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Amaranth 25g, Tomato 35g, Oil/ghee 7g\nFruits 25g\nRagi 40g, Cowpea 15g / Fish 25g\nMethi 25g, Tomato 35g, Oil/ghee 7g\nFruits 25gWheat 40g, Chana 15g / mutton 25g\nColocasia leaves 25g, Tomato 35g, \nOil/ghee 7g; Fruits 25g\nJowar 40g, Chana 15g / Fish 25g\nSpinach 25g, Tomato 35, Oil/ghee 7g\nFruits 25gRice 40g, Red ... | [
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Spinach 25g, Tomato 35, Oil/ghee 7g\nFruits 25gRice 40g, Red gram 15g\nBeans 35g, Malabar spinach 25g\nOil/ghee 7g; Fruits 25g\nBajra 40g, Green gram 15g\nRidge gourd 35g, Spinach 25g\nOil/ghee 7g, Fruits 25g\nRice 40g, Lentil 15g\nBeans 35g, Methi 25g\nOil/ghee 7g; Fruits 25g\nRice 40g, Blackgram 15g\nBeans 35g, Malab... | [
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Rice 40g, Blackgram 15g\nBeans 35g, Malabar spinach 25g\nOil/ghee 7g; Fruits 25gWheat 40g, Chana 15g/egg 1/2\nBottle gourd 35g, Methi 25g\nOil/ghee 7g, Fruits 25g\nMaize 40g, Kidney beans 15g / Egg 1/2 \nIvy gourd 35g, Spinach 25g\nOil/ghee 7g; Fruits 25g\nWheat 40g, Chana 15g / egg 1/2\nBottle gourd 35g, Drumstick | [
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Wheat 40g, Chana 15g / egg 1/2\nBottle gourd 35g, Drumstick \nleaves 25g, Oil/ghee 7g, Fruits 25gRice 40g, Red gram 10g\nBeans 30g, Oil/ghee 6g\nFruits 25g\nRice 40g, Lentil 10g\nBeans 30g, Oil/ghee 6g\nFruits 25g\nRice 40g, Black gram 10g\nRidge gourd 30g\nOil/ghee 6g, Fruits 25gRice 40g, Green gram 10g\nRidge gourd 3... | [
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Ridge gourd 30g\nOil/ghee 6g, Fruits 25g\nMaize 40g\nKidney beans 10g/\nIvy gourd 30g; Oil/ghee 6g\nFruits 25g\nWheat 40g, Chana 10g\nCarrot 30g, Oil/ghee 6g\nFruits 25gWheat 40g, Chana 10g/\negg 1/2, Bottle gourd 30g\nOil/ghee 6g, Fruits 25g\nNuts 10g\nLunch\n(1 pm)\nRefer: Annexure I & II for household measures | [
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Nuts 10g\nLunch\n(1 pm)\nRefer: Annexure I & II for household measures\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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31How to feed an infant?\n Infants cannot eat large quantities of food in a single meal. \nHence, they should be fed at frequent intervals (at least four \ntimes a day). Also, the food prepared for feeding should be of \nsemi-solid consistency for easy swallowing. Do not give watery \nfood such as ‘ dal kaa pani’ inst... | [
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food such as ‘ dal kaa pani’ instead give ‘mashed pulse/dals’ of a \nthicker consistency, when such semi-solid foods are offered \ninitially, the infant appears to spit it out. This should not be \nmistaken as dislike for the food. The child is learning to swallow. \nThe fact is that an infant cannot achieve full coor... | [
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The fact is that an infant cannot achieve full coordination \nneeded for the act of swallowing and hence, brings out the food \nby movements of the tongue. Therefore, it is important to start \nfeeding with semi-solid foods in small quantity (two or three \nteaspoons). Physiological maturity of swallowing of food of | [
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teaspoons). Physiological maturity of swallowing of food of \nsemi-solid consistency develops when such a food preparation \nis fed regularly. An infant should be first fed complementary \nfood and this should be followed by breastfeeding. Breastfeeds \nare often well accepted and tolerated even by sick children and | [
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are often well accepted and tolerated even by sick children and \nshould be continued as long as it is acceptable. Breast milk is \nvery beneficial for ill children since in addition to providing good \namount of nutrients, breast milk promotes sodium and water \ntransport across the gut and, thus, prevents dehydration... | [
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weight loss.\nResponsive feeding: Responsive feeding refers to the mutual \ninteraction between a parent/caregiver and a child while \nfeeding. Such interaction is often noted in Indian tradition and \nshould be actively promoted. Responsive feeding provides \nemotional support to a child and influences a child's behav... | [
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emotional support to a child and influences a child's behavior \nby promoting attentiveness and interest in feeding. It helps in \nsuccessful progression to effort at eating independently by a \nchild. Responsive feeding involves an active interaction and not \nfeeding passively while watching TV, playing with the phon... | [
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feeding passively while watching TV, playing with the phone. At \nthe same time, a child should not be controlled or force fed. A \nchild should be fed slowly and patiently. One should pay \nattention to a child's signals of hunger (sucking on the fist, \ndrooling, looking at food, etc.) and satiety (turning away, gett... | [
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drooling, looking at food, etc.) and satiety (turning away, getting \ndistracted and so on).What are the ‘hygiene practices’ to be adopted?\n Most often, diarrhea is caused by unhygienic practices \nfollowed by mothers/caregivers. It is important to ensure that \nhygienic practices are scrupulously followed. All the di... | [
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hygienic practices are scrupulously followed. All the dietary \ningredients should be thoroughly cleaned. Vegetables should \nbe washed well to remove contaminants/parasites/pesticides \nbefore cutting. Vegetables should preferably be steam-cooked \nto reduce nutrient losses due to cooking. At the time of | [
