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bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Consistency of measurement. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Reliability | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Extent to which a measure assesses what it purports to measure. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Validity | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Tendencies of research participants to distort their responses to questionnaire items. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Response Sets | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Informing research participants of what is involved in a study before asking them to participate. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Informed Consent | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Application of mathematics to describing and analyzing data. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Statistics | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Numerical characterizations that describe data. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Descriptive Statistics | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Measure of the "central" scores in a data set, or where the group tends to cluster. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Central Tendency | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Average, a measure of central tendency. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Mean | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Middle score of a data set; a measure of central tendency. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Median | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Most frequent score of a data set; a measure of central tendency. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Mode | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Measure of how loosely or tightly bunched scores are. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Dispersion | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Difference between highest and lowest scores; a measure of dispersion. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Range | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Measure of dispersion that takes into account how far each data point is from the mean. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Standard Deviation | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Mathematical methods that allow us to determine whether we can generalize findings from our sample to the full population. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Inferential Statistics | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Numerous examples from history and recent times demonstrate that our intuitions that a particular phenomenon has occurred can be wrong. Only when there is an objective, consistent, replicable measure can we confirm our subjective hunches. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Explain what research designs accomplish that we can't discover by intuition alone. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Our heuristics are highly useful but can sometimes steer us wrong. Representativeness and availability heuristics can lead us to rely too heavily on inaccurate measures of the probability of events. Biases such as hindsight bias and overconfidence can lead us to overestimate our ability to predict outcomes accurately. ... | Identify heuristics and biases that prevent us from thinking clearly about psychology. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Four key types of research designs are naturalistic observation, case studies, correlational designs, and experimental designs. Naturalistic observation involves recording behaviours in real-world settings but are often not carefully controlled. Case studies involve examining one or a few individuals over long periods ... | Distinguish the types of research designs and the conclusions we can learn from each. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Placebo effects, experimenter expectancy effects, and response sets are examples of problems in research designs that can lead to faulty conclusions. Other limitations, such as halo effects and errors of central tendency often arise for rating data. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Identify the potential pitfalls of each research design that can lead to faulty conclusions. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Concerns about ethical treatment of research participants have led research institutions to establish research ethics baords (REBs) that review all research and require informed consent by participants. In some cases, they may also require a full debriefing at the conclusion of the research session. [Prefrontal Lobotom... | Explain the ethical obligations of researchers toward their research participants. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Animal research has led to clear benefits in our understanding of human learning, brain physiology, and psychological treatment, to mention only a few advances. To answer many critcal psychological questions, there are simply no good alternatives to using animals. Those who question the ethics of animal research have r... | Describe both sides of the debate on the use of animals as research subjects. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Three measures of central tendency are mean, median, and mode. The mean is the average of all scores. The median is the middle score. The mode is the most frequest score. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Explain how to calculate measures of central tendency. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Among the three measures of central tendency, the mean is the most widely used measure and is also the most sensitive to extreme scores. Two measures of dispersion are the range and standard deviation. THe range is a more intuitive measure of variability, but can yield a deceptive pictures of how spread out or clustere... | Identify uses of various measures of central tendency and dispersion. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Reporting measures of central tendency that are nonrepresentative of most participants, creating visual representations that exaggerate effects, and failing to take base rates into account are all frequent methods of manipulating statistics for the purposes of persuasion. [Prefrontal Lobotomy] | Show how statistics can be misused for purposes of persuasion. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | Good research design requires not only random assignment and manipulation of an independent variable, but also inclusion of an appropriate control consition to rule out placebo effects. Most important, it requires careful attention to the possibility of alternative explanations of observed effects. [Prefrontal Lobotomy... | Identify flaws in research designs. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
