Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
57315ba4497a881900248e61	Where is the Nea Moni Monastery located?	Chios	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Nea Moni Monastery on Chios was established by Constantine Monomachos in 1043–1056. The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Ch...
57315ba4497a881900248e62	Who established the Nea Moni Monastery?	Constantine Monomachos	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Nea Moni Monastery on Chios was established by Constantine Monomachos in 1043–1056. The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Ch...
57315ba4497a881900248e63	When was the Nea Moni Monastery established?	1043–1056	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Nea Moni Monastery on Chios was established by Constantine Monomachos in 1043–1056. The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Ch...
57315ba4497a881900248e64	When was the mosaic at the Nea Moni Monastery destroyed?	1822	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Nea Moni Monastery on Chios was established by Constantine Monomachos in 1043–1056. The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Ch...
57315ba4497a881900248e65	The Nea Moni mosaics are more detailed than what what other famous mosaics?	Osios Loukas	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Nea Moni Monastery on Chios was established by Constantine Monomachos in 1043–1056. The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Ch...
57315c6c497a881900248e7f	Who restored the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the 1040's?	Constantine Monomachos	[ "Mosaic\n\nAnother great undertaking by Constantine Monomachos was the restoration of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem between 1042 and 1048. Nothing survived of the mosaics which covered the walls and the dome of the edifice but the Russian abbot Daniel, who visited Jerusalem in 1106–1107 left a descr...
57315c6c497a881900248e80	What survives of the mosaics that adorned the walls and dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre?	Nothing	[ "Mosaic\n\nAnother great undertaking by Constantine Monomachos was the restoration of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem between 1042 and 1048. Nothing survived of the mosaics which covered the walls and the dome of the edifice but the Russian abbot Daniel, who visited Jerusalem in 1106–1107 left a descr...
57315c6c497a881900248e81	Who left the only description of the mosaics at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre?	the Russian abbot Daniel	[ "Mosaic\n\nAnother great undertaking by Constantine Monomachos was the restoration of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem between 1042 and 1048. Nothing survived of the mosaics which covered the walls and the dome of the edifice but the Russian abbot Daniel, who visited Jerusalem in 1106–1107 left a descr...
57315c6c497a881900248e82	Where did the Russian abbot Daniel travel in 1106-07?	Jerusalem	[ "Mosaic\n\nAnother great undertaking by Constantine Monomachos was the restoration of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem between 1042 and 1048. Nothing survived of the mosaics which covered the walls and the dome of the edifice but the Russian abbot Daniel, who visited Jerusalem in 1106–1107 left a descr...
57315da9497a881900248e87	When were the Byzantine mosaics of the Hagia Sophia created?	The 9th- and 10th-century	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Chris...
57315da9497a881900248e88	The tympana under the dome had images of whom displayed?	prophets, saints and patriarchs	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Chris...
57315da9497a881900248e89	When did the Empress Zoe die?	1055	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Chris...
57315da9497a881900248e8a	What does the Empress give to Christ as depicted by the mosaic?	a bulging money sack	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Chris...
57315da9497a881900248e8b	Who was depicted with the Empress Zoe on a panel in the gallery of the Hagia Sophia?	Constantine Monomachos	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Chris...
57315fc6497a881900248e99	Why are there so few surviving mosaics from the Komnenian period?	accidents of survival	[ "Mosaic\n\nThere are very few existing mosaics from the Komnenian period but this paucity must be due to accidents of survival and gives a misleading impression. The only surviving 12th-century mosaic work in Constantinople is a panel in Hagia Sophia depicting Emperor John II and Empress Eirene with the Theotokos (...
57315fc6497a881900248e9a	Where is the only existing 12th century mosaic in Constantinople?	Hagia Sophia	[ "Mosaic\n\nThere are very few existing mosaics from the Komnenian period but this paucity must be due to accidents of survival and gives a misleading impression. The only surviving 12th-century mosaic work in Constantinople is a panel in Hagia Sophia depicting Emperor John II and Empress Eirene with the Theotokos (...
