Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
5727f460ff5b5019007d991d	Which theory consist of cultured adopting new practices,ideas, and products?	Diffusion of innovations	[ "Culture\n\nCultures are externally affected via contact between societies, which may also produce—or inhibit—social shifts and changes in cultural practices. War or competition over resources may impact technological development or social dynamics. Additionally, cultural ideas may transfer from one society to anot...
5727f60f3acd2414000df0e1	Who said the following statement? "Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity".	Immanuel Kant	[ "Culture\n\nImmanuel Kant (1724–1804) has formulated an individualist definition of \"enlightenment\" similar to the concept of bildung: \"Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity.\" He argued that this immaturity comes not from a lack of understanding, but from a lack of courage to think ...
5727f60f3acd2414000df0e2	What does the term Sapere aude mean?	Dare to be wise	[ "Culture\n\nImmanuel Kant (1724–1804) has formulated an individualist definition of \"enlightenment\" similar to the concept of bildung: \"Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity.\" He argued that this immaturity comes not from a lack of understanding, but from a lack of courage to think ...
5727f60f3acd2414000df0e3	Which German scholar argued that human creativity takes diverse forms and is as important as human rationality?	Johann Gottfried Herder	[ "Culture\n\nImmanuel Kant (1724–1804) has formulated an individualist definition of \"enlightenment\" similar to the concept of bildung: \"Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity.\" He argued that this immaturity comes not from a lack of understanding, but from a lack of courage to think ...
5727f7802ca10214002d9a5e	Which Prussian linguist called for an anthropology?	Wilhelm von Humboldt	[ "Culture\n\nIn 1795, the Prussian linguist and philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) called for an anthropology that would synthesize Kant's and Herder's interests. During the Romantic era, scholars in Germany, especially those concerned with nationalist movements—such as the nationalist struggle to create a...
5727f7802ca10214002d9a5f	During which ere did scholars of Germany developed a more inclusive culture?	Romantic era	[ "Culture\n\nIn 1795, the Prussian linguist and philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) called for an anthropology that would synthesize Kant's and Herder's interests. During the Romantic era, scholars in Germany, especially those concerned with nationalist movements—such as the nationalist struggle to create a...
5727f7802ca10214002d9a60	What was the German name given for the creation of this culture during the Romantic era?	Weltanschauung	[ "Culture\n\nIn 1795, the Prussian linguist and philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) called for an anthropology that would synthesize Kant's and Herder's interests. During the Romantic era, scholars in Germany, especially those concerned with nationalist movements—such as the nationalist struggle to create a...
5727f88a4b864d19001640f2	According to Bastian, what did he believe all human societies shared?	elementary ideas	[ "Culture\n\nIn 1860, Adolf Bastian (1826–1905) argued for \"the psychic unity of mankind\". He proposed that a scientific comparison of all human societies would reveal that distinct worldviews consisted of the same basic elements. According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of \"elementary ideas\" (Eleme...
5727f88a4b864d19001640f3	What was the name of the person argued for "The psychic unity of mankind"?	Adolf Bastian	[ "Culture\n\nIn 1860, Adolf Bastian (1826–1905) argued for \"the psychic unity of mankind\". He proposed that a scientific comparison of all human societies would reveal that distinct worldviews consisted of the same basic elements. According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of \"elementary ideas\" (Eleme...
5727f88a4b864d19001640f4	Who trained under Bastian's ideas on culture?	Franz Boas	[ "Culture\n\nIn 1860, Adolf Bastian (1826–1905) argued for \"the psychic unity of mankind\". He proposed that a scientific comparison of all human societies would reveal that distinct worldviews consisted of the same basic elements. According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of \"elementary ideas\" (Eleme...
5727fa303acd2414000df137	What did culture refer to in practice?	élite ideal	[ "Culture\n\nIn practice, culture referred to an élite ideal and was associated with such activities as art, classical music, and haute cuisine. As these forms were associated with urban life, \"culture\" was identified with \"civilization\" (from lat. civitas, city). Another facet of the Romantic movement was an in...
