Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
572707be5951b619008f84f2	Who failed to take back Malakoff?	the Russian defences	[ "Crimean_War\n\nFor months each side had been building forward rifle pits and defensive positions, which resulted in many skirmishes. Artillery fire aiming to gain superiority over the enemy guns.:450–462 September saw the final assault. On 5 September, another French bombardment (the sixth) was followed by an assa...
572707be5951b619008f84f3	Who took control of the Great Redan?	the British	[ "Crimean_War\n\nFor months each side had been building forward rifle pits and defensive positions, which resulted in many skirmishes. Artillery fire aiming to gain superiority over the enemy guns.:450–462 September saw the final assault. On 5 September, another French bombardment (the sixth) was followed by an assa...
5727094fdd62a815002e982c	What did the British-French commanders send to disrupt Russian communications and supplies?	Anglo-French naval squadron	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn spring 1855, the allied British-French commanders decided to send an Anglo-French naval squadron into the Azov Sea to undermine Russian communications and supplies to besieged Sevastopol. On 12 May 1855, British-French warships entered the Kerch Strait and destroyed the coast battery of the Kamis...
5727094fdd62a815002e982d	What sea was the Anglo-French naval squadron sent to?	Azov Sea	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn spring 1855, the allied British-French commanders decided to send an Anglo-French naval squadron into the Azov Sea to undermine Russian communications and supplies to besieged Sevastopol. On 12 May 1855, British-French warships entered the Kerch Strait and destroyed the coast battery of the Kamis...
5727094fdd62a815002e982e	Where did British-French warships enter on May 12th 1855?	the Kerch Strait	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn spring 1855, the allied British-French commanders decided to send an Anglo-French naval squadron into the Azov Sea to undermine Russian communications and supplies to besieged Sevastopol. On 12 May 1855, British-French warships entered the Kerch Strait and destroyed the coast battery of the Kamis...
5727094fdd62a815002e982f	What seaport did the British-French attack with steamers and gunboats?	the seaport of Taganrog	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn spring 1855, the allied British-French commanders decided to send an Anglo-French naval squadron into the Azov Sea to undermine Russian communications and supplies to besieged Sevastopol. On 12 May 1855, British-French warships entered the Kerch Strait and destroyed the coast battery of the Kamis...
5727094fdd62a815002e9830	The seaport of Taganrog is near what port city?	Rostov on Don	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn spring 1855, the allied British-French commanders decided to send an Anglo-French naval squadron into the Azov Sea to undermine Russian communications and supplies to besieged Sevastopol. On 12 May 1855, British-French warships entered the Kerch Strait and destroyed the coast battery of the Kamis...
57270aeaf1498d1400e8f27e	What caused the HMS Jasper to get stuck in shallow water?	a fisherman who moved buoys	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn July 1855, the allied squadron tried to go past Taganrog to Rostov on Don, entering the Don River through the Mius River. On 12 July 1855 HMS Jasper grounded near Taganrog thanks to a fisherman who moved buoys into shallow water. The Cossacks captured the gunboat with all of its guns and blew it ...
57270aeaf1498d1400e8f27f	Who blew up the HMS Jasper?	The Cossacks	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn July 1855, the allied squadron tried to go past Taganrog to Rostov on Don, entering the Don River through the Mius River. On 12 July 1855 HMS Jasper grounded near Taganrog thanks to a fisherman who moved buoys into shallow water. The Cossacks captured the gunboat with all of its guns and blew it ...
57270aeaf1498d1400e8f280	During what days did the allied squadron third siege attempt take place?	19–31 August	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn July 1855, the allied squadron tried to go past Taganrog to Rostov on Don, entering the Don River through the Mius River. On 12 July 1855 HMS Jasper grounded near Taganrog thanks to a fisherman who moved buoys into shallow water. The Cossacks captured the gunboat with all of its guns and blew it ...
57270aeaf1498d1400e8f281	The allied fleet departed the Gulf of Taganrog on what date?	2nd September	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn July 1855, the allied squadron tried to go past Taganrog to Rostov on Don, entering the Don River through the Mius River. On 12 July 1855 HMS Jasper grounded near Taganrog thanks to a fisherman who moved buoys into shallow water. The Cossacks captured the gunboat with all of its guns and blew it ...
