who added a Perpendicular style chapel? | Henry VII | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VII added a Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1503 (known as the Henry VII Chapel or the \"Lady Chapel\"). Much of the stone came from Caen, in France (Caen stone), the Isle of Portland (Portland stone) and the Loire Valley region of France (tuffeau limes... |
56e8dbaa99e8941900975ed8 | Who was the Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to? | Blessed Virgin Mary | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VII added a Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1503 (known as the Henry VII Chapel or the \"Lady Chapel\"). Much of the stone came from Caen, in France (Caen stone), the Isle of Portland (Portland stone) and the Loire Valley region of France (tuffeau limes... |
56e8dbaa99e8941900975ed9 | What part of France did the Caen stone come from? | Caen | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VII added a Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1503 (known as the Henry VII Chapel or the \"Lady Chapel\"). Much of the stone came from Caen, in France (Caen stone), the Isle of Portland (Portland stone) and the Loire Valley region of France (tuffeau limes... |
56e8dbaa99e8941900975eda | Where did the Portland stone come from? | Isle of Portland | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VII added a Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1503 (known as the Henry VII Chapel or the \"Lady Chapel\"). Much of the stone came from Caen, in France (Caen stone), the Isle of Portland (Portland stone) and the Loire Valley region of France (tuffeau limes... |
56e8dbaa99e8941900975edb | When was the Lady Chapel added? | 1503 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VII added a Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1503 (known as the Henry VII Chapel or the \"Lady Chapel\"). Much of the stone came from Caen, in France (Caen stone), the Isle of Portland (Portland stone) and the Loire Valley region of France (tuffeau limes... |
56e8dca40b45c0140094cd21 | When was the abbey's annual income £2400–2800? | 1535 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed] (£1,310,000 to £1,530,000 as of 2016), during the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries rendered it second in wealth only to Glastonbury Abbey."
] |
56e8dca40b45c0140094cd22 | What was the abbey's annual income as of 2016? | £1,310,000 to £1,530,000 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed] (£1,310,000 to £1,530,000 as of 2016), during the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries rendered it second in wealth only to Glastonbury Abbey."
] |
56e8dca40b45c0140094cd23 | To which other abbey was Westminster Abbey second in wealth? | Glastonbury Abbey | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed] (£1,310,000 to £1,530,000 as of 2016), during the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries rendered it second in wealth only to Glastonbury Abbey."
] |
56e8dca40b45c0140094cd24 | During what was the abbey made second in wealth? | the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed] (£1,310,000 to £1,530,000 as of 2016), during the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries rendered it second in wealth only to Glastonbury Abbey."
] |
56e8dd8c0b45c0140094cd29 | When did Henry VIII take direct royal control? | 1539 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VIII assumed direct royal control in 1539 and granted the abbey the status of a cathedral by charter in 1540, simultaneously issuing letters patent establishing the Diocese of Westminster. By granting the abbey cathedral status Henry VIII gained an excuse to spare it from the destruction... |
56e8dd8c0b45c0140094cd2a | Who gave the abbey status of a cathedral in 1540? | Henry VIII | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VIII assumed direct royal control in 1539 and granted the abbey the status of a cathedral by charter in 1540, simultaneously issuing letters patent establishing the Diocese of Westminster. By granting the abbey cathedral status Henry VIII gained an excuse to spare it from the destruction... |
56e8dd8c0b45c0140094cd2b | What did the cathedral status save the abbey from? | destruction | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VIII assumed direct royal control in 1539 and granted the abbey the status of a cathedral by charter in 1540, simultaneously issuing letters patent establishing the Diocese of Westminster. By granting the abbey cathedral status Henry VIII gained an excuse to spare it from the destruction... |
56e8dd8c0b45c0140094cd2c | What did changing the status of the abbey create? | the Diocese of Westminster | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry VIII assumed direct royal control in 1539 and granted the abbey the status of a cathedral by charter in 1540, simultaneously issuing letters patent establishing the Diocese of Westminster. By granting the abbey cathedral status Henry VIII gained an excuse to spare it from the destruction... |
56e8de4b99e8941900975ee1 | When was Westminster Diocese dissolved? | 1550 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556. The already-old expression \"robbing Peter to pay Paul\" may have been given a new lease of life when money meant for the abbey, w... |
56e8de4b99e8941900975ee2 | The abbey was recognised as what until 1556? | a second cathedral of the Diocese of London | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556. The already-old expression \"robbing Peter to pay Paul\" may have been given a new lease of life when money meant for the abbey, w... |