5727fa303acd2414000df138	What was associated with culture during this German practice?	art, classical music, and haute cuisine	[ "Culture\n\nIn practice, culture referred to an élite ideal and was associated with such activities as art, classical music, and haute cuisine. As these forms were associated with urban life, \"culture\" was identified with \"civilization\" (from lat. civitas, city). Another facet of the Romantic movement was an in...
5727fa303acd2414000df139	Art and music were some of these forms of cultural related to what type of living?	urban life	[ "Culture\n\nIn practice, culture referred to an élite ideal and was associated with such activities as art, classical music, and haute cuisine. As these forms were associated with urban life, \"culture\" was identified with \"civilization\" (from lat. civitas, city). Another facet of the Romantic movement was an in...
5727fa303acd2414000df13a	The idea of culture in Europe in the 19th century reflected what during this time period?	inequalities within European societies.	[ "Culture\n\nIn practice, culture referred to an élite ideal and was associated with such activities as art, classical music, and haute cuisine. As these forms were associated with urban life, \"culture\" was identified with \"civilization\" (from lat. civitas, city). Another facet of the Romantic movement was an in...
5727fdad2ca10214002d9ad2	How did Matthew Arnold view "Culture" with?	anarchy	[ "Culture\n\nMatthew Arnold contrasted \"culture\" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted \"culture\" with \"the state of nature\". According to Hobbes and Rousseau, the Native Americans who were being conquered by Europeans from the 16th centuries o...
5727fdad2ca10214002d9ad3	Which two philosophers contrasted "culture" with the state of nature?	Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau	[ "Culture\n\nMatthew Arnold contrasted \"culture\" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted \"culture\" with \"the state of nature\". According to Hobbes and Rousseau, the Native Americans who were being conquered by Europeans from the 16th centuries o...
5727fdad2ca10214002d9ad4	Which race was considered living "in a state of nature" by the Europeans?	Native Americans	[ "Culture\n\nMatthew Arnold contrasted \"culture\" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted \"culture\" with \"the state of nature\". According to Hobbes and Rousseau, the Native Americans who were being conquered by Europeans from the 16th centuries o...
5727fdad2ca10214002d9ad5	"In a state of nature" was divided into two groups, what where they?	"civilized" and "uncivilized."	[ "Culture\n\nMatthew Arnold contrasted \"culture\" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted \"culture\" with \"the state of nature\". According to Hobbes and Rousseau, the Native Americans who were being conquered by Europeans from the 16th centuries o...
5727fec0ff5b5019007d9a72	What type of music did critics associate with corrupt high culture?	folk music	[ "Culture\n\nOther 19th-century critics, following Rousseau have accepted this differentiation between higher and lower culture, but have seen the refinement and sophistication of high culture as corrupting and unnatural developments that obscure and distort people's essential nature. These critics considered folk m...
5727fec0ff5b5019007d9a73	Which type of music seemed superficial and decadent?	classical music	[ "Culture\n\nOther 19th-century critics, following Rousseau have accepted this differentiation between higher and lower culture, but have seen the refinement and sophistication of high culture as corrupting and unnatural developments that obscure and distort people's essential nature. These critics considered folk m...
5727fec0ff5b5019007d9a74	What was another name used for the corrupted high culture of the indigenous people?	noble savages	[ "Culture\n\nOther 19th-century critics, following Rousseau have accepted this differentiation between higher and lower culture, but have seen the refinement and sophistication of high culture as corrupting and unnatural developments that obscure and distort people's essential nature. These critics considered folk m...
5728004a3acd2414000df1e1	Who's definition of culture did anthropologist accept?	Tylor's	[ "Culture\n\nAlthough anthropologists worldwide refer to Tylor's definition of culture, in the 20th century \"culture\" emerged as the central and unifying concept of American anthropology, where it most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to com...
