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once normally then, once with expression and being more fluent than before while the rest if the group listens tentatively. Remind the students if they come to a word they |
do not know, just blend the words using the sounds of each phoneme. 3. After reading the books each group will be told to pick an order in which their |
group will read the book to the rest of the class. 4. Each person from each group will read aloud their part of the book with the puppet. The books |
will switch groups during the week so that each group is able to read all four books. The above process from the first day will be repeated and the groups |
will switch puppets. Each group will have the opportunity to use each puppet. Each student will have the opportunity to read aloud to the class each of the four days. |
This is how I will assess their individual reading. I will keep a checklist of the word miscues as well as a sheet that describes the flow of the studentís |
reading. 5. This activity may last for four days or more. Books can be added and the activity could last longer. To wrap up the lesson each day, the teacher |
will read an entirely new book to students to model reading fluently and expressively. Reference: Eldredge, J.L. (1995). Teaching Decoding in Holistic Classrooms. New Jersey: Printice Hall (p. 125). Click |
The first settlement in this area was made by Hugh Asbury, John Reel, More information is available at In 1868, a miner by the name of Winters took $40,000 in gold in seven In 1884, the Transcontinental Railroad reached Baker City. Then the area began to "boom". The town of |
Sumpter was platted in 1886, The real activity was from 1899-1903, with the opening of numerous There were baseball and basketball teams, a race track, undertaker, several assayers, a brewery, dairy, two cigar factories, an extensive China Town, hospital, sixteen saloons, livery stables and blacksmith shops, five hotels, a clothing |
store, three general stores, a public school with 200 students, an opera house, two banks, four churches, a telephone system, newspapers and a fire department. By 1901, Sumpter had grown to more than 30,000 people and 81 businesses. In 1905 and 1906, the mines began to lose their yield, many |
shutting down, Then in 1913, with the Columbia Mine still in operation, the dredging of the It was Sunday, August 13, 1917. Thus ended the most successful period Sumpter would ever have to this day. The No. 2 dredge continued working until 1923, the No. 1 until 1924. The dredge |
that rests at the edge of Sumpter today was built by the Sumpter Valley Dredging Company in 1935. During World War II, it ceased operation from 1942-1945. It then operated under various owners until all dredging ceased in 1954. The dredge recovered more than $4.5 Million in gold during its' |
operation. If you would like to to this history page, Own a business, have a club or organization in Sumpter BAKERCOUNTY.NET is © Copyright, owned and maintained by Louise Shreffler |
Magna Carta on display at London's Guildhall Art Gallery One of the best preserved 13th Century copies of the Magna Carta has gone on display in London. The document, which |
dates from 1297, will be on display at the Guildhall Art Gallery until 17:00 BST. It includes the original writ directed to the Sheriffs of London ordering that the charter |
be announced within the city. The original Magna Carta was published in 1215. The Magna Carta, which is Latin for "great charter", is one of the most famous documents in |
English history. An agreement between King John and the barons of England, it was seen at the time as the solution to a political crisis in medieval England. It guaranteed |
Calf of Man islet rat-cull project calls for volunteers An appeal for volunteers has been launched in the Isle of Man in an effort to eradicate the rat population on a small bird sanctuary in the Irish Sea. Although wading through damp heather and laying rat traps may not be |
everybody's idea of a fun weekend, many have already come forward. The shifts, on the isolated islet of the Calf of Man, run for about a week at a time. Applicants are encouraged to have a set of wet-weather clothing, a good level of fitness and, above all, a flexible |
schedule. Kate Hawkins from Manx National Heritage (MNH), the organisation behind the project, said there was always the chance of getting marooned, especially in the winter. "We have been stockpiling food, equipment and fuel since March so people won't go hungry or cold but you may find your schedule changes |
at the last minute, there is nothing you can do about the weather," she said.'Catastrophic' decline Located off the southern tip of the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea, the Calf of Man has been a bird observatory since 1959. The MNH rat-culling scheme is being supported by the |
RSPB and will cost in the region of £50,000. It is hoped it will help establish a safe breeding ground for Manx Shearwater birds which have seen "catastrophic decline" in number since the arrival of rats. By the beginning of the 19th Century, the colony was all but wiped out |