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to reduce nutrient losses due to cooking. At the time of \npreparation of food or while feeding a child, mothers/caregivers \nshould observe proper personal hygiene. Utensils used for \ncooking and feeding should be thoroughly washed. As feeding \nis likely to be time consuming, cup or plate or any other feeding | [
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is likely to be time consuming, cup or plate or any other feeding \nutensils used for feeding a child should be kept covered to \nprotect it from flies and insects.\n A variety of home-made ready to cook foods can be \nprepared for use as complementary foods and such prepared \nfoods should be stored in clean bottles o... | [
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foods should be stored in clean bottles or tins. These food items \nshould be consumed within the safe shelf life of the food \nproduct. \nWhat should be done in ‘lactose intolerance’?\n During acute or chronic diarrhea, lactose intolerance is a \nmild and transient problem. This is due to deficiency of the | [
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mild and transient problem. This is due to deficiency of the \nenzyme lactase in intestinal cells, which is needed for digestion \nof lactose in the milk. This problem can be overcome by \nreducing the quantity of milk taken at a time or taking milk along \nwith a cereal-pulse meal or taking milk in the form of curd. | [
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with a cereal-pulse meal or taking milk in the form of curd. \nThere is no need to stop milk intake in acute diarrhoea situation. \nIn chronic diarrhoea, some children may develop lactose \nintolerance. In such children, milk may be stopped temporarily \nbased on doctor's advice. A diet based on cereals and pulses or | [
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based on doctor's advice. A diet based on cereals and pulses or \nchicken and egg would allow gut to recover and following \nrecovery, milk can then be slowly re-introduced. \nAmylase-Rich Foods (ARFs)\n Flours of germinated cereals, which are rich in the enzyme \nalpha-amylase, constitute ARFs. Even small amounts of t... | [
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alpha-amylase, constitute ARFs. Even small amounts of this \ntype of foods liquefy and reduce the bulk of the cereal-based \nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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32diet. Thus, ARFs help in increasing the energy density of \nweaning gruels as well as in reducing bulk. Mothers can add ARF \nto increase the digestibility of the low-cost weaning foods \nprepared at home. As presented below, preparation of ARF is \nvery simple and can be done by mothers at home. | [
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very simple and can be done by mothers at home.\nHow to prepare selected recipes for complementary foods\n A number of different age specific recipes and snacks are \ngiven in the Figures 4.5 & 4.6. The nutrient content in terms of \nenergy (calories), protein, zinc and iron from each recipe is also \npresented. Follow... | [
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presented. Following process could be followed.\n• Roast cereals and pulses separately under low flame and \ngrind them coarsely like rawa. \n• Mix all the ingredients together before preserving them in \nairtight container (ingredients should be coarse in texture \nand not like atta). This can be preserved for 10 to 1... | [
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under room temperature. \n• One or two tablespoons of rawa/suji to be cooked in water \nfor about 10 to 15 minutes under low flame. \n• Clean and grate/cut fresh vegetables or meat into small pieces and add them to the gruel of rawa and cook them. \n• Eggs can be cracked and added to the rawa and cooked. | [
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• Eggs can be cracked and added to the rawa and cooked. \nAlternatively, eggs can be boiled separately, grated and \nadded to the rawa gruel after cooking. \n• Feed the child once it is cool. Milk is optional and can be \nadded to enhance taste and nutrients. Alternatively, \npeanut powder or gingelly seed powder can ... | [
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peanut powder or gingelly seed powder can be added to \nenhance energy and taste. \n• The cooked porridge should be used within one to two \nhours under hygienic condition. \nEgg pudding \n• Beat the egg and whisk it uniformly. Not peaks are required.\n• Add milk, cardamom and nutmeg powder and mix till well \ncombined... | [
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• Add milk, cardamom and nutmeg powder and mix till well \ncombined.\n• Steam the moisture in a steamer or pressure cooker \n(without whisk) for 15-20 minutes.\n• Cold it to room temperature and serve.\nEgg nog\n• Whisk the egg in a bowl and keep aside.\n• In a heavy bottom sauce pan add the whole milk, heath the | [
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• In a heavy bottom sauce pan add the whole milk, heath the \nmilk on low and stir occasionally until it begins to boil but \ndo not let it boil completely.\n• Remove from the stovetop; pour the whisked egg drop by \ndrop. This is called tempering the eggs so they don't \nscramble.\n• Once combined, pour the mixture ba... | [
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0.02595188096165657,
-0.040771208703517914,
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0.03515911102294922,
-0.09481192380189896,
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-0.... |
scramble.\n• Once combined, pour the mixture back into the sauce pan \nand let it simmer on low heat. It's done when the egg \nmixture coats the back of a spoon.\n• Turn off the heat and set the mixture aside. Grate the \nnutmeg into the egg nog and stir to combine.\n• Pour the eggnog through a strainer into another bo... | [