5728004a3acd2414000df1e2	What four fields make up American anthropology which play a vital role on its research of culture?	biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, cultural anthropology, and archaeology.	[ "Culture\n\nAlthough anthropologists worldwide refer to Tylor's definition of culture, in the 20th century \"culture\" emerged as the central and unifying concept of American anthropology, where it most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to com...
5728004a3acd2414000df1e3	In which century did "culture" as a central concept of American anthropology emerge?	20th century	[ "Culture\n\nAlthough anthropologists worldwide refer to Tylor's definition of culture, in the 20th century \"culture\" emerged as the central and unifying concept of American anthropology, where it most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to com...
572802a8ff5b5019007d9adc	Who referred to culture as a cultivation of individuals?	Georg Simmel	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture concerns culture—usually understood as the ensemble of symbolic codes used by a society—as manifested in society. For Georg Simmel (1858–1918), culture referred to \"the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been objectified in the course of ...
572802a8ff5b5019007d9add	What makes up the sociological parts of culture according to Simmel?	ways of thinking, the ways of acting, and the material objects	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture concerns culture—usually understood as the ensemble of symbolic codes used by a society—as manifested in society. For Georg Simmel (1858–1918), culture referred to \"the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been objectified in the course of ...
572802a8ff5b5019007d9ade	What does non-material culture refer to?	non physical ideas	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture concerns culture—usually understood as the ensemble of symbolic codes used by a society—as manifested in society. For Georg Simmel (1858–1918), culture referred to \"the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been objectified in the course of ...
572802a8ff5b5019007d9adf	The term material culture is only relevant to what?	archeological and anthropological studies	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture concerns culture—usually understood as the ensemble of symbolic codes used by a society—as manifested in society. For Georg Simmel (1858–1918), culture referred to \"the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been objectified in the course of ...
5728040b4b864d1900164234	Where did sociology culture stem from?	Weimar Germany	[ "Culture\n\nCultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then \"reinvented\" in the English-speaking world as a product of the \"cultural turn\" of the 1960s, which ushered in struc...
5728040b4b864d1900164235	Who was the first to refer to culture as sociology?	Alfred Weber	[ "Culture\n\nCultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then \"reinvented\" in the English-speaking world as a product of the \"cultural turn\" of the 1960s, which ushered in struc...
5728040b4b864d1900164236	What do cultural sociologist tend to reject as key attribute of culture?	scientific methods	[ "Culture\n\nCultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then \"reinvented\" in the English-speaking world as a product of the \"cultural turn\" of the 1960s, which ushered in struc...
5728071d4b864d190016427c	Which three early theorist helped shape sociology of culture?	Marx, Durkheim, and Weber	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Par...
5728071d4b864d190016427d	What were the early concerns for the field of Sociology culture?	popular culture, political control, and social class	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Par...
5728071d4b864d190016427e	What is most of the research into sociological culture ?	qualitative	[ "Culture\n\nThe sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Par...
572808a2ff5b5019007d9b72	Which scientist was influenced by Marxism in the United Kingdom?	Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988)	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified \"culture\" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, musi...
572808a2ff5b5019007d9b73	What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams they identify culture as?	consumption goods and leisure activities	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified \"culture\" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, musi...
572808a2ff5b5019007d9b74	What made up Leisure activities and goods as viewed by Marxist?	art, music, film, food, sports, and clothing	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified \"culture\" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, musi...
572808a2ff5b5019007d9b75	What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on class relations and the organization of production?	saw patterns of consumption and leisure	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified \"culture\" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, musi...
572809bfff5b5019007d9b8e	In the U.S what does "Cultural Studies" focus largely on in this field?	popular culture	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United States, \"Cultural Studies\" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since b...
572809bfff5b5019007d9b8f	Who first coined the term "Cultural Studies" in the United States?	Richard Hoggart	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United States, \"Cultural Studies\" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since b...
572809bfff5b5019007d9b90	What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1964?	Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United States, \"Cultural Studies\" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since b...