as a result of rats preying on chicks, eggs and adult birds. Rodent control has taken place since 1979 but there is a persistent residual population of rats. In addition to conserving the Manx Shearwater, the project is anticipated to provide a more favourable environment for burrow-nesting birds such as |
storm petrels and puffins, potentially leading to colonisation and breeding. Ms Hawkins said: "We think rats must be able to swim distances of up to about a kilometre (0.6 mile). "In periods of slack water, they may be getting across from the Sound on the Isle of Man or it's |
feasible they may have been stowaways on fishing vessels." The culling scheme involves laying an island-wide grid of metre-length plastic drainage pipes which are pegged securely to the ground. End Quote Kate Hawkins There's no traffic and mobile phone signals are patchy so you just have to get on with |
it and enjoy it” The pipes have flaps where the rats can enter and eat the poisonous bait, but the process takes time. "Rats have a tendency towards something called Neophobia, which means they are frightened of anything new appearing in their territory," continued Ms Hawkins.'Quite tranquil' "That is why |
we have to give them a couple of weeks to get used to a benign grid before we put the bait inside." A special kind of "block bait" is used which prevents the poison entering the environment and harming other forms of wildlife. Once the grid has been established and |
the bait laid, it has to monitored regularly and about about six people have been involved at any one time- a combination of volunteers, wardens and environmental officials. In about two years, it is hoped the Calf of Man will be able to declare itself a rat-free zone but that |
does not necessarily mean an end to the work. A different kind of bait made form wax, a particular favourite of the brown rat, will then be put down to indicate if and when the rodents return. Places for volunteers are still available for November and December and any enquiries |
should be directed towards the Manx Wildlife Trust. "We are hoping the idea will appeal to people who just want to get away for a few days- the Calf is quite a tranquil place to be," added Ms Hawkins. "Although it is a small island, people can still get lost |
so everyone carries a walkie talkie. "The accommodation is basic (bunk beds) but it is warm and comfortable with wood-burning stoves. "There's no traffic and mobile phone signals are patchy so you just have to get on with it and enjoy the experience and the beautiful scenery." The Calf Manx |
Steller Sea Lions Latin Name: Eumetopias jubatus How often and when do we see them... These animals can be seen year round, although they tend to be mostly sighted during |
the fall and winter months, either swimming or on the land, particularly around the Race Rocks marine reserve. Size & Description: The Stellar Sea Lion is a common species of |
Pinniped seen in the local waters around Vancouver Island during the fall/winter periods. Being the largest of the Otarrids (eared-seals), they are a very distinct brown colour and tend to |
make a growling/loud belching sound. They can weigh up to 1.2 tons and can be up to 7ft-9.25ft (2.4m-2.8m) in length. The males are unmistakably bigger than females, often up |
3 times the size. In the wild, these males live up to 18 years and females up to 30 years. Females will generally begin to reproduce around age 5 and |
typically have one pup per year. Diet & Feeding: Steller Sea Lions do enjoy feeding on a wide array of fish species and cephalopods (octopus and squid species). Their incredible |
swimming ability allows them to easily catch approximately 6% of their body weight in food daily. · Breeding – Stellar Sea Lion populations mate and breed in certain beaches, known |
as rookeries. This tends to happen in the spring/summer period for North America. The males will aggressively fight one another in order to hold a territory, although the majority of |
males are unable to do this until they reach approximately 9-10 years of age. Females will choose a territory based on their perception or preference of a good place to |
give birth and raise their pup. Whichever male's territory they choose is the one who will get to mate with them once they have given birth. So in other words |
if you are a male Stellar Sea Lion it is all about location in the dating game. Another cool fact is how a mum and her pup recognise and identify |
with each other once she comes back from foraging for food for the day, it is through their keen sense of smell - Note - these rookeries are covered with |
little to no rocks showing due to the amount of animals covering them. · Under the water – Steller sea lions are graceful and mesmerizing to watch under the water. |
During their stay in the local waters, they can be seen on land around Race Rocks, which also tends to be an incredible dive site. Diving with these animals is |
an unforgettable experience, as their playful nature and curiosity causes them to come within inches of your body. They also have the tendency to use you as a chew toy |
as well. Threats & Conservation: Since the 1980s, it has been reported that a massive decline in the Stellar Sea Lion population has occurred, with over 75% of the population |