57315fc6497a881900248e9b	What deity does the 12th century mosaic in the Hagia Sophia depict?	the Theotokos	[ "Mosaic\n\nThere are very few existing mosaics from the Komnenian period but this paucity must be due to accidents of survival and gives a misleading impression. The only surviving 12th-century mosaic work in Constantinople is a panel in Hagia Sophia depicting Emperor John II and Empress Eirene with the Theotokos (...
57315fc6497a881900248e9c	The empress Eirene had what color hair?	red	[ "Mosaic\n\nThere are very few existing mosaics from the Komnenian period but this paucity must be due to accidents of survival and gives a misleading impression. The only surviving 12th-century mosaic work in Constantinople is a panel in Hagia Sophia depicting Emperor John II and Empress Eirene with the Theotokos (...
57315fc6497a881900248e9d	The only surviving mosaic from the Komnenos dynasty outside Constantinople is in what church?	the cathedral of Serres	[ "Mosaic\n\nThere are very few existing mosaics from the Komnenian period but this paucity must be due to accidents of survival and gives a misleading impression. The only surviving 12th-century mosaic work in Constantinople is a panel in Hagia Sophia depicting Emperor John II and Empress Eirene with the Theotokos (...
5731628fe6313a140071ceb2	How big were the tesserae in the Komnenian period miniature mosaic icons?	1 mm or less	[ "Mosaic\n\nA striking technical innovation of the Komnenian period was the production of very precious, miniature mosaic icons. In these icons the small tesserae (with sides of 1 mm or less) were set on wax or resin on a wooden panel. These products of extraordinary craftmanship were intended for private devotion. ...
5731628fe6313a140071ceb3	What were the tesserae usually set in for miniature mosaic icons?	wax or resin	[ "Mosaic\n\nA striking technical innovation of the Komnenian period was the production of very precious, miniature mosaic icons. In these icons the small tesserae (with sides of 1 mm or less) were set on wax or resin on a wooden panel. These products of extraordinary craftmanship were intended for private devotion. ...
5731628fe6313a140071ceb4	The more humanistic conception of Christ appeared when?	in the 12th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nA striking technical innovation of the Komnenian period was the production of very precious, miniature mosaic icons. In these icons the small tesserae (with sides of 1 mm or less) were set on wax or resin on a wooden panel. These products of extraordinary craftmanship were intended for private devotion. ...
5731628fe6313a140071ceb5	What was the intended purpose of the miniature mosaic icons?	private devotion	[ "Mosaic\n\nA striking technical innovation of the Komnenian period was the production of very precious, miniature mosaic icons. In these icons the small tesserae (with sides of 1 mm or less) were set on wax or resin on a wooden panel. These products of extraordinary craftmanship were intended for private devotion. ...
573163cf497a881900248eb9	When was the Church of the Holy Apostles built?	1310–14	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki was built in 1310–14. Although some vandal systematically removed the gold tesserae of the background it can be seen that the Pantokrator and the prophets in the dome follow the traditional Byzantine pattern. Many details are similar to the Pammakaristos mo...
573163cf497a881900248eba	Who removed the gold tesserae in the background of the mosaic at the Church of the Holy Apostles?	some vandal	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki was built in 1310–14. Although some vandal systematically removed the gold tesserae of the background it can be seen that the Pantokrator and the prophets in the dome follow the traditional Byzantine pattern. Many details are similar to the Pammakaristos mo...
573163cf497a881900248ebb	Where is the Theotokos Paregoritissa Church located?	Arta	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki was built in 1310–14. Although some vandal systematically removed the gold tesserae of the background it can be seen that the Pantokrator and the prophets in the dome follow the traditional Byzantine pattern. Many details are similar to the Pammakaristos mo...
573163cf497a881900248ebc	Who established the Theotokos Paregoritissa Church in 1294-96?	the Despot of Epirus	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki was built in 1310–14. Although some vandal systematically removed the gold tesserae of the background it can be seen that the Pantokrator and the prophets in the dome follow the traditional Byzantine pattern. Many details are similar to the Pammakaristos mo...
