text stringlengths 222 548k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 95 values | url stringlengths 14 1.08k | file_path stringlengths 110 155 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 53 113k | score float64 2.52 5.03 | int_score int64 3 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spiders! Those eight legged, multi-eyed buggers have been everywhere, even in movies too! From horror to fantasy adventure to even super hero movies! Now these Hollywood rockstars pulls out another surprising fact about them from their many sleeves, they are eating non-insects, with a preference for fish.
Bizarre? It kind of is surprising. After all, who would’ve thought that those patient hunters, who would spin elaborate traps of webbings at the corner of your house and wait patiently till a hapless fly flies in, would go after things like bats, earthworms, snails, and fish? According to a paper published by zoologist Martin Nyffeler of the University of Basel in Switzerland, spiders on almost all continents engage in this predatorial behavior, except for on Antarctica. The paper was just published in PLoS ONE. His academic career has been on studying spider behavior and recently he even decided to view the entire spider ecology literature. Maybe he had had one too many Spider-man comic to read.
So, to that end, he went about compiling every single publication he could find on spiders, from well-known international publications to obscure and ancient and foreign publications, he went through it all. He even included pictures! Who doesn’t like pictures, right? He also made a point to contact each and every author of the pictures to ensure the pictures were not staged and discard them if they were, unless they were researchers staging it to test spider behaviors, in which case he made it a point to properly annotate it. He even roped in fish expert Bradley Pusey from Australia’s Centre for Excellence in Natural Resource Management as his co-author.
According to his findings, this behavior of spiders are found 40 degrees north and south of the equator, which basically covers a large portion of the world except for Antarctica, sadly. The reason, he says, is that in this band, the water bodies have low oxygen content and as such the fish has to come up to the water surface to feed on insects. As the fish comes up however, the spiders, who lies in wait dangling by their hind legs, pounces on the fish and injecting neurotoxins into it. After the fish dies, it then proceeds to drag the fish away and pump it full of digestive enzymes. You get your cup noodles and spideys like their fish soup! Nyffeler adds that he confirmed 89 incidences spread across 8 spider families.
Although, this doesn’t mean you can run out and start clicking your own collection of spider hunting fish. Some of the pictures were taken only after trying for more than 300 tries. But then again, spiders are really patient creatures. | <urn:uuid:1d88f0a4-3945-48fc-b21b-f041a2677e55> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://www.themukt.com/2014/06/21/seen-spider-catching-fish-eating/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1409535924501.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20140909013109-00385-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978063 | 561 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Unlike the movies, you won't just get a call one day telling you that you've been named as the executor or trustee to a billion-dollar estate. Not usually, anyway.
But let's say you do.
So you’ve been named as an executor in a will or as a trustee in a trust? Now you have some serious duties to carry out. Before I explain the trustee duties and the trust executor duties, you need to know the difference between the two.
An executor, also known as a personal representative, has the authority to administer and distribute an estate. If you were appointed as an executor (or personal representative) in a will, you will need to understand the terms of the will and who the heirs are.
In most situations where only a will is used, you will need to go to court to be appointed as the legal executor of an estate and will need court approval to transfer certain assets (such as a home.)
If you were appointed as a trustee in a trust, you will need to understand what assets are owned by the Trust and what assets are owned outside the Trust. In general, a trust is used by individuals to avoid probate and to provide better direction and control of their estate.
If the Trust was established correctly and if it was properly funded (the trust owns the assets of the deceased person), then you will not need to go to court to get approval to administer the estate.
The position of executor tends to be temporary, while someone could serve as a Trustee for a few months or a few decades.
Think of an executor as a "liquidator" and a trustee as more of a "manager." An executor's duties are complete once everything has been liquidated, whereas a Trustee's duties are complete when there is nothing left to be managed.
Fun fact: Usually neither an executor nor a trustee is compensated for their position.
Now that we've got that covered, let's go over the six most essential duties of executors and trustees.
Before you do anything, you need to read the estate documents. These documents will determine the distribution and management of the estate. These documents may include funeral and burial instructions. (Where and how the person wants to be buried, or where they want to be cremated, etc.)
There may also be a memorandum of personal property that outlines how specific items of personal property are to be distributed to heirs. Common items identified and handled on the memorandum of personal property are jewelry, guns, and other valuables.
You will need to determine what assets are included in the estate. Sometimes this can be difficult to determine, as the deceased person may not have provided complete information as to their bank accounts, investment accounts, real estate, retirement accounts, and life insurance policies.
Many children who become executors and trustees have a difficult time locating the assets of their deceased family member despite having an otherwise close relationship.
Most estate documents such as a will or a trust will list the heirs to the estate and these heirs (AKA, beneficiaries). Usually, the heirs are clearly identified. However, what happens if the will or trust listed one of your siblings as an heir, and what if that sibling in longer living?
Does that portion of the estate go to your sibling’s surviving spouse or children or to the other siblings? Hopefully, the will or trust will state what shall occur in this instance. But in many instances, this item can be overlooked and not considered in the estate plan.
As executor or trustee, you are left to determine who shall take the place of your deceased sibling and this decision is subject to the terms of the document and state laws.
Almost every estate has creditors who need to be paid. From credit card companies and other consumer debt to mortgage lenders with liens on real estate owned by the deceased.
As executor or trustee of the estate, you have an obligation to guarantee that all creditors' claims are paid from the estate. Failure to do so may result in liability to you as the executor or trustee or to the heirs who receive distributions from the estate.
Whether you are working with a secured or unsecured creditor, you will need to provide evidence of your position as executor or trustee, which in the case of a Will would include a copy of the Will, or in the case of, a Trust would include a copy of the certificate of trust.
In general, secured creditors such as mortgage lenders or car lenders will be paid upon the sale of the property or asset unless the estate otherwise has cash available and intends to hold these assets.
Regardless of whether the asset will be held or sold, you should immediately notify secured creditors of the death of the deceased person. Where possible, you should make sure that payments are made to these creditors to avoid late fees and other penalties.
If properties or assets subject to the secured creditor are paid, then the proceeds from the sale will resolve these debts.
As for unsecured creditors, you should notify them of the passing of your loved one. However, these creditors are not always paid in full. Don't be hesitant to negotiate with unsecured creditors, such as credit card companies. They can be negotiated with fairly easily.
Maybe start with an offer of 1/3 of the amount owed and see if the unsecured creditor will accept that amount as a payoff. While they do have legal recourse against the estate, they do face significant legal fees in probate court to collect on the debt.
If the estate must go through probate in the court, as will typically occur if there is only a will, then as executor you are required to notify creditors of the probate court action and of the assets of the estate.
Unsecured creditors then have a certain amount of time to assert their claim against the estate. Most unsecured creditors won't follow up and make a claim against the estate despite being given notice of the assets of the estate.
Look to negotiate with these creditors and if you are in probate court already, wait until they actually make a claim in the probate court (following notice of the case and deceased person's death you will be required to provide) before paying those creditors.
You have a good chance that the creditor won’t even make a claim.
The estate documents and the assets of the deceased will determine the process to administer the estate. Also, if the deceased person had assets in multiple states if they only left a will, you may need to conduct probate in multiple states.
There are a number of common situations where you will need to go to court to obtain court approval in administering the estate.
In the case of a will, you will typically need to go to probate court to be appointed as executor by the court and to get court approval to transfer any real estate assets to heirs or in a sale from the estate.
Also, if the identity of heirs is in question, you may need to get approval from the court as to the proper heirs to receive proceeds from the estate.
Lastly, you may be required to go to court if the estate documents leave contradictory, improper, or confusing provisions that cause disagreement amongst heirs. In this situation, obtaining approval from the court is advisable in order to avoid claims against yourself and the estate.
As executor or trustee, you must also make sure individual income tax returns and estate tax returns are filed. This can be tricky, considering the circumstances.
For example, you must write the word DECEASED across the top of the tax return. In addition to a final income tax return, you may be required to file an estate tax return using IRS form 1041. This is required if the estate receives $600 or more in gross income.
Being a trustee or executor isn't easy. You may want to get some professional help to make sure everything goes smoothly.
Remember, the estate can pay the expenses of professionals and if you incur out-of-pocket expenses then the estate can typically reimburse those expenses.
One last thing you should be aware of as an Executor or Trustee. I didn't mention this in the list above, but as an Executor or Trustee, you will typically be involved closely with the heirs/beneficiaries. Sometimes this can involve drama, emotional support, and other sticky situations. For your convenience, we've created an additional Survival Guide for Trustees and Executors. You can make it. We believe in you and are here to support you through this process if you need help.
Scott Royal Smith is an asset protection attorney and long-time real estate investor. He's on a mission to help fellow investors free their time, protect their assets, and create lasting wealth.
Ready to know more than your attorney? You'll get over two hours of instruction combined with five ebooks to teach you how to best structure your real estate investments.
Join thousands of real estate investors in all 50 states as they enjoy exclusive content, special promotions, and behind-the-scenes access to me and my guests. No spam, ever. Just great stuff! | <urn:uuid:e6aadd00-f4e3-4b67-9c4b-fbd2c3a31b85> | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | https://royallegalsolutions.com/trustee-vs-executor-top-6-duties | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104683708.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220707063442-20220707093442-00198.warc.gz | en | 0.9644 | 1,874 | 2.5625 | 3 |
No matter what grade a child is in, it is imperative to begin the second half of the school year with renewed motivation and a positive attitude. It is not fair, however, to expect students to be able to do this without proper structure and support from the parent(s). Below are examples on how you can help your child improve grades for the last half of the school year.
1. It’s time for a NOTEBOOK OVERHAUL– Be prepared to have your eyes pop out of your head when you see what the inside of a student backpack or notebook truly reveals. You will witness crumpled paper, torn sheets, and disorganized worksheets without dates, student names, or subjects indicated. This is one of the greatest reasons that students have trouble being organized and effective in school. THEY CAN’T FIND THEIR WORK! Whenever possible, try to have loose-leaf binders available with no more than two or three subjects per binder. (Some teachers only want spiral notebooks so you must adhere to their rules) Divider labels are needed in the following possible categories. Class Work, Homework, Tests and Quizzes. If all work is dated, then your child will now be able to find work chronologically and study properly. Also, children should have a hole puncher available for ALL worksheets given so teacher handouts can be placed in the appropriate section. (Purchase reinforcements as well).
2. Parent / Teacher Communication is Essential-In a perfect world, teachers would be able to call each and every parent often to discuss ways for children to improve their grades, Unfortunately, teachers have many students and this will never be achieved consistently. You must email, phone, or visit your child’s teacher(s) and determine what was done the first semester and what the teachers’ expectations are for your child to succeed the rest of the year. Keep notes and make sure you ask what you can do to support your child in his or her success in school. This method creates what I like to call the TRIANGLE of Educational Success. We need the School, the Parent, and the Student all involved together in order for children to reach their full potential.
3. Time can be the enemy, or the HERO-Adults have difficulty with time management so just imagine what student challenges exist with soccer, cheerleading, band, and the SUPERVILLIANS …..PLAYSTATION AND X-Box! Fun and breaks from work are a must but you need to set aside time when children will do their school work. A break is needed when they first arrive home from school. They should NEVER work for more than twenty minutes at a time. Even a sponge needs to be wrung out once in a while. I suggest twenty minutes of studying and then a five minute break AWAY from the study area. Then, upon return to work, MAKE SURE CHILDREN REVIEW the first twenty minutes of studying and THEN move on to new work or new material. Learning does NOT take place during the initial studying process….it takes place during REVIEW. Hopefully these strategies will place your child on the path to a successful 2012! | <urn:uuid:5578be38-cd95-4a13-957a-8aa268a3d72f> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://gradesuccess.com/student-grades-turn-around-mid-year-slump/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710936.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20221203175958-20221203205958-00316.warc.gz | en | 0.950058 | 648 | 3.015625 | 3 |
When students graduate as either speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, or physical therapists, they have many choices when it comes to work settings. Many therapists find that the advantages of serving therapy in school-based services fit well with their desired lifestyles.
Often overlooked and widely undeserved, the professions in school-based therapy provide some of the most beneficial work environments in any industry. Every day, thousands of therapists across the country help children succeed in school. For many individuals, working as a school-based therapist ... Continue Reading
Up to 10 percent of the United States population is affected by specific learning disabilities, such as dyslexia, dyscalculia and autism, translating to 2 or 3 pupils in every classroom, according to a new review. A learning disability can be described as a gap between the level of achievement that is expected and what is actually achieved. Contrary to popular belief, learning disabilities can affect people with average or above-average intelligence. A child may have a learning disability ... Continue Reading
The role of pediatric physical therapy is to help children who have difficulty with functional movement, poor balance, and challenges moving through their environment successfully. Some children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have low muscle tone, some have poor balance, others may not be well-coordinated, and still others may have a combination of all of the above. These are all areas that a physical therapist can address. After an assessment, the physical therapist will design and implement a program that will help to improve the individual child’s areas ... Continue Reading
Being a pediatric physical therapist is challenging, but also very rewarding. We encourage PTs to learn more about pediatrics.
Be humble about what you know and what you do not yet know. Recognize that the clinicians around you, especially those who have been practicing longer, stand to be some of your greatest teachers. Choose your work settings with mentorship in mind. It’s important to remember that you can learn not only from pediatric physical therapists but occupational and speech therapists as ... Continue Reading
#1: Get Organized
Here are a few specific tips to help –
- Try using one color folder per school. For each school in which you work, use only one specific color folder.
- In each student’s file, keep a general information page including goals. There are several free versions of this from TeachersPayTeachers.
- Keep a binder for all your daily notes. Using file folder dividers with tabs, write the student’s name on the file folder tab. Try to keep it in alphabetical order to ...
Here is some insight into the frequently asked question, “Should I go contract?”. Here are some solid reasons to seriously consider working for a contracting agency!
- Substantially higher pay– When you work as a contract employee, you get paid an hourly wage. That wage is negotiable with the contract company. You may be able to negotiate an hourly rate that is more in your favor, due to special skills that you may have (like speaking Spanish). Additionally, travel stipends can be ...
Working in the schools allows you to work with diverse children of all ages and skill levels. Whether its rural, suburban, or urban settings you are looking for, school-based therapy can get your feet firmly in an area that suits you. Practicing in a school also means variety. You may work with individuals, small groups, or share your expertise within a classroom setting. Another terrific benefit of working in a school setting ... Continue Reading
One of the great things about being a speech language pathologist is the diversity of work that the career offers. SLPs are eligible and qualified to work in many settings, and the work within those settings is often quite varied. So, whether you are considering a change from full-time employee to a traveling SLP professional, are thinking about changing your work environment, or are desiring a change in the type of client you serve, there are many reasons to ... Continue Reading
5 Reasons You Should Consider a Placement in Schools
Being in the school system guarantees you to have off on Thanksgiving, Christmas, and other federal holidays. This is especially nice when your family lives in a different state. You have these vacations built in so you don’t have to request it off. Two weeks off for the holidays? Yes please!
You really get to be a part of and collaborate with a ... Continue Reading | <urn:uuid:88163df1-54d9-491b-ba6a-687a3dd74df2> | CC-MAIN-2019-30 | https://www.pdstherapy.com/category/tips-for-therapists/career-in-speech-and-language-pathology/school-based-therapy-careers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195526888.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20190721040545-20190721062545-00129.warc.gz | en | 0.958246 | 909 | 2.75 | 3 |
The conference takes place in Brussels between 6 and 8 June. This year's theme: Violence in the 20th-century European history: commemorating, documenting, educating.
NO LONGER AVAILABLE
The event focuses on the phenomenon of the involvement of states and ideologies in the widespread use of violence to enforce their objectives.
Within the 'facts-and-memory' approach, we would like to present different experiences of violence within Central-Eastern and Western Europe, and ask how they are remembered, taught and exhibited in both parts of Europe.
Organiser: European Network Remembrance and Solidarity
Herder Institute for Historical Research on East-Central Europe
Federal Institute for Culture and History of the Germans in Eastern Europe
CEGESOMA Centre for Historical Research and Documentation on War and Contemporary Society
Polish History Museum
Foundation European Centre Natolin
Hungarian Committee of National Remembrance | <urn:uuid:9fd64f57-b792-4647-8245-8f8745bb7185> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://enrs.eu/en/news/1695-watch-the-6th-european-remembrance-symposium-on-line | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446709929.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20221126212945-20221127002945-00055.warc.gz | en | 0.900213 | 188 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Christina Sarich, Staff Writer
Why are Americans tossing out more than $165 billion in food annually – from fork to landfill – when there is so much concern that we can’t grow enough food for the world population without utilizing GMO seed or the proverbial fatted calf made plump with hormones and antibiotics, unsavory fish farming practices, and the mass production of products full of high fructose corn syrup and chemical preservatives that make us fat and sick instead of supporting true nutrition?
In a recent report published by the Natural Resources Defense Council’s food and agriculture program, it was proposed that Americans throw away almost 40% of their current food supply every year. This happens in grocery stores, restaurants, and even from our own pantries and refrigerators. Dan Gunders. A scientist with the NRDC said that “As a country, we’re essentially tossing every other piece of food that crosses our path. That’s money and precious resources down the drain.” For each America family, that equates to about $2,275 annually. Just a 15% decrease in the amount of food we threw away could feed another 25 million Americans.
This doesn’t just happen in the ‘Land of the Free,’ in Kampala, the largest city in Uganda, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that it takes around 1000 liters of water to produce just one liter of milk.
A poem often taught to Thai children translates as such, “Every time you eat those grains of rice, remember you are taking in our toiling, the smell of our perspiration makes you grow.” So, why in China, a country that has seen some of the worst famines in the world, are they leaving food on their plates?
The European nations also waste approximately 45-50% of their food supply as well.
If you were to listen to Monsanto, Dow and other Big Pharma companies that want to keep growing GMO plants, and even start planting GMO trees, farming GMO fish and GMO livestock, you would think that this drastic experiment with human help is a necessary evil in order to feed the growing world population.
Environmental experts are saying that massive waste in the food chain, from the resources utilized to grow food, to the time and money it takes to ship it, to the overall production is harming the environment on a huge scale.
The practices of over grazing, over cultivation, the use of polythene bags and the dumping of toxins in our soil, along with poor storage methods are all contributing to food waste, too. We sustain the illusion of fertile soil, but the truth is that we cannot keep these practices with a growing population, but neither do we need to turn to GMO foods. We can incorporate hydroponics, better irrigation, companion planting, planting organic high-yield crops, use zero grazing and even responsible fish farming methods to save the planet, and ourselves.
For a truly radical shift, we can stop over-producing some crops, remove waste in any part of the food supply chain, and look at smarter ways to farm, but also become 100% organic, like the small country of Bhutan in the Himalayan mountains that has declared itself to be the first GMO-free, all organic nation in the world.
Rather than turning over our complete food sovereignty to a monopolizing corporate agricultural system and becoming entirely dependent on genetically modifying foods to work in a degraded environment, we could simply stop wasting food and return to sane, healthy and local cultivation practices.
About the Author
Christina Sarich is a musician, yogi, humanitarian and freelance writer who channels many hours of studying Lao Tzu, Paramahansa Yogananda, Rob Brezny, Miles Davis, and Tom Robbins into interesting tidbits to help you Wake up Your Sleepy Little Head, and See the Big Picture. Her blog is Yoga for the New World. Her latest book is Pharma Sutra: Healing the Body And Mind Through the Art of Yoga. | <urn:uuid:621cd31c-f6ab-4179-852a-34345a498307> | CC-MAIN-2014-15 | http://www.wakingtimes.com/2013/06/07/where-are-the-food-shortages-when-we-waste-more-than-40-of-total-food-from-the-global-supply/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609537271.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005217-00105-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943839 | 824 | 2.78125 | 3 |
The racial inequalities afflicting Americans and our society today are in many ways a result of the result of spatial segregation. White people and nonwhite people tend to live in different neighborhoods, go to different schools and have dramatically different economic opportunities based on their race. That physical manifestation of structural racism has been true historically in this country, and is still the case today.Today’s internet is built on a similar spatial logic. People travel from website to website in search of content in the same way they travel from neighborhood to neighborhood looking for stuff to do and people to hang out with. Websites accrue and compound value as visitor traffic and site visibility increases.But there is a crucial difference: Internet users have – more or less – complete freedom to travel where they choose. Websites can’t see the color of a user’s skin and police incoming traffic in the same way human beings can and do in geographical spaces. Therefore, it’s easy to imagine that the internet’s very structure – the social environments it produces and the new economies it births – might not be racially segregated the way the physical world is.
Is there structural racism on the internet? | <urn:uuid:7cf94363-963f-4f1a-9b0d-8d00c17103b2> | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | https://absenteereality.wordpress.com/2017/06/12/is-there-structural-racism-on-the-internet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257645413.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20180318013134-20180318033134-00536.warc.gz | en | 0.929091 | 240 | 3.15625 | 3 |
It is a necessary procedure to polish after prototype machined by cnc. When the prototype is being machined, there will be some burrs and tool marks. The surface is not smooth. So it requires handcraftsmen to polish the parts with sand paper.
There are 3 methods to polish the parts, which is mechanical polishing, wet grinding and dry grinding.
Mechanical grinding: When the parts are big, in order to improve the working efficiency, we will use mechanical grinding method such as electric grinding machine or disc type and vibrating grinding machine.
Dry grinding is to use sand paper to polish. It is suitable for hard and brittle lacquer. But its disadvantage is that the operation will produce a lot of dust which will cause air pollution.
(3) Wet grinding: water sandpaper dipped in water or suds burnish.Water can reduce the grinding crack, and improve the smoothness of coating. But after water polishing, we should pay attention to the lower layer of paint, one point is to paint after the parts completely dry, or else it will become blushing. Another point is that water polishing can not apply to material with strong water absorption.
Main purposes of polishing is :
1. Deburr and polish the parts
2.Increase the surface smoothness
3.Make the painting on the parts more adhesive | <urn:uuid:10e48e1c-4b99-4144-8814-005922988e2d> | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | https://www.tuowei-mockup.com/The-polishing-of-rapid-prototype | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573988.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20190920092800-20190920114800-00481.warc.gz | en | 0.934382 | 280 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Fertilizer “burn” is caused by applying too much fertilizer or not diluting it enough after application. The “burn” symptom – leaf tips turning yellow or tan, or even a severe wilt in extreme cases – is caused by the inability of the plant to get water from the soil because of the over-concentration of fertilizer salts. A slight fertilizer burn causes leaf tips to turn yellow or tan and die. A worse burn might kill whole leaves or the whole plant, again turning it yellow or tan. A very severe case might make the plant suddenly wilt and die without turning yellow. These symptoms are caused by osmosis keeping the plant from taking up water or actually pulling water from it.
Osmosis is a force that is used by all living cells to regulate themselves. It draws water from a less salty solution through a membrane (such as a cell wall) into a more salty solution. Most of the time, the saltier solution is inside the cell, and keeps it turgid. Osmosis is the force that keeps leaves erect. When osmosis fails, cells—and plants—lose their turgidity and wilt.
The Nature of Salt
People commonly use the word “salt” to refer to table salt, sodium chloride. However, it also refers to a broad range of mineral elements that dissolve in water. Plant nutrients, in the forms in which they are available to plants, are all salts dissolved in water.
The cell wall that surrounds every plant cell depends on a balance of salts to maintain turgidity and regulate the flow of materials in and out of the cell. Normally, the fluid inside the cell wall is slightly more salty than the fluid between the cells, so osmosis keeps the cells turgid.
Fertilizers contain nutrient salts. When a fertilizer, either as a solid or a liquid, is applied to the surface of the soil, the fertilizer salts must dissolve in the soil solution before the nutrients can enter the roots and be used by the plant. The concentration of salts in the soil solution determines whether the plant can draw up the water it needs.
The solubility of nutrient salts are measured as a . You can use this index to determine how “hot”, or salty, a fertilizer is. The higher the salt index, the more important it is to dilute the fertilizer with adequate water after you apply it.
Fertilizer burn is usually caused by applying a hot fertilizer without watering it in. A light rain or the morning dew dissolves the fertilizer into a concentrated solution which makes it difficult for the plants to get enough water.
Crystals of fertilizer left on leaves for the dew to dissolve will also burn the leaves, but just at the spot they are touching.
If you suspect fertilizer burn, the cure is a good irrigation. To avoid it, water hot fertilizers into the soil with lots of water.
Carefully-formulated commercial fertilizers are not hot and do not cause fertilizer burn. | <urn:uuid:326c2774-327a-45fe-8f7e-446130fa8113> | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | http://www.aera2012.com/what-is-a-fertilizer-burn-on-plants-and-how-to-avoid-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986664662.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20191016041344-20191016064844-00383.warc.gz | en | 0.933465 | 627 | 3.765625 | 4 |
Morim neves Surname History
The family history of the Morim neves last name is maintained by the AncientFaces community. Join the community by adding to to our knowldge of the Morim neves:
- Morim neves family history
- Morim neves country of origin, nationality, & ethnicity
- Morim neves last name meaning & etymology
- Morim neves spelling & pronunciation
Latest photos on AncientFaces
No one from the morim neves community has shared photos. Here are new photos on AncientFaces:
Morim neves Country of Origin, Nationality, & Ethnicity
No one has submitted information on morim neves country of origin, nationality, or ethnicity. Add to this section
No content has been submitted about the Morim neves country of origin. The following is speculative information about Morim neves. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The nationality of Morim neves can be complicated to determine because regional boundaries change over time, leaving the nation of origin a mystery. The original ethnicity of Morim neves may be in dispute as result of whether the family name came in to being naturally and independently in different locales; e.g. in the case of names that come from a profession, which can appear in multiple regions independently (such as the surname "Dean" which may have been adopted by members of the clergy).
Morim neves Meaning & Etymology
No one has submitted information on morim neves meaning and etymology. Add to this section
No content has been submitted about the meaning of Morim neves. The following is speculative information about Morim neves. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The meaning of Morim neves come may come from a craft, such as the name "Gardener" which was given to people of that profession. Some of these profession-based family names can be a profession in another language. This is why it is important to understand the ethnicity of a name, and the languages spoken by its ancestors. Many names like Morim neves originate from religious texts like the Bhagavadgītā, the Bible, the Quran, and so on. Often these family names are shortened versions of a religious phrase such as "Favored of God".
Morim neves Pronunciation & Spelling Variations
No one has added information on morim neves spellings or pronunciations. Add to this section
No content has been submitted about alternate spellings of Morim neves. The following is speculative information about Morim neves. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
In times when literacy was uncommon, names such as Morim neves were transcribed based on how they sounded when people's names were written in official records. This could have resulted in misspellings of Morim neves. Family names like Morim neves change in how they're written as they travel across communities, family lines, and languages over time. Researching misspellings and spelling variations of the Morim neves surname are important to understanding the history of the name.
Last names similar to Morim nevesMorimo, Morimon, Morimond, Morimont, Morimore, Morimoto, Morimoto-Hum, Morimune, Morimura, Morin, Morina, Morina-anderl, Morinaarmand, Morinac, Morinaccio, Morinacio, Morinaechevaria, Morinaga, Morinage, Morin-aguilar
morim neves Family Tree
No one from the morim neves community have added family members to the morim neves family tree. | <urn:uuid:802e2ea5-ff9e-4802-868d-446f402f50ed> | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | http://www.ancientfaces.com/surname/morim-neves-family-history/2309854 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999673147/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060753-00040-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929671 | 772 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Horse Flies: How to control them
What are they? Horse flies are one of the most vicious types of flies. Horse flies have cutting and ripping kind of mouthparts. They are an annoyance for cattle; horse flies (chiefly females) land upon the figure of livestock and bite them to obtain their blood.
And dissimilar from mosquitoes, the puncture of a horse fly is extremely excruciating. They are armed with sharp jaws that can rip flesh. Horse flies are most lively in moist and warm environments, which are why they are typically discovered near coasts and ponds or low-lying meadows and streams.
How harmful are they? Horse fly bites are agonizing and may bring about infectious toxicities if the bite is not correctly cured. On the other hand, the blood-sucking pests are not often associated in the spread of disease, not like mosquitoes and ticks. Bug repellents hardly ever discourage horse flies.
Flies make life wretched on the range for horses and other cattle particularly throughout the warmer portions of the time when horse flies congregate at farmyards and grasslands to feed upon horses.
Not merely are these flies exasperating to manage, but they can also be hazardous for the reason that they have a predisposition to spread illnesses. When flies similar to the horse fly descend their sharp, razorblade-like mouthparts into a horse’s skin and forage on its blood, in grave cases, they can possibly cause concerns with a horse’s digestive structure and can even curb your horse’s development. Horse fly bites are no laughing matter at all.
Signs of a Horse Fly Infestation The most apparent sign of a horse fly infiltration is the troublesome and excruciating biting instigated by the grown-up female flies and the indicators and responses to their bites.
They hardly ever bite close to the head. Horse flies have an assortment of hosts that consist of mammals of just about all proportions. Were a female horsefly to be disturbed, while trying to feed, they will soar off but speedily come back to bite once more, or go to a different host to devour a whole blood meal.
Controlling Horse Flies Effectual horse fly control is attained by using a mixture of fly control techniques, from cleanliness and ecological management to horse fly regulating insect repellents.
In advance of using fly control insecticides, it is vital to participate in physical fly control by tackling what are enticing horse flies to start with. It’s quite clear that it’s manure. The heaps of manure, that horses excrete is virtually treasure to flies since they use it to breed and consume.
Eliminating manure from shed stands as swiftly as possible is the initial stage of organic fly control. The greater amount of manure removed from the stall the less attractive it will be to flies for laying their eggs.
As soon as the manure is removed, you will have to stow it as far away as possible from your farm. The faster you can eradicate those habitats the horse flies find tempting, the fewer you may see these nuisances.
After this, comes the phase to begin the insecticides. It is suggested to initially start by laying out fly control snares to deal with those annoying horse flies.
For more grave fly incursions, misting is recommended. While a mister or even a fogger could be applied for physical misting, installing a misting scheme is suggested.
Misting schemes can be organized by means of a remote control and modified to taste. As soon as the system is connected it can give full-time fly control irrespective of whether you are present at the shed or not. | <urn:uuid:cf2659cd-31b8-4eff-a806-0583fdd0f9d7> | CC-MAIN-2020-05 | https://redwoodchemical.com/uncategorized/how-to-get-rid-of-horse-flies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250591431.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20200117234621-20200118022621-00321.warc.gz | en | 0.950543 | 751 | 2.8125 | 3 |
We know the best way for students to learn more about STEM is through interactive activities. We also see value in sharing with parents and students information and real people stories about their STEM careers. Check back soon as we will have career highlights from our STARBASE Partners and others who have STEM related positions. This is an exciting way to start thinking about a career in fields such as engineering, technology, or environmental stewardship.
Getting familiar with STEM Careers is important at the elementary school level. That’s why STARBASE Victory starts as early as 3rd grade for our summer camps and 4th grade during the school year. We hope you visit the Virginia Career View website soon as there is so much information here to help parents and students start thinking about the future!
Visit CODE Studio!
STARBASE participated in Hour of Code for a second year because we found that students (and adults!) really enjoy the challenge of coding. If you are interested, there are many great resources available at https://studio.code.org/
Parents…check this out with your kids! You will find 20 one-hour courses* for all ages with characters your children love. There are even opportunities to learn Code Art! Students have made more than 5 million apps. You can click on the website and see each of the programs in action! | <urn:uuid:5e652cb7-90cf-434a-b734-4090d4f3003b> | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | http://starbasevictory.org/stem-careers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676593586.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20180722194125-20180722214125-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.96386 | 272 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Eating 100 fewer calories a day?roughly three bites of a fast-food hamburger?could prevent the 1.8 to 2.0 pounds that the average person gains per year, according to new estimates by James Hill and colleagues. Their article appears in the 7 February issue of the journal Science, published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Study findings from the Inner City Health Research Unit at St. Michael’s Hospital/ University of Toronto and the NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical Center demonstrate that screening and treating new immigrants from developing nations for the latent stage of tuberculosis infection would result in substantial public health and economic benefits. Results are published in tomorrow’s issue of The New England Journal of Medicine. Tuberculosis is one of the world’s most prevalent diseases which infects nearly two billion people worldwide or roughly one-third of the world’s total population, most of which live in developing nations. | <urn:uuid:9c706849-484a-41b8-a3c3-8793b8e473ca> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://scienceblog.com/tag/world-health-organization/page/8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500339.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20230206113934-20230206143934-00742.warc.gz | en | 0.926987 | 198 | 3.109375 | 3 |
The planting decisions of small-scale farmers are increasingly bound up with the vagaries of the global commodities markets. So what happens on the land in a place such as India – where the agrarian economy is central to the lives of half of its 1.1 billion people – is closely connected with what happens in the centres of commodities trading, such as Chicago.
This close and uneven relationship between small-scale producers and the large-scale buyers and movers of agricultural commodities is part of what geographer Anthony Weis calls the ‘The global food economy,’ which he argues is creating “a battle for the future of farming” – a battle small-scale farmers are losing in the face of trade regulation via the World Trade Organization, which favours larger producers, mechanization & industrialization, and “fossil fuel-intensive monoculture on a treadmill of agro-chemicals and fertilizers” (Weis, p.162).
But then, as an article in the New York Times also points out with reference to sugar production in India, the fate of agricultural production and the future of agrarian sectors is also bound up with domestic political decisions and particularly attempts by the state to regulate and manage agricultural production. So it is that Indian sugar production has fallen after the state tried to reduce prices by banning exports in 2006. But now there’s a sugar shortage and India will need to import 20-30% of its demand this year (which is good news for sugar exporters, such as Brazil and the U.S.).
As the sugar shortage in India shows, the tale of how food gets to our table is complex, political, and increasingly global and interconnected in nature. | <urn:uuid:dcd76445-96e1-4902-b7cc-fc6a34d0e93b> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://maynoothgeography.wordpress.com/2009/08/06/a-sugar-shortage-in-india/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267865438.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20180623225824-20180624005824-00609.warc.gz | en | 0.942846 | 352 | 2.78125 | 3 |
How many calories do basketball players need to eat per day?
The average sedentary person needs to eat around 1200 - 2000 calories per day to maintain their weight.
Basketball is a high intensity sport that burns calories fast. Therefore basketball players need to consume more energy than the average joe in order to fuel on-court performance.
Playing basketball generally burns around 300 - 600 calories an hour.
The more intense the game, the more calories you burn.
A well designed study by Silva et al, identified that high school basketball players aged 17-19 years old burn around 3000-5000 calories per day.
Females tend to be on the lower end of the spectrum.
If you have read our Ultimate Guide To Basketball Nutrition you would have learnt exactly how, when and what to eat to optimize performance and recovery.
Now all you need to do is use the calculator below to determine your daily energy requirements.
Calorie Calculator For Basketball Players
The calorie counter below will help you calculate how many calories you need to eat to maintain, lose or gain weight this basketball season.
You can input your height, age, gender, weight and your activity level to ensure you get an accurate result.
Once you calculate your result be sure to check out our other helpful Nutrition Articles so you can learn how and what to eat correctly to achieve your goals. | <urn:uuid:65e56d70-8a0d-4544-83c9-6b859d951902> | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | https://balltillwefall.com/calorie-calculator-for-basketball-players/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703514121.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20210118030549-20210118060549-00101.warc.gz | en | 0.930132 | 277 | 2.640625 | 3 |
IDAHOBIT for Early Childhood and Primary School Teachers
Sunday 17 May is the International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia, Interphobia & Transphobia (IDAHOBIT).
In early childhood and primary school settings, IDAHOBIT provides an opportunity to encourage children to reflect, share and discuss the diversity that they already engage with – in their school, families and broader community. The Family Book recommended below provides one example of how to frame such a discussion with younger age groups.
IDAHOBIT also provides an opportunity to encourage children and young people to reflect on their own assumptions about themselves and others - especially in relation to gender roles and stereotypes. The video 'A Class That Turned Around Kids' Assumptions of Gender Roles! shows one way to encourage this kind of reflection or discussion. The UNESCO Activity Only for Me and Like a Girl provide other examples.
Finally, IDAHOBIT provides an opportunity to build understanding and knowledge about inequality and the processes that lead to discrimination and exclusion. The UNESCO activity The Big Bad Divider is one example of how this could be achieved.
It is often very useful to frame these kinds of activities or discussions within the context of existing school values - many schools share values such as fairness, acceptance, belonging or social responsibility - all of which provide a really good fit.
Although in some cases it might be appropriate to explicitly reference IDAHOBIT day as the prompt for a particular activity or discussion, these activities can also be really useful even without that reference if that is more appropriate for your school environment or classroom context.
IDAHOBIT Activities for Early Childhood/Lower Primary School
- View a reading of The Family Book by Todd Parr
- Read the book My House by Brenna and Vicki Harding
- Read the book The Rainbow Cubby House by Brenna and Vicki Harding
- View a reading of Introducing Teddy by Jessica Walton
IDAHOBIT Activities for Upper Primary School Teachers
- Complete some of the activities outlined in the UNESCO IDAHOBIT LESSON PLANS
Activity 1: Only for Me is suggested for learners aged 6‐9
Activity 2: The Big Bad Divider is suggested for learners aged 9‐12
- Watch the story Sometimes You’re a Caterpillarand have a discussion about differences and acceptance
- Watch Like a Girl. What can you say to people if you hear them say this?