56e8de4b99e8941900975ee3 | Who is the abbey dedicated to? | Saint Peter | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556. The already-old expression \"robbing Peter to pay Paul\" may have been given a new lease of life when money meant for the abbey, w... |
56e8df710b45c0140094cd31 | The abbey was regiven to the Benedictines under whom? | Mary I of England | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey was restored to the Benedictines under the Catholic Mary I of England, but they were again ejected under Elizabeth I in 1559. In 1560, Elizabeth re-established Westminster as a \"Royal Peculiar\" – a church of the Church of England responsible directly to the Sovereign, rather than t... |
56e8df710b45c0140094cd32 | Who ejected the Benedictines again in 1559? | Elizabeth I | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey was restored to the Benedictines under the Catholic Mary I of England, but they were again ejected under Elizabeth I in 1559. In 1560, Elizabeth re-established Westminster as a \"Royal Peculiar\" – a church of the Church of England responsible directly to the Sovereign, rather than t... |
56e8df710b45c0140094cd34 | What was the new name of the abbey when Elizabeth I reestablished it? | Collegiate Church of St Peter | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey was restored to the Benedictines under the Catholic Mary I of England, but they were again ejected under Elizabeth I in 1559. In 1560, Elizabeth re-established Westminster as a \"Royal Peculiar\" – a church of the Church of England responsible directly to the Sovereign, rather than t... |
56e8df710b45c0140094cd35 | Who was made the first dean of the new church? | The last of Mary's abbots | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey was restored to the Benedictines under the Catholic Mary I of England, but they were again ejected under Elizabeth I in 1559. In 1560, Elizabeth re-established Westminster as a \"Royal Peculiar\" – a church of the Church of England responsible directly to the Sovereign, rather than t... |
56e8e01299e8941900975ee9 | When did the abbey suffer damage? | 1640s | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIt suffered damage during the turbulent 1640s, when it was attacked by Puritan iconoclasts, but was again protected by its close ties to the state during the Commonwealth period. Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumous... |
56e8e01299e8941900975eea | Who attacked the abbey? | Puritan iconoclasts | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIt suffered damage during the turbulent 1640s, when it was attacked by Puritan iconoclasts, but was again protected by its close ties to the state during the Commonwealth period. Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumous... |
56e8e01299e8941900975eeb | What protected the abbey? | ties to the state during the Commonwealth | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIt suffered damage during the turbulent 1640s, when it was attacked by Puritan iconoclasts, but was again protected by its close ties to the state during the Commonwealth period. Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumous... |
56e8e01299e8941900975eec | Who had a fancy funeral at the abbey in 1658? | Oliver Cromwell | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIt suffered damage during the turbulent 1640s, when it was attacked by Puritan iconoclasts, but was again protected by its close ties to the state during the Commonwealth period. Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumous... |
56e8e01299e8941900975eed | When was Oliver Cromwell disinterred? | January 1661 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIt suffered damage during the turbulent 1640s, when it was attacked by Puritan iconoclasts, but was again protected by its close ties to the state during the Commonwealth period. Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumous... |
56e8e4930b45c0140094cd3b | When were the western towers built? | between 1722 and 1745 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey's two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design. Purbeck marble was used for the walls and the floors of Westminster Abbey, even though the various tombstones are made of diffe... |
56e8e4930b45c0140094cd3c | Who built the western towers of the abbey? | Nicholas Hawksmoor | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey's two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design. Purbeck marble was used for the walls and the floors of Westminster Abbey, even though the various tombstones are made of diffe... |
56e8e4930b45c0140094cd3d | What kind of marble was used for the walls and floors of the abbey? | Purbeck | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey's two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design. Purbeck marble was used for the walls and the floors of Westminster Abbey, even though the various tombstones are made of diffe... |
56e8e4930b45c0140094cd3e | Under whom did the 19th century rebulding occur? | Sir George Gilbert Scott | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey's two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design. Purbeck marble was used for the walls and the floors of Westminster Abbey, even though the various tombstones are made of diffe... |
56e8e4930b45c0140094cd3f | What were the two western towers built from? | Portland stone | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nThe abbey's two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design. Purbeck marble was used for the walls and the floors of Westminster Abbey, even though the various tombstones are made of diffe... |