57270aeaf1498d1400e8f282	Why did the third siege attempt fail?	the city was already fortified	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn July 1855, the allied squadron tried to go past Taganrog to Rostov on Don, entering the Don River through the Mius River. On 12 July 1855 HMS Jasper grounded near Taganrog thanks to a fisherman who moved buoys into shallow water. The Cossacks captured the gunboat with all of its guns and blew it ...
57270ca95951b619008f8535	Who captured the border front of Saint Nicholas during a night attack?	the Turks	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani...
57270ca95951b619008f8536	How many troops did the Turks have when crossing the Cholok River?	20000 troops	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani...
57270ca95951b619008f8537	After giving up their position at Poti and Redut Kale, where did the Russians retreat to?	Marani	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani...
57270ca95951b619008f8538	How many troops did the Turks send to Gyumri?	30000	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani...
57270ca95951b619008f8539	What were the Turks waiting for when positioned near Akhaltsike?	reinforcements	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani...
57270e82708984140094d915	Who make the Turks retreat back to Batum?	Eristov	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn the north Eristov pushed southwest, fought two battles, forced the Turks back to Batum, retired behind the Cholok River and suspended action for the rest of the year (June). In the far south Wrangel pushed west, fought a battle and occupied Bayazit. In the center the main forces stood at Kars and...
57270e82708984140094d916	Who occupied Bayazit?	Wrangel	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn the north Eristov pushed southwest, fought two battles, forced the Turks back to Batum, retired behind the Cholok River and suspended action for the rest of the year (June). In the far south Wrangel pushed west, fought a battle and occupied Bayazit. In the center the main forces stood at Kars and...
57270e82708984140094d917	Where did the main forces stand?	Kars and Gyumri	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn the north Eristov pushed southwest, fought two battles, forced the Turks back to Batum, retired behind the Cholok River and suspended action for the rest of the year (June). In the far south Wrangel pushed west, fought a battle and occupied Bayazit. In the center the main forces stood at Kars and...
57270e82708984140094d918	On August 4th, who thought the other side was withdrawing?	the Russians	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn the north Eristov pushed southwest, fought two battles, forced the Turks back to Batum, retired behind the Cholok River and suspended action for the rest of the year (June). In the far south Wrangel pushed west, fought a battle and occupied Bayazit. In the center the main forces stood at Kars and...
57270e82708984140094d919	Who made a secret agreement to remain neutral?	the Persians	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn the north Eristov pushed southwest, fought two battles, forced the Turks back to Batum, retired behind the Cholok River and suspended action for the rest of the year (June). In the far south Wrangel pushed west, fought a battle and occupied Bayazit. In the center the main forces stood at Kars and...
57271015dd62a815002e9894	What caused the number of Turkish soldiers to decrease?	disease	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855:Kars: In the year up to May 1855 Turkish forces in the east were reduced from 120,000 to 75,000, mostly by disease. The local Armenian population kept Muravyev well-informed about the Turks at Kars and he judged they had about five months of supplies. He therefore decided to control the surroun...
57271015dd62a815002e9895	How man troops were the Turks forces in the east reduced to?	75,000	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855:Kars: In the year up to May 1855 Turkish forces in the east were reduced from 120,000 to 75,000, mostly by disease. The local Armenian population kept Muravyev well-informed about the Turks at Kars and he judged they had about five months of supplies. He therefore decided to control the surroun...
57271015dd62a815002e9896	Who kept Muravyev informed about the Turks at Kar?	The local Armenian population	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855:Kars: In the year up to May 1855 Turkish forces in the east were reduced from 120,000 to 75,000, mostly by disease. The local Armenian population kept Muravyev well-informed about the Turks at Kars and he judged they had about five months of supplies. He therefore decided to control the surroun...
57271015dd62a815002e9897	What did Muravyev attend to do to the Turks in order to defeat them?	starve them out	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855:Kars: In the year up to May 1855 Turkish forces in the east were reduced from 120,000 to 75,000, mostly by disease. The local Armenian population kept Muravyev well-informed about the Turks at Kars and he judged they had about five months of supplies. He therefore decided to control the surroun...
57271015dd62a815002e9898	What city did Muravyev decide not to take control over?	Erzerum	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855:Kars: In the year up to May 1855 Turkish forces in the east were reduced from 120,000 to 75,000, mostly by disease. The local Armenian population kept Muravyev well-informed about the Turks at Kars and he judged they had about five months of supplies. He therefore decided to control the surroun...