disappearing. The cause or combination of causes that have resulted in such a dramatic decrease in the population is unknown, and there are currently numerous studies being undertaken in order |
to determine the cause or causes of the population decrease. According to Vancouver Aquarium, factors that may be playing a key role in this decline include: overfishing of preferred prey |
stock, an increase in predation by Orca, and an increase in competition for food by other animals and humans. For more information We recommend you visit these websites: *Note - |
Watching a pipa player is as impressive as listening to the music. The musician’s fingers move at lightening speeds with amazing dexterity. In addition, playing involves the whole body, embodying the emotions behind the composition being played. Recently, the music of the pipa has been heard in several popular movies. The music can be powerful and fast, like the racing |
of an epic battle. Or it can be calming as if in riposte. Or it can be sorrowful, invoking the passion of past loves. The original pipa comes to us from the second century BC. Poetry and drawings depict an instrument held horizontally and named for the forward (pi) and backwards (pa) plucking of the strands. The instrument evolved over |
time to have four strings and twelve frets. It is believed that the design of the instrument was influenced by a Persian instrument called an “oud”, a popular instrument along the Silk Roads. Unlike the original pipa, the oud was played vertically. Today’s pipa appears to be a combination of the techniques of both original instruments to form its unique |
characteristics. The number of frets have gone up to around twenty, providing the artist an even wider range of sounds. The pipa has a long history with the Chinese people. Compositions were passed from master to student over hundreds of years. While many of these compositions have been lost over time, several still exist to delight listeners today. As the |
Chinese people rediscover their history, so too has there been a reemergence in interest in classical instruments such as the pipa. Some contemporary performers have even started to also integrate the music with western sounds to create a new generation of pipa music. For an example of a powerful pipa performance, one of the world famous artists, Liu Fang, had |
Guest Author - Alissa Moy Preschoolers love to paint! Here are some fun ways to paint with your preschooler: 1. Offer a variety of painting tools- toothbrushes, golf balls, ping pong balls, plastic spoons and forks, old makeup brushes (clean), erasers and more. 2. Use vegetable and fruit pieces to |
liven up a painting. Cut potato, apple, carrot, zucchini, radish, and pear pieces to dip and paint and print with. Be sure to throw the pieces away after painting. 3. Use a variety of materials to paint on, such as styrofoam plates, paper plates, shoeboxes, cardboard and newspaper. Crayola even |
makes a sidewalk paint! 4. Find odd shaped foods to dip in paint and create textures and patterns. Ideas include popcorn, lollipops, pretzel sticks, gummy bears, lettuce leaves and potato chip edges. Just remember to explain that whatever has paint is not edible. 5. Ease into an easel- set out |
a great easel like the Melissa and Doug Standing Easel or the Step Two Easel for two. Place a variety of paints out and encourage your budding artist. 6. Paint to different types of music, such as classical, rock and country. Encourage your child to paint what he or she |
hears in the music. 7. Roll your painting with balls of various sizes, marbles, and actual paint rollers. 8. Drop paint with eye droppers and create a teardrop effect. 9. Use Q-Tips to create a Pointillism painting. 10. Choose a theme for painting a picture, such as a holiday or |
favorite character. 11. Paint a scene from a storybook. 12. Trace your child on butcher block paper and have him or her paint themselves to life! 13. Compare and contrast watercolor and tempera paints. Try painting the same scene using both types of paints and discuss and determine which paint |
worked best. 14. Paint a banner on an old sheet. 15. Paint a tee shirt with a fun kit! Enjoy all of the ideas above for a fun array of painting activities with your preschooler. Painting is a wonderful large and small muscle craft that promotes creativity and artistic talent. |
(Beyond Pesticides, June 13, 2011) A new report released early last week shows that industry regulators have known for a long time that glyphosate, the active ingredient in the world’s best selling herbicide, RoundUp, causes birth defects. The report, “RoundUp and Birth Defects: Is the public being kept in the |
dark?” published by Earth Open Source, says that regulators misled the public about the safety of glyphosate for over 20 years. According to the report, the German government has known since 1998 and the EU Commission’s expert scientific review panel has known since 1999 that glyphosate causes malformations. As recently |
as last year, however, the German Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety told the Commission that there was no evidence of glyphosate causing birth defects. Meanwhile, these actions by industry and regualtors that have kept the public in the dark, the authors point out, has seriously endangered public |