573163cf497a881900248ebd	The same team of mosaicists worked on the Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki as which other building?	Pammakaristos	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki was built in 1310–14. Although some vandal systematically removed the gold tesserae of the background it can be seen that the Pantokrator and the prophets in the dome follow the traditional Byzantine pattern. Many details are similar to the Pammakaristos mo...
57316587e6313a140071ceda	where is the greatest mosaic work of the renaissance?	the Chora Church in Constantinople	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Cons...
57316587e6313a140071cedb	How many mosaic panels from naos have survived?	three	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Cons...
57316587e6313a140071cedc	The panels of naos are only capped in importance by which other location?	the Hagia Sophia	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Cons...
57316587e6313a140071cedd	Who commissioned the mosaics at naos?	Theodore Metochites	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Cons...
57316587e6313a140071cede	The panels from naos show what influence on Byzantine art.	Italian trecento	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Cons...
5731671005b4da19006bd11c	When was the last period of Roman mosaic art?	the 12th–13th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica d...
5731671005b4da19006bd11d	Where is the church of Santa maria?	Trastevere	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica d...
5731671005b4da19006bd11e	Who does the facade at the Santa Maria church depict?	Christ and Mary	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica d...
5731671005b4da19006bd11f	When were the mosaics at Torriti and Jacopo fully restored?	in 1884	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica d...
5731671005b4da19006bd120	What year was the medallion above the gate of the church of San Tommaso?	1210	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica d...
57316811e6313a140071cefc	Who created the Navicella mosaic in the Old St. Peter's church?	Giotto di Bondone	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the ...
57316811e6313a140071cefd	Who commissioned the Navicella mosaic?	Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the ...
57316811e6313a140071cefe	Who did the navicella mosaic depict walking on water?	St. Peter	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the ...
57316811e6313a140071ceff	What century was the majority of the Navicella mosaic destroyed?	the 17th	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the ...
57316811e6313a140071cf00	Navicella means what in Italian?	"little ship"	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the ...
573169afa5e9cc1400cdbf31	when was the height of mosaic art in sicily?	the 12th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the ...
573169afa5e9cc1400cdbf32	Who adopted the Byzantine mosaic tradition?	Norman kings	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the ...
573169afa5e9cc1400cdbf33	Why did the Normans adopt a Byzantine art style?	enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the ...
573169afa5e9cc1400cdbf34	Who was influenced by Western European and Islamic tendencies?	Greek masters working in Sicily	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the ...
573169afa5e9cc1400cdbf35	The Martorana church is an example of the best mosaic art in what part italy?	Sicily	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the ...
57316b0de6313a140071cf10	When was the Martorana church decorated?	around 1143	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Martorana church (decorated around 1143) looked originally even more Byzantine although important parts were later demolished. The dome mosaic is similar to that of the Cappella Palatina, with Christ enthroned in the middle and four bowed, elongated angels. The Greek inscriptions, decorative patterns...
57316b0de6313a140071cf11	Who is featured in the mosaic at the Martorana church?	Christ	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Martorana church (decorated around 1143) looked originally even more Byzantine although important parts were later demolished. The dome mosaic is similar to that of the Cappella Palatina, with Christ enthroned in the middle and four bowed, elongated angels. The Greek inscriptions, decorative patterns...
57316b0de6313a140071cf12	The Martorana church was likely decorated by the same greek masters who decorated which church?	the Cappella Palatina	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Martorana church (decorated around 1143) looked originally even more Byzantine although important parts were later demolished. The dome mosaic is similar to that of the Cappella Palatina, with Christ enthroned in the middle and four bowed, elongated angels. The Greek inscriptions, decorative patterns...
57316b0de6313a140071cf13	Who was the founder of the Martorana church?	Georgios of Antiochia	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Martorana church (decorated around 1143) looked originally even more Byzantine although important parts were later demolished. The dome mosaic is similar to that of the Cappella Palatina, with Christ enthroned in the middle and four bowed, elongated angels. The Greek inscriptions, decorative patterns...
