id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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5727d0e74b864d1900163dcd | What connects PS/2 keyboards and mice to a USB port? | Converters | [
"USB\n\nUSB mice and keyboards can usually be used with older computers that have PS/2 connectors with the aid of a small USB-to-PS/2 adapter. For mice and keyboards with dual-protocol support, an adaptor that contains no logic circuitry may be used: the hardware in the USB keyboard or mouse is designed to detect w... |
5727d0e74b864d1900163dce | What performs bidirectional data translation between two standards? | a microcontroller | [
"USB\n\nUSB mice and keyboards can usually be used with older computers that have PS/2 connectors with the aid of a small USB-to-PS/2 adapter. For mice and keyboards with dual-protocol support, an adaptor that contains no logic circuitry may be used: the hardware in the USB keyboard or mouse is designed to detect w... |
5727d2173acd2414000ded4f | What is difficult to do with a USB plug? | to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly | [
"USB\n\nBy design, it is difficult to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly. The USB specification states that the required USB icon must be embossed on the \"topside\" of the USB plug, which \"...provides easy user recognition and facilitates alignment during the mating process.\" The specification als... |
5727d2173acd2414000ded50 | The USB specification states that the required USB icon must be what? | embossed on the "topside" of the USB plug | [
"USB\n\nBy design, it is difficult to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly. The USB specification states that the required USB icon must be embossed on the \"topside\" of the USB plug, which \"...provides easy user recognition and facilitates alignment during the mating process.\" The specification als... |
5727d2173acd2414000ded51 | How is the USB icon located to each receptacle? | adjacent | [
"USB\n\nBy design, it is difficult to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly. The USB specification states that the required USB icon must be embossed on the \"topside\" of the USB plug, which \"...provides easy user recognition and facilitates alignment during the mating process.\" The specification als... |
5727d2173acd2414000ded52 | Receptacles should be oriented to allow the icon on the plug to what? | to be visible during the mating process | [
"USB\n\nBy design, it is difficult to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly. The USB specification states that the required USB icon must be embossed on the \"topside\" of the USB plug, which \"...provides easy user recognition and facilitates alignment during the mating process.\" The specification als... |
5727d4e63acd2414000ded8f | What do Type-A receptacles do on host devices? | supply power | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were deliberately intended to enforce the directed topology of a USB network: Type-A receptacles on host devices that supply power and Type-B receptacles on target devices that draw power. This prevents users from accidentally connecting two USB power supplies to each other, which co... |
5727d4e63acd2414000ded90 | What do Type-b receptacles do on target devices? | draw power | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were deliberately intended to enforce the directed topology of a USB network: Type-A receptacles on host devices that supply power and Type-B receptacles on target devices that draw power. This prevents users from accidentally connecting two USB power supplies to each other, which co... |
5727d4e63acd2414000ded91 | What do the receptacles prevent user from doing? | from accidentally connecting two USB power supplies to each other | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were deliberately intended to enforce the directed topology of a USB network: Type-A receptacles on host devices that supply power and Type-B receptacles on target devices that draw power. This prevents users from accidentally connecting two USB power supplies to each other, which co... |
5727d4e63acd2414000ded92 | What networks do USB not support? | cyclic networks | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were deliberately intended to enforce the directed topology of a USB network: Type-A receptacles on host devices that supply power and Type-B receptacles on target devices that draw power. This prevents users from accidentally connecting two USB power supplies to each other, which co... |
5727d5c02ca10214002d97a2 | Standard connectors were designed to be what? | robust | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were designed to be robust. Because USB is hot-pluggable, the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than other connectors. Many previous connector designs were fragile, specifying embedded component pins or other delicate parts that were vulnerable to ... |