-0.04302547872066498,
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0.02300308458507061,
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0.023173443973064423,
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-0.048046618700027466,
0.0027556864079087973,
... |
• Pour the eggnog through a strainer into another bowl to \nremove any lumps and serve.Take 250g of cereals & millets\nAdd 2–3 volumes of water soak it for 8 hrs\nDrain excess water\nGerminate in dark for 24–48 hours\nSun dry for 5–8 hours\nRoast gently in flat pan just to remove water; grind and \npowder the grains (A... | [
0.0057200598530471325,
0.02090482786297798,
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-0.... |
powder the grains (ARF)\nStore in airtight bottles/jars\nAdd 5g (one teaspoon) of cooked ARF, to every feedPreparation of ARFs\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for IndiansNote:\nThis is the time when infants develop taste; hence, discourage them from | [
-0.014351936057209969,
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0.023279838263988495,
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0.12631450593471527,
0.01476470846682787,
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0.07880314439535141,
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developing taste for foods high in salt or sugar | Salt can be avoided or very little \nmay be added, i.e. less than 50% of what you would like to add for your taste. \nSugar should be avoided. | [
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33Figure 4.5. Complementary food recipes for 6–8 months old infant babies \nwith nutrient composition \nCarrot puree \n(Energy 110 Kcal, Protein 4.85g,\nIron 1.01mg, Zinc 0.71mg)\nRice rawa- 15g, \n*lentil rawa or green gram/\nred gram/black gram dal rawa- 15g\nCarrot puree- 25 \nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-55... | [
-0.03068390116095543,
-0.016798151656985283,
0.012119586579501629,
0.0654488354921341,
-0.028266796842217445,
0.018852367997169495,
0.020824024453759193,
0.03824447840452194,
-0.057615071535110474,
-0.009569039568305016,
0.03294430300593376,
-0.11652522534132004,
-0.07672496885061264,
-0.0... |
Total ingredient weight-55g \n(without water) Pumpkin puree \n(Energy 108 Kcal, Protein 4.89g,\nIron 0.95mg, Zinc 0.67mg)Spinach puree \n(Energy 1080 Kcal, Protein 5.22g,\nIron 1.60mg, Zinc 0.76mg)\nRice rawa, small- 15g, \n*Lentil rawa or green gram/\nred gram/black gram dal rawa- 15g\nPumpkin puree- 25g \nWater-20... | [
-0.05073469877243042,
0.02622607722878456,
-0.032001424580812454,
0.06751935929059982,
0.016217993572354317,
0.0005694426945410669,
0.03259585425257683,
0.042469870299100876,
0.003293717745691538,
-0.03520048409700394,
0.06535694748163223,
-0.13639046251773834,
-0.056558653712272644,
-0.05... |
Pumpkin puree- 25g \nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-55g \n(without water) Rice rawa- 15g, \n*Lentil rawa or green gram/\nred gram/black gram dal rawa- 15g\nSpinach puree (2 tablespoons)- 25g \nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-55 g \n(without water)\nRice rawa, small -15g \n*Lentil rawa or green gram/red gra... | [
-0.038960978388786316,
-0.01716856099665165,
-0.022034289315342903,
0.04361164942383766,
0.006972274277359247,
0.001085677184164524,
0.016948604956269264,
0.03319808840751648,
0.005565139930695295,
-0.03588486835360527,
0.10343000292778015,
-0.14309068024158478,
-0.06444080173969269,
-0.06... |
*Lentil rawa or green gram/red gram/ \nblack gram dal rawa -15g\nCooked & mashed fish -25g \nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-55 g \n(without water) Mashed fish\n(Energy 133 Kcal, Protein 9.43g,\nIron 0.94mg, Zinc 0.78mg)Grated boiled egg\n(Energy 122 Kcal, Protein 6.67g,\nIron 1.32mg, Zinc 0.95mg)Apple puree\n(En... | [
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0.007244724314659834,
-0.014979944564402103,
0.020709892734885216,
-0.0274059996008873,
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0.02229941450059414,
0.04264828562736511,
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-0.05965793877840042,
0.0429302379488945,
-0.12568219006061554,
-0.08441822975873947,
-0.0761... |
Iron 1.32mg, Zinc 0.95mg)Apple puree\n(Energy 118 Kcal, Protein 4.75g,\nIron 0.93mg, Zinc 0.67mg)Potato puree\n(Energy 117 Kcal, Protein 5.02g,\nIron 1mg, Zinc 0.74mg)\nRice rawa, small -15g\n*Lentil rawa or green gram/red gram/\n black gram dal rawa -15g\nPotato puree -25g\nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-55g \n(... | [
-0.01363505981862545,
-0.000803136033937335,
-0.035937342792749405,
0.10213649272918701,
0.041050564497709274,
0.00018359241948928684,
0.050252191722393036,
0.04638830944895744,
-0.02421826310455799,
-0.039391323924064636,
0.06599902361631393,
-0.09696917980909348,
-0.03217629715800285,
-0... |
Total ingredient weight-55g \n(without water) Rice rawa, small -15g\n*Lentil rawa or green gram/red gram/ \nblack gram dal rawa -15g\nApple puree -25g\nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-55g \n(without water) Rice rawa, small -15g\n*Lentil rawa or green gram/red gram/ \nblack gram dal rawa -15g\nGrated boiled egg -... | [
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0.0025842718314379454,
-0.013640807010233402,
0.04830848053097725,
-0.01914602518081665,
0.03223053365945816,
0.0039549279026687145,
0.05148330703377724,
-0.017534583806991577,
-0.03125447779893875,
0.10898752510547638,
-0.14828336238861084,
-0.06319815665483475,
-0.... |
black gram dal rawa -15g\nGrated boiled egg -15g\nWater-200ml\nTotal ingredient weight-45g \n(without water) \n* Varieties of dals can be included depending on the availability. 15g of one or more dals can be used for the preparation of the above recipes. | [