56e8e5520b45c0140094cd45 | What was designed for the west front of the abbey but not built? | A narthex | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nA narthex (a portico or entrance hall) for the west front was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens in the mid-20th century but was not built. Images of the abbey prior to the construction of the towers are scarce, though the abbey's official website states that the building was without towers followi... |
56e8e5520b45c0140094cd47 | When was the narthex designed? | mid-20th century | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nA narthex (a portico or entrance hall) for the west front was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens in the mid-20th century but was not built. Images of the abbey prior to the construction of the towers are scarce, though the abbey's official website states that the building was without towers followi... |
56e8e5520b45c0140094cd48 | The abbey was without towers following the renovation by whom? | Yevele | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nA narthex (a portico or entrance hall) for the west front was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens in the mid-20th century but was not built. Images of the abbey prior to the construction of the towers are scarce, though the abbey's official website states that the building was without towers followi... |
56e8e69d0b45c0140094cd4d | Westminster Abbey was the third highest place of learning after which two places? | Oxford and Cambridge | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nUntil the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge. It was here that the first third of the King James Bible Old Testament and the last half of the New Testament were translated. The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th... |
56e8e69d0b45c0140094cd4e | The first third of what was translated at the abbey? | King James Bible Old Testament | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nUntil the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge. It was here that the first third of the King James Bible Old Testament and the last half of the New Testament were translated. The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th... |
56e8e69d0b45c0140094cd4f | The last half of what was also translated at the abbey? | New Testament | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nUntil the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge. It was here that the first third of the King James Bible Old Testament and the last half of the New Testament were translated. The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th... |
56e8e69d0b45c0140094cd50 | The New English Bible was composed at the abbey during what time? | 20th century | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nUntil the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge. It was here that the first third of the King James Bible Old Testament and the last half of the New Testament were translated. The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th... |
56e8e69d0b45c0140094cd51 | Westminster Abbey suffered damage during what on 15 November 1940? | the Blitz | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nUntil the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge. It was here that the first third of the King James Bible Old Testament and the last half of the New Testament were translated. The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th... |
56e8e77a99e8941900975ef5 | Who painted the icons hung in the abbey in the 1990s? | Sergei Fyodorov | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn the 1990s two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey. On 6 September 1997 the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held at the Abbey. On 17 September 2010 Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope to set foot in the abbey."
] |
56e8e77a99e8941900975ef6 | What was held at the abbey on 6 September 1997? | funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn the 1990s two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey. On 6 September 1997 the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held at the Abbey. On 17 September 2010 Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope to set foot in the abbey."
] |
56e8e77a99e8941900975ef7 | Who was the first pope to set foot in the abbey? | Pope Benedict XVI | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn the 1990s two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey. On 6 September 1997 the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held at the Abbey. On 17 September 2010 Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope to set foot in the abbey."
] |
56e8e77a99e8941900975ef8 | On what date did the first pope set foot in the abbey? | 17 September 2010 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn the 1990s two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey. On 6 September 1997 the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held at the Abbey. On 17 September 2010 Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope to set foot in the abbey."
] |
56e8e77a99e8941900975ef9 | What nationality was Sergei Fyodorov? | Russian | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn the 1990s two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey. On 6 September 1997 the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held at the Abbey. On 17 September 2010 Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope to set foot in the abbey."