57271173dd62a815002e989e	Who vetoed Omar Pasha from landing in Georgia?	the western powers	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This r...
57271173dd62a815002e989f	In September of 1855, how many Turks could be found at Batum?	8000	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This r...
57271173dd62a815002e98a0	When landing at Batum, what were the Turks primary focus?	Sukhum Kale	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This r...
57271173dd62a815002e98a1	What river divides Abkhazia from Georgia?	the Ingur River	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This r...
57271173dd62a815002e98a2	What did Omar Pasha finally reach on December 2nd 1855?	the Tskhenis-dzqali	[ "Crimean_War\n\n1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This r...
57271342f1498d1400e8f338	What is the Russian capital?	Saint Petersburg	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Baltic was[when?] a forgotten theatre of the Crimean War. Popularisation of events elsewhere overshadowed the significance of this theatre, which was close to Saint Petersburg, the Russian capital. In April 1854 an Anglo-French fleet entered the Baltic to attack the Russian naval base of Kronsta...
57271342f1498d1400e8f339	Which theater was next to Saint Petersburg?	The Baltic	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Baltic was[when?] a forgotten theatre of the Crimean War. Popularisation of events elsewhere overshadowed the significance of this theatre, which was close to Saint Petersburg, the Russian capital. In April 1854 an Anglo-French fleet entered the Baltic to attack the Russian naval base of Kronsta...
57271342f1498d1400e8f33a	Which fleet joined the Baltic attack?	Anglo-French fleet	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Baltic was[when?] a forgotten theatre of the Crimean War. Popularisation of events elsewhere overshadowed the significance of this theatre, which was close to Saint Petersburg, the Russian capital. In April 1854 an Anglo-French fleet entered the Baltic to attack the Russian naval base of Kronsta...
57271342f1498d1400e8f33b	When did the Anglo-French fleet join the Baltic attack?	April 1854	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Baltic was[when?] a forgotten theatre of the Crimean War. Popularisation of events elsewhere overshadowed the significance of this theatre, which was close to Saint Petersburg, the Russian capital. In April 1854 an Anglo-French fleet entered the Baltic to attack the Russian naval base of Kronsta...
57271342f1498d1400e8f33c	Which two fleets returned to Kronstadt?	British and French fleet	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Baltic was[when?] a forgotten theatre of the Crimean War. Popularisation of events elsewhere overshadowed the significance of this theatre, which was close to Saint Petersburg, the Russian capital. In April 1854 an Anglo-French fleet entered the Baltic to attack the Russian naval base of Kronsta...
572714e2dd62a815002e98c6	When did the French and British capture the Russian Bomarsund fortress?	August 1855	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn August 1855 a Franco-British naval force captured and destroyed the Russian Bomarsund fortress on Åland Islands. In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki. More than 1000 enemy guns tested the strength of th...
572714e2dd62a815002e98c7	Where was the Russian Bomarsund fortress at?	Åland Islands	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn August 1855 a Franco-British naval force captured and destroyed the Russian Bomarsund fortress on Åland Islands. In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki. More than 1000 enemy guns tested the strength of th...
572714e2dd62a815002e98c8	Who led the ship Rossiya?	Captain Viktor Poplonsky	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn August 1855 a Franco-British naval force captured and destroyed the Russian Bomarsund fortress on Åland Islands. In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki. More than 1000 enemy guns tested the strength of th...
572714e2dd62a815002e98c9	What was captain Viktor Poplonsky defending?	entrance to the harbor	[ "Crimean_War\n\nIn August 1855 a Franco-British naval force captured and destroyed the Russian Bomarsund fortress on Åland Islands. In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki. More than 1000 enemy guns tested the strength of th...
572716f05951b619008f85b3	What greatly benefited the Russian resistance?	newly invented blockade mines	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPart of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?] to the deployment of newly invented blockade mines. Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel). Immanuel ...
572716f05951b619008f85b4	Who contributed the most to developing naval mining?	Immanuel Nobel	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPart of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?] to the deployment of newly invented blockade mines. Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel). Immanuel ...
572716f05951b619008f85b5	Immanuel Noble had expensive knowledge in what field?	industrial explosives	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPart of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?] to the deployment of newly invented blockade mines. Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel). Immanuel ...
572716f05951b619008f85b6	Who named the torpedo mines?	Fulton	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPart of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?] to the deployment of newly invented blockade mines. Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel). Immanuel ...
