id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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5728c53f4b864d1900164db6 | What Estonia view itself as after winning independence? | the gateway between East and West | [
"Estonia\n\nSince re-establishing independence, Estonia has styled itself as the gateway between East and West and aggressively pursued economic reform and integration with the West. Estonia's market reforms put it among the economic leaders in the former COMECON area.[citation needed] In 1994, based on the economi... |
5728c53f4b864d1900164db7 | What year did Estonia establish a flat tax? | 1994 | [
"Estonia\n\nSince re-establishing independence, Estonia has styled itself as the gateway between East and West and aggressively pursued economic reform and integration with the West. Estonia's market reforms put it among the economic leaders in the former COMECON area.[citation needed] In 1994, based on the economi... |
5728c53f4b864d1900164db8 | Who was the source of influence for the flat tax? | Milton Friedman | [
"Estonia\n\nSince re-establishing independence, Estonia has styled itself as the gateway between East and West and aggressively pursued economic reform and integration with the West. Estonia's market reforms put it among the economic leaders in the former COMECON area.[citation needed] In 1994, based on the economi... |
5728c53f4b864d1900164db9 | What was tax rate imposed on the personal income? | a uniform rate of 26% | [
"Estonia\n\nSince re-establishing independence, Estonia has styled itself as the gateway between East and West and aggressively pursued economic reform and integration with the West. Estonia's market reforms put it among the economic leaders in the former COMECON area.[citation needed] In 1994, based on the economi... |
5728c5e62ca10214002da780 | What was the worst economic year for Estonia after winning independence? | 1999 | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 1999, Estonia experienced its worst year economically since it regained independence in 1991, largely because of the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis.[citation needed] Estonia joined the WTO in November 1999. With assistance from the European Union, the World Bank and the Nordic Investment... |
5728c5e62ca10214002da781 | What year did Estonia reclaim their independence? | 1991 | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 1999, Estonia experienced its worst year economically since it regained independence in 1991, largely because of the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis.[citation needed] Estonia joined the WTO in November 1999. With assistance from the European Union, the World Bank and the Nordic Investment... |
5728c5e62ca10214002da782 | What event played a major part in the decline of the economy during 1999? | the 1998 Russian financial crisis | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 1999, Estonia experienced its worst year economically since it regained independence in 1991, largely because of the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis.[citation needed] Estonia joined the WTO in November 1999. With assistance from the European Union, the World Bank and the Nordic Investment... |
5728c5e62ca10214002da783 | When did Estonia unite with the WTO? | November 1999 | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 1999, Estonia experienced its worst year economically since it regained independence in 1991, largely because of the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis.[citation needed] Estonia joined the WTO in November 1999. With assistance from the European Union, the World Bank and the Nordic Investment... |
5728c6a94b864d1900164dd6 | What lacking resource does Estonia depend on other countries for? | energy | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia is a dependent country in the terms of energy and energy production. In recent years many local and foreign companies have been investing in renewable energy sources.[citation needed] The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy pr... |
5728c6a94b864d1900164dd7 | What type of energy production as many companies been investing in recent years? | renewable energy sources | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia is a dependent country in the terms of energy and energy production. In recent years many local and foreign companies have been investing in renewable energy sources.[citation needed] The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy pr... |
5728c6a94b864d1900164dd8 | What energy source has been increasing in Estonia? | wind power | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia is a dependent country in the terms of energy and energy production. In recent years many local and foreign companies have been investing in renewable energy sources.[citation needed] The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy pr... |
5728c6a94b864d1900164dd9 | What is total amount of energy production from wind power? | nearly 60 MW | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia is a dependent country in the terms of energy and energy production. In recent years many local and foreign companies have been investing in renewable energy sources.[citation needed] The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy pr... |
