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anti-infective factors.\n• Breastfeeding reduces risk of infections and is associated \nwith better cognitive development of children and provides \nlong-term health benefits (prevention of obesity and \ndiabetes).\n• Breastfeeding establishes mother-infant contact and \npromotes mother-child bonding. | [
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promotes mother-child bonding.\n• Breastfeeding helps in retraction of the uterus and \nminimizes blood loss after delivery.\n• Breastfeeding prolongs birth interval due to delayed return \nof menstruation.\n• Risk of breast cancer is lower in mothers who breastfeed \ntheir children.When to start breastfeeding and how ... | [
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their children.When to start breastfeeding and how long to continue?\n As soon as the baby is born, skin contact and \nbreastfeeding must be established at the earliest (within one \nhour of birth). Such an early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) \nfacilitates milk production and also helps in mother-infant | [
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facilitates milk production and also helps in mother-infant \nbonding. Also, putting the baby to breast immediately after \nbirth helps uterus to contract firmly and reduces blood loss \nafter delivery. Colostrum is the first milk secreted during the \nfirst 3–4 days after birth; and should be fed to the newborn | [
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first 3–4 days after birth; and should be fed to the newborn \nimmediately after birth. Colostrum should not be discarded. \n Avoid feeding honey, glucose, water, or dilute milk \nformula before initiation of breastfeeding and anytime during \nthe first 6 months. The newborn should be encouraged to | [
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the first 6 months. The newborn should be encouraged to \nsuckle at mother's breast which helps in increasing milk \nsecretion. Emotional \nQuotient of the \nbreastfed infants is \nbetter than the non-\nbreastfed infants. \n Ensure\x01exclusive\x01breastfeeding\x01\nfor\x01the\x01first\x01six\x01months\x01and\x01conti... | [
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breastfeeding\x01till\x01two\x01years\x01and\x01beyondGUIDELINE\x013\n\x01\x01RATIONALE\nExclusive\x01breastfeeding\x01for\x01the\x01first\x01six\x01months\x01ensures\x01\nnutritional\x01adequacy\x01for\x01infant\x01growth\x01and\x01development\x01\nand\x01also\x01the\x01health\x01of\x01the\x01mother.\nAs soon as the b... | [
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established at the earliest (within \none hour of birth). Early Initiation of \nBreast Feeding (EIBF).\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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22 Infant should \nbe exclusively \nbreastfed (EBF) for \nthe first 6 months and \nexclusively breastfed \ninfants do not need \nwater. Feeding water reduces the breast milk intake and \nincreases the risk of diarrhea and is to be totally avoided. Water \nis not required, even if the \nclimate is hot. An enabling \nenv... | [
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climate is hot. An enabling \nenvironment should be \ncreated for the mother, \nboth at home (by family \nmembers) and elsewhere \nfor promotion of optimal \nbreastfeeding. Breastfeeding \nshould be continued at least for two years.\nWhat ensures an adequate supply of breast milk?\n On-demand feeding and frequent suckl... | [
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On-demand feeding and frequent suckling ensure \noptimal breast milk production. Adequate growth of the baby \nindicates that there is adequate supply of breast milk. It is \nnecessary that a woman is emotionally prepared during the \npregnancy period for breastfeeding and is encouraged to eat a | [
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pregnancy period for breastfeeding and is encouraged to eat a \nwell-balanced diet. Anxiety and emotional disturbances must \nbe avoided, and adequate rest should be ensured. Milk \nproduction of the mother is also influenced by appropriate \nfeeding skills of the mother with respect to holding or | [
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feeding skills of the mother with respect to holding or \npositioning of the infant in her lap and latching the infant's \nmouth to the mothers' nipple. \n Frequent suckling by the baby and complete emptying of \none breast prior to offering the second one is important for \nfeeding nutrient concentrate and higher fat ... | [