] |
56e8e8bf0b45c0140094cd57 | Where was Henry III crowned? | Gloucester Cathedral | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSince the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city... |
56e8e8bf0b45c0140094cd58 | When was Henry III crowned? | 1216 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSince the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city... |
56e8e8bf0b45c0140094cd59 | Who had taken control of London when Henry III was to be crowned? | French prince Louis | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSince the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city... |
56e8e8bf0b45c0140094cd5a | Who deemed Henry III's coronation to be improper? | the Pope | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSince the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city... |
56e8e8bf0b45c0140094cd5b | Who is the usual cleric for coronation ceremonies? | The Archbishop of Canterbury | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSince the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city... |
56e8e97d99e8941900975eff | What is the name of the throne used for coronation? | King Edward's Chair | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nKing Edward's Chair (or St Edward's Chair), the throne on which English and British sovereigns have been seated at the moment of coronation, is housed within the abbey and has been used at every coronation since 1308. From 1301 to 1996 (except for a short time in 1950 when it was temporarily s... |
56e8e97d99e8941900975f00 | What is another name for King Edward's Chair? | St Edward's Chair | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nKing Edward's Chair (or St Edward's Chair), the throne on which English and British sovereigns have been seated at the moment of coronation, is housed within the abbey and has been used at every coronation since 1308. From 1301 to 1996 (except for a short time in 1950 when it was temporarily s... |
56e8e97d99e8941900975f01 | Upon what are kings of Scots coronated? | the Stone of Scone | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nKing Edward's Chair (or St Edward's Chair), the throne on which English and British sovereigns have been seated at the moment of coronation, is housed within the abbey and has been used at every coronation since 1308. From 1301 to 1996 (except for a short time in 1950 when it was temporarily s... |
56e8e97d99e8941900975f03 | Who had stolen the Stone of Scone? | Scottish nationalists | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nKing Edward's Chair (or St Edward's Chair), the throne on which English and British sovereigns have been seated at the moment of coronation, is housed within the abbey and has been used at every coronation since 1308. From 1301 to 1996 (except for a short time in 1950 when it was temporarily s... |
56e8ea980b45c0140094cd61 | What kind of church is Westminster Abbey? | collegiate church | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign. The m... |
56e8ea980b45c0140094cd62 | Who created Westminster Abbey as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster? | Queen Elizabeth I | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign. The m... |
56e8ea980b45c0140094cd63 | Who governs the church? | the Dean and Chapter of Westminster | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign. The m... |
56e8ea980b45c0140094cd64 | Who are the members of the chapter of Westminster? | the Dean and four canons residentiary | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign. The m... |
56e8ea980b45c0140094cd65 | Who assist the chapter of Westminster? | the Receiver General and Chapter Clerk | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign. The m... |
56e8ebd40b45c0140094cd6b | How many lay vicars are there? | 12 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various l... |
56e8ebd40b45c0140094cd6c | How many choristers are there at the abbey? | 10 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various l... |
56e8ebd40b45c0140094cd6e | When was the office of Priest Vicar created? | 1970s | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various l... |
56e8ed4f0b45c0140094cd75 | Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of whom? | Edward the Confessor | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great B... |
56e8ed4f0b45c0140094cd76 | When did George II of Great Britain die? | 1760 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great B... |
56e8ed4f0b45c0140094cd77 | Who was Edward the Confessor? | a royal saint | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great B... |
56e8ed4f0b45c0140094cd78 | Where was Henry VI buried? | St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great B... |
56e8ed4f0b45c0140094cd79 | Where was Richard III buried? | Leicester Cathedral | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nHenry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great B... |
56e8ee3299e8941900975f09 | Where were aristocrats buried from the Middle Ages? | inside chapels | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nFrom the Middle Ages, aristocrats were buried inside chapels, while monks and other people associated with the abbey were buried in the cloisters and other areas. One of these was Geoffrey Chaucer, who was buried here as he had apartments in the abbey where he was employed as master of the Kin... |
56e8ee3299e8941900975f0a | Geoffrey Chaucer was employed as what? | master of the King's Works | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nFrom the Middle Ages, aristocrats were buried inside chapels, while monks and other people associated with the abbey were buried in the cloisters and other areas. One of these was Geoffrey Chaucer, who was buried here as he had apartments in the abbey where he was employed as master of the Kin... |
56e8ee3299e8941900975f0c | Henry Purcell was buried where? | in the abbey | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nFrom the Middle Ages, aristocrats were buried inside chapels, while monks and other people associated with the abbey were buried in the cloisters and other areas. One of these was Geoffrey Chaucer, who was buried here as he had apartments in the abbey where he was employed as master of the Kin... |
56e8f03d0b45c0140094cd7f | Oliver Cromwell began buring national figures in the abbey starting with whom? | Admiral Robert Blake | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSubsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, pol... |