5728c74d2ca10214002da7a4 | In what region does Estonia hold one of the highest per capita income levels? | Eastern | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe. Proximity to the Scandinavian markets, its location between the East and West, competitive cost structure and a highly skilled labour force have been the major Estonian comparat... |
5728c74d2ca10214002da7a5 | Being close to what commercial area gives Estonia a competitive advantage? | Scandinavian markets | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe. Proximity to the Scandinavian markets, its location between the East and West, competitive cost structure and a highly skilled labour force have been the major Estonian comparat... |
5728c74d2ca10214002da7a6 | What is a major trait of the Estonian employed workers? | highly skilled | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe. Proximity to the Scandinavian markets, its location between the East and West, competitive cost structure and a highly skilled labour force have been the major Estonian comparat... |
5728c74d2ca10214002da7a7 | What is the largest city in Estonia? | Tallinn | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe. Proximity to the Scandinavian markets, its location between the East and West, competitive cost structure and a highly skilled labour force have been the major Estonian comparat... |
5728c8262ca10214002da7b6 | When did a huge deficit and rising inflation place pressure on Estonia's currency? | 2007 | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries. Estonia exports mainly machinery and equipment, wood and paper, textiles, food products, furniture, a... |
5728c8262ca10214002da7b7 | What area of commerce did Estonia need to expand? | export-generating industries | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries. Estonia exports mainly machinery and equipment, wood and paper, textiles, food products, furniture, a... |
5728c8262ca10214002da7b8 | How much electricity is imported by Estonia annually? | 200 million kilowatt hours | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries. Estonia exports mainly machinery and equipment, wood and paper, textiles, food products, furniture, a... |
5728c8262ca10214002da7b9 | How much electricity is exported by Estonia annually? | 1.562 billion kilowatt hours | [
"Estonia\n\nIn 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries. Estonia exports mainly machinery and equipment, wood and paper, textiles, food products, furniture, a... |
5728c8c03acd2414000dfe59 | How much money did Estonia receive from European Union Structural Funds between 2007 and 2013? | 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 2007 and 2013, Estonia receives 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports by creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia ever. Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energ... |
5728c8c03acd2414000dfe5a | What year was the start of investments from the European Union Structural Funds? | 2007 | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 2007 and 2013, Estonia receives 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports by creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia ever. Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energ... |
5728c8c03acd2414000dfe5b | What year was the end of investments from the European Union Structural Funds? | 2013 | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 2007 and 2013, Estonia receives 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports by creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia ever. Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energ... |
5728c96c4b864d1900164e20 | What period did the amount of ethnic Estonians drop by 61%? | Between 1945 and 1989 | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 1945 and 1989, the share of ethnic Estonians in the population resident within the currently defined boundaries of Estonia dropped to 61%, caused primarily by the Soviet programme promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as by wartime emig... |
5728c96c4b864d1900164e21 | What trend caused the drop of ethnic Estonians? | mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 1945 and 1989, the share of ethnic Estonians in the population resident within the currently defined boundaries of Estonia dropped to 61%, caused primarily by the Soviet programme promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as by wartime emig... |
5728c96c4b864d1900164e22 | Who ordered large scales of deportations and executions? | Joseph Stalin | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 1945 and 1989, the share of ethnic Estonians in the population resident within the currently defined boundaries of Estonia dropped to 61%, caused primarily by the Soviet programme promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as by wartime emig... |
5728c96c4b864d1900164e23 | What year did minorities in Estonia make up more than a third of the country? | 1989 | [
"Estonia\n\nBetween 1945 and 1989, the share of ethnic Estonians in the population resident within the currently defined boundaries of Estonia dropped to 61%, caused primarily by the Soviet programme promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as by wartime emig... |
5728ca18ff5b5019007da6b0 | How did Estonians view the demographic change of less ethnic Estonians? | a national catastrophe | [