572716f05951b619008f85b7	What was Immanuel Nobel son's name?	Alfred Nobel	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPart of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?] to the deployment of newly invented blockade mines. Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel). Immanuel ...
572718265951b619008f85d9	Who was in charge of the HMS Pique?	Rear Admiral David Price	[ "Crimean_War\n\nMinor naval skirmishes also occurred in the Far East, where at Petropavlovsk on the Kamchatka Peninsula a British and French Allied squadron including HMS Pique under Rear Admiral David Price and a French force under Counter-Admiral Auguste Febvrier Despointes besieged a smaller Russian force under ...
572718265951b619008f85da	The Russians escaped under the cover of what in 1855?	snow	[ "Crimean_War\n\nMinor naval skirmishes also occurred in the Far East, where at Petropavlovsk on the Kamchatka Peninsula a British and French Allied squadron including HMS Pique under Rear Admiral David Price and a French force under Counter-Admiral Auguste Febvrier Despointes besieged a smaller Russian force under ...
572718265951b619008f85db	Petropavlovsk is located on what peninsula?	the Kamchatka Peninsula	[ "Crimean_War\n\nMinor naval skirmishes also occurred in the Far East, where at Petropavlovsk on the Kamchatka Peninsula a British and French Allied squadron including HMS Pique under Rear Admiral David Price and a French force under Counter-Admiral Auguste Febvrier Despointes besieged a smaller Russian force under ...
57271960708984140094d9ad	Who gave Camillo di Cavour the orders to send soldiers to aid the French and British forces?	Victor Emmanuel II	[ "Crimean_War\n\nCamillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when ...
57271960708984140094d9ae	Camillo di Cavour sent how many troops to aid the French and British forces?	15,000	[ "Crimean_War\n\nCamillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when ...
57271960708984140094d9af	Who commanded the soldiers sent by Camillo di Cavour?	General Alfonso La Marmora	[ "Crimean_War\n\nCamillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when ...
57271960708984140094d9b0	The Battle of the Chernaya took place in what year?	1855	[ "Crimean_War\n\nCamillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when ...
57271960708984140094d9b1	Where was Victor Emmanuel II from?	Piedmont-Sardinia	[ "Crimean_War\n\nCamillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when ...
57271ad5708984140094d9cb	When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire who glimpsed an opportunity to advance North and South?	King Otto of Greece	[ "Crimean_War\n\nGreece played a peripheral role in the war. When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, King Otto of Greece saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had large Greek Christian majorities. However, Greece did not coordinate its plans with Russia, did not declare war, a...
57271ad5708984140094d9cc	When the Ottoman forces were busy, who did Greece invade?	Thessaly and Epirus	[ "Crimean_War\n\nGreece played a peripheral role in the war. When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, King Otto of Greece saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had large Greek Christian majorities. However, Greece did not coordinate its plans with Russia, did not declare war, a...
57271ad5708984140094d9cd	From April 1854 to February 1857, what port did the British and French lock down?	Greek port at Piraeus	[ "Crimean_War\n\nGreece played a peripheral role in the war. When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, King Otto of Greece saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had large Greek Christian majorities. However, Greece did not coordinate its plans with Russia, did not declare war, a...
57271ad5708984140094d9ce	In what year did the Epirus Revolt take place?	1854	[ "Crimean_War\n\nGreece played a peripheral role in the war. When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, King Otto of Greece saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had large Greek Christian majorities. However, Greece did not coordinate its plans with Russia, did not declare war, a...
57271ad5708984140094d9cf	Who stirred up the Epirus Revolt of 1854?	Greeks	[ "Crimean_War\n\nGreece played a peripheral role in the war. When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, King Otto of Greece saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had large Greek Christian majorities. However, Greece did not coordinate its plans with Russia, did not declare war, a...
57271ca2dd62a815002e9926	On January 21 1855, where did people protest the war?	Trafalgar Square	[ "Crimean_War\n\nDissatisfaction with the conduct of the war was growing with the public in the UK and in other countries, aggravated by reports of fiascos, especially the humiliating defeat of the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. On Sunday, 21 January 1855, a \"snowball riot\" occurred in Tra...
57271ca2dd62a815002e9927	How did troops stop the riot?	with truncheons	[ "Crimean_War\n\nDissatisfaction with the conduct of the war was growing with the public in the UK and in other countries, aggravated by reports of fiascos, especially the humiliating defeat of the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. On Sunday, 21 January 1855, a \"snowball riot\" occurred in Tra...