57316b0de6313a140071cf14	Who is receiving a crown from christ in the mosaic originally in the narthex?	Roger II	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Martorana church (decorated around 1143) looked originally even more Byzantine although important parts were later demolished. The dome mosaic is similar to that of the Cappella Palatina, with Christ enthroned in the middle and four bowed, elongated angels. The Greek inscriptions, decorative patterns...
57316c1d05b4da19006bd126	What is the name of the largest mosaics in Italy?	The Monreale mosaics	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Monreale mosaics constitute the largest decoration of this kind in Italy, covering 0,75 hectares with at least 100 million glass and stone tesserae. This huge work was executed between 1176 and 1186 by the order of King William II of Sicily. The iconography of the mosaics in the presbytery is similar...
57316c1d05b4da19006bd127	At least how many tesserae are used in the the Monreale mosaics?	100 million	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Monreale mosaics constitute the largest decoration of this kind in Italy, covering 0,75 hectares with at least 100 million glass and stone tesserae. This huge work was executed between 1176 and 1186 by the order of King William II of Sicily. The iconography of the mosaics in the presbytery is similar...
57316c1d05b4da19006bd128	Who commissioned the Monreale mosaics between 1176 and 1186?	King William II of Sicily	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Monreale mosaics constitute the largest decoration of this kind in Italy, covering 0,75 hectares with at least 100 million glass and stone tesserae. This huge work was executed between 1176 and 1186 by the order of King William II of Sicily. The iconography of the mosaics in the presbytery is similar...
57316c1d05b4da19006bd129	Who is displayed getting crowned by christ in the Monreale mosaics?	King William II	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Monreale mosaics constitute the largest decoration of this kind in Italy, covering 0,75 hectares with at least 100 million glass and stone tesserae. This huge work was executed between 1176 and 1186 by the order of King William II of Sicily. The iconography of the mosaics in the presbytery is similar...
57316c1d05b4da19006bd12a	What is the king offering Theotokos in the Monreale mosaics?	the model of the cathedral	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Monreale mosaics constitute the largest decoration of this kind in Italy, covering 0,75 hectares with at least 100 million glass and stone tesserae. This huge work was executed between 1176 and 1186 by the order of King William II of Sicily. The iconography of the mosaics in the presbytery is similar...
57316e2b497a881900248ed3	What region of italy was part of the Norman empire?	Southern	[ "Mosaic\n\nSouthern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, alleg...
57316e2b497a881900248ed4	The only surviving mosaic from Norman held souther Italy is what?	pavement of the Otranto Cathedral	[ "Mosaic\n\nSouthern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, alleg...
57316e2b497a881900248ed5	The mosaics in churches of Ravello prove what?	mosaic art was widespread	[ "Mosaic\n\nSouthern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, alleg...
57316e2b497a881900248ed6	What survives from the mosaics of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral?	Only fragments	[ "Mosaic\n\nSouthern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, alleg...
57316e2b497a881900248ed7	What year were the mosaic pavements installed at the Otranto Cathedral?	1166	[ "Mosaic\n\nSouthern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, alleg...
5731703a05b4da19006bd176	Which area in Italy besides Sicily did mosaic art not go out of fashion in the middle ages?	Venice	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late ...
5731703a05b4da19006bd177	Which church in Venice is decorated with elaborate golden mosaics?	St Mark's Basilica	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late ...
5731703a05b4da19006bd178	When were the oldest scenes in St. Mark's mosaics completed?	the late 11th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late ...
5731703a05b4da19006bd179	The majority of the mosaics in Venice were created by who?	local artists	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late ...
5731703a05b4da19006bd17a	When was the sack of Constantinople?	1204	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late ...
573170f3a5e9cc1400cdbf63	Where is the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta?	Torcello	[ "Mosaic\n\nOther important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in ...
573170f3a5e9cc1400cdbf64	When were the mosaics in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta built?	the 12th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nOther important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in ...
573170f3a5e9cc1400cdbf65	Where is the Basilica of Santi Maria e Donato located?	Murano	[ "Mosaic\n\nOther important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in ...
573170f3a5e9cc1400cdbf66	Who purchased the 13th century mosaic from the the San Cipriano Church?	Frederick William IV of Prussia	[ "Mosaic\n\nOther important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in ...