- Watch First Day a 17 minute video and use the teaching | <urn:uuid:37cb11cb-0a7f-4ebc-95f1-2c70ed12d61d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://saisact.info/index.php/sais-downloads/67-idahobit-for-early-childhood-and-primary-school-teachers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100909.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209103523-20231209133523-00756.warc.gz | en | 0.928037 | 510 | 3.796875 | 4 |
People in China are enthusiastic about food. There is an old Chinese saying "waste not, want not", which exactly expresses Chinese usage of food raw materials. Chinese people use an infinite variety of plants and animals including some unexpected parts of plants and animals. Food in different regions has its own unique characteristics. Every part of animals is used for food, so western travelers might have different feelings about Chinese food such as surprise, tasty, horror, disgust and unhappiness. »Check Chinese Cuisine Tour
People from other countries usually are shocked at what Chinese people eat such as scorpions, ants, dogs, cats, snakes and eggs with unborn birds. The staples and main food types are various and surprising in China. There is a proverb saying Chinese people eat everything with four legs except tables and the flying except airplanes. If you are interested in some special local snacks, you could have a try. For sure, there is a lot of delicious regional food such as Sichuan Cuisine, Guangdong Cuisine, Shandong Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. China is a country that its people love to eat with gusto. There are some tips to help you understand Chinese eating.
With vast territory, Chinese food has been divided into dozens of different regional food. The Han people’s eight great cuisines consist of Shandong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine, Guangdong cuisine, Zhejiang cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Hunan cuisine and Anhui Cuisine. Based on local agricultural products, food in the North and South China are quite different. People in the North like food made up of wheat flour such as noodles, baozi and dumplings, however, people in the south like rice staples. Chinese food is widely loved by people in the whole world, so you can easily find a Chinese restaurant in an international city.
Typical Chinese Food
Spring Festival Food
Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important festival in China. Family members get together to have a big feast to celebrate the festival. People in the North eat dumplings to celebrate the Spring Festival, but people eat all kinds of tasty homemade dishes such as fish, chicken, and pork in the South China.
Chinese Vegetarian Food
Usually, vegetarian food was eaten by Buddhism monks and nuns in the past. Nowadays, more and more Yoga lovers and beauties in China become Vegetarian and vegans. As modern eating habits to keep in good health, Chinese people eat more and more vegetarian food than the past.
Chinese Medicinal Food
Chinese Medicinal Food is a special regional food in China. Due to a dietetic therapy, people started to cook medicine and food together from ancient times. Chinese Medicinal food with rich traditional medical knowledge and cook experience are popular in a lot of places in China such as Beijing, Hong Kong, Guangdong and Yunnan Province.
Due to food raw materials and people’s eating habits, cooking in China represent differently. There is a common saying about food in China: Noodles are staples in the North China, and rice is the main food in the South China. The flavor in China totally tend to be sweet in the south, salt in the north, sour in the east and spicy in the west.
So Chinese eight cuisines can be short as Sichuan (Bashu) cuisine in the west, Shandong (Qilu) cuisine in the north, Jiangsu (Huaiyang) cuisine in the east, and Guangdong and Fujian (Yuemin) cuisine in the south. Besides, northwest style food such as Muslim food is still popular in China.
To learn Chinese cooking are popular among foreign travelers in China. A lot of Chinese dishes are easy to learn, so you can release to try to cook a Chinese dish. The most common staples include Fried Rice with Egg, Jiaozi (dumplings), Saozi Noodles, Chicken Soup, and Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs. Most food raw materials are available in local supermarkets in China or a Chinese/ Asia market abroad. Here, China Travel lists some easy DIY tips to help you cook China local food.
Chinese people were strict with table etiquette in ancient times, so table culture is very important to the Chinese. When you have a meal with some Chinese friends, you need to pay attention to the table etiquette. If you have a meal with the senior, you should let them start a new dish first. In addition, your mouth should not be full of food. You need to hold your rice bowl when you have a meal. | <urn:uuid:460c27d7-8e73-4b87-9380-939d9566e71e> | CC-MAIN-2015-22 | http://www.chinatravel.com/focus/chinese-food/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207929023.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113209-00158-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955061 | 949 | 2.515625 | 3 |
|Technology Application in Teacher Education
Guohua, Liu and Lin, Jing
|Full Text 1-23|
Much of the field we call educational technology has links that go back for almost a hundred years, at least to the museum movement in the early part of the 20th century. The museum movement and the success of training and development work during the two world wars were major factors in the development of the field. Educational technology flourished in the 1950s and continues to play an important role in many colleges of education. The particular subdiscipline of educational technology we will explore in this paper does not have a long history. Information technology and teacher education (ITTE) is now a scholarly and professional discipline, but it has only recently become so. During the 1970s and early 1980s, while most educational technology programs continued to emphasize more traditional concepts and skills such as the systematic design and development of instructional materials, a separate group of graduate programs emerged that provided some of the foundations for ITTE. These programs, usually at the master's level but sometimes at the doctoral level, were generally known as "educational computing" programs. They dealt with skills and concepts needed to support the educational uses of computers in schools (and to some extent in business and industry). During the 1970s, the use of computers for education was quite limited, and many programs attempted to be all things to all people. However, as the field developed and the technology available became more diverse and complex, it became obvious that there was a need for specialization.
|Application of Corpus Linguistics to EFL Teacher Education in South China Normal University
|Full Text 24-29|
Abstract: This paper reports the application of corpus linguistics to EFL teacher education in South China Normal University in the past 10 years. Focus is laid on solving problems including: where to get relevant corpus for learners, how to design corpus-aided activity for daily teaching goals, how to make corpus manageable in classroom teaching and how to enhance teaching practice by corpus research.The practice is featured in four aspects: 1) Constructing and sharing EFL pedagogical corpora by both learners and teachers, making it as a component in teacher education courses. 2) Starting from textbook-corpus analysis and resulting in corpus-aided exercise design, taking it as one of the goals in teacher education. This includes investigating quantity and quality of textbook input and salient features in different types of exercise design. Linguistic forms and patterns retrieved from the corpus are further associated with pedagogical ideology embedded. 3) Implementing data-driven learning approach in classroom teaching by improving the teaching environment in terms of both soft ware and hard ware. 4) Reflecting teaching effect by corpus-based research.Some examples of the above are presented and problems are discussed. All this indicates that extension from corpus linguistic research to teaching practice has to be initiated in language teacher education. | <urn:uuid:ab69b677-2fc0-4441-a23b-60ebd8d37896> | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | http://toucans.info/archive/2012-2/december-2012/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187820927.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20171017052945-20171017072945-00103.warc.gz | en | 0.968083 | 589 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Better Living Through Better Nutrition
Ready to take your health into your own hands? Start with what you put on your plate.
Nutrient deficiencies are among the biggest factors in age-related health issues. Eating a wide variety of fruits, vegetables and lean meats gives you a better chance of keeping medical concerns at bay. Proper nutrition might even let you scale back on medication by lowering cholesterol, improving cardiovascular health and boosting brain function – all of which are directly tied to quality of life.
Eat the Rainbow
Fruits and vegetables come in a rainbow of colors; in fact, nutrition experts often say to "Eat the rainbow.” From red apples to green kale, each hue is nature’s color code of nutrients that help your body function at its best. Colorful foods such as leafy greens, red berries and orange sweet potatoes will help you get the vitamins and minerals you need.
When it comes to protein, the American Heart Association recommends eating foods that contain healthy fats and omega-3 fatty acids. Wild-caught salmon, nuts and free-range eggs are all excellent sources. Omega-3s can also help prevent Alzheimer’s disease. Likewise, foods rich in antioxidants can promote healthier brain function. Berries, green tea and pinto beans all contain high amounts.
High-fiber foods can help lower cardiovascular risks and keep cholesterol in check as well. In fact, lowering your cholesterol by just 10 percent can reduce the risk of heart disease by up to 30 percent. Fiber-rich foods include oranges, broccoli and legumes like lentils, peas and chickpeas.
Putting it Into Practice
Breaking old eating habits can be hard, but it doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Small steps add up over time. Ease into eating healthier with these simple tips:
- Make healthy foods easy to access. When you’re hungry, you’re more likely to grab whatever’s convenient. Put fruit in a basket on your kitchen counter, store nuts in the cupboard and load your refrigerator with fresh vegetables.
- Go nuts for nuts. Not only are nuts an excellent source of antioxidants and healthy fats, they’re also a great substitute for crackers and potato chips. Enjoy a handful whenever you have a craving for crunch.
- Eat more fish. Two servings a week of fatty fish like wild-caught salmon and mackerel can help improve brain and heart health. Not a fan of fish? Try grass-fed beef. A 3.5-ounce serving averages about 80 milligrams of omega-3s – twice as much as regular beef.
- Say hello to salad. Salads are an easy way to add vegetables to your diet. Buy prewashed greens to make them quickly and easily. Top them with all-natural chicken breast or hardboiled free-range eggs to add protein.
Continue adding healthy foods into your diet until it becomes second nature. Be patient; it takes time to form new eating habits. But once you have those habits down, you can improve your health and your quality of life one meal at a time. | <urn:uuid:e3ab5edc-776e-42c0-aac1-93f563e8c655> | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | http://blog.essencehealthcare.com/better-living-through-better-nutrition | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657138752.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20200712144738-20200712174738-00060.warc.gz | en | 0.922212 | 638 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Theme from A Musical Joke K.522
January 27, 1756
, December 5, 1791
A child prodigy, Mozart wrote his first symphony when he was eight years old and his first opera at 12. He went on to write some of the most important masterpieces of the Classical era, including symphonies, operas, string quartets and piano music.
A Musical Joke K. 522, (Divertimento for two horns and string quartet) is a composition by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; the composer entered it in his Verzeichnis aller meiner Werke ('Catalogue of all my Works') on June 14, 1787. The music is intentionally written to be funny, being liberally sprinkled with obtrusively clumsy, mechanical and over-repetitive composition, together with passages evidently designed to mimic the effects of inaccurate notation and inept performance.
© Copyright 2000-2023 Red Balloon Technology Ltd (8notes.com)
Help & Info
8notes in other languages: | <urn:uuid:e1437835-4fb5-4e79-82ac-36f548089ff3> | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | https://www.8notes.com/scores/Theme_from_A_Musical_Joke_K_522_Mozart_Wolfgang_Amadeus.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644855.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529105815-20230529135815-00042.warc.gz | en | 0.924995 | 240 | 2.9375 | 3 |
For many years, Google Earth has allowed anyone with a fast internet connection to explore the world from their desk without having to step on a plane. A scroll of the mouse lets you zoom and glide over stitched together satellite photos of the world. With improvements to the technology that allow users to view the world in near-real time, people have found creative ways to use it for various purposes.
One is environmental protection. Citizens and environmental groups turn to Google Earth to fight threats such as water pollution, deforestation and illegal fishing. Google Earth has enabled anyone with an Internet connection to become an environmental watchdog—a phenomenon best described as the democratization of satellite technology.
Prior to the 1970s, satellite technology belonged exclusively to the military, government officials and specialized scientists. In 1972, NASA launched Landsat, the first non-weather satellite for civilian use. Landsat monitored changes taking place on the planet’s surface, from agricultural changes to desertification. Since then, a wide variety of increasingly sophisticated satellites have been created and launched to monitor a host of planetary activities.
Following are examples of how Google Earth is used for environmental protection:
Global Forest Watch
Global Forest Watch (GFW) is an online transparent mapping application that provides access to timely and reliable information about forests. It was developed by the World Resources Institute and more than 40 partners (including Google), and was launched on February 20, 2014. GFW is a combination of satellite technology, open data and crowd sourcing. These tools ensure that GFW will empower people everywhere to better manage the world’s forests.
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensing technology that offers high-resolution topographic data. Unlike other forms of remote sensing technology, it penetrates clouds and forest canopy. Brazil uses LiDAR to track deforestation.
Ocean in Google Earth
Ocean in Google Earth is a joint project by Google Earth and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Launched on February 2, 2009, Ocean in Google Earth allows Internet users to virtually dive into the world’s oceans. It displays information such as marine protected areas, weather patterns, temperatures, coral reefs and algal blooms. Ocean in Google Earth is an informative and efficient tool that can help stakeholders (fisherfolk, environmental groups, consumers, etc.) monitor water pollution in the world’s oceans.
Global Fishing Watch
Global Fishing Watch was developed by Google Earth, non-profit digital mapping organization SkyTruth and marine life advocacy group Oceana. It is a platform that identifies the location of fishing boats on a map, using data from ships’ automatic identification system (AIS). By doing so, Global Fishing Watch is able to regularly alert governments and the general public about global fishing activity, preventing illegal fishing in the process. Moreover, shipping companies can use the data provided by Global Fishing Watch to prevent collisions and other sea hazards.
Experts are now using Google Earth to study the tribes of the Amazon Rainforest safely and remotely. Scientists from the University of Missouri and the University of New Mexico were able to determine the population of an isolated tribe living in the Brazil-Peru border using Google Earth imagery from 2006. Google Earth’s satellite images can also be used to protect the Amazon Rainforest’s tribes from threats such as development aggression, illegal mining and human trafficking.
FirstCarbon Solutions (FCS), an ADEC Organization, is a leading sustainability solutions provider with expertise in software and data management solutions. We provide solutions for incorporating mitigation strategies into your business agenda with cost-effective environmental and sustainability management software solutions. To learn more about innovative solutions, review this article from our monthly newsletter, GreenWatch. | <urn:uuid:018405c8-54a3-49ca-a808-64f1ede2db27> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://www.adecesg.com/resources/blog/how-google-earth-promotes-environmental-protection-in-near-real-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711637.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20221210005738-20221210035738-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.911628 | 761 | 3.625 | 4 |
Margaret Gene Arnstein
Margaret Gene Arnstein was a principal architect of the American nursing profession. Renowned for her work in public health, Arnstein also advanced nursing education and research. She was born in New York City on October 27, 1904. Her parents, Leo and Elsie, were second-generation Americans of German Jewish descent. Arnstein had an older sister and two younger brothers. The family participated in Jewish culture, but was not religiously observant.
The Arnstein family was active in Progressive Era reforms. After graduating from Yale University and becoming successful in business, Leo Arnstein served as president of Mount Sinai Hospital and as New York City’s welfare commissioner. He was also on the Henry Street Settlement’s board of directors. Elsie Arnstein was part of the settlement’s vocational advisory service. The founder of the Henry Street Settlement and of public health nursing, Lillian Wald, was a family friend who inspired Margaret to become a nurse.
Arnstein completed her primary education at the Ethical Culture School in New York City and graduated from Smith College in 1925. Although her parents wanted her to become a physician, Margaret’s interest lay in nursing. She enrolled in the New York Presbyterian Hospital School of Nursing, where she received her diploma in 1928. In 1929, she earned an M.A. in public health nursing from Columbia University.
Arnstein worked for five years with the Westchester County Health Department. She then returned to school, earning an M.A. in public health from the Johns Hopkins University in 1934. She spent eight years in the Communicable Disease Division of the New York State Department of Health (1934–1937, 1940–1943), where she designed and implemented innovative nursing research. Her vision for the profession was that nurses should be involved in research and health policy in addition to patient care.
In 1943 Arnstein’s public health endeavors broadened to the international arena. She was hired by the United Nations to develop nursing services for World War II refugees. In 1946, Arnstein entered the newly created U.S. Public Health Service Division of Nursing. She served in several high-ranking posts and became division chief in 1960.
Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, Arnstein engaged in major international initiatives. She surveyed health issues abroad, worked with the World Health Organization, and directed the first International Conference on Nursing Studies. She authored books and numerous articles on nursing and public health.
In 1966, Arnstein left the Public Health Service to spend a year as professor of public health nursing at the University of Michigan. She then accepted the deanship of the Yale University School of Nursing. Under her leadership, Yale became a center for excellence in nursing education. Toward the end of her career Arnstein’s contributions were widely recognized. She received several honorary degrees and in 1966 was the first woman to receive a Rockefeller Public Service Award. In 1971, the American Public Health Association awarded her its highest honor: the Sedgewick Memorial Medal. Arnstein retired in 1972 after becoming ill with cancer. She died in New Haven on October 8, 1972.
Communicable Disease Control, with Gaylord Anderson (1941); “Communicable Disease in Wartime.” Public Health Nursing (April 1943): 194–196; A Guide for National Studies of Nursing Resources (1953); “Nursing in UNRRA Middle East Refugee Camps.” American Journal of Nursing 45 (1945): 378–381; “Research for Improved Nursing Practices,” with L. Petry and P. McIver. Public Health Reports (February 1952):183–187; “Surveys Measure Nursing Resources,” with L. Petry and R. Gillian. American Journal of Nursing 49 (1949): 770–772.
Arnstein, Margaret Gene. Archival material relevant to public service. Division of Nursing, United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland; Arnstein, Margaret Gene. Personal papers. National Nursing Archives, Mugar Library, Boston University, Boston; Fondelier, Shirley H. “Margaret Gene Arnstein.” In American Nursing: A Biographical Dictionary, edited by Barbara Sicherman and Carol Hurd (1988); Green, Ilene Kantrov, and Harriette Walker. “Margaret Gene Arnstein.” In Dictionary of American Nursing Biography, edited by Vern Bullough, Olga Maranjian Church, and Alice P. Stein (1988); NAW modern; NYTimes, October 9, 1972, 34:4; WWWIA 5.
How to cite this page
Connolly, Cynthia. "Margaret Gene Arnstein." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. 1 March 2009. Jewish Women's Archive. (Viewed on August 29, 2016) <http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/arnstein-margaret-gene>. | <urn:uuid:b6fb4426-2082-4015-bfbe-8788a9717bb3> | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/arnstein-margaret-gene | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982290497.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823195810-00184-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95914 | 1,021 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Throughout your body, an interconnected system of glands known as the endocrine system makes the hormones that affect processes from head to toe. Hormones travel in your bloodstream and work slowly to help regulate organs and tissues. Your health can be affected if your body produces too much or too little of a hormone or if your body doesn’t properly respond to hormones.
Advanced Care for Hormone-Related Conditions
Work with the experts at Avera to receive top-quality care—including diagnostic evaluation and treatment—of endocrine-related conditions such as:
Diabetes Care for the Upper Midwest
As the most common endocrine-related condition in the United States, diabetes affects more than 29 million Americans or just over 9 percent of the population. Wherever you live in the Upper Midwest, you can benefit from Avera’s extensive diabetes services, including intensive insulin therapy and/or use of an insulin pump, as well as diabetic and dietary education by an Avera team of board-certified endocrinologists.
Get the Help You Need
Ask your doctor for a referral or schedule an appointment directly with an Avera endocrinologist at a location near you.
Explore endocrinology resources available online through our free health library. | <urn:uuid:3b1a6d85-2295-4c64-9fcf-0276fb0a0a50> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | https://www.avera.org/services/diabetes-endocrinology/endocrinology-services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039744320.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20181118073231-20181118095231-00099.warc.gz | en | 0.921119 | 257 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Your health will depend on the type of food you eat. The food you eat impacts your body. It increments or diminishes your odds of getting tainted by a dangerous infection. It is a demonstrated actuality by research that smart dieting can improve the future by around 10-12 years for the two people.
It is unimaginable to drastically change your eating regimen in one day. Rolling out little improvements in your eating routine gradually will after some time assist you with improving your dietary patterns and will make it feasible for you to keep a solid eating regimen and have an ideal weight.
Impacts of eating a sound eating regimen
As per the CDC, one of every four individuals kicks the bucket from heart illnesses. Furthermore, the danger factors for heart sicknesses incorporate corpulence, elevated cholesterol, heftiness, and having a terrible eating routine. As a rule, helpless dietary propensities and the absence of actual work make an individual fat.
Being hefty builds a person’s odds of getting a wide scope of infections. In this manner, having and keeping an ideal weight, as per your tallness and body type, is important to guarantee a sound life, liberated from illnesses. What’s more, the best approach to keep an ideal weight is by eating the correct way. Diets low in soaked fats and high in monounsaturated fats help decline your dangers of building up any cardiovascular-related illnesses.
What should the diet contain?
The eating routine of a sound individual for the most part incorporates loads of products of the soil, nuts, and wholegrain nourishments. They keep away from prepared food, white bread, and red meat.
There ought to be sound segments in your eating routine and you can make your solid eating regimen plans as indicated by your social inclinations and individual ailments.
Late investigations likewise presume that a solid eating regimen improves vascular wellbeing, mind work and furthermore diminishes cell maturing. In all, it is essential to abstain from smoking, liquor utilization, lessen the measure of food high in sugars and sodium, dodge soaked fats, prepared red meats, and canned food sources that are high in additives to guarantee a sound eating regimen and solid living. | <urn:uuid:8feeff23-f4dd-4ae7-95da-47465dd265a7> | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | http://www.simplyhealingclinic.com/how-eating-healthy-helps-you-live-a-healthier-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487649688.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619172612-20210619202612-00618.warc.gz | en | 0.943485 | 446 | 2.640625 | 3 |
A comedy in five acts, William Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream was written about 1595–96 and first published in 1600. A revised version was published in the First Folio of Shakespeare’s written works in 1623. A Midsummer Night’s Dream is considered one of Shakespeare’s most popular works.
The play begins as Theseus, the ruler of Athens, is about to marry Hippolyta, the Amazon queen. Meanwhile, Hermia and Lysander, who are in love, flee to a forest outside Athens after Hermia’s father demands that she marry Demetrius. Helena, who is in love with Demetrius, tells him that Hermia is in the forest. He goes looking for her and Helena follows. In the meantime, Oberon, the king of the fairies, fights with his queen, Titania. Afterwards, he orders his servant Puck to place a magic potion in the eyes of Titania and Demetrius so the two will fall in love with the first person each sees. He hopes not only to punish Titania for her disobedience but also to help Demetrius to fall in love with Helena again. Puck, however, mistakenly puts the magic drops in Lysander’s eyes instead of Demetrius’s and makes him fall in love with Helena. Now both Lysander and Demetrius are in love with Helena, but she thinks they are making fun of her and is humiliated. Hermia and Helena end their friendship while the two men become violent rivals.
In the same forest a group of actors is preparing a play for Theseus’s wedding. Being mischievous, Puck gives one of the actors, Nick Bottom, a donkey’s head. When Titania awakes, the first person she sees is Bottom. After much confusion and wooing attempts, Oberon uses his magic to restore everyone in the forest to their original state. Theseus invites the two couples (Hermia with Lysander and Helena with Demetrius) to marry while he weds Hippolyta. The play ends as Bottom’s theater troupe performs their play, The Most Lamentable Comedy and Most Cruel Death of Pyramus and Thisbe, in which the characters experience the same things that have taken place in the forest that day. | <urn:uuid:02d2a5c9-b3cd-4443-952c-d5c333b2df1e> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/A-Midsummer-Nights-Dream/394570 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296946584.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20230326235016-20230327025016-00310.warc.gz | en | 0.950857 | 487 | 3.8125 | 4 |
There is little doubt that belt conveyors and bucket elevators are two of the reliable and economical ways to move materials from A to B. However, to ensure the longevity of this type of equipment, the issue of proper care and maintenance must be considered.
There are many reasons for conveyor failure, but regular inspection and subsequent planned preventative maintenance is always far more efficient and less costly than breakdown downtime and repair. And it should be noted that both conveyor belt and bucket elevator maintenance, not only includes proper care of the belt, but also includes care and maintenance of the hardware, which includes idlers, pulley, belt cleaners etc.
Often though, it is not just a lack of proper maintenance that leads to failure. For example, belt speeds and feed configurations or even the feed material, may have been changed to meet new production requirements. However, what may seem like a simple adjustment to meet demands, can cause ongoing problems for the conveyor by affecting the belt tension and the counterweight or take up arrangement may not be applicable to the new belt speed or capacity. This in turn can reduce the life of the belt, componentry and be the route cause of material spillage.
Without exception, one of the common conveyor problems is the belt alignment or tracking.To better understand this problem, it is necessary to understand what alignment is. A belt is considered to be tracking properly (aligned), when the edges of the belt constantly remain within the width of the pulley faces and within the confines of all the rolling components (idlers, return pulleys etc.), while the conveyor is under full load. To achieve this, it is therefore important that all the components be square relative to one and other. Likewise, the belt material must be free from defects, squarely spliced and correctly tensioned.
Another area where careful attention should be paid is the conveyor transfer points. Loading of the conveyor centrally is essential in maintaining proper tracking, as it is almost impossible to achieve and maintain proper tracking if the loading is off centre.
Consideration must also be given to the consequences of impact at the transfer points. Correctly designed and installed support systems, not only aid the proper tracking of the belt, but can also improve material containment, which will in turn help reduce maintenance requirements.
Of course, it is not just at transfer points where attention should be paid to the cleanliness of the conveyor. The importance of maintaining a clean conveyor belt and hardware cannot be emphasised enough. For example, a conveyor with carryback unchecked could be responsible for far more serious problems, which will guarantee the requirement for constant attention to containing material spillage and conveyor asset damage.
It is therefore recommended that belt scrapers and ploughs be used and careful attention should be paid to the correct positioning and adjustment of these during maintenance inspections.
As with any continually operating machinery, a readily available supply of commonly used spare parts minimises downtime and reduces the breakdown and scheduled maintenance costs. But in a cost conscious world, having a few spares in stock is no longer an acceptable approach.
When it comes to spare parts, companies who rely heavily on their conveyor systems should pay special attention to the following points.
- Check the maintenance history to see what would be an acceptable minimum level of commonly used parts and never let supplies get below that level.
- Ensure that spare parts are stored correctly and safely. It is no use having minimum levels if when the parts are required, they are not in good condition due to poor storage procedures.
- Consider component standardisation. Standardising on components for all conveyors wherever possible, can lead to significant savings in spare parts by reducing inventory requirements and reducing downtime. Standardising also eliminates the requirement for specialist knowledge of a particular conveyor system.
With more than 60 years cumulative experience in the industry, Kinder and Co know what to look for when carrying out preventative maintenance inspections. Kinder’s engineering team can inspect a conveyor system from end to end, taking into consideration every one of the areas discussed above (and more), then prepare and present a detailed report on the findings.
This report can, where necessary, include recommendations for redesign, with subsequent recommendations able to be carried out by the company, in association with their strategic alliance partners.
Taking the inspection process one step further, Kinder and Co can also provide a complete audit of a conveyor system, including its current planned preventative maintenance program, recommended spare parts requirements and current spares inventory levels and handling procedures. Audits can also include a complete assessment of the conveyor systems safety systems and operator protection requirements. | <urn:uuid:8058e9e3-8006-40be-b867-70158aa4a756> | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | http://www.ferret.com.au/c/Kinder-Co/Proper-conveyor-system-maintenance-inspections-by-Kinder-and-Co-n670337 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698541170.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170901-00297-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93469 | 940 | 2.515625 | 3 |
1963 was a turbulent year. History-making events occurred that would radically and permanently affect the country as a whole, and African-Americans in particular …
- On April 12, America watched with horror and outrage as Birmingham Police Chief Eugene “Bull” Connor and his officers used water hoses and police dogs against peaceful civil rights demonstrators.
- On June 12th, Medgar Evers, NAACP field secretary and civil rights leader, was assassinated at his home in Jackson, Mississippi by a segregationist.
- On August 28th, 250,000 people participated in the historic “March on Washington” and heard Martin Luther King, Jr. deliver his historic “I Have a Dream” speech
… Three weeks later and less than 50 miles away, in Baltimore, Maryland, another group of men would make a different kind of history. | <urn:uuid:1e01580d-6947-448b-9f6e-fb4dacff0ad8> | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | http://www.msiotas.org/about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376829568.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20181218184418-20181218210418-00457.warc.gz | en | 0.979678 | 174 | 3.4375 | 3 |
The benefits of Medical Palmistry are as follows
- It provides an early warning for forthcoming diseases, and one can prevent them early.
- It provides information about hidden diseases which remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed by doctors.
- It helps in the prognosis of diseases where doctors are unsure about it.
- Psychological ailments can be easily recognized by the study of the palm.
- Palmistry has a major role in prevention of diseases. With its help and knowledge, a doctor can easily recognize the weakness of the system and advise the patient all relevant nutritional changes to prevent the disease from becoming severe.
- Serious illnesses, accident and hospitalization can be avoided by guiding the person properly in the nascent stage. | <urn:uuid:34e0c9d9-31ad-412b-835b-fea5e99d9ddc> | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | http://www.aarogya.com/complementary-medicine/medical-palmistry/benefits-of-medical-palmistry.html/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218186891.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212946-00509-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940899 | 147 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Revision Notes for ICSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 1 - Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Class 10 Physics Chapter 1 - Force Revision Notes & Short Key-notes prepared by our expert Physics teachers as per CISCE guidelines. To register Physics Tuitions on Vedantu to clear your doubts.
Physics is a natural science grounded on trials, measures and fine analysis with the purpose of changing quantitative physical laws for everything from the nanoworld of the microcosmos to the globes, solar systems and worlds that enthrall the macro cosmos.
The laws of nature can be used to predict the behavior of the world and all kinds of machinery. Numerous of the everyday technological inventions that we now take for granted are redounded from discoveries in physics. The introductory laws in physics are universal, but physics in our time is such a vast field that numerous subfields are nearly regarded as separate sciences.
The early Greeks established the first quantitative physical laws, similar to Archimedes' descriptions of the principle of regulators and the buoyancy of bodies in the water. But they didn't actually conduct trials, and drugs as wisdom stagnated for numerous centuries. By the 17th century, still, Galileo Galilei and latterly Issac Newton helped to innovate the use of mathematics as an abecedarian tool in physics, which led to advances in describing the stir of heavenly bodies, the laws of graveness and the three laws of a stir.
The laws of electricity, captivation and electromechanical swells were developed in the 1800s by Faraday and Maxwell, in particular, while numerous others contributed to our understanding of optics and thermodynamics.
FAQs on ICSE Class 10 Physics Revision Notes Chapter 1 - Force
1. What's CISCE?
CISCE or also known as the ICSE Board was proposed by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad to replace the Cambridge School Certificate Examination. In December 1967, this Council was registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act. 1860. In 1973, this Council was listed in the Delhi School Education Act, 1973, as a body conducting public examinations. The ICSE board doesn’t define books by any particular author. Scholars generally relate to Selina handbooks and Frank handbooks for studying.
2. Are these crucial notes for the Class 10 examination?
Yes, its notes are prepared by the expert preceptors who constantly streamlined themselves with the guidelines issued from the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE). These notes are lengthy and are of high-quality keeping in mind the pattern of the examination paper. Scholars can use these notes for better medication and to grasp the conception completely and enhance their understanding of the crucial motifs which hold value ( knowledge) to make sense of the subject in a meaningful way.
3. What is Newton’s First Law?
Newton’s first law says that if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, it'll remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless it's acted upon by a force. In fact, in classical Newtonian mechanics, there's no important distinction between rest and invariant stir in a straight line; they may be regarded as the same state of stir seen by different spectators, one moving at the same haste as the flyspeck and the other moving at constant haste concerning the flyspeck.
This hypothetical is known as the law of indolence.
4. State Newton’s Third Law.
Newton’s third law says that when two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and contrary in direction. The third law is also called the law of action and response. This law is important in assaying problems of static equilibrium, where all forces are balanced, but it also applies to bodies in livery or accelerated stir. The forces it describes are real bones, not bare secretary bias.
For illustration, a book resting on a table applies a downcast force same to its weight on the table. Following the third law, the table applies a same and contrary force to the book. This force appears because the weight of the book causes the table to distort slightly so that it pushes back on the book like a coiled spring.
5. What is Newton’s Second Law (F = ma )?
Newton’s alternate law is a quantitative description of the changes that a force can produce on the stir of the body. It says that the time rate of change of the instigation of a body is equal in both magnitude and direction to the force assessed on it. The instigation of a body is equal to the product of its mass and its haste. Instigation, like haste, is a vector volume, having both the magnitude and direction. A force applied to a body can convert the magnitude of the instigation or its direction or both.
Newton’s alternate law is one of the most significant ones in all of physics. For a body whose mass m is constant, it can be expressed in words in the form F=ma, where F (force) and an (acceleration) are both vector quantities. However, it's accelerated in agreement with the equation, If a body has a net force acting on it. Again, if a body isn't accelerated, there's no net force acting on it.
6. State Gravitation Law and its Importance.
Newton's law of solemnity, statement that any flyspeck of matter in the macrocosm attracts any other with a force varying directly as the product of the millions and equally as the forecourt of the distance between them.
Significance of universal law of solemnity. The gravitational force of the magnet of the earth binds all terrestrial objects to the Earth. It explains the seductive force between any two objects which have mass. It explicates the force that binds us to the Earth. The stir of the moon around the Earth.
Here is a list of chapters in ICSE Class 10 Physics :
Chapter 1- Force
Chapter 2- Work, Energy and Power
Chapter 3- Machines
Chapter 4- The Refraction of Light at Plane Surfaces
Chapter 5- Refraction through a Lens
Chapter 6- Spectrum
Chapter 7- Sound
Chapter 8- Current Electricity
Chapter 9- Electrical Power and Households Circuits | <urn:uuid:8204d338-6cf3-4dbf-b3ec-9246b9d139f7> | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | https://www.vedantu.com/icse/class-10-physics-revision-notes-chapter-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510326.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927203115-20230927233115-00335.warc.gz | en | 0.93968 | 1,312 | 2.875 | 3 |
Only a «safe place» enables us to let go of the very effective survival strategies and to learn alternative patterns of behaviour. P
Dr. Marc Schmid, Leading Psychologist
of the Psychiatric Ward for Children and Adolescents of the University Psychiatric Clinic (UPK) Basel
Marriotts School opened its new building in January 2013. The school has over 1150 students, over three floors; so many students interact with each other every day. A common source of anxiety for Marriotts students in the old school was the design of the toilets. This was a place of bullying and often students would not go to the toilet at all during the school day in order to avoid them. As you could see over the
cubicle, students did not feel safe in them. Therefore one of the requirements for the new design was to have open style toilet facilities.
Sophia, a year eleven student said ‘the old toilets made me feel paranoid about people looking over but the new ones are all enclosed, so I have more privacy and feel more safe’. As the pictures demonstrate,
the new toilets are open-planned and well designed, so the washing area is safe and visible to all students and staff. There is CCTV in the washing area, so if there are any incidents, they can be recorded. The cubicles have doors that are completely enclosed but they can be opened by the site team with a special device. There is also a disabled toilet in every area, for students with physical needs.
About 1200 the Saxons came to the landscape called today Romania. At that time it was a very dangerous aerea, Mongolian and Turkish troops envaded this part of Europe and the Saxons were highly welcome to protect these borders. Vice versa they got the right to be the owner of these fertile aerea, they often had the right of jurisdiction.
To be protected they built fortified churches. There they were protected twice, on one hand by the walls and ditches on the other hand by God.
The schools were situated near the walls to protect the children very quickly. In the tower there were provisions to resist several weeks and within the walls there was grass for the animals which were brought in too. There were real safe places for the Saxon inhabitants.
This is the evangelical Saxon church of Sura Mica. It was a fortified church as well, but when the inhabitants built at the end of the 19th century a new school, they used the stones of the wall to raise the building.
In the church there are flags in memory of the killed Saxon soldiers in World War II. The school is situated next to the church.
The excellent cooperation between all the important players in Sura Mica was evident. The priest of th Orthodox Romanian church, the mayor, the head of school with her whole team, the psychiatrist, the doctor of the village, the head of the trust "Kinder Bauernhof", they all work together to face the huge difficulties of poverty especially in Rusciori, a Roma village.
This kind of cooperation empowers the whole Team and provide them effectiveness. Especially for students and their parents this attitude garantees their "safe place".
This Rehab Center is lead by Dr. Holger Lux and his team. Two of his clients told us their story. Addicted persons learn at a safe place - at the former Parish House near the Saxon church - to live a life without alcohol and/or drugs.
They rediscover their effectiveness by taking care of animals and with practical work next to a psycho therapy and group therapy on a regular base.
A great video made by a student from the Italian partner school in Rome which shows how cooperation leads to success. To see that it is worth to give his and her best at school is part of a "safe place" too.
Beata, a teacher from Przemysl, told us about her project to install the safe place for too early born babies and to improve bonding. Some women create little octopusses, wash them, give them to mothers of too early born babies that they have the smell of the mother and then they can be put in the incubator next to the litte baby.
This idea tells us about the importance of bonding as an important factor to protect against Trauma and that there are easy solutions to create places safer for those who are especially vulnerable.
We all got such a little octopus en miniature.
In the Museum of the famous Polish artist Zdzisław Beksiński in Sanok we were confronted with our topic in a way which provoked pondering silence and profound discussions. | <urn:uuid:39f58fc3-9685-4f51-8e3a-d21187f28aa0> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | https://www.yestermorrow.eu/safe-place/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039745522.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20181119084944-20181119110944-00236.warc.gz | en | 0.979759 | 958 | 2.84375 | 3 |
How To Create A Proper APA Format Dissertation Title
There is always more students are required to take into account when it comes to writing academic term papers. While throughout your academic life up to middle level colleges you have been taught basic essay writing formats which usually take into account the introduction, body and conclusion, you also need to factor into the need to expand your understanding of writing enterprise and in which case, as you advance up the ladder of academia, the need to embrace new writing approaches become a big necessity. For instance, you need to have a good grasp of academic writing styles which continue to play a vital role in the way students go about their writing tasks. At the very least, writing styles take into account how one should format his or her academic paper title and the entire body text so that at the end of the day, not only readability is enhanced but also one is rest assured of good grades.