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feeding nutrient concentrate and higher fat content of hind \nmilk as well as for sustaining adequate breast milk output. This \nwill also facilitate optimum consumption by the young infant. It \nis necessary to prepare the mother's breast, particularly the \nnipples, for effective breastfeeding. Expressed milk can be ... | [
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nipples, for effective breastfeeding. Expressed milk can be fed \nto a young infant within a few minutes at room temperature. A working mother can \nexpress her breast milk \nhygienically and store it \nsafely under refrigerated \noconditions (2–4 C) for upto \n8 hours.\nWhat are the common myths and problems? | [
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8 hours.\nWhat are the common myths and problems? \n Mothers usually feel breast milk is watery and less in \nquantity. A newborn's capacity to drink milk is limited as the \nstomach size is small. Hence, inadequate secretion of breast \nmilk is only a misconception and mothers should not \ndiscontinue breastfeeding. ... | [
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discontinue breastfeeding. Also, on-demand-feeding and \nfrequent suckling will ensure optimal breast milk production. \nComplete emptying of one breast is important prior to offering \nthe second breast in order to sustain adequate milk production.\n It is often misconstrued that breast milk should be | [
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It is often misconstrued that breast milk should be \ndiscontinued when it appears stained with blood. However, \nbreastfeeding should not be discontinued as the bloody stain \nwill disappear gradually. In case pain is experienced while \nbreastfeeding or blood \nstaining persists consult \nhealthcare personnel / \ndoc... | [
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healthcare personnel / \ndoctor for treatment or \nadvice. Breastfeeding \nshould be continued \nduring treatment and after.\nWhat are the advantages of breast milk? \n Breast milk contains all essential nutrients needed for an \ninfant and protects from infections. Breast milk is natural and \nmore easily digested and... | [
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more easily digested and absorbed compared to formula milk \nprepared from other sources. Colostrum, which is the milk \nsecreted during the first 3–4 days after birth, is rich in proteins, \nminerals, vitamins especially vitamin A and antibodies. In \naddition, breast milk adequately hydrates the baby, has a | [
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addition, breast milk adequately hydrates the baby, has a \nlaxative effect and prevents constipation. Breastfeeding helps \nin birth spacing by delaying further pregnancies. Emotional Avoid feeding honey, glucose, \nwater, or dilute milk formula before \ninitiation of breastfeeding and \nanytime during the first 6 mon... | [
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anytime during the first 6 months.\nGiving water in addition to \nbreastfeed in the first 6 \nmonths of EBF is not required, \neven if the climate is hot.Frequent suckling by the baby \nand complete emptying of \none breast prior to offering \nthe second one is important.\nInadequate secretion of breast \nmilk is only ... | [
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Inadequate secretion of breast \nmilk is only a misconception and \nmothers should not discontinue \nbreastfeeding.\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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23bond between mother and infant is positively influenced by \nbreastfeeding. Evidence suggests that human milk confers \nlong-term benefits such as lower risk of certain auto immune \ndiseases, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and related \ndisorders and probably some cancers. Therefore, 'breast milk is | [
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disorders and probably some cancers. Therefore, 'breast milk is \nthe best milk' for the newborn and growing infant. Breastfeeding \nis associated with better cognitive and brain development in \ninfants.\n In addition to providing nutrients, breast milk has \nseveral special components such as growth factors, enzymes, | [
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several special components such as growth factors, enzymes, \nhormones, and anti-infective factors. The amount of milk \nsecreted increases gradually in the first few days after delivery, \nreaching the peak during the second month and it is maintained \nuntil about six months. An average Indian woman secretes | [
