id
stringlengths
24
24
question
stringlengths
1
270
answer
stringlengths
1
239
documents
listlengths
1
1
572fc3b7a23a5019007fc9bb
What three cities were imperative for the scholarly and economic exchanges ?
the three most important centres of Greek learning were situated in Chios, Smyrna and Aivali, all three major centres of Greek commerce
[ "Greeks\n\nThe roots of Greek success in the Ottoman Empire can be traced to the Greek tradition of education and commerce. It was the wealth of the extensive merchant class that provided the material basis for the intellectual revival that was the prominent feature of Greek life in the half century and more leadin...
572fc3b7a23a5019007fc9bc
What other area fields were overshadowed by Greek influence ?
Greek domination of the Christian Orthodox church.
[ "Greeks\n\nThe roots of Greek success in the Ottoman Empire can be traced to the Greek tradition of education and commerce. It was the wealth of the extensive merchant class that provided the material basis for the intellectual revival that was the prominent feature of Greek life in the half century and more leadin...
572fc5aba23a5019007fc9c1
When was the Greece that we know today officially formed ?
creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830
[ "Greeks\n\nThe relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1...
572fc5aba23a5019007fc9c2
When was the original Grecian constitution formed ?
first Greek constitution of 1822
[ "Greeks\n\nThe relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1...
572fc5aba23a5019007fc9c3
How did the original Constitution identify its society members ?
a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece
[ "Greeks\n\nThe relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1...
572fc5aba23a5019007fc9c4
Is this identifying factor for official citizens of Greece still in effect today ?
clause removed by 1840
[ "Greeks\n\nThe relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1...
572fc5aba23a5019007fc9c5
What factor was used to expel or include citizens in the Lausanne Treaty ?
agreed to use religion as the determinant for ethnic identity for the purposes of population exchange
[ "Greeks\n\nThe relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1...
572fc73c947a6a140053cca6
What do Westerners believe it means to belong to the Greek heritage ?
Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek.
[ "Greeks\n\nThe terms used to define Greekness have varied throughout history but were never limited or completely identified with membership to a Greek state. By Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek. ...
572fc73c947a6a140053cca7
What do the Grecian Romioi descendants of the Constantine rule believe to be true in regards to the status as beneficiaries ?
considered themselves the political heirs of Rome
[ "Greeks\n\nThe terms used to define Greekness have varied throughout history but were never limited or completely identified with membership to a Greek state. By Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek. ...
572fc73c947a6a140053cca8
What other cultures do the Romioi clam to be their birthright ?
deemed themselves the heirs of ancient Greece as well
[ "Greeks\n\nThe terms used to define Greekness have varied throughout history but were never limited or completely identified with membership to a Greek state. By Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek. ...
572fc73c947a6a140053cca9
What is an alternative word used by Greeks to mean those who worship and alternative religion to the mainstreams ?
Hellene" still meant pagan
[ "Greeks\n\nThe terms used to define Greekness have varied throughout history but were never limited or completely identified with membership to a Greek state. By Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek. ...
572fc855b2c2fd140056846b
From what era is the Rigas Feraios believed to be a part of ?
Greek Enlightenment
[ "Greeks\n\nBefore the establishment of the Modern Greek state, the link between ancient and modern Greeks was emphasized by the scholars of Greek Enlightenment especially by Rigas Feraios. In his \"Political Constitution\", he addresses to the nation as \"the people descendant of the Greeks\". The modern Greek stat...
572fc855b2c2fd140056846c
When was the Greek state of modern times birthed into exsistence ?
The modern Greek state was created in 1829,
[ "Greeks\n\nBefore the establishment of the Modern Greek state, the link between ancient and modern Greeks was emphasized by the scholars of Greek Enlightenment especially by Rigas Feraios. In his \"Political Constitution\", he addresses to the nation as \"the people descendant of the Greeks\". The modern Greek stat...
572fc855b2c2fd140056846d
What did Greeks do that caused the formation of the new state ?
the Greeks liberated a part of their historic homelands, Peloponnese, from the Ottoman Empire
[ "Greeks\n\nBefore the establishment of the Modern Greek state, the link between ancient and modern Greeks was emphasized by the scholars of Greek Enlightenment especially by Rigas Feraios. In his \"Political Constitution\", he addresses to the nation as \"the people descendant of the Greeks\". The modern Greek stat...