"Estonia\n\nAt the end of the 1980s, Estonians perceived their demographic change as a national catastrophe. This was a result of the migration policies essential to the Soviet Nationalisation Programme aiming to russify Estonia – administrative and military immigration of non-Estonians from the USSR coupled with t... |
5728ca18ff5b5019007da6b1 | What Russian institutions were removed in the decade following Estonia's reclaim of independence? | Russian military bases | [
"Estonia\n\nAt the end of the 1980s, Estonians perceived their demographic change as a national catastrophe. This was a result of the migration policies essential to the Soviet Nationalisation Programme aiming to russify Estonia – administrative and military immigration of non-Estonians from the USSR coupled with t... |
5728ca18ff5b5019007da6b2 | What percentage of Estonians were ethnic in 2006? | 69% | [
"Estonia\n\nAt the end of the 1980s, Estonians perceived their demographic change as a national catastrophe. This was a result of the migration policies essential to the Soviet Nationalisation Programme aiming to russify Estonia – administrative and military immigration of non-Estonians from the USSR coupled with t... |
5728cbb5ff5b5019007da6c6 | What number of Estonia's counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian? | Thirteen | [
"Estonia\n\nModern Estonia is a fairly ethnically heterogeneous country, but this heterogeneity is not a feature of much of the country as the non-Estonian population is concentrated in two of Estonia's counties. Thirteen of Estonia's 15 counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian, the most homogeneous being Hiiumaa, whe... |
5728cbb5ff5b5019007da6c7 | How many counties are in Estonia? | 15 | [
"Estonia\n\nModern Estonia is a fairly ethnically heterogeneous country, but this heterogeneity is not a feature of much of the country as the non-Estonian population is concentrated in two of Estonia's counties. Thirteen of Estonia's 15 counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian, the most homogeneous being Hiiumaa, whe... |
5728cbb5ff5b5019007da6c8 | Which county in Estonia is the most uniform? | Hiiumaa | [
"Estonia\n\nModern Estonia is a fairly ethnically heterogeneous country, but this heterogeneity is not a feature of much of the country as the non-Estonian population is concentrated in two of Estonia's counties. Thirteen of Estonia's 15 counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian, the most homogeneous being Hiiumaa, whe... |
5728cbb5ff5b5019007da6c9 | What percentage accounts for the total number people living in Hiiumaa that are ethnic Estonians? | 98.4% | [
"Estonia\n\nModern Estonia is a fairly ethnically heterogeneous country, but this heterogeneity is not a feature of much of the country as the non-Estonian population is concentrated in two of Estonia's counties. Thirteen of Estonia's 15 counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian, the most homogeneous being Hiiumaa, whe... |
5728cbb5ff5b5019007da6ca | What number describes the percentage of Russian Estonians? | 25.6% | [
"Estonia\n\nModern Estonia is a fairly ethnically heterogeneous country, but this heterogeneity is not a feature of much of the country as the non-Estonian population is concentrated in two of Estonia's counties. Thirteen of Estonia's 15 counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian, the most homogeneous being Hiiumaa, whe... |
5728d0114b864d1900164ea2 | What year was the Estonian Cultural Autonomy law established? | 1925 | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to ... |
5728d0114b864d1900164ea3 | In 1925, what rule did Estonia create that was unique in Europe? | The Estonian Cultural Autonomy law | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to ... |
5728d0114b864d1900164ea4 | How many minorities were granted cultural autonomies? | more than 3,000 people | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to ... |
5728d0114b864d1900164ea5 | What groups of minorities could elect a cultural council before the Soviet occupation? | Germans and Jewish minorities | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to ... |
5728d0ccff5b5019007da728 | What document labeled the the description of the citizenship policy of Estonia as "discriminatory"? | The 2008 United Nations Human Rights Council report | [
"Estonia\n\nThe 2008 United Nations Human Rights Council report called \"extremely credible\" the description of the citizenship policy of Estonia as \"discriminatory\". According to surveys, only 5% of the Russian community have considered returning to Russia in the near future. Estonian Russians have developed th... |
5728d0ccff5b5019007da729 | What percentage of Estonian Russians have though of going back to Russia? | 5% | [
"Estonia\n\nThe 2008 United Nations Human Rights Council report called \"extremely credible\" the description of the citizenship policy of Estonia as \"discriminatory\". According to surveys, only 5% of the Russian community have considered returning to Russia in the near future. Estonian Russians have developed th... |
5728d0ccff5b5019007da72a | What proportion of Estonian Russians see themselves as different from their Russian counterparts? | more than half | [