5727d5c02ca10214002d97a3 | Why were standard connectors designed to be so robust? | the connectors would be used more frequently | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were designed to be robust. Because USB is hot-pluggable, the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than other connectors. Many previous connector designs were fragile, specifying embedded component pins or other delicate parts that were vulnerable to ... |
5727d5c02ca10214002d97a4 | What as a drawback of previous connectors? | Many previous connector designs were fragile | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were designed to be robust. Because USB is hot-pluggable, the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than other connectors. Many previous connector designs were fragile, specifying embedded component pins or other delicate parts that were vulnerable to ... |
5727d5c02ca10214002d97a5 | How are the electrical contents of a USB connector protected? | by an adjacent plastic tongue | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were designed to be robust. Because USB is hot-pluggable, the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than other connectors. Many previous connector designs were fragile, specifying embedded component pins or other delicate parts that were vulnerable to ... |
5727d5c02ca10214002d97a6 | How is the entire connecting assembly of a USB connector protected? | by an enclosing metal sheath | [
"USB\n\nThe standard connectors were designed to be robust. Because USB is hot-pluggable, the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than other connectors. Many previous connector designs were fragile, specifying embedded component pins or other delicate parts that were vulnerable to ... |
5727d9003acd2414000dedfd | Where is the external metallic sheet connected? | typically connected to system ground | [
"USB\n\nThe connector construction always ensures that the external sheath on the plug makes contact with its counterpart in the receptacle before any of the four connectors within make electrical contact. The external metallic sheath is typically connected to system ground, thus dissipating damaging static charges... |
5727d9003acd2414000dedfe | What provides a degree of protection from interference with the USB signal? | This enclosure design | [
"USB\n\nThe connector construction always ensures that the external sheath on the plug makes contact with its counterpart in the receptacle before any of the four connectors within make electrical contact. The external metallic sheath is typically connected to system ground, thus dissipating damaging static charges... |
5727d9003acd2414000dedff | This type of stage make-break timing allows for what? | electrically safe hot-swapping. | [
"USB\n\nThe connector construction always ensures that the external sheath on the plug makes contact with its counterpart in the receptacle before any of the four connectors within make electrical contact. The external metallic sheath is typically connected to system ground, thus dissipating damaging static charges... |
5727d9dc2ca10214002d980a | What are the newer micro-USB receptacles designed for? | a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion | [
"USB\n\nThe newer micro-USB receptacles are designed for a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal between the receptacle and plug, compared to 1,500 for the standard USB and 5,000 for the mini-USB receptacle. Features intended to accomplish include, a locking device was added and the leaf-... |
5727d9dc2ca10214002d980b | What is the minimum rated lifetime for the standard USB receptacle? | 1,500 | [
"USB\n\nThe newer micro-USB receptacles are designed for a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal between the receptacle and plug, compared to 1,500 for the standard USB and 5,000 for the mini-USB receptacle. Features intended to accomplish include, a locking device was added and the leaf-... |
5727d9dc2ca10214002d980c | After a leaf-spring was moved from jack to the plug, the most stressed part was found where? | on the cable side of the connection | [
"USB\n\nThe newer micro-USB receptacles are designed for a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal between the receptacle and plug, compared to 1,500 for the standard USB and 5,000 for the mini-USB receptacle. Features intended to accomplish include, a locking device was added and the leaf-... |
5727d9dc2ca10214002d980d | Why was the change made for the USB device? | so that the connector on the less expensive cable would bear the most wear | [
"USB\n\nThe newer micro-USB receptacles are designed for a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal between the receptacle and plug, compared to 1,500 for the standard USB and 5,000 for the mini-USB receptacle. Features intended to accomplish include, a locking device was added and the leaf-... |
5727dad64b864d1900163e9c | What type of tolerances does the USB standard specify for compliant USB connectors? | loose tolerances | [
