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for instance, there was a 1.2-point increase in IQ. The reality is, the best time to shape your kids' eating habits is while they're still young. This means starting from birth with breast milk and then transitioning to solid foods that have valuable nutrients, like egg yolk, avocado and sweet potatoes. (You can easily... |
list.) From there, ideally you will feed your child healthy foods that your family is also eating -- grass-fed meats, organic veggies, vegetable juice, raw dairy and nuts, and so on. These are the foods your child will thrive on, and it's important they learn what real, healthy food is right from the get-go. This way, ... |
eat junk food here and there at a friend's house, but they will return to real food as the foundation of their diet -- and that habit will continue on with them for a lifetime. This is What Happens When You Let Marketers Dictate Your Kid's Diet … The state of most kids' diets in the United States is not easy to swallow... |
IWG reported: - Nearly 40% of children's diets come from added sugars and unhealthy fats. - Only 21% of youth age 6-19 eat the recommended five or more servings of fruits and vegetables each day This is a veritable recipe for disease, and is a primary reason why today's kids are arguably less healthy than many prior ge... |
pressure -- these are diseases that once appeared only in middle-age and beyond, but are now impacting children. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that by 2050, one in three U.S. adults will have diabetes -- one of them could be your child if you do not take steps to cancel out the mes... |
teach them healthy eating habits. Make no mistake, the advertisers are doing all they can to lure your child in. In fact, last year the food and beverage industry spent more than $40 billion, yes billion, lobbying congress against regulations that would decrease the marketing of unhealthy foods to kids. You can do a lo... |
food manufacturers are allowed to get away with so much -- like putting pictures of fruit all over product packaging when the product actually contains no fruit. A 2011 study by the Prevention Institute even found that 84 percent of food packages that contain symbols specifically intended to help people choose healthie... |
of these "Better-for-You" children's foods were high in sugar, 95 percent contained added sugar, and 21 percent contained artificial colors. So you need to be very wary when buying any processed foods for your kids, even the "healthy" ones, as they will most certainly contain large amounts of fructose with very little ... |
Junk-Food Marketers and Stand Up for Kids' Health The Prevention Institute's "We're Not Buying It" campaign is petitioning President Obama to put voluntary, science-based nutrition guidelines into place for companies that market foods to kids. You can sign this petition now, but I urge you to go a step further and stop... |
Ideally, you and your family will want to vote with your pocketbook and avoid as much processed food as possible and use unprocessed raw, organic and/or locally grown foods as much as possible. Your children should be eating the same wholesome foods you are -- they don't need bright-blue juice or deep-fried "nuggets" a... |
absolutely hooked on fast food and other processed foods, you're going to need some help and most likely some support from friends and family if you want to kick the junk-food lifestyle. Besides surrounding yourself with supportive, like-minded people, you can also review my article "How to Wean Yourself Off Processed ... |
called Generation XL: Raising Healthy, Intelligent Kids in a High-Tech, Junk-Food World. Finally, my nutrition plan offers a step-by-step guide to feed your family right, and I encourage you to read through it now. You need to first educate yourself about proper nutrition and the dangers of junk food and processed food... |
give your child the best start at life, and help instill healthy habits that will last a lifetime, you must lead by example. Children will simply not know which foods are healthy unless you, as a parent, teach it to them first. |
Atlas Faust, MD Dark Matter and Dark Energy These are two words you often hear thrown around and more often that not I come across people who don’t know precisely |
what they are or even that they are two quite different things. So here we go. When you take a look at a galaxy you see a certain characteristic known |
as gravitational lensing where light is warped in a certain way by mass. From this you can deduce an estimate of the mass of the galaxy. However when we compare |
this to the mass we estimated based on the concentration, size and distribution of visible mass within the galaxy we find the two numbers to be at odds and not |
only this but the greatest curving of space time is found in the spaces between objects where nothing can be seen. The difference in masses is believed to be caused |
by the elusive dark matter, so called because it warps spacetime like regular matter but is completely invisible (hence the dark). All in all dark matter constitutes 23% of the |