"Estonia\n\nThe 2008 United Nations Human Rights Council report called \"extremely credible\" the description of the citizenship policy of Estonia as \"discriminatory\". According to surveys, only 5% of the Russian community have considered returning to Russia in the near future. Estonian Russians have developed th... |
5728d14fff5b5019007da738 | What guarantees freedom of religion for Estonian citizens? | Estonia's constitution | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, separation of church and state, and individual rights to privacy of belief and religion. According to the Dentsu Communication Institute Inc, Estonia is one of the least religious countries in the world, with 75.7% of the population claiming to be i... |
5728d14fff5b5019007da739 | Estonia's constitution declares the division of what parts of society? | separation of church and state | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, separation of church and state, and individual rights to privacy of belief and religion. According to the Dentsu Communication Institute Inc, Estonia is one of the least religious countries in the world, with 75.7% of the population claiming to be i... |
5728d14fff5b5019007da73a | What individual privacy rights are citizens granted? | belief and religion | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, separation of church and state, and individual rights to privacy of belief and religion. According to the Dentsu Communication Institute Inc, Estonia is one of the least religious countries in the world, with 75.7% of the population claiming to be i... |
5728d14fff5b5019007da73b | What percentage of Estonians claim no religion? | 75.7% | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, separation of church and state, and individual rights to privacy of belief and religion. According to the Dentsu Communication Institute Inc, Estonia is one of the least religious countries in the world, with 75.7% of the population claiming to be i... |
5728d1d7ff5b5019007da74a | What is the major group that believes in Eastern Orthodox Christianity? | Russian minority | [
"Estonia\n\nAnother major group, inhabitants who follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity, practised chiefly by the Russian minority, and the Russian Orthodox Church is the second largest denomination with 150,000 members. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims ... |
5728d1d7ff5b5019007da74b | Which religious group is the second largest with 150,000 members? | the Russian Orthodox Church | [
"Estonia\n\nAnother major group, inhabitants who follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity, practised chiefly by the Russian minority, and the Russian Orthodox Church is the second largest denomination with 150,000 members. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims ... |
5728d1d7ff5b5019007da74c | What religious group do Catholics in Estonia follow? | Latin Apostolic Administration of Estonia | [
"Estonia\n\nAnother major group, inhabitants who follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity, practised chiefly by the Russian minority, and the Russian Orthodox Church is the second largest denomination with 150,000 members. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims ... |
5728d26f3acd2414000dff5b | What language does Estonian share similar words with? | Germanic | [
"Estonia\n\nAlthough the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and German, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low ... |
5728d26f3acd2414000dff5c | What proportion of vocabulary did Estonia borrow from Germany? | nearly one third | [
"Estonia\n\nAlthough the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and German, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low ... |
5728d26f3acd2414000dff5d | What standard language did Estonia adopt during German rule? | High German | [
"Estonia\n\nAlthough the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and German, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low ... |
5728d26f3acd2414000dff5e | What percentage of the Estonia language includes Low Saxon words? | about 15 percent | [
"Estonia\n\nAlthough the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and German, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low ... |
5728d3294b864d1900164ee2 | What are the three levels of higher learning in Estonia? | bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies | [
"Estonia\n\nAcademic higher education in Estonia is divided into three levels: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies. In some specialties (basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry, architect-engineer, and a classroom teacher programme) the bachelor's and master's levels are integrated into one un... |
5728d3294b864d1900164ee3 | What medical fields have their bachelor's and master's levels combined into one unit? | basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry | [
"Estonia\n\nAcademic higher education in Estonia is divided into three levels: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies. In some specialties (basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry, architect-engineer, and a classroom teacher programme) the bachelor's and master's levels are integrated into one un... |
5728d3294b864d1900164ee4 | What do Estonian public universities have more of than higher education institutions? | autonomy | [