"USB\n\nThe USB standard specifies relatively loose tolerances for compliant USB connectors to minimize physical incompatibilities in connectors from different vendors. To address a weakness present in some other connector standards, the USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device in th... |
5727dad64b864d1900163e9d | Why were loose tolerances allowed for compliant USB connectors? | to minimize physical incompatibilities in connectors from different vendors | [
"USB\n\nThe USB standard specifies relatively loose tolerances for compliant USB connectors to minimize physical incompatibilities in connectors from different vendors. To address a weakness present in some other connector standards, the USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device in th... |
5727dad64b864d1900163e9e | How is a weakness addressed in some other connector standards? | the USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device | [
"USB\n\nThe USB standard specifies relatively loose tolerances for compliant USB connectors to minimize physical incompatibilities in connectors from different vendors. To address a weakness present in some other connector standards, the USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device in th... |
5727dad64b864d1900163e9f | Due to size restrictions compliant devices must what? | fit within the size restrictions or support a compliant extension cable that does | [
"USB\n\nThe USB standard specifies relatively loose tolerances for compliant USB connectors to minimize physical incompatibilities in connectors from different vendors. To address a weakness present in some other connector standards, the USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device in th... |
5727db6f2ca10214002d9826 | USB cables and device have only what on their ends? | plugs | [
"USB\n\nIn general, USB cables have only plugs on their ends, while hosts and devices have only receptacles. Hosts almost universally have Type-A receptacles, while devices have one or another Type-B variety. Type-A plugs mate only with Type-A receptacles, and the same applies to their Type-B counterparts; they are... |
5727db6f2ca10214002d9827 | Hosts and devices only have what in terms of connecting to a USB device? | receptacles | [
"USB\n\nIn general, USB cables have only plugs on their ends, while hosts and devices have only receptacles. Hosts almost universally have Type-A receptacles, while devices have one or another Type-B variety. Type-A plugs mate only with Type-A receptacles, and the same applies to their Type-B counterparts; they are... |
5727db6f2ca10214002d9828 | Devices usually have what type of receptacle? | one or another Type-B variety | [
"USB\n\nIn general, USB cables have only plugs on their ends, while hosts and devices have only receptacles. Hosts almost universally have Type-A receptacles, while devices have one or another Type-B variety. Type-A plugs mate only with Type-A receptacles, and the same applies to their Type-B counterparts; they are... |
5727db6f2ca10214002d9829 | Hosts almost always have what type of receptacle? | Type-A receptacles | [
"USB\n\nIn general, USB cables have only plugs on their ends, while hosts and devices have only receptacles. Hosts almost universally have Type-A receptacles, while devices have one or another Type-B variety. Type-A plugs mate only with Type-A receptacles, and the same applies to their Type-B counterparts; they are... |
5727dc2c2ca10214002d9836 | What has been used to connect digital cameras. smartphones and other devices to tablet computers? | Various connectors | [
"USB\n\nVarious connectors have been used for smaller devices such as digital cameras, smartphones, and tablet computers. These include the now-deprecated (i.e. de-certified but standardized) mini-A and mini-AB connectors; mini-B connectors are still supported, but are not OTG-compliant (On The Go, used in mobile d... |
5727dc2c2ca10214002d9837 | What was standard for transferring data to and from the earlier type of smartphones? | The mini-B USB connector | [
"USB\n\nVarious connectors have been used for smaller devices such as digital cameras, smartphones, and tablet computers. These include the now-deprecated (i.e. de-certified but standardized) mini-A and mini-AB connectors; mini-B connectors are still supported, but are not OTG-compliant (On The Go, used in mobile d... |
5727dc2c2ca10214002d9838 | How large are both mini-A and mini-B plugs? | approximately 3 by 7 mm | [
"USB\n\nVarious connectors have been used for smaller devices such as digital cameras, smartphones, and tablet computers. These include the now-deprecated (i.e. de-certified but standardized) mini-A and mini-AB connectors; mini-B connectors are still supported, but are not OTG-compliant (On The Go, used in mobile d... |
5727dc2c2ca10214002d9839 | When were the mini-A connector and and the mini-AB receptacle connector depreceated? | 23 May 2007 | [