-0.10102598369121552,
0.004819301422685385,
-0.004190238658338785,
0.06621213257312775,
-0.07151491940021515,
0.05147907882928848,
0.01562546007335186,
0.015103630721569061,
0.009220533072948456,
-0.06790034472942352,
0.08689720928668976,
-0.17673665285110474,
-0.04921495169401169,
-0.0902... |
Well-cooked and mashed lobia / kidney beans / chickpea can be added to infants' diet | Quantities indicated are for raw ingredients\nNote: Breast milk should be continued Refer: Annexure I & II for household measures | [
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-0.03302904590964317,
-0.014054413884878159,
0.04088013991713524,
-0.047320812940597534,
0.02993985079228878,
-0.03468456119298935,
0.027318639680743217,
-0.054060228168964386,
-0.03272135928273201,
-0.010031011886894703,
-0.013928232714533806,
-0.06705564260482788,
-... |
ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for IndiansSource: Indian Food Composition Tables 2017; Nutritive Values of Indian Foods \nNutrient Requirements for Indians 2020 | [
-0.01854044571518898,
-0.03891704976558685,
-0.005862204823642969,
0.049902744591236115,
0.0034213473554700613,
0.024505913257598877,
0.007031480316072702,
0.015867307782173157,
-0.08355556428432465,
-0.037559863179922104,
0.028718460351228714,
-0.13220615684986115,
-0.020725218579173088,
... |
34Figure 4.5 (contd..) Complementary food recipes with nutrient composition \n* Varieties of dals can be included depending on the availability. 15g of one or more dals can be used for the preparation of the above recipes. | [
-0.04083452373743057,
0.0012735365889966488,
0.0519443117082119,
0.029611095786094666,
-0.05999010056257248,
0.019000371918082237,
0.030171804130077362,
-0.013853894546627998,
-0.0368509478867054,
-0.04878830537199974,
0.0737982764840126,
-0.1162465512752533,
0.005518740974366665,
-0.07627... |
Well-cooked and mashed cowpea/kidney beans/chickpea can be added to infants' diet | Quantities indicated are for raw ingredientsEgg pudding \n(Energy 126 Kcal, Protein 9.25g,\nIron 1.66mg, Zinc 1.28mg)Eggnog \n(Energy 133 Kcal, Protein 9.58g,\nIron 1.68mg, Zinc 1.34mg)\nEgg, boiled\n(Energy 46 Kcal, Protein 3.61g,... | [
-0.0071825492195785046,
-0.028671886771917343,
-0.0013040649937465787,
0.08804202824831009,
-0.10456327348947525,
-0.017973225563764572,
0.0034559231717139482,
0.057131264358758926,
-0.08674758672714233,
-0.014109201729297638,
-0.043836042284965515,
-0.031059997156262398,
-0.0520073585212230... |
Egg, boiled\n(Energy 46 Kcal, Protein 3.61g,\nIron 0.43mg, Zinc 0.31mg)\nPlain khichdi + Boiled egg \n(Energy 152 Kcal, Protein 8.02g,\nIron 1.28mg, Zinc 0.93mg)Rice, raw, milled -20g\nGreen gram dal -20g\nCarrot-10g\nTomato-10g\ngreen peas -10g \nWater-160ml\nTotal ingredient weight-70g (without water) Rice rawa, lar... | [
-0.06771394610404968,
0.02154316008090973,
-0.022101113572716713,
0.02901356667280197,
-0.032192930579185486,
0.014098983258008957,
0.018170496448874474,
0.010928483679890633,
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-0.0390067882835865,
0.07735249400138855,
-0.08768189698457718,
-0.035300225019454956,
-0.1... |
*Lentil rawa/green gram/ \nred gram/ black gram dal rawa -15g\nWater-130ml\nTotal ingredient weight-30g \n(without water) Egg-50g\nMilk-90ml \nTotal ingredient weight-140g Egg-50g\nMilk-80ml \nTotal ingredient weight-130g Rice rawa, medium -15g \n*Lentil rawa/green gram/ \nred gram/black gram dal rawa -15g\nCarrot-10g... | [
-0.06227140501141548,
0.0013960007345303893,
-0.04267050325870514,
-0.018362030386924744,
0.01130394171923399,
0.026548754423856735,
-0.01103532686829567,
0.04846600443124771,
-0.018511833623051643,
-0.039694126695394516,
0.11406917124986649,
-0.12328758090734482,
-0.06208829954266548,
-0.... |
Carrot-10g\nPotato-10g\nPumpkin-10 g, Water-150ml\nTotal ingredient weight-60g (without water) \n++Grated mixed vegetables\n(Energy 114 Kcal, Protein 4.98g,\nIron 1.02mg, Zinc 0.73mg)\nPlain dalia + Boiled egg\n(Energy 102 Kcal, Protein 4.68g,\nIron 0.86mg, Zinc 0.64mg)Vegetable khichdi\n(Energy 150 Kcal, Protein 7.24... | [
-0.07963240891695023,
0.045553725212812424,
-0.05227098613977432,
0.09879065304994583,
0.00319355889223516,
0.031235214322805405,
0.03400806337594986,
0.046159520745277405,
-0.045684706419706345,
-0.02836885303258896,
0.05343879014253616,
-0.13363106548786163,
-0.056255996227264404,
-0.096... |
(Energy 150 Kcal, Protein 7.24g,\nIron 1.18mg, Zinc 0.93mg)Above 12 months old babies \nNote: Breast milk should be continued\nRefer: Annexure I & II for household measures9 to <12 months old babies \nRaw weight-25g \nRaw weight-45g | [
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0.0128482636064291,
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0.027328889816999435,
0.08341416716575623,
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-0.015800805762410164,
-0.04565199837088585,
-0.06048392504453659,
-0.014800796285271645,
-0.0136... |
Raw weight-25g \nRaw weight-45g \nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for IndiansSource: Indian Food Composition Tables 2017; Nutritive Values of Indian Foods \nNutrient Requirements for Indians 2020 | [
-0.01193576492369175,
-0.012487203814089298,
-0.011817531660199165,
0.07189089804887772,
-0.04052865505218506,
0.014830034226179123,
0.015524432994425297,
0.029803790152072906,
-0.10308730602264404,
-0.033982835710048676,
0.027130091562867165,
-0.17782512307167053,
-0.028300240635871887,
-... |
35\nFigure 4.6. Preparation of ‘Healthy snacks’ for infants (6 months to above 12 months)\nPapaya (Ripe)\n(Energy 6 Kcal, Protein 0.10g, \nIron 0.05mg, Zinc 0.03mg)\nEnergy, protein etc. mentioned are obtained for quantities provided above\nNon-vegetarian foods such as soft-boiled egg, minced meat may be introduced at ... | [
0.0363539382815361,
0.03630731254816055,
-0.045156121253967285,