health. Considering that Monsanto, as well as other producers of genetically engineered (GE) seeds are now pushing for glyphosate-tolerant crop approval in Europe, this is particularly disconcerting. If the Commission grants the approval as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) had done for GE alfalfa and sugar beets in the |
U.S, there will likely a stark increase in the use of glyphosate and have devastating consequences. Contrary to industry claims that the proliferation of herbicide tolerant GE crops would result in lower pesticide use rates, the data shows that overall use of pesticides has remained relatively steady, while glyphosate use |
has skyrocketed to more than double the amount used just five years ago. Glyphosate is a general herbicide used for eradication of broadleaf weeds. It has been linked to a number of serious human health effects, including increased cancer risk and neurotoxicity as well as eye, skin, and respiratory irritation. |
One of the inert ingredients in product formulations of Roundup, polyoxyethyleneamine (POEA), kills human embryonic cells. It is also of particular concern due to its toxicity to aquatic species as well as instances of serious human health effects from acute exposure. In 2009, Beyond Pesticides, submitted comments to the U.S. |
Environment Protection Agency (EPA) showing new and emerging science which illustrates that glyphosate and its formulated products pose unreasonable risk to human and environmental health, and as such should not be considered eligible for continued registration. Some of the most widespread uses of glyphosate that have been attracting public attention |
include its use in invasive weed management and home gardening. The increase of glyphosate use in these areas is directly tied to the larger problem of poor land management, including over grazing, over development, soil compaction and other stressors. Glyphosate has replaced ecologically sound and sustainable cultural practices such as |
green-mulching and preventive maintenance such as aeration and dethatching. As researchers scramble to find new ways of chemically coping with weed control and increased weed resistance to chemicals, they overlook the glaring fact that there already exist alternative systems such as organic farming, which erases the need for these drastic |
measures through its systemic pest preventon approaches. Organic farming can be at least as productive as conventional, chemically-reliant farming while having none of the toxic side effects which create significant risks to ecosystems and human health. To learn more, see our page on organic food and agriculture. For more information |
regarding genetic engineering of agricultural crops and the recent controversy surrounding USDA’s approval of several new varieties, including GE alfalfa and GE sugar beets, see our genetic engineering program page and other Daily News blog entries. Source: Huffington Post |
Conservation Strategists Meet for Plant Protection in China 17th March 2008 Following the launch of China's first-ever nationwide plant conservation strategy in early 2007, in late February this year foresters, botanists and arboriculturalists from all over China gathered to discuss |
the role of botanic gardens in implementing this strategy. High on the agenda was the carving out of an action plan for the conservation of China's most threatened tree species. Priorities for Plant Conservation Opened at the inauguration of BGCI's |
China office, situated in the lush grounds of the South China Botanical Garden, the workshop considered ways to publicise the Chinese Strategy for Plant Conservation (CSPC). The experts also identified priority projects and funding sources for its implementation over 2008-2010. |
The meeting established that a key role botanic gardens could play in the implementation of this strategy was through planning for the integrated conservation of globally endangered trees in China (target 8 of the CSPC). With this in mind, delegates |
sought to review gaps in ex situ collections for such species, in particular for critically endangered oaks, maples and magnolias, as well as agreeing species priorities and locations & methodologies for restoration. Key themes in the discussion centred around the |
legal and policy framework of ex and in situ conservation, as well as how to capitalise on the lessons learnt in integrated conservation for future conservation initiatives. China Takes Action to Halt Looming "Biodiversity Crisis" With its remarkable diversity of |
wild flora under threat from explosive economic growth, this week China announces a radical new ‘National Strategy for Plant Conservation’. 26th August 2010 3rd September 2008 13th July 2006 China - Guangdong - Guangzhou |
Free Energy - Fact or Fiction? While in college Tesla thought it could be possible to operate an electrical motor without sparking brushes. He was told by the professor that such a motor would require perpetual motion and was therefore impossible. Tesla was determined to prove him wrong. In the |