"USB\n\nVarious connectors have been used for smaller devices such as digital cameras, smartphones, and tablet computers. These include the now-deprecated (i.e. de-certified but standardized) mini-A and mini-AB connectors; mini-B connectors are still supported, but are not OTG-compliant (On The Go, used in mobile d... |
5727e6e13acd2414000def4d | What is the micro connector designed for? | to reduce the mechanical wear on the device | [
"USB\n\nThe micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the mini plug design. The micro connector is also designed to reduce the mechanical wear on the device; instead the easier-to-replace cable is designed to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection... |
5727e6e13acd2414000def4e | What is the easier-to-replace cable designed for? | to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection | [
"USB\n\nThe micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the mini plug design. The micro connector is also designed to reduce the mechanical wear on the device; instead the easier-to-replace cable is designed to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection... |
5727e6e13acd2414000def4f | What is the micro-plug rated for? | 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles | [
"USB\n\nThe micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the mini plug design. The micro connector is also designed to reduce the mechanical wear on the device; instead the easier-to-replace cable is designed to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection... |
5727e97bff5b5019007d983a | In 2007 who endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices? | The cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform | [
"USB\n\nThe cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal C... |
5727e97bff5b5019007d983b | When did the ITU announce that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution? | 22 October 2009 | [
"USB\n\nThe cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal C... |
5727e97bff5b5019007d983c | What has energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution? | micro-USB | [
"USB\n\nThe cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal C... |
5727eae94b864d1900164014 | Who defined a common External Power Supply for use with smartphones sold? | The European Standardisation Bodies CEN, CENELEC and ETSI | [
"USB\n\nThe European Standardisation Bodies CEN, CENELEC and ETSI (independent of the OMTP/GSMA proposal) defined a common External Power Supply (EPS) for use with smartphones sold in the EU based on micro-USB. 14 of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed the EU's common EPS Memorandum of Understandi... |
5727eae94b864d1900164015 | How many mobile phone manufacturers signed the EU's common EPS (MoU)? | 14 | [
"USB\n\nThe European Standardisation Bodies CEN, CENELEC and ETSI (independent of the OMTP/GSMA proposal) defined a common External Power Supply (EPS) for use with smartphones sold in the EU based on micro-USB. 14 of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed the EU's common EPS Memorandum of Understandi... |
5727eae94b864d1900164016 | Who was one of the original MoU signers? | Apple | [
"USB\n\nThe European Standardisation Bodies CEN, CENELEC and ETSI (independent of the OMTP/GSMA proposal) defined a common External Power Supply (EPS) for use with smartphones sold in the EU based on micro-USB. 14 of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed the EU's common EPS Memorandum of Understandi... |
5727ee4e2ca10214002d99f6 | What are all USB On-The-Go devices required to have? | one, and only one, USB connector | [
"USB\n\nAll current USB On-The-Go (OTG) devices are required to have one, and only one, USB connector: a micro-AB receptacle. Non-OTG compliant devices are not allowed to use the micro-AB receptacle, due to power supply shorting hazards on the VBUS line. The micro-AB receptacle is capable of accepting both micro-A ... |
5727ee4e2ca10214002d99f7 | Non-OTG compliant devices are not allowed to use what? | the micro-AB receptacle | [
"USB\n\nAll current USB On-The-Go (OTG) devices are required to have one, and only one, USB connector: a micro-AB receptacle. Non-OTG compliant devices are not allowed to use the micro-AB receptacle, due to power supply shorting hazards on the VBUS line. The micro-AB receptacle is capable of accepting both micro-A ... |
5727ee4e2ca10214002d99f8 | Why are the Non-OTG compliant devices not allowed to use the micro-AB receptacle? | power supply shorting hazards on the VBUS line | [
"USB\n\nAll current USB On-The-Go (OTG) devices are required to have one, and only one, USB connector: a micro-AB receptacle. Non-OTG compliant devices are not allowed to use the micro-AB receptacle, due to power supply shorting hazards on the VBUS line. The micro-AB receptacle is capable of accepting both micro-A ... |
5727f05aff5b5019007d98ec | The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called what? | B-device | [
"USB\n\nThe OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no plug ins... |