0.09264959394931793,
-0.09340331703424454,
0.03388328477740288,
0.027833936735987663,
0.023365775123238564,
-0.07989270985126495,
0.06072463095188141,
0.08063792437314987,
-0.09700729697942734,
-0.061330825090408325,
-0.030016... |
Note: Breast milk should be continuedGreen peas \n(puree for <12 month and \nboiled for ≥12 month children)\n(Energy 8 Kcal, Protein 0.75g,\nIron 0.16mg, Zinc 0.11mg)\nBanana (Ripe)\n(Energy 27 Kcal, Protein 0.33g, \nIron 0.08mg, Zinc 0.03mg)\nEgg (Boiled)\n(Energy 34 Kcal, Protein 3.32g, \nIron 0.77mg, Zinc 0.52mg)\n... | [
-0.05432823672890663,
-0.007439716253429651,
0.003451831405982375,
0.051780421286821365,
0.001765825436450541,
0.014756929129362106,
0.0020454460754990578,
0.02790014073252678,
-0.07619650661945343,
-0.04283478483557701,
0.03634290024638176,
-0.07838661223649979,
-0.029673248529434204,
-0.... |
Iron 0.77mg, Zinc 0.52mg)\nMurrel fish, boneless \n(Boiled and mashed)\n(Energy 21 Kcal, Protein 4.76g,\nIron 0.06mg, Zinc 0.17mg)Pomfret fish, boneless \n(Boiled and mashed)\n(Energy 30 Kcal, Protein 4.75g, \nIron 0.08mg, Zinc 0.14mg)Curd\n(Energy 15.0 Kcal, Protein 0.78g, \nIron 0.05mg)\nCow pea \n(puree for <12 mont... | [
-0.013736182823777199,
0.01620757393538952,
0.015363839454948902,
0.08914557099342346,
-0.0033001501578837633,
0.013761922717094421,
0.03756047412753105,
0.035274069756269455,
-0.025255708023905754,
-0.021845092996954918,
0.05108405649662018,
-0.10201536118984222,
-0.024956895038485527,
-0... |
Cow pea \n(puree for <12 month and \nboiled for ≥12 month children)\n(Energy 32 Kcal, Protein 2.15g, \nIron 0.51mg, Zinc 0.36mg)\nRefer: Annexure I & II for household measures\nSource: Indian Food Composition Tables 2017; Nutritive Values of Indian Foods \nNutrient Requirements for Indians 2020 | [
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-0.016495799645781517,
-0.071... |
36\n36POINTS TO REGISTER\n· Breast milk alone is not enough to meet the increase in \nrequirements for a child after six months of age.\n· Complementary foods should be introduced soon after six \nmonths of age, in addition to breastfeeding should be \ncontinued till two years of age.\n· Prefer home-made complementary ... | [
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-0.0321... |
· Prefer home-made complementary foods.\n· Feed complementary food at least 2–4 times a day \ndepending upon the child's age.\n· Provide milk, locally available fruits and vegetables as well as \neggs and meat. \n· Observe hygienic practices while preparing and feeding \ncomplementary foods.\n· Complementary feeding al... | [
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0.0407475121319294,
0.04058133810758591,
0.05739497393369675,
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-0.013353541493415833,
0.06446308642625809,
-0.05843624472618103,
-0.08346561342477798,
-0.01087... |
· Complementary feeding along with breastfeeding should be \ncontinued even during diarrhea or other common illnesses to \nprevent malnutrition.\n· Limit use of salt in complementary food preparation.\n· Avoid foods (biscuits, cakes) and beverages (fruit juices and \ncool drinks) with added sugar. | [
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0.015797622501850128,
0.05115470662713051,
0.02936273254454136,
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0.00... |
37GUIDELINE\x015\n\x01\x01RATIONALE\nBalanced\x01diets\x01for\x01children\x01above\x01two\x01years\x01and\x01adolescents\x01\nhelp\x01optimum\x01growth\x01and\x01boosts\x01their\x01immunity.Ensure\x01adequate\x01and\x01appropriate\x01diets\x01\nfor\x01children\x01and\x01adolescents\x01both\x01in\x01\nhealth\x01and\x01s... | [
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0.06061681732535362,
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0.010215873830020428,
0.0808928981423378,
-0.0804702490568161,
0.015198895707726479,
-0.00... |
optimal growth and development. \n• Appropriate diet and physical activity during childhood is \nessential for optimum body composition, BMI, prevention \nof vitamin and mineral deficiencies and reduction in the risk \nof diet-related chronic diseases in later life.\n• Malnutrition contributes to increased morbidity (i... | [
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0.10991662740707397,
0.020659083500504494,
0.03945956379175186,
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0.047224897891283035,
0.08172020316123962,
0.01139872893691063,
-0.03881780058145523,
0.007653... |
and mortality.\n• A child needs to eat adequately during and soon after \nepisodes of infections to maintain good nutritional status. \n• Nutrition care during adolescence is crucial since it is the \nperiod of accelerated growth.\nWhy do children and adolescents require more food?\n A new born baby grows rapidly at th... | [
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0.09490569680929184,
-0.023485315963625908,
0.031080741435289383,
0.011185058392584324,
0.07739312201738358,
-0.017629869282245636,
0.0027232880238443613,
-0.03555753082036972,
0.03905514255166054,
0.11483969539403915,
0.02732800878584385,
-0.02403181418776512,
0.034... |
A new born baby grows rapidly at the rate of about 28g \nper day during the first two months, and 450g per month \nthereafter; and the birth weight doubles by five months and \ntriples by one year of age. During the second year, a toddler will \ngain about two kg, and between 2–10 years age the child gains | [
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0.04406009986996651,
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0.08548639714717865,
-0.05737804248929024,
0.011963418684899807,
-0.06... |
gain about two kg, and between 2–10 years age the child gains \n1.5–3 kg in weight every year.Infants gain about 25 cms during \nthe first year, and 10–15 cms height from 1–2 years age. Between 2–10 years the child grows on an average 6–7 cms in \nheight. Height at four years is about double the birth length. | [