"Estonia\n\nAcademic higher education in Estonia is divided into three levels: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies. In some specialties (basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry, architect-engineer, and a classroom teacher programme) the bachelor's and master's levels are integrated into one un... |
5728d3294b864d1900164ee5 | What is the largest private university in Estonia? | Estonian Business School | [
"Estonia\n\nAcademic higher education in Estonia is divided into three levels: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies. In some specialties (basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry, architect-engineer, and a classroom teacher programme) the bachelor's and master's levels are integrated into one un... |
5728d3cd2ca10214002da8be | What is the main science institution in Estonia? | The Estonian Academy of Sciences | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in th... |
5728d3cd2ca10214002da8bf | What is the strongest research body that executes fundamental and applied research? | the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in th... |
5728d3cd2ca10214002da8c0 | What decade were the first computer centers created in Estonia? | the late 1950s | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in th... |
5728d3cd2ca10214002da8c1 | What cities were the locations of the first computer centers? | Tartu and Tallinn | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in th... |
5728d481ff5b5019007da7a8 | What virtues does modern Estonian society promote? | liberty and liberalism | [
"Estonia\n\nToday, Estonian society encourages liberty and liberalism, with popular commitment to the ideals of the limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption. The Protestant work ethic remains a significant cultural staple, and free education is a highly prized institution. Like the mainstre... |
5728d481ff5b5019007da7a9 | What size and power of government is popular in Estonia? | limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption | [
"Estonia\n\nToday, Estonian society encourages liberty and liberalism, with popular commitment to the ideals of the limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption. The Protestant work ethic remains a significant cultural staple, and free education is a highly prized institution. Like the mainstre... |
5728d481ff5b5019007da7aa | What is a highly prized fixture of Estonian society? | free education | [
"Estonia\n\nToday, Estonian society encourages liberty and liberalism, with popular commitment to the ideals of the limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption. The Protestant work ethic remains a significant cultural staple, and free education is a highly prized institution. Like the mainstre... |
5728d481ff5b5019007da7ab | What ideal does Estonia hold towards the environment? | closeness to nature | [
"Estonia\n\nToday, Estonian society encourages liberty and liberalism, with popular commitment to the ideals of the limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption. The Protestant work ethic remains a significant cultural staple, and free education is a highly prized institution. Like the mainstre... |
5728d51a4b864d1900164f06 | What institute provides education in art, design, and media? | The Estonian Academy of Arts | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construc... |
5728d51a4b864d1900164f07 | What institute promotes awareness of native culture? | Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construc... |
5728d51a4b864d1900164f08 | What parts of native culture does the Viljandi Culture Academy highlight? | native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construc... |
5728d51a4b864d1900164f09 | How many Estonian museums existed in 2010? | 245 | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construc... |
5728d5aa3acd2414000dffc5 | What name describes the Estonian Song Festivals? | Laulupidu | [
"Estonia\n\nThe tradition of Estonian Song Festivals (Laulupidu) started at the height of the Estonian national awakening in 1869. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. In 2004, about 100,000 people participated in the Song Festival. Since 1928, the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds (Laulu... |
5728d5aa3acd2414000dffc6 | What year did the tradition of Laulupidu start? | 1869 | [
"Estonia\n\nThe tradition of Estonian Song Festivals (Laulupidu) started at the height of the Estonian national awakening in 1869. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. In 2004, about 100,000 people participated in the Song Festival. Since 1928, the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds (Laulu... |
5728d5aa3acd2414000dffc7 | How many people celebrated Laulupidu in 2004? | about 100,000 people | [
"Estonia\n\nThe tradition of Estonian Song Festivals (Laulupidu) started at the height of the Estonian national awakening in 1869. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. In 2004, about 100,000 people participated in the Song Festival. Since 1928, the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds (Laulu... |
5728d5aa3acd2414000dffc8 | Where does Laulupidu usually take place? | the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds | [
"Estonia\n\nThe tradition of Estonian Song Festivals (Laulupidu) started at the height of the Estonian national awakening in 1869. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. In 2004, about 100,000 people participated in the Song Festival. Since 1928, the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds (Laulu... |
