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32,400 | The ROC curve was first used during World War II for the analysis of radar signals before it was employed in signal detection theory. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the United States army began new research to increase the prediction of correctly detected Japanese aircraft from their radar signals. For t... | ROC curve | 0.8039 |
32,401 | While Cantor is usually credited with first identifying this property of cardinal sets, some mathematicians award this distinction to Bertrand Russell, who defined a similar theorem in 1899 or 1901. | Cantor's paradox | 0.803899 |
32,402 | In order to state the paradox it is necessary to understand that the cardinal numbers are totally ordered, so that one can speak about one being greater or less than another. Then Cantor's paradox is: This fact is a direct consequence of Cantor's theorem on the cardinality of the power set of a set. Another consequence... | Cantor's paradox | 0.803899 |
32,403 | In set theory, Cantor's paradox states that there is no set of all cardinalities. This is derived from the theorem that there is no greatest cardinal number. In informal terms, the paradox is that the collection of all possible "infinite sizes" is not only infinite, but so infinitely large that its own infinite size ca... | Cantor's paradox | 0.803899 |
32,404 | The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem received their respective general forms in 1936 and 1941 from Anatoly Maltsev. The development of model theory as an independent discipline was brought on by Alfred Tarski during the interbellum. Tarski's work included logical consequence, deductive systems, the ... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,405 | Ultraproducts are used as a general technique for constructing models that realise certain types. An ultraproduct is obtained from the direct product of a set of structures over an index set I by identifying those tuples that agree on almost all entries, where almost all is made precise by an ultrafilter U on I. An ult... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,406 | Constructing models that realise certain types and do not realise others is an important task in model theory. Not realising a type is referred to as omitting it, and is generally possible by the (Countable) Omitting types theorem: Let T {\displaystyle {\mathcal {T}}} be a theory in a countable signature and let Φ {\di... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,407 | Any set theory (which is expressed in a countable language), if it is consistent, has a countable model; this is known as Skolem's paradox, since there are sentences in set theory which postulate the existence of uncountable sets and yet these sentences are true in our countable model. Particularly the proof of the ind... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,408 | Many construction in model theory are easier when restricted to stable theories; for instance, every model of a stable theory has a saturated elementary extension, regardless of whether the generalised continuum hypothesis is true.Shelah's original motivation for studying stable theories was to decide how many models a... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,409 | A fundamental result in stability theory is the stability spectrum theorem, which implies that every complete theory T in a countable signature falls in one of the following classes: There are no cardinals λ {\displaystyle \lambda } such that T is λ {\displaystyle \lambda } -stable. T is λ {\displaystyle \lambda } -sta... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,410 | A complete theory is a theory that contains every sentence or its negation. The complete theory of all sentences satisfied by a structure is also called the theory of that structure. It's a consequence of Gödel's completeness theorem (not to be confused with his incompleteness theorems) that a theory has a model if and... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,411 | At the same time, researchers such as James Ax were investigating the first-order model theory of various algebraic classes, and others such as H. Jerome Keisler were extending the concepts and results of first-order model theory to other logical systems. Then, inspired by Morley's problem, Shelah developed stability t... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,412 | Model theory as a subject has existed since approximately the middle of the 20th century, and the name was coined by Alfred Tarski, a member of the Lwów–Warsaw school, in 1954. However some earlier research, especially in mathematical logic, is often regarded as being of a model-theoretical nature in retrospect. The fi... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,413 | In particular, complete strongly minimal theories are uncountably categorical. This shows that the theory of algebraically closed fields of a given characteristic is uncountably categorical, with the transcendence degree of the field determining its isomorphism type. A theory that is both ω {\displaystyle \omega } -cat... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,414 | Michael Morley showed in 1963 that there is only one notion of uncountable categoricity for theories in countable languages. Morley's categoricity theorem If a first-order theory T in a finite or countable signature is κ-categorical for some uncountable cardinal κ, then T is κ-categorical for all uncountable cardinals ... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,415 | The applications of model theory to algebraic and Diophantine geometry reflect this proximity to classical mathematics, as they often involve an integration of algebraic and model-theoretic results and techniques. Consequently, proof theory is syntactic in nature, in contrast to model theory, which is semantic in natur... | Homogeneous model | 0.803898 |