1880's, despite his professors scoffs, Tesla patented the alternating current generator, motor, and transformer. During the 1890's he intensively investigated other methods of power generation including a charged particle collector patented in 1901. When the New York Times in June of 1902 carried a story about an inventor who claimed |
he had invented an electrical generator that did not require a prime mover in the form of an external fuel supply, Tesla wrote a friend that he had already invented such a Tesla claimed the invention was an electrical generator that would not consume any fuel. Such a generator would |
be its own prime mover and was utterly impossible according to modern scientists. Ninety to a hundred years ago, everybody knew that a heavier-than-air machine could not possibly fly. It would violate the laws of physics. This was the learned opinion of practically all of the so-called experts on the |
matter. For example, Simon Newcomb declared in 1901: "The demonstration that no possible combination of known substances, known forms of machinery and known forms of force, can be united in a practical machine by which man shall fly long distances through the air." Fortunately, a few people such as the |
Wright Brothers wouldn't accept such pronouncements as the final word. Now we take heavier than air flight for granted. Today, orthodox physicists and other scientists are saying similar things against the idea of free energy technologies. They use negative terms such as pseudoscience and perpetual motion, and citing physical laws |
which assert that energy cannot be created or destroyed (1st law of thermodynamics), and there is always a decrease in useful energy (2nd law of thermodynamics). Free energy inventions are devices which can tap a seemingly unlimited supply of energy from the universe, without burning any kind of fuel, creating |
the perfect solution to the worldwide energy crisis and its associated pollution, degradation, and depletion of the environment. Most free energy devices probably do not create energy, but rather tap into existing natural energy sources by various forms of induction. Unlike solar or wind devices, free energy devices need little |
or no energy storage capacity, because they can tap as much energy as needed when needed. Properly designed, free energy devices do not have any limitations. In The Brooklyn Eagle newspaper, Tesla announced, on July 10th, "I have harnessed the cosmic rays and caused them to operate a motive device." |
Later on in the same article he said that: "More than 25 years ago I began my efforts to harness the cosmic rays and I can now state that I have succeeded." In 1933, he made the same assertion in an article for the American, under the lead in: Device |
to Harness Cosmic Energy Claimed "This new power for the driving of the world's machinery will be derived from the energy which operates the universe, the cosmic energy, whose central source for the earth is the sun and which is everywhere present in Dating back more than 25 years ago |
from 1933 would mean that the device Tesla was speaking about must have been built before 1908. Almost certainly the idea had occurred to Tesla years earlier. More precise information is available through his correspondence now located in the Columbia University Library's Electricity Without Burning Fuel Writing on June 10th, |
1902 to his friend Robert U. Johnson, editor of Century Magazine, Tesla included a clipping from the previous day's New York Herald about Clemente Figueras, a woods and forest engineer in Las Palmas, capital of the Canary Islands, who had invented a device for generating electricity without burning fuel. What |
became of Figueras and his fuel-less generator is not known, but this announcement in the paper prompted Tesla, in his letter to Johnson, to claim he had already developed such a device and had revealed the underlying physical laws. Other U.S. patents have been filed: (#3,811,058, #3,879,622, and #4,151,431), for |
example, for motors that run exclusively on permanent energy, seemingly tapping into energy circulating through the earth's magnetic field. The first two require a feedback network in order to be self-running. The third one, (as described in detail in Science & Mechanics magazine, Spring, 1980), requires critical sizes, shapes, orientations, |
and spacings of magnets, but no feedback. Such a motor could drive an electric generator or reversible heat pump in one's home, year round, for free. [Complete descriptive copies of U.S. patents are $3.00 each from the U.S. Patent Office, 2021 Jefferson Davis Hwy., Arlington, VA22202; correct 7-digit patent number |
According to Oliver Nichelson, who has made extensive studies of Tesla and free energy machines, the device that, at first, seems to best fit Tesla's claims is found in his patent for an "Apparatus for the Utilization of Radiant Energy" Number 685,957, that was filed for on March 21, 1901 |
and granted on November 5, 1901. "Apparatus for the Utilization of Radiant Energy" filed on March 21, 1901 and granted on November 5, 1901. The concept behind the older technical language is simple -an insulated metal plate is put as high as possible into the air. Another metal plate is |
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