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until about six months. An average Indian woman secretes \nabout 750ml of milk per day during the first six months and \n600ml of milk per day subsequently up to one year. \nHow does breast milk protect against infections?\n Diseases and death among breastfed infants are much \nlower than those among non-breastfed infa... | [
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lower than those among non-breastfed infants. Exclusive \nbreastfeeding protects against diarrhea and upper respiratory \ntract infections. The gut flora and the low pH of breast milk (pH \n6.36–7.36) inhibit the growth of pathogens. The prebiotic \nbifidus factor in breast milk promotes the natural gut flora. | [
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bifidus factor in breast milk promotes the natural gut flora. \nBreast milk has immunoglobulins (IgA), lactoferrin, \ncomplement factors and lactoperoxidase, which protect the \ninfant from several infections. Antibodies to E-coli and some \nviruses are found in breast milk, which protect the gut mucosa. | [
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viruses are found in breast milk, which protect the gut mucosa. \nBreastfeeding also protects infants from vulnerability to \nallergic reactions.\nWhat are the effects of maternal undernutrition on breast \nmilk?\n• The nutritional composition of breast milk is usually \nmaintained well within the normal limits, even i... | [
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moderate undernutrition.\n• However, if a mother is severely undernourished, quality \nand composition of breast milk as well as quantity may be \naffected.• Undernourished mothers should be given additional \nallowance of foods that are rich in nutrients, good quality \nproteins and essential fats (Table 3.1). | [
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proteins and essential fats (Table 3.1). \n• Provision of nutrition supplements should be initiated at \nthe earliest to fulfill her requirements as well as the baby's \nnutritional needs.\nAre medicines and addictive substances secreted in breast \nmilk?\n Many medicines (like antibiotics, painkillers and | [
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milk?\n Many medicines (like antibiotics, painkillers and \nhormones) and addictive substances (caffeine, alcohol and \npsychotropic drugs) are secreted into breast milk and could \nprove harmful to breastfed infants. Hence, caution should be \nexercised by lactating mothers and appropriate medical | [
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exercised by lactating mothers and appropriate medical \nguidance should be taken for the above referred medicines or \naddictive substances.\nShould HIV positive women breastfeed their babies?\n HIV may be transmitted from mothers to infants \nthrough breast milk. HIV positive mothers should be made | [
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through breast milk. HIV positive mothers should be made \naware of the risk of transmission of HIV through breast milk and \nits consequences. Based on the principle of informed choice, \nHIV infected women should be counseled about the risk of HIV \ntransmission through breast milk and the risks and benefits of | [
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transmission through breast milk and the risks and benefits of \neach of the feeding methods, with specific guidance in \nselecting the option that is considered to be most likely to be \nsuitable in a specific situation. However, HIV positive mothers \nliving in resource-poor settings may not have access to safe, | [
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living in resource-poor settings may not have access to safe, \nhygienic and affordable replacement feeding options. In such \nsituations, considering the important role of breast milk in child \ngrowth and development, every effort should be made to \npromote exclusive breastfeeding for up to four months | [
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promote exclusive breastfeeding for up to four months \nfollowed by weaning and complete stoppage of breastfeeding \nat six months in order to restrict transmission through \nbreastfeeding. In any case, mixed feeding ie., breastfeeding \nalong with other feeds should be strictly discouraged as it | [
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along with other feeds should be strictly discouraged as it \nincreases the risk of HIV transmission. This is in agreement with \nNational AIDS Control Organization (NACO) guidelines.\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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24Should COVID-19 positive women breastfeed their babies?\n At present, data to conclude vertical transmission of \nCOVID-19 through breastfeeding is not sufficient. In infants, \nthe risk of COVID-19 infection is low, the infection is typically \nmild or asymptomatic, while the consequences of not | [
