id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
57294f546aef051400154ca0 | In Germany, wind power accounts for what percentage of electricity generated? | 6% | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSome of the second-generation renewables, such as wind power, have high potential and have already realised relatively low production costs. Global wind power installations increased by 35,800 MW in 2010, bringing total installed capacity up to 194,400 MW, a 22.5% increase on ... |
572950ad6aef051400154cb4 | How is the wind industry in the USA able to produce more power at lower cost? | by using taller wind turbines with longer blades | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2014, the wind industry in the USA is able to produce more power at lower cost by using taller wind turbines with longer blades, capturing the faster winds at higher elevations. This has opened up new opportunities and in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, the price of power f... |
572950ad6aef051400154cb5 | How tall are new wind turbines that are being built in Indiana, Michigan and Ohio? | 300 feet to 400 feet above the ground | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2014, the wind industry in the USA is able to produce more power at lower cost by using taller wind turbines with longer blades, capturing the faster winds at higher elevations. This has opened up new opportunities and in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, the price of power f... |
572950ad6aef051400154cb6 | Wind turbines in the USA can now compete with what type of fuel? | conventional fossil fuels like coal | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2014, the wind industry in the USA is able to produce more power at lower cost by using taller wind turbines with longer blades, capturing the faster winds at higher elevations. This has opened up new opportunities and in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, the price of power f... |
572950ad6aef051400154cb7 | Prices have fallen as low as what price? | 4 cents per kilowatt-hour | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2014, the wind industry in the USA is able to produce more power at lower cost by using taller wind turbines with longer blades, capturing the faster winds at higher elevations. This has opened up new opportunities and in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, the price of power f... |
572952116aef051400154cd6 | Where is the Ivanpah Solar Power Facility located? | California's Mojave Desert | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSolar thermal power stations include the 354 megawatt (MW) Solar Energy Generating Systems power plant in the USA, Solnova Solar Power Station (Spain, 150 MW), Andasol solar power station (Spain, 100 MW), Nevada Solar One (USA, 64 MW), PS20 solar power tower (Spain, 20 MW), an... |
572952116aef051400154cd7 | What is the world's largest solar-thermal power plant project currently under construction? | Ivanpah Solar Power Facility | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSolar thermal power stations include the 354 megawatt (MW) Solar Energy Generating Systems power plant in the USA, Solnova Solar Power Station (Spain, 150 MW), Andasol solar power station (Spain, 100 MW), Nevada Solar One (USA, 64 MW), PS20 solar power tower (Spain, 20 MW), an... |
572952116aef051400154cd8 | Where is the PS20 solar power tower located? | Spain | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSolar thermal power stations include the 354 megawatt (MW) Solar Energy Generating Systems power plant in the USA, Solnova Solar Power Station (Spain, 150 MW), Andasol solar power station (Spain, 100 MW), Nevada Solar One (USA, 64 MW), PS20 solar power tower (Spain, 20 MW), an... |
572952c9af94a219006aa29b | Nearly all gasoline sold in the U.S. is mixed with what percentage of ethanol? | 10 percent | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNearly all the gasoline sold in the United States today is mixed with 10 percent ethanol, a mix known as E10, and motor vehicle manufacturers already produce vehicles designed to run on much higher ethanol blends. Ford, DaimlerChrysler, and GM are among the automobile companie... |
572952c9af94a219006aa29c | What act calls for 7.5 billion US gallons of biofuels to be used annually by 2012? | The Energy Policy Act of 2005 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNearly all the gasoline sold in the United States today is mixed with 10 percent ethanol, a mix known as E10, and motor vehicle manufacturers already produce vehicles designed to run on much higher ethanol blends. Ford, DaimlerChrysler, and GM are among the automobile companie... |
572952c9af94a219006aa29d | Name one company that sells flexible-fuel cars? | GM | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNearly all the gasoline sold in the United States today is mixed with 10 percent ethanol, a mix known as E10, and motor vehicle manufacturers already produce vehicles designed to run on much higher ethanol blends. Ford, DaimlerChrysler, and GM are among the automobile companie... |
572955386aef051400154d06 | What can be made from plant matter composed primarily of inedible celllose fibers thta form the stems and branches of most plants? | Cellulosic ethanol | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAccording to the International Energy Agency, cellulosic ethanol biorefineries could allow biofuels to play a much bigger role in the future than organizations such as the IEA previously thought. Cellulosic ethanol can be made from plant matter composed primarily of inedible c... |
572955386aef051400154d07 | What are potential sources of cellulosic biomass? | Crop residues | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAccording to the International Energy Agency, cellulosic ethanol biorefineries could allow biofuels to play a much bigger role in the future than organizations such as the IEA previously thought. Cellulosic ethanol can be made from plant matter composed primarily of inedible c... |