5727f05aff5b5019007d98ed | What does an OTG device default to with no plug inserted? | to acting as a B-device | [
"USB\n\nThe OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no plug ins... |
5727f05aff5b5019007d98ee | What is the A-device responsible for? | powering the USB interface when required | [
"USB\n\nThe OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no plug ins... |
5727f1f23acd2414000df077 | What is USB? | a serial bus | [
"USB\n\nUSB is a serial bus, using four shielded wires for the USB 2.0 variant: two for power (VBUS and GND), and two for differential data signals (labelled as D+ and D− in pinouts). Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted (NRZI) encoding scheme is used for transferring data, with a sync field to synchronize the host and rece... |
5727f1f23acd2414000df078 | What kind of wires does the USB 2.0 variant use? | four shielded wires | [
"USB\n\nUSB is a serial bus, using four shielded wires for the USB 2.0 variant: two for power (VBUS and GND), and two for differential data signals (labelled as D+ and D− in pinouts). Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted (NRZI) encoding scheme is used for transferring data, with a sync field to synchronize the host and rece... |
5727f1f23acd2414000df079 | What are the four shielded wires in the USB 2.0 variant used for? | two for power (VBUS and GND), and two for differential data signals | [
"USB\n\nUSB is a serial bus, using four shielded wires for the USB 2.0 variant: two for power (VBUS and GND), and two for differential data signals (labelled as D+ and D− in pinouts). Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted (NRZI) encoding scheme is used for transferring data, with a sync field to synchronize the host and rece... |
5727f2a54b864d190016407c | How long is the maximum cable length the USB 2.0 provides? | 5 meters for devices running at Hi Speed | [
"USB\n\nUSB 2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5 meters for devices running at Hi Speed (480 Mbit/s). The primary reason for this limit is the maximum allowed round-trip delay of about 1.5 μs. If USB host commands are unanswered by the USB device within the allowed time, the host considers the command lost.... |
5727f2a54b864d190016407d | What is the maximum acceptable delay per cable? | 26 ns | [
"USB\n\nUSB 2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5 meters for devices running at Hi Speed (480 Mbit/s). The primary reason for this limit is the maximum allowed round-trip delay of about 1.5 μs. If USB host commands are unanswered by the USB device within the allowed time, the host considers the command lost.... |
5727f2a54b864d190016407e | What does theUSB 2.0 specification require? | cable delay be less than 5.2 ns per meter | [
"USB\n\nUSB 2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5 meters for devices running at Hi Speed (480 Mbit/s). The primary reason for this limit is the maximum allowed round-trip delay of about 1.5 μs. If USB host commands are unanswered by the USB device within the allowed time, the host considers the command lost.... |
5727f4544b864d1900164098 | What is a unit load defined as? | 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0 | [
"USB\n\nA unit load is defined as 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0, and 150 mA in USB 3.0. A device may draw a maximum of five unit loads from a port in USB 1.x and 2.0 (500 mA), or six unit loads in USB 3.0 (900 mA). There are two types of devices: low-power and high-power. A low-power device (such as a USB HID) draws at... |
5727f4544b864d1900164099 | How much is a unit load in USB 3.0? | 150 mA | [
"USB\n\nA unit load is defined as 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0, and 150 mA in USB 3.0. A device may draw a maximum of five unit loads from a port in USB 1.x and 2.0 (500 mA), or six unit loads in USB 3.0 (900 mA). There are two types of devices: low-power and high-power. A low-power device (such as a USB HID) draws at... |
5727f4544b864d190016409a | What is the maximum amount of load a USB 1. and 2.0 device may draw? | five unit loads | [
"USB\n\nA unit load is defined as 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0, and 150 mA in USB 3.0. A device may draw a maximum of five unit loads from a port in USB 1.x and 2.0 (500 mA), or six unit loads in USB 3.0 (900 mA). There are two types of devices: low-power and high-power. A low-power device (such as a USB HID) draws at... |
5727f4544b864d190016409b | What is the maximum amount of load a USB 3.0 device may draw? | six unit loads | [
"USB\n\nA unit load is defined as 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0, and 150 mA in USB 3.0. A device may draw a maximum of five unit loads from a port in USB 1.x and 2.0 (500 mA), or six unit loads in USB 3.0 (900 mA). There are two types of devices: low-power and high-power. A low-power device (such as a USB HID) draws at... |
5727f5cdff5b5019007d9948 | What is an example of a device that requires more than 500 mA of current? | high-speed external disk drives | [
