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attempted\tafter\tinadvertent\tor\tdeliberate\tremoval\tof\ta\tnasoenteric\ttube.\tThis\ttype\tof\tinterrupted\ttransition\nshould\tbe\tmonitored\tclosely\tfor\tadequate\toral\tintake.\tPatients\treceiving\tEN\n\twho\tdesire\tto\teat\tand\tfor\nwhom\tit\tis\tnot\tcontraindicated\tcan\tbe\tencouraged\tto\tdo\tso.\tA\ttr... | [
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may\tbe\tnecessary\tduring\ta\tperiod\tof\tdays.\tPatients\twho\tcannot\tmeet\ttheir\tneeds\tby\tthe\toral\troute\tcan\tbe\nmaintained\tby\ta\tcombination\tof\tEN\tand\toral\tintake.\nOral\tsupplements\nThe\tmost\tcommon\ttypes\tof\toral\tsupplements\tare\tcommercial\tformulas\tmeant\tprimarily\tto\n\taugment\tthe | [
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augment\tthe\nintake\tof\tsolid\tfoods.\tThey\tcommonly\tprovide\t250\tto\t360\tkcal/8\toz\tor\t240-mL\tportion\tand\tapproximately\t8\nto\t14\tg\tof\tintact\tprotein.\tSome\tproducts\thave\t360\tor\t500\tor\tas\tmuch\tas\t575\tkcal\tin\ta\tcan.\tThere\tare\ndifferent\ttypes\tof\tproducts\tfor\tdifferent\tdisease\tstat... | [
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to\tno\tscientific\tevidence\tto\tsupport\ttheir\tefficacy. | [
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Fat\tsources\tare\n\toften\tLCTs,\talthough\tsome\tsupplements\tcontain\tMCTs.\tMore\tconcentrated\tand\tthus\tmore\nnutrient-dense\tformulas\tare\talso\tavailable.\tA\tvariety\tof\tflavors,\tconsistencies,\tand\tmodifications\tof\nnutrients\tare\tappropriate\tfor\tvarious\tdisease\tstates.\tSome\toral\tsupplements\tpr... | [
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complete\tdiet\tif\ttaken\tin\tsufficient\tvolume.\nThe\tform\tof\tcarbohydrate\tis\ta\tkey\tfactor\tto\tpatient\tacceptance\tand\n\ttolerance.\tSupplements\twith\nappreciable\tamounts\tof\tsimple\tcarbohydrate\ttaste\tsweeter\tand\thave\thigher\tosmolalities,\twhich\tmay\ncontribute\tto\tgastrointestinal\tintolerance.... | [
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altered\tby\tcertain\tdrug\ttherapies,\tespecially\tchemotherapy.\tConcentrated\tformulas\tor\tlarge\tvolumes\tcan\ncontribute\tto\ttaste\tfatigue\tand\tearly\tsatiety.\tThus\toral\tnutrient\n\tintake\tand\tthe\tintake\tof\tprescribed\nsupplements\tshould\tbe\tmonitored.\nOral\tsupplements\tthat\tcontain\thydrolyzed\tp... | [
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patients\twith\trenal,\tliver,\tand\tmalabsorptive\tdiseases\ttend\tto\tbe\tmildly\tto\tmarkedly\tunpalatable,\tand\nacceptance\tby\tthe\tpatient\tdepends\ton\tmotivation.\tFormulas\tfor\trenal\tand\tliver\tdisease\tmay\tlack\tsufficient\nvitamins\tand\tminerals\n\tand\tare\tnot\tnutritionally\tcomplete\tand\ttherefore... | [
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population.\nAlthough\tcommercially\tavailable\tmodular\tsupplements\tare\tused\tmost\tcommonly\tfor\tconvenience,\nmodules\tof\tprotein,\tcarbohydrate,\tor\tfat\tor\tcommonly\tavailable\tfood\titems\tcan\tproduce\thighly\tpalatable\nadditions\tto\ta\tdiet.\tAs\texamples,\tliquid\tor\tpowdered\tmilk,\tyogurt,\ttofu,\to... | [
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enrich\n\tcereals,\tcasseroles,\tsoups,\tor\tmilk\tshakes.\tThickening\tagents\tare\tnow\tused\tto\tadd\tvariety,\ttexture,\nand\testhetics\tto\tpureed\tfoods,\twhich\tare\tused\twhen\tswallowing\tability\tis\tlimited\t(see\t\nChapter\t39\n).\nImagination\tand\tindividual\ttailoring\tcan\tincrease\toral\tintake,\tavoid... | [
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forms\tof\tnutrition\tsupport.\nNutrition\tsupport\tin\tlong-term\tand\thome\tcare\nLong-term\tcare\nLong-term\tcare\t(LTC)\n\tusually\trefers\tto\ta\tskilled\tnursing\tfacility\tbut\tincludes\tsubacute\tcare\tfor\nrehabilitation.\tHealth\tcare\tprovided\tin\tthis\tenvironment\tfocuses\ton\tquality\tof\tlife,\tself-det... | [
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management\tof\tacute\tand\tchronic\tdisease.\tIndications\tfor\tEN\tand\tPN\tare\tgenerally\tthe\tsame\tfor\tolder\npatients\tas\tfor\tyounger\tadults\tand\tvary\taccording\tto\tthe\tage,\tgender,\tdisease\tstate,\tand\tmost\n\timportantly,\nthe\tcare\tgoals\tof\tthe\tindividual.\tPN\tis\toften\tprovided\tto\tthese\tf... | [