57271ca2dd62a815002e9928	What were the people using during the protest?	snowballs	[ "Crimean_War\n\nDissatisfaction with the conduct of the war was growing with the public in the UK and in other countries, aggravated by reports of fiascos, especially the humiliating defeat of the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. On Sunday, 21 January 1855, a \"snowball riot\" occurred in Tra...
57271ca2dd62a815002e9929	Who resigned as Prime Minister on January 30, 1855?	Aberdeen	[ "Crimean_War\n\nDissatisfaction with the conduct of the war was growing with the public in the UK and in other countries, aggravated by reports of fiascos, especially the humiliating defeat of the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. On Sunday, 21 January 1855, a \"snowball riot\" occurred in Tra...
57271ca2dd62a815002e992a	What position did Lord Palmerston previously hold before becoming a Prime Minister?	Foreign Secretary	[ "Crimean_War\n\nDissatisfaction with the conduct of the war was growing with the public in the UK and in other countries, aggravated by reports of fiascos, especially the humiliating defeat of the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. On Sunday, 21 January 1855, a \"snowball riot\" occurred in Tra...
57271de2708984140094da05	Where was the Treaty of Paris signed?	the Congress of Paris	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPeace negotiations at the Congress of Paris resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856. In compliance with article III, Russia restored to the Ottoman Empire the city and citadel of Kars in common with \"all other parts of the Ottoman territory of which the Russian troop were in...
57271de2708984140094da06	What year was the Treaty of Paris signed?	1856	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPeace negotiations at the Congress of Paris resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856. In compliance with article III, Russia restored to the Ottoman Empire the city and citadel of Kars in common with \"all other parts of the Ottoman territory of which the Russian troop were in...
57271de2708984140094da07	Who agreed to not have any military arsenal on the Black Sea coast?	the Tsar and the Sultan	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPeace negotiations at the Congress of Paris resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856. In compliance with article III, Russia restored to the Ottoman Empire the city and citadel of Kars in common with \"all other parts of the Ottoman territory of which the Russian troop were in...
57271de2708984140094da08	Who were the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia later return to?	the Ottoman Empire	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPeace negotiations at the Congress of Paris resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856. In compliance with article III, Russia restored to the Ottoman Empire the city and citadel of Kars in common with \"all other parts of the Ottoman territory of which the Russian troop were in...
57271de2708984140094da09	Who returned towns and seaports to Russia?	The United Kingdom, France, Sardinia and Turkey	[ "Crimean_War\n\nPeace negotiations at the Congress of Paris resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856. In compliance with article III, Russia restored to the Ottoman Empire the city and citadel of Kars in common with \"all other parts of the Ottoman territory of which the Russian troop were in...
57271f22dd62a815002e993a	What year did the Treaty of Paris fall?	1871	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Treaty of Paris stood until 1871, when France was defeated by Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. While Prussia and several other German states united to form a powerful German Empire, the Emperor of the French, Napoleon III, was deposed to permit the formation of a Third French Rep...
57271f22dd62a815002e993b	In what war was France defeated by Prussia?	Franco-Prussian War	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Treaty of Paris stood until 1871, when France was defeated by Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. While Prussia and several other German states united to form a powerful German Empire, the Emperor of the French, Napoleon III, was deposed to permit the formation of a Third French Rep...
57271f22dd62a815002e993c	Between what years did the Franco-Prussian War take place?	1870–1871	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Treaty of Paris stood until 1871, when France was defeated by Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. While Prussia and several other German states united to form a powerful German Empire, the Emperor of the French, Napoleon III, was deposed to permit the formation of a Third French Rep...
57271f22dd62a815002e993d	Napoleon III was removed to form what?	a Third French Republic	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Treaty of Paris stood until 1871, when France was defeated by Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. While Prussia and several other German states united to form a powerful German Empire, the Emperor of the French, Napoleon III, was deposed to permit the formation of a Third French Rep...
57271f22dd62a815002e993e	Who renounced the Black Sea clause?	Russia	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Treaty of Paris stood until 1871, when France was defeated by Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. While Prussia and several other German states united to form a powerful German Empire, the Emperor of the French, Napoleon III, was deposed to permit the formation of a Third French Rep...