32,416 | Xitip also has a built in language parsing feature which support a broader range of random variable descriptions as input. AITIP and oXitip are cloud based implementations for validating the Shannon type inequalities. oXitip uses GLPK optimizer and has a C++ backend based on Xitip with a web based user interface. AITIP... | Inequalities in information theory | 0.803897 |
32,417 | The biogeography of microorganisms (i.e., organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye, such as fungi and bacteria) is an emerging field enabled by ongoing advancements in genetic technologies, in particular cheaper DNA sequencing with higher throughput that now allows analysis of global datasets on microbial biolo... | Microbial biogeography | 0.803893 |
32,418 | Within the realm of bioorganometallic chemistry is the study of the fates of synthetic organometallic compounds. Tetraethyllead has received considerable attention in this regard as has its successors such as methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl. Methylmercury is a particularly infamous case; this cation is pro... | Bioorganometallic chemistry | 0.803893 |
32,419 | This class of hydrogenases thus provides examples of naturally occurring iron acyl complexes. Methanogenesis, the biosynthesis of methane, entails as its final step, the scission of a nickel–methyl bond in cofactor F430. The iron–molybdenum cofactor (FeMoco) of nitrogenases contains an Fe6C unit and is an example of an... | Bioorganometallic chemistry | 0.803893 |
32,420 | In the 21st century, discovery of new systems containing carbon-metal bonds in biology, bioorganometallic chemistry is rapidly emerging as a distinct subdiscipline of bioinorganic chemistry that straddles organometallic chemistry and biochemistry. Naturally occurring bioorganometallics include enzymes and sensor protei... | Bioorganometallic chemistry | 0.803893 |
32,421 | Bioorganometallic chemistry is the study of biologically active molecules that contain carbon directly bonded to metals or metalloids. The importance of main-group and transition-metal centers has long been recognized as important to the function of enzymes and other biomolecules. However, only a small subset of natura... | Bioorganometallic chemistry | 0.803893 |
32,422 | Some -containing proteins are known to sense H2 and thus regulate transcription. Copper-containing proteins are known to sense ethylene, which is known to be a hormone relevant to the ripening of fruit. This example illustrates the essential role of organometallic chemistry in nature, as few molecules outside of low-va... | Bioorganometallic chemistry | 0.803893 |
32,423 | Suppose the following statements are true: ∑ a n {\displaystyle \sum a_{n}} is a convergent series, {bn} is a monotone sequence, and {bn} is bounded.Then ∑ a n b n {\displaystyle \sum a_{n}b_{n}} is also convergent. It is important to understand that this test is mainly pertinent and useful in the context of non absolu... | Abel's test | 0.803892 |
32,424 | In organic chemistry, the acetoxy group (abbr. AcO or OAc; IUPAC name: acetyloxy), is a functional group with the formula −OCOCH3 and the structure −O−C(=O)−CH3. As the -oxy suffix implies, it differs from the acetyl group (−C(=O)−CH3) by the presence of an additional oxygen atom. The name acetoxy is the short form of ... | Acetoxy group | 0.803891 |
32,425 | In mathematics, the Edwards curves are a family of elliptic curves studied by Harold Edwards in 2007. The concept of elliptic curves over finite fields is widely used in elliptic curve cryptography. Applications of Edwards curves to cryptography were developed by Daniel J. Bernstein and Tanja Lange: they pointed out se... | Edwards curves | 0.803891 |
32,426 | The ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers diverse and integrated areas of microbial ecology spanning the breadth of microbial life, including bacteria, archaea, microbial eukaryotes, and viruses. It is an official publication of the International ... | The ISME Journal | 0.803891 |
32,427 | In statistics, the 68–95–99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule, is a shorthand used to remember the percentage of values that lie within an interval estimate in a normal distribution: 68%, 95%, and 99.7% of the values lie within one, two, and three standard deviations of the mean, respectively. In mathematical no... | 68–95–99.7 rule | 0.803891 |