572809bfff5b5019007d9b91	The CCCS has since been associated with who?	Stuart Hall	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United States, \"Cultural Studies\" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since b...
57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc4	Who did Stuart Hall work along side with?	Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie	[ "Culture\n\nFrom the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, l...
57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc5	What did Stuart and his colleagues create?	international intellectual movement.	[ "Culture\n\nFrom the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, l...
57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc6	In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often concentrate on?	matters of ideology, nationality, ethnicity, social class, and/or gender	[ "Culture\n\nFrom the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, l...
57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc7	Capitalism can be referred to as what process?	a process called globalization	[ "Culture\n\nFrom the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, l...
57280ddfff5b5019007d9be6	The idea of text in cultural studies can include what forms other than written language?	films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles	[ "Culture\n\nIn the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of \"culture\". \"C...
57280ddfff5b5019007d9be7	Which two practices have become the main focus in cultural studies?	high culture (the culture of ruling social groups) and popular culture	[ "Culture\n\nIn the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of \"culture\". \"C...
57280ddfff5b5019007d9be8	What makes up cooperative cultural studies?	based on the disciplines of comparative literature and cultural studies	[ "Culture\n\nIn the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of \"culture\". \"C...
57280eea3acd2414000df353	Around when did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop different versions of cultural studies?	late 1970s	[ "Culture\n\nScholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, a...
57280eea3acd2414000df354	When did the British version of cultural studies emerge?	1950s and 1960s	[ "Culture\n\nScholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, a...
57280eea3acd2414000df355	Who had influenced cultural studies in the U.K?	Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of Stuart Hall	[ "Culture\n\nScholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, a...
57280eea3acd2414000df356	Which University did research of cultural studies take place under CCCS?	the University of Birmingham	[ "Culture\n\nScholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, a...
57281099ff5b5019007d9c42	Which two wrote Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition?	Lindlof and Taylor	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, \"Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition\". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass ...
57281099ff5b5019007d9c43	From a Marxist view, what did they believe had to be controlled to essentially control a culture?	the economic base	[ "Culture\n\nIn the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, \"Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition\". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass ...
572818dfff5b5019007d9d2a	How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believed cultural change can be based on?	29 ways	[ "Culture\n\nRaimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernizatio...
572818dfff5b5019007d9d2b	What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be similar or related to?	enlightenment	[ "Culture\n\nRaimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernizatio...
572818dfff5b5019007d9d2c	What type of society was seen that came from Raimon's 29 ways?	secular society	[ "Culture\n\nRaimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernizatio...
5727b786ff5b5019007d9346	What is the third hottest desert in the world?	The Sahara	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʾ al-kubrā , 'the Greatest Desert') is the largest hot desert in the world. It is the third largest desert after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its surface area of 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)[citation needed]—including the Libyan Desert—is compar...
5727ba822ca10214002d94dc	What is the third largest desert in the world?	The Sahara	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʾ al-kubrā , 'the Greatest Desert') is the largest hot desert in the world. It is the third largest desert after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its surface area of 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)[citation needed]—including the Libyan Desert—is compar...
5727ba822ca10214002d94dd	What is the surface area of the Sahara Desert?	9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʾ al-kubrā , 'the Greatest Desert') is the largest hot desert in the world. It is the third largest desert after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its surface area of 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)[citation needed]—including the Libyan Desert—is compar...
5727ba822ca10214002d94de	What is the hottest desert in the world?	Sahara	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʾ al-kubrā , 'the Greatest Desert') is the largest hot desert in the world. It is the third largest desert after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its surface area of 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)[citation needed]—including the Libyan Desert—is compar...
5727cb242ca10214002d9666	What is the central part of the Sahara Desert?	hyperarid	[ "Sahara\n\nThe central part of the Sahara is hyperarid, with little to no vegetation. The northern and southern reaches of the desert, along with the highlands, have areas of sparse grassland and desert shrub, with trees and taller shrubs in wadis where moisture collects. In the central, hyperarid part, there are m...