573170f3a5e9cc1400cdbf67	Where did Frederick William IV relocate the mural he purchased?	the Friedenskirche of Potsdam	[ "Mosaic\n\nOther important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in ...
573172d505b4da19006bd1ae	Who hired Byzantine experts to decorate a rebuilt abbey church?	The Abbot of Monte Cassino	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Abbot of Monte Cassino, Desiderius sent envoys to Constantinople some time after 1066 to hire expert Byzantine mosaicists for the decoration of the rebuilt abbey church. According to chronicler Leo of Ostia the Greek artists decorated the apse, the arch and the vestibule of the basilica. Their work w...
573172d505b4da19006bd1af	After what time did the Abbot of Monte Cassino send for Byzantine mosaicists?	1066	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Abbot of Monte Cassino, Desiderius sent envoys to Constantinople some time after 1066 to hire expert Byzantine mosaicists for the decoration of the rebuilt abbey church. According to chronicler Leo of Ostia the Greek artists decorated the apse, the arch and the vestibule of the basilica. Their work w...
573172d505b4da19006bd1b0	What animal was on the only surviving mosaics created by the greeks at the rebuilt abbey?	greyhounds	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Abbot of Monte Cassino, Desiderius sent envoys to Constantinople some time after 1066 to hire expert Byzantine mosaicists for the decoration of the rebuilt abbey church. According to chronicler Leo of Ostia the Greek artists decorated the apse, the arch and the vestibule of the basilica. Their work w...
573172d505b4da19006bd1b1	Where are the only remaining greek mosaic panels now kept?	in the Monte Cassino Museum	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Abbot of Monte Cassino, Desiderius sent envoys to Constantinople some time after 1066 to hire expert Byzantine mosaicists for the decoration of the rebuilt abbey church. According to chronicler Leo of Ostia the Greek artists decorated the apse, the arch and the vestibule of the basilica. Their work w...
573174c3e6313a140071cf4c	What was special about St Mark's Basilica in Venice?	façades were also decorated	[ "Mosaic\n\nSometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic m...
573174c3e6313a140071cf4d	When was the latest addition to the facade at St Mark's Basilica in Venice?	from 1270–75	[ "Mosaic\n\nSometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic m...
573174c3e6313a140071cf4e	the Cathedral of Orvieto has a mosaic facade, done first in which century?	the 14th	[ "Mosaic\n\nSometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic m...
573174c3e6313a140071cf4f	the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca has a large golden mosaic facade depicting which figure?	Christ	[ "Mosaic\n\nSometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic m...
573174c3e6313a140071cf50	The Cathedral of Spoleto is signed by who?	Solsternus	[ "Mosaic\n\nSometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic m...
57317859a5e9cc1400cdbf9b	What proves mosaics were used in the early middle ages?	scant remains	[ "Mosaic\n\nOnly scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which ...
57317859a5e9cc1400cdbf9c	Where is the Abbey of Saint-Martial?	Limoges	[ "Mosaic\n\nOnly scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which ...
57317859a5e9cc1400cdbf9d	When was the crypt of the Abbey of Saint-Martial re-discovered?	the 1960s	[ "Mosaic\n\nOnly scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which ...
57317859a5e9cc1400cdbf9e	What was found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin?	9th century mosaic	[ "Mosaic\n\nOnly scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which ...
57317859a5e9cc1400cdbf9f	What common element do mosaic panels from the 11th century have?	simple colors	[ "Mosaic\n\nOnly scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which ...
5731792de6313a140071cf7c	What would replace the labor intensive technique of mosaic?	fresco	[ "Mosaic\n\nLater fresco replaced the more labor-intensive technique of mosaic in Western-Europe, although mosaics were sometimes used as decoration on medieval cathedrals. The Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia) had a mosaic decoration in the apse. It was probably a work of Venetian...
