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Pioneering astronomer and physicist Sir Bernard Lovell has died aged 98. Sir Bernard, who was born near Bristol and studied in the city, was the founder of University of Manchester's Jodrell Bank Observatory. Jodrell Bank and the surrounding Cheshire countryside is dominated by the Lovell Radio Telescope, which was con... |
said he was "an inquisitive scientist all the way". A book of condolence has been opened at the observatory's Discovery Centre. Sir Bernard was born in Oldland Common, Gloucestershire, in 1913 and studied at the University of Bristol before joining the University of Manchester's Department of Physics in 1936. During Wo... |
for which he was later awarded an OBE. Following the war, he returned to the university and set about planning the observatory. His iconic 76m (249ft) telescope was completed in 1957. Within days of it becoming operational, it tracked the rocket that carried Sputnik 1 into orbit. The structure remains the third largest... |
a key role in global research on pulsating stars, testing extreme physics theories including Einstein's general theory of relativity. The telescope and his other contributions to radio astronomy led to him being knighted in 1961. Lord Martin Rees, Astronomer Royal, said: "Bernard Lovell ranks as one of the great vision... |
conceive a giant radio telescope, and the persistence to see it through to completion, despite the risk of bankruptcy. "What is even more remarkable is that, more than 50 years later, this instrument (after several upgrades) is still doing 'frontier' science. "I recall the celebrations of the telescope's 50th anniversa... |
in the festivities and made a superb speech. "He rightly took great pride in this lasting monument." A spokesman for the university said Sir Bernard was "warm and generous". He said the astronomer had "retained a keen interest in the development of science at Jodrell Bank and beyond," and added: "Indeed he continued to... |
Observatory until quite recently when ill health intervened." Sir Bernard was also an accomplished musician, a keen cricketer and an internationally-renowned arboriculturalist who created an arboretum at Jodrell Bank. He is survived by four of his five children, 14 grandchildren and 14 great-grandchildren. Professor Co... |
remember once I went to his house and immediately he said 'ah Cox, tell me about this muon' [a sub-atomic particle]. "He knew that I was doing particle physics and thought back to the last time he had thought about such things - he'd been thinking about astronomy for decades - and that's what he wanted to talk about. "... |
was him - all his life, he was a scientist. "He was a pioneer of radio astronomy and almost invented the subject. "He built the leading telescope and that radio study of the sky has contributed a vast amount to our understanding of the universe." RIP Sir Bernard. |
Presenting - 'Amasia', The Next Supercontinent! Ever since Earth has been in existence there have been the formation and breaking apart of many supercontinents - While Pangaea, that existed between 150-300 million years ago is the most well-known, prior to that was Nuna (1.8 billion years ago), Rodina (1 billion years ... |
2 billion year-old rocks containing evidence of magnetic fields, are hard to find. And while most scientists are in agreement that Rodina, Nuna and Pangaea did exist, there is very little consensus on the continents they comprised of - Some experts believe that they were the same ones, while others think that the wande... |
each time - about 180° away from where the previous supercontinent had come together. Now, a group of geologists led by Yale University graduate student Ross Mitchell have a new theory - They think that each supercontinent came together about 90° from its predecessor. That is, the geographic center of Rodina was about ... |
whilst the center of Panagea, believed to have been located near modern-day Africa, was about 88° away from the center from its super giant predecessor, Rodina. These calculations that were reported earlier this year were based not only on the paleolatitude (The latitude of a place at some time in the past, measured re... |
the same period) of the ancient supercontinents, but also, for the first time the paleolongitude, that Ross measured by estimating how the locations of the Earth's magnetic poles have changed through time. While the theory is interesting, what is even more so is that the team has also come up with a model of the next s... |
are accurate, over the next few hundred million years, the tectonic plates under the Americas and Asia will both drift northward and merge. This means that modern day North and South America will come together and become one giant landmass, displacing the Caribbean Sea completely. A similar movement in Eurasia (Austral... |
to disappear causing the continents to fuse with Canada. The result? A ginormous continent that they call 'Amasia'. The one thing that is not too clear is if Antarctica will be part of this or just be left stranded. While many researchers believe that the Yale team's theory is quite feasible, nobody will ever know for ... |