572720a2f1498d1400e8f3da	Who lost the most due to the Crimean War?	Austria	[ "Crimean_War\n\nAlthough it was Russia that was punished by the Paris Treaty, in the long run it was Austria that lost the most from the Crimean War despite having barely taken part in it.:433 Having abandoned its alliance with Russia, Austria was diplomatically isolated following the war,:433 which contributed to ...
572720a2f1498d1400e8f3db	Russia failed to help Austria during what war that took place in 1866?	Austro-Prussian War	[ "Crimean_War\n\nAlthough it was Russia that was punished by the Paris Treaty, in the long run it was Austria that lost the most from the Crimean War despite having barely taken part in it.:433 Having abandoned its alliance with Russia, Austria was diplomatically isolated following the war,:433 which contributed to ...
572720a2f1498d1400e8f3dc	Who became diplomatically isolated after the war?	Kingdom of Sardinia	[ "Crimean_War\n\nAlthough it was Russia that was punished by the Paris Treaty, in the long run it was Austria that lost the most from the Crimean War despite having barely taken part in it.:433 Having abandoned its alliance with Russia, Austria was diplomatically isolated following the war,:433 which contributed to ...
572721d3dd62a815002e994e	France rose to power after what war?	The Crimean War	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War marked the ascendancy of France to the position of pre-eminent power on the Continent,:411 the continued decline of the Ottoman Empire, and the beginning of a decline for Tsarist Russia. As Fuller notes, \"Russia had been beaten on the Crimean peninsula, and the military feared that ...
572721d3dd62a815002e994f	What empire declined after the Crimean War?	the Ottoman Empire	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War marked the ascendancy of France to the position of pre-eminent power on the Continent,:411 the continued decline of the Ottoman Empire, and the beginning of a decline for Tsarist Russia. As Fuller notes, \"Russia had been beaten on the Crimean peninsula, and the military feared that ...
572721d3dd62a815002e9950	The Crimean war marked the end of what dominant European power?	Concert of Europe	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War marked the ascendancy of France to the position of pre-eminent power on the Continent,:411 the continued decline of the Ottoman Empire, and the beginning of a decline for Tsarist Russia. As Fuller notes, \"Russia had been beaten on the Crimean peninsula, and the military feared that ...
572722e65951b619008f8659	Who made the view of diplomatic drift popular?	A. W, Kinglake	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThis view of 'diplomatic drift' as the cause of the war was first popularised by A. W, Kinglake, who portrayed the British as victims of newspaper sensationalism and duplicitous French and Ottoman diplomacy. More recently, the historians Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart have argued that, first, ...
572722e65951b619008f865a	What did A.W Kinglake make the British out to be?	as victims	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThis view of 'diplomatic drift' as the cause of the war was first popularised by A. W, Kinglake, who portrayed the British as victims of newspaper sensationalism and duplicitous French and Ottoman diplomacy. More recently, the historians Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart have argued that, first, ...
572722e65951b619008f865b	Who believed Britain was following a strategy when trying to destroy Russian Navy?	Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThis view of 'diplomatic drift' as the cause of the war was first popularised by A. W, Kinglake, who portrayed the British as victims of newspaper sensationalism and duplicitous French and Ottoman diplomacy. More recently, the historians Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart have argued that, first, ...
57272435f1498d1400e8f3ea	What did the Russians fear losing without compensation?	British Columbia	[ "Crimean_War\n\nRussia feared losing Russian America without compensation in some future conflict, especially to the British. While Alaska attracted little interest at the time, the population of nearby British Columbia started to increase rapidly a few years after hostilities ended. Therefore, the Russian emperor,...
57272435f1498d1400e8f3eb	What province became more popular and saw a increase in population after the war?	British Columbia	[ "Crimean_War\n\nRussia feared losing Russian America without compensation in some future conflict, especially to the British. While Alaska attracted little interest at the time, the population of nearby British Columbia started to increase rapidly a few years after hostilities ended. Therefore, the Russian emperor,...
57272435f1498d1400e8f3ec	Who made the call to sell Alaska?	Alexander II	[ "Crimean_War\n\nRussia feared losing Russian America without compensation in some future conflict, especially to the British. While Alaska attracted little interest at the time, the population of nearby British Columbia started to increase rapidly a few years after hostilities ended. Therefore, the Russian emperor,...
57272435f1498d1400e8f3ed	Who did the Russians offer to sell Alaska to?	the United States	[ "Crimean_War\n\nRussia feared losing Russian America without compensation in some future conflict, especially to the British. While Alaska attracted little interest at the time, the population of nearby British Columbia started to increase rapidly a few years after hostilities ended. Therefore, the Russian emperor,...