One of the most extensively used academic writing styles is the American Psychology Association, abbreviated as APA. For every writing style, there is a unique way in which formatting should be done. This then brings to the fore the gist of this article and in which we seek to engage students on a number of ways that can help them to not only create but also format academic paper titles the right way. For a case of dissertation writing, you therefore need to factor in title formatting rules. Well, hereafter, are tips that will see you format your title paper topics the right way so that you paper can be presentable right from the onset.
When writing a title for a dissertation paper, it is important to ensure that it is not only creative but also specific. A specific academic term paper topic will help you achieve many ends; key among them is avoiding the possibility of researching more than is necessary. This is all about sticking to the issues so that at the end of the day, you will have a paper that is on point. Stick to the issues at whatever cost.
Title formatted in the APA style of academic writing should be short and precise. Quite often, scholars advise of up to twelve words. Long titles tend to beget ambiguity and thus, become difficult to research or even write on. | <urn:uuid:a68e97c2-f4a5-4af1-b7e5-b2b94df49e11> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | https://greaternewarkcharterschool.org/apa-thesis-title.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347396300.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20200527235451-20200528025451-00434.warc.gz | en | 0.959242 | 447 | 2.546875 | 3 |
1. According to the foreword, what is the only way to bring about world peace?
(a) World peace demonstrations.
(b) The destruction of the atomic bomb.
(c) Internal transformation of the individual.
(d) Education of the masses.
2. What are the fundamental basics of peace?
(a) Love, compassion, and altruism.
(b) Health, religion, and altruism.
(c) Health, wealth, and empathy.
(d) Money, food, and shelter.
3. What path does the atmosphere of peace travel?
(a) World, community, family, individual.
(b) Individual, family, world, community.
(c) Individual, family, community, world.
(d) Family, individual, community, world.
4. According to the Editor's Introduction, what method of obtaining peace is part of Thich Nhat Hanh's teachings?
(a) Living mindfully.
(b) Loving all people.
(c) Creating personal wealth.
(d) Accepting one's social status.
5. What location is the birthplace of Thich Nhat Hanh?
(a) Western China.
(b) Central Vietnam.
(c) Tokyo, Japan.
(d) New York City.
6. What organization is formed by Hanh in 1964?
(a) The School for Social Awareness.
(b) The Salvation Army.
(c) The little Peace Corps.
This section contains 4,284 words
(approx. 15 pages at 300 words per page) | <urn:uuid:73c713ab-9d61-4e9f-9218-914ec2571005> | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | http://www.bookrags.com/lessonplan/peace-is-every-step/multiple.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164014017/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133334-00042-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.808718 | 343 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Landslide hazard assessment is a vitally important component of any strategy for the management of risk of instability in hilly areas. Within many urban areas, reactivation of landslides is an important component of risk. Yet, most qualitative approaches do not differentiate between the hazard of individual landslides. Two quantitative approaches are introduced in this paper both of which utilise GISbased accurate maps of geology and landslip as well as a landslide database. The first method is based on historical recurrence of individual landslides. The second method is based on monitoring of subsurface shear movements, and their relationships to rainfall. Both methods can provide reliable information on hazard. Hazard ranking based on the first method has been validated in the Greater Wollongong area of the State of New South Wales in Australia. This paper does not address the potential hazard associated with sites which are recognised to be stable with no known history of instability. | <urn:uuid:6a9fe779-1fb6-45b9-9ff2-521b3d77f813> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | https://ro.uow.edu.au/eispapers/1781/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347413786.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20200531213917-20200601003917-00254.warc.gz | en | 0.955449 | 187 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Walking my dogs this morning, I was surprised to see a light dusting of frost on neighborhood rooftops. As all gardeners must do, I made a mental note to adjust my garden tasks as the risk of frost increases.
Farmers and gardeners in the NE and the Midwest don’t even try to grow the more delicate natured plants in the winter, but we Californians have the luxury of at least trying. We can protect our crops by using the USDA Hardiness Map to determine your planting zone (I’m in 9b) and learning when to expect frost to occur. According to the Cornell Cooperative Extension office, “Cool, clear nights with low humidity, often following a cold front, are signs of an impending frost.”
UC Davis provides a helpful table that estimates when various areas of California can expect frost in the fall. Keep in mind that these are only educated guesses and that Mother Nature tends to kick our butts whenever we get careless or complacent. If you live outside of California, you can check with your local Cooperative Extension office or Master Gardener office for your first and last frost dates. Armed with this valuable information, you can determine which plants will need protection. You can also follow these helpful tips to reduce the negative impact of lower temperatures:
How do you prepare your garden for winter?
You can grow a surprising amount of food in your own yard. Ask me how! | <urn:uuid:b23368d2-05eb-4e65-80af-2dc56f22c8a4> | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | https://www.thedailygarden.us/garden-word-of-the-day/frost-dates | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371880945.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20200409220932-20200410011432-00297.warc.gz | en | 0.921927 | 293 | 2.921875 | 3 |
After choosing the location, the County purchased 2 parcels of land on November 20, 2001 located behind the park. A drainage study began in 2002 to ensure there was enough water for the project to be successful. Groundwater was monitored in various areas, and soil excavation showed that the bottom of the basin was covered with soil indicative of previous wetlands.
Over a 3 month period, community service workers from York County performed a major clean up of the newly-acquired land. Workers cleared nearly 100 33-gallon drums of garbage and recyclable materials including glass, tin, aluminum, and tires. Large amounts of brush were also removed.
In Spring 2004, over 9,250 herbaceous plants were planted in the wetlands. Since ample water was available, Black Tupelo and Bald Cypress were added to the wetlands. In total, over 800 trees and shrubs were planted in fall 2004. The trees at the start of the trail were planted the following April by the Virginia Cooperative Extension.
Mid-Atlantic Realtors, a private partner, donated the kiosk, built the foundation trail, and constructed 2 bridges. The shorter loop of the trail was added by the County, completing the trail in the summer of 2006. | <urn:uuid:c58bd03e-c4f3-48e5-96ed-6d8102c67219> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | https://www.yorkcounty.gov/821/Why-the-WISE-Wetland-was-Created | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247514804.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20190222074154-20190222100154-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.979029 | 247 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Accessible Online Course Design Tips
Below are some simple strategies for creating accessible courses and demonstrating due diligence to ensure that everyone can access your course information.
Formatting and Writing
- Use white space and headings to break up long blocks of text.
- Pages should have unique and descriptive titles (Module 2 Quiz: U.S. Constitution vs. Quiz 2).
- Write out dates and use full stops at the end of sentences (including bullet points).
- Must follow Web Content and Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) POUR:
- Perceivable -available by sight, hearing and touch.
- Operable – able to be navigated and operated easily.
- Understandable – to both the content and the interface.
- Robust – able to be used by multiple user agents, including assistive technologies.
- All images (except decorative images, like icons or stock photos) should have quality alternate text descriptions.
- Alternate text descriptions should convey the information of the image, not merely describe the image. Alternate text should be an equivalent substitute for the image.
- Alternate text should consider the context in which the image appears.
- Complex images like graphs, charts, diagrams, and maps, must also have alternate text descriptions. Lengthy descriptions of complex images can be linked to on a separate Canvas page.
- Avoid using images of text as much as possible. If unavoidable, alternate text must contain all text in the image.
Color and Contrast
- Color should not be the sole means of conveying information. Use texture, pattern, size, shape, etc. in combination with color.
- Ensure a high contrast ratio between background and foreground colors. Test using tools like WebAIM’s Color Contrast Checker.
- To ensure following web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG), WebAim can be used for testing out color and contrast.
Audio and Video
- All audio content (pure audio recordings and audio tracks on video recordings) must have a complete text equivalent in the form of transcripts (audio) or captions (video).
- Ad-hoc recordings (announcements, discussion replies, etc.) should come with a text equivalent that conveys the same information.
- Contact FCPE for transcription resources
- Word Documents: create in latest available version of Microsoft Word and run accessibility checker. Correct all highlighted issues.
- PDFs: create in latest available version of Microsoft Word and run accessibility checker. Correct all issues. Convert to PDF using Adobe plugin. Using Adobe Acrobat Pro DC, run accessibility checker and correct all issues: read order, alt text, tables, language, title, etc. Must be have OCR (optical character recognition)—a scanned book will read as an image and cannot be processed by a screen reader.
- Excel Spreadsheets: Avoid blank cells as much as possible. Use for intended purpose—organizing data. Do not include lengthy sentences, images, etc.
- PowerPoint Presentations: Use notes section to describe content of slides. Notes should serve as equivalent to the information on the slides. Images should have alt text descriptions. Ensure that the order of items on slides is correct.
Course Resources and Learning Technology
- Text Format: digital formats are always preferable, as they can easily be read aloud by a screen reader or other text to speech software.
- Pronouns and Names: in introductions, ask all students to share their names/nicknames and pronouns. Include this information in instructor bios.
- Bias: be aware of bias around gender, race, religion, sexuality, disability, etc. entering into course content (i.e. using the generic he, “ladies and gentlemen,” racial divisions in America being referred to as black and white). See APA guidelines on reducing bias for more information.
- Content Warnings: include annotations on all course materials, and highlight resources that contain troubling content (graphic violence, sexual assault, discussions/depictions of bigoted language, hate crimes, etc.) to empower students to make decisions about when and how to engage with it.
- URLs must be embedded as unique, descriptive links (eCampus at Adelphi rather than https://portal.adelphi.edu/ or “click here for eCampus”).
- Take into consideration for people using assistive technology such as screen reader regarding the display of hyperlinks in emails. Avoid phrases like “click here”, and don’t turn subheadings into links as those can confuse some assistive technologies.
- This is an example of ineffective use of hyperlinks provided on the University of Minnesota’s webpage. We encourage you to refer to the examples on that webpage of how those thinks would be perceived by a student utilizing a screen reader. | <urn:uuid:3e509d9b-1a19-4d5b-aedc-a7450e25059c> | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | https://adelphi.dev.fastspot.com/access-office/accessibility-support-services/accessible-online-course-design-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400249545.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20200926231818-20200927021818-00635.warc.gz | en | 0.850243 | 996 | 2.890625 | 3 |
The first Glasgow Water Company's Act was obtained in 1806, and the company began to supply water early in 1809. Before the Victorian Loch Katrine aqueduct project was completed in the 1850s, it supplied water to Glasgow. Cuningar Loop was the location of several reservoirs that raised water from the Clyde and pumped it to a secondary reservoir at Sydney Street, from where it was distributed throughout the city. The Dalmarnock reservoirs were originally designed under the direction of Thomas Telford and James Watt. The derelict site has now been transformed into a country park, augmenting the 2014 Commonwealth Games village across the river.
|This Glasgow location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.| | <urn:uuid:fb7c31ab-6b27-49b6-b1e0-20b7d629f7d1> | CC-MAIN-2016-30 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuningar_Loop | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-30/segments/1469257824201.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20160723071024-00044-ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971021 | 147 | 3.125 | 3 |
Living in South Korea?
Education and Etiquette in South Korea
South Korea is a country in which education is of high value and Confucian ideals of learning are still considered important. The government invests a considerable amount of the country’s GDP in education. At the same time, parents spend a major share of their income on private tutoring, evening schools (Hagwons) and study visits to foreign countries.
The Education System
Korean children go through six years of primary education and three years of middle school, followed by another three years of high school. Although co-educational schools are becoming more and more common, this is a rather new development. In 1996, only 5% of all schools in South Korea were co-ed. Today, many schools still teach boys and girls separately.
There are academic and vocational high schools in South Korea. Most children attend academic high schools, in order to pursue higher education. Teachers enjoy a lot of respect in Korean schools and their lessons often focus on health, moral values, and independence. A day at a typical high school can be quite tough. It does not only involve a rigorous schedule, beginning at 08:00 and ending at 22:00. Most children also study before and after school.
Education for Expat Kids
South Korea offers three different schooling options for expat children:
- Local Korean schools might be your best bet if you plan on staying in Korea for a couple of years or even for good. Your kids may easily adapt to Korean society in the long run. However, keep in mind that it might also be hard for them to adjust at first if they are not proficient in Korean yet. There is a wide choice of public and private schools, but only public elementary schools are free of charge.
- Homeschooling is an increasingly popular choice among expat parents. Internet resources are often of great help to parents who want their kids to keep up with the curriculum of their home country.
- International and foreign schools are mostly available in bigger cities, such as Seoul. While most expat parents send their children to an international school, annual fees can amount to 12,000–20,000 USD or more. In addition to application documents, most schools require parents to submit transcripts, report cards, and standardized test scores of their children.
It’s All about Being Polite
When you meet and mingle with the locals in South Korea, keep in mind that special rules apply. For instance, you should wait for your friends or colleagues to introduce you to a third party at social gatherings. South Korean men usually greet each other with a slight bow and a handshake. In this case, the younger person should be the first to bow, while the older one should be the first to extend his hand.
Elderly people enjoy a lot of respect in South Korea and you should always speak to them first. Make sure to pass objects with both hands and compliment them on their good health. But remember that physical contact is very rare and considered inappropriate unless it’s between friends and peers. Do not touch people’s arms or back, even if it is in a friendly manner.
South Koreans are very polite folks. They lower their voice when talking or laughing in public, and criticism should only be communicated in private. Blowing your nose and pointing the soles of your feet towards other people is considered extremely rude and even vulgar. Try not to cross your legs, especially in front of an authority figure, and if the spicy food makes your nose run, briefly leave the table.
We do our best to keep this article up to date. However, we cannot guarantee that the information provided is always current or complete. | <urn:uuid:becfd71b-8bbb-4cd1-8358-7fe79ea3a84e> | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | https://www.internations.org/south-korea-expats/guide/living-in-south-korea-15576/education-and-etiquette-in-south-korea-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806842.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20171123142513-20171123162513-00786.warc.gz | en | 0.968505 | 757 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Some have criticized the graduated licensing system saying it puts undue hardship on teens who have jobs or extra study and need to be able to drive any time without hindrance. But a new study showing that the New York program is actually saving lives refutes any claims that graduated licenses aren’t helping teenagers.
In fact, the New York program is so good, the Insurance Institute Of Highway Safety and Highway Loss (which commissioned a recent study proving the NY program saved teen lives) said the program should be copied by every state in the union and made mandatory for all teen drivers.
Graduated licensing helps new teen drivers gradually develop road and car-negotiation skills through three stages: a supervised learner’s period, an intermediate license (after passing a road test) that limits driving in high-risk situations except under supervision, and a license with full privileges.
The institute says more than 500 lives a year could be saved and more than 9,500 collisions could be prevented yearly if every state enacted the five essential components of young driver laws in the nation. | <urn:uuid:c89bdf09-76e5-47ee-a7be-f4144883a3e3> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | https://www.myimprov.com/new-york-saves-lives-with-graduated-licenses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247504790.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20190221132217-20190221154217-00308.warc.gz | en | 0.941457 | 215 | 2.5625 | 3 |
THE FIRST PODCAST The story of Benjamin Franklin at the end of his life — at the birth of a new nation.
Benjamin Franklin was the most famous American in the world by the time of the Revolutionary War, known as a writer, inventor and philosopher. But as an old man, he would earn another title — rebel.
By the time of the Boston Massacre, Dr. Franklin was already an elderly man, watching the early days of American unrest from his comfy home in London. His scientific experiments were eventually put on hold as he rushed back to the colonies to help set up the mechanism of independence.
But while others went to war, Franklin went — to France? It was because of his great celebrity that he was deployed on an unusual mission to court an important ally for George Washington and his Continental Army. And it was in the banquet halls and libraries of Paris that Franklin would actually invent one of his useful creations.
STARRING: Mesmer, Marie Antoinette, Voltaire and all the Founding Fathers!
Subscribe to The First here so that you don’t miss future episodes!
You can also listen to the show on Stitcher streaming radio from your mobile device.
Or listen to it straight from here:
THE REBEL: AMERICA’S FOUNDING INVENTOR
This painting is by David Martin, made of Benjamin Franklin in 1767
From my trip this week to Philadelphia for the eclipse:
An excellent day in Philly. Paying my respects to Ben Franklin at the Christ Church Burial Ground again before heading back to NYC. This Friday the new episode of the Bowery Boys spin-off The First comes out, the last part of The Invention of Benjamin Franklin mini series. Catch up on the first two parts: http://www.boweryboyshistory.com/2017/08/lightning-strikes-philadelphia-experiment-benjamin-franklin.html
From the Benjamin Franklin Museum:
Next to the gravesite of Ben and Deborah Franklin: | <urn:uuid:d0c8555e-71c5-4c39-8925-427c44a105f5> | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | http://www.boweryboyshistory.com/2017/08/rebel-benjamin-franklin-americas-founding-inventor.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806708.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20171122233044-20171123013044-00250.warc.gz | en | 0.947941 | 421 | 2.59375 | 3 |
One of the Civil War’s best-known generals, William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) was born in Lancaster, Ohio in 1820. He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1840 and served in California and the Mexican War. Appointed brigadier general of volunteers in 1861, Sherman fought at Bull Run and Shiloh. Promoted to major general in 1862, he distinguished himself in the Vicksburg and Chattanooga campaigns of 1863. Sherman blazed a trail of destruction as his troops seized Atlanta, marched to the sea, and headed north through the Carolinas. He received the surrender of Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston on April 26, 1865, seventeen days after the surrender of General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox, Virginia.
General Sherman retired to New York and resided near what is now called Sherman Square on W. 70th Street and Broadway. He died in New York in 1884. The saying “War is hell” is attributed to Sherman. His younger brother, Senator John Sherman (1823-1900) of Ohio, was the author of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890.
In 1952 the City of New York acquired additional property on the block bounded by Amsterdam Avenue, West 78th Street, Columbus, and West 77th Street for school and recreational purposes. The old P.S. 87 building on the site was razed, and the new William T. Sherman School opened in 1954. Plans were drawn up for a playground for school and community use, to be jointly operated by Parks and the Board of Education. The design incorporated play equipment and facilities for rollerskating and basketball, and maintained the old school garden.
The site was updated as an adventure playground by architect M. Paul Friedberg by 1970. When that arrangement became obsolete, Operation Playground, a 1500-member neighborhood organization of parents and children, was established to raise funds, design, and construct new facilities for the site. The group raised $55,000 in private contributions, and Parks added more than $30,000. Nationally known playground architect Robert Leathers designed the facility with a maze, fire engine, tire bridge and swing, treehouse, roller coaster obstacle bridge, and suspension bridge with tunnels. Over the course of seven days in May 1987, community volunteers and Parks laborers worked side by side to build “Wood Park.” A short segment about the playground construction runs periodically on the beloved children’s television show “Sesame Street.”
In 1997 Council Member Ronnie Eldridge funded, for $760,000, the fourth incarnation of Tecumseh Playground. The new design allows children to imagine a journey between New York City and the West in the 1870s. The entrance is marked by a train silhouette on the fence and colored pavement train tracks which lead into the playground. On the “east” side of the playground, playhouses and tot play equipment represent cosmopolitan shops and the Grand Central Depot. On the “west” side, a Conestoga wagon climber, buffalo play sculptures, spray shower, and fortress play equipment suggest the thrill of the frontier. In the center a decorative paved area depicts leaf shapes and animal footprints from the eastern and western United States. Other features include new safety surfacing, drinking fountain, drainage and water supply. A new weathervane signals the cavalry charge of school children from P.S. 87 scrambling into Tecumseh Playground to have some fun.
Directions to Tecumseh Playground
Tecumseh Playground Weather
Know when to go:
View upcoming athletic area usage in | <urn:uuid:1cd0f356-1dcf-49c4-ba18-62163590c81f> | CC-MAIN-2015-27 | http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/tecumseh-playground/history | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-27/segments/1435375094690.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20150627031814-00201-ip-10-179-60-89.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957593 | 751 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Aegis Trust’s leaders in Africa and Europe endorsed the Inzovu Curve model as a way of inspiring action against genocide. But we believe it has implications for all museums and memorials, not just those that commemorate atrocities. You are invited to help us test that hypothesis.
01 INFORMATION COLLECTION
Use the bucket of cards (pain, reflection, hope, action) to capture notes and thoughts that describe the experience inside the museum/memorial visited.
02 EXPERIENCE ASSESSMENT
Map all the insights and observations on the big journey poster, synthesising the key elements and shaping the emotional experience across moments and touchpoints. At the end, rate the efficacy of the experience offered in each specific phase (using the stars rating).
03 IDEA GENERATION
Quickly generate ideas for intervention based on your observation, pain points identified and potential ways the experience may be improved to further activate the visitor experience.
04 FRAMEWORK EVALUATION
Evaluate the Inzovu Curve!
05 OUTCOMES SHARING
Formalize the mapping, ideaas and share the results with other participants. | <urn:uuid:4c12195c-8269-4acc-b977-69f2a9c72d1e> | CC-MAIN-2020-50 | http://inzovucurve.org/resources/workshop-toolkit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141681209.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20201201170219-20201201200219-00153.warc.gz | en | 0.866637 | 237 | 2.53125 | 3 |
An early media architecture example conceptualized and implemented as part of the ars electronica futurelab. For the new building of an Austrian education institution we conceived a display concept based on the idea of “functional transparency”, the building communicating its processes to its users, visitors and the city.
The project consists of three elements. Most visible from the city, the light columns with individually addressable RGB light elements, communicates global environmental parameters such as time of the day. A second display element, the text floor, was associated with the domain of the users, who could exchange messages (which would, for example, only be able to pass through a door if it was open). Finally, small displays in the vertical columns would show the status of the system, such as the times individual doors have opened on that day.
The user input happens over four input terminals where users could input speech, text or biometric measures such as their pulse, which would cause the light columns to blink in sync. | <urn:uuid:2014c57b-b4ad-476e-8680-adcbbe618486> | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | http://offenhuber.net/unit-m/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163064915/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131744-00034-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949713 | 202 | 2.78125 | 3 |
When the Conquistadors invaded Central and South America in the 1500s, they brought riding horses which were among Spain's finest. Inevitably many horses either escaped or were scattered during battles. Many of these horses survived in the vast pompas of South America. In this sometimes harsh and hostile environment, only the strongest survived to pass on their superior characteristics to their progeny. The breed of horse which is derived from these wild horses is the Criollo. The Criollo is found throughout South America but most prominently in Peru and Argentina. The Criollo has been used in many capacities, both as a cavalry mount and as the Gaucho's pony.
The Criollo has a medium-sized head fixed to a deep muscular neck. The back is short and the ribs are wellsprung. The quarters are ample and muscular. It has very little cannon bone and its legs are clean. Chestnuts appear only in the area of the hocks. The Criollo stands between 13.3 and 15 hands. The most prevalent color is dun with stripes, palomino and pinto.
The origin of the Criollo is traced back to the horses brought to the Americas by the Conquistadors. The Criollo is found in many countries of South America.
Two famous Criollos, "Mancha" and "Gato," were ridden 13, 350 miles between Buenos Aires and New York. This journey brought them to an altitude of 19,250 feet at one point. They also crossed 93 miles of desert in Ecuador in 120 degree heat without water. Annually, there is an endurance ride in Argentina for Criollos which lasts 15 days and covers 470 miles (750 km). The horses must carry 242 pounds (110 kg) and are allowed no food other than that found along the trail.
For more information:
Criollo, Petsio Argentino Sociedad Rural Argentina Florida 460 (1005) Buenos Aris, Argentina | <urn:uuid:6bbdffe9-0acc-4960-b839-ee8ed88e4331> | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | http://cowboyfrank.net/fortvalley/breeds/Criollo.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738659865.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173739-00086-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953086 | 406 | 3.484375 | 3 |
- Education activists protested against legislation changes they believe will delay infrastructure projects at schools.
- The legislation could slow down the eradication of pit latrines at schools.
- In the last decade, the number of schools with pit latrines has halved, Equal Education said.
Equal Education fears the ongoing use of pit latrines in schools could be prolonged following changes to legislation proposed by the Department of Basic Education relating to the scrapping of deadlines to fix school infrastructure.
The organisation marched in Cape Town on Thursday against draft amendments to the Norms and Standards for Public School Infrastructure, which it claims are “drastic and unacceptable”.
Outside Parliament, Equal Education members displayed broken chairs and desks as part of the protest, while schoolchildren featured art of what their dream schools would look like.
“The situation is that they have to live with the trauma each and every day of not having computer labs, proper desks and proper chairs,” said Equal Education’s head of organising in the Western Cape, Nontsikelelo Dlulani.
“The deadlines are the only thing we can hold onto and hold the minister accountable. Even today, we still have pit latrine toilets, a lack of perimeter fencing, water and sanitation.”
The organisation claims one of the biggest changes proposed by Basic Education Minister Angie Motshekga is to do away with the deadline as to when the government must get rid of pit latrines and provide basics, such as water, electricity, classrooms, fences and libraries.
The organisation said: “Without deadlines that are written into law, learners and teachers could be waiting another 10 or 20 years for their schools to be fixed. Without the legally binding deadlines, how can learners, teachers and parents hold the education departments accountable to fulfil their legal and moral duty?”
The Department of Basic Education said it would release a statement in response to Equal Education’s concerns on Thursday.
It had not been released at the time of publication.
Pit latrines are still in place at more than 3 000 schools nationally, News24 previously reported.
READ | SAHRC starts legal action against five provincial education departments over pit toilets at schools
It prompted the South African Human Rights Commission to start litigation against five education departments.
The relief the commission seeks will include an order to compel each department to provide a costed work plan that maps out the installation of sanitation facilities and planned upgrades, along with timelines, to the court and the commission.
Education expert Professor Felix Maringe said the issue of infrastructure at schools was important because it affected learning.
“We do not give the issue of infrastructure the due attention it requires. We tend to think about what goes on in the classroom. And while there is nothing wrong with that, we tend to forget that the classroom itself provides an environment which nurtures the kind of effort people will put into their work. Improving infrastructure at school is extremely important,” he said.
Maringe said research had shown a correlation between schools with poor infrastructure and poor learning outcomes, which made a case for developing infrastructure to improve education standards.
According to Equal Education, the government is making slow, but definite, progress in delivering safe and proper school infrastructure.
Equal Education said:
According to the data, the number of schools with plain pit latrines had halved. In addition, 90 schools were completely without electricity, and no schools were completely without access to water.
Equal Education and the Equal Education Law Centre won a legal battle against the department to have provincial education departments submit reports on their process in fixing schools and building new ones.
While the draft amendments would mean that these reports would be published on the websites of the national and provincial education departments, Equal Education said the department was removing “the guidance about the details that should be in the reports”.
This could result in differing information from each province, which may hamper monitoring their progress.
“Without the urgency and accountability demanded by the deadlines in the school infrastructure law, poor and working-class communities will never know when their schools will be fixed,” said Equal Education.
The proposed amendments were published in the Government Gazette on 10 June.
The deadline for feedback is 10 July, which Equal Education said was “far too little time for school communities to properly participate”.
The organisation has requested that public participation be extended until the end of July.
Be the first to comment on "Education activists hit out at education dept over deadlines to fix school" | <urn:uuid:c8f52531-0624-40bf-9c5d-26b2adc215bb> | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | https://www.whatsonincapetown.net/education-activists-hit-out-at-education-dept-over-deadlines-to-fix-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224657169.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20230610095459-20230610125459-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.96752 | 945 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The demand for dental care is high, especially as the American population overall gets older, lives longer, and becomes increasingly sensitive to oral appearance and health.
With a dental assistant job, you get to join this important and oft-used field of health care and embark on your own career in dental health.
What a Dental Assistant Does?
Before we explain how to become a dental assistant, a primer on what you do as a dental assistant is in order.
Specifically, you play roles in the administration of the dental office and patient care.
In the former category, you make appointments, filing organizing patient records, processing bills and payments and filing insurance claims.
Dental assistants also help the dentist during the procedures and exams of patients. Your contributions to the patient's care include, but are not necessarily limited to:
- Taking vital signs, such as blood pressure, pulse and temperature
- Obtaining the patient's medical history
- Make the patient comfortable in the chair, such as by adjusting the incline of the chair
- Taking x-rays
- Sterilize and order the instruments to be used
- Hand instruments to the dentist as directed
- Hold suction hoses that remove fluids from the mouth during the procedures
- Ensure that the dentist can see the mouth by holding dental curing lights
- Making notes of the procedure and reactions to the procedure by the patient
- Take teeth impressions
- Provide tips to patients for oral health, such as brushing flossing or using particular types of toothpaste
- Giving post procedure care instructions to patients or their family members
You will conduct many, if not most, of these activities under a dentist’s watchful eye.
Where Do Dental Assistants Work?
Look for dental assistant jobs with dentists. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, nine out of every 10 worked in a dentist’s office.
You might also find jobs with the Veteran’s Administration, university dental programs and even a few hospitals.
The Necessary Skills
Listen and Follow Instructions
Dentists and dental hygienists will instruct you on matters such as instruments needed during procedures, x-rays and dental impressions if your office includes a dental laboratory.
Listening skills help you understand and execute these directions, as well as insure proper insurance billing and payments and knowing when to schedule appointments.
An important facet of how to become a dental assistant consists of the ability to use your hands especially in working with scrapers, polishers and other small tools and handling teeth.
Dexterity includes grasping, manipulation and keeping your arms and hands steady.
Being organized helps you file and find patient records and track schedules for appointments. With organization skills, you can readily place instruments and supplies needed for procedures.
Patients need understanding and empathy from you during their moments of pain.
You must demonstrate the skill of professionally responding to complaints from patients about their bills or the services rendered by the dentist, dental hygienist or others (including you) in the dental practice.
Speak and Write Well
As a dental assistant, you need to explain clearly and briefly any questions from patients about bills, appointments and any dental procedures.
You also must understand the right terminology in speaking or writing to dental insurance plans and in recording what happened during the dental implant, cleaning, root canal or examination.
How Long Does it Take to Become a Dental Assistant?
For a few in the field, how to become a dental assistant means avoiding the classroom after high school.
With a dentist willing to give you on-the-job training, it is possible to become a dental assistant without going to school.
If you have worked in a hospital, physician's office or medical clinic, you may already have enough experience with making appointments, record-keeping, dealing with health insurance companies and taking patients’ vital signs.
What if You Choose a Post Secondary Dental Assistant Program?
Unless you can avoid formal education to become a dental assistant, you can expect around 12 months to complete a dental assistant program.
At the end of that course of study, you will have earned a certificate or diploma from the program.
If you seek an associate’s degree in the dental assistant field, you will have two years in a community or technical college program.
According to the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), nearly 63 percent of dental assistants have a post-secondary certificate.
Only 12 percent have an associate’s degree, which speaks to the general rule that dental assistants do not take the two-year route.
What High School Classes Should Dental Assistants Take?
At a minimum, consider taking biology, anatomy and chemistry in high school. Typing or keyboarding also helps, as your job duties may include entering insurance codes, patient information and appointment schedules into a computer.
Why Should You Become Certified Dental Assistant?
Learn the laws of your state on how to become a dental assistant. Among the states you will find various requirements for being certified or licensed.
The applicability of these rules depend generally on the type of work you perform.
In a number of states, you must obtain a license to x-ray teeth.
Some jurisdictions will not require a license of you to work on teeth if you do so under a dentist’s supervision.
In others, you must be licensed if you are performing cleaning or polishing teeth (even with the dentist’s supervision) or helping the dentist with procedures.
Becoming a Certified Dental Assistant
If your jurisdiction requires certification, turn to the Dental Assisting National Board, Inc. (DANB). This body confers the necessary certified status on dental assistants.
Your journey to certification starts with completion of a program accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation of the American Dental Association.
Upon graduation, you take an exam which tests your knowledge of:
- General Chairside Assisting (GC): This test covers what you do in assisting a dentist performing a procedure such as a root canal, cavity-filling or application of a bridge or crown.
- Infection Control (ICE): In this exam, you show your knowledge of personal hygiene protocols, sterilizing and handling instruments, preventing cross-contamination of instruments and equipment, and potential hazardous materials or matter.
- Radiation Health and Safety (RHS): In this exam, you answer questions regarding the operation of x-ray equipment, safe levels of radiation, the effects of radiation and how to achieve quality and reliable results of x-rays.
Becoming Certified Entry Level Dental Assistant
Getting the full certification requires that you log 3,500 hours of experience.
If you lack the hours, you may also become a certified National Entry Level Dental Assistant (NELDA).
When you achieve NELDA status, you have a lure for prospective employers because you have demonstrated some command of the basic work of dental assistants.
DANB has crafted three routes to this first-level certification:
- An approved high school dental assisting program
- An approved post-secondary dental assisting program
- A program under the U.S. Department of Labor’s Job Corps
Now that you see how to become a dental assistant, embark on this career today.
Enroll in an accredited program, start accumulating experience and take the tests to be certified. | <urn:uuid:f6186902-fc98-45a2-9782-0f5d4f2b7c00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newcareerideas.com/how-to-become-a-dental-assistant/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571597.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812075544-20220812105544-00312.warc.gz | en | 0.931357 | 1,532 | 3.3125 | 3 |
New genealogists don’t think about source citations when they research their family trees. They are busy finding new cousins and making the branches grow.
It is not until they go back to find a certain reference or to review where they got a certain piece of information that they begin to realize just how important citations are. Citations are also vital when people share their family tree research.
What are citations?
According to Wikipedia:
Broadly, a citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source (not always the original source). More precisely, a citation is an abbreviated alphanumeric expression (e.g. [Newell84]) embedded in the body of an intellectual work that denotes an entry in the bibliographic references section of the work for the purpose of acknowledging the relevance of the works of others to the topic of discussion at the spot where the citation appears. Generally the combination of both the in-body citation and the bibliographic entry constitutes what is commonly thought of as a citation (whereas bibliographic entries by themselves are not).
A prime purpose of a citation is intellectual honesty to attribute prior or unoriginal work and ideas to the correct sources, and to allow the reader to determine independently whether the referenced material supports the author’s argument in the claimed way.
Recent blog discussion on citations bring home just how important they can be. The gold standard is outlined in Elizabeth Shown Mills’ book Evidence Explained. She has also produced several “QuickSheets” which are very helpful for the genealogist. (available on Amazon.com)
John Reid of the Anglo-Celtic Connections blog pointed me towards a useful four pager “Citations for Canadians” posted on the Association of Professional Genealogists (APG) Ontario Chapter website at: http://www.ocapg.org/CitationsforCanadians.pdf
AFHS president Kay Clarke and Diane Granger have put together a great reference for newcomers to genealogy called “Beginning Your Family History“.
Check out Step 4. Evaluating Your Information. The source of the information can help determine whether the information is truth or fiction.
Many genealogy software programs make it easy to record your sources. If you are new to genealogy it is highly recommended you establish the habit of recording where you obtained the information. In the long term you will be glad you did. | <urn:uuid:2e1d43f0-2565-40e3-a638-089b442efc88> | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | http://afhs.ab.ca/blog/resources/citations-for-canadians/comment-page-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438042988930.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002308-00240-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903488 | 497 | 3 | 3 |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is an Electrician?
An electrician is a skilled tradesperson who combines electrical theory with the knowledge of the operating characteristics of electrical equipment and devices. Along with this knowledge and the necessary job skills, this individual safely and correctly wires commercial, industrial, residential, and other types of building facilities. Thus, the electrician performs a service, which enables the consumer to use electrical energy for such purposes as lighting, heating and the operation of electrical equipment, motors, control systems and appliances. Through this combination of education, training, and hands-on experience, students not only learn a skilled trade but also build a career. The current electrical workforce is aging and the need for skilled electricians is constant. Jobs for experienced electricians are always available.
If you're seriously interested in becoming a skilled and licensed journeyman electrician, apprenticeship training is the proven method to reach your goal. Years of field experience enhances your practical knowledge but does not substitute for registered apprenticeship training.
The electrician apprenticeship program is a combination of classroom and on the job training over a four-year period. The program is designed to provide the apprentice with the necessary theory and practical training to earn the status of electrician.
The Independent Electrical Contractors, FECC, Inc. Chapter provides you with the proper education to prepare you to step into this greatly needed profession.
For more information on the career opportunities and benefits of an IEC-FECC education, call IEC-FECC at 561-697-4893.
What does it take to become an electrician?
To qualify to take the license exam to become a Journeyman electrician, an individual must have a combination of 4 years of apprentice experience (8,000 hours on-the-job training), and at least 180 hours of classroom training.
What is apprenticeship?
An apprenticeship prepares you for a successful career in the electrical field. Upon completion of the program, you will be a knowledgeable electrician ready to pass the journeyman's exam and be a licensed electrical journey worker.
What are the minimum requirements?
Must be 18 years of age
DL or State ID
A copy of a high school diploma/GED equivalent or transcript will be required.
Proof of residency, if not a U.S Citizen
Be able read and write English
Be able to perform high school math
Able to perform the functions of the trade
Be able to get to and from work and school
This apprenticeship program does not discriminate based on race, color, gender, ethnic status or national origin.
How long is the program?
The program is 4 years in length which includes:
8000 or more hours of continuous on-the-job-training
Recommended 576 hours of related classroom training
How can IEC-FECC help me find a job as an apprentice?
A major benefit of IEC-FECC is our large network of mostly local electrical contractors in South East Florida. IEC-FECC is a trade association in addition to being an educational institution. Apply here for assistance.
When do classes start at IEC-FECC for NEW apprentice students?
Open Enrollment for New students (“First Year Apprentices”) is held mid-June through mid-July of each year. New students will begin their first year of classroom training at IEC-FECC in August of each year. The year ends in either May or June of the following year. There are two semesters per school year.
In addition to the August start, IEC-FECC has a LATE START program for First-Year Students ONLY. Enrollment for the Late Start program opens in mid-September of each year and will close the last Friday in September.