Advice for Parents of ADD/ADHD Children In the United States, 17 million children are diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder, and oftentimes it is accompanied by hyperactivity. Dr. Phil and Dr. Frank Lawlis, author of The ADD Answer, offer advice for parents whose children are diagnosed with the disorder. Educate yo... |
about ADD. In his book, Dr. Lawlis explains that an ADD diagnosis is not a sign of inferior intelligence or a handicap. It does not result in a damaged personality, criminal tendencies, or immoral behavior. ADD is not necessarily a learning disability or a mark of mental immaturity, although such |
conditions can coexist with ADD. Much of the time, the problems of ADD are related to the brain performing at lowered, subdued ranges. Obtain a proper diagnosis. Many times, parents are quick to make evaluations of their children's unruly behavior. "I always look for other reasons, other causation, whenever I |
see behavior spinning out of control," Dr. Phil explains. The symptoms a child exhibits may be caused by factors such as divorce, death of a parent, or a change in school and living situation. There are at least two well-documented ways to determine if your child has a neurologically based |
disorder of ADD or ADHD: a spectrogram or an EEG can identify specific patterns in certain parts of your child's brain. Examine your parenting style. Is the child more difficult with one parent than with the other? It could be that your parenting style is contributing to the problem. Parents |
need to have a unified front that they both can stand behind and enforce. You must support one another in your actions and discipline. Look at ways that you can change your child's environment, including avoiding fights in front of the kids or reacting to your child differently. Don't feel |
guilty about disciplining your child. Dr. Phil tells one mom whose child suffers from ADHD: "You have to be willing to visit the structure. You have to be willing to bring the predictability, the consistency and the discipline. It's not something you should feel guilty about; you should feel guilty |
if you don't do it because he needs the structure. He needs the guidance. He needs the order. He needs the rhythm. He needs all of the things that are necessary to give him a chance to have a flow to his life." Know all the facts before giving your |
child medication to treat ADD. Dr. Phil and Dr. Lawlis both agree that we are overmedicating our children. In his book, The ADD Answer, Dr. Lawlis asks, "Are we using drugs to control our children's behavior instead of being responsible parents? When we teach our children at a young age |
to rely on medications, I fear that we are in danger of creating a generation of pill poppers as a result." Also, medication is only about 50 percent effective, and it decreases in effectiveness from the day your child starts taking them. Dr. Phil clarifies his views about medication for |
ADD: "If it's working for you and your children against a backdrop of responsible parenting, then good for you and you shouldn't substitute my judgment or anyone else's for your own." Monitor your child's diet. "The brain doesn't necessarily use all the foods we give it in the best way, |
and actually the rawer the food, the more natural the food, the easier it is for the brain to metabolize it and use it for its use. So when you create a food that's not natural, that's been fried or created with a great deal of heat, it just doesn't |
work as well," Dr. Lawlis explains. Click here to take Dr. Lawlis' Audit for Diet-related Symptoms of ADD. Consider alternative options. Children can learn to control their brain activity to the point that it can affect their ADD or ADHD. The symptoms of ADD can be controlled through Biofeedback, computer |
images and sounds that show what's going on in the brain. (Dr. Lawlis devotes a whole chapter to this in his book, The ADD Answer). This approach is not an absolute cure for every aspect of ADD. However, it has worked well in helping children learn to control disruptive racing |
thoughts and impulsive behaviors that impair the ability to focus and concentrate. It offers therapies that help ADD children learn to control basic other reactions, such as heart rate and cardiovascular activity. |
Between 35,000 and 45,000 years ago, Neanderthals in Europe and Asia were replaced by the first modern humans. Why and how this transition occurred remains somewhat controversial. New research from the journal Science suggests that sheer numbers may have played a large role in modern humans’ eventual takeover; archeolo... |
Missouri, and parts of Indian Territory, Nebraska, Iowa, Arkansas, and Illinois, printed on bank note paper, full hand coloring, borders in bright rose pink, ornate border of grapes, grape leaves, Native American portrait in oval at each corner; neat line to neat line: 42.8 x 63 cm; border to border: 51 x 71 cm; overal... |
green embossed cloth (14.7 x 9.5 cm), title lettered in gilt on upper cover (Wells’ New Map of Missouri and Eastern Kansas), printed yellow endpaper affixed to inside upper cover (Wells’ List of New Publications). Mild age toning to map, a few stains at top left, clean splits at a few folds (no losses), overall a fine ... |