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0.008330444805324078,
0.07174300402402878,
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0.06691844016313553,
0.07455665618181229,
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0.02169383130967617,
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height. Height at four years is about double the birth length. \nMost boys reach half their adult height by about age two years. \nMost girls reach half their adult height at about age 19 months. \nDuring this period, development and maturation of various \ntissues and organs also take place (Tables 5.1 to 5.4). | [
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tissues and organs also take place (Tables 5.1 to 5.4). \n Adolescent period (10–19 years of age) is characterized \nby rapid increase in height and weight, hormonal changes, \nsexual maturation and wide swings in emotion. Adolescent \ngrowth spurt starts at about 10–12 years in girls and two years | [
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growth spurt starts at about 10–12 years in girls and two years \nlater in boys. During this phase, the annual peak rates for height \nand weight are 9–10 cm and 8–10 kg. Development of critical \nbone mass is essential during this period. Bone development \nduring this period is crucial for maintaining mineral integri... | [
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during this period is crucial for maintaining mineral integrity of \nthe bone in later life. The pattern and proportion of various \nbody components like body water, muscle mass, bone and fat, \nincrease during the entire childhood and adolescence to reach \nadult levels by about 19 years. With the onset of menstruatio... | [
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adult levels by about 19 years. With the onset of menstruation, \nadolescent girls are at greater physiological stress than boys. \nNutritional care of adolescent girls is of particular importance \nfor their own health and in preparation for motherhood in \nfuture. All these rapid anabolic changes require more nutrien... | [
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per unit body weight.\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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38 Growing children and adolescents require more calcium. \nThough recommended dietary allowances for calcium are \nabout 850–1050mg/day, it is desirable to give higher \nquantities of calcium for adolescents to achieve optimal peak \nbone mass. To achieve optimal peak bone mass, it is \nrecommended to consume calcium-... | [
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recommended to consume calcium-rich foods like milk and \nmilk products, foxtail millet, finger millet (ragi), sesame, etc. \nYoung children below the age of five years should be given less \nbulky foods, rich in energy, protein, vitamin and minerals such \nas pulses, nuts, edible oil/ghee milk and eggs. Vegetables | [
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as pulses, nuts, edible oil/ghee milk and eggs. Vegetables \nincluding green leafy vegetables and locally available seasonal \nfruits should be part of their daily menu. Healthy snacks made \nfrom wholesome ingredients and less in fat, sugar and salt, \nmake a useful contribution to their nutrient requirements, | [
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make a useful contribution to their nutrient requirements, \nparticularly in older children and adolescents. Frequent \nchanges in the menu are often liked by children.\n Older children and adolescents should consume \nadequate milk to fulfill high calcium requirements and to obtain \nquality protein. Bengal gram, tofu... | [
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quality protein. Bengal gram, tofu and paneer are also good \nsources of protein. Nutrient dense foods such as nuts, oilseeds \nand marine fish that are rich sources of good quality fats, \nproteins, vitamins and minerals must be consumed frequently. \nFoods such as fenugreek seeds, amaranth seeds, flax seeds, | [
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-... |
Foods such as fenugreek seeds, amaranth seeds, flax seeds, \nchia seeds, basil seeds, etc., which have health-promoting \neffects can be consumed at least three to four times a week. \n Avoid packaged foods and foods containing excess oil, \nsalt, sugar, added colors and other additives. Over indulgence in \nfoods high... | [
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0.012591416947543621,
0.08958616852760315,
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0.048481155186891556,
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foods high in fats, sugar and salt \nshould be avoided. Adolescence is \na vulnerable stage for developing \nunhealthy food preferences as \nwell as harmful habits like smoking, \nchewing tobacco or drinking \nalcohol. These unhealthy habits \nshould be avoided. In addition to consumption of a nutritious | [
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0.11765208840370178,
0.01738048531115055,
0.04295342043042183,
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0.055401481688022614,
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0.11825139075517654,
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0.010112003423273563,
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should be avoided. In addition to consumption of a nutritious \nwell-balanced diet, appropriate lifestyle practices and \ninvolvement in physical activities such as games/sports should \nbe encouraged among children and adolescents. Balanced diet | [
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0.11191799491643906,