32,428 | The nature of connections in ecological communities cannot be explained by knowing the details of each species in isolation, because the emergent pattern is neither revealed nor predicted until the ecosystem is studied as an integrated whole. Some ecological principles, however, do exhibit collective properties where t... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,429 | The scope of ecology contains a wide array of interacting levels of organization spanning micro-level (e.g., cells) to a planetary scale (e.g., biosphere) phenomena. Ecosystems, for example, contain abiotic resources and interacting life forms (i.e., individual organisms that aggregate into populations which aggregate ... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,430 | The scale of ecological dynamics can operate like a closed system, such as aphids migrating on a single tree, while at the same time remaining open with regard to broader scale influences, such as atmosphere or climate. Hence, ecologists classify ecosystems hierarchically by analyzing data collected from finer scale un... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,431 | In this way, the environmental and ecological relations are studied through reference to conceptually manageable and isolated material parts. After the effective environmental components are understood through reference to their causes; however, they conceptually link back together as an integrated whole, or holocoenot... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,432 | There is an interpenetration of cause and effect between the environment and life. The laws of thermodynamics, for example, apply to ecology by means of its physical state. With an understanding of metabolic and thermodynamic principles, a complete accounting of energy and material flow can be traced through an ecosyst... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,433 | Environment "includes the physical world, the social world of human relations and the built world of human creation. ": 62 The physical environment is external to the level of biological organization under investigation, including abiotic factors such as temperature, radiation, light, chemistry, climate and geology. Th... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,434 | The environment of ecosystems includes both physical parameters and biotic attributes. It is dynamically interlinked and contains resources for organisms at any time throughout their life cycle. Like ecology, the term environment has different conceptual meanings and overlaps with the concept of nature. | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,435 | The activity of soil microorganisms and the chemistry of the water reduces the oxidation-reduction potentials of the water. Carbon dioxide, for example, is reduced to methane (CH4) by methanogenic bacteria. The physiology of fish is also specially adapted to compensate for environmental salt levels through osmoregulati... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,436 | Cognitive ecology integrates theory and observations from evolutionary ecology and neurobiology, primarily cognitive science, in order to understand the effect that animal interaction with their habitat has on their cognitive systems and how those systems restrict behavior within an ecological and evolutionary framewor... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,437 | Sink patches are unproductive sites that only receive migrants; the population at the site will disappear unless rescued by an adjacent source patch or environmental conditions become more favorable. Metapopulation models examine patch dynamics over time to answer potential questions about spatial and demographic ecolo... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,438 | The concept of metapopulations was defined in 1969 as "a population of populations which go extinct locally and recolonize". : 105 Metapopulation ecology is another statistical approach that is often used in conservation research. Metapopulation models simplify the landscape into patches of varying levels of quality, a... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,439 | Soil is the living top layer of mineral and organic dirt that covers the surface of the planet. It is the chief organizing centre of most ecosystem functions, and it is of critical importance in agricultural science and ecology. The decomposition of dead organic matter (for example, leaves on the forest floor), results... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,440 | A common, analogous model fixes the equilibrium, r / α {\displaystyle r/\alpha } as K, which is known as the "carrying capacity." Population ecology builds upon these introductory models to further understand demographic processes in real study populations. Commonly used types of data include life history, fecundity, a... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,441 | Population ecology studies the dynamics of species populations and how these populations interact with the wider environment. A population consists of individuals of the same species that live, interact, and migrate through the same niche and habitat.A primary law of population ecology is the Malthusian growth model wh... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,442 | While the issue of fire in relation to ecology and plants has been recognized for a long time, Charles Cooper brought attention to the issue of forest fires in relation to the ecology of forest fire suppression and management in the 1960s.Native North Americans were among the first to influence fire regimes by controll... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,443 | Palamar (2008) notes an overshadowing by mainstream environmentalism of pioneering women in the early 1900s who fought for urban health ecology (then called euthenics) and brought about changes in environmental legislation. Women such as Ellen Swallow Richards and Julia Lathrop, among others, were precursors to the mor... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,444 | Ecology surged in popular and scientific interest during the 1960–1970s environmental movement. There are strong historical and scientific ties between ecology, environmental management, and protection. The historical emphasis and poetic naturalistic writings advocating the protection of wild places by notable ecologis... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,445 | Robert MacArthur advanced mathematical theory, predictions, and tests in ecology in the 1950s, which inspired a resurgent school of theoretical mathematical ecologists. Ecology also has developed through contributions from other nations, including Russia's Vladimir Vernadsky and his founding of the biosphere concept in... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,446 | Alfred J. Lotka brought in many theoretical concepts applying thermodynamic principles to ecology. In 1942, Raymond Lindeman wrote a landmark paper on the trophic dynamics of ecology, which was published posthumously after initially being rejected for its theoretical emphasis. Trophic dynamics became the foundation for... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,447 | Around the same time, Charles Elton pioneered the concept of food chains in his classical book Animal Ecology. Elton defined ecological relations using concepts of food chains, food cycles, and food size, and described numerical relations among different functional groups and their relative abundance. Elton's 'food cyc... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,448 | Frederic Clements published the first American ecology book in 1905, presenting the idea of plant communities as a superorganism. This publication launched a debate between ecological holism and individualism that lasted until the 1970s. Clements' superorganism concept proposed that ecosystems progress through regular ... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,449 | Modern ecology is a young science that first attracted substantial scientific attention toward the end of the 19th century (around the same time that evolutionary studies were gaining scientific interest). The scientist Ellen Swallow Richards adopted the term "oekology" (which eventually morphed into home economics) in... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,450 | Ecosystems are broadly categorized as terrestrial, freshwater, atmospheric, or marine. Differences stem from the nature of the unique physical environments that shapes the biodiversity within each. A more recent addition to ecosystem ecology are technoecosystems, which are affected by or primarily the result of human a... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,451 | Ecosystems may be habitats within biomes that form an integrated whole and a dynamically responsive system having both physical and biological complexes. Ecosystem ecology is the science of determining the fluxes of materials (e.g. carbon, phosphorus) between different pools (e.g., tree biomass, soil organic material).... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,452 | Prior to The Origin of Species, there was little appreciation or understanding of the dynamic and reciprocal relations between organisms, their adaptations, and the environment. An exception is the 1789 publication Natural History of Selborne by Gilbert White (1720–1793), considered by some to be one of the earliest te... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,453 | Linnaeus was the first to frame the balance of nature as a testable hypothesis. Haeckel, who admired Darwin's work, defined ecology in reference to the economy of nature, which has led some to question whether ecology and the economy of nature are synonymous. From Aristotle until Darwin, the natural world was predomina... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,454 | Some mark Haeckel's definition as the beginning; others say it was Eugenius Warming with the writing of Oecology of Plants: An Introduction to the Study of Plant Communities (1895), or Carl Linnaeus' principles on the economy of nature that matured in the early 18th century. Linnaeus founded an early branch of ecology ... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,455 | Natural historians, such as Humboldt, James Hutton, and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (among others) laid the foundations of the modern ecological sciences. The term "ecology" (German: Oekologie, Ökologie) was coined by Ernst Haeckel in his book Generelle Morphologie der Organismen (1866). Haeckel was a zoologist, artist, writ... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,456 | Biogeographer Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) was an early pioneer in ecological thinking and was among the first to recognize ecological gradients, where species are replaced or altered in form along environmental gradients, such as a cline forming along a rise in elevation. Humboldt drew inspiration from Isaac New... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,457 | Aristotle was an early influence on the philosophical development of ecology. He and his student Theophrastus made extensive observations on plant and animal migrations, biogeography, physiology, and their behavior, giving an early analogue to the modern concept of an ecological niche. Ecological concepts such as food ... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,458 | Early conceptions of ecology, such as a balance and regulation in nature can be traced to Herodotus (died c. 425 BC), who described one of the earliest accounts of mutualism in his observation of "natural dentistry". Basking Nile crocodiles, he noted, would open their mouths to give sandpipers safe access to pluck leec... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,459 | Ecology has a complex origin, due in large part to its interdisciplinary nature. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle were among the first to record observations on natural history. However, they viewed life in terms of essentialism, where species were conceptualized as static unchanging things ... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,460 | In this framework, the analytical tools of ecologists and evolutionists overlap as they organize, classify, and investigate life through common systematic principles, such as phylogenetics or the Linnaean system of taxonomy. The two disciplines often appear together, such as in the title of the journal Trends in Ecolog... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,461 | Ecology and evolutionary biology are considered sister disciplines of the life sciences. Natural selection, life history, development, adaptation, populations, and inheritance are examples of concepts that thread equally into ecological and evolutionary theory. Morphological, behavioural, and genetic traits, for exampl... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,462 | The science of ecology as we know it today began with a group of American botanists in the 1890s. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection are cornerstones of modern ecological theory. Ecosystems are dynamically interacting systems of organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,463 | Among other things, ecology is the study of abundance, biomass, and distribution of organisms in the context of the environment; life processes, interactions, and adaptations; movement of materials and energy through living communities; successional development of ecosystems; cooperation, competition, and predation wit... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,464 | Ecology (from Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos) 'house', and -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the study of the relationships among living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps with the c... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,465 | "Complexity in ecology is of at least six distinct types: spatial, temporal, structural, process, behavioral, and geometric. ": 3 From these principles, ecologists have identified emergent and self-organizing phenomena that operate at different environmental scales of influence, ranging from molecular to planetary, and... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,466 | Community ecology is the study of the interactions among a collection of species that inhabit the same geographic area. Community ecologists study the determinants of patterns and processes for two or more interacting species. Research in community ecology might measure species diversity in grasslands in relation to so... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,467 | A population ecology concept is r/K selection theory, one of the first predictive models in ecology used to explain life-history evolution. The premise behind the r/K selection model is that natural selection pressures change according to population density. For example, when an island is first colonized, density of in... | Ecology | 0.803888 |
32,468 | In the engineering field of robotics, an arm solution is a set of calculations that allow the real-time computation of the control commands needed to place the end of a robotic arm at a desired position and orientation in space. A typical industrial robot is built with fixed length segments that are connected either at... | Arm solution | 0.803885 |
32,469 | Mathematical Medicine and Biology received an impact factor of 1.854 in 2020. | Mathematical Medicine and Biology | 0.803883 |
32,470 | Mathematical Medicine and Biology is an academic journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications. The Journal publishes articles addressing topics in medicine and biology with mathematical content. | Mathematical Medicine and Biology | 0.803883 |
32,471 | 1. Difficult to set up quantitative standards: Controlling loses its benefits when standards and norms cannot be explained in volume statistics. Human behaviour, job satisfaction, and employee morale are some of the factors that are not well managed by quantitative measurement. The control loses some of its usefulness ... | Management control | 0.803883 |