572fc855b2c2fd140056846e
What foundation was laid that is the demographics of Modern Greek Enlightenment Era ?
instrumental in transmitting the ideas of western romantic nationalism and philhellenism, which together with the conception of Hellenism,
[ "Greeks\n\nBefore the establishment of the Modern Greek state, the link between ancient and modern Greeks was emphasized by the scholars of Greek Enlightenment especially by Rigas Feraios. In his \"Political Constitution\", he addresses to the nation as \"the people descendant of the Greeks\". The modern Greek stat...
572fca32a23a5019007fc9df
What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a infamous philosopher from Greek ?
Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia,
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer refers to the \"Hellenes\" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Gree...
572fca32a23a5019007fc9e0
Who is this small group named for ?
Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer refers to the \"Hellenes\" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Gree...
572fca32a23a5019007fc9e1
From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor ascend from ?
was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge.
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer refers to the \"Hellenes\" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Gree...
572fca32a23a5019007fc9e2
Is the name more ancient than other group names in the area ?
The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League.
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer refers to the \"Hellenes\" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Gree...
572fca32a23a5019007fc9e3
How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Amphictyonic League ?
with twelve founders
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer refers to the \"Hellenes\" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Gree...
572fccbda23a5019007fca09
what does the author of the mortal female focused early example hexameter poetry say of the Hellenic protector ?
Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece.
[ "Greeks\n\nIn the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Graecus is presented as the son of Zeus and Pandora II, sister of Hellen the patriarch of Hellenes. Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece. The Parian Chronicle mentions that when Deucalion became king of Phthia, the previously called...
572fccbda23a5019007fca0a
What caused a name change according to the Chronicles of Parian ?
the previously called Graikoi were named Hellenes.
[ "Greeks\n\nIn the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Graecus is presented as the son of Zeus and Pandora II, sister of Hellen the patriarch of Hellenes. Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece. The Parian Chronicle mentions that when Deucalion became king of Phthia, the previously called...
572fccbda23a5019007fca0b
Where do modern theorist believe the name of Greek originated from ?
A modern theory derives the name Greek (Latin Graeci) from Graikos, "inhabitant of Graia/Graea," a town on the coast of Boeotia.
[ "Greeks\n\nIn the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Graecus is presented as the son of Zeus and Pandora II, sister of Hellen the patriarch of Hellenes. Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece. The Parian Chronicle mentions that when Deucalion became king of Phthia, the previously called...
572fccbda23a5019007fca0c
What is the origins of the term "old woman " ?
word γραῖα graia "old woman" comes from the PIE root *ǵerh2-/*ǵreh2-, "to grow old" via Proto-Greek *gera-/grau-iu
[ "Greeks\n\nIn the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Graecus is presented as the son of Zeus and Pandora II, sister of Hellen the patriarch of Hellenes. Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece. The Parian Chronicle mentions that when Deucalion became king of Phthia, the previously called...
572fda3004bcaa1900d76dcf
What interchangeable terms did Homer use in his poems for Greeks ?
Achaeans and Danaans
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans (Δαναοί) as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad, and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Ach...
572fda3004bcaa1900d76dd0
What is believed to be the derivative of these names ?
pre-Dorian
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans (Δαναοί) as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad, and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Ach...
572fda3004bcaa1900d76dd1
What was redefined in the 5th century about the people of these names?
redefined as contemporary speakers of Aeolic Greek
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans (Δαναοί) as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad, and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Ach...
572fda3004bcaa1900d76dd2
Where was this origin of this redefinition ?
spoken mainly in Thessaly, Boeotia and Lesbos
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans (Δαναοί) as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad, and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Ach...
572fda3004bcaa1900d76dd3
What was the age in 1300 BC named ?
early Iron age
[ "Greeks\n\nHomer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans (Δαναοί) as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad, and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Ach...
572fdc43947a6a140053cd72
In Homer's poems who were the Greeks at odds with ?
Trojans
[ "Greeks\n\nIn Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtu...