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mild or asymptomatic, while the consequences of not \nbreastfeeding and separation between mother and child can \nbe significant. The benefits of breastfeeding and nurturing \nmother-infant interaction to prevent infection and promote | [
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mother-infant interaction to prevent infection and promote \nhealth and development are especially important when health and other community services are themselves disrupted or \nlimited. WHO recommends that mothers with suspected or \nconfirmed COVID-19 should be encouraged to initiate or \ncontinue to breastfeed.\nW... | [
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continue to breastfeed.\nWHO recommends that mothers with \nsuspected or confirmed COVID-19 \nshould be encouraged to initiate or \ncontinue to breastfeed.\nRISK OF NOT FEEDING BREAST MILK\nFor infants: Not being breastfed is associated with an increased incidence of \ninfections, higher risks of childhood obesity, typ... | [
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leukemia. In some cases, it can also lead to sudden infant death syndrome. \nFor mothers : Breastfeeding reduces risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer, \nobesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases such \nas stroke and heart attacks.\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelin... | [
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25\nPOINTS TO REGISTER\n• Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) i.e. within an hour of birth is \ncrucial.\n• Colostrum i.e. milk secreted in the first 3–4 days, is rich in nutrients and \nshould not be discarded. \n• Infants should be exclusively breastfed (EBF) for the first six months. \nDo not give any other fee... | [
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Do not give any other feed, not even water.\n• Infant should be breastfed frequently and on demand, to establish and \nmaintain adequate breast milk supply.\n• Breastfeeding should be continued in addition to nutrient-rich \ncomplementary foods (weaning foods), preferably up to two years. | [
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complementary foods (weaning foods), preferably up to two years.\n• Lactating mothers with any disease should continue breastfeeding \nunless medically advised.\n• The family should actively support breastfeeding.\n• Ensure that the mother is counseled on how to hold a baby while \nbreastfeeding. Additionally, mothers ... | [
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breastfeeding. Additionally, mothers must be informed regarding the \nappropriate method of latching the baby to breast.\n• Ensure nutritionally adequate diet is consumed both during pregnancy \nand lactation.\n• During pregnancy and lactation period, medicines can be taken only on \nphysician's advice. | [
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physician's advice.\n• A lactating mother should avoid addictive substances like tobacco \n(smoking and chewing), alcohol and psychotropic drugs. | [
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26·Breast milk alone is not adequate for the infant to sustain \noptimal growth beyond six months of age.\n·Timely introduction of complementary foods with \nappropriate quality and adequate quantity will ensure \noptimal growth.\n·Feeding of adequate and appropriate complementary \nfoods along with breastfeeding is es... | [
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foods along with breastfeeding is essential for meeting \nincreased nutrient requirements of growing infants soon \nafter completion of six months of age.\n·Breastfeeding is recommended to be continued along with \ncomplementary foods for at least up to two years. \n·During complementary feeding, hygienic practices sho... | [
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·During complementary feeding, hygienic practices should \nbe followed while preparing food and feeding in order to \nprevent diarrhea and infections.\n·Limit use of salt in complementary food preparations.\n·Avoid feeding foods and beverages with added sugar.\n Breast milk is the best and complete food for an infant. | [
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Breast milk is the best and complete food for an infant. \nHowever, often, children are solely breastfed even beyond six \nmonths in the belief that breast milk alone is adequate for a \nchild until the baby is able to pick up food and eat. Such a belief leads to poor complementary feeding practice that causes | [