How to apply to the program
If you are already working as an electrical apprentice, OR you are an electrical contractor trying to register one of your apprentices for schooling, please continue down to “How to Register” below and follow those instructions.
How to Register
Select one of these options:
1st year Apprentices Application (w/a sponsoring contractor): 1st year Apprenticeship Application
Sponsoring Contractor Re-enrollment for 1st-4th year students: Sponsoring Contractor Re-enrollment form
Where are classes held?
Due to the current pandemic, the first semester of the 2020-2021 school year classes will be held online via Zoom.
Note: Once back in the classroom, there are 2 classroom locations:
Florida Training Services, Inc.
8011 Monetary Drive, B-1
Riviera Beach, FL 33404
Palm Beach State College
4200 Congress Avenue
Lake Worth, Florida 33460
What is the cost of program?
There is no cost to the apprentice for instruction fees as instruction is paid by your employer each year. You may have a cost for books per year, and for tools for your first year.
Can I use Financial Aid to pay for apprenticeship?
No. Your employer pays the instruction fee per year.
Is the curriculum nationally recognized?
The IEC 4-Year Electrical Apprenticeship Program is based on the IEC Nationally approved USDOL Curriculum.
Do you accept transfers from other electrical apprenticeship programs?
Yes, however you will be tested so we can determine your skill level coming in. We also ask you to provide a transcript from your school, a certificate of completion and any OJT hours you worked while in that program. IEC-FECC reserves the right to determine your placement upon entrance into our program.
Who are the instructors?
IEC-FECC prides itself on the passion and talents of our instructors.
Our instructors are dedicated to teaching students and shaping them into highly skilled, highly trained, and highly motivated electricians. As licensed electricians themselves, they bring a wide range of experiences to the classroom which help our students develop an interest and understanding for the real-life applications and impacts of their skilled trade. Quite a few of our instructors own their own successful electrical contracting companies.
What is the curriculum for each year of training?
The entire four years of the curriculum can be viewed here. | <urn:uuid:7f5e2d86-0686-44a0-9ad3-298f660af4e4> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.iec-fecc.org/faqs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178376006.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307013626-20210307043626-00042.warc.gz | en | 0.938525 | 1,296 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Technology Ideas for the First Day of School: Video Walk and More
I am passionate about integrating tech into the classroom and feel that should start day one. Here are my goals for the first day…
- Show parents/kids that tech will be a big part of our learning
- Allow kids to be part of the tech process.
- Show the kids that it is their learning and tech gives them a voice
- Begin to build the home/school connection by giving parents a “window” into our day
These are the three things I plan to do on the first day…
#1- First day of Kindergarten picture (seen above.) I did this last year and the parents loved it! The key part is getting the image to the parents during the first day. Pictures are priceless and I think it set the tone for our year. Parents knew I cared about sharing our day and learning as well as understood I plan to use tech daily. I got all their emails during open house and told them to expect a fun picture the first day.
#2- Video walk: We will take a walk to meet some of the important people in our school (librarian, principal, custodian, nurse, office manager) and ask them about their most important job in the school. The kids will help ask the question and take the video. Then that video will be our first post on our classroom blog. This will give them something to talk about with their parents and show that the blog will be as pace to share their learning. I use the iMovie app to take all the videos and combine them into one video. Sample video at the bottom of this post.
#3- Pictures, pictures, pictures: My class has access to a digital camera every day (see here) and that will start day one. I will take the pictures taken by the class along with the ones I take of the first day and share those on our classroom blog. It is a quick and easy way to share our day with parents. Don’t have a blog or not allowed to blog. I wasn’t either until last year so I emailed all the pictures to my parents each day. I know that sounds crazy but it was fast and simple with Microsoft word. Check out this image to see the quick way to do this, the only difference is you would save the file as a PDF instead of printing it. Then email the file to parents. It would take me about 5 minutes at the end of each day.
How do you plan to integrate tech the first day? | <urn:uuid:43d94b21-69e4-4ba8-bbf7-b95eafb14310> | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | http://mattbgomez.com/technology-ideas-for-the-first-day-of-school-video-walk-and-more/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1394011294162/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305092134-00002-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969779 | 526 | 2.625 | 3 |
Wimbledon Park, Merton/Wandsworth
A Victorian and interwar suburb in north Wimbledon, a public park – and the home of English tennis
In 1588 Sir Thomas Cecil built the first of Wimbledon’s four manor houses, a two-storey brick mansion with a deer park and 20 acres of gardens, near the rectory that his father had acquired some 40 years earlier.
The estate was sold to the Spencer family in the early 18th century and inherited by 11-year-old John Spencer in 1748, whereupon his trustees doubled the size of its grounds to more than 1,200 acres. In 1765, the year in which he was created an earl, Spencer commissioned Capability Brown to landscape the park and create a 30-acre lake where there had once been a bog.
After the death of the third earl in 1845, the Spencers sold all their property here to insurance magnate John Augustus Beaumont. He soon began releasing large chunks of the northern half of the park to wealthy individuals who commissioned architects and landscape gardeners to create prestigious homes.
The park was mooted as a possible site for the Crystal Palace but the price of land was too high and its management company chose Sydenham instead.
Beaumont sold Wimbledon Park House in 1872 and began to lay out the roads surrounding it, although many plots stayed on the market until the arrival of the District Railway in 1889. In that year Beaumont’s daughter, Lady Lane, leased part of the park to cricket, tennis and golf clubs, while land near the railway line was built up with terraced housing of smaller proportions than the neighbourhood had seen before.
In 1914, Lady Lane sold the remainder of the park to the council for public use. Wimbledon Park’s focal lake is shown in the photograph on the right.* During the 1920s and 1930s, developers filled the grounds of the earliest and grandest properties with detached houses of a more modest size but still of high quality and with large gardens. Wimbledon Park House was demolished in 1949.
In the north of the locality Wandsworth borough council built the four- and eight-storey blocks of the Wimbledon Park estate before and after the Second World War.
The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club moved from Worple Road to Church Road in 1922. The club hosts the Wimbledon tennis championships every June, and around half a million spectators attend over a two-week period. Click here for a Bing bird’s eye view of the tennis club and the neighbouring park.
The children’s storyteller and illustrator Raymond Briggs was born in an Edwardian terraced house on Ashen Grove in 1934.
Postal district: SW19
Station: District line (zone 3)
Further reading: Bernard Rondeau, Wimbledon Park: From Private Park to Residential Suburb, self-published, 1995
Website: Wimbledon Park residents’ association | <urn:uuid:d350591b-f3b4-447f-b09f-4f1f01653f6f> | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | http://hidden-london.com/gazetteer/wimbledon-park/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221217006.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20180820195652-20180820215652-00247.warc.gz | en | 0.964179 | 617 | 2.734375 | 3 |
PRINT THIS DATA
This climate climate zone covers from about 44°N to 50°N latitude mostly east of the 100th meridian in North America. However, it can be found as far north as 54°N, and further west in the Canadian Prairie Provinces and below 40°N in the high Appalachians. In Europe this subtype reaches its most northerly latitude at nearly 61° N. Areas featuring this subtype of the continental climate have an average temperature in the warmest month below 22°C (22°F). Summer high temperatures in this zone typically average between 21-28°C (70-82°F) during the daytime and the average temperatures in the coldest month are generally far below the -3 °C (27°F) mark.
The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Dfb". (Warm Summer Continental Climate).
The average temperature for the year in Cummington is 44.4°F (6.9°C). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 67.4°F (19.7°C). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 19.9°F (-6.7°C).
The highest recorded temperature in Cummington is 93.0°F (33.9°C), which was recorded in July. The lowest recorded temperature in Cummington is -24.0°F (-31.1°C), which was recorded in January.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Cummington is 46.5" (1181.1 mm). The month with the most precipitation on average is May with 4.7" (119.4 mm) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of 3.0" (76.2 mm). There are an average of 115.0 days of precipitation, with the most precipitation occurring in May with 11.0 days and the least precipitation occurring in January with 8.0 days.
In Cummington, there's an average of 76.3" of snow (0 cm). The month with the most snow is January, with 18.7" of snow (47.5 cm). | <urn:uuid:799d641e-42da-48b6-bb3d-e549650e775c> | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=477191&cityname=Cummington%2C+Massachusetts%2C+United+States+of+America&units= | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300616.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220117182124-20220117212124-00631.warc.gz | en | 0.941365 | 479 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Diets don’t work. People keep trying them, anyway, because they offer a magic bullet; a quick way to get rid of excess pounds. But what happens when the diet is over? The weight is regained. Or worse, the dieter ends of up weighing more because of rebound overeating and adverse metabolic effects in response to dieting. It doesn’t have to be like this anymore! You can not starve and have the body and health that you want. You can escape the diet cycle.
The best way to eat to achieve (and maintain) a healthy weight is by making key sustainable changes in food choices over time. Change one thing (i.e. fruit for dessert vs. baked goods). Incorporate that change into daily life. Pay attention to how your body responds. Then make another change. This way weight is lost at a reasonable pace (1 to 2 pounds per week) and an individual can gradually evolve their food plan to be healthy and sustainable over the long term.
To get started it helps to focus on quality of food. Not quantity. For example, you can set your first goal to be eliminating baked goods that utilize refined sugar and white flour (some of the main ingredients standing in the way of a lean and healthy body). To satisfy a sweet tooth you can turn to fresh fruit or learn to create delicious desserts using fruit, nuts and other whole foods. You may even find you don’t need a substitute for unhealthy foods because your tastes will expand and change! Find your one thing and make that change today. | <urn:uuid:794873d2-7c07-40c0-89b7-e398eccfb247> | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | https://www.betterbodiesbytina.com/tinas-health-and-fitness-blog/2017/5/1/key-1-never-say-diet | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187825889.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20171023092524-20171023112524-00787.warc.gz | en | 0.939408 | 319 | 2.59375 | 3 |
In this post, I will write about While loops in Python.
If you have read earlier posts For and While Loops you will probably recognize alot of this.
Count from 0 to 9
This small script will count from 0 to 9.
i = 0 while i < 10: print i i = i + 1
What does it do?
Between while and the colon, there is a value that first is True but will later be False.
As long as the statement is True , the rest of the code will run.
The code that will be run has to be in the indented block.
The i = i + 1 adds 1 to the i value for every time it runs.
Be careful to not make an eternal loop, which is when the loop continues until you press Ctrl+C.
while True: print "Hello World"
This loop means that the while loop will always be True and will forever print Hello World.
Recommended Python Training
For Python training, our top recommendation is DataCamp. | <urn:uuid:2bbc96af-8248-4607-8033-88ec440647b8> | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | https://www.pythonforbeginners.com/loops/python-while-loop | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046150067.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210724001211-20210724031211-00256.warc.gz | en | 0.913091 | 212 | 3.453125 | 3 |
Upside-down world: Jerry Goldsmith's landmark score for Planet of the Apes (1968)
Fitzgerald, J & Hayward, P 2013, 'Upside-down world: Jerry Goldsmith's landmark score for Planet of the Apes (1968)', Music and the Moving Image, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 32-43.
Planet of the Apes (1968) portrays an "upside-down" world populated by dominant apes and inferior, primitive humans. This article examines ways in which screen composer Jerry Goldsmith draws on a range of twentieth-century classical music techniques to create a landmark orchestral film score that enhances the impact of the strange and confronting narrative. | <urn:uuid:f22d24da-733f-44c1-8891-8b29c9906cbf> | CC-MAIN-2017-39 | http://epubs.scu.edu.au/sass_pubs/1091/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689874.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170924044206-20170924064206-00282.warc.gz | en | 0.772762 | 148 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Avadharya: 7 definitions
Avadharya means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionarySource: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary
Avadharya (अवधर्य).—pot. p. To be ascertained determined or considered; विष्णोरिवास्यानवधारणीयम् (viṣṇorivāsyānavadhāraṇīyam) R.13. 5; परिणतिरवधार्या यत्नतः पण्डितेन (pariṇatiravadhāryā yatnataḥ paṇḍitena) Bhartṛhari 2.99.
See also (synonyms): avadhāraṇīya.Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary
Avadhārya (अवधार्य) or Avadhāryya.—mfn.
(-ryaḥ-ryā-ryaṃ) To be ascertained, known. E. ava before dhṛ to hold, causal form, yat aff.Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1) Avadhārya (अवधार्य):—[=ava-dhārya] [from ava-dhṛ] mfn. to be ascertained or known
2) [v.s. ...] ‘to be made out or understood’ See dur-avadh.Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)
Avadhārya (अवधार्य) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Avahāra.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionarySource: Alar: Kannada-English corpus
Avadhārya (ಅವಧಾರ್ಯ):—[adjective] that can be or must be conceived, understood, imagined or believed.
--- OR ---
Avadhārya (ಅವಧಾರ್ಯ):—[noun] = ಅವಧಾರ್ಯತೆ [avadharyate].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Avadharyate.
No search results for Avadharya, Avadhārya, Ava-dharya, Ava-dhārya; (plurals include: Avadharyas, Avadhāryas, dharyas, dhāryas) in any book or story. | <urn:uuid:5fa9e287-3f5e-44aa-a033-79c290c0529a> | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/avadharya | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511351.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20231004020329-20231004050329-00717.warc.gz | en | 0.790599 | 908 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Men are often portrayed as likely to complain about a cold (or ‘man flu’) but otherwise reluctant to visit the GP for a check-up or to seek help regarding health concerns, and this may be part of the reason that men often have worse health outcomes.
Men’s Health Week takes place in June each year; it was started in the US in 1994 to increase awareness of preventable health problems and encourage early detection and treatment of disease among men and boys.
This month we take a look at the broad role pathology plays in some conditions affecting men.
The biggest killer of men in Australia is heart disease. The Heart Foundation says 98 Australian men have a heart attack every day with 1 in 7 dying. Heart disease has a number of risk factors that are modifiable and pathology can help to identify risk and measure improvement by use of cholesterol testing.
Total cholesterol testing measures levels of high density lipoproteins (HDL or ‘good’) cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL or ‘bad’) cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
A person’s total cholesterol score will show whether they are at greater risk of developing heart disease and having a heart attack. High ‘bad’ cholesterol and triglycerides can cause the arteries to harden and narrow. Having a blood test to find out cholesterol levels is highly recommended, particularly for men over 45. Changes in diet can help lower ‘bad’ cholesterol and reduce risk and follow-up pathology results can monitor improvement.
Although younger men may be less likely to worry about heart health, cholesterol testing is also advisable for those under 45 who are in high risk groups. Men with heart disease in their family, who are overweight or have diabetes are all at increased risk and recent research has also drawn a link between mental health and heart disease.
Men are more likely to suffer from melanoma than women and more likely to die from the disease.
Research suggests that, as well as other biological differences, men develop melanoma more on their backs and chests, whereas it is more common on the arms and legs in women. Back and chest areas are harder to see meaning the cancer may go unnoticed longer in men. It is also more difficult for someone to apply sunscreen to their own back when it is exposed to the sun. As men may be less likely to seek help with sunscreen application, this places them at further risk.
Pathology is crucial for melanoma diagnosis which is done via a biopsy of a lesion removed from the skin.
The most common cancer in men aged 18-39 is testicular cancer, according to Cancer Council. Diagnosis of testicular cancer starts with a physical examination and may then include laboratory tests for tumour markers, such as AFP (alpha-fetoprotein), hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase). An ultrasound may also be used to distinguish between cancer and other possibilities such as infection.
Should these tests indicate testicular cancer is likely, diagnosis is confirmed by removing the testicle, which is then biopsied.
A biopsy performed while the testicle is still in situ risks spreading the cancer so the testicle is removed in cases where cancer is strongly suspected. This also acts as the first stage of treatment and further treatment may not be needed if the cancer is detected early.
Once testicular cancer is diagnosed, blood tests to monitor tumour markers can also help doctors to assess the patient’s response to treatment.
Sexually transmitted infections
With research showing that sexually transmitted infection (STIs) rates continue to rise, STI screening is an essential part of men’s health.
In terms of everyday human activities, sex is one of the easiest ways to spread infection and although many men feel that they are in a low risk category for STIs, screening is important to rule out ‘silent’ infections and protect sexual partners.
Chlamydia has raised concern recently as rates are high amongst Australians on the dating scene, including over 50s. Around 50% of chlamydia cases in men have no symptoms and diagnosis can only be made using pathology testing of either a urine sample or a cell sample collected from the urethra (or the cervix in women).
The infection is easily spread and when left untreated can damage fertility in women and can even lead to men becoming sterile in some cases.
Other infections which can be passed on through sex, such as herpes, can increase the risk of contracting more serious diseases like HIV. A sexual health check can help identify any suspect lesions which can then be swabbed to collect a cell sample for pathology testing. | <urn:uuid:ee4c6fb1-c625-4f1e-9691-5f79f723cff8> | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | https://knowpathology.com.au/2015/06/24/mens-health-much-more-than-man-flu/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991553.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20210510235021-20210511025021-00601.warc.gz | en | 0.955059 | 965 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Q 1 Write A Short Note On The Following
The word Laterite is derived from the Latin word 'later' which means 'brick'.Answer (a) Neural coordination.Q 3) Write short notes on the following.When a note receivable is honored, Cash is debited for the note's ________ value.” Use the notation Prime(n) and Even(n) to rewrite this statement in the following two q 1 write a short note on the following forms:.Those are the basic building blocks of flip-flops.18 shows the process of translating an assembly language […].To start, the user should be asked for the height of the tower in meters.It was woven in Surat, Ahmedabad and Patan.The principal of the note plus interest is due on June 4.When aliphatic/ aromatic primary amines are heated with chloroform and alc KOH, foul-smelling alkyl isocyanides or carbylamines are obtained.The five rings have different colours namely yellow, green red blue and black Q-4 Write a short note on the following.It usually overlaps with query tuning, but refers to design of the database files, selection of the database management system (DBMS) application, and configuration of the database's environment (operating system, CPU, etc.SS 3 curve is a rather long run supply curve when quantity can be adjusted greatly to price change.The following points should be considered by managers before.Average Cost c) Labour Market Equilibrium d) Profit maximisation in Short Run e) Explicit Cost Vs.Where V is the axis vector defined by two points P 1 and P 2 as Q.He introduced a new synchronization tool called Semaphore.As price increases from OP to OP 1 quantity supplied is unresponsive if the supply curve is Q 1 S 1 Question 4 The following set of mathematical expressions is the complete set of “times tables” for the Boolean number system:.540 Views q 1 write a short note on the following Answer: The short note for this reaction is given below.The basic function of a decoder is to detect the presence of a specified combination of bits on its inputs and to indicate that presence by a specified output level Write a short note on the following : Prince Siddharth’s protected life.Compare different market structures in detail.Each answer should be no longer than two pages long.A) Inspiration – It is inducted by the diaphragm contraction that raises the volume of the thoracic chamber q 1 write a short note on the following in the anteroposterior axis.Every bedtime (from Latin quaque hora somni) q.Foreach is a loop and System Commands A to Z Short Key of Computer All Computer Notes for Senior Two All Control Keys and Uses All Key Functions Explained All Short Cut Keys All Short Cut Keys for Computer Subject All Short Cut Keys in Computer All Shortcut Keys All Shortcut Keys of.
Professional Term Paper Editor For Hire Usa
Both (p-1) and (q-1) should contain a large prime number.5 7 6 3 g is added to 2 5 m L of 0.Discuss its basic principle of operation., are suspended in the q 1 write a short note on the following cytoplasm 1.India is politically divided into 29 states and 7 Union Territories.Ammonolysis: Alkyl halide reacts with ammonia to form primary amine.Data Types i) ii) iii) iv) v) #include Using namespace std Rules for naming a variable C++ Pointers.We can implement flip-flops in two methods.Immunity is body’s natural resistance to fight against germs and resist diseases..P and q should differ in length by only a few digits.It was highly valued in Indonesia.” Let Prime(n) be “n is prime” and Even(n) be “n is even.It is a huge celestial body made up of extremely hot gases.Atharva6877 atharva6877 Definition of Hybridization.About two third of the Indian desert lies in Rajasthan, west of the Aravali Range, and the remaining one third is in.After saponification is complete, 8.Write short notes on the following: Drug Addiction.Answer the following question in 25 to 30 words q.Crotchet + quaver (quarter note + eighth note) and not the other way round).Compare and contrast the following pairs: (a) Lava and Magma (b) Sills and Dykes (c) Plutonic and Volcanic rocks 2.AIDS is a disease of disorder of the body’s immune system.(a) Cytoplasm (b) Nucleus (a) Cytoplasm: It is a fluid that fills the cell and occurs between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.15 K Write short notes on the following: (a) Memory protection (b) Address mapping.Sometimes the principal gives extra commission to the agent for the recovery of credit sales made by him.In the short run some degree of elasticity is found since supply can be adjusted to price change (SS 2 curve).Describe the experiment of John Tendall for Tantalization.Compare different market structures in detail.See the do-not-use list) QIDS: Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms: q.Four times each day (from Latin quater in die) (not deprecated, but consider using "four times a day" instead.Have the program output the height of the ball above the ground after 0, q 1 write a short note on the following 1.(ii)Jamdani weave: Jamdani weave flourished in the early 20th century.2° and 3° (aromatic/aliphatic) do not give this reaction Answer.Write a note on the mechanism of breathing A.The selection process should be systematic.As much as you like (from Latin quantum libet) q.The Kronecker delta allows one to write the expressions defining the orthonormal basis vectors (7.Conservation and protection of forest hareshsharma777 hareshsharma777 29. | <urn:uuid:c5494461-e6cf-4b6e-9922-e8eba56795a5> | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | https://millturn.ru/q-1-write-a-short-note-on-the-following/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585653.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20211023064718-20211023094718-00199.warc.gz | en | 0.887815 | 1,281 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Many parents are conflicted about whether or not to send their child to pre-school or nursery.
There are many arguments for and against the decision, which can add to the difficulty faced by parents. So, what is best for a child? Should they stay at home until they reach the compulsory age to go to school or will they benefit from going into education early?
This piece is designed to help parents to understand the benefits of giving their child an early education. From getting them used to the school routine through to teaching them social skills at a young age and helping to form their mind with new facts to encourage them to want to learn as they get older.
Education for younger children doesn't have to be as strict or as serious as it is for older kids, and parents should understand that pre-school is often an opportunity for your child to have lots of fun as they learn. It gives a child the freedom to grow, while teaching the importance of structure and routine as well as how to
bond with other children and have respect for their teachers. It is a great way for them to build their social skills as well as developing their emotional skills, as they will need to learn how to form relationships with other adults outside of their family - teachers will be part of their life for many years to come.
Pre-school will also help your toddler to develop their social and interactive skills, when it comes to forming friendships. The younger a child is when you teach them these skills, the easier it is for them to take in the information. Everything from interacting with other children and taking turns through to listening to others and working together are all skills that should be taught at a young age, as good communication skills are something that they will need to have as they get older.
Pre-school is also an opportunity for your child to develop their minds in terms of learning new literacy skills. Their cognitive skills and language ability will improve and they will learn the basic fundamentals of maths and the alphabet, which they will need to use throughout their later life.
A child's vocabulary will grow from 900 to 2,500 words from age three to five and it is important that they learn new words every day as well as learn how to form longer and more complex sentences – all of which is taught in pre-school. Their motor skills will also be developed and children benefit from challenging themselves in new ways by learning how to climb, run and take part of activities with other kids using a wide range of educational toys which you can find here. They can also take part in quieter activities such as bead threading and making collages and it is these challenges that help to build hand-eye coordination and balance as they grow.
Overall, the younger your child is when they attend pre-school, the more beneficial it will be for them. Young minds are flexible, making it easier for them to absorb new information and learn new skills that they will use throughout their school life, from how to play nicely with other children through to learning new information. | <urn:uuid:bf595ac3-3730-4319-89a8-2ccecf88baa1> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | https://www.thebabywebsite.com/family/parenting/the-benefits-of-sending-children-to-pre-school | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812788.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20180219191343-20180219211343-00087.warc.gz | en | 0.987655 | 614 | 2.921875 | 3 |
The Kubadabad Palace, established as the summer residence of Seljuk Sultan Alaeddin Keykubad (1220-1236), lies on the south-west shores of Lake Beysehir, west of Konya. It was first discovered in 1949 by Zeki Oral, and subsequently excavated in the 1960s by K. Otto-Dorn and more recently by a team of archaeologist from Ankara University under the direction of Prof. Rüçhan Arik. The palace is one of a suite of buildings that make up the royal vacation town of Kubadabad, formerly only know from the descriptions of the contemporary historian Ibn Bibi. The complex probably once included the so-called Maiden's Castle (Kiz Kalesi), a wood and stone building on an island in Lake Beysehir. The timbers of this building were cut in 1156, suggesting that it may have been pre-existing and later incorporated into the palace.
The plan of the palace complex is neither symmetrical nor monumental. Two among the sixteen foundations in the complex have been identified as palatial residences. The larger one is fifty by thirty-five meters, with a lake front terrace. It is entered through a stone-paved courtyard with rooms on the south and east sides. A gateway in the northern wall leads to the sultan's quarters and to the brick iwan that served as the throne room. The lakeshore also has a small dockyard, where some of the juniper pilings remain intact. Dendrochronology shows that these trees were cut down in 1231.
The palace is best known for the remarkable polychrome wall tiles recovered in the excavations, many of which are now in the Karatay Museum in Konya. Typical tiles are white, eight-pointed stars and have delicate figural paintings of humans and animals, including some of the best in Anatolian Seljuk representational art. Painted with an underglaze in turquoise, green, purple, and blue, these figural tiles are set on a background of cruciform-shaped turquoise tiles with arabesque motifs in black. Excavations within the city suggest that the tiles were manufactured on-site.
The figural tiles include a wide range of depictions. The sultan is shown sitting cross-legged on some tiles, surrounded by dignitaries of the court. Among the natural beasts depicted on the tiles are birds, dogs, foxes, horses, bears, rabbits and peacocks. Other tiles show supernatural animals such as sphinxes, griffins, double-headed eagles, and dragons. Many of the figures depicted on the tiles can be seen carved in stone on Seljuk buildings of the period. Stucco panels with hunting scenes were also unearthed in excavations at Kubadabad and placed in the Karatay Museum.
Akurgal, Ekrem, and Léo Hilber. The Art and architecture of Turkey, 173. New York: Rizzoli, 1980. | <urn:uuid:7aa7c5df-0bcf-41a2-98f8-c37e4e1363f0> | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | https://archnet.org/sites/4018 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218190295.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212950-00413-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958609 | 630 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Sign In / Sign Out
Navigation for Entire University
- ASU Home
- My ASU
- Colleges and Schools
- Map and Locations
A new report from ASU’s Consortium for Science, Policy & Outcomes and The Breakthrough Institute calls for innovative adaptation efforts to deal with climate risks.
After a generation, the world community agreed last winter in Paris on a framework for lowering carbon emissions in the coming decades. This progress, though laudable, offers little comfort to the billions of people around the planet still vulnerable and exposed to the risks of extreme weather and climate change. Even if emissions magically dropped to zero today, there would still be a massive human suffering and death due to maladaptation to environmental challenges like droughts, floods, hurricanes, and wildfires.
In popular discussions, climate risks are discussed almost exclusively in terms of hazards—stronger and more frequent hurricanes, floods, and droughts, for example. But scholars agree that most of the impact of extreme weather and disasters is better considered a result of exposure andvulnerability—cities on shorelines, farms in floodplains, poor and isolated communities in urban areas, and how prepared these places are for the hazards they face no matter how adequately the world deals with climate change. No less a respected scientific body than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) finds that increasing losses from extreme weather and disasters are overwhelmingly dependent on these dynamics.
In a new report published by Arizona State University’s Consortium for Science, Policy & Outcomes and The Breakthrough Institute (and the final paper in the path-breaking Implementing Climate Pragmatism series), the authors call for an improved framework for climate adaptation in the 21st century. The goal laid out in Adaptation for a High-Energy Planet is simple and can be supported regardless of views about global climate risk: reduce the number of deaths caused as a result of extreme weather and disasters every year, while still accelerating modernization and low-carbon growth on an increasingly high-energy planet. This requires innovative, pragmatic approaches to strengthening climate resilience.
Fortunately, there are good adaptation practices in place today, and lessons to learn from them. From crop development in Nepal to cyclones in India to energy access in sub-Saharan Africa, modern policies and technologies show how to improve society’s resilience to extreme weather and disasters. The report highlights these successful adaptations, connects them to robust social and economic development efforts, and explores what they mean for helping communities to thrive in an ever-changing world.
Read the full report here. | <urn:uuid:c5dceba1-4c31-4220-bd4f-6da176fae4c7> | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | https://sfis.asu.edu/Adaptation-Report_ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315222.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20190820045314-20190820071314-00550.warc.gz | en | 0.918995 | 526 | 3.265625 | 3 |
This article will help you understand TCP SYN Flood Attacks, show how to perform a SYN Flood Attack (DoS attack) using Kali Linux & hping3 and correctly identify one using the Wireshark protocol analyser. We’ve included all necessary screenshots and easy to follow instructions that will ensure an enjoyable learning experience for both beginners and advanced IT professionals.
DoS attacks are simple to carry out, can cause serious downtime, and aren’t always obvious. In a SYN flood attack, a malicious party exploits the TCP protocol 3-way handshake to quickly cause service and network disruptions, ultimately leading to an Denial of Service (DoS) Attack. These type of attacks can easily take admins by surprise and can become challenging to identify. Luckily tools like Wireshark makes it an easy process to capture and verify any suspicions of a DoS Attack.
Here’s an overview of what’s covered:
There’s plenty of interesting information to cover so let’s get right into it.
When a client attempts to connect to a server using the TCP protocol e.g (HTTP or HTTPS), it is first required to perform a three-way handshake before any data is exchanged between the two. Since the three-way TCP handshake is always initiated by the client it sends a SYN packet to the server.
The server next replies acknowledging the request and at the same time sends its own SYN request – this is the SYN-ACK packet. The finally the client sends an ACK packet which confirms both two hosts agree to create a connection. The connection is therefore established and data can be transferred between them.
Read our TCP Overview article for more information on the 3-way handshake
In a SYN flood, the attacker sends a high volume of SYN packets to the server using spoofed IP addresses causing the server to send a reply (SYN-ACK) and leave its ports half-open, awaiting for a reply from a host that doesn’t exist:
In a simpler, direct attack (without IP spoofing), the attacker will simply use firewall rules to discard SYN-ACK packets before they reach him. By flooding a target with SYN packets and not responding (ACK), an attacker can easily overwhelm the target’s resources. In this state, the target struggles to handle traffic which in turn will increase CPU usage and memory consumption ultimately leading to the exhaustion of its resources (CPU and RAM). At this point the server will no longer be able to serve legitimate client requests and ultimately lead to a Denial-of-Service.
However, to test if you can detect this type of a DoS attack, you must be able to perform one. The simplest way is via a Kali Linux and more specifically the hping3, a popular TCP penetration testing tool included in Kali Linux.
Alternatively Linux users can install hping3 in their existing Linux distribution using the command:
# sudo apt-get install hping3
In most cases, attackers will use hping or another tool to spoof IP random addresses, so that’s what we’re going to focus on. The line below lets us start and direct the SYN flood attack to our target (192.168.1.159): | <urn:uuid:c215fbaf-a34d-4f7c-bb04-54ea289e2a0c> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | http://www.firewall.cx/?name=Forums&file=profile&mode=viewprofile&u=58&start=30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590348496026.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20200605080742-20200605110742-00496.warc.gz | en | 0.90396 | 670 | 2.578125 | 3 |
3 months ago Wisdom, the world’s oldest known living wild bird laid an egg, to add to her tally of 36 she has notched up over her nearly 7 decades.
3 months is a lot of sitting on an egg, but Wisdom’s diligence has been rewarded – now the great day has come, and she is proud mum once again to a fluffy little Laysan albatross chick.
What perfect timing – Happy Mother’s Day Wisdom!
Wisdom was believed to be just five-years-old when she was first banded back in 1956 by biologist Chandler Robbins when Midway Atoll was an active U.S. Naval Air Station. In 2002 Robbins encountered her again by chance and her story took off.
Wisdom flies thousands of miles every year to return to Midway Atoll, the breeding site for millions of birds. It is the largest population of albatross on earth: 73 percent of all Laysan albatross, 36 percent of all Black-footed albatross and endangered Short-tailed albatross.
“Midway Atoll’s habitat doesn’t just contain millions of birds, it contains countless generations and families of albatrosses” said Kelly Goodale, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Refuge Biologist. “If you can imagine when Wisdom returns home she is likely surrounded by what were once her chicks and potentially their chicks. What a family reunion!”
The main threats to these birds – on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species – are entanglement in fishing tackle, and swallowing plastic.
It will be another 4 months before Wisdom’s newest baby will fledge. Until then she and her mate Mr Goo have their work cut out avoiding those dangers and providing all the food that a growing chick requires.
Long may you flourish Wisdom and Mr Goo, and continue gracing the world with your beautiful offspring.
Please help Wisdom and all life in the oceans by signing and sharing these petitions – thank you!
The BBC’s comprehensive overview of the plastic pollution problem
Ten tips for living with less plastic
Cover pic credit: B. Peyton/USFWS Pacific Region | <urn:uuid:2043ed16-d0c8-4c5d-9169-87d19f0af7a5> | CC-MAIN-2019-04 | https://animalistauntamed.com/2018/03/10/67-year-old-mum-in-a-million-the-chick-is-hatched/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583657557.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20190116175238-20190116201238-00040.warc.gz | en | 0.933629 | 457 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Often the expression ohayou gozaimasu [おはようございます] translates as good morning, but is that really what it means? What if I say no?
Any dictionary you read will simply say that ohayou means good morning. In fact, we've even written an article that talks about greetings and good morning in japanese.
The word ohayou [おはよう] is actually derived from the adjective hayai [早い] which means early or fast. In this case, its origin comes early, for this reason it is usually translated as good morning.
The term originated in the Kabuki world, by the people who were arriving at the place and already meeting other people in the place. The term means something like "arrived early in".
It takes time for Kabuki actors to prepare, so they arrive and prepare long before the performance starts. The word means an early arrival.
In this case, this word began to be used in a general way in everyday life for anyone who meets for the first time in the day. So becoming good morning.
The term can be written with the character [お早う] but is usually found only in hiragana.
We've already written a full article talking about the meaning of Gozaimasu. such word derives from the vergo enjoyed a polished form of desu or verb to be.
Today is the day enjoy is used at the end of expressions in order to increase your strength, express humility and education. This is the formal way of saying good morning.
That is, usually Japanese people who know each other and have a certain intimacy usually use only the ohayou. gozaimasu is used only when you want to be more formal.
Ohayou can be used at Night
When consulting the jisho.org you find a short description in gray saying that ohayou can be used colloquially at any time of day.
That's right, despite the general term today being translated as good morning, its origin refers to the meeting of people in a workplace regardless of the time.
Its meaning "arrived early" does not specifically refer to the morning. For this reason, don't be surprised if you find people saying ohayou the night at the factory.
It is noteworthy that the word originated in the entertainment world in which the vast majority took place at night.
Ohayou in other dialects
Finally, let's leave a complete list of the word Ohayou in Japan's 48 regional dialects.
Responsive Table: Scroll the table to the side with your finger >> | <urn:uuid:60f2a03d-467b-4ed9-bc8c-67c9a50ba883> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://skdesu.com/en/what-really-means-ohayou-gozaimasu/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500368.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20230207004322-20230207034322-00600.warc.gz | en | 0.869517 | 1,252 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Extraction Site Preservation
Prior to the extraction of a tooth (due to periodontal disease, abscess, traumatic injury, fracture, or other cause of tooth loss) it is critical to preserve the bone at the site where the extraction is required. If not, the jawbone will degenerate following extraction. Preserving your jawbone is always the ideal treatment as compared to trying to repair a deficient jaw.
Using techniques of bone grafting discussed in earlier sections, we can preserve and grow new bone at the time of extraction for optimal function and esthetics, whether you choose to have dental implants or the placement of a fixed bridge.
Fractured Molar with Severe Infection
Extraction Site with Significant Bone Loss
Thee Months Post-op Guided Bone Regeneration
Successful Placement of Implant | <urn:uuid:add6ebb8-39e1-480d-95b6-08b56c4ffa97> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | https://topgumdocs.com/services-procedures/extraction-site-preservation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039743353.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20181117102757-20181117124757-00556.warc.gz | en | 0.879677 | 168 | 2.5625 | 3 |
- freely available
Information 2011, 2(2), 372-382; doi:10.3390/info2020372
Abstract: Currently, a Science of Information does not exist. What we have is Information Science that grew out of Library and Documentation Science with the help of Computer Science. The basic understanding of information in Information Science is the Shannon type of “information” at which numerous criticisms have been levelled so far. The task of an as-yet-to-be-developed Science of Information would be to study the feasibility of, and to advance, approaches toward a more general Theory of Information and toward a common concept of information. What scientific requirements need to be met when trying to develop a Science of Information? What are the aims of a Science of Information? What is the scope of a Science of Information? What tools should a Science of Information make use of? The present paper responds to these questions.
1. Science of Information–An Idea Whose Time Has Come
Currently, a Science of Information does not exist. What we have is Information Science. Information Science is commonly known as a field that grew out of Library and Documentation Science with the help of Computer Science: it deals with problems in the context of the so-called storage and retrieval of information in social organizations using different media, and it might run under the label of Informatics as well. A Science of Information, however, would be a discipline dealing with information processes in natural, social and technological systems and thus have a broader scope. This is how the term Information Science is understood by a community of academics from different fields of science, engineering, humanities and arts who have been gathering around a conference series, a mailing list and a website with the abbreviation “FIS” (Foundations of Information Science) for more than a decade.