572fdc43947a6a140053cd73
From where did the basis of the Argos tales originate ?
Egypt
[ "Greeks\n\nIn Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtu...
572fdc43947a6a140053cd74
What did the female descendants of Argos have to accomplish ?
His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom
[ "Greeks\n\nIn Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtu...
572fdc43947a6a140053cd75
What community did the Denyen live in ?
Denyen
[ "Greeks\n\nIn Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtu...
572fdc43947a6a140053cd76
What country is spoken of in the inscriptions of a country in Northern Africa from 1390-1352 BC ?
A country Danaja with a city Mukana (propaply: Mycenea) is mentioned in inscriptions from Egypt
[ "Greeks\n\nIn Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtu...
572fdf30a23a5019007fcaa7
What is the easiest connection between the Greeks of old and those of today ?
most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language
[ "Greeks\n\nThe most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to C...
572fdf30a23a5019007fcaa8
How log did the age of darkness last for the Greeks ?
Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC)
[ "Greeks\n\nThe most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to C...
572fdf30a23a5019007fcaa9
Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Greeks ?
continuity of tradition to Chinese alone
[ "Greeks\n\nThe most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to C...
572fdf30a23a5019007fcaaa
When did most of the Eastward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations ?
During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire
[ "Greeks\n\nThe most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to C...
572fdf30a23a5019007fcaab
What aspects of the Greek culture have remained steadfast throughout the years ?
retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion
[ "Greeks\n\nThe most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to C...
572fe045a23a5019007fcac3
In the Rupublic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace do they represent ?
Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population
[ "Greeks\n\nToday, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditiona...
572fe045a23a5019007fcac4
What's the estimated populace of Greeks on the isle of Cyprus ?
Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population
[ "Greeks\n\nToday, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditiona...
572fe045a23a5019007fcac5
Are Greeks in danger of contributing vastly to the problem of population control ?
Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth
[ "Greeks\n\nToday, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditiona...
572fe045a23a5019007fcac6
Is the Greek populace on a whole increasing or decreasing in numbers ?
Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828.
[ "Greeks\n\nToday, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditiona...
572fe045a23a5019007fcac7
Where there any significances that contributed to the increase or decrease in population numbers ?
influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.
[ "Greeks\n\nToday, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditiona...
5730704c396df919000960f8
Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles a part of
British Empire
[ "Greeks\n\nGreeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigratio...
5730704c396df919000960f9
Who was living on with the Greeks in Cyprus s 1974 ?
Turkish
[ "Greeks\n\nGreeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigratio...
5730704c396df919000960fa
Whee these new inhabitants welcomed ?
Turkish invasion of Cyprus
[ "Greeks\n\nGreeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigratio...
5730704c396df919000960fb
During the early seventies where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go ?
the Middle East
[ "Greeks\n\nGreeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigratio...
573071f02461fd1900a9ce15
What other countries boast of a Greek populace ?
105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey
[ "Greeks\n\nThere is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored viole...
573071f02461fd1900a9ce16
What acts have caused the population of Greeks to be numbered so few in the country who name is reminiscent of a big American holiday?
1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination.
[ "Greeks\n\nThere is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored viole...
573071f02461fd1900a9ce17
How long was there a Greek influence represented in "little" Asia ?
the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor
[ "Greeks\n\nThere is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored viole...
573071f02461fd1900a9ce18
Are there any Greek who still live in the area around the dark sea in any majority of numbers?
smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states,
[ "Greeks\n\nThere is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored viole...
57307352069b5314008320eb
How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Greece ?
total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue
[ "Greeks\n\nThe total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Accordi...
57307352069b5314008320ec
Who provided the contradictory population numbers for Greeks abroad ?
World Council of Hellenes Abroad
[ "Greeks\n\nThe total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Accordi...
57307352069b5314008320ed
How many Greeks do they believe would be an accurate number for census numbers ?
World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide
[ "Greeks\n\nThe total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Accordi...
57307352069b5314008320ee
At what university is this issue of accurate consensus for Greeks living elsewhere being debated an
Sorbonne University
[ "Greeks\n\nThe total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Accordi...