"USB\n\nSome devices, such as high-speed external disk drives, require more than 500 mA of current and therefore may have power issues if powered from just one USB 2.0 port: erratic function, failure to function, or overloading/damaging the port. Such devices may come with an external power source or a Y-shaped cab... |
5727f5cdff5b5019007d9949 | What is an issue that may occur if a high-speed external disk drive is powered from just one USB 2.0 port. | may have power issues | [
"USB\n\nSome devices, such as high-speed external disk drives, require more than 500 mA of current and therefore may have power issues if powered from just one USB 2.0 port: erratic function, failure to function, or overloading/damaging the port. Such devices may come with an external power source or a Y-shaped cab... |
5727f5cdff5b5019007d994a | What does USB compliance specification prohibit? | "use of a 'Y' cable (a cable with two A-plugs) | [
"USB\n\nSome devices, such as high-speed external disk drives, require more than 500 mA of current and therefore may have power issues if powered from just one USB 2.0 port: erratic function, failure to function, or overloading/damaging the port. Such devices may come with an external power source or a Y-shaped cab... |
5727f8424b864d19001640e0 | What defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port? | The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging p... |
5727f8424b864d19001640e1 | When was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 released? | in 2007 | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging p... |
5727f8424b864d19001640e2 | What was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 called? | the charging port | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging p... |
5727f8424b864d19001640e3 | What does a charging port supply? | up to 500 mA at 5 V | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging p... |
5727f96d3acd2414000df129 | How many types of charging ports exist? | Two types | [
"USB\n\nTwo types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not excee... |
5727f96d3acd2414000df12a | What can a portable device recognize? | the type of USB port | [
"USB\n\nTwo types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not excee... |
5727f96d3acd2414000df12b | What are the D+ and D- shortened with? | a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms | [
"USB\n\nTwo types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not excee... |
5727fa2a2ca10214002d9a96 | What does the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 make clear of? | there are safety limits to the rated current at 5 A coming from USB 2.0 | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 (released in 2010) makes clear that there are safety limits to the rated current at 5 A coming from USB 2.0. On the other hand, several changes are made and limits are increasing including allowing 1.5 A on charging downstream ports for unconfigured device... |
5727fa2a2ca10214002d9a97 | What does revision 1.2 remove? | USB ports type detection via resistive detection mechanisms | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 (released in 2010) makes clear that there are safety limits to the rated current at 5 A coming from USB 2.0. On the other hand, several changes are made and limits are increasing including allowing 1.5 A on charging downstream ports for unconfigured device... |
5727fa2a2ca10214002d9a98 | When was USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 released? | in 2010 | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 (released in 2010) makes clear that there are safety limits to the rated current at 5 A coming from USB 2.0. On the other hand, several changes are made and limits are increasing including allowing 1.5 A on charging downstream ports for unconfigured device... |
5727fb1b3acd2414000df165 | When did the USB Promoters Group announce the finalization of the USB Power Delivery specification? | In July 2012 | [
"USB\n\nIn July 2012, the USB Promoters Group announced the finalization of the USB Power Delivery (\"PD\") specification, an extension that specifies using certified \"PD aware\" USB cables with standard USB Type-A and Type-B connectors to deliver increased power (more than 7.5 W) to devices with larger power dema... |
5727fb1b3acd2414000df166 | What can devices request? | higher currents and supply voltages from compliant hosts | [
"USB\n\nIn July 2012, the USB Promoters Group announced the finalization of the USB Power Delivery (\"PD\") specification, an extension that specifies using certified \"PD aware\" USB cables with standard USB Type-A and Type-B connectors to deliver increased power (more than 7.5 W) to devices with larger power dema... |
5727fb1b3acd2414000df167 | In all cases, both host-to-device and device-to-host configurations are what? | supported | [