Currently, no (Unified) Theory of Information is available. Information Theory exists: it is a branch of mathematics and engineering science inaugurated by Claude E. Shannon's paper “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” . That contribution dealt with the problem of keeping the signal-noise—ratio in communication transmission channels (hence the designation “channel” model) under control—a war-related problem. The entity that Shannon's formalism intended to measure soon came to signify “information”. A (Unified) Theory of Information would have to deliberate about whether to generalize a framework that specifically focuses on syntactic aspects and omits semantic ones, yet reaches out to fields that require reference to semantics. This has been precisely the brunt of many criticisms ever since. The result has been alternative theoretical approaches, none of which ever succeeded in being recognized by the overall scientific community as a more general Theory of Information that would, in fact, incorporate Shannonian Information Theory.
Numerous criticisms have been levelled at the Shannon type of “information”. One type of criticism has grown out of deliberations of single disciplines and points to particular problems. These problems mainly involve issues of how meaning enters the stage of information (a semantic question) and of how systems respond to information input (a pragmatic question).
Besides the attempts to complement the Shannon information concept from a particular point of view, there has been a search for a concept that can overcome the shortcomings by integrating the various aspects of information processes. The useful aspects, if any, of the Shannonian term should be included as a special case when extending the restricted information theory into a new, universal theory. Clearly, transdisciplinary undertakings that strive for the bigger picture tend to be affiliated to philosophy and cross-disciplines such as cybernetics, system theory, evolutionary theory.
All these transdisciplinary initiatives make an even stronger case for substantiating the apparently unsubstantiated use of the term “information” throughout sciences than earlier point-by-point criticisms. Combined, they form constituents of a huge melting pot of scientific exchange and dispute. They have helped heat up the debate to a point where a critical value seems to have been reached. This is equivalent to a chaos point: either the debate will cool down and things will remain as they were, or a leap in quality will emerge from the chaos and bring about change and new order.
Hence, a Science of Information is an idea whose time has come!
2. Aims, Scope and Tools of a Science of Information
The chaos point we have reached provides a window of opportunity for a paradigm shift. The task of an as-yet-to-be-developed Science of Information would be to study the feasibility of, and to advance, approaches toward a more general Theory of Information and toward a common concept of information while constantly being aware of a potential failure of the project.
What scientific requirements need to be met when trying to develop a Science of Information? In other words, what is, in scientific terms, required by a future Science of Information (see Doucette et al. )? To be ready for the paradigm shift, we must anticipate now what will be required in the future.
Three contexts—each having specific criteria—can be distinguished in terms of what makes science scientific:
a context of application in which scientific knowledge is used to solve problems and is transformed into technologies, whether material or ideational;
a context of justification in which scientific knowledge is critically exposed to possible refutations and corroborated in as far as it is not refuted, and theories are comparatively assessed;
a context of discovery in which scientific knowledge is conjectured and theoretical assumptions are formulated in relation to empirical findings.
The first context concerns the objective, the end, the aims for which the scientific endeavor is undertaken. It fulfils the task of solving a problem that arises from practice in society and it is practically guided by the aims.
The second context refers to the object of the inquiry; this is the starting point that determines the domain, the scope to be researched.
The third context is about objectivation, i.e., methods that help objectivate or, substantiate, the findings; these strategies are the means to transport the scientific enterprise from the starting point to its end. This context is the tools used.
Accordingly, each science can be described in terms of aims, scope, and tools.
A key assumption is that some relationship exists that connects aims, scope and tools: they build a three-levelled architecture with aims on top, scope at an intermediate position and tools at the bottom. Thus, despite a relative autonomy of each of the levels, aims define the possible scope (particular interests demand a particular section of reality to be selected for investigation), and the scope defines possible tools (not every method is appropriate to study a particular object). In reverse, specific tools determine the variety of the scope that is realized (the constitution of the object), and a particular scope determines the variety of possible aims to be served (the findings cannot be used for any practical guidance).
At each level, criteria apply that make scientific thinking distinct from (yet merely a thoroughly reflected continuation of) common sense:
In the aftermath of the Positivism debate in German sociology between the Frankfurt School type Critical Theory and positivist Critical Rationalism, philosophy of science considerations seem to have agreed that value-free science does not exist. Clearly, technology serves humane values. Technology assessment must take into account the interests of those affected by technology and examine whether or not their needs, as well as general interests, are met. The dispute is mostly about which values to prioritize. Such a dispute requires explicitly formulating the values implicit in scientific and technological developments.
Findings shall be anchored in theories which, preferably as universal implications, are statements describing general and necessary properties or general and necessary relations that cover the object of inquiry as a whole. As a rule, if a theory is challenged by a counterexample not obeying the law, another theory is sought to explain this phenomenon as well as all phenomena the old theory could explain. In times of normal science—to use the terminology Thomas S. Kuhn coined—no such need arises. Other times call for a scientific revolution (whose reach may differ according to the issues at hand) and for paradigms that compete with each other (which may range from different schools of thought within a subdiscipline to entirely contrasting world views).
Logically, no induction compellingly leads from concrete empirical grounds to theoretical generalizations. Nonetheless, many methods have been devised by different disciplines to support the creative construction of theories. The scientific debate revolves around immanent and transcendent criticisms of whether or not the methods applied are appropriate.
What are the aims of a Science of Information?
What is the scope of a Science of Information?
What tools should a Science of Information make use of?
The proposal here is to determine the three levels of a desired Science of Information ex negativo, that is, in comparison or contradistinction to the features characterizing the state-of-the-art of normal science that conducts information research. This is because they do not meet the needs of societal development today.
2.1. “Normal Science” Information Studies
On each science level, the current paradigm in information studies faces a pluralism that extends to a cleft between divergent tendencies. It is a cleft
between technocratic and ivory tower perspectives on information at the aims level,
between reifying and deconstructive perspectives on information at the scope level, and,
between reductionistic and projectivistic as well as disjunctivistic perspectives on information at the tools level.
2.1.1. Technocracy vs. Ivory Tower
There is a traditional distinction between applied sciences and basic sciences which–in a widely shared belief–is becoming increasingly blurred. The image of an engineer employed in a private lab and taking orders from his/her employer versus an academic merely satisfying his/her curiosity is old-fashioned and outdated. It is true that scientists enjoy a certain freedom of research within given financial, policy and other constraints. This, however, reflects the fact that research and development, starting in the late 1970s, have been streamlined world-wide according to neoliberal economic policies of liberalization, privatization, and deregulation. It is less a reflection of the general statement that science at any given time is part of society and thus responsive, be it directly or indirectly, to historically developing societal needs. This helps explain why, in developed/rich countries, many disciplines, especially in the humanities, are publicly stigmatized as being beautiful but useless and suffer cuts and total suspensions. Short-sighted economic interests have taken command in scientific affairs. Thus it still makes sense to distinguish between a business-driven development of science and technology and l'art pour l'art activities.
Accordingly, information concepts might either provide some foundation for applications of Information and Communication Technologies or be far detached from real-world problems.
Given the confines of economic profitability and competitiveness, the credo of technocracy is in force. Its credo: “realize everything that is feasible”. This falsely presupposes that everything feasible (again, assuming it is economically reasonable) is also desirable. Accordingly, a reflective, theoretical, deliberation of norms, values, morals would be superfluous or, at best, replaced by a posteriori, empirical inquiries about the acceptance of technology by users. This, however, detracts from considering more fundamental problems than those of profitability. The historically most striking example for an information concept in line with this tendency is the one developed in the context of a purely technological problem (arising from military concerns) in the Bell Laboratories after World War II: Shannon's channel concept.
Conceptualizations of information devoid of considerations about potential far-reaching impacts on society are prone to being subjected to dominating economic, political, military interests. This may ultimately also be true of conceptualizations not intended to serve any specific purpose but kept within the walls of the ivory tower. Although such cases resist subsumption under instrumental reason, they are nonetheless produced under determinate historical circumstances that may unwillingly instil certain inherent values. Anything imaginable may be influenced by the state-of-the-art of already produced imaginations. Complete refusal of applicability is unreasonable.
2.1.2. Reification vs. Deconstruction
Objects of theorizing and empirical investigation might be categorized as being a structure or being a process. Both categories can be viewed as being mutually exclusive and, together, exhausting the possible multitude.
Accordingly, information may be viewed as having the quality of a thing or of an event that occurs.
Screening current information concepts along this line reveals two such clusters of common perspectives.
The first cluster is composed of two sub-clusters.
A first sub-cluster of information concepts/theories consists of those that regard information as a given. This has been termed “potential” information or “structural” information. The structural sciences deal with that topic. They hold that matter is always in a certain shape, gestalt, or form, and this form is information (Bernd-Olaf Küppers is a prominent advocate of this position, which is espoused with the notion of “Strukturwissenschaften”—“Structural Sciences”—introduced in the 1970s by Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, ). This form is something fixed and is equivalent to a thing.
The second sub-cluster focuses on the transmission aspect. From that angle, information lies not in the structure but in that which is transmitted from a sender to a receiver via a channel (and might then be disturbed by noise). That is the classical view introduced by Shannon and is the forebear of all communication models . The transmission view of information does not see information as an event. Information is that which is carried by the signals through the channel. That which flows or floats here is sometimes referred to as “free” information. This “free” information is also something fixed, a thing that is carried.
Both sub-clusters hypostatize the phenomenon of information, they ontologize it in a specific way, they reify it.
Cluster number two–based on the sender–receiver–model, but extending and transcending it—focuses on what happens with, and within, the receiver. Information is ultimately not that which is transmitted—pursuant to this perspective—but that which is processed by the receiver or, more precisely, which is produced by the receiver. The receiver, by processes of decoding, attaches a meaning to the message and thereby produces “actual” information. This is the leitmotif of all developments in communication studies, in particular cultural studies, which strive to complement or depart from the channel model. The German sociologist Luhmann deconstructed the notion of information in his social systems theory [5,6]. According to him, information is by no means something lying around in the environment and waiting to be picked up. Accordingly, information cannot be transmitted either. Information is an event that occurs when expectations are frustrated and as a result of that difference another difference is triggered.
This information, being an event, is hard to get a hold on. The Austrian computer pioneer Heinz Zemanek, who was involved in introducing informatics—which he did not want to call “computer science”—at the tertiary education level in Austria, insisted on the social nature of information. This makes it impossible to quantify or measure .
Thus, information melts away as something fuzzy, intangible and inconceivable.
2.1.3. Reductionism vs. Projectivism and Disjunctivism
Reductionism, projectivism, and disjunctivism are different ways of conceiving the complexity of objects being investigated. They manifest themselves in the methodology of information studies.
Two different levels can be identified: the first is related to the philosophical foundation of the methodology used, the second is related to the disciplinary foundation of the methodology used.
The philosophical considerations underlying the methodology seek the essence of information, the nature of information, the substance which constitutes it. The question of what information is must be answered in relation to the essence, nature, and substance of matter.
The first answer is that information is a substance equivalent to matter. This substance is conceived of as something material, making information something material. Such an answer is material(istic) monism: everything is like matter and the same holds true for information. This is materialism. Materialism in that sense is reductionistic. Under the premise that information is more complex than matter, information is reduced to matter.
A second answer states that this substance is immaterial, making information something immaterial. This answer is immaterial (ideal, idealistic, ideational, informational) monism, idealism matter is also like mind (information). Varieties include Platonism and Radical Constructivism. This, under the same premise as before, is projectivistic because information is projected onto matter.
Another answer is that matter and information do not share the substance: they are essentially different in nature. Matter is material and information is not: this is the answer of dualism. Such an answer, again under the same premise as before, is disjunctivistic; it disjoins information from matter. This gives rise to yet another question: are these two substances inert and non-reactive to each other or do they interact and, if so, how then can one side of the duality affect the other side? How is it possible that matter influences mind (information)? How is it possible that mind (information) affects matter? Efforts in this direction include the Cartesian tradition (note that Descartes contended that the interaction between res cogitans and res extensa takes place in the pineal gland) and, more recently, John Eccles, who together with Karl Raimund Popper identified the synapses as the location where mind and brain interact .
The branch-specific considerations underlying the methodology relate to the gap between the natural and the engineering sciences (including formal sciences) on the one hand and the arts and humanities (including the social sciences) on the other hand. This dates back to the 17th century and to philosophers such as, again, René Descartes. The gap between the two branches in science reached its peak in the late 19th century with the works of Neo-Kantian philosophers, scientists, and literary intellectuals such as Wilhelm Windelband and Heinrich Rickert. Wilhelm Windelband , for example, introduced the disjunction between “nomothetic” (meaning: positing laws) and “ideographic” (meaning: describing events): these would remain, existing alongside one another, as the final, incommensurable forms of our notions about the world. Today this cleft is known as C. P. Snow's dilemma of the two cultures, which he bemoaned in 1959 and 1963 . Although John Brockman, an author from the USA, foresees the emergence of a third culture “founded on the realization of the import of complexity, of evolution” , this is by no means mainstream. The cleft is characterized by the preponderance of either the analytical method or phenomenological and hermeneutic methods, of so-called third-person science versus first-person science, of an externalist versus an internalist view: each characterizes one or the other tendency. The same holds true for the information concepts.
The first approach is, methodologically, reductionistic. It reduces different qualities of the phenomena under investigation to one and the same quality, typically the quality which is the simplest.
The second approach is characterized by a humanistic rationality which is ignorant of the field of science and technology. Methodologically, there are two possibilities. The first projects a particular quality (typically the most complex one) onto phenomena which lack this quality, and then purports to discover them there. Properties of information in nonhuman domains are usually extrapolated from properties of information in the human domain (anthropo(socio)morphism). The second gives up the attempt at a subsuming, though unifying, solution and argues instead in favor of a lack of comparability of the given phenomena in nature and society. In this dichotomizing, disjunctive view, information is exclusively ascribed to the human domain. Going even further, it may exclusively be ascribed to particular incidences within the human domain.
2.2. A Science of Information Paradigm
Accordingly, information studies appear to have already passed the normal science phase and to have entered a critical phase. This is because, at each level—be it aims, scope or tools—a possible position is countered by a possible counter position. Precisely these discrepancies form an obstacle to unification. Progress in the direction of a Science of Information implies efforts to overcome these divides.
Those efforts should help take up what is important while discarding the one-sidedness of any particular theory in the field. The search for integration potentials between different theories should do justice to their input and at the same time reflect caveats concerning possible blind spots.
2.2.1. Ensuring Futurability
Concerning the opposition of applied science and basic science, Pasteur's Quadrant offers a solution. Donald Stokes produced a 4 times 4 matrix with the “Quest for fundamental understanding?” as one dimension and “Consideration of use?” as the second one, with yes and no answers for each. For him, Thomas Alva Edison is the role model for pure applied research, Niels Bohr the model for pure basic research: Louis Pasteur, however, is paradigmatic for a new way of doing science, namely “use-inspired basic research”.
A Science of Information certainly belongs to Pasteur's Quadrant and must be open to practical aspects if it is to successfully support the search for a fundamental understanding of information. Success, however, must not be understood in a restricted economic, political, military or technological sense. What is needed is openness in considering the great challenges facing humanity today and prioritizing values accordingly. The raison d'etre of a Science of Information is to provide society with a means of enhancing its problem-solving capacity vis-à-vis these challenges, to provide society with a future, to make it futurable.
The underlying problems consist of frictions in the functioning of society, environment and technology. Problem-solving activities seek information applications that reduce the frictions. Accordingly, a Science of Information would be the safeguard against the loss of control, it would guarantee the stabilization of development and the maintenance of society. In this sense, it is destined to become a, if not the, science for the information society.
The vision of a “good society” must serve as a point of departure . In this sense, a Science of Information is normative. Technological applications are to be closely reviewed, and the question is: are they apt to serve the purpose of a good society?
The design process must start by identifying a societal problem and then proceed with the search for appropriate applications (and not vice versa, as is done under technocratic premises). In that context, a Science of Information implies a transcendence from the scientists to the stakeholders and those affected by the results of research. It implies a transformation into a new science that is human-centered, democratic, participatory, such as Helga Nowotny's “Mode-2” science .
2.2.2. Catching the Ephemeral
A future Science of Information is not merely normative. It also does justice to the factual. In evaluating the potential that selects the desired, it also accounts for the potential that is given with the actual. Accordingly, it is clear that the domain of this Science of Information encompasses anything that promotes or stalls a good society. It identifies the frictions that cause malfunctions in society, environment and technology. And it seeks potentials of ephemeralization.
Importantly, society has used the informational revolution to, theoretically, boost its potential to reduce frictions wherever they appear. This reflects the ongoing information processes between all parts of society, environment and technology. What is missing is a science to guide investigations into these frictions. Thus each real-world system—whether social, natural, or artificial—is involved in information processes. This calls for theorizing about and dealing with such systems in order to master those information processes that may help downsize the frictions causing the global challenges.
To understand these phenomena, information must be understood as both structure and process, i.e., as a “structuration process” in which processes produce structures that, in turn, structure the processes, that is, function as both constraints and enablers for the continuation of the processes. In fact, frictions in the information processes depend on the very relationship of constraining and enabling.
Information can be viewed as something overarching the whole bandwidth of different and diverse structuration processes in our universe and manifesting itself in a variety of phenomena.
2.2.3. Taking the Blind Men's Perspective
The investigation must comprise the wide range of matter pointed out above. Thus, a Science of Information cannot, with reference to the tools, afford to neglect any potentially fruitful and elucidating methodological approaches. Likewise it must not fail in putting the puzzle of findings together and in synthesizing the manifold analyses. This would help transcend the borders of disciplines and strive for the unity of science based on a unifying approach, without subjecting any thinking to uniformity.
Transdisciplinarity defines concepts that go beyond the meaning of multi- and even interdisciplinarity. Multidisciplinarity means the unrelated coexistence of monodisciplinary accounts, and interdisciplinarity means the casual establishment of relations between monodisciplines without feedback loops that lastingly impact their repertoire of methods and concepts. Transdisciplinarity, in contrast, comes into play when each discipline is engaged in the collaborative undertaking of constructing a common foundation of methods and concepts, of which its own methods and concepts can be understood as a type of instantiation. Transdisciplinarity does not mean abolishing disciplinary knowledge, but grasping for a bigger picture. Methods used in different approaches may cooperate when viewed as methods of subdomains of the new Science of Information–from the science of the information society to the philosophy of science, which are linked via different levels of abstraction including social and human sciences, engineering, natural and formal sciences, and cross-disciplines such as systems theory.
But how can the divide between materialist and idealist monism and idealist dualism, and the divide between the two cultures, be successfully bridged? The answer is like in the story of the elephant and the blind men (or the men in a dark room), each of whom touches a different part of the elephant and mistakes the part for the whole . Accordingly, none of the various existing information concepts/theories should take its perspective as being absolute but, rather, as being complementary to the other perspectives.
This calls for a way of thinking that goes beyond reductionism, projectivism, disjunctivism. What is needed is “unitas multiplex”, as the French philosopher and sociologist Edgar Morin calls it : “It means understanding disjunctive, reductive thought by exercising thought that distinguishes and connects. It does not mean giving up knowledge of the parts for knowledge of the whole, or giving up analysis for synthesis, it means conjugating them. This is the challenge of complexity which ineluctably confronts us as our planetary era advances and evolves.”
This is the integrative way of thinking that a Science of Information will need to incorporate.
This paper discussed scientific requirements that need to be met when trying to develop a Science of Information. This development signifies a scientific revolution. Taking up the philosophy-of-science differentiation of aims, scope and tools, information studies in the phase of normal science are characterized by three clefts: one cleft between technocratic and ivory tower perspectives, another cleft between reifying and deconstructive perspectives, and a third cleft between reductionistic and projectivistic as well as disjunctivistic perspectives.
A Science of Information implies efforts to overcome these divides. On the aims level, it sets out to be a science for the information society which means that it must be use-inspired, though basic research: It aims to enhance society's problem-solving capacity when confronted with challenges that threaten to terminate civilized life on planet Earth. This normative touch has implications for the scope and tools levels. On the scope level, a Science of Information focuses on those information processes that may help downsize the frictions causing the global challenges: it is a science about the information society that is made up of different kinds of information-generating systems. And on the tools level, a Science of Information is a transdiscipline that integrates different methods to do justice to the interplay of different systems: this integration is carried out by virtue of the information society that instigates complex thinking so as to make a Science of Information a science by virtue of the information society.
Contributions on either level are required to help bring about the paradigm shift to the new Science of Information.
- Shannon, C.E. A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst. Tech. J. 1948, 27. [Google Scholar]
- Doucette, D.; Hofkirchner, W.; Bichler, R.; Raffl, C. Toward a new science of information. Data Sci. J. 2007, 6, S198–S205. [Google Scholar]
- Kuhn, T.S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions; University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, USA, 1962. [Google Scholar]
- Küppers, B.O. Die Strukturwissenschaften als Bindeglied zwischen Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften. In Die Einheit der Wirklichkeit; Küppers, B.O., Ed.; Wilhelm Fink: München, Germany, 2000; pp. 89–105. [Google Scholar]
- Luhmann, N. Soziologische Aufklärung; Westdeutscher Verlag: Opladen, Germany, 1981. [Google Scholar]
- Luhmann, N. Soziale Systeme; Suhrkamp: Frankfurt, Germany, 1984. [Google Scholar]
- Zemanek, H. Informationsverarbeitung und die Geisteswissenschaften. Anzeiger der phil.-hist. Klasse der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1988, 124, 199–225. [Google Scholar]
- Popper, K.R.; Eccles, J.C. The Self and Its Brain; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 1977. [Google Scholar]
- Windelband, W. Rede zum Antritt des Rektorats der Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität-Straßburg, gehalten am 1. Mai 1894. Geschichte und Naturwissenschaft, Available online: http://www.fh-augsburg.de/∼harsch/germanica/Chronologie/19Jh/Windelband/win_rede.html (accessed on 8 March 2008).
- Snow, C.P. The Two Cultures. A Second Look; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 1998. [Google Scholar]
- Brockman, J. The Third Culture. Beyond the Scientific Revolution; Simon and Schuster: New York, NY, USA, 1995; pp. 20–21. [Google Scholar]
- Stokes, D. Pasteur's Quadrant. Basic Science and Technological Innovation; Brookings Institution: Washington, DC, USA, 1997. [Google Scholar]
- Hofkirchner, W. ICTs for a Good Society. In Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings, Theory and Framework, Honoring Gunilla Bradley; Eriksson, D., Mirijamdotter, A., Eds.; Information Science Reference, Hershey: New York, NY, USA, 2011; pp. 434–443. [Google Scholar]
- Gibbons, M.; Nowotny, H. The Potential of Transdisciplinarity. In Transdisciplinarity: Joint Problem Solving among Science, Technology, and Society, an Effective Way for Managing Complexity; Thompson Klein, J., Grossenbacher-Mansuy, W., Häberli, R., Bill, A., Scholz, R.W., Welti, M., Eds.; Birkhäuser: Basel Switzerland, 2001. [Google Scholar]
- Giddens, A. The Constitution of Society, Outline of the Theory of Structuration; Polity Press: Cambridge, UK, 1984. [Google Scholar]
- Blind Men and an Elephant, Available online: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_Men_and_an_Elephant (accessed on 8 March 2008).
- Morin, E. Seven Complex Lessons in Education for the Future; UNESCO: Paris, France, 1999. [Google Scholar]
© 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). | <urn:uuid:4330c27a-5cbb-4a0e-9a79-365a883bed09> | CC-MAIN-2016-30 | http://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/2/2/372/htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-30/segments/1469257823996.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20160723071023-00160-ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908681 | 6,983 | 2.75 | 3 |
This book is built around the premise that sometimes when we want to define something that is abstract, we can’t always find just one definition that gives us a true understanding. Instead, sometimes it’s an experience or the journey to understand the abstract that gives us a better idea of what it is. The concept of the book is a great way to help children (and let’s be honest many young adults) understand the complexities of abstract concepts.
The child in this book is wanting to know the color of the wind. He travels around asking different people and objects what color is the wind. Of course, there’s a different answer from each person he asks. This frustrates him until an adult explains to him that the wind can be all these colors; that the sum of all these colors IS the color of the wind.
Children tend to see the world as very binary. I think this book is a good challenge for a child’s way of thinking in that it gets to see that many things in life are complicated and have many nuances. Sometimes the sum of its parts is what defines something.
I also think this is a great book for adolescents and adults in that it reminds them/us that even when we think we’ve figured out a concept like love and acceptance, there may be more to learn and maybe what we understand now isn’t the “true” understanding.
Along with the great message, there’s beautiful artwork that is fun to appreciate while you’re reading the book. | <urn:uuid:cc67dc52-04e4-40d7-829b-eca1531ff60e> | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | https://cannonballread.com/2018/11/a-poet-personification-of-the-wind/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912205163.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20190326115319-20190326141319-00157.warc.gz | en | 0.962336 | 319 | 2.828125 | 3 |
[...] Bassianus (died 316) was a Roman senator and a member of the Constantinian dynasty.
In 315 Constantine I went to Italy, where Bassianus was to be married to his half-sister Anastasia. The marriage never took place. The choice of Bassianus is probably to be understood in light of the fact that Bassianus' brother, Senecio, was a high official (probably dux limitis) in service of Licinius, Constantine's colleague in the East, and thus this marriage strengthened the bond between the two augusti.
The next year, in 316, Constantine sent his half-brother Julius Constantius, to Licinius at Sirmium, with the proposal of elevating Bassianus to the rank of caesar and with power over Italy. Licinius refused to acknowledge the appointment; furthermore, he told Senecio to contact his brother and have him kill Constantine, take arms and conquer Italy for Licinius. The conspiracy was discovered and Bassianus arrested and put to death. Constantine asked Licinius to hand him Senecio, but Licinius refused and overthrew his colleague's statues at Emona, on the border between the two spheres of influence; these events led to the outbreak of hostilities between Constantine and Licinius, an episode of civil war known as the bellum Cibalense.
- Odahl, p. 144.
- According to Eusebius of Caesarea (Vita Constantini, 1.47.1), Constantine discovered the assassination plot thanks to a vision sent by God.
- François Chausson, Stemmata aurea: Constantin, Justine, Théodose, L'erma di Bretschenider, 2007, ISBN 88-8265-393-5, p. 127-129.
- Origo Constantini, 5,14–15.
- Eusebius of Caesarea, Vita Constantini, 1.47.1
- Zosimus, Historia nea, II.18–20. | <urn:uuid:70f15c8b-fc2f-42e6-bc49-53fcfa938992> | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bassianus_(senator) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-40/segments/1443737833893.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20151001221713-00161-ip-10-137-6-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925454 | 437 | 2.890625 | 3 |
China may soon be the third country with a crewed space program. Industry experts believe that the Chinese--thanks to new plans to collaborate with cash-strapped Russian space scientists--will be able to send their first cosmonauts into space by the turn of the century.
According to recent reports in the Russian news media, the Chinese are seeking help from the Russian Space Agency (RKA) to kick-start a national crewed space-flight program. Last October, eight to 10 Chinese cosmonauts arrived at Star City, Russia's space-training center outside Moscow, says Phillip Clark, editor of Jane's Space Directory, an annual report on the industry. "Officially, nothing was announced," he says. However, Clark says, it appears that two cosmonauts are training for an 8-day Soyuz mission to the space station Mir in 1998, while the rest are getting training geared toward China's own program.
The Russia connection is China's latest attempt to revive its struggling 15-year-old crewed program, says John Pike, space policy director at the Federation of American Scientists. China's heavy-duty "Long March" rockets have blown up several times, and the Chinese have been tight-lipped "in accounting for what went wrong," Pike says. However, industry experts predict that Chinese technical advances--coupled with Russian expertise--will help to rapidly clear up the Long March's service record, enabling the first crewed flights around the year 2000.
Cash seems to be the main force driving the Russian participation. "When the Chinese fly to Mir, they will pay for the privilege," says Clark. RKA Director-General Yuri Koptev told the Russian news service Novosti that the two countries plan to ink contracts early next year for a joint Mir mission. | <urn:uuid:c6030cb7-ab68-440d-b3a5-dd169f98f473> | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | http://www.sciencemag.org/news/1996/12/russia-aid-chinas-crewed-space-effort | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257651481.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20180325005509-20180325025509-00148.warc.gz | en | 0.961919 | 367 | 2.703125 | 3 |
View Full Version : Tangent Vector
08-27-2002, 09:53 AM
Hi guys! I'm trying to use Lighting in OpenGL, and I'm having some problems.
The problem is glNormal3f.
I've read about this on the Internet, and found that I need to find the Normal Vector and the Tangent vector of two vectors. I know how to find the Normal Vector, but I don't know how to find the Tangent vector.
08-27-2002, 10:03 AM
well, i think you read about perpixellighting stuff, and you want to try that?
search on this forum for tangentspace, texturespace, and generation of it. search as well on flipcode..
i remember i've read this topic about a week ago, eighter here, or there..
for the rest, check demo codes from nvidia and ati..
08-27-2002, 10:12 AM
I'll try it!
08-27-2002, 03:26 PM
Ok it sounds like to me that you are trying to do perpixel lighting since you say you need the tangent vector. If so then you will also need the binormal. What you need to do to find these vectors is first for each poly, setup three plane equations like so:
Ax + Bu + Cv + D = 0
Ay + Bu + Cv + D = 0
Az + Bu + Cv + D = 0
Ok now I hope you know how to do partial derivatives because that is needed for this. http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/smile.gif Ok to find the tangent vector you need to find du/dx, du/dy and du/dz. The binormal is computed by finding dv/dx, dv/dy and dv/dz. While the 'texture space' normal can be computed by crossing these vectors. Example, the x component of the normal will be computed by (du/dx)X(dv/dx), where X means cross product here. Do that for the y and z components. The tangent space matrix is setup as:
|dudx dvdx tnx|
|dudy dvdy tny|
|dudz dvdz tnz|
So then your tangent space light vector will be found by: tsl = (TSM)(lvec), where TSM is the matrix above and lvec is the surface to light vector.
Ok there is my intro to all this stuff, reading the docs on this subject would be very good to do. Any specific questions can be asked here and I or someone else (if they beat me to it http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/wink.gif) will help in any way possible.
Oh BTW, if you dont know how to compute the partial derivatives that you need i'll be glad to compute them for you for you to use. It's pretty simple.
[This message has been edited by SirKnight (edited 08-27-2002).]
Powered by vBulletin® Version 4.2.2 Copyright © 2015 vBulletin Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:f0985a39-af86-4463-a08b-ad1f68ce84ba> | CC-MAIN-2015-22 | https://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/archive/index.php/t-148499.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207928586.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113208-00006-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89176 | 695 | 2.59375 | 3 |
When Andre Lotterer took the checkered flag at this year’s Le Mans 24 race, the German motorsport driver made history.
Not content with powering Audi to its 11th win in the grueling endurance race, his car also became the first “hybrid” to take the top position at Circuit de la Sarthe. But what is perhaps even more remarkable is that his diesel hybrid car draws on a technology more often associated with 19th Century machinery than racing cars.
Inside his 200mph (320km/h) V6 racer was a device known as a flywheel, a rotating mechanical device, traditionally used to store energy from steam engines. They can be thought of as a mechanical battery. In their simplest form, they are just a heavy disc mounted on a shaft that store rotational energy. Spin the disc up, and it gains momentum and keeps spinning. Couple the spinning disc to something, say the powertrain of a Le Mans sports car, and it can be used for a quick energy kick.
“Under acceleration it is able to deliver that energy back to wheels and give an acceleration boost that ideally you use at the beginning of a straight or as you come out of a corner to reduce the lap time,” says David Greenwood, head of hybrid and electric systems product group, at engineering firm Ricardo UK, who was not involved in the Audi system.
Coupled with their ability to reduce fuel consumption, flywheels are making a comeback. Now, they are being incorporated into everything from Formula 1 cars to city buses. And in a few years, they could be in your new saloon.
Today, the most common type of hybrid system is a petrol or diesel engine paired with one or more electric motors or generators, along with a battery pack. When the vehicle coasts or when the driver brakes, a generator charges the cells. When the driver accelerates the same generator is run in reverse as an electric motor, and helps propel the vehicle forwards.
But battery packs are big, heavy, expensive and have a “low power density”, meaning they store little power compared to the space they take up. Traditionally flywheels have also been big and bulky, but new materials mean they can be made smaller, able to spin faster. Crucially, they also have a high power density making them ideal for lightweight vehicles from passenger cars to track-bound speed machines.
In a vehicle, the flywheel is used to store energy when coasting or braking, by spinning the disc to ever faster speeds. When power is needed, a gearbox helps transfer it from the disc to the drive wheels. Unlike a battery-electric hybrid, the energy captured doesn’t have to be converted from mechanical to electrical, and then to chemical. It is stored as mechanical energy, and fewer conversions means fewer losses.
The system used in Lotterer’s Audi was at the cutting edge of today’s flywheel designs. It was part of a so-called kinetic energy recovery system (Kers), designed by the Formula 1 team Williams. It is made of high-tech carbon composites and has no physical connection between the wheel and the power trains it drives – instead relying on an electrical connection. It is charged when the car brakes.
The technology was first developed by Williams for the 2009 Formula 1 season when Kers was first allowed. However, the Although it is still allowed, and used in some cars, many teams don’t use it – preferring to use well understood battery alternatives.
In the meantime, Williams and other firms have set up divisions to push the technology towards more mainstream use. Greenwood’s firm, for example, has built one that uses a carbon fibre disk about 30cm in diameter. It spins at up to 60,000rpm, meaning the edge of the disc is moving at about Mach 3, or three times the speed of sound.
“Clearly to do that we have to run the flywheel in a vacuum, or the air friction that we would get on the outside of the flywheel would cause very high energy loss,” says Greenwood. “It would also heat up the composite to the point at which it would disintegrate.”
To maintain the vacuum the flywheel is in a sealed chamber, and a magnetic coupling is used.
“We take all of the drive out with a set of magnets which sit on the outside of the flywheel casing, and because of the clever way that we have arranged the magnets you get a gear ratio between the two,” he says.
“That means that although everything is rotating very fast inside the vacuum chamber, everything outside is rotating at relatively normal speeds.”
That reduces any drag and air resistance. And because the flywheel is rotating so fast, the engineers do not need very much torque to get a very high power from it, which reduces the strain on the magnetic coupling.
One of the first mass uses of fly wheels might be the “Flybus” – not, as the name would suggest, an airport shuttle - but a bus fitted with a flywheel. Buses have a long history of using flywheels stretching back to the 1940s when Swiss firm Oerlikon introduced the Gyrobus. But early designs needed fixed charging points at bus stops and junctions to give the flywheel a boost. But, like with cars, the ability to recover energy from the braking process means they are now more viable. And because their routes are by design stop-start, energy recovery could improve fuel consumption.
“It’s a technology which lends itself very well to working at very high power, but not needing to store energy for a very long time,” says Greenwood.
It is a sector that Williams also has its eye on with its GyroDrive technology. It claims that a flywheel – either retrofitted or built in to a new bus – could save up to 30% of fuel, along with associated CO2. The firm also envisages the system being used to power onboard lights and electrical systems.
And once it has proven itself to be safe, reliable, cheap, and effective, the technology may then begin to trickle down into other use. Experts currently believe it is about five years until flywheel technology being incorporated into passenger cars. When it is, it could offer an improvement in fuel consumption of 12-15%, for about half the price of a conventional hybrid, not to mention the performance gains that are so attractive to motorsports teams.
From racetracks to roads, it seems everyone could benefit from reinventing the wheel. | <urn:uuid:41fc3ec3-2a17-41db-822b-fc809b89dd08> | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20120629-reinventing-the-wheel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-49/segments/1416931009084.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20141125155649-00191-ip-10-235-23-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969443 | 1,365 | 3.140625 | 3 |
In order to survive long enough to reproduce, many of Britain’s small freshwater fish have adopted a variety of strategies to avoid being eaten by such predators as pike. The best option open to them is to be cunning because their swimming speed is restricted by their size.
The dark bars on the perch’s body serve as camouflage, enabling it to hide among weed stems when it is hunting or being hunted.
By constantly moving forward and within the shoal itself, fish like these young perch confuse the predators that try to target a particular individual.The strong spines that make up the dorsal fin on species like this ruffe prove a useful deterrent when predators such as small pike, perch or catfish try to swallow it. By erecting its prickly pins it can make itself rather too big a mouthful for some fish to cope with. Fish such as these minnows swim in shoals to ensure safety in numbers. The more fish in the shoal, the more eyes, ‘ears’ and nostrils there are to sense any danger. Shoaling also greatly reduces the odds of an individual fish being caught.
One of the most obvious devices is the possession of strong spines. When approached by a predator the fish erects its spines and makes itself inedible, or at least difficult to catch.
The three-spined stickleback – with its strong dorsal and pelvic spines – is a classic example. Experiments with small pike have shown that a captured stickleback Often avoids being swallowed by locking its spines into an outward pointing position.
While this works as a defence against small pike, it is not very effective when it comes to large pike or otters — which don’t mind chomping them up spines and all.
Crafty kingfishers have also found a way around this prickly customer – with a few licks of the head they knock the spines off ay bashing the fish against a branch.
Camouflage and shoaling
The perch also deters predators with its quite formidable spines, but its additional defences are far more subtle and effective. Its camouflage colouring — broad vertical bars along its olive green body – enables it to hide among the straight stems of water plants like reed mace or rushes.