32,472 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy S.A., formerly Gamesa Corporación Tecnológica S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: ) and Grupo Auxiliar Metalúrgico S.A., is a Spanish-German wind engineering company based in Zamudio, Biscay, Spain. In Spain, the company has two other main sites one in Madrid and the other one in Sarriguren (Na... | Siemens Wind Power | 0.803882 |
32,473 | Gamesa began operations in 1976 as Grupo Auxiliar Metalúrgico S.A., focused at that time on developing new technologies and applying them to emerging activities. These included robotics, microelectronics, aeronautics and the development of composite materials. It was founded by Juan Luis Arregui and Joseba Mikel Grajal... | Siemens Wind Power | 0.803882 |
32,474 | NAIL-MS (short for nucleic acid isotope labeling coupled mass spectrometry) is a technique based on mass spectrometry used for the investigation of nucleic acids and its modifications. It enables a variety of experiment designs to study the underlying mechanism of RNA biology in vivo. For example, the dynamic behaviour... | NAIL-MS | 0.80388 |
32,475 | The critical exponent can take any real value greater than 1. The critical exponent of a morphic word over a finite alphabet is either infinite or an algebraic number of degree at most the size of the alphabet. | Critical exponent of a word | 0.80388 |
32,476 | In mathematics and computer science, the critical exponent of a finite or infinite sequence of symbols over a finite alphabet describes the largest number of times a contiguous subsequence can be repeated. For example, the critical exponent of "Mississippi" is 7/3, as it contains the string "ississi", which is of lengt... | Critical exponent of a word | 0.80388 |
32,477 | A very useful special case, often given as the definition of torque in fields other than physics, is as follows: τ = ( moment arm ) ( force ) . {\displaystyle \tau =({\text{moment arm}})({\text{force}}).} The construction of the "moment arm" is shown in the figure to the right, along with the vectors r and F mentioned ... | Moment arm | 0.803876 |
32,478 | In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational analogue of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment of force (also abbreviated to moment). It describes the rate of change of angular momentum that would be imparted to an isolated body. The concept originated with the studies by Archimedes of the usage of l... | Moment arm | 0.803876 |
32,479 | Pattern matching reaches the same goals as flow-sensitive typing, namely reducing verbosity and making up for terser code, easier to read and modify. It achieves this is in a different way, it allows to match the type of a structure, extract data out of it at the same time by declaring new variable. As such, it reduces... | Flow-sensitive typing | 0.803874 |
32,480 | The Leibniz harmonic triangle is a triangular arrangement of unit fractions in which the outermost diagonals consist of the reciprocals of the row numbers and each inner cell is the cell diagonally above and to the left minus the cell to the left. To put it algebraically, L(r, 1) = 1/r (where r is the number of the row... | Harmonic triangle | 0.803874 |
32,481 | The KKR-CPA is used to calculate the electronic states for substitutional solid-solution alloys, for which Bloch's theorem does not hold. The electronic states for an even wider range of condensed matter structures can be found using the locally self-consistent multiple scattering (LSMS) method, which is also based on ... | Multiple scattering theory | 0.803872 |
32,482 | On early railroads, because of the low speeds and wide-radius curves employed, the surveyors were able to ignore any form of easement, but during the 19th century, as speeds increased, the need for a track curve with gradually increasing curvature became apparent. Rankine's 1862 "Civil Engineering" cites several such c... | Track transition curves | 0.803872 |
32,483 | Several operations can be performed in one set-up. Work pieces may have re-entrant profiles and the profile in relation to the center line virtually unrestricted. Forming parameters and part geometry can be altered quickly, at less cost than other metal forming techniques. Tooling and production costs are also comparat... | Spun aluminum | 0.803871 |
32,484 | ATLAS is the largest general-purpose particle detector experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a particle accelerator at CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Switzerland. The experiment is designed to take advantage of the unprecedented energy available at the LHC and observe phenomena that i... | Transition radiation tracker | 0.80387 |
32,485 | The asymmetry between the behavior of matter and antimatter, known as CP violation, is also being investigated. Recent experiments dedicated to measurements of CP violation, such as BaBar and Belle, have not detected sufficient CP violation in the Standard Model to explain the lack of detectable antimatter in the unive... | Transition radiation tracker | 0.80387 |