5727cb242ca10214002d9667	What does the Sahara have little to none of?	The northern and southern reaches of the desert	[ "Sahara\n\nThe central part of the Sahara is hyperarid, with little to no vegetation. The northern and southern reaches of the desert, along with the highlands, have areas of sparse grassland and desert shrub, with trees and taller shrubs in wadis where moisture collects. In the central, hyperarid part, there are m...
5727cb242ca10214002d9668	The northern and southern reaches of the desert are spare of what items?	grassland and desert shrub	[ "Sahara\n\nThe central part of the Sahara is hyperarid, with little to no vegetation. The northern and southern reaches of the desert, along with the highlands, have areas of sparse grassland and desert shrub, with trees and taller shrubs in wadis where moisture collects. In the central, hyperarid part, there are m...
5727cbd8ff5b5019007d956f	What does the Sahara have little of?	The northern and southern reaches of the desert	[ "Sahara\n\nThe central part of the Sahara is hyperarid, with little to no vegetation. The northern and southern reaches of the desert, along with the highlands, have areas of sparse grassland and desert shrub, with trees and taller shrubs in wadis where moisture collects. In the central, hyperarid part, there are m...
5727cbd8ff5b5019007d9571	How often does the Sahara go without rainfall?	years	[ "Sahara\n\nThe central part of the Sahara is hyperarid, with little to no vegetation. The northern and southern reaches of the desert, along with the highlands, have areas of sparse grassland and desert shrub, with trees and taller shrubs in wadis where moisture collects. In the central, hyperarid part, there are m...
5727d3f54b864d1900163e0a	What sea is North of the Sahara Desert?	Mediterranean Sea	[ "Sahara\n\nTo the north, the Sahara skirts the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt and portions of Libya, but in Cyrenaica and the Maghreb, the Sahara borders the Mediterranean forest, woodland, and scrub ecoregions of northern Africa, all of which have a Mediterranean climate characterized by hot summers and cool and rainy...
5727d9374b864d1900163e78	What is to the south of the Sahara?	Sahel	[ "Sahara\n\nTo the south, the Sahara is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of dry tropical savanna with a summer rainy season that extends across Africa from east to west. The southern limit of the Sahara is indicated botanically by the southern limit of Cornulaca monacantha (a drought-tolerant member of the Chenopodiacea...
5727d9374b864d1900163e79	What kind of climate does the Sahel have?	dry tropical	[ "Sahara\n\nTo the south, the Sahara is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of dry tropical savanna with a summer rainy season that extends across Africa from east to west. The southern limit of the Sahara is indicated botanically by the southern limit of Cornulaca monacantha (a drought-tolerant member of the Chenopodiacea...
5727d9374b864d1900163e7a	What is the long term precipitation average of the Sahara?	150 mm	[ "Sahara\n\nTo the south, the Sahara is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of dry tropical savanna with a summer rainy season that extends across Africa from east to west. The southern limit of the Sahara is indicated botanically by the southern limit of Cornulaca monacantha (a drought-tolerant member of the Chenopodiacea...
5727dff64b864d1900163f02	What is the world's largest low latitude hot desert?	Sahara	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady desc...
5727dff64b864d1900163f03	What ares is the Sahara located in?	horse latitudes	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady desc...
5727dff64b864d1900163f04	What makes it difficult for clouds to form?	sinking air	[ "Sahara\n\nThe Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady desc...
5727e65b4b864d1900163f8a	What allows unhindered light and thermal radiation?	dissolution of clouds	[ "Sahara\n\nThe permanent dissolution of clouds allows unhindered light and thermal radiation. The stability of the atmosphere above the desert prevents any convective overturning, thus making rainfall virtually non-existent. As a consequence, the weather tends to be sunny, dry and stable with a minimal risk of rain...
5727e65b4b864d1900163f8b	What weather is virtually non-existent?	rainfall	[ "Sahara\n\nThe permanent dissolution of clouds allows unhindered light and thermal radiation. The stability of the atmosphere above the desert prevents any convective overturning, thus making rainfall virtually non-existent. As a consequence, the weather tends to be sunny, dry and stable with a minimal risk of rain...