of the 1858 edition located by OCLC, University of Virginia at Charlottesville). First edition. Not in Modelski’s railroad bibliographies, or other standard sources. Railroads began to be important in the region in the late 1850s, but ironically, the only railroad shown on this map is the Pacific Railroad Line between ... |
to the north and south of St. Louis. Slowly the emigrant and other trails were being replaced by railroad tracks. On the other hand, several proposed lines are indicated, such as one from Jefferson City to Kansas City, and another from Keosauqua, Iowa, to Kansas City. Tooley lists cartographer J.G. Wells (1821-1880) bu... |
that he was active principally in 1857. Circa 1856, Wells published a map of Kansas and Nebraska. In 1857 Wells published an extraordinary amount of material, such as pocket guides for Iowa (Howes W250), Nebraska (Howes W251), and popular guides, such as Wells’ National Hand-Book, and even a book on how to be your own ... |
JERRY McBRIDE/Durango Herald DELTA – In a climate-controlled warehouse here, Colorado Parks and Wildlife, much like a squirrel storing acorns for hard times, is putting away seeds of native plants |
and grasses for forest restoration and wildlife habitat improvement. “We have three mixes here, maybe 15 species in all, that are going to Grand Junction for aerial reseeding in the |
area burned by the Pine Ridge Fire last summer,” Jim Garner, a habitat biologist, said last week while moving pallets of seed bags with a forklift onto a truck. The |
seed mixes, concocted for what will best fit steep slopes, harsh soil and general burn conditions, are among the estimated 140,000 pounds of seed that will be dropped on the |
Pine Ridge burn area. The recently opened 9,000-square-foot seed repository, built at a cost of $1.2 million, is on a mesa in the Escalante Wildlife Area about six miles west |
of Delta. The seed warehouse is an effort to be proactive instead of reactive, Garner said. “We used to buy seed when we needed it,” Garner said. “But we were |
subject to the market price.” As the size, intensity and frequency of wildfires across the West grew, forest officials began to look to the long-range future, Garner said. It was |
clear that stocking up on seeds would avoid scrambling when they were needed for reseeding, he said. Reseeding helps hold off the invasion of non-native species of plants, Garner said. |
Increased recreation and energy exploration can transport non-natives on vehicles. The state agency collects seeds or acquires them from collectors and companies, then sends them to nurseries where they can |
be produced in great number in greenhouses and outdoors, Garner said. The majority of the seeds stocked in the warehouse will be preferred native species, but some non-natives are being |
flowered buckwheat are $80 a pound.” Use of expensive seeds has to be evaluated in the light of project goals and how critical the situation is, he said. The warehouse |
eventually will store about 50 to 70 species of grass and flower seeds, among them sagebrush, mountain brome, dusty penstemon, basin wildrye, Sandberg bluegrass, Oregon daisy, western yarrow and sulphur |
buckwheat. The American dragon head is a native, but it’s aggressive so it has to be used judiciously so as to maintain plant diversity, Garner said. Warehouse stock will include |
seeds for the U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management as well as parks and wildlife projects, Garner said. Temperature is important for storing seeds, Garner said. Seeds |
have been known to remain viable for 25 to 30 years at room temperature, but it’s not a sure thing, he said. Fans at balcony level will keep the temperature |
in the ground-floor storage area in the high 70s or low 80s in the summer when the temperature outside is blistering, Garner said. A small cooler is reserved for more |
finicky seeds, Garner said. Sagebrush seed in a natural setting, for example, lasts a year, but, in the freezer, the seed can be viable for five years. In the cooler, |
the operative rule is to maintain the combination of temperature and relative humidity less than 100, Garner said. The temperature is kept in the low 40s and the relative humidity |
at 32 percent, well below the target. On a more expansive scale, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has a National Center for Genetic Resource Preservation at Colorado State University in |
Fort Collins. Plant scientists and researchers globally have turned to the bank after natural disasters and in their search for plants with properties that increase their ability to meet medicinal, |
nutritional and climatic demands. The Delta warehouse has no ties to the federal program, Garner said. The 140,000 pounds of seed will be spread on almost 14,000 fire-scorched acres north |
of Grand Junction, said David Boyd, spokesman for the Bureau of Land Management in northwest Colorado. “The reseeding is expected to take five days of flying,” Boyd said. “We want |
to do it while there is snow on the ground.” The cost of seed and airplanes is $1 million, Boyd said. “We want to get native seeds down to stabilize |
the soil before invasive species get started,” Boyd said. “Cheat grass is a concern because it’s not good for livestock or wildlife and it tends to dry quickly, which perpetuates |
the fire cycle.” Reseeding with seeds from the same area is preferable because the same species can have slight differences depending on latitude. Sagebrush in Colorado and Idaho could differ |