32,486 | In non-Euclidean geometry, the Poincaré half-plane model is the upper half-plane, denoted below as H = { ⟨ x , y ⟩ ∣ y > 0 ; x , y ∈ R } {\displaystyle =\{\langle x,y\rangle \mid y>0;x,y\in \mathbb {R} \}} , together with a metric, the Poincaré metric, that makes it a model of two-dimensional hyperbolic geometry. Equiv... | Poincaré half-plane model | 0.803869 |
32,487 | Cell and Developmental Biology, or CDB, is built on the idea that the cell should be the primary focus of developmental biology, and that a cell ought to be understood in the context of its 'host' organism.Because the principles that underlie the behavior of proteins within and across cells are poorly understood, the C... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,488 | Systems Biology research includes dynamic gene regulatory networks and systems neuroscience. Some models used are prokaryotes, cell lines, C. elegans, Drosophila, and mice.This research program combines systematic and quantitative data collection with computational models, with the goal of discovering dynamic comprehen... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,489 | This program studies major changes in contemporary society and its concomitant risks. This project integrates molecular, cellular, computational and systems biology approaches in model organisms and human diseases to study the genetic causes of age-related sicknesses. One aim is to create new diagnostic and therapeutic... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,490 | Yet another line of research pertains to Molecular Evolution, which includes evolution of the exonic structure of genes and splicing. Within this program, there is also a group that studies microarrays. The "Bioinformatics" program is associated with the Research Group in Biomedical Informatics (GRIB). In this group, r... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,491 | There are several lines of research within Bioinformatics and Genomics. Gene Prediction and Modeling of Splicing is related to the research on Regulation of Alternative Splicing, Regulation of Protein Synthesis within the Gene Regulation program, and Genes and Diseases program. Another research line involves identifica... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,492 | The goal of the Tissue Engineering Unit is to provide researchers with cutting-edge technologies for stem cell biology, stem cell differentiation, organoid formation, and induced pluripotent stem cells. This unit collaborates with the Biomolecular Screening & Protein Technologies Unit for genome editing technology serv... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,493 | The Bioinformatics Unit grants researchers services of consultation, experiment planning, data processing, software and database development, bioinformatics training, and access to high-performance computing resources.Among the services offered are: sample handling and sequencing, grant proposal development, variant de... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.803868 |
32,494 | Much of the JCTC reports on new theories, methods and applications of quantum chemical knowledge, such as electronic structure, molecular mechanics and statistical mechanics. Research of computational applications such as ab initio quantum mechanics, Monte Carlo simulations and solvation model are discussed among other... | Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation | 0.803868 |
32,495 | JCTC is ranked number 4 highest in the list of "Physical and Theoretical Chemistry" journals SCImago Journal Rank. JCTC has a weighted rank indicator (SJR) of 2,481 as of the year 2014. To give perspective, the popular multidisciplinary journal Nature (journal) has an SJR factor of 17,313. The journal had an average of... | Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation | 0.803868 |
32,496 | The 1990s were designated "The Decade of the Brain", and advances took place in neuroscience at an especially rapid pace. The three dominant methods for measuring brain activities are event-related potential, functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography (MEG).The integration and application to educa... | Learning theory (education) | 0.803867 |
32,497 | The neuroscience field is young. Researchers expected that new technologies and ways of observing will produce new scientific evidence that helps refine the paradigms of what students need and how they learn best. In particular, it may bring more informed strategies for teaching students with learning disabilities. | Learning theory (education) | 0.803867 |
32,498 | American Universities such as Harvard, Johns Hopkins, and University of Southern California began offering majors and degrees dedicated to educational neuroscience or neuroeducation in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Such studies seek to link an understanding of brain processes with classroom instruction ... | Learning theory (education) | 0.803867 |
32,499 | Transformative learning theory focuses on the often-necessary change required in a learner's preconceptions and worldview. Geographical learning theory focuses on the ways that contexts and environments shape the learning process. Outside the realm of educational psychology, techniques to directly observe the functioni... | Learning theory (education) | 0.803867 |
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