572955386aef051400154d08 | What is a promising cellulose source that can be sustainably produced in many regions? | Dedicated energy crops | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAccording to the International Energy Agency, cellulosic ethanol biorefineries could allow biofuels to play a much bigger role in the future than organizations such as the IEA previously thought. Cellulosic ethanol can be made from plant matter composed primarily of inedible c... |
572956196aef051400154d0c | As of 2008, geothermal power development was underway in more than how many countries? | 40 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2008[update], geothermal power development was under way in more than 40 countries, partially attributable to the development of new technologies, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems. The development of binary cycle power plants and improvements in drilling and extractio... |
572956196aef051400154d0d | What is one new technology attributed to the growth of geothermal power? | Enhanced Geothermal Systems | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2008[update], geothermal power development was under way in more than 40 countries, partially attributable to the development of new technologies, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems. The development of binary cycle power plants and improvements in drilling and extractio... |
572956196aef051400154d0e | What is operational in the USA, Australia, Germany, France and The United Kingdom? | Demonstration EGS projects | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2008[update], geothermal power development was under way in more than 40 countries, partially attributable to the development of new technologies, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems. The development of binary cycle power plants and improvements in drilling and extractio... |
57295f18af94a219006aa33b | The PV industry has seen drops in module prices since what year? | 2008 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe PV industry has seen drops in module prices since 2008. In late 2011, factory-gate prices for crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules dropped below the $1.00/W mark. The $1.00/W installed cost, is often regarded in the PV industry as marking the achievement of grid parity... |
57295f18af94a219006aa33c | What is a sign that further price reductions are likely in coming years? | technological advancements | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe PV industry has seen drops in module prices since 2008. In late 2011, factory-gate prices for crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules dropped below the $1.00/W mark. The $1.00/W installed cost, is often regarded in the PV industry as marking the achievement of grid parity... |
57295f18af94a219006aa33d | What cost is often regarded as marking the achievment of grid parity for PV? | $1.00/W installed cost | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe PV industry has seen drops in module prices since 2008. In late 2011, factory-gate prices for crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules dropped below the $1.00/W mark. The $1.00/W installed cost, is often regarded in the PV industry as marking the achievement of grid parity... |
572961001d04691400779353 | Why do utility operators often reject renewable resources? | because they are trained to think only in terms of big, conventional power plants | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMany energy markets, institutions, and policies have been developed to support the production and use of fossil fuels. Newer and cleaner technologies may offer social and environmental benefits, but utility operators often reject renewable resources because they are trained to... |
572961001d04691400779354 | Why do consumers often ignore renewable power systems? | because they are not given accurate price signals about electricity consumption | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMany energy markets, institutions, and policies have been developed to support the production and use of fossil fuels. Newer and cleaner technologies may offer social and environmental benefits, but utility operators often reject renewable resources because they are trained to... |
572961001d04691400779355 | Who argued that some of the problems facing renewable energy are more about culture and institutions than engineering and science? | Benjamin K. Sovacool | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMany energy markets, institutions, and policies have been developed to support the production and use of fossil fuels. Newer and cleaner technologies may offer social and environmental benefits, but utility operators often reject renewable resources because they are trained to... |
572965381d04691400779399 | Lester Brown states that the market does not incorporate what? | the indirect costs of providing goods or services into prices | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nLester Brown states that the market \"does not incorporate the indirect costs of providing goods or services into prices, it does not value nature's services adequately, and it does not respect the sustainable-yield thresholds of natural systems\". It also favors the near term... |
572965381d0469140077939a | Who believes that the market does not value nature's service adequately? | Lester Brown | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nLester Brown states that the market \"does not incorporate the indirect costs of providing goods or services into prices, it does not value nature's services adequately, and it does not respect the sustainable-yield thresholds of natural systems\". It also favors the near term... |