The life-style of other species, such as the bleak, dace and roach, also plays an important role in their defence. When young, these fish form shoals numbering as many as two hundred, which means for a small fish, living near the surface, there are many more ‘ears’ and nostrils alert to danger.
Most predators select a single fish to attack, often aiming for its conspicuous eyes. The presence of other fish of the same size close by makes aiming difficult.
Most fish, mainly those that live in open water, are dark coloured on the back and white or silvery on the belly. This is known as counter shading. It makes the fish less visible to predators whether they are in the air or deeper in the water below.
The fish’s silvery white belly merges with the light sky and the water’s surface – when seen from below it appears white and is hard to identify. The dark back seen from above — by a heron perhaps — merges with the murky bottom of the river bed.
Fish that live near the river bed also use their colouring to remain inconspicuous. The greenish-brown colour of the tench and the dark brown of the bream are good ways of staying unseen against a dark muddy background. Both species also burrow right into soft mud.
Despite the great variety of methods used by these fish to avoid capture, no prey fish species has managed to upset the balance of nature and develop a perfect defence strategy. This is a somewhat reassuring thought when you consider what the alternative is likely to be… waters full of minnows and nothing else. fish is kept off the bottom and away from the weed. Once coaxed into open water and away from trouble, it is played out under the rod. | <urn:uuid:c69bd65c-af63-4080-aebe-d2914cca625c> | CC-MAIN-2019-51 | http://angling-guru.info/fish-on-the-defensive | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540481076.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20191205141605-20191205165605-00412.warc.gz | en | 0.962741 | 850 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Why Uganda is a model for dealing with refugees
Uganda’s population of some 500,000 refugees can work, vote and start businesses
THIS week French authorities began clearing the “jungle”, a refugee camp in Calais that has become symbolic of the failures of Europe’s policies towards asylum-seekers and other migrants. In Calais as in much of the West, and indeed in most of the world, refugees have few rights and face hostility from locals. Refugees in Turkey and Lebanon, respectively host to the world’s largest and third-largest such populations, face severe restrictions on employment, education and healthcare. In Kenya and Ethiopia—both of which host hundreds of thousands of refugees—national laws curb free movement, confining most to designated camps. Yet in this bleak global context, Uganda stands out. Why?
Uganda’s refugee policy has been lauded by the World Bank, Oxford Refugee Studies Centre, the UN's refugee commission and othersas one of the most generous anywhere. It is home to more than half a million refugees from neighbouring countries, including the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi and South Sudan. Since 2006 they have been granted freedom of movement (subject to limited restrictions), employment rights and equal access to services such as healthcare and education. Refugees can vote and stand for office at the local level. Some property rights are guaranteed: they can own movable property, such as cars and machinery. All refugees are granted a plot of land to cultivate. They are also able to lease other land and start businesses. It is a sharp contrast with neighbouring Kenya, where refugees who have been granted asylum cannot work without paying costly fees for short-term work permits.
The Ugandan approach has numerous benefits. Farming, running businesses and trading with local residents discourages dependency, reducing the need for handouts. Only 1% of refugees in Uganda are entirely dependent on aid. Freedom of movement means refugees are not warehoused for indefinite periods; refugees have a considerable degree of dignity and independence. And host communities benefit too. Trade between the two groups has flourished. Relations between refugees and local residents are generally peaceful. Intermarriages have been reported.
Other countries are beginning to follow the Ugandan example. Ethiopia promises to grant employment rights soon. In Kalobeyei, in north-west Kenya, thelocalgovernment is considering granting refugees small plots of land and allowing them to sell their produce. But in many countries politics may scupper progress. Uganda has a relatively low unemployment rate for the region: allowing refugees to enter the labour market may be trickier in other countries, especially in those where youth unemployment is high. Lifting restrictions on freedom of movement is also likely to be met with hostility elsewhere. Policies which appear generous to refugees do not win many votes in the West. And Uganda, too, has some way to go: refugees and their children cannot attain full citizenship, meaning a long-term solution for those in its settlements remains out of reach.
Evidence of lockdown revelry puts the prime minister’s position at risk
Price-change measures tend to better reflect the spending habits of the rich
Joe Biden’s aides rush to clarify his apparent disavowals | <urn:uuid:f4e83210-bb78-41e0-bc30-750db8c924ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2016/10/25/why-uganda-is-a-model-for-dealing-with-refugees | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662573053.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524142617-20220524172617-00112.warc.gz | en | 0.957432 | 660 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Past Continuous - Grammar & Listening
To provide clarification and practice of past continuous tense in the context of first meetings.
To provide gist, specific information and detailed listening practice using a text about first meetings in the context of relationships.
Procedure (33-45 minutes)
I will draw two people and a plane on the board. T: What can you see in the picture? Students will answer. I will refer students to say friends or best friends and a plane. Then I will say; I would like to tell you about the day I met my best friend. I was traveling back from London and we met on a plane. Then I'll ask Ss in pairs to ask each other below questions; How did you meet your best friend? What were you doing when you met your best friend? I will ask SS to change pairs. I will end the warm up .
I will provide students to read the very short text. I will give them 2 questions and I will ask them to find the answers. I will also try to review past simple as it will be used with the past continuous.
I'll Draw a stick man on the board and call him Temel. then I'll Draw a horizontal line on the WB and put a vertical line part way along it. I will write TV and times: I'll say, Tell me about Temel last night. I will use eliciting, He watched TV at 10 O’clock. then I will ask, What time did he start to watch TV? (10 o’clock) then I will ask, so He watched TV at 10 o’clock means he started to watch at 10? (Yes) Ask, What time did he stop watching the TV? Do we know? We don’t know. I'll use ICQ I'll say, Tell me about Temel and 10.15. Students probably will say that he watched TV at 10:15. I will say, But He watched means he started to watch. Did he start to watch at 10:15? (No) Then I will say, he was watching TV at 10:15. I'll ask, When did he start to watch TV?
Ss will do the exercise 1. Firstly I will give them clear instructions. Look at the photos tell me where were the people? In pairs, match the sentences with the pictures.I will monitor them while doing the exercises.Then I will ask them to listen and check the answers.
I will ask students to answer the questions for 2 a-b. I will ask them to check the answers in pairs. I will write the answers on the board them to check. Students will continue with listening activity first. Then I will ask students to complete exercise 4 a-b in groups. I will ask them to discuss the answers. I will ask them to listen to the answers and check it.
I will ask students to speak with each other about specific times. Such as how was their day yesterday or what they were doing last summer. | <urn:uuid:501a8b14-9ccd-4d6f-8b49-a292b831c060> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.englishlessonplanner.com/plans/23073 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178373241.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305183324-20210305213324-00443.warc.gz | en | 0.970374 | 622 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Paths to a Middle Ground
The Diplomacy of Natchez, Boukfouka, Nogales, and San Fernando de las Barrancas, 1791-1795
Publication Year: 2010
Weeks shows how diplomatic relations were established and maintained in the Gulf South between Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Cherokee chiefs and their Spanish counterparts aided by traders who had become integrated into Indian societies. He explains that despite the absence of a European state system, Indian groups had diplomatic skills that Europeans could understand: full-scale councils or congresses accompanied by elaborate protocol, interpreters, and eloquent metaphorical language.
Paths to a Middle Ground is both a narrative and primary documents. Key documents from Spanish archival sources serve as a basis for the examination of the political culture and imperial rivalry playing out in North America in the waning years of the 18th century.
Published by: The University of Alabama Press
Download PDF (48.2 KB)
Download PDF (44.6 KB)
Maps and Diagrams
Download PDF (33.5 KB)
Download PDF (44.2 KB)
This book represents a blend of older borderland histories, which emphasize the role of the Spanish during the sixteenth through the early nineteenth centuries in the broad area stretching from California to Florida, and more recent work that portrays the same region as one of encounter among its most numerous peoples, Native Americans...
Introduction: An Argument
Download PDF (92.7 KB)
Piomingo, the astute and able Chickasaw chief, when invited by the Spanish to participate in a major assembly in 1793 with other Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Cherokees, responded by saying he would follow a “straight path” to Nogales, the site chosen for the meeting.1 In using the word path, Piomingo invoked perhaps the most common symbol...
Download PDF (14.2 KB)
1. Initial and Sustained Contacts in the Gulf South: From Violence to Diplomacy
Download PDF (85.2 KB)
Sixteenth-century Native American and European encounters in the Gulf South contrast markedly with those of the eighteenth. Beginning with the arrival of a number of Spanish expeditions from islands in the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, there was little of a diplomatic nature about them: they were ephemeral, often violent, and certainly disruptive...
2. Forging Diplomatic Paths: Native Participants
Download PDF (85.2 KB)
By the end of the eighteenth century, Indians and newcomers had encountered one another and mixed in a variety of ways. Europeans competing with each other sought Indian allies, and this political objective blended with an active trade involving the exchange of deerskins and pelts for a variety of European goods. An ability to provide goods...
3. Forging Diplomatic Paths: Emergence of a Culture of Diplomacy
Download PDF (168.3 KB)
Sustained contacts between natives and Europeans in the eighteenth century brought about change for all and gave added meaning to the phrase new world.1 In the course of this change, a diplomatic culture emerged that reflected many of these changes and no doubt encouraged them. While it incorporated elements of what the new people brought...
Download PDF (14.4 KB)
4. The Nogales Dispute, 1791–1792: Some Immediate Antecedents
Download PDF (212.1 KB)
In the years following the American Revolution, local Spanish officials endeavored to find common ground with Indian elites and local traders in an effort to check what all increasingly saw as challenges coming from the United States. Responding to overtures from the Creek chief Alexander McGillivray, these officials held the 1784 congresses...
5. Diplomacy of the Nogales Dispute, 1791–1792
Download PDF (156.4 KB)
Given his experience with Choctaw visitors during the April visit to Nogales, Gayoso no doubt received Franchimastabé’s letter—bearing also the name of Taboca—with some surprise shortly after his return to Natchez. One might speculate that had the two chiefs been with Itelegana and Panto Tistabe and the other Choctaws at Nogales...
6. Paths to Boukfouka and the Tombigbee,1792–1793
Download PDF (232.8 KB)
Gayoso portrayed the Natchez assembly and treaty as a success in concluding a process to foil the American settlement at Nogales and secure better relations with both the Choctaws and the Chickasaws. Four key people—the Choctaw chiefs Franchimastabé and Taboca, the trader Turner Brashears, and the Chickasaw “king” Taskietoka—seemed now on the side of the Spanish...
7. Tangled and Twisted Paths to Nogales
Download PDF (154.6 KB)
As they did in other parts of the world, forts in this region often turned out to be much less than their creators intended or expected, or as people later wanted to see them.1 Like the earlier French Fort Tombecbé, the Spanish “Fort Confederation” might be so regarded. Much to Delavillebeuvre’s dismay—for he saw his credibility with the Choctaws threatened...
8. The Nogales Assembly, 1793
Download PDF (87.1 KB)
By the time the assembly called by Gayoso in April for late June finally got under way almost four months later in October after one more delay, over two thousand Indians had arrived, most of them (about fifteen hundred) Choctaws—far more than Gayoso had wanted. Its proceedings, while replete with formality and ceremony...
9. Paths—River and Other—from Nogales to San Fernando de las Barrancas
Download PDF (145.6 KB)
While the Nogales congress did not achieve in the end all that Spanish officials and some of the Indian participants may have wanted, it did provide an occasion for more ongoing talk, ceremony, and interaction that in the end proved more important than a specific treaty document. The treaty that came out of the assembly assumed and claimed too much...
Download PDF (27.7 KB)
Diary of Gayoso’s Journey to Nogales, March 24–April 23, 1791
Download PDF (63.6 KB)
Believing it necessary to inform your lordship about all my operations related to the Nogales post and that the report necessarily ought to be a lengthy one, I will compose it in the form of a diary for greater clarity. Last March 23, I advised your lordship of the departure of an expedition for Nogales. Having returned here that night...
Download PDF (42.6 KB)
Sir, I heard that My Father the father of the Cohuus and Chickasaws what is the Reason of your Reason your taking of Our Lands We Red People the King of our Lands never offered to thak the White People Land I thought you was our father and loved us but I find it is not the Case I thought that our talks was as one but I find that you took us for your Children...
Gayoso’s Response to Franchimastabé and Taboca, May 28, 1791
Download PDF (41.9 KB)
My Dear good friend: I received a talk signed with your name and that of Tobacaie, dated 14 of this month & brought by the Chief of the great medal Ytelegana. As I know the affection you have for the Spanish, I believe that whoever wrote the letter did not explain well your meaning...
Diary of Stephen Minor’s First Mission tothe Choctaws May 30 to June 13, 1791
Download PDF (87.9 KB)
May 30, 1791: Having received the sealed letter for Franchimastab
Gayoso on Minor’s Mission to the Choctaws, July 1, 1791
Download PDF (94.5 KB)
On last May 28 I informed Your Lordship about the incident, which I then described, relative to the opposition of the Chacta and Chicasa Indians to our settlement in Nogales. On the 30th day of the same [month] Don Estevan Minor left this post with my response for Franchimastab
Gayoso to Franchimastab
Download PDF (39.8 KB)
Gayoso prepared this letter for Minor to deliver to Franchimastabé on his second mission to the Choctaws. He enclosed a copy, in Spanish, as the first of several enclosures related to Minor’s mission, with a letter he sent directly to the Spanish Minister of State, the Count of Floridablanca. His letter to Taskietoka (document 9) is one of the other documents enclosed with this letter...
Diary of Minor’s Second Mission to the Choctaws, March 13–April 3, 1792
Download PDF (102.2 KB)
Diary of Lt. Estevan Minor, Adjutant Major of the town of Natchez, charged by its Governor Col. Don Manuel Gayoso de Lemos, to go to the Chacta Nation with an official letter for Franchimastab
Download PDF (29.5 KB)
Dear Father, My friend and Brother. You are at the Natchez and sends talks to me and I believe them as you put trust in the man that you sent to talk with me and I have had a great deal of talk with him and I believe you and I hope you will believe me. And if I was to say that there was but seven or eight...
Gayoso to Tascahetuca [Taskietoka], March 28, 1792
Download PDF (30.6 KB)
In the context of Minor’s second mission to the Choctaws, Gayoso wrote this letter to the “King of the Chickasaws.” He sent a copy of it, along with his letter to Franchimastabé, his instructions to Minor, and other documents directly to the minister of state, the count of Floridablanca, in Spain...
Gayoso’s Account of the Natchez Congress, May 1792
Download PDF (186.1 KB)
On the tenth of the current month [May] I received information from Franchimastab
Treaty of Natchez, May 14, 1792
Download PDF (44.2 KB)
Treaty of Friendship between His Catholic Majesty, Great King of the Spains and of the Indies, on the one part, represented by Don Manuel Gayoso de Lemos, Colonel of his Royal Armies, Governor of the Plaza and district of Natchez; and, on the other, Taskaotuca, K ing of the Chicachas, and of Franchimastab
Gayoso’s Account of the Visit to Natchez of Cherokee Chiefs, December 1792–January 1793
Download PDF (52.9 KB)
Treaty of Boukfouka, May 1793
Download PDF (38.5 KB)
Treaty of Friendship between His Catholic Majesty great King the Spains and the Indies for one part represented by Lieutenant Colonel Don Juan de la Villebeuvre, Grenadier Captain of the Louisiana Regiment and Commissioner of His Catholic Majesty in the Chacta and Chicacha Nations and for the other by Nanhoulo mastab
Gayoso’s Account of the Nogales Assembly, October 1793
Download PDF (178.2 KB)
“Latest of the Assembly” After you charged me to describe part of what happened in the assembly up to the conclusion of the treaty, I received orders from Your Lordship to send assistance from this jurisdiction to our capital and then to the upper reaches of the river. I therefore postponed until now informing Your Lordship...
Treaty of Nogales, October 28, 1793
Download PDF (48.1 KB)
Treaty of Friendship and Guarantee between His Catholic Majesty King of Spain and Emperor of the Indies on the one hand and on the other the Chickasaw, Creek, Talapuche, Alibamon, Cherokee, and Choctaw Nations, represented in name of His Majesty by Don Manuel Gayoso de Lemos, Colonel of the Royal Armies, Military and Political Governor...
Cession of the Barrancas de Marg
Download PDF (74.4 KB)
This document takes the form of a map followed by a verbal “representation.” The reproduction, which is included here, is a copy from the Archivo General de Simancas of a copy submitted by Manuel Gayoso de Lemos to the Baron de Carondelet, which he signed and then forwarded to Spain (see Figure 7). We have translated the text portion of the document...
Gayoso’s Account of a Meeting with the Chickasaw King at San Fernando de las Barrancas, August 1795
Download PDF (91.4 KB)
Download PDF (28.3 KB)
Notes to Chapters
Download PDF (246.5 KB)
Notes to Documents
Download PDF (62.4 KB)
Essay on Sources
Download PDF (67.0 KB)
Download PDF (91.2 KB)
Publication Year: 2010 | <urn:uuid:9ddc4784-33d3-4ed7-9119-4cf3b69c3c7d> | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9780817385224 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438042990611.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002310-00176-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924528 | 2,821 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Following the publication of Robert Hooke's 'Micrographia' in 1665, English makers, notably John Marshall (1663-1725) began to produce large compound microscopes based on Hooke's design. Although this instrument resembles those made by Marshall in general form, it differs from them in several important respects. The pillar is fixed vertical, with the ball-and-socket joint of earlier instruments having been dispensed with. The microscope is also fitted with a plane illuminating mirror which does not appear to have been fitted to any of Marshall's instruments. Optically the instrument is very much of the Marshall form, there being a single-lens objective, a large field lens and an eye-lens.
© Science Museum / Science & Society Picture Library | <urn:uuid:4a71ed45-86dd-4b1b-b8b9-8cc989749270> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://www.ssplprints.com/image/96326/modified-marshall-type-compound-microscope-1720 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145941.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20200224102135-20200224132135-00411.warc.gz | en | 0.949896 | 155 | 3.421875 | 3 |
What causes knee pain?
- The knee is a complex structure and knee pain occurs for a number of different reasons and victims are universal. It can occur at any age and almost everybody will experience it at least once in their lifetime.
- Some reasons for knee pain includes sports injury, damage to the knee muscle or bone damage, accident or even a birth deformity.
- Being overweight or obese is considered to be a contributing factor to knee pain. The excess body weight puts more stress on knee joint that may leads to knee bone breakage or tissue damage.
- Certain sports like basketball, alpine skiing, and running causes repeated pounding on your knees and increases the risk of knee injury.
Knee pain soother
- The best knee pain reliever is physical therapy. A physical therapist will analyze your knee profile, examines your medical history and provide you with pain relieving exercises.
- Exercises strengthens the knee muscle and maintains joint’s full range of motion.
- Strengthening the knee muscles will prevent you from further knee injury.
- Knee pain exercises need not be hard, even simple and low-impact exercises are beneficial increasing its flexibility and strength.
- Consult your physical therapist before starting any exercise of your own, physical therapists are the ones who can provide you with a necessary and detailed instruction of the right knee pain exercise for you.
- Below we discuss the benefits of a few moves and stretches that can soothe your knee pain.
- Squatting improves your knee flexibility and prevents injury.
- It keeps your knee strong and movable.
- This exercise tones your whole leg and builds muscle throughout the body.
- Squatting improves the blood circulation and doesn’t put a strain on your back.
- It is a low-impact exercise that gives big results.
- It is fun to practice and helps to burn more calories.
- Increases flexibility and improves the joint balance as well as endurance.
- It tones up the leg muscle and butt area.
Straight Leg raise
- It is a simple exercise, just lie on your back, support your pelvis by placing the hands under buttocks and gently raise the leg skyward without bending the knees and rest it down slowly to the start position and repeat.
- This is an equipment-free exercise that sculpts your lower body. It engages the thigh muscles and helps to give tone and definition. It greatly improves the knee muscles and makes it more flexible thus helping to reduce knee pain.
- Knee flexion exercise, its purpose is to strengthen the hamstring muscles and it engages the hip flexors.
- Hamstring muscles are the muscle group that is found in the back of the leg and it protects the knee from any injury or damage. Any malfunctioning or tightening or stiffening of the hamstring muscles will directly elevate the knee pain. Hence the knee flexion exercise is practiced to make this hamstring muscle group more flexible and thus supports the knee.
- This exercise builds power and improves the balance and muscle control of the lower body.
If you have knee pain and are looking for treatment or relief click here for more information, or please contact us on 212-529-5700
About Fifth Avenue
Fifth Avenue Physical Therapy and Wellness was created at the onset of the new millennium in order to bridge the gap between strength and conditioning and rehabilitation. We have 2 clinics in New York (Grand Central & The Hamptons) and provide care to everyone at a level that Olympic athletes receive. The services we offer are physical therapy, acupuncture, yoga, massage and more.
If you’re looking to build yourself up as an athlete, why not take personal training from us? Where better to train than a place that has built up professional athletes to the highest degree.
If you’re in pain and need help or looking for a service we can provide for you and you’re in New York, then please contact us on 212-529-5700. Or you can fill in your details on our contact page and we will get back to you. | <urn:uuid:6538c1ab-0b9a-45d4-9271-538196284932> | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | https://fifthavenueptandwellness.com/best-stretches-for-knee-pain-relief/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224653608.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20230607042751-20230607072751-00547.warc.gz | en | 0.923495 | 854 | 2.546875 | 3 |
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 432 million adults worldwide have a hearing loss disability. That means they have hearing loss greater than 40 decibels (dB) in the better-hearing ear. The amount of hearing loss could be mild to profound and may affect one or both ears. A person with hearing loss can have trouble hearing conversational speech, distinguishing sounds at high or low frequencies, or be unable to hear well in noisy and distracting environments.
The truth is that when you can’t hear well what’s going on around you, it is isolating, can be depressing, and ultimately lead to decline in memory and other cognitive processes. Adults with hearing loss also have a much higher unemployment rate than those without hearing loss. Adults with hearing loss who are employed often earn lower wages compared with the general workforce. Hearing loss may also result in an earlier retirement than an individual planned or desired.
Permanent hearing loss can be caused by many factors, but one of the most common is repeated exposure to loud, impulse or continuous noise exceeding safe thresholds. A wide range of occupations expose employees to unsafe noise levels on a daily basis, including construction, manufacturing, mining, racing, aviation, event management, public safety, the military and more. Sadly, once hearing has been damaged, it cannot be repaired; assistive devices are the only answer.
What is it like to live with hearing loss? Take a few minutes to try this hearing loss simulation tool to learn what a person with hearing loss hears in a few different situations.
The simulator gives you the option to hear what mild to severe hearing loss sounds like in a range of situations such as a normal conversation at home, in a restaurant, while shopping, in a car and more. It gives you the chance to imagine what your life would be like if you lost some or all your hearing.
Prevention is key
The best way to prevent noise-induced hearing loss is to limit exposure to unsafe noise levels. If that’s not possible, there are certain steps you can take to protect your hearing.
Hearing protection headsets come in a wide range of styles to fit the requirements of every application and working environment. When you find the headset that meets your needs, be sure to wear it to protect your hearing. | <urn:uuid:7f7b51a3-460d-4884-87e6-2e5dc75bb8d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | https://www.otto-comm.com/blogs/Check%20your%20Hearing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662520817.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220517194243-20220517224243-00551.warc.gz | en | 0.957637 | 467 | 3.34375 | 3 |
These citations, from the three most recent editions of the large three-volume monograph "Diseases of the Kidney," refer to comprehensive clinical descriptions of Alport syndrome by our University of Utah group.
"Diseases of the Kidney" may be purchased from the publisher, but is readily found in medical school libraries. I, Curtis L. Atkin, have as yet been unable to obtain the publisher's permission to completely reprint here this copyrighted material. The following essay was adapted and condensed from these Chapters by Dr Martin C. Gregory for the HNF Newsletter No. 27, September 1995. My notes and emendations to Dr Gregory's piece are [bracketed].
Hereditary nephritis is a disparate group of often ill-defined conditions that are similar only in that they run in families and present many diagnostic difficulties. Because the incidence and diversity of such diseases are not generally recognized, opportunities for timely diagnoses and genetic counseling are lost. The most common and best known hereditary nephritis is Alport syndrome. In this chapter, Alport syndrome will be defined as progressive hereditary hematuric nonimmune glomerulonephritis characterized ultrastructurally by irregular thickening, thinning, and lamellation of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). In some kindreds nonrenal features occur. These include hearing loss, various ocular defects, abnormalities of platelet number and function, granulocyte inclusions, and esophageal and genital leiomyomatosis (tumors). We regard nonrenal features as helpful diagnostic pointers in some kindreds, although they are not essential to the diagnosis.
Terminology and diagnostic criteria in many reports vary, and it is difficult to define exactly what Alport syndrome or progressive hereditary nephritis should include. Alport did not perform renal histological studies and as his kindred "has rid itself of Alport's disease," no means exist for defining the syndrome he described in modern terms. This kindred had dominantly inherited kidney disease that was characterized in both sexes by hematuria and urinary erythrocyte casts, variable proteinuria, and especially in males by progressive hearing loss and renal failure. Affected males had hearing loss, died in adolescence, and had no offspring. Progressive azotemia (excesses of urea and creatinine in the blood) and ESRD (end stage renal disease) especially in males, complex ultrastructural anomalies of GBM (glomerular basement membrane), and negative glomerular immunofluorescence studies are characteristics of all types of Alport syndrome. Eventual ESRD of nearly all affected males is a central feature. [Now that Type IV disease (below) is better understood, it has become clear that hearing loss essentially always accompanies renal failure in Alport syndrome]. Many reports have expanded the classic dyad of aural and renal symptoms to include other associated nonrenal anomalies and traits [such as] thrombocytopathia (bleeding disorder characterized by defective platelets), ocular abnormalities, or leiomyomatosis. [Anti-basement membrane collagen antisera that bind] normal GBM and epidermal basement membrane (EBM) fail to bind these membranes in many but not all Alport kindreds].
Chronic hematuria (blood in the urine) is the cardinal sign of Alport syndrome. Persons with hematuria and a gene for Alport syndrome are affected. Clinically normal gene carriers (preponderantly females) should be identified for genetic studies, counseling, and selection of kidney donors; it is, however, misleading to characterize them as affected persons. Our minimal criterion for affectedness is greater than or equal to 3 red cells per high-power field of the centrifuged fresh urine sediment (with rigorous exclusion of menstrual blood) but choice of [either 1 or more, or of 10 or more] erythrocytes per field would change few diagnoses. Urinary erythrocyte casts and proteinuria support the diagnosis of Alport syndrome, but are not necessary for it, whereas other urinary findings (pyuria, positive urine cultures, or proteinuria in the absence of hematuria) are not signs of Alport syndrome. The prime criterion for ascertainment of Alport syndrome in kindreds is the demonstration of a family history of chronic glomerulonephritis in multiple closely related persons.
Clinical features regularly displayed by affected persons in a kindred define the characteristic phenotype of Alport syndrome in that kindred. The severity [and timing] of symptoms may vary [amongst relatives] according to age and gender, [yet many kindreds show statistically distinct averages]. Kindreds clearly differ in [rates of progression of renal failure,] typical ages of ESRD, [rates of progression] of hearing loss, [and presence of] ocular abnormalities. Different phenotypes and different modes of inheritance [demonstrate genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic heterogeneity] of Alport syndrome.
Juvenile versus Adult Types of Alport Syndrome. Schneider first recognized that males in some kindreds with Alport syndrome experienced ESRD in childhood or adolescence, while in other kindreds, males that had ESRD were middle-aged. Bimodality of age of ESRD has been shown repeatedly; juvenile kindreds are those in which males develop ESRD at a mean age below 31 years; in adult types of Alport syndrome ESRD occurs in males at a mean age greater than 31 years.
Major Types of Alport Syndrome. Our analysis of 65 kindreds indubitably suffers from nonuniformity of diagnostic criteria in the original reports, but most fit the following classification well. [The scheme, however, grows ever more obsolete; in particular it does not include autosomal recessive inheritance. Nascent, improved classifications are based on DNA analyses and difficult but gradually improving discrimination of clinical features (phenotype).]
The estimated gene frequency [for X-linked Alport syndrome] is 1:5000 in the Intermountain West of the United States. Shaw and Kallen estimated Alport syndrome gene frequency 1:10,000 elsewhere in the United States. We could not estimate worldwide incidence of Alport syndrome. It has been reported in many races and is probably not associated with race or geography. We believe that the observed incidence of Alport syndrome in Utah is about twice that elsewhere, not because of the "founder principle", but because of the unusual extent of our studies. The origins and large founding size of the Utah population, and high rates of gene flow have resulted in gene frequencies that are similar to those in northern Europe.
[Dr David Barker tentatively estimates the frequency of autosomal recessive (COL4A3 and COL4A4) mutations at 1:250.]
Penetrance and Dominance. Hematuria and ESRD are both manifestations of Alport syndrome, with penetrances that eventually coincide in males, but may be widely disparate in females. Penetrance of hematuria and ESRD is 100% in males with types II, III, and IV disease. For types I, V, and VI hematuria and ESRD likely also approach 100%. For females with types III or IV disease prevalence of hematuria is 90% and eventual prevalence of ESRD in females approximates 15%. ESRD may supervene in close to 100% of females with type V disease. In both males and females the penetrance of hematuria remains constant with age.
[X-linked recessive inheritance has in past been implicated from observations of ESRD in most males and much less ESRD in females. In truly X-linked recessive traits such as hemophilia and colorblindness, males are affected and females are clinically normal. In Alport syndrome, however,] hematuria indicates nephritis in most gene-carriers of either [gender. Thus X-linked recessive Alport syndrome is a specious category].
X-linked Dominant Inheritance. Starting with the original studies of Utah Kindred P, forms of X-linked, sex-linked, or gender-influenced inheritance have been proposed in a minority of reports on Alport syndrome. In the large Utah kindreds there were numerous offspring of affected males but no male to male transmission when stringent diagnostic criteria were applied. Classical genetic analysis and likelihood analysis established X-linkage in several kindreds. X-linkage was proven for various kindreds with types II, III, and IV Alport syndrome by findings of close genetic linkage of the Alport locus ATS to restriction fragment length polymorphic markers in or near the Xq22 chromosomal region. Genetic linkage of nephritis with mutations in the COL4A5 gene proves X-linkage in some of the same and other kindreds. Similar linkage to highly polymorphic microsatellite markers within the COL4A5 proves X-linkage in still other families. [X-linkage characterizes roughly 85% of Alport families.]
[Autosomal Recessive Inheritance characterizes about 15% of Alport families. Regardless of gender, the full array of symptoms are suffered not only by homozygotes of COL4A3 or -4 mutations, but also by double heterozygotes of the COL4A3 and -4 genes. It is becoming clear that heterozygotes of either COL4A3 or COL4A5 may show some but decreased symptoms.]
Autosomal Dominant Inheritance. Male to male transmission established autosomal dominant inheritance of Alport syndrome in kindreds which may be categorized as having types V or VI Alport syndrome. [Autosomal dominance characterizes roughly 1% of Alport families. Some but not all of them have mutations of COL4A3 or COL4A4 genes.]
Dominant inheritance of Alport syndrome may be assumed even with minimal pedigree information. As a group, males with Alport syndrome have about 30% fewer children than normal; many males with juvenile type disease will have no offspring.
Incomplete penetrance of Alport syndrome in females must always be kept in mind. In kindreds with X-linkage, daughters of affected males will all be gene carriers regardless of their urinalysis results. Unless there is information from genetic markers or from urinalyses of the next generation, each clinically normal daughter of the three other sorts of gene carrier parents (mothers in kindreds with X-linkage, and parents of either sex in kindreds with autosomal dominance) stands a real probability of having an undetected nephritis gene.
Renal Symptoms. Hematuria is the cardinal feature, persistent and present from birth in males and in 80-90% of females who have a nephritis gene. The child's mother may note occasionally or persistently red diapers, but hematuria is usually inconspicuous in adult-type disease. Episodes of gross hematuria may follow sore throats or other infections in children and may be the presenting symptom. Macroscopic hematuria is not common in adults and perhaps a feature of juvenile types of disease. Red cell excretion rate is increased by acute infections and by pregnancy.
In adult types of Alport syndrome, renal function is typically normal for years and then wanes inexorably to renal failure. The reciprocal of serum creatinine falls linearly with time during this phase (roughly six years from early to end-state renal failure in adult-type Alport syndrome); hypertension appears, and worsens as renal function deteriorates. Crescentic glomerulonephritis may occur, especially in juvenile types of Alport syndrome, and be accompanied by rapidly progressive renal failure.
With either juvenile or adult type Alport syndrome, renal failure is inevitable for affected males, but few females become uremic, and then generally when elderly. ESRD of females in kindreds with type V Alport syndrome may be as frequent as for the males.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Kindreds with type IV Alport syndrome and some with indeterminate type Alport syndrome have socially normal hearing, whereas progressive and ultimately profound, bilateral, sensorineural hearing loss distinguishes kindreds with all other types. Patients can be unaware of a high frequency loss that is readily shown by audiometry (hearing test). Hearing loss generally occurs later, less severely, and less frequently in females, although some women and girls may have a profound loss. In some families with Alport syndrome and hearing loss, affected members may have apparently normal hearing even after ESRD, but as a rule those family members without hearing loss have less severe renal disease. In Utah Kindred P with type III Alport syndrome, noticeable hearing loss generally coincides with the onset of renal failure.
Ocular Features. Eye defects appear limited to kindreds with juvenile type nephritis with hearing loss. In start contrast to hearing loss, which is common in hereditary nephritis, but not specific for it, anterior lenticonus [protrusion of the substance of the crystalline lens] is uncommon though nearly pathognomonic. All cases of anterior lentinconus reported between 1964 and 1982 have been associated with nephritis and/or hearing loss. Lenticonus is more common in males and is usually, but not invariably, bilateral.
The path to the correct diagnosis lies through a carefully extended family history and personal examination of the urinary sediment, specifically for hematuria. The proband will commonly be a child with unexplained hematuria or an adolescent to middle-aged male with ESRD, with a vague history of kidney disease in brothers or relatives on the maternal side. Systematic urinalyses may reveal several relatives with hematuria.
Of great interest are the forthcoming genetic methods of diagnosis. It appears that probing with cDNAs from COL4A5 will reveal mutations in equal to or less than 10% of kindreds. Emerging techniques with microsatellite markers within COL4A5, exon scanning, single stranded DNA fragment conformational analyses, etc., should soon provide specific genetic tests for gene-carrier status in most families.
No specific treatment is known to affect the underlying pathological process or to alter the clinical course. Antibiotics, anticoagulants, steroids, and immunosuppressives have wrought no benefit. Control of hypertension is mandated on general grounds and protein restriction may prove to be of value once nephron loss gives rise to hyperfiltration. Management of advancing renal failure is along conventional lines. When terminal uremia occurs, dialysis and transplantation pose no particular problems, although the lack of certain GBM antigens invites a slender risk of de novo anti-GBM nephritis after transplantation. Except for one unconvincing example, the glomerular defect of Alport syndrome has not recurred after transplantation. Particular care must be taken in selection of living donors: meticulous and repeated urinalysis for hematuria is the most important step.
Great care should be taken to avoid adding insults from drug ototoxicity to the advancing aural injury. Improvement or stabilization of hearing loss has occasionally been noted after transplantation of Alport patients; others have noted no benefit nor have we. Interpretation of these findings is difficult because dialysis or the uremic state have been held culpable for reversible hearing loss. When hearing loss worsens the patient will become more dependent on lip-reading and other visual cues. We have observed poor to fair success with hearing aids. Visual acuity should be monitored at intervals in those with or at risk of lenticonus and consideration given to early lens extraction and intra-ocular lens implantation. Keep steroid doses low after transplantation and monitor regularly for cataracts; poor vision is a disproportionate handicap to the deaf. | <urn:uuid:e10b00bf-ff57-4f6a-bcca-9dd1cf8cc27f> | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | http://www.cc.utah.edu/~cla6202/Chap.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131305143.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172145-00071-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927585 | 3,261 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Israeli War Crimes Continued
The U.N. estimated Israel dropped up to 4 million bomblets in southern Lebanon during the conflict, with as many as 40 percent failing to explode on impact.
IDF (Israeli Defense Forces) used cluster bombs and fired them into civilian populated areas. Using artillery batteries, Multiple Launch Systems and aircraft, Israel is thought to have delivered thousands of cluster bombs, containing a total of some four million bomblets during the war.
The United Nations estimates a 30% to 40% actual failure rate for cluster bomblets in Lebanon, leaving them to kill and maim innocent Lebanese.
On July 23, however, the Israeli military censor Colonel Sima Valknin-Gil issued a directive banning all reporting of the *"use of unique kinds of ammunition and weaponry” by the Israeli military in Lebanon. The directive was sent to all Israeli media, including editors, producers, broadcasters and correspondents.
Israel fired as many as 4 million cluster bombs into Lebanon during the war, especially in the last hours before the August 14 cease-fire. UN demining experts say up to 1 million cluster bombs failed to explode immediately and continue to threaten Lebanese civilians.
Cluster bombs burst into bomblets and spread out near the ground. While some aim to destroy tanks, others are designed to kill or maim humans over a wide area. An unexploded cluster bomb may look like a soda can or a dusty rock and can be set off by as little as a touch, packing enough force to rip off a leg or kill a child.
