language:
- zh
task_categories:
- text-classification
pretty_name: VARM-Bench
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
tags:
- abusive-language-detection
- content-moderation
- structured-reasoning
configs:
- config_name: default
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/train.jsonl
- split: validation
path: data/dev.jsonl
- split: test
path: data/test.jsonl
VARM-Bench
VARM-Bench is a Chinese abusive-speech moderation benchmark for evaluating verifiable structured reasoning. Each record links one natural-language rationale to six moderation decisions: target, target type, target explicitness, author stance, harmfulness label, and fine-grained category.
Content warning
The dataset contains abusive, discriminatory, offensive, and vulgar language. Some examples may be disturbing. Use appropriate safeguards when displaying raw records or model outputs.
Dataset splits
| Split | Rows |
|---|---|
| Train | 5,600 |
| Validation | 800 |
| Test | 1,600 |
| Total | 8,000 |
The release contains 4,400 harmful and 3,600 non-harmful records. The main splits have no normalized text overlap.
Fields
Each JSONL record contains eight fields:
text: normalized Chinese social-media text.target: shortest stable referent for the decision-relevant proposition.target_type:单一对象,群体对象, or无明确对象.target_explicitness:明示,隐含, or无明确对象.stance:攻击或认同,反对攻击,引用或转述, or中性提及.label:有害or无害.category:非攻击,一般辱骂,地域族群攻击,性别攻击,性少数攻击,阶层职业攻击, or身心疾病攻击.cot: a natural-language rationale containing the ordered anchors[T:],[TY:],[TT:],[S:],[L:], and[C:].
Loading
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("1nvis1ble/VARM-Bench")
print(dataset)
The primary files are under data/. The subsets/ directory also includes:
- 1,440 difficult non-harmful records split across train, validation, and test.
- Four overlapping lexical-cue subsets for demographic identity, social status or role, body, health or disability, and general abuse.
Intended use
VARM-Bench supports research on Chinese abusive-speech moderation, structured prediction, rationale parsing, and field-level error analysis. It is an evaluation resource, not an automated moderation policy or a substitute for human review.
Data processing
The source texts were normalized and filtered for self-contained content. URLs, markup, and unresolved personal identifiers were removed or generalized. All released records passed schema, anchor-order, cross-field consistency, duplicate, and cross-split overlap checks.
Limitations
The dataset reflects its Chinese social-media sources and annotation policy. It does not represent all dialects, communities, platforms, contexts, or moderation standards. Rationales provide inspectable task annotations; they do not reveal a model's latent reasoning process.
Authors
Mingyu Yuan, Shengtao Wen, Lingbing Guo, Zhen Bi, and Xiang Chen.
Citation
Please cite the VARM-Bench paper. Formal arXiv citation metadata will be added after the preprint is available.