mass-energy density of the universe and a worrying 83% of the total amount of matter. The universe is made chiefly of stuff you cannot see. Dark energy is also the |
answer to a problem, behaving somewhat like the x value in an algebraic equation we’re forced to solve. The problem lays in the fact that the universe is continuing to |
expand at an ever increasing rate and we have no idea why. When you think about it it really doesn’t make any sense, you would expect the universe’s expansion to |
slow down or at least stay constant but unfortunately this isn’t the case. Thus we call this mysterious energy that is causing the increasing the rate at which the universe |
Australian Museum Marine Invertebrate Collections The Marine Invertebrate collection contains specimens from all invertebrate groups except molluscs, insects and spiders. Crustaceans are animals that have: - a segmented body with |
a hardened shell - seven or more pairs of appendages for feeding, moving and reproduction - limbs which generally have two branches - two pairs of antennae - gills for |
breathing Polychaetes are animals that typically have: - a long, basically cylindrical body - a body segmented both internally and externally - a pair of leg-like appendages (not jointed) attached |
to every body segment About the collection The current focus of the collection is on polychaetes (segmented worms) and crustaceans (lobsters, crayfish, prawns, crabs, seed shrimps, barnacles, slaters and pill |
bugs) which reflects the research interests of the marine invertebrate staff. The Marine Invertebrate collections contain registered specimens, microscope slides, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) preparations and photographic images. They include |
various marine invertebrates, and all other invertebrates except molluscs, insects and spiders, including freshwater and terrestrial representatives. The specimens contained in the collections are predominantly from New South Wales, Australia |
and the Indo-Pacific The type collection comprises more than 9000 type lots, including more than 2000 primary types (types are the original specimens on which the first description of a |
species is based). In addition to the registered collections there are also additional unsorted and unidentified collections, categorised by various taxonomic levels. Combined with the Australian Museum Research Library the |
section also houses one of the largest collections of books and journal reprints in Australia providing taxonomic information on many invertebrate groups. This resource is available for use by scientists, |
students and the public by appointment. The reprint collection is currently being entered onto a computerised bibliographic database. Marine Invertebrate Collections - Overview of taxonomic groups held Dr Stephen Keable |
It's hard to understand from our knowledge of Greek, Egyptian, and other early civilizations with written records how such a magnificent site could not have been discovered by the Spanish. Yet until its discovery in the 1911, Machu Picchu, "the lost city of the Incas," remained forgotten for 400 years. Actually, Machu ... |
Pachacuti Inca as a royal estate and religious retreat in 1460-70. Its location—on a remote secondary road in nearly impassable terrain high above the Urubamba River canyon cloud forest—almost ensured that it would have no administrative, commercial or military use. Any movement in that direction to or from Cusco and t... |
road near Salcantay or by the Lucumayo valley road. Travel was restricted on these roads except by Inca decree. After Pachacuti Inca's death, Machu Picchu remained the property of his allus, or kinship group, who were responsible for maintenance, administration and continued building. As an extraordinary sacred site (l... |
ruler, Huayna Capac, although each in turn built their own estates and palaces. But few outside the Inca's retainers would have known of its existence. The Inca: "Information's Gotta Be Restricted" Of course the compound would have required a steady supply of outside goods. Machu Picchu, like most Inca sites was underg... |
well as attendants, planters, and others. So in order to really understand how Machu Picchu remained a secret, it's necessary to understand how Inca culture constricted travel and information. The Inca were a completely ordered an regimented society. Although great numbers of people were moved around for corporate stat... |
for official travel. The Incas were able to control their remarkable state system through a pyramidal hierarchy with information and direction flowing down through 10 overseers to 100, to 1000 and so on. We know from historical writing and the archaeological record that the Incas did not possess a written language, alt... |
that the Quipu (collection of colored strings and knots) was extensively used for accounting and record keeping. But Quipus need highly trained interpreters to read them, and the Spanish were unable to locate or interrogate even one of these specialists. The Inca also maintained a class or guild of verbal historians. B... |
the Spanish, these historians were scattered and forgotten. But Machu Picchu was mostly forgotten even before the Spanish came. Small pox was the conquistadores' advance guard. Huayna Capac and an estimated 50 percent of the population died of small pox sometime around 1527. Inca government suffered, and after a period... |