slightly, Joe Lewandowski, a spokesman for Colorado Park and Wildlife in Durango, said. The idea for the seed warehouse germinated as a result of the Uncompahgre Plateau Project, a native |
plant program of Colorado Parks and Wildlife, federal and state agencies and utility companies. Since 2002, the partners have harvested seeds from 1.2 million acres of timberland west of Montrose |
Can Nutrition Affect Hair Growth? Tocotrienols—a natural compound related to vitamin E—may increase hair growth by as much as 34% Hair loss can cause low self-esteem and a lack of confidence in both men and women. Now a study in |
Tropical Life Sciences Research holds promise for hair-loss sufferers and reports that tocotrienols—a natural compound related to vitamin E—may increase hair growth by as much as 34%. Counting the hairs on your head Vitamin E is made up of four |
tocotrienols and tocopherols, respectively called alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. In this study, 38 people (mostly men) with hair loss, were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg of mixed tocotrienols plus 46 IU of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) or placebo daily |
for eight months. The number of scalp hairs in a specific area of each participant’s head was monitored at four and eight months. The tocotrienol group experienced an average of 34% more scalp hairs compared with the placebo group who |
experienced a slight decrease. There was no significant increase in the weight of hair clippings in either group during or after the intervention. The study authors comment, “A possible explanation for the effects could be due to the potent antioxidant |
activity of tocotrienols that help to reduce lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in the scalp, which are known to be associated with alopecia (hair loss).” This is a small study, and further research is needed to investigate and confirm the |
role of tocotrienols in preventing hair loss. Tips for dealing with hair loss - See a doctor. If you are experiencing hair loss that concerns you, see a doctor. A doctor can help determine if your hair loss is a |
natural result of aging or is caused by other factors such as nutritional deficiencies, medication side effects, or thyroid, skin, or autoimmune disease. A doctor can also help you choose from a number of conventional and natural options that may |
help reduce hair loss and improve growth. - Don’t let it get you down. In addition to hair’s social importance, it also serves physical functions, such as protecting your scalp from the sun. Hair loss can affect a person emotionally, |
and anyone who experiences unwanted hair loss should reach out to a health professional for help. (Tropical Life Sciences Research 2010;21:91–9) Jane Hart, MD, board-certified in internal medicine, serves in a variety of professional roles including consultant, journalist, and educator. |
Dr. Hart, a Clinical Instructor at Case Medical School in Cleveland, Ohio, writes extensively about health and wellness and a variety of other topics for nationally recognized organizations, websites, and print publications. Sought out for her expertise in the areas |
of integrative and preventive medicine, she is frequently quoted by national and local media. Dr. Hart is a professional lecturer for healthcare professionals, consumers, and youth and is a regular corporate speaker. |
The Smart Student's Handbook provides information to motivate and guide students on the path to a successful academic career. It will also help parents and organizations that are sponsoring students to monitor their educational performance. Author Leevon Washington Phillips's unique scholastic guide is filled with valu... |
as a whole - Study, assignment, and examination tips - Assignment and performance tracking forms - Class and study timetables - A monthly planner/journal By helping students to better organize their studies, The Smart Student's Handbook inspires students to succeed in their academic pursuits, provides a means of assess... |
Researchers at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) have developed an inexpensive solar cell that can be painted or printed on flexible plastic sheets. “Someday, homeowners will even be able to print sheets of these solar cells with inexpensive home-based inkjet printers. Consumers can then slap the finished produ... |
Ph.D., lead researcher, professor and acting chair of NJIT’s Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences. Harvesting energy directly from abundant solar radiation using solar cells is increasingly emerging as a major component of future global energy strategy, Mitra said. Yet, when it comes to harnessing renewab... |
such as wind or hydroelectric power plants. Purified silicon, also used for making computer chips, which continue to rise in demand, is a core material for fabricating conventional solar cells. However, the processing of a material such as purified silicon is beyond the reach of most consumers. “Developing organic sola... |