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undernutrition among young children, since breast milk alone is \nnot enough to fulfill the increase in nutrition requirements for \noptimal growth and development from six months onwards. \nTherefore, complementary foods prepared appropriately \nshould be fed soon after six months. Feeding practices | [
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should be fed soon after six months. Feeding practices \ncomprising selection of foods, quantity to be fed, consistency \nof feed and frequency of feeding are crucial. \nWhat is complementary feeding?\n Breast milk (mother's milk) alone or exclusive \nbreastfeeding is not adequate for the growth and development | [
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breastfeeding is not adequate for the growth and development \nof a baby when the baby turns six months. Hence, breast milk \nshould be complemented with feeding semisolid foods to \nbreastfed infants from 6 to 12 months. \nWhy feed complementary foods and when?\n During the first six months of life, mother's milk alon... | [
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During the first six months of life, mother's milk alone or \nexclusive breastfeeding is adequate for the growth and \ndevelopment of a baby. Requirements of all nutrients per kg of \nbody weight are higher for infants as they are in a rapid growth \nphase. Moreover, the volume as well as nutrient concentrations | [
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phase. Moreover, the volume as well as nutrient concentrations \nof breast milk gets reduced from six months onwards. Hence, to Start\x01feeding\x01homemade\x01semi-solid\x01\ncomplementary\x01foods\x01to\x01the\x01infant\x01\nsoon\x01after\x01six\x01months\x01of\x01ageGUIDELINE\x014\n\x01\x01RATIONALE\nHome-made\x01pr... | [
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safe\x01and\x01healthy\x01for\x01a\x01growing\x01baby.\x01\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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27meet the higher nutrient requirements of infants from six \nmonths onwards and promote optimal growth in infants, \nbreast milk feeding needs to be complemented with feeding of \nother foods. Such food items are known as complementary \nfoods. \nWhat should be included in complementary foods?\n The total energy and p... | [
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The total energy and protein requirements for an infant \nfrom 6 to 12 months range is from 650 to 720 Kcal/day, and \n9–10.5g/day respectively. But, on an average, after six months, \nbreast milk provides about 500 Kcal and 5g protein per day, \nwhich is inadequate for optimal growth of infants after six | [
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which is inadequate for optimal growth of infants after six \nmonths of age. Hence, introduction of complementary foods \nfor six months old infants is crucial to prevent growth faltering. \nIn addition, micronutrient needs of infants are higher, about \nfive to ten times higher than adult requirements on body | [
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five to ten times higher than adult requirements on body \nweight basis. This is a very big challenge; hence, foods that are \nfed to infants need to be micronutrient-dense and should have \ngood quality protein.\n Along with cereals, nutrient dense foods such as oil seeds, \nnuts, milk, vegetables and fruits must be i... | [
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nuts, milk, vegetables and fruits must be included. Flesh foods \nand eggs or pulses such as lentils, chickpea, kidney beans, \ncowpea, black gram can be good source of proteins. Fresh fruit \njuices or fresh fruit purees can be given but fruit juices and \nsugar-sweetened beverages should be avoided. Sugar or salt | [
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sugar-sweetened beverages should be avoided. Sugar or salt \nneed not be added to complementary foods.\n Infants can be introduced to thoroughly cooked whole \neggs, fish and meat in small quantities from eight months \nonwards. If these foods are not acceptable, adequate amounts \nof pulses should be added to meet the... | [
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of pulses should be added to meet the nutrient requirements. \nInfants should also be introduced to different types of green \nleafy vegetables (GLVs), non-leafy vegetables and fruits that \nare sources of vitamins and minerals. However, be \nremembered that these should be thoroughly cooked and | [