probably abandoned at this time—both because it was expensive to maintain and with most of the population dead from war or epidemic, it was hard to find the labor to keep it up. Conquistadores: If It Ain't Gold, We Don't Care The Pizarros arrived in Cusco in 1532. The first wave of Spanish were mostly illiterate, unedu... |
besides wealth and power. By the time scholars and administrators arrived, knowledge of Machu Picchu had been lost. Manco Inca staged a country wide rebellion in 1536. After a failed siege of Cusco, Manco, along with remnants of the court, army and followers, abandoned his headquarters at Ollantaytambo. Fleeing back in... |
sites accessible to the Spanish including Llatapata at the start of the trail to Machu Picchu from the Urubamba River. But by that point it hardly mattered. The Machu Picchu trail and the site itself would have been long overgrown and the approach blocked by seasonal landslides that so hinder backcountry travel in Peru... |
have borrowed heavily from the excellent work of John Hemming, John Rowe and Johan Reinhart. Their writings are a must for anyone attempting an understanding of the Inca and the centuries of cultural development that preceded them. Lost City of the Incas: The Story of Machu Picchu and its Builders, Hiram Bingham, Athen... |
1992 The Conquest of Peru, William H. Prescott, New American Library, 1961. A CLASSIC. The Conquest of the Incas, John Hemming, Hartcourt Brace 1970. Machu Picchu, The Sacred Center, Johan Reinhard, Nuevas Imagenes, Lima. 1991. Details mentioned in this article were accurate at the time of publication |
An Inside Glimpse of Thomas Point Lighthouse Historytesttest Great August 4 article on the Bay’s beacons and guardians for safety. The city of Annapolis holds title to the Thomas Point Light. When I was mayor, I was fortunate to sign the special papers for transfer from the federal government to the city with the Secre... |
Saving the lighthouse by the city was controversial with the Council, several opining it would cost us money. I visited Rose Island Light in Newport, Rhode Island, owned by that city. In 30 years, they had not spent any money. Management was under a non-profit that raised funds for its upkeep. We used the same model. T... |
A consortium of Bay lighthouse volunteers, including the Annapolis Maritime Museum, are the keepers of the light. I feel privileged to have been a part of this transaction and to have my name on the deed. Thought you would be interested in the rest of the story on Thomas Point Light, a real Bay icon. |
Not Just for Kids The Hunt for Falling Leaves... Nature's Color on the Ground by Mary Catherine Ball Being a reporter, I am always looking for an adventure. Last week, I found one. I left work to go on a simple journey, but it turned out to be much more. |
First, I crossed a mud-ridden stream. Then, I came face to face with flying creatures, fighting to get near me. I even endured webmakers spinning my hair into a shiny maze. Where did I go? Into the woods, of course. Why? I wanted to gather some fallen leaves. My luck |
was good that day. I was able to spy lots of different kinds of leaves lying on the ground. Some were leaves I had never seen. Some were still green, while others were changing to their autumn colors. Have you ever hunted for leaves? I wonder if you know the |
names of five of the trees that live in your neighborhood? I bet the answer is no. Well, me neither. So I had five of the leaves analyzed. I had found the leaves from an oak, a beech, a sweet gum tree and more. Now, I invite you to make |
this journey. Narrow body with pointy edges Narrow body with pointy edges May grow berries Good for sap & color 3 distinct leafs May grow nuts This is your task... Travel to the deep, dark woods (in the daylight) to find these 5 leaves. Cut out the page and take |
it with you. Make sure you can match your discovery with mine. Happy leaf-hunting! Stone Soup October 9 (11:30am)-Enjoy lunch and a show. After you eat peanut butter & jelly, watch Stone Soup, performed by the Lost Caravan. Lunch is at noon; show starts at 12:30. Chesapeake Music Hall, Off |
Rt. 50 approaching the Bay Bridge: 410/406-0306. All Aboard October 9 & 10 (2pm)-Chug a chug to Zany Brainy for train fun. Listen to stories and sing railroad songs. Build your own trains. Ages 3+. Zany Brainy, Annap. Harb. Ctr.: 410/266-1447. Tiny Tots Fall for Nature Tues. Oct 12 (10:30am-noon) |
clearing in the woods. Listen to autumn stories and drink warm apple cider. Gather leaves to make a craft. Bring a bag lunch. Kings Landing Park, Huntingtown: 410/535-5327. Musical Minds Wed. Oct. 13 (4-4:45pm)-Music makes the world go round. So sing, listen to stories and play musical instruments. Ages 2-4. |
Chesapeake Children's Museum, Festival at Riva. $8.50; rsvp: 410/266-0677. Nature Designs Deadline Oct. 15-Create your favorite nature scene out of clay or on paper to win prizes. Age categories are 3-5, 6-8 and 9-12 years. Place winners win nature books or statues. All art forms accepted. Take your masterpiece to |