foresee a great deal of interest in our work because solar cells can be inexpensively printed or simply painted on exterior building walls and/or rooftops. Imagine some day driving in your hybrid car with a solar panel painted on the roof, which is producing electricity to drive the engine. The opportunities are endles... |
which is a molecular configuration of carbon in a cylindrical shape. Although estimated to be 50,000 times smaller than a human hair, just one nanotube can conduct current better than any conventional electrical wire. Mitra and his research team took the carbon nanotubes and combined them with tiny carbon fullerenes (s... |
make electrons flow. Add sunlight to excite the polymers, and the buckyballs will grab the electrons. Nanotubes, behaving like copper wires, then will be able to make the electrons or current flow. “Someday, I hope to see this process become an inexpensive energy alternative for households around the world,” Mitra said... |
Food systems are often described as comprising four sets of activities: those involved in food production, processing and packaging, distribution and retail, and consumption. All encompass social, economic, political, and |
environmental processes and dimensions. To analyze the interactions between global environmental change and food systems, as well as the tradeoffs among food security and environmental goals, a food system can |
be more broadly conceived as including the determinants (or drivers) and outcomes of these activities. The determinants comprise the interactions between and within biogeophysical and human environments that determine how |
food system activities are performed. These activities lead to a number of outcomes, some of which contribute to food security and others that relate to the environment and other societal |
concerns. These outcomes are also affected directly by the determinants. Food security is the principal policy objective of a food system. Food security outcomes are described in terms of three |
components and their subcomponents: food availability, i.e., production, distribution, and exchange; food access, i.e., affordability, allocation, and preference; and food use, i.e., nutritional and social values and safety. Although the |
food system activities have a large influence on food security outcomes, these outcomes are also determined directly by socio-political and environmental drivers. These outcomes vary by historical, political, and social |
Contrary to popular belief cranberries do not grow in water. They grow in beds called 'bogs' made of impermeable layers of sand, peat, gravel, clay and organic decaying matter from the cranberry vines. The vines can only grow and survive when special conditions exist such as an acid peat soil, an adequate supply of fre... |
sand and a long growing season that extends from April to November. There are two main methods of harvesting cranberries - dry and wet harvesting. EDEN Organic Dried Cranberries are a native American variety Vaccinium macrocarpon organically grown on family owned cranberry bogs in Québec, Canada. Ours are wet harvested... |
floods the bog with about 12 to 18 inches of water. Next, a simple machine called a 'water reel' stirs up the water and loosens the cranberries from their vines. The water reel is nicknamed the 'egg beater' and resembles a paddle boat. Cranberries have small air bubbles in the center, and once loosened from the vines t... |
flooded bog. Harvesters wade out into the bog when all the cranberries are on the surface. Using a specially designed gathering device they hand corral the berries into a large circle forming a thick red carpet of berries which are then loaded into trucks and taken to the processing station. Here the cranberries are cl... |
cranberries are thawed and infused by immersing them in organic apple juice concentrate that is circulated over them until they reach just the right sweetness or 'Brix'. The infused cranberries are then rinsed, low heat dried, and coated very lightly with a mist of organic sunflower oil to prevent clumping. The low hea... |
become shelf stable, requiring no refrigeration. Unlike most commercial dried fruit, EDEN Organic Dried Cranberries contain no added refined sugar or high fructose corn syrup. We use NO sulfites, chemical preservatives, or additives of any kind. Cranberries are native to North America and were first used centuries ago ... |
a food source, but also as a dye for rugs, blankets and clothing, and as a healing plant to treat arrow wounds. American Indians had many names for the cranberry such as 'sasamanesh, ibimi, and atogua'. To the Delaware Indians it was a symbol of peace. Many native Americans believed that the berries had a special power... |
name comes from early Dutch and German settlers who named the fruit, 'crane berry', because its small, pink blossoms resembled the head and bill of a Sandhill crane. Although folklore and anecdotal accounts of cranberries healthful properties (especially the benefits to urinary tract health) have been touted for centur... |
nutrients like antioxidants and other natural compounds, cranberries are a great choice for the health conscious. The USDA recently found that the high phenolic content in cranberries delivers a potent antioxidant punch, rating it one of the highest out of 20 common fruits rated. To determine the antioxidant activity o... |
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