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remembered that these should be thoroughly cooked and \nmashed before feeding. A child should not be fed a diet that is \nof liquid consistency (flows in a plate or thali) but is semisolid \n(spreads in a plate or thali). At about one year of age, a child | [
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(spreads in a plate or thali). At about one year of age, a child \nshould be introduced to the family diet. However, a child's diet should be nutritionally dense. Additional nutritious foods \nincluding milk, fruits, small amounts of nuts, oil seeds, oil/ghee \nare recommended to be added to enhance nutrient density of... | [
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the family diet. \n Adequate care should be taken when feeding a child \nduring and after diarrhoea or any infection to prevent \nmalnutrition.\nHow to introduce complementary foods to infants?\n While introducing complementary foods at six months, \nstart with thin but not watery porridge (viz, dal gruel) for 4–5 | [
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start with thin but not watery porridge (viz, dal gruel) for 4–5 \ndays and gradually increase its thickness to slurry consistency \n(well mashed/pureed foods). Include new foods (viz, rice slurry, \nmashed potato, steamed and pureed apple etc.), one at a time, \nand continue feeding it regularly for 4–5 consecutive da... | [
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and continue feeding it regularly for 4–5 consecutive days to \nestablish acceptance by the child. This will not only help the \nchild to get acclimatized to the food introduced but will also \ninform if there is any associated food intolerance or allergy. If a \nchild does not accept a specific food item, reintroduce ... | [
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child does not accept a specific food item, reintroduce after a \nfew days. If a child shows an intolerance to a specific food item \nand the intolerance persists, seek medical advice for \nappropriate diagnosis and treatment. Once ensured and \nsatisfied that an infant is accepting different foods and textures, | [
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satisfied that an infant is accepting different foods and textures, \nappropriate and suitable food mixes can be fed regularly. \nGradually, as a child grows, increase consistency of the feed \nfrom semi-solid to solid foods along with improving quantity, \nvariety, and frequency of feeding. | [
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variety, and frequency of feeding.\nMinimum acceptable diet and dietary diversity for infants and \nchildren in India: A child is considered to have the minimum \nacceptable diet when, along with continuation of breastfeed, \nthe child is fed adequate food items in terms of both quality and \nfrequency of feeding. A ch... | [
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frequency of feeding. A child may be considered to have \nminimum dietary diversity (MDD) when the complementary \nfoods include at least the following five foods everyday. \n1) cereals / millets; 2) pulses / egg / meat; 3) nuts and oilseeds; \n4) breast milk / milk and milk products; 5) vegetables... | [
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4) breast milk / milk and milk products; 5) vegetables / GLVs and \nfruits. It is recommended to avoid sugar and reduce salt intake \nto the bare minimum. \nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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28Minimum meal frequency: The minimum number of meals \napart from breastfeeding needed for the child vary depending \non the age of the child and whether the child is currently \nbreastfed. During 6–8 months of age, a breastfed child needs \nto be given complementary feeds at least twice a day and | [
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to be given complementary feeds at least twice a day and \nduring 9–24 months, this frequency needs to be increased to at \nleast three times a day. Non-breastfed children aged 6–24 \nmonths need to be fed at least four times in a day in addition to \nmilk (Figures 4.1 to 4.4).Home-made complementary foods are nutritio... | [
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Complementary foods can be prepared at home from \ncommonly used ingredients (mentioned above). Home \nprepared foods are not only nutritious but are also easily \ndigestible by infants and children. Benefits of home-made \ncomplementary foods outweigh that is provided by \ncommercially prepared foods. Some examples of... | [