572965381d0469140077939b | What can help over come the problems with the market? | Tax and subsidy shifting | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nLester Brown states that the market \"does not incorporate the indirect costs of providing goods or services into prices, it does not value nature's services adequately, and it does not respect the sustainable-yield thresholds of natural systems\". It also favors the near term... |
57296618af94a219006aa383 | What involves lowering income taxes while raising levies? | Tax shifting | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nTax shifting has been widely discussed and endorsed by economists. It involves lowering income taxes while raising levies on environmentally destructive activities, in order to create a more responsive market. For example, a tax on coal that included the increased health care ... |
57296618af94a219006aa384 | Several Western European companies are shifting taxes in a process known as what? | environmental tax reform | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nTax shifting has been widely discussed and endorsed by economists. It involves lowering income taxes while raising levies on environmentally destructive activities, in order to create a more responsive market. For example, a tax on coal that included the increased health care ... |
57296618af94a219006aa385 | What is the purpose of tax shifting? | to create a more responsive market | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nTax shifting has been widely discussed and endorsed by economists. It involves lowering income taxes while raising levies on environmentally destructive activities, in order to create a more responsive market. For example, a tax on coal that included the increased health care ... |
572967616aef051400154e24 | Besides tax shifting, what is another need? | subsidy shifting | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nJust as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 ... |
572967616aef051400154e25 | What was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government labs and reserach institutes? | the Internet | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nJust as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 ... |
572967616aef051400154e26 | What helped create the modern wind power industry? | federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nJust as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 ... |
5729683a1d046914007793bb | As of 2012, what accounts for about half of new nameplate electrical capacity? | renewable energy | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nRenewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years. First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hydroelectricity, geothermal... |
5729683a1d046914007793bc | What involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years? | Renewable energy commercialization | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nRenewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years. First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hydroelectricity, geothermal... |
5729683a1d046914007793bd | Name one second-generation technology that is market ready. | wind power | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nRenewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years. First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hydroelectricity, geothermal... |
57296a386aef051400154e40 | What group advocates leveling the playing field? | International Solar Energy Society | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nLester Brown has argued that \"a world facing the prospect of economically disruptive climate change can no longer justify subsidies to expand the burning of coal and oil. Shifting these subsidies to the development of climate-benign energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass... |
57296a386aef051400154e41 | How does the International Solar Energy Society propse to level the playing field? | by redressing the continuing inequities in public subsidies of energy technologies and R&D | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nLester Brown has argued that \"a world facing the prospect of economically disruptive climate change can no longer justify subsidies to expand the burning of coal and oil. Shifting these subsidies to the development of climate-benign energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass... |
57296a386aef051400154e42 | What is the key to stabilizing the earth's climate? | development of climate-benign energy sources | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nLester Brown has argued that \"a world facing the prospect of economically disruptive climate change can no longer justify subsidies to expand the burning of coal and oil. Shifting these subsidies to the development of climate-benign energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass... |
57296cccaf94a219006aa3df | What country is reducing its coal subsidy? | Germany | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSome countries are eliminating or reducing climate disrupting subsidies and Belgium, France, and Japan have phased out all subsidies for coal. Germany is reducing its coal subsidy. The subsidy dropped from $5.4 billion in 1989 to $2.8 billion in 2002, and in the process German... |
57296cccaf94a219006aa3e0 | What country has been increasing its support for the fossil fuel and nuclear industries? | United States | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSome countries are eliminating or reducing climate disrupting subsidies and Belgium, France, and Japan have phased out all subsidies for coal. Germany is reducing its coal subsidy. The subsidy dropped from $5.4 billion in 1989 to $2.8 billion in 2002, and in the process German... |