5731792de6313a140071cf7d	When was the the mosaic at the Royal Basilica of Hungarian Kings destroyed?	the 17th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nLater fresco replaced the more labor-intensive technique of mosaic in Western-Europe, although mosaics were sometimes used as decoration on medieval cathedrals. The Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia) had a mosaic decoration in the apse. It was probably a work of Venetian...
5731792de6313a140071cf7e	Who created the Last judgement mosaic in the St. Vitus Cathedral?	Venetian craftsmen	[ "Mosaic\n\nLater fresco replaced the more labor-intensive technique of mosaic in Western-Europe, although mosaics were sometimes used as decoration on medieval cathedrals. The Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia) had a mosaic decoration in the apse. It was probably a work of Venetian...
5731792de6313a140071cf7f	What is the Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings also known as?	Alba Regia	[ "Mosaic\n\nLater fresco replaced the more labor-intensive technique of mosaic in Western-Europe, although mosaics were sometimes used as decoration on medieval cathedrals. The Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia) had a mosaic decoration in the apse. It was probably a work of Venetian...
5731792de6313a140071cf80	Where is the Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings?	Székesfehérvár	[ "Mosaic\n\nLater fresco replaced the more labor-intensive technique of mosaic in Western-Europe, although mosaics were sometimes used as decoration on medieval cathedrals. The Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia) had a mosaic decoration in the apse. It was probably a work of Venetian...
57317a46497a881900248f5f	What nation influenced the Crusaders mosaic styles?	Byzantine	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Crusaders in the Holy Land also adopted mosaic decoration under local Byzantine influence. During their 12th-century reconstruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem they complemented the existing Byzantine mosaics with new ones. Almost nothing of them survived except the \"Ascension o...
57317a46497a881900248f60	Where is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre located?	Jerusalem	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Crusaders in the Holy Land also adopted mosaic decoration under local Byzantine influence. During their 12th-century reconstruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem they complemented the existing Byzantine mosaics with new ones. Almost nothing of them survived except the \"Ascension o...
57317a46497a881900248f61	What is the name of the lone surviving mosaic of the Crusader period?	"Ascension of Christ"	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Crusaders in the Holy Land also adopted mosaic decoration under local Byzantine influence. During their 12th-century reconstruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem they complemented the existing Byzantine mosaics with new ones. Almost nothing of them survived except the \"Ascension o...
57317a46497a881900248f62	Where is the mosaic "Ascension of Christ" located?	in the Latin Chapel	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Crusaders in the Holy Land also adopted mosaic decoration under local Byzantine influence. During their 12th-century reconstruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem they complemented the existing Byzantine mosaics with new ones. Almost nothing of them survived except the \"Ascension o...
57317a46497a881900248f63	The Byzantine emperor, the king of Jerusalem and the Latin Church came together in what year to redecorate the Church of the Holy Sepulchre?	1169	[ "Mosaic\n\nThe Crusaders in the Holy Land also adopted mosaic decoration under local Byzantine influence. During their 12th-century reconstruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem they complemented the existing Byzantine mosaics with new ones. Almost nothing of them survived except the \"Ascension o...
57317b65e6313a140071cf90	when were mosaic pavements uncovered at the Bizere Monastery?	2003	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn 2003, the remains of a mosaic pavement were discovered under the ruins of the Bizere Monastery near the River Mureş in present-day Romania. The panels depict real or fantastic animal, floral, solar and geometric representations. Some archeologists supposed that it was the floor of an Orthodox church, ...
57317b65e6313a140071cf91	Where would the Bizere Monastery be located today?	Romania	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn 2003, the remains of a mosaic pavement were discovered under the ruins of the Bizere Monastery near the River Mureş in present-day Romania. The panels depict real or fantastic animal, floral, solar and geometric representations. Some archeologists supposed that it was the floor of an Orthodox church, ...
57317b65e6313a140071cf92	When were the mosaics at Bizere Monastery created?	between the 10th and 11th century	[ "Mosaic\n\nIn 2003, the remains of a mosaic pavement were discovered under the ruins of the Bizere Monastery near the River Mureş in present-day Romania. The panels depict real or fantastic animal, floral, solar and geometric representations. Some archeologists supposed that it was the floor of an Orthodox church, ...

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