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commercially prepared foods. Some examples of home-made \ncomplementary foods are given in Figures 4.5 & 4.6. Processed \nfoods and foods that are high in fats, salt and sugar (HFSS) must \nbe avoided (example: biscuits, chips).\nFigure 4.1. Diet chart for infants (6–8 months)\n* Calories from suggested complementary ... | [
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* Calories from suggested complementary foods is 230 Kcal/day.\n The balance 420 Kcal will be from breast milk, making a total of 650 Kcal/day(Total calories required is \n650 Kcal/day)*Mid morning (10–1 am)\nRice with dalMid morning (10–11 am)\nRice with dal\nAfternoon (1 pm)\nEvening (4–5pm)\nKichdi(Rice 10g, Redgra... | [
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-0.1070... |
Kichdi(Rice 10g, Redgram dal 5g\nSpinach 20g, Oil/ghee 5g)\nBanana or steamed & \nmashed apple (40g)Breast milkBreast milk\nBreast milkBreast milkBreast milk\nBreast milk\nBreast milkBreast milk\nWheat 10g, Rajmah 5g, \nAmaranth 20g, Oil/ghee 5g\nNote: Avoid use of salt and sugar in the recipes | Quantities indica... | [
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Timings mentioned are for suggestive purpose only. Complementary foods should be given along with breast milk\nAfternoon (1 pm)\nEvening (4–5pm)\nWheat 10g, Chana dal 5g\nBottle gourd 25g; \nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20gNutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g, Nuts 5g\nFruits 20gRice 10g, Redgram dal 5g\nSpinach 20g; Oil/ghee 5g, | [
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Fruits 20gRice 10g, Redgram dal 5g\nSpinach 20g; Oil/ghee 5g,\nGroundnut 5g; Fruits 20gFigure 4.2. Diet chart for Infants (9–12 months)\n(Total calories required is \n720 Kcal/day)*\n* Calories from suggested complementary foods is 385 Kcal/day. \nThe balance 335 Kcal will be from breast milk, making a total of 720 Kca... | [
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Refer: Annexure I & II for household measures\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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29Figure 4.3. Suggested complementary food menus for Infants (6–12 months) \n6 8 Months – 9 12 Months–\nMid morning \n(10–11 am)Mid morning \n(10–11 am)Evening \n(4–5pm)Evening \n(6 pm)Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun\nRice 10g, Red gram dal 5g\nSpinach 20g, \nGroundnut 5g\nOil/ghee 5g; Fruits 20gCereals/Nutricereals 15g\n... | [
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-0.05244... |
Any dal 10g\nGroundnut 5g, Fruits 20g\nCereals/Nutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g \nGroundnut 5g, Fruits 20g\nCereals/Nutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g \nAlmonds 5g, Fruits 20gCereals/Nutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g \nGroundnut 5g, Fruits 20g\nCereals/Nutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g \nCashew nuts 5g, \nFruits 20g\nCereals/Nutricere... | [
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-0... |
Cereals/Nutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g \nCoconut 5g, Fruits 20g\nCereals/Nutricereals 15g\nAny dal 10g \nGroundnut 5g, Fruits 20gRice 10g\nRed gram dal 5g\nBeans 25g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nBajra 10g\nGreen gram dal 5g/ \nFish 20g, Ridge gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g; Fruits 20gRagi 10g,\nCowpea 5g/*egg 20g\nMethi 20g, Thil... | [
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Methi 20g, Thil 5g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nRice 10g\nLentil 5g, Beans 25g\nOil/ghee 5g\nFruits 20g\nRice Flakes 10g\nBlack gram dal 5g\nMint Leaves 20g, Thil 5g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nWheat 10g, Rajmah 5g\nAmaranth 20g\nPista 5g; Oil/ghee 5g\nFruits 20g\nRagi 10g, Cowpea 5g\nMethi 20g\nThil 5g; Oil/ghee 5g\nFruits... | [
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-0.07936... |
Methi 20g\nThil 5g; Oil/ghee 5g\nFruits 20gRice 10g\nBlack gram dal 5g/\nFish 20g; Beans 25g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20gWheat 10g\nChana dal 5g/meat 20g\nBottle gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nWheat 10g; Chana dal 5g\nColocasia leaves 20g\nCashew nuts 5g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nBajra 10g, Chana dal 5g/\nFish 20g; Sp... | [
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0.003953763283789158,
-0.0815064... |
Bajra 10g, Chana dal 5g/\nFish 20g; Spinach 20g\nWalnuts 5g\nOil/ghee 5g; Fruits 20g\nMaize 10g\nKidney Beans 5g/Egg 20g\nIvy gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nWheat 10g Chana dal 5g/\nchicken 20g\nBottle gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g, Fruits 20g\nMon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat SunRice 10g\nRed gram dal 5g\nSpinach 20g\nOil/ghee 5... | [