Cluster munitions are bombs or rockets that contain 200 to 600 smaller bombs, or "bomblets" that are designed to scatter over a wide area when the larger bomb is detonated. Bomblets are typically the size of a soda can or a D-cell battery and are designed to explode soon after impact. But not all of them do. Instead, unexploded bombs often litter the target area-silent and nondescript-until picked up by a child, kicked by a passerby, or stepped on by an unsuspecting farmer or grazing animal. They are hidden killers.
According to the UN, the cluster bomb contamination in Lebanon is the worst ever seen, worse than the contamination in Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq. The reason for this is the sheer volume of cluster bombs dropped on a "postage stamp" size country like Lebanon. There will be a residual land mine and unexploded ordnance problem in Lebanon for years to come.
Seventy percent of south Lebanon's economy is based on agriculture, mostly tobacco, olives, bananas, citrus fruit and melons. Farmers cannot tend their fields because the bombing and shelling have destroyed crops, and they cannot plant spring crops because the fields and orchards are still contaminated by unexploded cluster bombs. Israel will not give up the bombing site coordinates to the UN fearing closer scrutiny from the world media.
Close to 200,000 people lost shelter from the bombing in this country of 4 million, and 119,000 houses were either totally destroyed or damaged, mostly in villages and towns in the south, in the suburbs of the capital Beirut and in the town of Baalbek.
The UN has been "SCREAMING" for information on where Israel fired cluster bombs. Israel is reluctant to give up battlefield information that would provide the dates and coordinates, because this would leave them open to international scrutiny on it's use of cluster bombs in civilian areas.
The UN estimates that Israel fired 90 percent of those munition in the last 72 hours of the conflict, when Israel knew that the ceasefire (UN Security Council Resolution 1701) was imminent.
*Israeli attacks on civilian infrastructure
*A Million Unexploded Cluster Bomblets:The Deadly Legacy of Israel's Assault on Lebanon
Israel dominates the lives and land of over 3 million Palestinians through massive military assaults, imprisonment of thousands, torture and systematic starvation policies that have lead to a major humanitarian crisis in many areas of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
(In Memory of Rachel Corrie,
American peace activist murdered by Israel)
*A War Without Balance - Israeli War Crimes
*Israeli bulldozer driver murders American peace activist
*Protest Israeli “war crimes” against civilians in Rafah;Gaza
The War Crimes
of Israel Videos
(Many of these Videos are
Suppressed in the Mass Media)
*Dispatches:The Killing Zone
*Israel Crimes: Israeli Apartheid.Palestinians torment
*Israeli soldiers vs Palestinian men
*Video Israel Doesn't Want You to See
*Lebanon Bint Jbeil and Tyre War Crimes
*Israeli Terror Attack on Tyre - Aftermath
*Zionist Berlin Wall in Israel
*Israeli war crimes
*Galloway on Israel and Lebanon 06/08/2006
*Ramsay Clark Charges Israel, U.S. with War Crimes
*Zionist War Crimes Genocide in Palestine
Saturday, March 03, 2007
The Coming American Fascism
"When Fascism comes to America it will be wrapped
in the flag and carrying a cross" -
(Sinclair Lewis 1935 novel "It Can't Happen Here")
Read the Novel
by Sinclair Lewis online
*It Can't Happen Here
- Watch the Videos -
*Full Movie America:Freedom To Fascism
*American Fascist - Watch It!
*The Coming American Fascism
The police state American-style as imagined and satirized by Lewis, complete with concentration camps, martial law, and mass executions of strikers and other dissidents, then "it" hasn't happened here and isn't likely to happen anytime soon, or is it?
For today's Americans, it could signify our own more gradual and insidious turn toward authoritarian rule. That is why Lewis's darkly funny but grim fable of an authoritarian coup achieved through a democratic election still resonates today along with all the eerie parallels between what he imagined then and what we live with now.
Americans today have reason to doubt the future of democracy and the rule of law in our own country. Today we live in a state of tension between the enjoyment of traditional freedoms, including the protections afforded to speech and person by the Bill of Rights, and the disturbing realization that those freedoms have been undermined.
The reasons for popular disenchantment with the Republican regime are well known from the illegal and horrifically mismanaged war in Iraq to the heartless mishandling of the Hurricane Katrina disaster. In both instances, growing anger over the damage done to the national interest and the loss of life and treasure has been exacerbated by evidence of bad faith by lies, cronyism, and corruption.
Historians and complex system theorists agree that the development of fascism is a complicated societal process. Clearly, the US elites and civil society have managed to accomplish that complicated process.
Most of our national governments, with very few exceptions, have been of, by, and for the class-race elite. Dating from our 1789 beginnings, those sworn to uphold our constitutions have chronically represented and benefited the class-race elite and themselves -- at the expense of we the sovereign people.
For over two hundred years, Hamilton's First Law of Government has dominated : "Money-power first, ordinary people last -- no matter what the law says".
The only legal uncertainty remaining is whether the Bush-Cheney Usurpation was null and void from the date of SCOTUS' unconstitutional ruling, 12 December 2000, or from Bush's taking of the presidential oath, 20 January 2001.
Whatever, all actions taken by Bush under color of law from the relevant date of his usurpation are null and void, plus unconstitutional, felonious, and treasonous. That's every law signed, every regulation promulgated, every Emergency Order signed, every treaty negotiated, every judge and ambassador appointed, every treaty and judgeship confirmed by the Senate, every invasion order issued, every pardon signed by the fascist mutt -- everything.
Most of those actions created unconstitutional anti-law regimes that create felony conspiracies against rights in violation of 18 USC 241 every time they are applied. Both the felonious initial actions and the compounding felonies of the consequent anti-law regimes will have to be criminally prosecuted and litigated. This could take a decade or longer.
We shouldn't let anything except our political ignorance, stupidity, and greed stop us from those prosecutions and litigations. They will be an essential part of rebuilding our nation, or, ignored, they will be an essential part of our nation's death.
No sniveling. Where there's a will, there's a way. We the sovereign people have the intrinsic power to create the way into, through, and beyond the criminal prosecutions and litigations called for by the 3-branch Bush-Cheney Usurpation.
No waffling. As with German and Italian fascism in the early 20th Century, the Bush-Cheney Usurpation is pure fascism. It demonstrates a strong-man leader, extreme secrecy, controlled media, fraudulent elections, judicial rulings clearly violating the Constitution, negation of the rule of law by all three branches of government,
obstruction of justice for political and corporate leaders, the making of ex post facto law to immunize political and corporate leaders from past crimes, redefinition of established law for corruption and ideological purposes, redefinition of commonly understood language terms to avoid legal retribution (e.g., 'torture' to mean only treatment resulting in severe organ damage or death, and 'terrorist surveillance' to mean the interception of any communication or bank activity done by US citizens),
the making of unconstitutional law to limit rights, suppression of Constitutional rights for profits and power, misuse of policy and law for unstated intentions, cronyism and corruption, sham national security obsessions, war making for profits and power, supremacy of the military, sham nationalism for the masses while leadership creates policy to benefit the transnational and stateless super rich, hard science made politically relative, anti-intellectualism outside the political and corporate elites,
suppression of critical thinking in public education, intermixing of government and religion, enemies and scapegoats obsessions, destruction of undesirable minority population and cultural centers (e.g., Warsaw ghetto and New Orleans), male chauvinism and suppression of women's rights, and corporation protection extremes including lassez faire economic policy and suppression of labor's rights and power.
Fascism is not only a form of absurd, predator elitism governance, it is a national trait. Just as there was something inherently fascist about significant numbers of early 20th Century Germans and Italians, so there is something inherently fascist about significant numbers of late 20th and early 21st Century Americans. History will damn the American people for their fascism and fascist war crimes just as it damns the German and Italian peoples for theirs.
The Council for National Policy
The Council for National Policy, boasts that they control everything in the world.
Described by People for the American way as "a secretive right-wing group" that meets behind closed doors to set its policy and agenda, the Council for National Policy was founded in 1981 by members of the John Birch Society, evangelicals, and old-style right-wingers.
CNP was founded in 1981 by Tim LaHaye, the right-wing, evangelical political motivator and author of the Left Behind serial, which chronicles a fictional Armageddon and second coming (in which the non-believers are left behind while believers are carried off in a rapturous moment without their clothes.
In 1999, candidate George W. Bush spoke before a closed-press CNP session in San Antonio. Shortly thereafter, magisterial conservatives pronounced the allegedly moderate younger Bush fit for the mantle of Republican leadership.
*Behind Closed Doors
*Inside the Council for National Policy
*The Secret Society
*Abuses and Usurpations
Everyone knows that the Bush administration misled the American people about the true purposes and likely costs of invading Iraq. It invented a mortal threat to the nation in order to justify illegal aggression.
It has repeatedly sought, from the beginning, to exploit the state of war for partisan advantage and presidential image management. It has wasted hundreds of billions of dollars, and probably over a trillion, on Pentagon contractors with patronage connections to the Republican Party.
Authoritarians excuse their excesses as the necessary response to an enemy that every American knows to be real. For the past five years, the Republican leadership has argued that the attacks of September 11, 2001 -- and the continuing threat from jihadist groups such as al Qaeda -- demand permanent changes in American government, society, and foreign policy.
Now not only liberals and leftists, but centrists, libertarians, and conservatives, of every party and no party, have come to distrust the answers given by those in power.
The Fascist regimes in Italy, Germany, and Spain had in common a highly militarized state, backed by a corporate and wealthy elite, that rose to power through a false populism that exploited the public’s fear of foreigners and moral degenerates. This precisely defines the formula that Karl Rove designed to consolidate the Bush administration’s power in the recent election.
The Evolution of
Franklin Roosevelt has come to represent a certain conception of America, one that is worlds apart from Jefferson's vision, and different from anything that even Lincoln could have imagined. Roosevelt stands for the national government as we know it today, a vast, unfathomable bureaucratic apparatus that recognizes no limits whatsoever to its power, either at home or abroad.
Internationally, it gives every evidence of intending to run the whole world, of extending its hegemony – now that the Soviet Union is no more – to every corner of the globe. Domestically, it undertakes, through an annual budget of close to $2 trillion, to assuage every real or invented social ill and thus enters into every aspect of the people's lives.
In particular, it is engaged in what even a couple of decades ago would have seemed fantastic – a campaign to annihilate freedom of association, subjecting the American people to a program of radical social engineering, in order to transform their voluntarily held traditional beliefs and values and way of life.
The rise of fascism itself is a complex story, much less the rise of American fascism. Just as understanding the rise of fascism in Europe requires understanding the conditions of the time, so too understanding fascism in America requires understanding the conditions leading up to its transformation into a fascist state.
Read more*Fascism Comes to America
*The Rise of American Fascism
*When Fascism Comes to America
*From the Front Lines to the Margins with Chris Hedges
Read moreStumble It!
*It's Not Really Fascism When Christians Do It
(click:Continue to Gallery)
*Classic Film Video Library | *Progressive Talk Radio Archives | *Newsticker |
*Video Theater | *My Black Forest Germany | *Discovering Luxembourg |
*Euro Yank Top Posts | *My Blogs | *Gamer | *Black History Blog |
*American Patriotic Art | *European Art |
*EuroYank Music Box Videos | | <urn:uuid:9f5bca62-69f5-4faa-87ba-e9c02210f341> | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | http://euroyank.blogspot.com/2007/03/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583512421.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20181019170918-20181019192418-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.933024 | 3,122 | 2.546875 | 3 |
I remember the glory days of bionics… you know, when I’d see an article on bionic eyes and not think “Another one?” Because really, there are a lot out there. From homegrown products like Eyeborg and this lady’s webcam eye to more substantial efforts like Second Sight and the Boston Retinal Implant Program, it seems like everybody and their dog is whipping up some sort of vision substitution system. And my visual neuroanatomy professor said it couldn’t be done! In your face, Dr. Schein!
Anyway, the latest is an Australian company with a method that reminds me of the excellent 2002 Wired article that got me interested in this stuff: basically, you have a camera that has its signal sent to a set of microelectrodes, which in turn stimulate the retinal cells, which respond as if there is a light stimulus. Same approach as a decade ago, but hey, whatever works.
As I actually wrote in a paper some time ago, the limitations of this method are clear: it requires not only a working visual system in the brain (some people are “brain blind,” i.e. the problem is not in the eye proper) but a working retina, which can be a tall order; many accidents and disorders would preclude the usage of this method. But it’s not meant to be a universal cure, and a microelectrode array in the visual system would have to be unbelievably precise. Even with the system being proposed by Bionic Vision Australia, they can only make an array of 98 electrodes, resulting in a resolution of about 10×10. Better than nothing, but there will be jaggies. | <urn:uuid:123549e6-64a3-46d4-aba3-37988d78aed1> | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | http://techcrunch.com/2010/04/02/and-now-the-aussies-are-making-bionic-eyes-too/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-40/segments/1443738006497.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20151001222006-00101-ip-10-137-6-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948899 | 353 | 2.546875 | 3 |
One of the mysteries of the English language finally explained.
Have an adverse effect, especially so as to cause damage, suffering, or death.‘years of pumping iron have taken their toll on his body’
- ‘The flood disaster in southern Africa continues to take its toll, with more heavy rain hindering the relief operation.’
- ‘The stress and strain of modern life are taking a heavy toll on the human mind.’
- ‘The stress of everything took its toll and my health began to deteriorate.’
- ‘As he gets closer, his burden gets heavier and takes its toll on both his mind and body.’
- ‘In 2002, he revealed what had long been suspected: that heavy drinking was taking its toll.’
- ‘But if the stress of the role is taking its toll, she takes care not to show it.’
- ‘In the absence of adequate periods of calm, stress can take its toll.’
- ‘I fear that in the next four years the media and his adversaries will take a heavy toll on him.’
- ‘Stress took its toll and the weight began to drop off.’
- ‘As the two ten minute periods of extra time began it was obvious that the heavy ground was taking its toll on both teams.’
Top tips for CV writingRead more
In this article we explore how to impress employers with a spot-on CV. | <urn:uuid:92e12d64-45d3-4a53-9ddd-a96876bf31db> | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/take_its_toll_(or_take_a_heavy_toll) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590559.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20180719051224-20180719071224-00045.warc.gz | en | 0.984233 | 316 | 2.90625 | 3 |
- American Indian Enrollment Increases 62% from 1990 to 1996; 25,000 Students Total
- Successes Achieved Despite Severe Financial Shortages, Limited Facilities
- Comprehensive Report Reviews Enrollments, Funding, Unique Community Role of Tribal Schools
Washington, D.C., March 3, 1999—Tribal Colleges—unique postsecondary institutions that serve the reservation-based American Indian population—are enrolling record numbers of students and having a broad impact on the economic, social, and cultural growth of students and communities, according to a new report. These accomplishments have been achieved despite severe underfunding, high rates of poverty and unemployment, and poor academic facilities, according to the comprehensive study.
The 31 U.S.-based Tribal Colleges enrolled 25,000 students in the 12-month academic period of 1995-96, up from approximately 2,100 just 15 years earlier, in 1982. Total fall enrollment of American Indian students at Tribal Colleges increased by 62% from 1990 to 1996, according to the report, which provides a broad array of previously unpublished information and data.
The successes achieved by Tribal Colleges have been made despite severe financial shortages. Because Tribal Colleges have been established by sovereign nations and are usually located on federal Trust lands, they typically do not receive support from states. And because of the poor economic conditions on many reservations, financial resources from the communities are extremely limited.
The main source of support for Tribal Colleges is the federal government, under the Tribally Controlled College or University Assistance Act. However, the $2,964 available per Indian student in fiscal 1999 is almost 40% less than what the typical community college receives in per-student funding from federal, state, and local government revenues, the report states.
The report, “Tribal Colleges: An Introduction,” was produced by the American Indian Higher Education Consortium (AIHEC), an Alexandria, VA-based organization that supports the work of the colleges, and The Institute for Higher Education Policy, a Washington, DC-based education research group.
Most Tribal Colleges are less than 30 years old, according to the report, with many established in the 1970s and 1980s. They were created to provide educational access to reservation-based residents who often had not seen college as possible. While succeeding, the colleges continue to struggle because of limited funding, facilities that often include abandoned or temporary buildings, and geographic isolation.
Many Tribal College students are the first generation in their family to go to college. The average age of Tribal College students is 32, and 64% are women. Most attend on a part-time basis.
“Our communities suffer from so much economic depression and social adversity,” stated Janine Pease- Pretty On Top, President of Little Big Horn College in Crow Agency, Montana and President of AIHEC. “But the Tribal Colleges provide real opportunity that strengthens our economic development, cultural understanding, and social stability. We need to build on these successes and make college possible for a much broader group of American Indian people.”
All of the 31 U.S. Tribal Colleges offer associate’s degrees, four offer bachelor’s degrees, and two offer master’s degrees. Tribal Colleges are similar to mainstream community colleges, but have a dual mission: to rebuild, reinforce, and explore traditional tribal cultures, and at the same time to provide traditional disciplinary courses that are transferable to other institutions.
The Tribal Colleges also are actively involved in a broad range of community efforts, including basic education, counseling services, and economic development initiatives. The colleges often offer courses in tribal languages and other traditional subjects, and frequently use tribal elders as faculty.
“These colleges are models for other colleges and universities,” said Jamie Merisotis, President of The Institute for Higher Education Policy. “With very limited resources and facilities, Tribal Colleges not only survive, they succeed. The rest of American higher education can learn a lot from the community orientation, efficiency, and sheer determination that drives Tribal Colleges.”
The report is the first in a series produced under the Tribal College Research and Database Initiative, a collaborative effort between the American Indian Higher Education Consortium and the American Indian College Fund. The Initiative is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Administration for Native Americans, and the Pew Charitable Trusts. | <urn:uuid:63baeeff-af66-4ea4-a11f-f3dbff8b8c46> | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | http://ihep.org/press/news-releases/tribal-colleges-introduction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232256494.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20190521162634-20190521184634-00131.warc.gz | en | 0.955158 | 894 | 2.75 | 3 |
Summer Learning Day is a national advocacy day recognized to spread awareness about the importance of summer learning in helping close the achievement gap and support healthy development for our nation’s youth in communities all across the country. This day of celebration is supported by elected officials and policymakers, public agencies, nonprofit organizations, parents, schools, universities, museums, libraries and summer camps across the country. Whatever your role in supporting summer learning is, there are so many ways to celebrate Summer Learning Day!
Visit the National Summer Learning Association’s Ways to Celebrate to learn how you can help spread the word in your community. Also, visit the Event Map to add your event or find a Summer Learning Day event near you! | <urn:uuid:31a88135-5111-4dff-86e6-ed57eabfe20d> | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | http://www.nlc.org/build-skills-and-networks/education-and-training/event-calendar/summer-learning-day | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131300905.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172140-00195-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931819 | 143 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Maximillian Joseph August Schlemmer was born in 1856 in the French province of Alsace Lorraine to German parents. In 1871, as the Prussian army crossed the French border, Max set sail for New York. After traveling on whaling ships for several years, Max Schlemmer settled in Kauai, Hawaii, in 1885. His interest in Laysan Island began after procuring a job with the North Pacific Phosphate and Fertilizer Company, which mined the guano-rich island. The island also had a unique bird population because of its abundance of fresh water, and it soon became popular with the scientific community. Max himself collected a small number of bird specimens.
Captain Max Schlemmer lived and worked on the island intermittently from 1893-1915. He became known as the "King of Laysan Island." As the company he worked for began to turn elsewhere for fertilizer, he took full charge of the mining of guano on Laysan. Japanese pirates began visiting this island and neighboring Lisianski Island to kill the birds for their skins, which brought a hefty profit. Max also tried to use the birds for profit, but all his attempts failed. In February of 1909, President Theodore Roosevelt declared Laysan and the other islands in the Hawaiian archipelago to be the Hawaiian Islands Bird Reservation, thus hoping to stop the destruction of the feathered inhabitants. However, bird pirating continued.
In 1914, Max bought the sloop yacht, Helene, to make a journey to the Laysan he had not visited since 1908. On June 25, 1915, Max set out for the island with several of his children on board, including his son Eric. After troubles with the ship, they arrived at Laysan only to find the little island completely decimated of wildlife. They set about restoring the island to its former glory as a natural habitat and breeding ground. The journal by Max covers this trip from June 25 to December 2. The Helene was completely lost soon thereafter in a hurricane when loaned out to a shipwrecked captain for a short trip to Midway Island. Eventually, another ship arrived to remove the Schlemmer family from the island, thus leaving it open again for bird pirating. The Schlemmers returned to Honolulu, where Max stayed until his death in 1935.
In 1923, the Tanager Expedition (named after the boat, Tanager), run by the U.S. Biological Survey and the Bishop Museum in Honolulu, set out to survey the Bird Reservation on Laysan Island. Max Schlemmer had previously introduced rabbits to the island that had since destroyed Laysan's ecological balance. The expedition hoped to remove the rabbit threat as well as bring back bird specimens from Laysan and other islands in the Bird Reservation. Alexander Wetmore, the noted ornithologist, was appointed to lead this expedition. Eric Schlemmer, Max's son, was recruited by Wetmore to join the trip. After three trips that year, the expedition succeeded in exterminating the rabbits on Laysan. | <urn:uuid:8bd93dee-f3a7-4805-89d0-2f286a30befe> | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | https://sova.si.edu/record/SIA.FA05-288?s=20&n=10&t=C&q=Hawaiians&i=25 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439735989.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20200805212258-20200806002258-00287.warc.gz | en | 0.977245 | 635 | 3.375 | 3 |
In 2010, Haiti was hit by a devastating earthquake. But the Haiti people suffered most in the aftermath of the earthquake due to their limited capacity, as a Less Economically Developed Country, to respond to the disaster.
- On 12th January 2010, a magnitude seven earthquake destroyed 97,000 homes in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
- As an LEDC, Haiti suffered devastating primary and secondary effects, including water contamination and an outbreak of cholera.
- Haiti lacked adequate resource to launch an effective short-term response and medical facilities were insufficient.
- Distribution of financial aid was hampered by logistical problems and long-term responses were slow to take effect, as six months on rubble remained untouched.
This is Port-au-Prince before the 12th of January 2010.
On that date a devastating magnitude 7 earthquake struck Haiti.
Hundreds of thousands of people were killed, injured or displaced.
Its force meant that some level of destruction was unavoidable.
But the impact of natural disasters is often worse in LEDCs or Less ...
Please log in to view and download the complete transcript. | <urn:uuid:a3cbac07-b5d7-4830-b81d-bc94f47e32b8> | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | https://www.twig-world.com/film/earthquakes-ledc-response-1772/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370520039.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20200404042338-20200404072338-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.962231 | 227 | 3.28125 | 3 |
.NET Core is a new version of .NET Framework, which is a free, open-source, general-purpose development platform maintained by Microsoft. It is a cross-platform framework that runs on Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems.
.NET Core Framework can be used to build different types of applications such as mobile, desktop, web, cloud, IoT, machine learning, microservices, game, etc.
.NET Core is written from scratch to make it modular, lightweight, fast, and cross-platform Framework. It includes the core features that are required to run a basic .NET Core app. Other features are provided as NuGet packages, which you can add it in your application as needed. In this way, the .NET Core application speed up the performance, reduce the memory footprint and becomes easy to maintain.
There are some limitations with the .NET Framework. For example, it only runs on the Windows platform. Also, you need to use different .NET APIs for different Windows devices such as Windows Desktop, Windows Store, Windows Phone, and Web applications. In addition to this, the .NET Framework is a machine-wide framework. Any changes made to it affect all applications taking a dependency on it.
Today, it's common to have an application that runs across devices; a backend on the web server, admin front-end on windows desktop, web, and mobile apps for consumers. So, there is a need for a single framework that works everywhere. So, considering this, Microsoft created .NET Core. The main objective of .NET Core is to make .NET Framework open-source, cross-platform compatible that can be used in a wide variety of verticals, from the data center to touch-based devices.
.NET Core is an open-source framework maintained by Microsoft and available on GitHub under MIT and Apache 2 licenses. It is a .NET Foundation project.
You can view, download, or contribute to the source code using the following GitHub repositories:
.NET Core runs on Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems. There are different runtime for each operating system that executes the code and generates the same output.
Execute the code with the same behavior in different instruction set architectures, including x64, x86, and ARM.
Various types of applications can be developed and run on .NET Core platform such as mobile, desktop, web, cloud, IoT, machine learning, microservices, game, etc.
You can use C#, F#, and Visual Basic programming languages to develop .NET Core applications. You can use your favorite IDE, including Visual Studio 2017/2019, Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, Vim, etc.
.NET Core supports modular architecture approach using NuGet packages. There are different NuGet packages for various features that can be added to the .NET Core project as needed. Even the .NET Core library is provided as a NuGet package. The NuGet package for the default .NET Core application model is Microsoft.NETCore.App.
This way, it reduces the memory footprint, speeds up the performance, and easy to maintain.
.NET Core includes CLI tools (Command-line interface) for development and continuous-integration.
.NET Core application can be deployed user-wide or system-wide or with Docker Containers.
Compatible with .NET Framework and Mono APIs by using .NET Standard specification.
Lines of code | <urn:uuid:cfc99059-0629-42a6-afd6-c9eb38f11198> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://www.parthinfotech.net/technologies/dot-net-core | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500154.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20230204205328-20230204235328-00122.warc.gz | en | 0.897045 | 714 | 3.25 | 3 |
Happy Flag Day Everyone! Scroll to the second half of this blog to find out about the Flag Retirement Ceremony.
Do you know about flag day?
On June 14, 1777 the second Continental Congress adopted a resolution establishing the flag of the United States. Over a hundred years later a Wisconsin school teacher began to advocate for recognizing June 14 as the Flag’s Birthday or Flag Day. Then in 1916, President Wilson issued Presidential Proclamation 1335 in which he “suggested” and “requested” that every community in the United States should observe June 14 as Flag Day. Congress subsequently passed a law in 1949 which established June 14 as Flag Day and requested the President to issue an annual proclamation for Flag Day. This proclamation instructs U.S. government officials to display the flag on all Government buildings and asks the people of the United States to observe the day in honor of the adoption of the Stars and Stripes as the official flag of the United States. The current law can be found in the United States Code, Title 36, section 110.
As well as law establishing the official flag and Flag Day, Congress has also passed laws regarding the design of the flag as well as laws regarding the time, occasions, position and manner of display. These laws can be found in Title 4 of the United States Code, sections 1-10.
- Section 5 of this Title states that this law pertains to the display and use of the flag for use by civilians or civilian groups.
- Section 6 lays out the “Time and occasions for display.”
- Section 7 gives information about the position and manner of display.
So what about that Flag Retirement Ceremony? ST. GEORGE – Flag Day, a day set aside nationally to honor Old Glory, the United States flag, is this Saturday. That morning, city streets will be lined with American flags as one home after another has the flag posted in front of it by Boy Scout troops, volunteers and citizens. To conclude the day, old and worn flags will be disposed of in a reverent and respectful manner at the community’s first large scale Flag Retirement Ceremony and Military Tribute at the Dixie Sunbowl, just three blocks from Best Western Coral Hills. The purpose of the flag retirement ceremony is to take old American flags that are beyond repair and burn them in an honorable and dignified manner.
The public is invited to attend the flag retirement ceremony and military tribute Saturday at 7:30 p.m., at the Dixie Sunbowl, 150 South 400 East in St. George. Admission is free. Scouts are asked to be in uniform and arrive at 7 p.m.
- When: Saturday, 7:30-9 p.m.
- Where: Dixie Sunbowl, 150 South 400 East in St. George
- Admission: Free | <urn:uuid:1f734381-2a67-40b2-88bc-c5e2e7e72e67> | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | http://www.coralhills.com/flag-day-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-40/segments/1443737946509.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20151001221906-00248-ip-10-137-6-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938975 | 583 | 2.75 | 3 |
Describing where things are is an important skill to have in Japanese. Being able to describe where things are not only enhances your ability to describe locations; it also aids you in asking for and giving directions. In order to do so, there is a set of words known as “location” words. These words are used to describe where something is (a noun) in relation to other noun. These words are not used only in the scenarios described in this lesson, but we are just going to focus on their main uses for now.
First, here is a list of the location words and their English equivalent.
|To the right of||みぎ|
|To the left of||ひだり|
|In front of||まえ|
Explanation – Part I
X は Y の “location word” です.
This is the basic sentence structure that you will follow in order to describe where something is. To start with, let’s say that you want to describe where the bank is. If the bank is in front of the library, you would say ぎんこうはとしょかんのまえです。
の must always go between the second location and the location word. As seen in the above sentence, the second location is the library, and the location word is まえ. So, when saying the bank is in front of the library, the word for library must go with the location word. That’s how we get ぎんこうはとしょかんのまえです. If the bank was behind the library instead of in front of it, you would say ぎんこうはとしょかんのうしろです. You can change the location word to any on the above list; just place it in the same place that まえ and うしろ previously occupied in the sentence.
Take a look at the following sentence pairs to see some more examples of how location words look.
B: デパート はぎんこうのひだりです。
As you can see, in the final sentence the subject was omitted. Keep in mind that this is acceptable in Japanese as long as the listener knows what the subject is.
Explanation – Part II
Now that you have an idea of the basic structure for location words, let’s go a little more in depth.
You will recall from an earlier lesson (Lesson #10) the Japanese pronouns それ, これ, and あれ. You were also taught another form of these pronouns (その, この, and あの). Now we are going to learn a third form of these pronouns because these forms can be used with location words. The new forms are そこ, ここ, and あそこ. Take a look at the chart below in case this does not make sense.
|それ (that)||これ (this)||あれ (that over there)|
|その (that noun)||この (this noun right here)||あの (that noun over there)|
|そこ (there)||ここ (here)||あそこ (over there)|
*Note that where it says “noun” in the chart, a noun should be filled in.
Here are the new pronouns in examples:
ぎんこうはどこですか。 (Where is the bank?)
ぎんこうはあそこです。 (The bank is over there.)
ぎんこうはどこですか。 (Where is the bank?)
そこです。(It is there.)
ぎんこうはどこですか。(Where is the bank?)
ぎんこうはここです。レストランのまえです。(The bank is here. In front of the restaurant.)
These pronouns work best when you can point to the location of the building or noun.
Finally, let’s learn how to say that something is in between two other things. You will use this structure.
X は Y と Z のあいだです.
For example, if the pencil is in between the book and the bag, you would say:
This structure also works for buildings.
Translate the following from English to Japanese. If you aren’t sure of the Japanese word for a noun, look it up in a dictionary. You may want to purchase a Japanese dictionary or use one online. There is a link to a Japanese dictionary on the right hand menu of this website. Using a dictionary will help you learn new words. Don’t look at the answer key until you have finished the exercises!
- The umbrella is under the chair.
- The restaurant is near the department store.
- The school is next to the bank.
- The pen is in the bag.
- The book is near the bag.
Translate the following into English.
- レストラン はデパート のそばです。
- Where is the Japanese book?
It is under the newspaper.
- Where is the dictionary?
It is over there, on top of the desk.
- Where is the library?
(The library is) between the post office and the bank.
- Where is the pencil? Is it inside the bag?
Yes, the pencil is inside the bag.
- Where is the water?
The water is next to the soda. | <urn:uuid:9a510f25-3dc2-46b3-9277-1a537cd882ff> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://yesjapanese.com/learn-japanese/lesson-18-location-words/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875146665.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20200227063824-20200227093824-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.77191 | 1,213 | 4.28125 | 4 |
Older adults are at greater risk of burn injuries because of physical changes that occur naturally as we grow older.
- The ability to see and hear diminishes with age. An older adult may not see that a stove burner is on or may not hear a smoke alarm.
- Skin gets thinner with aging. Older adults may burn more quickly on contact with hot material and suffer a deeper burn than a younger person.
- Chronic health problems impair the senses. Certain conditions — for example, diabetes — can decrease the sense of touch, so an older adult may be burned without realizing it.
- Reflexes slow; agility and balance are reduced. Older adults may suffer from mobility problems— ranging from arthritis to reliance on a wheelchair to being bedridden—that make it difficult or impossible to escape a fire.
- Cognitive problems may reduce the ability to recognize danger. Older adults may have conditions such as dementia or Alzheimer’s disease that make it difficult for them to recognize danger and avoid risky actions.
Older adults can reduce the risk of burn injuries by doing the following:
Planning. Make sure smoke alarms are properly installed and that batteries are charged; ask family members or neighbors to help, if needed. Plot an escape route and practice an emergency exit. Identify someone nearby who can help in an emergency. Make sure emergency phone numbers are posted by the telephone.
Common sense. If you take medication that makes you drowsy, don’t try to cook until you’re alert. Wear snug-fitting or short sleeves when you cook. Use oven mitts, and turn off burners before picking up a pot. Avoid using extension cords on a regular basis, and make sure electrical outlets are appropriate for the appliances you plug in. If you like candles, use large, sturdy candleholders; don’t leave burning candles unattended. Consider using battery-operated candle look-alikes. Always test your bath or shower water with an elbow or hand, and turn the temperature on your hot water heater to no more than 120 degrees F.
Appliance safety. Don’t use appliances with worn or frayed electrical cords. If you use space heaters, make sure you use the right fuel and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for use, especially for clearance from walls, drapes and furniture. Use a timer with electric blankets and heating pads.
Smoking. Cigarettes and other smoking materials are the number- one cause of fatal home fires for older adults. If you or others in your home must smoke, make sure you have large, deep, non-tip ashtrays. Wet down butts and ashes before you empty ashtrays, and empty ashtrays into a metal trash can. Never smoke in bed, and never smoke near an oxygen source. Don’t smoke after drinking or taking medications that make you drowsy.
Keep it clean. Clear out clutter: piles of papers, clothing and other materials pose a fire hazard and can block exit routes. Keep your stovetop and oven clean to reduce the chance of grease fires. Check your basement or storage area, and dispose of any flammable gases and liquids (cleaning fluids, gasoline, propane, kerosene, paint thinner) that you don’t need.
Ask. Don’t hesitate to ask questions if you have safety concerns, and don’t be afraid to ask for help if you need it.
To learn more, visit the American Burn Association Web site at www.ameriburn.org. | <urn:uuid:3fb5108d-159d-40b1-ad6b-d5defbdaf473> | CC-MAIN-2018-22 | https://www.ahn.org/specialties/burn-center/safe-seniors | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794867417.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20180526131802-20180526151802-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.897188 | 730 | 3.375 | 3 |
Can nicotine gum boost my brain power? (…or am I better off with a strong cuppa?)
Can nicotine gum boost my brain power? (…or am I better off with a strong cuppa?)
smoking Terrible for us. We know this to be unequivocally true. And vaping – while touted as a ‘safe’ option – poses serious health risks of its own.
But users find it hard to quit both habits because of nicotine, the highly addictive chemical they provide. And yet nicotine is growing in popularity as a ‘nootropic’ – a substance that supposedly improves cognitive function without harmful effects.
In his popular podcast, The Huberman Lab, Andrew Huberman, a distinguished neuroscientist and associate professor in the Department of Neurobiology at Stanford University, CaliforniaDiscusses ‘science-based tools for everyday life’.
He recently spoke about his own occasional use of small amounts of nicotine for its cognitive benefits.
When it enters the body, nicotine can temporarily induce a feeling of well-being through an increase in endorphins. It can also improve concentration and memory.
And, once you look into it, you discover that a surprising number of people — from medical students to CEOs — subtly inject their brains with nicotine in the form of lozenges, gum, sprays, or patches (the type of product most commonly used). changing chemistry to quit smoking), to improve their cognitive performance.
Smoking is bad for us. We know this to be unequivocally true. And vaping – while touted as a ‘safe’ option – poses serious health risks of its own. But users find it difficult to quit both habits because of nicotine, which they find highly addictive
These advocates know how dangerous smoking can be, but they want to exploit the effects of nicotine, a powerful drug widely available from supermarkets and high street chemists.
Smoking is harmful to us because it produces toxic substances like carbon monoxide and tar. Nicotine, by contrast, is not overtly harmful in small amounts—its most significant risk is what makes smoking so addictive in the first place.
Still, nicotine carries risks: increases blood pressure and heart rate, narrows arteries and hardens their walls, increasing the likelihood of heart attack or stroke with regular use.
Yet Dr James Gill, a GP and lecturer at Warwick Medical School, who has seen an increase in awareness of nootropics among students, says, ‘People are increasingly finding ways to hack their bodies with nootropics, one example being the widely available and legal nicotine’.
He said: ‘We have nicotinic receptors throughout the brain and body. Ingesting nicotine stimulates these receptors to produce one of our nervous system’s most important chemical messengers, as well as dopamine, another chemical messenger, and the hormone adrenaline – with wide-ranging effects that can improve mood, motivation and focus.’
Nicotine starts to take effect after two to 15 minutes and lasts about 45 minutes. The drug has a half-life (meaning the time it takes for your body to lose half of the active substance) of about two hours.
Dr Gill added: ‘Nicotine also appears to activate receptors in the hippocampus, the area of the brain that transforms our short-term thoughts into long-term memories. So when we take nicotine, it can also help stimulate memory.’
The truth is that humans have been using nicotine for thousands of years. The drug is found naturally in a variety of plants – including nightshades such as tomatoes, peppers, aubergines and potatoes.
Smoking is harmful to us because it produces toxic substances like carbon monoxide and tar. In contrast, nicotine is not overtly harmful in small amounts—it’s most significant risk is what makes smoking so addictive in the first place
But it is found in the highest levels of the tobacco plant (named after Nicotiana tabacum, a plant named after Jean Nicot, a French ambassador who sent tobacco from Brazil to Paris in 1560, promoting its medicinal use for health problems, including headaches). Andrew Huberman devoted a recent episode of his podcast to nicotine, talking about an anonymous Nobel Prize winner who regularly chewed nicotine gum because of growing research that nicotine may prevent age-related cognitive decline.