57296cccaf94a219006aa3e1 | Some countries have phased out all subsidies for what substance? | coal | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSome countries are eliminating or reducing climate disrupting subsidies and Belgium, France, and Japan have phased out all subsidies for coal. Germany is reducing its coal subsidy. The subsidy dropped from $5.4 billion in 1989 to $2.8 billion in 2002, and in the process German... |
57296daa1d04691400779427 | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of what? | renewable energy policy | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSetting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable... |
57296daa1d04691400779428 | The European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of what percent? | 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSetting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable... |
57296daa1d04691400779429 | Name one outher country with defined national or regional target? | Australia | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSetting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable... |
572970003f37b319004783b5 | What determines the extent to which renewable energy is to be incorporated into a country's generation mix? | Public policy | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nPublic policy determines the extent to which renewable energy (RE) is to be incorporated into a developed or developing country's generation mix. Energy sector regulators implement that policy—thus affecting the pace and pattern of RE investments and connections to the grid. E... |
572970003f37b319004783b6 | Who has the authority to carry out a number of functions that havae implications for the feasiblity of renewable energy projects? | Energy regulators | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nPublic policy determines the extent to which renewable energy (RE) is to be incorporated into a developed or developing country's generation mix. Energy sector regulators implement that policy—thus affecting the pace and pattern of RE investments and connections to the grid. E... |
572970003f37b319004783b7 | Why have energy sector regulators become a key facilitator of renewable energy investments? | Since policies are not self-implementing | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nPublic policy determines the extent to which renewable energy (RE) is to be incorporated into a developed or developing country's generation mix. Energy sector regulators implement that policy—thus affecting the pace and pattern of RE investments and connections to the grid. E... |
572970e9af94a219006aa41d | What is the driving force behind voluntary green electricity within the EU? | liberalized electricity markets | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe driving force behind voluntary green electricity within the EU are the liberalized electricity markets and the RES Directive. According to the directive the EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed and therefore... |
572970e9af94a219006aa41e | What states that EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed? | RES Directive | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe driving force behind voluntary green electricity within the EU are the liberalized electricity markets and the RES Directive. According to the directive the EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed and therefore... |
572970e9af94a219006aa41f | In the US, what is the main tool to track and stimulate voluntary actions? | Green-e program | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe driving force behind voluntary green electricity within the EU are the liberalized electricity markets and the RES Directive. According to the directive the EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed and therefore... |
572971b83f37b319004783d9 | What made a strong economic case for investing in low carbon technologies? | Stern Review | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nA number of events in 2006 pushed renewable energy up the political agenda, including the US mid-term elections in November, which confirmed clean energy as a mainstream issue. Also in 2006, the Stern Review made a strong economic case for investing in low carbon technologies ... |
572971b83f37b319004783da | In what year did a number of events push renewable energy up the political agenda? | 2006 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nA number of events in 2006 pushed renewable energy up the political agenda, including the US mid-term elections in November, which confirmed clean energy as a mainstream issue. Also in 2006, the Stern Review made a strong economic case for investing in low carbon technologies ... |
572971b83f37b319004783db | What is driving increasing rates of investment in the renewable energy industry? | climate change concerns coupled with recent high oil prices | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nA number of events in 2006 pushed renewable energy up the political agenda, including the US mid-term elections in November, which confirmed clean energy as a mainstream issue. Also in 2006, the Stern Review made a strong economic case for investing in low carbon technologies ... |
572972deaf94a219006aa441 | What helped the industry weather the 2009 economic crisis better than other sectors? | New government spending, regulation, and policies | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNew government spending, regulation, and policies helped the industry weather the 2009 economic crisis better than many other sectors. Most notably, U.S. President Barack Obama's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 included more than $70 billion in direct spending a... |