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0.08373448997735977,
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-0.0533530... |
Spinach 20g\nOil/ghee 5g\nRagi 10g\nCowpea 5g/*egg 20g\nMethi 20g\nOil/ghee 5g\nRice Flakes 10g\nBlack gram dal 5g\nMint leaves 20g\nOil/ghee 5g\nWheat 10g\nRajmah 5g/ *egg 20g\nAmaranth 20g\nOil/ghee 5g\nRagi 10g\nCowpea 5g\nMethi 20g\nOil/ghee 5gWheat 10g\nChana 5g\nColocasia leaves 20g\nOil/ghee 5g\nBajra 10g\nChana... | [
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-0... |
Oil/ghee 5g\nBajra 10g\nChana dal 5g/*egg 20g\nMalabar Spinach 20g\nOil/ghee 5gRice 10g\nRed gram dal 5g\nBeans 25g\nOil/ghee 5g\nBajra 10g\nGreen gram dal 5g\nRidge gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g\nRice 10g\nLentil 5g\nBeans 25g\nOil/ghee 5g\nRice 10g\nBlack gram dal 5g\nBeans 25g\nOil/ghee 5gWheat 10g\nChana 5g/ *egg 20g\nBot... | [
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0.044668328016996384,
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0.0009221739019267261,
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Chana 5g/ *egg 20g\nBottle gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g\nMaize 10g\nKidney Beans 5g/\n*egg 20g; Ivy gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5g\nWheat 10g\nChana dal5g/*egg 20g\nBottle gourd 25g\nOil/ghee 5gSteamed & \nMashed Apple\n(50 g)\nMashed\nchikoo/sapota\n(50 g)\nWatermelon \n(50 g)\nMashed\nbanana\n(50 g)Orange\n(50 g)\nMashed \npapaya ... | [
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0.036090653389692307,
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0.058184340596199036,
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0.010255491361021996,
0.11241297423839569,
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-0.05139566957950592,
-0... |
(50 g)\nMashed \npapaya \n(50 g)\nMashed \nmango\n(50 g)Afternoon\n(1 pm)Afternoon\n(1 pm)\nTimings mentioned are for suggestive purpose only | Quantities indicated are for raw ingredients | Total calorie (energy) required is 650 to 720 Kcal/day and | [
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0.006118222139775753,
0.04145539551973343,
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-... |
protein is 9 to 10.5 g/day | Suggested complementary food provides (Incl. fruits) provides 230 Kcal/day (6–8months) to 385 Kcal/day (9–12 months); The balance 420 Kcal (6–8m) \nand 335 Kcal (9–12m) will be from breast milk, making a total of 650 Kcal/day and 720 Kcal/day respectively | * Soft boiled | [
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0.02137199230492115,
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Total protein provided by complementary food is 9 to >10.5g/day | Added sugar must be totally avoided for children below 2 years \nNote: Breast milk should be continuedRefer: Annexure I & II for household measures\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
0.007105028256773949,
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0.0513879731297493,
0.0542285293340683,
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0.08950423449277878,
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0.05587748438119888,
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-0.0723961889743805,
-0.035235... |
30Figure 4.4. Suggested food groups to be included in daily menus of >1 year old children \n(Energy 1110 Kcal & Protein 36.7g)\nSuggested foods provide approximately 1110 Kcal/day | Total protein provides 13% Kcal/day from the suggested diet | Quantities indicated are for raw ingredients | [
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0.07914132624864578,
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Timings mentioned are for suggestive purpose only | *Soft boiled | Added sugar must be totally avoided for children below two years \nNote: Breast milk should be continuedMorning \n(8–9 am)Early morning \n(6–7 am)Evening \n(4–5pm)\nDinner\n(7–8pm)\nMon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun\nMilk 150 mlMilk 150 ml\nBajra 40g, ... | [
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0.0... |
Milk 150 mlMilk 150 ml\nBajra 40g, Red gram 15g\nSpinach 25g, Tomato 35, Oil/ghee 7g\nFruits 25g\nRagi 40g, Cowpea 15g / Chicken 25g\nMethi 25g, Tomato 35, Oil/ghee 7g\nFruits 25g\nRice flakes 40g, Black gram 15g/ Fish 25g, \nMethi leaves 25g, Tomato 35g \nOil/ghee 7g, Fruits 25g\nWheat 40g, Rajmah 15g / Chicken 25g\nA... | [
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0.0018551802495494485,
-0.0... |
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