"USB\n\nIn July 2012, the USB Promoters Group announced the finalization of the USB Power Delivery (\"PD\") specification, an extension that specifies using certified \"PD aware\" USB cables with standard USB Type-A and Type-B connectors to deliver increased power (more than 7.5 W) to devices with larger power dema... |
5727fbbe4b864d1900164152 | The USB Power Delivery revision 2.0 specification has been released as part of what? | USB 3.1 | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Power Delivery revision 2.0 specification has been released as part of the USB 3.1 suite. It covers the Type-C cable and connector with four power/ground pairs and a separate configuration channel, which now hosts a DC coupled low-frequency BMC-coded data channel that reduces the possibilities for R... |
5727fbbe4b864d1900164153 | What does the USB Power Delivery revision 2.0 specification cover? | Type-C cable and connector with four power/ground pairs and a separate configuration channel | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Power Delivery revision 2.0 specification has been released as part of the USB 3.1 suite. It covers the Type-C cable and connector with four power/ground pairs and a separate configuration channel, which now hosts a DC coupled low-frequency BMC-coded data channel that reduces the possibilities for R... |
5727fbbe4b864d1900164154 | Power delivery protocols have been updated to facilitate what? | Type-C features | [
"USB\n\nThe USB Power Delivery revision 2.0 specification has been released as part of the USB 3.1 suite. It covers the Type-C cable and connector with four power/ground pairs and a separate configuration channel, which now hosts a DC coupled low-frequency BMC-coded data channel that reduces the possibilities for R... |
5727fc32ff5b5019007d9a12 | What can sleep-and-charge USB ports be used to do? | charge electronic devices even when the computer is switched off | [
"USB\n\nSleep-and-charge USB ports can be used to charge electronic devices even when the computer is switched off. Normally, when a computer is powered off the USB ports are powered down, preventing phones and other devices from charging. Sleep-and-charge USB ports remain powered even when the computer is off. On ... |
5727fc32ff5b5019007d9a13 | What is normally powered off whenever the computer is off? | USB ports | [
"USB\n\nSleep-and-charge USB ports can be used to charge electronic devices even when the computer is switched off. Normally, when a computer is powered off the USB ports are powered down, preventing phones and other devices from charging. Sleep-and-charge USB ports remain powered even when the computer is off. On ... |
5727fc32ff5b5019007d9a14 | What remain powered even whenever the computer is powered off? | Sleep-and-charge USB ports | [
"USB\n\nSleep-and-charge USB ports can be used to charge electronic devices even when the computer is switched off. Normally, when a computer is powered off the USB ports are powered down, preventing phones and other devices from charging. Sleep-and-charge USB ports remain powered even when the computer is off. On ... |
5727fcccff5b5019007d9a34 | On what laptops are the USB ports marked with a USB symbol with an added lightening bolt icon? | On Dell and Toshiba laptops | [
"USB\n\nOn Dell and Toshiba laptops, the port is marked with the standard USB symbol with an added lightning bolt icon on the right side. Dell calls this feature PowerShare, while Toshiba calls it USB Sleep-and-Charge. On Acer Inc. and Packard Bell laptops, sleep-and-charge USB ports are marked with a non-standard ... |
5727fcccff5b5019007d9a35 | What does dell call the feature that lets USB drives to remain powered when the computer is off? | PowerShare | [
"USB\n\nOn Dell and Toshiba laptops, the port is marked with the standard USB symbol with an added lightning bolt icon on the right side. Dell calls this feature PowerShare, while Toshiba calls it USB Sleep-and-Charge. On Acer Inc. and Packard Bell laptops, sleep-and-charge USB ports are marked with a non-standard ... |
5727fcccff5b5019007d9a36 | On what laptops are the sleep-and-charge marked with a non-standard symbol? | On Acer Inc. and Packard Bell laptops | [
"USB\n\nOn Dell and Toshiba laptops, the port is marked with the standard USB symbol with an added lightning bolt icon on the right side. Dell calls this feature PowerShare, while Toshiba calls it USB Sleep-and-Charge. On Acer Inc. and Packard Bell laptops, sleep-and-charge USB ports are marked with a non-standard ... |
5727fe1c4b864d190016419a | When did the GSM Association follow suit? | 17 February 2009 | [
"USB\n\nThe GSM Association (GSMA) followed suit on 17 February 2009, and on 22 April 2009, this was further endorsed by the CTIA – The Wireless Association, with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on 22 October 2009 that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its \"energy-e... |
5727fe1c4b864d190016419b | When was this further endorsed by the CTIA? | 22 April 2009 | [