0.00021853232465218753,
0.004906328395009041,
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0.06699160486459732,
0.013372412882745266,
0.03285150229930878,
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0.018933236598968506,
0.09212785959243774,
0.015121468342840672,
-0.07483725249767303,
0.0092... |
be encouraged among children and adolescents. Balanced diet \nfor children and adolescents is presented in Figures 5.1 to 5.4. How do infections in children lead to malnutrition?\n Common childhood infections like diarrhoea, \npneumonia and poor nutrition care during illness and post \nillness cause malnutrition and co... | [
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0.08102022111415863,
0.0431915745139122,
0.01647186279296875,
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0.01801149919629097,
0.02176337130367756,
0.09042049199342728,
-0.02124498039484024,
-0.0258401520550251,
0.03992564231157303,
0.00609322264790535,
0.027604280039668083,
0.07683707773... |
illness cause malnutrition and contribute to about 20% \nmortality. During periods of infection, children tend to eat less \ndue to reduced appetite. Many children vomit frequently. \nNutrients are also lost in urine and feces. The unhealthy practice \nof restricting diet, during any sickness could further aggravate | [
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0.06927238404750824,
0.07206147909164429,
0.09639743715524673,
0.006384857464581728,
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0.04391922801733017,
0.003047819947823882,
0.030248641967773438,
0.023112177... |
of restricting diet, during any sickness could further aggravate \nthe problem. Hence, extra care is needed in feeding the child \nnormally during and after any illness to prevent subsequent \nnutritional deficiencies. Appropriate feeding practices during \nillness and post illness is essential and may demand a lot of | [
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0.02224... |
illness and post illness is essential and may demand a lot of \npatience from mothers/caretakers.\nHow should a child be fed during illness?\n For older children, consuming an adult diet, soft \nnutrient- dense foods may be offered at frequent intervals. The \nquantity of the feeds may be increased, after the illness h... | [
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0.08045333623886108,
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0.0025412542745471,
0.07570503652095795,
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0.00150... |
quantity of the feeds may be increased, after the illness has \nsubsided, till the original body weight is regained.\nWhat should be done during diarrhea in children?\n Diarrhea is a common childhood disease which leads to \ndehydration and sometimes death. The child requires prompt \ncorrection of fluid and electrolyt... | [
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0.0709943100810051,
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0.0... |
correction of fluid and electrolyte loss using oral rehydration \nsolution (ORS) along with adequate feeding. \n Calorie-rich, semi-solid, soft diets may be prepared from \na variety of cereals and pulses. Sprouted and cooked grain or \npulses flours are easily digestible and can be used (ARF-given in | [
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0.015002692118287086,
0.0680510476231575,
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0.03658660873770714,
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-0.03... |
pulses flours are easily digestible and can be used (ARF-given in \nguideline 4). Milk may be mixed with cereal and pulse diet. If \nmilk is not tolerated, it may be replaced by an equal volume of \ncurd/yogurt. Mashed vegetables and fruits may be \nincorporated in the diets. Feeding becomes easier after the | [
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0.04134485498070717,
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0.02738400548696518,
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incorporated in the diets. Feeding becomes easier after the \ninfection subsides. During recovery, if weight loss is noticed, \nadditional feeds (depending on the child's ability to consume) \nshould be given to meet the extra food requirements for catch \nup growth. Overeating should be avoided not only to prevent | [
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0.01859721727669239,
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0.03376026451587677,
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0.018038947135210037,
0.11125078052282333,
0.034753259271383286,
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0.04729987... |
up growth. Overeating should be avoided not only to prevent \noverweight/obesity but also metabolic disorders such as insulin \nresistance, diabetes, PCODs etc. apart from other diet related \nNCDs. Avoid packaged foods \nand foods containing \nexcess oil, salt, sugar, \nadded colors and other \nadditives. | [
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0.08174408227205276,
0.04401220381259918,
0.05756428837776184,
0.009044572710990906,
0.04453008249402046,
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0.02241422049701214,
0.03540704399347305,
0.05899041146039963,
-0.02262607030570507,
-0.09599344... |
excess oil, salt, sugar, \nadded colors and other \nadditives.\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians | [
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0.025001399219036102,
0.03434937074780464,
0.08911998569965363,
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0.034823138266801834,
-0.005422975867986679,
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39Figure 5.1. Suggested diet for normally nourished physically active children aged 4–6 yrs \nas recommended in ICMR-NIN-RDA\n(The menu is for reference children weighing 18kg and with adequate physical activity) | [