572972deaf94a219006aa442 | What suggests that the commercialization of clean energy will hellp countries deal with economic malaise? | commercialization of clean energy | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNew government spending, regulation, and policies helped the industry weather the 2009 economic crisis better than many other sectors. Most notably, U.S. President Barack Obama's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 included more than $70 billion in direct spending a... |
572972deaf94a219006aa443 | Which company became invovled in a political controversy? | Solyndra | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNew government spending, regulation, and policies helped the industry weather the 2009 economic crisis better than many other sectors. Most notably, U.S. President Barack Obama's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 included more than $70 billion in direct spending a... |
572972deaf94a219006aa444 | What company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy? | Solyndra | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nNew government spending, regulation, and policies helped the industry weather the 2009 economic crisis better than many other sectors. Most notably, U.S. President Barack Obama's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 included more than $70 billion in direct spending a... |
5729734f6aef051400154efc | What plays a major role in the energy mix of many countries? | renewable energy | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2012, renewable energy plays a major role in the energy mix of many countries globally. Renewables are becoming increasingly economic in both developing and developed countries. Prices for renewable energy technologies, primarily wind power and solar power, continued to ... |
5729734f6aef051400154efd | What is becoming increasingly economic in both developing and devloped countries? | Renewables | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2012, renewable energy plays a major role in the energy mix of many countries globally. Renewables are becoming increasingly economic in both developing and developed countries. Prices for renewable energy technologies, primarily wind power and solar power, continued to ... |
5729734f6aef051400154efe | As of 2012, prices for what commodity continued to drop? | renewable energy technologies | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nAs of 2012, renewable energy plays a major role in the energy mix of many countries globally. Renewables are becoming increasingly economic in both developing and developed countries. Prices for renewable energy technologies, primarily wind power and solar power, continued to ... |
572974506aef051400154f1c | Who is United Nations' Secretary-General? | Ban Ki-moon | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nUnited Nations' Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said that \"renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity\". In October 2011, he \"announced the creation of a high-level group to drum up support for energy access, energy efficiency ... |
572974506aef051400154f1d | Ban Ki-moon states that renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity? | renewable energy | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nUnited Nations' Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said that \"renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity\". In October 2011, he \"announced the creation of a high-level group to drum up support for energy access, energy efficiency ... |
572974506aef051400154f1e | Who is chair of UN Energy? | Kandeh Yumkella | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nUnited Nations' Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said that \"renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity\". In October 2011, he \"announced the creation of a high-level group to drum up support for energy access, energy efficiency ... |
572974506aef051400154f1f | Who is chairman of Bank of America? | Charles Holliday | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nUnited Nations' Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said that \"renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity\". In October 2011, he \"announced the creation of a high-level group to drum up support for energy access, energy efficiency ... |
572975046aef051400154f24 | In 2012, solar electricity consumption increased by what percentage? | 58 percent | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nWorldwide use of solar power and wind power continued to grow significantly in 2012. Solar electricity consumption increased by 58 percent, to 93 terawatt-hours (TWh). Use of wind power in 2012 increased by 18.1 percent, to 521.3 TWh. Global solar and wind energy installed cap... |
572975046aef051400154f25 | Use of wind power in 2012 increased by what percentage? | 18.1 percent | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nWorldwide use of solar power and wind power continued to grow significantly in 2012. Solar electricity consumption increased by 58 percent, to 93 terawatt-hours (TWh). Use of wind power in 2012 increased by 18.1 percent, to 521.3 TWh. Global solar and wind energy installed cap... |
572975046aef051400154f26 | How much was the worldwide investment in solar power in 2012? | $140.4 billion | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nWorldwide use of solar power and wind power continued to grow significantly in 2012. Solar electricity consumption increased by 58 percent, to 93 terawatt-hours (TWh). Use of wind power in 2012 increased by 18.1 percent, to 521.3 TWh. Global solar and wind energy installed cap... |