57272435f1498d1400e8f3ee	Who is Russia's largest regional rival?	the United Kingdom	[ "Crimean_War\n\nRussia feared losing Russian America without compensation in some future conflict, especially to the British. While Alaska attracted little interest at the time, the population of nearby British Columbia started to increase rapidly a few years after hostilities ended. Therefore, the Russian emperor,...
5727257bf1498d1400e8f402	Who provided notable documentation of the war?	William Howard Russell	[ "Crimean_War\n\nNotable documentation of the war was provided by William Howard Russell (writing for The Times newspaper) and the photographs of Roger Fenton.:306–309 News from war correspondents reached all nations involved in the war and kept the public citizenry of those nations better informed of the day-to-day...
5727257bf1498d1400e8f403	William Howard Russell wrote for what newspaper at the time?	The Times	[ "Crimean_War\n\nNotable documentation of the war was provided by William Howard Russell (writing for The Times newspaper) and the photographs of Roger Fenton.:306–309 News from war correspondents reached all nations involved in the war and kept the public citizenry of those nations better informed of the day-to-day...
5727257bf1498d1400e8f404	Who's photographs accompanied William Howard Russell documentation?	Roger Fenton	[ "Crimean_War\n\nNotable documentation of the war was provided by William Howard Russell (writing for The Times newspaper) and the photographs of Roger Fenton.:306–309 News from war correspondents reached all nations involved in the war and kept the public citizenry of those nations better informed of the day-to-day...
5727257bf1498d1400e8f405	Who extended the telegraph to the coast of the Black Sea?	the French	[ "Crimean_War\n\nNotable documentation of the war was provided by William Howard Russell (writing for The Times newspaper) and the photographs of Roger Fenton.:306–309 News from war correspondents reached all nations involved in the war and kept the public citizenry of those nations better informed of the day-to-day...
5727257bf1498d1400e8f406	After the telegraph was extended to the coast of the Black Sea, how long did it take news of the war to reach London?	two days	[ "Crimean_War\n\nNotable documentation of the war was provided by William Howard Russell (writing for The Times newspaper) and the photographs of Roger Fenton.:306–309 News from war correspondents reached all nations involved in the war and kept the public citizenry of those nations better informed of the day-to-day...
5727266ff1498d1400e8f416	Who demanded drastic reforms after the war?	the newspapers	[ "Crimean_War\n\nAs the memory of the \"Charge of the Light Brigade\" demonstrates, the war became an iconic symbol of logistical, medical and tactical failures and mismanagement. Public opinion in the UK was outraged at the logistical and command failures of the war; the newspapers demanded drastic reforms, and par...
5727266ff1498d1400e8f417	The outbreak of the Indian Revolution took place in what year?	1857	[ "Crimean_War\n\nAs the memory of the \"Charge of the Light Brigade\" demonstrates, the war became an iconic symbol of logistical, medical and tactical failures and mismanagement. Public opinion in the UK was outraged at the logistical and command failures of the war; the newspapers demanded drastic reforms, and par...
5727266ff1498d1400e8f418	What poem demonstrates that the war became a symbol of failures?	Charge of the Light Brigade	[ "Crimean_War\n\nAs the memory of the \"Charge of the Light Brigade\" demonstrates, the war became an iconic symbol of logistical, medical and tactical failures and mismanagement. Public opinion in the UK was outraged at the logistical and command failures of the war; the newspapers demanded drastic reforms, and par...
5727279cf1498d1400e8f426	The tactical use of railways was first used during what war?	The Crimean War	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first \"live\" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell. Some credit Russell with prompting the resignation of the sitting British government through his repo...
5727279cf1498d1400e8f427	Who gave the first live war report?	William Howard Russell	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first \"live\" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell. Some credit Russell with prompting the resignation of the sitting British government through his repo...
5727279cf1498d1400e8f428	Due to his reporting skills, some give Russell credit for doing what?	prompting the resignation of the sitting British government	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first \"live\" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell. Some credit Russell with prompting the resignation of the sitting British government through his repo...
5727279cf1498d1400e8f429	What reduced the independence of British overseas possessions from their commanders in London?	the telegraph	[ "Crimean_War\n\nThe Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first \"live\" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell. Some credit Russell with prompting the resignation of the sitting British government through his repo...

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