57307352069b5314008320ef
Who has presented the contradictory number to the census groups ?
George Prevelakis of Sorbonne University, the number is closer to just below 5 million
[ "Greeks\n\nThe total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Accordi...
573076bd396df91900096132
What helped to advance the Greek way of life beyond its boarders ?
the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language
[ "Greeks\n\nIn ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coa...
573076bd396df91900096133
What other close by countries have been greatly influenced by the Greek way of life ?
Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts.
[ "Greeks\n\nIn ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coa...
573076bd396df91900096134
How were the rulers of social class picked to be representatives in the now traditionally Arabic speaking part of the world and in Northern Africa ?
Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt.
[ "Greeks\n\nIn ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coa...
573076bd396df91900096135
What period marked the expansion of Greek thinking and expression ?
The Hellenistic period
[ "Greeks\n\nIn ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coa...
57307b79069b531400832115
After freedom was won by the Greeks who was of import to forming the rules ?
Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state
[ "Greeks\n\nDuring and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Mar...
57307b79069b531400832116
What did they do that contributed to the Greek's success of establishment?
important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad
[ "Greeks\n\nDuring and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Mar...
57307b79069b531400832117
Who already had contact over a network of countries ready to offer assistance to the Greeks ?
Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries
[ "Greeks\n\nDuring and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Mar...
57307b79069b531400832118
What countries did they settle in ?
Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and Saint Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool)
[ "Greeks\n\nDuring and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Mar...
57307b79069b531400832119
How were these relationships with the other countries most likely established ?
from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain.
[ "Greeks\n\nDuring and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Mar...
57307d192461fd1900a9ce59
What is considered the start of the Grecian cultural world ?
beginning in the Mycenaean civilization
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through sever...
57307d192461fd1900a9ce5a
Which devotion of time was heavily influenced by the religious followers of the Son of God ?
the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through sever...
57307d192461fd1900a9ce5b
In what centennial was the massacre of the Greeks of Ottoman descent ?
genocide in the 20th century
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through sever...
57307d192461fd1900a9ce5c
Was there anything good that could be found from the divergence into exchange ?
included cultural exchanges and enriched both cultures.
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through sever...
57307d192461fd1900a9ce5d
Who was given the merit for the reemergence of the Greek way of life ?
Diafotismos is credited with revitalizing Greek culture
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through sever...
57308f8e2461fd1900a9ce97
What other dialects share a thread with the Greek language.
other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund),
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin. Because of the movements of Philhellenism a...
57308f8e2461fd1900a9ce98
What radical political changes occurred during the 19th century ?
the movements of Philhellenism and the Diafotismos in the 19th century
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin. Because of the movements of Philhellenism a...
57308f8e2461fd1900a9ce99
What did these changes highlight ?
emphasized the modern Greeks' ancient heritage
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin. Because of the movements of Philhellenism a...
57308f8e2461fd1900a9ce9a
What became the official dialect of Greeks and what was it missing ?
Katharevousa, a somewhat artificial form of Greek purged of all foreign influence and words, as the official language of the Greek state.
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin. Because of the movements of Philhellenism a...
57308f8e2461fd1900a9ce9b
What choices in 1976 made a change to the decisions concerning the official dialect ?
In 1976, however, the Hellenic Parliament voted to make the spoken Dimotiki the official language
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin. Because of the movements of Philhellenism a...
573091522461fd1900a9cea1
What is different about the use of Greek language today as opposed to the language of the past ?
Modern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects
[ "Greeks\n\nModern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, an...
573091522461fd1900a9cea2
What are some of the local jargon used in Greek speaking?
wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian
[ "Greeks\n\nModern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, an...
573091522461fd1900a9cea3
What language still survives as the representation of the one of the three religious orders of historic Greece ?
Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek)
[ "Greeks\n\nModern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, an...
573091522461fd1900a9cea4
What ancient language is still in use today in some of the minuscule societies in the Grecian world ?
Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, and survives in small communities in Greece, New York and Israel.
[ "Greeks\n\nModern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, an...
573091522461fd1900a9cea5
Do the people of Greek ascendancy only speak Grecian languages ?
bilingual in other languages or dialects such as English, Arvanitika/Albanian, Aromanian, Macedonian Slavic, Russian and Turkish.