572975046aef051400154f27 | Analysts expect the market to triple by what year? | 2030 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nWorldwide use of solar power and wind power continued to grow significantly in 2012. Solar electricity consumption increased by 58 percent, to 93 terawatt-hours (TWh). Use of wind power in 2012 increased by 18.1 percent, to 521.3 TWh. Global solar and wind energy installed cap... |
572975046aef051400154f28 | In what year did investment in renewables exceed fossils? | 2015 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nWorldwide use of solar power and wind power continued to grow significantly in 2012. Solar electricity consumption increased by 58 percent, to 93 terawatt-hours (TWh). Use of wind power in 2012 increased by 18.1 percent, to 521.3 TWh. Global solar and wind energy installed cap... |
572975b16aef051400154f42 | What motivated the incentive to use 100 percent renewable energy? | global warming | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are f... |
572975b16aef051400154f43 | How many nations already have renewable energy contributing to more than 20 percent of energy supply? | at least 30 nations | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are f... |
572975b16aef051400154f44 | Who developed a series of stabilization wedges? | Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nThe incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are f... |
57297650af94a219006aa47b | Who is a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University? | Mark Z. Jacobson | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMark Z. Jacobson, professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and director of its Atmosphere and Energy Program says producing all new energy with wind power, solar power, and hydropower by 2030 is feasible and existing energy supply arrangements co... |
57297650af94a219006aa47c | What is a barrier to implementing the renewable energy plan? | social and political | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMark Z. Jacobson, professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and director of its Atmosphere and Energy Program says producing all new energy with wind power, solar power, and hydropower by 2030 is feasible and existing energy supply arrangements co... |
57297650af94a219006aa47d | Who stated that energy costs with a wind, solar, water system should be similar to today's energy costs? | Mark Z. Jacobson | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMark Z. Jacobson, professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and director of its Atmosphere and Energy Program says producing all new energy with wind power, solar power, and hydropower by 2030 is feasible and existing energy supply arrangements co... |
57297650af94a219006aa47e | Jacobson says producing all new energy with wind power, solar power and hydropower is feasible by what year? | 2030 | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nMark Z. Jacobson, professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and director of its Atmosphere and Energy Program says producing all new energy with wind power, solar power, and hydropower by 2030 is feasible and existing energy supply arrangements co... |
572977183f37b31900478459 | Why is renewable energy an attractive option? | can supply significantly greater amounts of electricity than the total current or projected domestic demand | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSimilarly, in the United States, the independent National Research Council has noted that \"sufficient domestic renewable resources exist to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation and thus help confront issues related to climate... |
572977183f37b3190047845a | In what country is the National Research Council located? | United States | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSimilarly, in the United States, the independent National Research Council has noted that \"sufficient domestic renewable resources exist to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation and thus help confront issues related to climate... |
572977183f37b3190047845b | Sufficient domestic reneewable resources exist for what reason? | to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation | [
"Renewable_energy_commercialization\n\nSimilarly, in the United States, the independent National Research Council has noted that \"sufficient domestic renewable resources exist to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation and thus help confront issues related to climate... |
572946c53f37b319004781f3 | For what is Palermo known? | history, culture, architecture and gastronomy | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo (Italian: [paˈlɛrmo] ( listen), Sicilian: Palermu, Latin: Panormus, from Greek: Πάνορμος, Panormos, Arabic: بَلَرْم, Balarm; Phoenician: זִיז, Ziz) is a city in Insular Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Province of Palermo. The city is noted for its history, cul... |
572946c53f37b319004781f4 | How old is the city of Palermo? | 2,700 years old | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo (Italian: [paˈlɛrmo] ( listen), Sicilian: Palermu, Latin: Panormus, from Greek: Πάνορμος, Panormos, Arabic: بَلَرْم, Balarm; Phoenician: זִיז, Ziz) is a city in Insular Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Province of Palermo. The city is noted for its history, cul... |
572946c53f37b319004781f5 | On what island is Palermo located? | Sicily | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo (Italian: [paˈlɛrmo] ( listen), Sicilian: Palermu, Latin: Panormus, from Greek: Πάνορμος, Panormos, Arabic: بَلَرْم, Balarm; Phoenician: זִיז, Ziz) is a city in Insular Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Province of Palermo. The city is noted for its history, cul... |
5729478f6aef051400154c56 | In what year was Palermo founded? | 734 BC | [