bc0193cf_Methods__Flashcards___Cram_com__Prefrontal_Lobotomy | To evaluate psychological claims in the news and elsewhere in the popular media, we should bear in mind that few psychology reporters have formal psychological training. When considering media claims, we should consider the source, bewards of excessive sharpening and levelling, and be on the lookout for pseudosymmetry.... | Identify skills for evaluating psychological claims in the popular media. | [] | PSY102 - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Flashcards - Cram.com | Prefrontal Lobotomy | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/psy102-unit-2-research-methods-2084911 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00160-ip-10-236-191-2_375283089_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Created by a vibration; a disturbance that transfers energy throught matter and empty space. [1] | Wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Matter; the stuff waves travel through. [1] | Medium | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] A wave where the medium moves at right angles to the motion of the wave [1] | Transverse Wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Awave where the medium moves at rigin the same direction as the motion of the wave [1] | Compression Wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The amount of energy a wave transfers [1] | Amplitude | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Highest point of a transverse wave. [1] | Crest | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Lowest point of a transvserse wave [1] | Trough | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The length of one wave - includes one crest and one trough. Measured in cm etc. [1] | Wavelength of Transverse wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The height of the crest or the depth of the trough of a transverese wave. [1] | Amplitude of Transverse wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The horizontal line that show what the medium is like before the wave disturbes it. [1] | rest position | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The dense or squeezed part of a compression wave [1] | Compression | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The spread out or less dense area of a compression wave [1] | Rarefaction | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Measures by how tightly packed the particles of the medium are in the compression [1] | Amplitude of a Compression wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The distance between one compression and one rarefaction [1] | Wavelenght of a Compression Wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] the number of waves past a point in1 second. unit: hertz (hz) [1] | Frequency | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The bending of a wave when it goes around a barrier [1] | Diffraction | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The ability of an object to vibrate by absorbing energy at its natural frequency. [1] | Resonance | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The combining of two or more waves. either constructive or destructive. [1] | Interference | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The bending of a wave as it moves from one medium to another [1] | Refraction | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a barrier [1] | Reflection | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The change in frequency or pitch that occurs when the source of a sound wave is moving relative to the observer [1] | Doppler Effect | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The amount of energy a sound wave carries measure in decibels. dB [1] | Intensity of sound | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] How human perceive the intensity of a sound wave [1] | Loudness of sound | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] How humans perceive the frequency of sound waves. Pitch and Frequency have a positive relationship. [1] | Pitch | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] A hollow air filled space that amplifies sound when it is vibrated [1] | resonator | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Man made device that uses sound to determine the location and distance to objects under water. [1] | Sonar | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Frequencies above human hearing; above 20,000hz [1] | Ultrasonic | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Waves created by vibration electron that can travel thru a vacuum or a medium. A wide variety of frequencies and wavelengths are possible [1] | Electromagnetic wave | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Highest energy electromagnetic wave. Very short wavelength and very high frequency [1] | gamma ray | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] electromagnetic waves we associate with radiant heat. Wavelenght and frequency just below human sight. [1] | infrared wve | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] electromagnetic waves with wavelengths and frequecies just above human vision. Harmful [1] | Ultra violet rays | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] electromagnetic wave with longest wavelenghts and frequencies [1] | Radiowaves | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] a specific type of radio wave used for cooking food and transmitting data [1] | Microwaves | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] The part of the electromagnetic spectrum humans can see. ROYGBV [1] | Visible light | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that a just longer then gamma rays. Penetrate skin [1] | X-rays | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Material that does not allow light to be transmitted [1] | opaque | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Material that allows light to be transmitted thru it but not clearly Wax paper, frosted glass [1] | translucent | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Materal that allows to be clearly transmitted thru it. [1] | transparent | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Reflects light from a surface that is curved inward. Can magnify objects or create light beams [1] | Concave mirror | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] diverges light ray to form smaller, upright virtual images. Thinnger in the middle and thicker on the edge. [1] | Concave lens | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Reflects light from a surface that curves outwards adn forms smaller upright, virtual images. [1] | Convex mirror | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Converges light rays; thicker in the middle than the edges can form real and virtual images [1] | Convex lens | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] upright reflected image your brain understands but no light passes thru it [1] | virtual image | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Upside down opitical image formed when light passes throught an object [1] | real image | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Device that produces coherent light and is used in medical treatments and in industry and science. [1] | LASER | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Light with one wavelength that travels with all crest and troughs lined up [1] | coherent light | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