Here's a fine think-piece by Susan Cain that praises some introversion as indispensable for creativity. To some great extent, Socrates and Jesus were solitary men. And the wisdom they shared with us couldn't have been captured in group reports or multi-authored articles. Not only that, we live in a society |
that discourages, in so many ways, thinking for ourselves. We defer so readily to public opinion, fashion, and what the experts say and the studies show. Most studies that show stuff have a lot more than one author. Most books that change our lives have only one, and we don't |
live in a time when many are being written. Just about every good play or novel or painting, of course, has its source in the vision of a single artist. We also see, of course, that in the disciplines that require deep thought and personal interpretation (such as philosophy—especially political |
philosophy—and history), articles almost only have one author. Technical and scientific reports usually have more authors than they do pages. If we want learning to be personal, personal thought has to be encouraged and rewarded. And persons, of course, have to be held personally responsible for both what they've learn... |
and the ways in which they have expressed their thoughts. In a class dealing with "real books" (such as ones written by Plato or Kant or Jane Austen or Pascal or Simone Weil), I find that the best students get less than ten percent of what's really going on, and |
"what's gotten" differs dramatically from student to student. If they had to produce a multi-authored paper, the result would be flattened out to what they can explain to each other. It goes without saying the good students would be particularly shy about expressing their most unconventional thoughts to each other, |
especially ones that have to do with God, love, death, and such to the other group members. They would also be shy about being too enthusiastic or "erotic" about what they've read to others who just didn't work as hard or care as much as they did. (All this is |
why I can't stand "peer review" as even a stage in evaluating student papers.) It also goes without saying that the natural result is for good students to have quite different views on the truth and significance of what they've read—in part, due to what else they've read and their |
personal experiences. How could they possibly write a conclusion based on some consensus that's more than a bunch of feel-good banalities? Good students do, of course, learn from each other through conversation. Part of a great class is something like a Socratic dialogue—keeping in mind that the participant closest to |
Socrates (me) dominates the discussion in various ways. The community of learners doesn't mean that all the learners are equal in the ways relevant to actual learning. In the end: The student paper should be a rather solitary, introverted effort, although not one so introverted that the author is not |
excited about the possibility that the truth can be shared in common. "Shared in common" in the Socratic sense is a long distance from groupthink or what's usually meant by collaborative learning. Another problem with "group projects" as a learning tool is that our society already rewards being witty and |
fashionable and pleasing to others far too much. It also already rewards too much shirkers whose main talent is taking credit for the real work of others. Let sucking up be saved for the actual world of business. It's not a skill that should be rewarded by college credit. Here's |
another problem: Collaborative learning is also often an excuse for professorial laziness. Why read twenty papers when you can read five (written by groups of four)? The group dynamic also means that the papers will only be so good or so bad, and that means that the professor won't be |
taxed by a product that is too "outside the box" of what's expected. If you ever sign up for a class that's a mixture of PowerPoint presentations based on some textbook followed up by group projects and presentations, immediately drop it and ask for your money back. The philosopher Rousseau |
was against taking the idea of dispersing wisdom to everyone characteristic of the Enlightenment too seriously because the real goal of that approach is the production of a vain and pseudo-sophisticated herd of seemingly meritocratic techno-elitists. The philosopher—or the genuinely Enlightened person—is always a law u... |
Report Highlights Declining Health of Caribbean Corals 7 September 2012: A new International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) report highlights that average live coral cover on Caribbean reefs has declined to just 8% of the reef today, compared with |
more than 50% in the 1970s. The report stems from a workshop held by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN) at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in the Republic of Panama, from 29 April-5 May 2012. According to the |
report, rates of decline on most reefs show no signs of slowing. However, many reefs in the Netherlands Antilles and Cayman Islands have 30% or more live coral cover. The causes of these regional differences in reef conditions are not |