5728d5aa3acd2414000dffc9 | When does Laulupidu occur? | every five years in July | [
"Estonia\n\nThe tradition of Estonian Song Festivals (Laulupidu) started at the height of the Estonian national awakening in 1869. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. In 2004, about 100,000 people participated in the Song Festival. Since 1928, the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds (Laulu... |
5728d63f2ca10214002da904 | What year did Estonia win the Eurovision Song Contest? | 2001 | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2001 with the song \"Everybody\" performed by Tanel Padar and Dave Benton. In 2002, Estonia hosted the event. Maarja-Liis Ilus has competed for Estonia on two occasions (1996 and 1997), while Eda-Ines Etti, Koit Toome and Evelin Samuel owe their popularity part... |
5728d63f2ca10214002da905 | Who performed the song "Everybody"? | Tanel Padar and Dave Benton | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2001 with the song \"Everybody\" performed by Tanel Padar and Dave Benton. In 2002, Estonia hosted the event. Maarja-Liis Ilus has competed for Estonia on two occasions (1996 and 1997), while Eda-Ines Etti, Koit Toome and Evelin Samuel owe their popularity part... |
5728d63f2ca10214002da906 | What year did Estonia host the Eurovision Song Contest? | 2002 | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2001 with the song \"Everybody\" performed by Tanel Padar and Dave Benton. In 2002, Estonia hosted the event. Maarja-Liis Ilus has competed for Estonia on two occasions (1996 and 1997), while Eda-Ines Etti, Koit Toome and Evelin Samuel owe their popularity part... |
5728d63f2ca10214002da907 | What performer has represented Estonia two different times? | Maarja-Liis Ilus | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2001 with the song \"Everybody\" performed by Tanel Padar and Dave Benton. In 2002, Estonia hosted the event. Maarja-Liis Ilus has competed for Estonia on two occasions (1996 and 1997), while Eda-Ines Etti, Koit Toome and Evelin Samuel owe their popularity part... |
5728d63f2ca10214002da908 | What was the first ever Estonian song to hit the popular European charts? | "Rändajad" by Urban Symphony | [
"Estonia\n\nEstonia won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2001 with the song \"Everybody\" performed by Tanel Padar and Dave Benton. In 2002, Estonia hosted the event. Maarja-Liis Ilus has competed for Estonia on two occasions (1996 and 1997), while Eda-Ines Etti, Koit Toome and Evelin Samuel owe their popularity part... |
5728d6f84b864d1900164f34 | What event preceded the domination of Estonia by different European powers? | the Northern Crusades | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian literature refers to literature written in the Estonian language (ca. 1 million speakers). The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Germany, Sweden, and Russia resulted in few early written literary works in the Estonian language. The oldest re... |
5728d6f84b864d1900164f35 | Which three nations occupied Estonia up until 1918? | Germany, Sweden, and Russia | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian literature refers to literature written in the Estonian language (ca. 1 million speakers). The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Germany, Sweden, and Russia resulted in few early written literary works in the Estonian language. The oldest re... |
5728d6f84b864d1900164f36 | What era contains the oldest records of written Estonia works? | the 13th century | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian literature refers to literature written in the Estonian language (ca. 1 million speakers). The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Germany, Sweden, and Russia resulted in few early written literary works in the Estonian language. The oldest re... |
5728d6f84b864d1900164f37 | What document dated in 1241 contains place and family names? | The Liber Census Daniae | [
"Estonia\n\nThe Estonian literature refers to literature written in the Estonian language (ca. 1 million speakers). The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Germany, Sweden, and Russia resulted in few early written literary works in the Estonian language. The oldest re... |
5728d78e4b864d1900164f44 | Who was the most famous prose writer in early Estonian history? | Oskar Luts | [
"Estonia\n\nOskar Luts was the most prominent prose writer of the early Estonian literature, who is still widely read today, especially his lyrical school novel Kevade (Spring). Anton Hansen Tammsaare's social epic and psychological realist pentalogy Truth and Justice captured the evolution of Estonian society from... |
5728d78e4b864d1900164f45 | What is the name of lyrical novel written by Oskar Luts? | Kevade | [
"Estonia\n\nOskar Luts was the most prominent prose writer of the early Estonian literature, who is still widely read today, especially his lyrical school novel Kevade (Spring). Anton Hansen Tammsaare's social epic and psychological realist pentalogy Truth and Justice captured the evolution of Estonian society from... |
5728d78e4b864d1900164f46 | What is the name of the book written by Anton Hansen Tammsaare? | Truth and Justice | [