4c9208eb_Wave_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] λ [1] | Symbol for wavelength | [] | Wave Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/wave-2114483 | 25/1438042987155.85_20150728002307-00166-ip-10-236-191-2_378575887_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | to what type of entities can deductible donations be made? | 170(c) organizations qualified to receive deductible contributions. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What are the three categories of charitable organizations? | private foundations public charities private operating foundations | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What are private foundations? | the default charitable category and the least favored often lower dedutibility than with other entities | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What are public charities? | most favored category organization must qualify most favored tax deduction | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What are private operating foundations? | hybrid between charitable and private foundations favorable deductions | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | what is a quid pro quo contribution? | when donor gives something to charity in exchange for goods and services; deduction is limited to amount by which value of property trnasferred exceeds value of items received in return exception - de mininimus rule | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | Are foreign donations deductible? | not to foreign charities yes to domestic charities doing foreign work but for estate tax purposes, not limited to domestic charities; also private foundations ok | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | Are partial interests deductible? | no (e.g. one week in vacation home donated to charity auction) | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | Are earmarked contributions deductible? | No (e.g. donation to non-profit college on condition $$ be used to offset costs for son attending college) | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | How is the deduction for donated vehicles handled? | deduction limited to amount charity sells vehicle for Exceptions: charity actually uses vehicle charity tranfers vehicle for less than FMV to further charitable purpose. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What is a donor-advised fund? | Separate funds maintained by public charities where donor is permitted to recommend charitable donees to charity. Power of private foundation but allow contribution deductions - contributions are treated as contribution to charity maintaining fund. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What does a contribution to a donor-advised fund require for deductibility? | letter from charity to donor stating that charity has exclusive legal control over assets. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What is the rule for deduction for donation of clothing and household items? | must be in good condition or better (unless single item under $500 along with appraisal) | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | how is deductibility handled for contributed property with built-in ordinary income and short-term capital gain potential? | amount of contribution shall be reduced by the amount of gain that is not long-term capital gain (held for longer than 12 months) | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | how is deductibility handled for long-term capital gain property? | it is reduced by the long-term capital gain potential in the property ONLY IF it is tangible personal property, contributions to private foundations, certain intellectual property, taxidermy | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | when is dedutibility reduced for personal property donations with long-term capital gain property? | when contributed property is used by donee in way that is unrelated to donee's charitable purpose (e.g. painting contributed to hospital that sells it to raise money) OR charity sells it during same year contribution is made. de minimis exception | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What is another major exception for the long-term capital gain property reduction rule? | donation of qualified appreciated stock: in a corporation established security market long-term capital gain potential limited to less than 10% of outstanding value. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What is the limit for dedutible donations? | 50% of AGI or 30% of AGI if built-in gains and not subject to reduction exception 30% or 20% for non-public charities depending on built-in capital gains potential | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | Can a donor "carryover" contributions? | yes, for five succeeding taxable years. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | what type of substantiation of donations is required? | minimal for under $250 normal for over $250 extended for over $500 appraisal for over $5000 | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | Can donations directly from retirement accounts be mad? | Yes, only IRA/Roth IRAs limited to $100,000 per year donor over 70 1/2 | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | For estate tax deductibility purposes, is there a maximum donation? Is less credit given when assets have built-in capital gains? | no maximum no reduction in creidt. | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | Are standards for deductibility more generous for estate tax than for income tax? | yes. no distinction between gifts "to" or "for use of" charitable donees | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | if a trustee has discretion to make charitable gifts, are those gifts deductible? | Maybe - IRS may argue no because at moment of death possibility that nothing will be given. better practice to require that gifts be given and let trustee pick the charities | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What are two ways to provide a trust to benefit spouse for life with remainder to charity? | 1. CRT (CRAT or CRUT) entire transfer deducible for estate tax purposes because qualifies for marital deduction and remainder qualifiees for charitable deduction 2. QTIP with charitable remainder. Trust included in estate of SS, but qualifies for deduction at death of SS | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | How do powers of appointment impact estate tax charitable deductibility? | General power - transfers to charity ARE deductible special/lmited power - not deductible | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | can non residents get a gift tax donation? | yes, but only for domestic charities | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
d2ec1c2f_Planning_Flashcards___Cram_com___take_the_standard_deductions_ | What is the general rule regarding contribution of less than a full interest in property to charity? | no deduction. EXCEPTIONS: CRT CLT remainder interest in residence or farm charitable gift annuitites | [] | Charitable Planning Flashcards - Cram.com | only those who itemize their deductions (not take the standard deductions) | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/charitable-planning-1945496 | 25/1438042990900.28_20150728002310-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_379660281_0.json |
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