well understood, beyond the role of human exploitation and disturbance. Carl Gustaf Lundin, Director, IUCN Global Marine and Polar Programme, notes that the major causes of coral decline include overfishing, pollution, disease, and bleaching caused by rising temperatures resulting from |
the burning of fossil fuels. IUCN has recommended local action to improve the health of corals, including limits on fishing through catch quotas, an extension of marine protected areas (MPAs), a halt to nutrient runoff from land, and a reduction |
Wednesday, January 30, 2013 SUMMARY: This book discusses: *Where to look for birds close to home--often-overlooked spots in cities and suburban neighborhoods that can be bird magnets *How to get deeper by studying the birds around your home and participating in citizen science and conservation projects *Green birding l... |
and groups the green birder can get involved in *Includes advice on how to adapt your equipment to a new style of birding and how to attract more birds to your home garden. RECOMMENDATION: A brief but detailed overview on the subject. 2) Pagel, Mark. Wired For Culture: Origins of |
the Human Social Mind. 2013. W.W. Norton. Paperback: 416 pages. Price: $18.95 U.S. SUMMARY: A unique trait of the human species is that our personalities, lifestyles, and worldviews are shaped by an accident of birth—namely, the culture into which we are born. It is our cultures and not our genes |
that determine which foods we eat, which languages we speak, which people we love and marry, and which people we kill in war. But how did our species develop a mind that is hardwired for culture—and why? Evolutionary biologist Mark Pagel tracks this intriguing question through the last 80,000 years |
of human evolution, revealing how an innate propensity to contribute and conform to the culture of our birth not only enabled human survival and progress in the past but also continues to influence our behavior today. Shedding light on our species’ defining attributes—from art, morality, and altruism to self-interest, ... |
Something astonishing is happening in China. An unfolding story that one Chinese friend told me, “could be a turning point in conservation and wild bird protection in China.” On Sunday |
11 November local people discovered many sick and dying ORIENTAL STORKS (Ciconia boyciana) at Beidagang Reservoir, Tianjin (just 30 mins from Beijing by train). These globally endangered birds - with |
a restricted range in East Asia – had been poisoned illegally by poachers using a chemical called carbofuran that, although banned in the EU, Canada and many other countries, is |
commonly available and used, legitimately, as a pesticide all over China. The storks were possibly unintended victims of well-organised and, sadly, all-too common poaching activity intended to catch swans, ducks |
and geese for the restaurant trade. Carbofuran is mixed with cereal, or given to fish in small man-made pools. Birds lose consciousness after eating the bait, are caught by hand |
and injected with an antidote. The victims are then shipped – usually alive – to restaurants, primarily in southern China. The demand for wild birds is high and they are |
sold as a delicacy, with many consumers, particularly in southern cities like Guangzhou and Shenzhen, believing that wild birds taste better than farmed produce, and they are prepared to pay |
a premium. A wild goose or swan can fetch several hundred Yuan (100 Yuan = 10 GBP). The business is highly profitable. The scale of this activity in China, and |
the range of methods used by poachers to catch wild birds, are covered in an excellent, but sobering, article in the most recent issue of Goose Bulletin. The authors estimate |
that between 80,000 and 120,000 ducks, swans and geese are caught illegally in China for the restaurant trade every year. So what makes the recent case involving Oriental Storks at |
Beidagang such a big deal? The answer is the incredible public reaction, led by local people and driven by social media. The events unfolding at Beidagang, although desperately sad, could |
have been much worse were it not for some dedicated and brave individuals. Local birders, together with volunteers, officials from the Forestry Administration, police and even firemen have been working |
together to help catch, treat and care for these birds. They have set up 24/7 patrols to deter the poachers. All of this has been transmitted on social media and |
the coverage has gone viral. The Chinese micro-blogging service, Weibo, has over 500 million users (on a par with the global membership on Twitter) and activists have been providing regular |
updates that have been ‘re-tweeted’ by a growing band of followers. As I write this post, the latest update has been ‘re-tweeted’ over 900 times to more than a million |
users in less than one hour. This is leading the traditional print and visual media. Already, we are seeing articles relating to this poisoning incident in Chinese and English language |
media, both local and national. All of this follows a recent outcry against the illegal trapping and hunting of wild birds in China, also led by social media. Three weeks |
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