"USB\n\nThe GSM Association (GSMA) followed suit on 17 February 2009, and on 22 April 2009, this was further endorsed by the CTIA – The Wireless Association, with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on 22 October 2009 that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its \"energy-e... |
5727fe1c4b864d190016419c | UCS chargers will also include what? | a 4-star or higher efficiency rating | [
"USB\n\nThe GSM Association (GSMA) followed suit on 17 February 2009, and on 22 April 2009, this was further endorsed by the CTIA – The Wireless Association, with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on 22 October 2009 that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its \"energy-e... |
5727fecbff5b5019007d9a78 | When did many of the largest mobile phone manufacturers sign an EC-sponsored MoU? | June 2009 | [
"USB\n\nIn June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS). The EU's common EPS specification (EN 62684:201... |
5727fecbff5b5019007d9a79 | What did the MoU make the manufacturers agree to do? | to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply | [
"USB\n\nIn June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS). The EU's common EPS specification (EN 62684:201... |
5727fecbff5b5019007d9a7a | When did the IEC release its version of the common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011? | January 2011 | [
"USB\n\nIn June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS). The EU's common EPS specification (EN 62684:201... |
5727ff9cff5b5019007d9a84 | Some USB devices require what? | more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. | [
"USB\n\nSome USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB ca... |
5727ff9cff5b5019007d9a85 | Some devices such as an external hard and optical disk drive can use what? | an external power supply | [
"USB\n\nSome USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB ca... |
5727ff9cff5b5019007d9a86 | What is another alternative for power for an external hard and optical disk drive? | a dual-input USB cable | [
"USB\n\nSome USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB ca... |
5727ff9cff5b5019007d9a87 | What is the purpose of a dual-input USB cable? | one input of which is used for power and data transfer, the other solely for power | [
"USB\n\nSome USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB ca... |
572800942ca10214002d9b14 | What does the USB specification limit? | the inrush current | [
"USB\n\nIn addition to limiting the total average power used by the device, the USB specification limits the inrush current (i.e., that used to charge decoupling and filter capacitors) when the device is first connected. Otherwise, connecting a device could cause problems with the host's internal power. USB devices... |
572800942ca10214002d9b15 | When is the inrush current affected by the USB specification? | when the device is first connected | [
"USB\n\nIn addition to limiting the total average power used by the device, the USB specification limits the inrush current (i.e., that used to charge decoupling and filter capacitors) when the device is first connected. Otherwise, connecting a device could cause problems with the host's internal power. USB devices... |
572800942ca10214002d9b16 | What are USB devices required to enter? | ultra low-power suspend mode when the USB host is suspended | [
"USB\n\nIn addition to limiting the total average power used by the device, the USB specification limits the inrush current (i.e., that used to charge decoupling and filter capacitors) when the device is first connected. Otherwise, connecting a device could cause problems with the host's internal power. USB devices... |
572800942ca10214002d9b17 | Many USB host interfaces do not what? | cut off the power supply to USB devices when they are suspended | [
"USB\n\nIn addition to limiting the total average power used by the device, the USB specification limits the inrush current (i.e., that used to charge decoupling and filter capacitors) when the device is first connected. Otherwise, connecting a device could cause problems with the host's internal power. USB devices... |
572801402ca10214002d9b30 | What do some non-standard USB devices use? | the 5 V power supply without participating in a proper USB network | [
"USB\n\nSome non-standard USB devices use the 5 V power supply without participating in a proper USB network, which negotiates power draw with the host interface. These are usually called USB decorations.[citation needed] Examples include USB-powered keyboard lights, fans, mug coolers and heaters, battery chargers,... |
572801402ca10214002d9b31 | What Negotiates power draw with the host interface? | the 5 V power supply | [
"USB\n\nSome non-standard USB devices use the 5 V power supply without participating in a proper USB network, which negotiates power draw with the host interface. These are usually called USB decorations.[citation needed] Examples include USB-powered keyboard lights, fans, mug coolers and heaters, battery chargers,... |
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