When it comes to its benefits for focus, Dr Rachel Taylor, a neuropsychologist at the University of Manchester, says: ‘Neurotransmitters are important for our focus and state of mind. It is interesting to note that individuals with schizophrenia, adult ADHD, and major depression often smoke more than populations without these disorders.
‘All of these conditions involve an inability to focus on certain stimuli while avoiding others, and it may be that they are effectively self-medicating with nicotine.’
He adds: ‘It also helps with bowel movements. However, it can be toxic and fatal in high doses.’ If taken in excess, nicotine can be toxic. Although extreme toxicity is relatively rare, it has become more common in recent years due to new nicotine products such as e-cigarettes and liquid nicotine. Symptoms of nicotine poisoning include nausea, dizziness, abnormal heartbeat and increased blood pressure.
And, as Dr. Gill explains, even a little too much can diminish any cognitive benefits. ‘Nicotine shows an “inverted J-dose response”, meaning that while low doses and short exposures may provide a benefit, higher, longer doses may actually impair cognitive function,’ he says.
Then, of course, there’s the inevitable issue of how addictive nicotine is. Dr Gill said: ‘It’s addictive because it increases dopamine, which feels good – and especially if you use a delivery method like cigarettes that hits the brain almost immediately.’
Secrets to an A-List Body: How to Get the Enviable Body of a Star
This week: Tess Daly’s Waist
The jumpsuit she wore to the launch of Strictly Come Dancing highlighted presenter Tess Daly’s trim waist
The jumpsuit she wore to the launch of Strictly Come Dancing highlighted presenter Tess Daly’s trim waist.
The 53-year-old mum keeps fit by swimming, trampolining and yoga — ‘I don’t like to sweat too much’ — and often starts her day by skipping five minutes.
What to try: This walk-out tones the core, strengthens the shoulders, and stretches the legs and lower back.
Start standing with your feet slightly apart, reach down into a forward fold and place your hands in front of your feet. Shift your weight onto your hands and walk forward until your back, hips and heels are in a plank, with your palms and toes supporting you.
Take a few breaths, then return your arms to the starting position.
Repeat three sets of five each day.
Brain growth slows down with regular use, he says. ‘Your body has a thermostat for everything. If you have too much exposure to a substance, the benefits will diminish, as your brain learns to compensate and you want and need more to achieve the same effect.’
As a lifelong non-smoker who relies on nothing stronger than a regular mug of PG Tips to get me through writing time at my kitchen table, I have to admit to some curiosity about nicotine’s nootropic benefits. I decided to do my own careful investigation and consult with David Tommen, a self-styled ‘nootropics expert’ and author of Secrets of the Optimized Brain, about how to proceed.
He warns me that the original dose is kept low. ‘And only use it occasionally. Too much nicotine sensitizes the receptors, so tolerance is a problem. But your receptors recover fairly quickly if you give them a break for a day.’
I decided to experiment with a lower dose, separately, to see if the nicotine did anything to my productivity.
Chewing gum: I start by trying a piece of nicotine gum, which contains 2 mg of nicotine (a smoker typically gets between 1 mg and 2 mg of nicotine from each cigarette). I chew enthusiastically before sitting down to work and find myself, to my surprise, only ten minutes later, nauseous and shaky. It is deeply unpleasant and not conducive to concentration. I ended up gagging over the basin.
When I asked Dr Gill where I went wrong, he said: ‘You’re in shock, just like you would be if you’ve never had any caffeine and decided to have a double espresso. Even a 2mg dose is enough to make you feel that way if you’re not used to it.’ This reaction is called ‘Nick Sick’. I shudder to think that an increasing number of children are vaping and exposing themselves to large amounts of nicotine.
Lozenges: After a few days, I slowly suck a 1mg nicotine lozenge — David Tommen says it’s a ‘safe and effective delivery for using nicotine as a nootropic’ with ‘much less toxic ingredients than other delivery methods’. This time, there is no shaking or nausea, instead I feel a noticeable lift, as if I am running or drinking a strong coffee: I can feel the adrenaline. It alerts me. I can see how addictive it can be.
Spray: Nicotine sprays are faster and more pleasant to use than gum or lozenges and provide the same noticeable lift as lozenges. I also find that I’m less hungry at lunchtime – decreased appetite is another nicotine side-effect. When I asked about the risk of addiction, Dr Gill said, ‘daily use can develop dependence – and perhaps in weeks rather than months’.
The patch: I end my foray into nicotine with the Nicorette patch. Here the release of nicotine into the bloodstream is slowed. The lowest dose is a 7mg patch, which is supposed to be released over 24 hours. However, I don’t feel any jitters and I probably feel more focused and productive. But as Dr Gill says: ‘If you think something will help you focus better, it probably will.’
All that being said, there’s no doubt that nicotine provides a cognitive boost if you get past the side-effects of a novice, and I can see how it could be enticing for students or educators. But I’m afraid of developing any kind of dependency — and skeptical of the growing nootropics industry that suggests we look beyond healthy behaviors like exercise and good nutrition to ‘optimize’ our existence.
Perhaps Dr Gill said it best: ‘We are all human-shaped bundles of chemicals. There are many things we can do to change these chemicals – sometimes for the positive and sometimes for the negative.
‘But if you’re going to mess with your chemistry, don’t forget that your chemistry is going to mess with you.’
#nicotine #gum #boost #brain #power #…or #strong #cuppa | <urn:uuid:846ba704-40c5-4a85-a900-d60dde040f16> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://iraqcst.com/can-nicotine-gum-boost-my-brain-power-or-am-i-better-off-with-a-strong-cuppa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945168.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20230323132026-20230323162026-00439.warc.gz | en | 0.940923 | 2,302 | 2.65625 | 3 |
At a Glance
Gastrointestinal (GI) angiodysplasia is a relatively common lesion of the mucosa and submucosa of the GI track, caused by small vascular malformations or ectasias, that is part of the normal aging process. Along with diverticulosis, it is one of the most common causes of unexplained lower GI bleeding and iron deficiency anemia in patients older than 60 years of age with the majority being older than 70 years of age. It has been estimated that between 5 and 6% of all GI bleeding episodes are due to angiodysplasia. There is no sex or racial predilection.
The lesions are often multiple, and although up to 80% involve the ascending colon, they can occur at any place in the GI track. When other parts of the GI track are affected, patients are usually younger than 50 years of age and the lesions are typically due to congenital malformations. Although overt bleeding due to angiodysplasia can be significant, it is normally sporadic and painless. In elderly patients, the most obvious symptoms due to angiodysplasia are weakness, fatigue, and shortness of breath caused by anemia.
For some patients, there may be no signs of overt bleeding directly from the colon, instead such patients may present with dark or black, tarry stools. Other patients may have occasional bleeding episodes with bright red blood from the rectum. Although bleeding will normally stop spontaneously in more than 90% of patients, it usually reoccurs. Mortality due to angiodysplasia, although rare, is related to the severity of bleeding and is impacted by patient age, hemodyamic instability, and the presence of other comorbid conditions.
Angiodysplasia along with diverticulosis and adenocarcinomia of the colon should be part of the differential diagnosis when a patient presents with unexplained iron deficiency anemia and/or a positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT). However, since bleeding due to angiodysplasia can be sporadic, the FOBT may, at times, be negative. Angiodysplasia can also be an incidental finding in up to 1% of elderly patients during routine colonoscopy screenings as recommended by the American College of Gastroenterology.
What Tests Should I Request to Confirm My Clinical Dx? In addition, what follow-up tests might be useful?
There are no specific laboratory tests that identify angiodysplasia. However, there are a number of tests that indicate the presence of chronic or acute GI bleeding. Approximately 10% of patients with angiodysplasia present with iron deficiency anemia, and, thus, a complete blood cell (CBC) count and serum iron levels would be useful. In addition, 10-15% of patients with angiodysplasia are intermittently positive for FOBT.
Diagnosis of angiodysplasia is usually accomplished by endoscopy, either colonoscopy or esophagogastroduodenscopy (EGD), although the lesions can be difficult to identify. With adequate bowl preparation, the sensitivity of colonoscopy for detecting angiodysplasia exceeds 80%. It is recognized by the cherry-red flat lesion(s) consisting of dilated blood vessels that radiate from a central vessel. A pale mucosal halo may also be visible around the lesion, which typically has a diameter of 2-10 mm. It is important to remember that the use of meperidine (Demerol) for sedation and analgesia may transiently diminish mucosal blood flow, which decreases the sensitivity of colonoscopy to detect angiodysplasia.
It has also been found that, in patients who have received meperidine, administration of naloxone can enhance the lesion(s) due to angiodysplasia. Unfortunately, administration of naloxone can result in discomfort to the patient when the procedure is prolonged by therapeutic intervention.
A relatively new technique, pill enteroscopy, has been a major advance in diagnosis of bleeding disorders of the GI track, especially in the small bowl, which is difficult to reach with traditional endoscopy. With this technique, a pill containing a video camera and radio transmitter is swallowed and pictures of the small intestine are sent to a receiver worn by the patient. However, if a lesion is identified, additional diagnostic/therapeutic techniques, such as double-balloon enteroscopy, which is a technique involving a long endoscopic camera and overtube filled with balloons, is still be required.
In cases with negative endoscopic finding but with a high clinical suspicion of angiodysplasia, selective angiography of the mesenteric arteries may be necessary. However, this technique is only useful if active bleeding is occurring during the test and, thus, has a sensitivity of only 58-86%.
Are There Any Factors That Might Affect the Lab Results?
Iron deficiency anemia will occur anytime a patient does not have enough iron to produce hemoglobin. As such, any condition that causes blood loss, such as peptic ulcer, hiatal hernia, colorectal cancer, or a lack of or the inability to absorb iron in a patient’s diet, will lead to a decrease in the iron stores, resulting in a hypochromic, microcytic anemia. GI bleeding can also be a result of regular aspirin use or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
The FOBT test can have false positive results if patients do not adhere to special diets (i.e., meat free and without vegetables, such as turnips and horseradish, that have peroxidase activity) and avoid excess levels (>250 mg/day) of vitamin C for at least 72 hours prior to testing. As mentioned, aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may cause bleeding in the GI track and should be avoided for 7 days prior to testing. In addition, with this test, it can be difficult to obtain patient compliance, as 3 separate stool specimens at least 1 day apart are recommended for optimal results. A positive FOBT is made by observing a color change in the presence of added hydrogen peroxide when the peroxidase in the fecal blood catalyzes the oxidation of guaiac.
The fecal immunochemical test, also called an immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT), is a newer test that also detects occult blood in the stool. This test is specific for human hemoglobin, which is found in red blood cells, and will not react with animal hemoglobin. The iFOBT is done essentially the same way as the FOBT, but patients may find it easier, because there are no dietary restrictions. However, patients should still refrain from ingesting aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The iFOBT is also less likely to react to bleeding from parts of the upper GI track, such as the stomach.
What Lab Results Are Absolutely Confirmatory?
The Gold standard for the diagnosis of angiodysplasia is endoscopy, either colonoscopy or EGD.
Additional Issues of Clinical Importance
Bleeding from angiodysplasia lesions in both the upper and lower GI track has been reported in patients with von Willebrand disease. Since both von Willebrand disease and angiodysplasia have an underlying endothelial defect, there has been a link proposed between the 2 disorders. However, similar to patients with chronic renal failure requiring dialysis, a coagulopathy is more likely responsible for bleeding than an actual link.
Angiodysplasia has also been reported associated with aortic stenosis, although the bleeding is probably due to an underlying undiagnosed angiodysplasia and the result of a hematologic defect, such as a significant reduction/lack in high molecular weight von Willeband factor multimers, rather than an actual link. Patients with CREST, a form of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), may also have a higher incidence of angiodysplasia throughout the GI track.
Errors in Test Selection
As mentioned, endoscopy, either colonoscopy or EGD, is considered the Gold standard for the diagnosis of angiodysplasia. Errors may be made if the patient is not prepared properly, which will impede observation of the upper and lower GI mucosa.
Copyright © 2017, 2013 Decision Support in Medicine, LLC. All rights reserved.
No sponsor or advertiser has participated in, approved or paid for the content provided by Decision Support in Medicine LLC. The Licensed Content is the property of and copyrighted by DSM. | <urn:uuid:b708d032-e753-4c1c-b227-507c321878b6> | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | https://www.clinicalpainadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/labmed/gastrointestinal-gi-angiodysplasia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570987750110.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20191020233245-20191021020745-00454.warc.gz | en | 0.934545 | 1,802 | 2.625 | 3 |
The Kurs system is the Russian automatic docking system located inside Zarya used to rendezvous with the service module for precise docking. The system encountered a minor problem in a self-test back in December which may have been caused by excessive electromagnetic interference. Yesterday's tests reconfirmed that the system is working fine and needs no maintenance work during the next Shuttle visit to the Station on STS-101.
NASA managers today approved STS-106 as the flight which will follow the launch of the service module. Seven crew members will spend a week docked to the ISS, loading supplies in the new Zvezda module and activating some of its systems.
Battery management along with planning for, and carrying out, the testing of the Kurs automatic docking system occupied much of the time of flight controllers in Houston and Moscow during the last week. The test was similar to the one run in December, but this time was conducted twice - first with the Early Communications System inside the Unity module set to high power and second with the communication system on low power. The test was conducted with the purpose of exonerating or implicating the communications systems as the source of some low level of electromagnetic interference.
Controllers continue to evaluate the health of batteries on the Station used to provide electrical power to components. Though Battery 2 has failed, the remaining five are either fully usable or can be used for short periods of time to provide the required levels of electricity to Station systems. The ISS is capable of operating fully on as few as three of its six batteries and with fewer, if necessary, by managing electrical usage on board.
The International Space Station is in an orbit of 240 by 226 statute miles. Since the launch of Zarya in 1998, the ISS has completed more than 7,105 orbits. S | <urn:uuid:39699879-e4bd-403c-86b5-b3feeb10a4d1> | CC-MAIN-2014-23 | http://www.astronautix.com/details/iss52209.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1406510274581.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20140728011754-00392-ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96287 | 360 | 2.515625 | 3 |
From the tissue that began as a World War I gas mask to the disinfectant that became a feminine hygiene product, learn the shocking, little-known histories of our everyday products.
When we reach for the stuff inside our medicine cabinets or pantries, we rarely think much about its history. But a lot of the products that we use without a second thought have unbelievable, and sometimes sexist or dangerous, origins:
Lysol Was Sold As A Feminine Hygiene Product
Lysol has perhaps undergone one of the most extreme product evolutions on this list, transforming from a harmful feminine hygiene product to a dependable household disinfectant.
Although the product had initially been marketed to reduce the probability of contracting disease, the company believed that a diluted version of it could also be used to sterilize the vagina.
Who in the Lysol company, exactly, thought it wise for women to put a toxic solution to their private parts is unclear. But Lysols’ earlier ads exploited women’s anxiety around keeping their husbands interested by marketing the product as a douching tool that would ensure “feminine daintiness” which would then protect “married happiness.”
To some extent, the product was even used as birth control, though we know now that douching with Lysol is not an effective method of birth control.
Bizarrely, it wasn’t just the company that promoted Lysol in this way. Doctors were also encouraging its use for mothers in labor as a way to “reduce the amount of infectious matter” carried into the uterus during birth.
Of course, the truth was that Lysol’s toxic ingredients were completely unsafe to use on women’s bodies, let alone their most private parts. Its earlier formula contained crestol, a harsh antiseptic that caused burning and inflammation which led to hundreds of poisonings — and five deaths — as a result of women douching with it.
Good thing we now know better. | <urn:uuid:d8b1cb13-10f4-490e-b957-9f7f0baf5e18> | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | https://allthatsinteresting.com/shocking-origins-household-products | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107894175.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20201027111346-20201027141346-00144.warc.gz | en | 0.974823 | 409 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Water of Life project update: donations have been slower lately, we are pushing through, however, all the way until November 1st. We have been looking at maps and talking about areas and regions that look like they would have remote access, if any, to clean water. A wonderful geography experience of learning about different biomes, and environments. If you would like to contribute to our clean water project, you may click on the donate button below. $1, $5, $15, or more can all help another person receive access to clean safe drinking water.
We like to follow the Hebraic calendar. God set up the months in the Old Testament, His monthly cycle of blessing. Builder and Princess have started learning about each month and its key focus. We are now in the month of Tishrei, the 7th month of the Hebraic calendar. I have made (am making) a conversation coloring sheet for each month. These sheets include representations of key points for each month. As they are coloring the sheets, we discuss some of the aspects of the current month.
Happy New Year
Even though it is the 7th month, this is the beginning of the Hebraic year. This is the time to restart, refocus, renew for the coming year.
The Month of the Strong
In the Bible, Tishrei is described as “the month of the strong”, or “the month of the ancients”.
The Fall Feasts
Tishrei contains three important times: Feast of Trumpets, Day of Atonement, Feast of Tabernacles (or Feast of Booths). The Feast of Trumpets calls in the new year by sounding the silver trumpets and/or shofars. The Day of Atonement is when we come before God, seeking what it is that He would desire to cleanse us from. The Feast of Tabernacles is a time of celebration remembering how God brought the Israelites out of Egypt and how they lived in temporary dwellings. (click here for a post on the Feast of Tabernacles)
Each month is associated with a tribe, Tishrei is associated with Ephraim. Ephraim means “double fruit”. This is a month of double portion. During this month, watch for the double portion of God.
Each tribe and month is associated with a constellation. It makes sense that this month is connected with the Libra constellation. This constellation pictures judgement scales, just as the month of Tishrei largely focuses on the judgement that Jesus paid for us. Bringing ourselves before the throne of God to allow Him to refine us by the blood of the Lamb, continues to bless His heart and ours.
This has been a fun learning process for us. We also like to look in the Bible and see different things that happened in each month. It is fun to find the times where the Bible says “in the seventh month”, because now we have a reference for when that is! For more information on the Hebraic months and their focus, I would recommend Dr. Robert Heidler’s book A Time to Advance. | <urn:uuid:39cd7cbd-9d0d-47ca-9534-53ec579140ff> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | https://thelearningleaf.wordpress.com/tag/tishrei/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347439928.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20200604094848-20200604124848-00132.warc.gz | en | 0.954097 | 657 | 2.9375 | 3 |
With the development of renewable energy sources, it is necessary to find a way to store energy efficiently, due to its unstable nature. This is why many concepts were created, yet most of them being pretty expensive investments. It turns out that already existing skyscrapers can help. This would be achieved by means of elevators, robots and empty apartments.
Gravitational energy storage is a well-known concept. However, scientists have figured out a way to use skyscrapers and abandoned apartments for this purpose.
The idea seems simple. The “Lift Energy Storage Technology” system developed by Julian David Hunt’s team, in which Dr. Eng. Jakub Jurasz from the Wrocław University of Technology and dr inż. Paweł Dąbek from the University of Life Sciences in Wrocław, assumes the use of the existing lifts and apartments for energy storage in the form of transporting loads to high floors.
The assumption is that lifts will transport high-density products, such as wet sand, when the generation of electricity from renewable energy sources is high. Transporting the load upstairs would consume the electricity produced. On the other hand, lowering the charges would generate energy.
Cargo transportation would take place when the lifts are not used by people. What to do with the loads when they are at the top? The idea of scientists is that they will be stored in empty premises in high-rise buildings. Autonomous robots would transport them to them.
The issue with this project appears to be cost effectiveness. The mere use of existing infrastructure makes this storage concept quite cheap. On the other hand, problems may concern, for example, the durability of buildings. There is a risk that a significant weight on high floors would translate into damage to ceilings or walls.
For 5,000 containers with dimensions of 0.5 by 0.5 by 2 meters, 5 thousand. tons of sand and for ten autonomous robots the cost of the project would oscillate around 70 thousand. dollars. In terms of kilowatt hours, that’s $ 64 per kilowatt hour. A typical battery will cost $ 120 per kilowatt hour.
Further development of the concept may make it profitable. However, it should be taken into account that the costs of operating such a warehouse include, for example, the price of renting empty apartments for storing containers, or possible costs related to the redevelopment of the premises. The idea itself seems to be interesting, however, and would be an alternative to classic energy storage systems. | <urn:uuid:a77c5fb9-576f-4c4c-8aa3-b127545b48de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://techblog.kozminski.edu.pl/tag/green-energy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00652.warc.gz | en | 0.955631 | 521 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Pins are typically used under primarily shear loading. They are separated into two groups: semipermanent and quick release.
These general design rules apply to all types of semipermanent pins:
- Avoid conditions where the direction of vibration parallels the pin axis.
- Keep the shear plane of the pin a minimum distance of one diameter from the pin end.
- Allow pins to protrude the length of the chamfer at each end for maximum locking effect in applications where engaged length is at a minimum and appearance is not critical.
Removal and installation of semipermanent pins require the application of pressure or the aid of tools. The two basic types of semipermanent pins are machine pins and radial-locking pins.
Machine pins are separated into four categories: dowel, taper, clevis, and cotter.
Hardened and ground dowel pins are standardized in nominal diameters ranging from 1/16 to 7/8 in. Standard pins are 0.0002 in. oversize on the nominal diameter; oversize pins are 0.001 in. oversize.
Standardized pin lengths vary with nominal diameter, ranging from a minimum of 3/16 in. (1/16-in. size) to a maximum of 5 in. (7/8-in. size).
Some dowel pins are threaded and tapered for use with a tapered sleeve. The threaded section allows the pin to be pulled from the sleeve, and a special sleeve puller removes the sleeve. This reusable dowel-and-sleeve combination can properly align holes as much as 0.001 in. oversize. It is said to speed machine-shop operations by eliminating knockout holes, eliminating the need to turn dies to remove dowels, and enabling machinists to remove and replace die sections while the die is in the press.
Taper pins have a taper of … in./ft measured on the diameter. Basic dimension is the diameter of the large end. Diameter d of the small end is given by d = D - 0.02083 L where D = diameter of the large end, in., and L = pin length, in.
The standardized series of numbered pin sizes ranges from No. 7/0 (0.0625-in. large end) to No. 10 (0.7060-in. large end).
Clevis pins have nominal diameters from 3/16 to 1 in. Corresponding shank lengths vary from 19/32 in. for 3/16-in. size to 2 5/8 in. for 1-in. size. Standard material is steel, either soft or cyanide hardened to meet service conditions.
Cotter pins come in a number of point styles and have been standardized into 18 sizes with nominal diameters ranging from 1/32 to in. Available materials include mild steel, brass, bronze, stainless steel, and aluminum.
Radial-locking pins include grooved and spiral-wrapped types. Grooved straight pins have a locking action provided by parallel, longitudinal grooves uniformly spaced around the pin surface. Rolled or pressed into solid pin stock, the grooves expand the effective pin diameter. When the pin is driven into a drilled hole slightly larger than the nominal pin diameter, elastic deformation of the raised groove edges produces a secure force fit with the hole wall.
Standard groove-pin sizes cover a range of nominal diameters from 1/32 to in. with lengths from 1/8 to 4 in. Materials include cold-drawn, alloy, and stainless steels, and copper alloys.
Low-carbon-steel groove pins have load capacity in single shear from 110 lb for a 3/64-in. size to 10,300 lb for a -in. size. Higher shear strength may be obtained from heat-treated pins.
Locking force developed by a groove-pin assembly is a function of pin diameter and effective length of engagement. Best results under average assembly conditions are obtained with holes drilled the same size as the nominal pin diameter. Undersize holes must be avoided. This practice can lead to deformation of the pin in assembly, damage to hole walls, and shearing off the raised groove edges, thus reducing holding action and preventing reuse of the pin.
When the part material is appreciably harder than that of the pin, chamfered or rounded hole edges should be specified to avoid shearing the expanded pin section. Shearing also may be avoided by using through or case-hardened pins. Hardness of the pin and the metal fastened should be equal.
Spring pins use the resilience of hollow cylinder walls to hold in place. The two main types are spiral-wrapped and slotted tubular pins. Both pin forms are made to controlled diameters greater than the holes into which they are pressed. Compressed when driven into the hole, the pins exert spring pressure against the hole wall along their entire engaged length to develop locking action.
Spiral-wrapped or coiled pins come in standard sizes that cover a range of nominal diameters from 1/32 to 3/4 in., in lengths from 1/8 to 6 in. Metric diameters range from 0.8 to 20 mm. Standard materials are: 70/30 brass, copper alloy 25, heat-treated 1070 to 1095, carbon steel, stainless steel (302 and 402), and 6150 alloy steel.
Locking force of a spiral-wrapped pin is a function of length of engagement, pin diameter, and wall thickness. Pins are available for light, medium, and heavy-duty applications.
Slotted tubular pins come in standard sizes from 1/16 to in. and lengths from 1/8 to 5 in. Standard materials are heat-treated carbon steel, corrosion-resistant steel, and beryllium copper. Readily adaptable to manual assembly techniques, these pins offer a tough, resilient, self-locking fastener that can withstand high shock and vibration loads.
Spiral-wrapped pins have an advantage over slotted pins in automatic assembly because they cannot interlock during feeding. They may also resist vibration and absorb shock better than slotted pins because the coil design can flex after assembly, while the slotted version cannot flex after the gap is closed.
For maximum shear strength, the pin should be assembled so that the gap is in line with the direction of load and 180° away from the point of application. The maximum shear strength value provided by this orientation represents an increase of about 6% over the minimum value. | <urn:uuid:79eef940-864b-431b-9732-bdeac0f4f1f2> | CC-MAIN-2015-48 | http://machinedesign.com/print/basics-design/semipermanent-pins | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398452385.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205412-00007-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905314 | 1,353 | 3 | 3 |
The deadly coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread all over the world in recent weeks — a global pandemic we never saw coming. On Sunday 22 March, the total cases in South Africa rose to 274. As the number grows, so does our paranoia about contracting the virus. Should we worry about our pets too?
Now that most of us are self-isolating and practising social-distancing, we are spending more time with our pets which is a wonderful thing but there could very well be a downside.
Can we give coronavirus to our pets? Can they give it to us? Should we be taking precautions in our interactions with them? Here’s everything you need to know about having a loving and safe exchange with your furry friend.
Can our pets contract the coronavirus?
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there is no evidence that a dog, cat or any pet can transmit the coronavirus.
“COVID-19 is mainly spread through droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks. To protect yourself, clean your hands frequently and thoroughly,” it said.
This, even though a dog was thought to have passed away due to the coronavirus in Hong Kong.
“WHO continues to monitor the latest research on this and other COVID-19 topics and will update as new findings are available,” it added.
If you think you’re infected, should you keep your distance?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), if you suspect you have coronavirus or tested positive for the virus, it is recommended you keep your distance from your pets, as you would any other human being.
“It is still recommended that people with the virus limit contact with animals until more information is known,” said the CDC.
“When possible, have another member of your household care for your animals while you are sick with COVID-19. If you must care for your pet or be around animals while you are sick, wash your hands before and after you interact with them,” it added.
What to do if your pet develops an un-explained illness?
According to the Global Veterinary Community (WSAVA), it is not yet known if companion animals can get infected by SARS-Cov-2 or sick with coronavirus. If your pet develops an unexplained illness and has been exposed to a person with COVID-19, talk to the public health official working with the person with COVID-19.
If your area has a public health veterinarian, the public health official will consult with them or another appropriate official. If the state public health veterinarian, or another public health official, advises you to take your pet to a veterinary clinic, call your veterinary clinic before you go to let them know that you are bringing a sick pet that has been exposed to a person with COVID-19.
This will allow the clinic time to prepare an isolation area. | <urn:uuid:dd4ce25c-e1b8-4594-aa71-802948b1b6f9> | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/can-pets-get-spread-coronavirus-2020/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487630081.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20210625085140-20210625115140-00123.warc.gz | en | 0.949665 | 626 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Protecting Froward Point and its gun battery
In 1982 the National Trust acquired Froward Point in South Devon. The site included land for the South West Coast Path and a Second World War gun battery built in 1942 to protect Dartmouth and Start Bay from attack.
The gun is a 6” calibre gun, weighing between 1½ and 2 tonnes, and reportedly had a range of 14 miles. When at full capacity, the battery was manned by up to 200 soldiers from a mixture of regiments: 52nd Bedford regiment, 556 Royal Artillery and 363 Royal Artillery. As the battery fell into disuse, the gun fell down the cliff and now lies half-buried, decaying and virtually unrecognisable in the mud.
The team at Froward Point need between £2000 and £3000 to bring the gun back up the cliff, preserve it to prevent further decay and to put in on display at the Froward Point Battery. From there it’ll be back to its original place and help visitors to understand a snapshot of history from the story of the defence Devon coastline.
Our coast has incredible stories to tell, from the people who lived and worked around to the way in which elements have shaped it over the years. If we don’t understand and capture these many stories there is a risk they will be lost forever.
Play your part
The National Trust is a conservation charity that cares for over 300 miles of coast across the South West.
Please play your part in helping increase the understanding and enjoyment of our special coastline by sending a donation today to:justgiving.com/swcoast by calling 0344 800 1895 or by texting NTCOAST to 70123 to donate £3*
*This is a charity donation service. You will be charged £3 plus one message at your standard network rate. The National Trust will receive 100% of your donations. If you’d rather we didn’t contact you in future, text NOCOMMS NT to 70060. If you wish to discuss this mobile payment call 0203 282 7863. | <urn:uuid:1ab822d6-2515-4d6d-b1c8-532fdc2817ee> | CC-MAIN-2017-34 | https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/features/protecting-froward-point-and-its-gun-battery | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886105297.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170819031734-20170819051734-00082.warc.gz | en | 0.941236 | 431 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Remove the cover-slip from the cell by the aid of the forceps.
Clif had not noticed it, but there was another door to that cell.
The 186 colonel summoned the sheriff, who took Joe to his cell.
In the corner of the cell there was a board let into the stonework.
It is some one pacing the cell at the further end of the passage.
It was the next day that Robert Fairfax saw him in his cell.
It is always twilight in one's cell, as it is always twilight in one's heart.
The other side of the partition, forming the top of the cell, is flat and rough.
At the same time, he sent the two men to examine the prisoner's cell.
He sat crosslegged in a corner of the cell and closed his eyes.
cell c.1131, "small room," from L. cella "small room, hut," related to L. celare "to hide, conceal," from PIE base *kel- "conceal" (cf. Skt. cala "hut, house, hall;" Gk. kalia "hut, nest," kalyptein "to cover," koleon "sheath," kelyphos "shell, husk;" L. cella "store room," clam "secret;" O.Ir. cuile "cellar," celim "hide," M.Ir. cul "defense, shelter;" Goth. hulistr "covering," O.E. heolstor "lurking-hole, cave, covering," Goth. huljan "cover over," hulundi "hole," hilms "helmet," halja "hell," O.E. hol "cave," holu "husk, pod"). Earliest sense is for monastic rooms, then prison rooms (1722). ...Used in biology 17c., but not in modern sense until 1845. Meaning "small group of people working within a larger organization" is from 1925. Cell body is from 1878; cell division from 1882; cell membrane from 1870; cell wall from c.1848. | <urn:uuid:53ef73c3-6fee-4185-94c7-1ca07920113e> | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | https://www.bangla-english.com/en-bn/cell | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657146247.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20200713162746-20200713192746-00030.warc.gz | en | 0.972871 | 455 | 2.828125 | 3 |
What’s an ‘Output gap’?
Well, it’s the latest phrase being used by ‘Born-again Keynesians’ to argue there won’t be any inflation.
We say ‘latest,’ but the idea has been around for years. It’s just that now is the time that mainstream economists need to use it to back up their anti-inflationary case.
Your editor was kindly supplied with the following chart over the weekend by a Money Morning reader…
Evidently it is from an email sent out by Macquarie Group interest rate strategist Rory Robertson. According to Robertson, because the green line is so far below the zero line, inflation won’t be a problem until it rises above the green line.
The argument seems to be that because there is so much ‘slack’ in the economy, price pressures will be downward rather than up.
Or, to put it another way, supply exceeds demand, so prices must surely fall.
But rather than rely on your editor for a real definition of the ‘output gap’, why don’t we hand it over to the ‘experts.’ In this case, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ):
“The output gap is the difference between demand and supply and the economy’s capacity to supply. This is the difference between the ‘actual’ level of output (GDP) and the economy’s ‘potential’ level of output (potential GDP).”
Got that? Sounds simple enough. But there’s nothing like a diagram to hit it home, so here goes, plus a bit more detail from the RBNZ:
“If the economy is running above capacity (GDP > potential GDP) the output gap is positive. Conversely, if the economy is running below its full capacity (GDP < potential GDP) the output gap will be negative.”
We’ll be honest. We don’t get it. Or rather, we do get it, but we don’t quite see how this backs up the theory that inflation isn’t an issue.
According to the argument of Robertson and others, until the red line in the diagram above crosses back over the blue line so there is a positive output gap, then inflation is of no concern whatsoever.
Or as Robertson argued in a note to clients last week:
“To me, the idea that controlled and modest “money printing” designed to stop the financial sector from imploding will somehow – magically – turn the economic problem from potential deflation to excess inflation seems ridiculous. Get a grip – it’s not happening.”
Ah, so “modest” money printing is fine. Which means immodest money printing is not fine? Could that be because expanding the money supply is inflation? So therefore printing money does cause rising prices.
Hmmm. We think Robertson needs to get his story straight. Is ‘money printing’ good or bad?
As we see it – and as per usual, we’re happy to be proved wrong – there are at least a couple of problems with the ‘output gap’ theory.
The obvious one is that it relies on – dare we say it – unreliable data, namely GDP figures. Look at the fuss caused in recent months over whether Australia is in a recession, a technical recession, recessionly technical or just… fine because Australia is different.
Secondly, we’re trying to grasp the concept of “Actual GDP” and “Potential GDP.” Isn’t GDP supposed to be the economic output of an economy? If that’s the case then it is what it is. You can’t have potential GDP and actual GDP. It’s just GDP.
Potentially, your editor could become a full forward for Collingwood. But due to our complete inability to kick an Australian Rules football we’ve got little chance of achieving this.
But using the output gap theory, my ‘potential’ as an AFL footballer would be valid if we compared our actual output (writing newsletters) to our potential output (kicking footballs).
What counts as potential? Are there degrees of potential?
It just doesn’t make sense – and maybe our football analogy doesn’t either, but hopefully you get the point!
The other problem with the ‘output gap’ theory is the idea that because the economy is operating below capacity then it’s impossible for prices to rise.
Again, this is incorrect. And it’s wrong on two counts. First, while it is true that oversupply will always lead to a falling price, it is not the case if supply falls in line with demand.
The argument put forward by the anti-inflationists seems to believe that business will continue to produce excess supplies which will force prices down. If businesses do so then they are heading for trouble. We would hope that any business worth its salt would see that demand has slipped and will therefore pare back production.
This will lead to a price equilibrium of supply and demand, and prices will stabilize, and potentially if businesses cut back too far.
But there’s a further complication…
You see, after experiencing a boom, it is logical that there should be a bust. Only the “controlled and modest” money printing, government bail-outs and cash bribes is trying to prevent that.
So, it is possible that due to government stimulus packages, prices will not fall as consumer demand slips, and that businesses will continue to produce either to benefit from government spending or because they are seeing false signs of a recovering economy – because of the government spending.
So, instead of prices falling to take into account a lower level of demand, prices are being propped up – especially in the housing market, but elsewhere too.
And this is where things really will start to bite. The artificial prevention of falling prices is harmful to consumers. It is making the consumer pay more for items. More than they would if prices had fallen following the end of the boom.
Now, if you’re in gainful employment then you may not see much difference. In fact, if you’re in gainful employment and you’ve got a mortgage then you could even be better off thanks to the interest rate cuts.
But what about those that have lost their job? At the moment the unemployment rate is less than 6%. Some forecasts have that reaching 9% by the end of next year. Maybe it will be somewhere in between. Maybe it will be higher. Who knows.
What we do know is that anyone who works at least one hour per week is classed as being employed. And further, if business does react to slowing demand and cut production, rising prices is inevitable as those that do have spending capacity – including government, continue to spend.
The result is a new level of demand pushing prices higher.
We’ll have more on this later in the week. In the meantime, look out for those Born-again Keynesians!
Other Stuff on the Markets
The S&P/ASX200 gained 1.24% on Friday, while on Wall Street with the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 34 points. In Europe the FTSE100 fell 0.27%, while the CAC40 slipped 1%.
The price of gold in Australian dollars is trading at $1,162.50, while in US Dollars it trading at $937.02.
The Aussie dollar remained steady versus the US dollar and Japanese Yen, trading at USD$0.8062, and JPY76.86.
Crude oil closed at USD$69.04.
For the biggest movers on the market yesterday click here…
Powered By DT Author Box
Written by Kris Sayce
Kris Sayce is Editor in Chief of Australia’s biggest circulation daily financial email — Money Morning. (You can subscribe to Money Morning for free here).
Kris is also editor of Australian Small-Cap Investigator, his small-cap stock research service, where he provides detailed analysis on some the brightest, smallest listed companies on the ASX.
If you’re already a subscriber to these publications, or want to follow his financial world view more closely, then we recommend you join Kris on Google+. It’s where he shares investment insight, commentary and ideas that he can’t always fit into his regular Money Morning essays. | <urn:uuid:dbd6a7d7-7fa5-4c8a-9cdf-5e54d311cdad> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.moneymorning.com.au/20090629/output-gap-indicates-there-wont-be-any-inflation.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699036375/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101036-00079-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939474 | 1,794 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.