"Estonia\n\nOskar Luts was the most prominent prose writer of the early Estonian literature, who is still widely read today, especially his lyrical school novel Kevade (Spring). Anton Hansen Tammsaare's social epic and psychological realist pentalogy Truth and Justice captured the evolution of Estonian society from... |
5728d78e4b864d1900164f47 | Who wrote a book detailing Estonia's rise from peasants to independence? | Anton Hansen Tammsaare | [
"Estonia\n\nOskar Luts was the most prominent prose writer of the early Estonian literature, who is still widely read today, especially his lyrical school novel Kevade (Spring). Anton Hansen Tammsaare's social epic and psychological realist pentalogy Truth and Justice captured the evolution of Estonian society from... |
5728d8144b864d1900164f5c | Which medieval town is on the UNESCO World Heritage List? | Tallinn | [
"Estonia\n\nThe architectural history of Estonia mainly reflects its contemporary development in northern Europe. Worth mentioning is especially the architectural ensemble that makes out the medieval old town of Tallinn, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. In addition, the country has several unique, more o... |
5728d8144b864d1900164f5d | When were the preserved hill forts in Estonia built? | pre-Christian times | [
"Estonia\n\nThe architectural history of Estonia mainly reflects its contemporary development in northern Europe. Worth mentioning is especially the architectural ensemble that makes out the medieval old town of Tallinn, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. In addition, the country has several unique, more o... |
5728d8144b864d1900164f5e | What institutional structures still exist from medieval times? | castles and churches | [
"Estonia\n\nThe architectural history of Estonia mainly reflects its contemporary development in northern Europe. Worth mentioning is especially the architectural ensemble that makes out the medieval old town of Tallinn, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. In addition, the country has several unique, more o... |
5728d8be4b864d1900164f6a | What factors have influenced Estonian food for most of their history? | seasons and simple peasant food | [
"Estonia\n\nHistorically, the cuisine of Estonia has been heavily dependent on seasons and simple peasant food, which today is influenced by many countries. Today, it includes many typical international foods.[citation needed] The most typical foods in Estonia are black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products. Tr... |
5728d8be4b864d1900164f6b | What are the most common foods in Estonia? | black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products. | [
"Estonia\n\nHistorically, the cuisine of Estonia has been heavily dependent on seasons and simple peasant food, which today is influenced by many countries. Today, it includes many typical international foods.[citation needed] The most typical foods in Estonia are black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products. Tr... |
5728d8be4b864d1900164f6c | What fresh items do Estonians traditionally enjoy in summer and spring? | berries, herbs, vegetables | [
"Estonia\n\nHistorically, the cuisine of Estonia has been heavily dependent on seasons and simple peasant food, which today is influenced by many countries. Today, it includes many typical international foods.[citation needed] The most typical foods in Estonia are black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products. Tr... |
5728d8be4b864d1900164f6d | What food gathering behaviors are now seen as hobbies in modern Estonian culture? | Hunting and fishing | [
"Estonia\n\nHistorically, the cuisine of Estonia has been heavily dependent on seasons and simple peasant food, which today is influenced by many countries. Today, it includes many typical international foods.[citation needed] The most typical foods in Estonia are black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products. Tr... |
5728d95f2ca10214002da96e | What physical activity plays a major part in Estonian society? | Sport | [
"Estonia\n\nSport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was ann... |
5728d95f2ca10214002da96f | What year did Estonia declare independence from Russia? | 1918 | [
"Estonia\n\nSport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was ann... |
5728d95f2ca10214002da970 | What event did Estonia compete in as a nation for the first time ever? | the 1920 Summer Olympics | [
"Estonia\n\nSport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was ann... |
5728d95f2ca10214002da971 | What year was Estonia annexed by Russia? | 1940 | [
"Estonia\n\nSport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was ann... |
5728d95f2ca10214002da972 | What city hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta? | Tallinn | [
"Estonia\n\nSport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was ann... |
5728da2b2ca10214002da98c | What year did Estonia's basketball team first compete in the Summer Olympics | 1936 | [
"Estonia\n\nBasketball is also a notable sport in Estonia. Estonia national basketball team previously participated in 1936 Summer Olympics, appeared in EuroBasket four times. Estonia national team also qualified to EuroBasket 2015, which will be held in Ukraine. BC Kalev/Cramo, which participates in EuroCup, is th... |
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