[ "Greeks\n\nModern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, an...
573092c08ab72b1400f9c5a4
What is the religion of the Greek majority ?
Christians
[ "Greeks\n\nMost Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-sp...
573092c08ab72b1400f9c5a5
What denominational variance do they adhere to for the most part ?
belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church
[ "Greeks\n\nMost Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-sp...
573092c08ab72b1400f9c5a6
What language was the second half of the Bible originally written in ?
the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek
[ "Greeks\n\nMost Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-sp...
573092c08ab72b1400f9c5a7
This language is the official dialect of worship for the traditional sect for church worshipers of Greece ?
Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church
[ "Greeks\n\nMost Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-sp...
573092c08ab72b1400f9c5a8
What other varieties of Christianity can be found among the Grecian people ?
Catholics, Greek Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and groups adhering to other religions including Romaniot and Sephardic Jews and Greek Muslims.
[ "Greeks\n\nMost Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-sp...
5730953e8ab72b1400f9c5c8
What input did the Greeks have on artistry of the world ?
visual, literary and performing arts.
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high techni...
5730953e8ab72b1400f9c5c9
What period in Europe was full of an appreciation for earlier cultures ?
the Renaissance in Europe
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high techni...
5730953e8ab72b1400f9c5ca
What important heritage of art from Greece was celebrated during this time ?
the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists.
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high techni...
5730953e8ab72b1400f9c5cb
What enacted the transactions of customs and ways of life for the people of the Asian continent and the Grecian people ?
In the East, Alexander the Great's conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high techni...
5730953e8ab72b1400f9c5cc
In the Land of the Rising Sun, what influence was of Greek descent ?
Greco-Buddhist art, whose influence reached as far as Japan.
[ "Greeks\n\nGreek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high techni...
5730969b396df919000961cc
Who was one of the old masters from the Greeks ?
Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Do
[ "Greeks\n\nNotable modern Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Doxaras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Nikiphoros Lytras, Yannis Tsarouchis, Nikos Engonopoulos, Constantine Andreou, Jannis Kounellis, sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Jo...
5730969b396df919000961cd
Who was one the most well known modern decorative modelers of the Greeks ?
sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Joannis Avramidis
[ "Greeks\n\nNotable modern Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Doxaras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Nikiphoros Lytras, Yannis Tsarouchis, Nikos Engonopoulos, Constantine Andreou, Jannis Kounellis, sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Jo...
5730969b396df919000961ce
Who sang in a voice that is in the high octave range from the Modern Greek Era ?
soprano Maria Callas
[ "Greeks\n\nNotable modern Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Doxaras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Nikiphoros Lytras, Yannis Tsarouchis, Nikos Engonopoulos, Constantine Andreou, Jannis Kounellis, sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Jo...
5730969b396df919000961cf
Name one of the poetic authors who was also nominated for the Nobel Peace Award from the Greeks ?
Nobel laureates Giorgos Seferis and Odysseas Elytis are among the most important poets of the 20th century.
[ "Greeks\n\nNotable modern Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Doxaras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Nikiphoros Lytras, Yannis Tsarouchis, Nikos Engonopoulos, Constantine Andreou, Jannis Kounellis, sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Jo...
5730985d396df919000961ec
What contribution to the scientific community have the Greeks left the world ?
science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics
[ "Greeks\n\nThe Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic in...
5730985d396df919000961ed
What school practices were kept by the Roman world after the fall of Greece ?
scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic institutions
[ "Greeks\n\nThe Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic in...
5730985d396df919000961ee
What has been maintained by the Greeks throughout their extended history ?
Greeks have a long tradition of valuing and investing in paideia (education
[ "Greeks\n\nThe Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic in...
5730985d396df919000961ef
What is one the most elevated values among the Grecian society ?
Paideia was one of the highest societal values in the Greek and Hellenistic world
[ "Greeks\n\nThe Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic in...
5730985d396df919000961f0
At what location did education begin for the first set of people to be eligible to earn and advanced degree in a particular subject ?
first European institution described as a university was founded in 5th century Constantinople and operated in various incarnations
[ "Greeks\n\nThe Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic in...