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069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | They are microbicidal and not just microbistastic, and sporicidial with longer exposure [Define Sterilization] | Why are halogens the active ingredient in so many antimicrobial agents? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | they oxidize and halogenate proteins (denaturing) [Define Sterilization] | What is the role of halogens as a disinfectant? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | chlorine, hypochlorites, chloramines they are sanitizers and disinfectants, and are weakly sporicidial [Define Sterilization] | List the three types of chlorines used in disinfection and their function. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | iodophors iodine tinctures [Define Sterilization] | List the 2 types of iodines (halogen) | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | iodine + detergent betadine (antiseptic) and wescodyne (disinfectant) [Define Sterilization] | What are idiophors? List the two types of idophors. Which are antiseptics/disinfectants? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | antiseptic, 2-3% in alcohol [Define Sterilization] | Explain what a tincture does. What is its percentage? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | one or more aromatic carbon rings with added functional groups [Define Sterilization] | Phenols consist of _______ | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | membrane active agents causing lysis and disrupting transport not sporcidal [Define Sterilization] | What are the functions of phenol and phenolics? sporicidal or non-sporicidal? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -triclosan: additive in microbial soaps -chlorophene: disinfectant -bisophenol: hexachlorophene- restricted for use against staph [Define Sterilization] | List the three types of phenols and phenolics. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -effective on both gram positive and gram negative bacteria ("broad spectrum") -low toxicity and persists longer [Define Sterilization] | Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic. List its characteristics. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | hibiclens [Define Sterilization] | List the compound of chlorhexidine that is used as a surgical scrub and a wound cleanser | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | 70% [Define Sterilization] | Ethanol and Propanol are most effective at what concentration? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -membrane-active agents, dissolving lipids and denaturing proteins -bacteriocidal and fungicial, NOT sporicidal [Define Sterilization] | Characteristics of alcohols | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | hepatitis A polio [Define Sterilization] | Alcohols do not inactivate some viruses. Name two in particular. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | long chain salts of fatty acids, some with microbial additives [Define Sterilization] | Define soaps | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | 3% 6-35% [Define Sterilization] | Hydrogen peroxide is bacteriocidal at ____ and is sporicidal at _____ | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | a detergent with its active portion negatively charged. (so it attracts to + charges) not highly active sodium lauryl sulfate [Define Sterilization] | What are anionic detergents? List an example. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | detergents whose active portion is positively charged (attracts neg. charged bacteria_ [Define Sterilization] | What are cationic detergents? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | Quats- antiseptic benzalkonium chloride Roccal- disinfectant that is wide spectrum but inactivated by organics [Define Sterilization] | List two types of cationic detergents and their features | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | they react with functional groups of proteins and nucleic acids sporicidal [Define Sterilization] | What are the roles of aldehydes? sporcidal or non? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | sporicidal, corrosive, allergenic [Define Sterilization] | List the properties of formaldehydes | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | sporicidal in 3-10 hours Cidex and Sporicidin [Define Sterilization] | List the properties of glutaraldehyde. Name two specifically used for clinical setting spores. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | slow acting, highly penetrable gas sporcidal [Define Sterilization] | What is ethylene oxidine? sporicidal or non? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | sterilization of complex equipment (as in surgical settings) [Define Sterilization] | What is ethylene oxidine used for? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | modification of proteins, precipitate proteins from fluids. [Define Sterilization] | What is the role of heavy metals? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | silver nitrate mercurials copper sulfate [Define Sterilization] | What are the three given heavy metals? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | a bacteriocidal, prophylactic use in eyes of newborns (now replace by erythromycin) [Define Sterilization] | What is silver nitrate used for? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -metaphen and merthiolate: most recently replaced by idophors -thimerisol: preservative in vaccines that is blamed for autism [Define Sterilization] | Mercury is bacteriostatic. List the three types of mercurials and its uses | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | an algicide (antimicrobial against algae) [Define Sterilization] | What is copper sulfate used for? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | denatures proteins lactic acid and acetic acid (vinegar) [Define Sterilization] | What is the role of acids? Name two types. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | denature proteins sanitizers- lye and lime [Define Sterilization] | What is the role of alkalis? Name two types. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | oxidize hydrogen peroxide peracetic acid ozone (03) [Define Sterilization] | What is the role of oxidizing agents? Name three types. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | gentian violet. used on fungi and gram POSITIVE bacteria [Define Sterilization] | Name the basic dye. What is it used for? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | acridine orange. used to alter nucleic acid synthesis. [Define Sterilization] | Name the acidic dye. What is it used for? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | naturally-occurring they control microbes once they get inside of us [Define Sterilization] | Antibotics are __________. How do they differ from disinfectants and antiseptics? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | modified antibotics increase spectrum of activity [Define Sterilization] | What are semisynthetics? What do they do? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | man-made chemotheraputic agents [Define Sterilization] | What are synthetics? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | refers to ALL antimicrobical drugs regardless of origin. [Define Sterilization] | What are antimicrobics? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | treatment ex. trying to cure infection [Define Sterilization] | Define Therapeutic | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | prevention ex. being exposed to someone who has TB. Getting treatment to reduce risk of contraction. [Define Sterilization] | Define Prophylaxis. Give an example of an prophylactic procedure. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -selective toxicity (they should be able to kill microbes but not damage host cells) -spectrum (broad vs. narrow) -solubility (should be soluble) -long half-life (bc overtime, effectiveness of drug diminishes) -non-allergenic [Define Sterilization] | List the 4 desirable characteristics of antimicrobial drugs | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -cell wall synthesis (osmotic lysis since humans lack a cell wall) -protein synthesis inhibition (binds to prokaryotic ribosome) -Antimetabolites (competitive inhibitors) -Nucleic acid inhibition (inhibits replication and transcription. can not penetrate through eukaryotic nucleus) -membrane active agents (surface infe... | List 5 mechanisms of action antimicrobial drugs utilize. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | sulfonamides trimethoprim [Define Sterilization] | Name the two antimetabolites that garner a synergistic effect on bacteria | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | beta-lactam [Define Sterilization] | Penicillins are distinguishable by their ___ _____ ring | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | narrow: gram positives and neisseria [Define Sterilization] | What is the spectrum of general penicillins? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -penicillin V (oral and acid resistant) -penicillin G (potent) [Define Sterilization] | Name the two forms of penicillin | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -narrow spectrum -destroyed by pencilinase (beta-lactamase produced by bacteria) -allergenic Semisynthetic penicillins combat all these problems [Define Sterilization] | Name limitations of penicillin | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -alternatives to penicillin -cell wall synthesis inhibitors -broader spectrum -concentrate in urine [Define Sterilization] | Explain cephalosporons | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -inhibit protein synthesis -mostly broad spectrum [Define Sterilization] | Explain aminoglycosides | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | the large spectrum aminoglycoside gram negatives and mycobacterium (causes TB) [Define Sterilization] | What is streptomyocin? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | a topical aminoglycoside used in neosporin [Define Sterilization] | What is neomyocin? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -otooxicity and nephrotoxicity -one step resistance [Define Sterilization] | What are some limitations of aminoglycosides? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -protein synthesis inhibitor -reserved for severe infections (rock mountain syndrome, typhoid, meningitis) *can cross blood-brain barrier [Define Sterilization] | Explain the effects of chloramphenicol | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -aplastic anemia (removes stem cells in bone marrow) -gray syndrome in children [Define Sterilization] | List some side effects of chloramphenicol | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -inhibits protein synthesis -broad spectrum -used on rickettsiae, chlamydia, mycoplasma, and as acne treatment [Define Sterilization] | List the characteristics of tetracycline | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -superinfections (clodistrum dificile and candida albicans) -tooth discoloration -sensitivity to sunlight [Define Sterilization] | List some drawbacks of tetracycline | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -inhibits protein synthesis -erythromyocin [Define Sterilization] | List the characterestics of macroclides | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | an infection acquired in the hospital [Define Sterilization] | What is a nosocomial infection? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | a cell wall synthesis inhibitor VRE VRSA [Define Sterilization] | What is vancomycin? List two types of strains resistant to vancomyocin | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | --inhibits RNA synthesis used on Mycobacterium TB [Define Sterilization] | What does rifampin do? Name one use. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -competitive enzyme inhibitors (blocks synthesis of folic acid made by bacteria) -broad spectrum -trimethroprim [Define Sterilization] | Sulfa drugs are man-made antimicrobics. What do they do? Are they broad spectrum or narrow? They can also be used with another drug for a synergistic effect. Name the drug. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | Isoniazid (INH) [Define Sterilization] | Name the drug lethal to growing TB, used as a prophylactic. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | they are limited due to toxicity to eucaryotes [Define Sterilization] | Why are anitfungal and antiviral agents so limited in their effectiveness? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -genetic determinants (immune response gene) -dietary factors (proteins, vitamins, etc) [Define Sterilization] | List some important considerations for all levels of defense | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -anatomic barriers (keratinized skin) -secretions (stomach acid, bile, mucus) -macrophages (alveolar macrophage in lungs) -enzymes (lysozyme in tears) -mechanical actions (peristalsis, cilia, flushing in urine) [Define Sterilization] | List five actors in the "1st line of defense". | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -altered permeability of membranes (prevents drug from entering the cell) -enzymes which destroy the drug -altered metabolic pathways that evade the mechanism of drug -biochemical modification of drug by microbe [Define Sterilization] | List 4 mechanisms of resistance | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -mutations -transfer of genes via plasmids (R/resistance factors) through conjugation, transduction or transformation - antibiotics select for resistant microbes [Define Sterilization] | List 3 ways in which resistance develops | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | negative they have naturally-occuring beta lactamases [Define Sterilization] | Gram ______ bacteria are inherently resistant to some penicillins. Why? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | Kirby-Bauer test bacterium is spread over a plate and disks are dropped onto the bacterial lawn. "zone of inhibition" is measured. semiquantative and indicates which drugs might be effective [Define Sterilization] | Give another term and explain the procedure for the disk dilution assay. | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | to determine dosage of a drug [Define Sterilization] | What is the tube dilution assay used for? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | minimum inhibitory concentration smallest concentration (highest dilution) of a drug that visibly inhibits growth. smallest effective dosage. [Define Sterilization] | Explain the MIC | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | minimum lethal concentration minimum bacteriocidal concentration [Define Sterilization] | What is the MLC? MBC? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | granulocytes (lobbed nucleus) agranulocytes [Define Sterilization] | List the two major divisions of leukocytes | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | important for phagocytosis 55-90% [Define Sterilization] | Function of neutrophils? What is their make up? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | mast cells that recruit other inflammatory cells and responsible for histamine and allergenic stimulus 0.5% [Define Sterilization] | Function of basophils? What is their make up? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | basophils eosinophils neutrophils [Define Sterilization] | List the three granulocytes | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | attacks large eukaryotic pathogens as well as involved in inflammation and allergic reaction [Define Sterilization] | Function of eosinphils? What is their make up? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | monocytes lymphocytes [Define Sterilization] | List the two types of agranulocytes | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | macrophages. largest of all blood cells, cytoplasm contains digestive enzymes 3-7% [Define Sterilization] | Function of monocytes? What is their make up? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | B & T cells- cells of the specific immune response 20-35% [Define Sterilization] | Functions of lymphocytes? What is their make up? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | non-specifically destroy tumor cells and virus infected cells by releasing proteases and phospholipases [Define Sterilization] | What do natural killer cells do? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | humoral response immunity antibodies [Define Sterilization] | What type of immunity are B cells responsible for? Which important cell bodies are they known for producing? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | cell-mediated immunity t-cells modulate immune functions and kills foreign cells directly [Define Sterilization] | What type of immunity are T cells responsible for? What is their role? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | warmth heat given off by increased blood flow [Define Sterilization] | Calor | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | redness increased circulation and vasodilation in injured tissues [Define Sterilization] | Rubor | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | swelling increase fluid escaping into the tissues [Define Sterilization] | Tumor | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | pain stimulation of nerve endings [Define Sterilization] | Dolor | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | 20 or more [Define Sterilization] | In the complement system, how many serum proteins are there? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -enhance phagocytosis (opsonization) -promote inflammation and edema -promote lysis of foreign cells -promote immune adherence [Define Sterilization] | 4 functions of the complement system | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | initiated by antigen-antibody binding [Define Sterilization] | In the complement system, what is the "classic" pathway? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | intiated by endotoxin complement proteins bind to internal cell wall and surface components of microbes [Define Sterilization] | In the complement system, what is the "alternate" pathway? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | regulatory proteins that affect behavior of other cells [Define Sterilization] | What are cytokines? | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | antiviral, induce changes in genetic expression [Define Sterilization] | Interfeurons | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | stimulate proliferation and activation of various immune cells that induce fever [Define Sterilization] | Interleukins | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | stimulate growth and differentiation of some leukocytes [Define Sterilization] | Colony stimulating factos (CSFs) | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | the ability of the body to react with a wide spectrum of foreign substances [Define Sterilization] | Immunocompetence | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -antigens induce formation of antibodies -sensitization of allergens stimulate immune response -you illicit the immune response yourself [Define Sterilization] | Naturally acquired active immunity | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -mother to child -conferred immunity (transplacental- ass antibodies to child during pregnancy) -colostrum contains secretory antibody from mother (breastmilk) [Define Sterilization] | Naturally acquired passive immunity | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -vaccination (vaccines illicit the immune response) -attenuated, killed or subunit vaccines (partial proteins from viruses) [Define Sterilization] | Artificially acquired active immunity | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
069b951f_t_2_Test_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_Sterilization | -passive immunization (immunoprophalyxis) -preformed antibody (blood from someone who had the cirus) -anitserum, antivenom, etc [Define Sterilization] | Artistically acquired passive immunity | [] | Microbiology: Unit 2 Test Flashcards - Cram.com | Define Sterilization | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/microbiology-unit-2-test-871066 | 43/1438042988399.65_20150728002308-00129-ip-10-236-191-2_383141090_0.json |
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