5727e65b4b864d1900163f8c	Where is the air the strongest?	eastern part of the Great Desert	[ "Sahara\n\nThe permanent dissolution of clouds allows unhindered light and thermal radiation. The stability of the atmosphere above the desert prevents any convective overturning, thus making rainfall virtually non-existent. As a consequence, the weather tends to be sunny, dry and stable with a minimal risk of rain...
5728c1b12ca10214002da720	What section of the Sahara's cloud cover are the most accentuated?	eastern	[ "Sahara\n\nThe rainfall inhibition and the dissipation of cloud cover are most accentuated over the eastern section of the Sahara rather than the western. The prevailing air mass lying above the Sahara is the continental tropical (cT) air mass which is hot and dry. Hot, dry air masses primarily form over the North-...
5728c1b12ca10214002da721	What is the air mass lying above the Sahara?	hot and dry	[ "Sahara\n\nThe rainfall inhibition and the dissipation of cloud cover are most accentuated over the eastern section of the Sahara rather than the western. The prevailing air mass lying above the Sahara is the continental tropical (cT) air mass which is hot and dry. Hot, dry air masses primarily form over the North-...
5728c1b12ca10214002da722	What part of the country does the air masses primarily form over?	North-African desert	[ "Sahara\n\nThe rainfall inhibition and the dissipation of cloud cover are most accentuated over the eastern section of the Sahara rather than the western. The prevailing air mass lying above the Sahara is the continental tropical (cT) air mass which is hot and dry. Hot, dry air masses primarily form over the North-...
5728c2302ca10214002da72c	What is blocked due to local surface low pressure?	air ascent	[ "Sahara\n\nThe effects of local surface low pressure are extremely limited because upper-level subsidence still continues to block any form of air ascent. Also, to be protected against rain-bearing weather systems by the atmospheric circulation itself, the desert is made even drier by his geographical configuration...
5728c2302ca10214002da72d	What mountain helps enhance the aridity of the desert?	Atlas Mountains	[ "Sahara\n\nThe effects of local surface low pressure are extremely limited because upper-level subsidence still continues to block any form of air ascent. Also, to be protected against rain-bearing weather systems by the atmospheric circulation itself, the desert is made even drier by his geographical configuration...
5728c2302ca10214002da72e	Where are the Atlas Mountains located?	Algeria	[ "Sahara\n\nThe effects of local surface low pressure are extremely limited because upper-level subsidence still continues to block any form of air ascent. Also, to be protected against rain-bearing weather systems by the atmospheric circulation itself, the desert is made even drier by his geographical configuration...
5728c2f02ca10214002da732	What is the primary source of rain in the Sahara?	low-pressure systems	[ "Sahara\n\nThe primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack ...
5728c2f02ca10214002da733	What is the reason the Sahara lacks moisture?	lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism	[ "Sahara\n\nThe primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack ...
5728c2f02ca10214002da734	What does the desert have to overcome?	barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation	[ "Sahara\n\nThe primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack ...
5728c2f02ca10214002da735	What is the temperature like year around in the desert?	high temperatures year-round	[ "Sahara\n\nThe primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack ...
5728c4163acd2414000dfddf	What is the largest hottest continuously large area worldwide?	the Great Desert	[ "Sahara\n\nThe sky is usually clear above the desert and the sunshine duration is extremely high everywhere in the Sahara. Most of the desert enjoys more than 3,600 h of bright sunshine annually or over 82% of the time and a wide area in the eastern part experiences in excess of 4,000 h of bright sunshine a year or...
5728c4163acd2414000dfde0	What is the value temperature of most of the desert?	25 °C	[ "Sahara\n\nThe sky is usually clear above the desert and the sunshine duration is extremely high everywhere in the Sahara. Most of the desert enjoys more than 3,600 h of bright sunshine annually or over 82% of the time and a wide area in the eastern part experiences in excess of 4,000 h of bright sunshine a year or...