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0.04729556292295456,
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0.01656186580657959,
0.06267877668142319,
-0.13572528958320618,
0.05346648022532463,
0.0583140067756176,
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-0.010391... |
Note: Energy requirement depends on body weight and physical activity Total calorie from the above diet is 1360 Kcal/day | Total protein provides 13.8% Kcal/day from the suggested diet \nNon-veg items like fish / egg / chicken can be consumed as per social acceptability & availability | Quantities indicated are ... | [
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0.020306849852204323,
0.07413838058710098,
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0.015583769418299198,
0.0532742477953434,
0.038187425583601,
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-0.063... |
In the meal preparation 25g oil and 5g iodized salt can be used | Prefer at least 50% cereal / millet as whole grain \nEvery meal should be accompanied by dal and vegetables | Added sugar must be restricted to less than 5% of daily energy.8–9 am\n1–2 pm\n5pm7–8pm EVENING \nBEVERAGE \n(70 Kcal)BREAKFAST (36... | [
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0.05107923597097397,
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0.0031622739043086767,
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0.00016030446568038315,
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... |
BEVERAGE \n(70 Kcal)BREAKFAST (360 Kcal)\nLUNCH (540 Kcal)\nSoaked & boiled whole \ngrains-50g;\nBoiled red / black beans, \ncowpea / chickpea-20g;\nVegetable chutney-50g;\nNuts-5g\nCereals (preferably \nwhole grain) -60g;\nPulses-20g; or meat\nVegetables-50g; Green \nleafy vegetables-50g;\n(can be used in curries / c... | [
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0.04659562185406685,
0.0062968116253614426,
0.1064186543226242,
-0.08395417034626007,
-0.009864037856459618,
0.053651388734579086,
-0.05655945464968681,
-0.06779880821704865,
-0.05180956795811653,
-0.020344948396086693,
-0.09064476191997528,
-0.0284433551132679,
-0.103... |
(can be used in curries / chutney)\nCurd-75ml / Paneer \nequivalent to 75ml;\nOil-10g; Nuts-10g;\nFruits-end your meal \nwith 50g fruitsCereals-50g;\nPulses-20g;\nVegetables-50g;\nOil-10g;\nCurd-75ml;\nFruits-end your \nmeal with 25g fruitsDINNER (410 Kcal)\n100ml milk100ml milk\nTotal Calorie: ~1370 kcal\nCrude Protei... | [
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0.0030996003188192844,
0.040626414120197296,
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0.0203558262437582,
0.05828460678458214,
0.06295764446258545,
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-0.07120617479085922,
0.0404486209154129,
-0.05254720523953438,
-0.029695145785808563,
-0.0734... |
Total Calorie: ~1370 kcal\nCrude Protein: 46g\nCurd\n75ml\nRefer: Annexure I & II for household measuresCurd\n75ml\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians\nSource: Nutrient Requirements for Indians 2020 | [
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0.04298694059252739,
0.025395311415195465,
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40Figure 5.2. Suggested diet for normally nourished physically active children aged 7–9 yrs \n(The menu is for reference children weighing 25 kg and with adequate physical activity)\nCereals (preferably \nwhole grain) -90g;\nPulses-25g;\nVegetables-100g; Green \nleafy vegetables-50g\n(can be used in curries / chutney) ... | [
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-0.00372361... |
(can be used in curries / chutney) ;\nOil-15g; Nuts-10g;\nCurd-100ml / Paneer \nequivalent to 100ml;\nFruits-end your meal \nwith 50g fruitsCereals-60g;\nPulses-20g;\nVegetables-100g;\nOil-10g;\nCurd-100ml;\nFruits-end your \nmeal with 50g fruits | [
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Oil-10g;\nCurd-100ml;\nFruits-end your \nmeal with 50g fruits\nNote: Energy requirement depends on body weight and physical activity Total calorie from the above diet is 1710 Kcal/day | Total protein provides 13.8% Kcal/day from the suggested diet | [
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Non-veg items like fish / egg / chicken can be consumed as per social acceptability & availability | Quantities indicated are for raw ingredients \nIn the meal preparation 25g oil and 5g iodized salt can be used | Prefer at least 50% cereal / millet as whole grain | [
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Every meal should be accompanied by dal and vegetables | Added sugar must be restricted to less than 5% of daily energy.\nRefer: Annexure I & II for household measures8–9 am\n1–2 pm\n5pm7–8pm EVENING \nBEVERAGE \n(70 Kcal)BREAKFAST (400 Kcal)\nLUNCH (730 Kcal)\n DINNER (510 Kcal)\nCurd\n100ml 100ml milk\nTotal ... | [
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-0.1... |
Curd\n100ml 100ml milk\nTotal Calorie: ~1710 kcal\nCrude Protein: 59g\n100ml milk\nSoaked & boiled whole \ngrains -50g;\nBoiled red / black beans, \nlobia / chickpea-20g;\nGreen leafy vegetables-50g;\nVegetables-50g;\nNuts-10g\nCurd\n100ml\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians\nSource: Nu... | [
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-0.04411584138870239,
... |
41\nFigure 5.3. Suggested balanced diet for \nphysically active girls (16–18 years)\n(weighing 56 Kg) (Energy ~2490 Kcal)\nFigure 5.4. Suggested balanced diet for \nphysically active boys (16–18 years)\n(weighing 64 Kg) (Energy ~3300 Kcal)\nICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Dietary Guidelines for Indians\nSource: N... | [
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-0.... |
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