56e8f03d0b45c0140094cd80 | Who was buried in the abbey on 4 April 1727? | Isaac Newton | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSubsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, pol... |
56e8f03d0b45c0140094cd81 | Who was buried in the abbey on 26 April 1882? | Charles Darwin | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSubsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, pol... |
56e8f03d0b45c0140094cd82 | Who was buried in the abbey on 3 August 1833? | William Wilberforce | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSubsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, pol... |
56e8f03d0b45c0140094cd83 | Who was buried next to William Wilberforce? | William Pitt | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nSubsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, pol... |
56e8f1fb0b45c0140094cd89 | In the early 20th century it became more common to bury what kind of remains? | cremated | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nDuring the early 20th century it became increasingly common to bury cremated remains rather than coffins in the abbey. In 1905 the actor Sir Henry Irving was cremated and his ashes buried in Westminster Abbey, thereby becoming the first person ever to be cremated prior to interment at the abbe... |
56e8f1fb0b45c0140094cd8a | In what year was Sir Henry Irving cremated? | 1905 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nDuring the early 20th century it became increasingly common to bury cremated remains rather than coffins in the abbey. In 1905 the actor Sir Henry Irving was cremated and his ashes buried in Westminster Abbey, thereby becoming the first person ever to be cremated prior to interment at the abbe... |
56e8f1fb0b45c0140094cd8b | Who was buried in the south choir aisle in 2014? | Frances Challen | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nDuring the early 20th century it became increasingly common to bury cremated remains rather than coffins in the abbey. In 1905 the actor Sir Henry Irving was cremated and his ashes buried in Westminster Abbey, thereby becoming the first person ever to be cremated prior to interment at the abbe... |
56e8f1fb0b45c0140094cd8c | What family has the Northumberland Vault? | Percy Family | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nDuring the early 20th century it became increasingly common to bury cremated remains rather than coffins in the abbey. In 1905 the actor Sir Henry Irving was cremated and his ashes buried in Westminster Abbey, thereby becoming the first person ever to be cremated prior to interment at the abbe... |
56e8f2c599e8941900975f14 | When was The Unknown Warrior buried? | 11 November 1920 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nIn the floor, just inside the great west door, in the centre of the nave, is the tomb of The Unknown Warrior, an unidentified British soldier killed on a European battlefield during the First World War. He was buried in the abbey on 11 November 1920. This grave is the only one in the abbey on ... |
56e8f34d99e8941900975f1b | Where is the memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF? | At the east end of the Lady Chapel | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nAt the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war."
] |
56e8f34d99e8941900975f1d | The memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF has a window for what? | the Battle of Britain | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nAt the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war."
] |
56e8f34d99e8941900975f1e | The window for the Battle of Britain replaced what that was destroyed? | Tudor stained glass window | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nAt the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war."
] |
56e8f3ff99e8941900975f23 | When was the formal funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales? | Saturday September 6, 1997 | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nOn Saturday September 6, 1997 the formal, though not \"state\" Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held. It was a royal ceremonial funeral including royal pageantry and Anglican funeral liturgy. A Second Public service was held on Sunday at the demand of the people. The burial occurred pr... |
56e8f3ff99e8941900975f24 | When was a second public service held for Princess Diana? | Sunday | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nOn Saturday September 6, 1997 the formal, though not \"state\" Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held. It was a royal ceremonial funeral including royal pageantry and Anglican funeral liturgy. A Second Public service was held on Sunday at the demand of the people. The burial occurred pr... |
56e8f3ff99e8941900975f25 | Who designed Diana's dress? | Catherine Walker | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nOn Saturday September 6, 1997 the formal, though not \"state\" Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held. It was a royal ceremonial funeral including royal pageantry and Anglican funeral liturgy. A Second Public service was held on Sunday at the demand of the people. The burial occurred pr... |
56e8f3ff99e8941900975f26 | Who gave Diana the rosary beads? | Mother Teresa | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nOn Saturday September 6, 1997 the formal, though not \"state\" Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, was held. It was a royal ceremonial funeral including royal pageantry and Anglican funeral liturgy. A Second Public service was held on Sunday at the demand of the people. The burial occurred pr... |
56e8f4ab0b45c0140094cd93 | What are also in the precincts of Westminster Abbey? | Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School are also in the precincts of the abbey. It was natural for the learned and literate monks to be entrusted with education, and Benedictine monks were required by the Pope to maintain a charity school in 1179. The Choir School educates and tr... |
56e8f4ab0b45c0140094cd94 | Who required the Benedictine monks to maintain a charity school? | the Pope | [
"Westminster_Abbey\n\nWestminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School are also in the precincts of the abbey. It was natural for the learned and literate monks to be entrusted with education, and Benedictine monks were required by the Pope to maintain a charity school in 1179. The Choir School educates and tr... |
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