5728c4163acd2414000dfde1	What percent of time is the sun generally over most of the desert?	82% of the time	[ "Sahara\n\nThe sky is usually clear above the desert and the sunshine duration is extremely high everywhere in the Sahara. Most of the desert enjoys more than 3,600 h of bright sunshine annually or over 82% of the time and a wide area in the eastern part experiences in excess of 4,000 h of bright sunshine a year or...
5728c4163acd2414000dfde2	What is the annual average direct solar irradiation?	around 2,800 kWh/(m2 year)	[ "Sahara\n\nThe sky is usually clear above the desert and the sunshine duration is extremely high everywhere in the Sahara. Most of the desert enjoys more than 3,600 h of bright sunshine annually or over 82% of the time and a wide area in the eastern part experiences in excess of 4,000 h of bright sunshine a year or...
5728c4163acd2414000dfde3	During daytime how high can the temperatures reach?	80 °C (176 °F)	[ "Sahara\n\nThe sky is usually clear above the desert and the sunshine duration is extremely high everywhere in the Sahara. Most of the desert enjoys more than 3,600 h of bright sunshine annually or over 82% of the time and a wide area in the eastern part experiences in excess of 4,000 h of bright sunshine a year or...
5728c4ee3acd2414000dfdfb	What is the reason the northern fringe receives more cloudiness and rainfall?	low pressure systems	[ "Sahara\n\nThe average annual rainfall ranges from very low in the northern and southern fringes of the desert to nearly non-existent over the central and the eastern part. The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediter...
5728c4ee3acd2414000dfdfc	What is the average rainfall of the Sahara?	less than 1 mm	[ "Sahara\n\nThe average annual rainfall ranges from very low in the northern and southern fringes of the desert to nearly non-existent over the central and the eastern part. The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediter...
5728c4ee3acd2414000dfdfd	How much desert land is the Sahara?	9,000,000 km2 of desert land	[ "Sahara\n\nThe average annual rainfall ranges from very low in the northern and southern fringes of the desert to nearly non-existent over the central and the eastern part. The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediter...
5728c4ee3acd2414000dfdfe	What causes the southern fringe to receive cloudiness and rainfall?	Intertropical Convergence Zone	[ "Sahara\n\nThe average annual rainfall ranges from very low in the northern and southern fringes of the desert to nearly non-existent over the central and the eastern part. The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediter...
5728c5644b864d1900164dbe	Which directions does the South Saharan run?	east and west	[ "Sahara\n\nThe South Saharan steppe and woodlands ecoregion is a narrow band running east and west between the hyper-arid Sahara and the Sahel savannas to the south. Movements of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bring summer rains during July and August which average 100 to 200 mm (3.9 to 7.9 in...
5728c5644b864d1900164dbf	What months do the summer rains happen?	July and August	[ "Sahara\n\nThe South Saharan steppe and woodlands ecoregion is a narrow band running east and west between the hyper-arid Sahara and the Sahel savannas to the south. Movements of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bring summer rains during July and August which average 100 to 200 mm (3.9 to 7.9 in...
5728c5644b864d1900164dc0	What is the average rainfall between the months of July and August?	100 to 200 mm	[ "Sahara\n\nThe South Saharan steppe and woodlands ecoregion is a narrow band running east and west between the hyper-arid Sahara and the Sahel savannas to the south. Movements of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bring summer rains during July and August which average 100 to 200 mm (3.9 to 7.9 in...
5728c5644b864d1900164dc1	How much land does the ecoregion cover?	1,101,700 km2 (425,400 mi2)	[ "Sahara\n\nThe South Saharan steppe and woodlands ecoregion is a narrow band running east and west between the hyper-arid Sahara and the Sahel savannas to the south. Movements of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bring summer rains during July and August which average 100 to 200 mm (3.9 to 7.9 in...

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