"Palermo\n\nThe city was founded in 734 BC by the Phoenicians as Ziz ('flower'). Palermo then became a possession of Carthage, before becoming part of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire and eventually part of the Byzantine Empire, for over a thousand years. The Greeks named the city Panormus meaning 'complete por... |
5729478f6aef051400154c57 | What name was Palermo originally founded as? | Ziz | [
"Palermo\n\nThe city was founded in 734 BC by the Phoenicians as Ziz ('flower'). Palermo then became a possession of Carthage, before becoming part of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire and eventually part of the Byzantine Empire, for over a thousand years. The Greeks named the city Panormus meaning 'complete por... |
5729478f6aef051400154c58 | What group of people founded Palermo? | the Phoenicians | [
"Palermo\n\nThe city was founded in 734 BC by the Phoenicians as Ziz ('flower'). Palermo then became a possession of Carthage, before becoming part of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire and eventually part of the Byzantine Empire, for over a thousand years. The Greeks named the city Panormus meaning 'complete por... |
5729478f6aef051400154c59 | What did the Greeks name Palermo? | Panormus | [
"Palermo\n\nThe city was founded in 734 BC by the Phoenicians as Ziz ('flower'). Palermo then became a possession of Carthage, before becoming part of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire and eventually part of the Byzantine Empire, for over a thousand years. The Greeks named the city Panormus meaning 'complete por... |
5729478f6aef051400154c5a | During which years was Palermo ruled by the Arabs? | 831 to 1072 | [
"Palermo\n\nThe city was founded in 734 BC by the Phoenicians as Ziz ('flower'). Palermo then became a possession of Carthage, before becoming part of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire and eventually part of the Byzantine Empire, for over a thousand years. The Greeks named the city Panormus meaning 'complete por... |
572948523f37b3190047820d | What types of churches attract tourists to Palermo? | Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buil... |
572948523f37b3190047820e | Which town is Sicily's primary industrial and commercial center? | Palermo | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buil... |
572948523f37b3190047820f | What are Palermo's four main industrial sectors? | tourism, services, commerce and agriculture | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buil... |
5729540a1d046914007792b3 | What geographic form is Palermo surrounded by? | mountains | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is... |
5729540a1d046914007792b4 | Which author desribed Monte Pelegrino as "The most beautiful promontory in the world?" | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is... |
5729540a1d046914007792b5 | Which is the tallest mountain in Sicily? | La Pizzuta | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is... |
5729540a1d046914007792b6 | Where is Monte Pellegrino in relation to other peaks? | geographically separated from the rest of the range by a plain | [
"Palermo\n\nPalermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is... |
57295510af94a219006aa2c7 | How can former rivers be recognised presently? | the streets that were built on them follow their shapes | [
"Palermo\n\nToday both the Papireto river and the Kemonia are covered up by buildings. However, the shape of the former watercourses can still be recognised today, because the streets that were built on them follow their shapes. Today the only waterway not drained yet is the Oreto river that divides the downtown of... |
57295510af94a219006aa2c8 | What is the only remaining waterway in Palermo? | Oreto river | [
"Palermo\n\nToday both the Papireto river and the Kemonia are covered up by buildings. However, the shape of the former watercourses can still be recognised today, because the streets that were built on them follow their shapes. Today the only waterway not drained yet is the Oreto river that divides the downtown of... |
57295510af94a219006aa2c9 | Which two former rivers in Palermo are currently building sites? | Papireto river and the Kemonia | [
"Palermo\n\nToday both the Papireto river and the Kemonia are covered up by buildings. However, the shape of the former watercourses can still be recognised today, because the streets that were built on them follow their shapes. Today the only waterway not drained yet is the Oreto river that divides the downtown of... |
57295b78af94a219006aa311 | What did Phoenicans name their settlement in 734BC? | "Ziz." | [
"Palermo\n\nDuring 734 BC the Phoenicians, a sea trading people from the north of ancient Canaan, built a small settlement on the natural harbor of Palermo. Some sources suggest they named the settlement \"Ziz.\" It became one of the three main Phoenician colonies of Sicily, along with Motya and Soluntum. However, ... |
57295b78af94a219006aa312 | Besides Ziz, what other two major settlements belonged to the Phoenicians | Motya and Soluntum | [
"Palermo\n\nDuring 734 BC the Phoenicians, a sea trading people from the north of ancient Canaan, built a small settlement on the natural harbor of Palermo. Some sources suggest they named the settlement \"Ziz.\" It became one of the three main Phoenician colonies of Sicily, along with Motya and Soluntum. However, ... |
57295b78af94a219006aa313 | Why cant artifacts from the Phoenicians be easily excavated? | remains of the Phoenician presence in the city are few and mostly preserved in the very populated center of the downtown area | [
"Palermo\n\nDuring 734 BC the Phoenicians, a sea trading people from the north of ancient Canaan, built a small settlement on the natural harbor of Palermo. Some sources suggest they named the settlement \"Ziz.\" It became one of the three main Phoenician colonies of Sicily, along with Motya and Soluntum. However, ... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.