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in\tLTC.\tThese\tproviders\tmay\temploy\tdietitians\tand\tspecially\ttrained\tnurses\tto\tassist\tthe\tfacilities\twith\neducation\tand\ttraining.\nOral\tsupplements\thave\tgained\twidespread\tuse\tin\tLTC\tover\tthe\tlast\ttwo\tdecades,\tagain\tfor\tconvenience.\nHowever,\tthey\tappear\tto\thave\tdetrimental\n\teffect... | [
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effects,\tand\treal\tfood\talways\tshould\tbe\tattempted\tfirst.\tA\tmajor\ngoal\tin\tLTC\tis\tthe\telimination\tof\tcanned\tnutrition\tsupplements\tbecause\tthey\tare\tseen\tas\ta\tdetriment\tto\neating\treal\tfood.\t(See\t\nChapter\t19\n\tfor\ta\tdiscussion\tof\tthe\tdining\tstandards\tfor\tLTC).\nAdvance\tdirectives | [
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Advance\tdirectives\n\tare\tlegal\tdocuments\tthat\tresidents\tuse\tto\tstate\ttheir\tpreferences\tabout\taspects\tof\ncare,\tincluding\tthose\tregarding\tthe\tuse\n\tof\tnutrition\tsupport.\tThese\tdirectives\tmay\tbe\twritten\tin\tany\tsetting,\nincluding\tacute\tor\thome\tcare\tbut\tare\tespecially\tuseful\tin\tLTC\... | [
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residents\twhen\tthey\tare\tno\tlonger\table\tto\tmake\tdecisions\t(\nSchwartz\tet\tal,\t2016\n)\nDifferentiation\tbetween\tthe\teffects\tof\tadvanced\tage\tand\tmalnutrition\tis\tan\tassessment\tchallenge\tfor\ndietitians\tworking\tin\tLTC\t(see\t\nChapter\t19\n).\n\tThis\tis\tan\tarea\tof\tactive\tresearch,\tas\tis\t... | [
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).\n\tThis\tis\tan\tarea\tof\tactive\tresearch,\tas\tis\tthe\tinfluence\tthat\nnutrition\tsupport\thas\ton\tthe\tquality\tof\tlife\tamong\tLTC\tresidents.\tStudies\tgenerally\tshow\tthat\tuse\tof\nnutrition\tsupport\tin\tolder\tadults\tis\tbeneficial\tonly\tin\tspecific\tsituations\tand\tespecially\twhen\tused\tin | [
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conjunction\twith\tphysical\tactivity.\tPatients\twho\tare\tactively\tpursuing\tphysical\ttherapy\tare\tgood\tcandidates\nfor\tnutrition\tsupport.\tHowever,\n\twhen\tthere\tis\ta\tterminal\tillness\tor\tcondition,\tstarting\tnutrition\tsupport\tmay\nhave\tno\tadvantage\tand\tcan\tprolong\tsuffering.\tTube\tfeeding\thas... | [
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dementia\twho’s\tdecreased\tintake\tis\tpart\tof\tthe\tdisease\tprocess.\tDietitians\tshould\tbe\tstrong\tpatient\nadvocates\tin\tend-of-life\tdecisions.\tRDNs\tshould\tbe\tinvolved\tin\twriting\tand\timplementing\tthe\tpolicies\tin\ntheir\tinstitutions.\nHome\tcare\nHome\tenteral\tnutrition\t(HEN)\tor\thome\tparentera... | [
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nutrients\tor\tformulas,\tsupplies,\tequipment,\tand\tprofessional\tclinical\tservices.\tResources\tand\ttechnology\nfor\tsafe\tand\teffective\tmanagement\tof\tlong-term\tenteral\tor\tparenteral\ttherapy\tare\twidely\tavailable\tfor\tthe\nhome\tcare\tsetting.\tAlthough\thome\tnutrition\tsupport\thas\tbeen\tavailable\n\... | [
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for\tmore\tthan\t30\tyears,\tfew\noutcome\tdata\thave\tbeen\tgenerated.\tBecause\tmandatory\treporting\trequirements\tdo\tnot\texist\tin\tthe\tUnited\nStates\tfor\tpatients\treceiving\thome\tnutrition\tsupport,\tthe\texact\tnumber\tof\tpatients\treceiving\tthis\tsupport\tis\nunknown.\nThe\telements\tneeded\tto\timpleme... | [
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candidates\tand\ta\tfeasible\thome\tenvironment\twith\n\tresponsive\tcaregivers,\ta\tchoice\tof\ta\tsuitable\tnutrition\nsupport\tregimen,\ttraining\tof\tthe\tpatient\tand\tfamily,\tand\ta\tplan\tfor\tmedical\tand\tnutritional\tfollow-up\tby\tthe\nphysician\tas\twell\tas\tby\tthe\thome\tinfusion\tprovider\t(\nBox\t12.7... | [
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Box\t12.7\n).\tThese\tobjectives\tare\tbest\tachieved\tthrough\nthe\tcoordinated\tefforts\tof\tan\tinterdisciplinary\tteam\t(see\t\nClinical\tInsight:\n\tHome\tTube\tFeeding—Key\nConsiderations\n).\nBOX\t12.7\nConsiderations\tWhen\tDeciding\ton\tHome\tNutrition\tSupport\nSanitation\tof\tthe\thome\tenvironment\tto\tpres... | [
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Potential\tfor\timprovement\tin\tquality\tof\tlife\tand\tnutritional\tstatus\nThe\tfinancial\tand\ttime\tcommitment\tneeded\tby\tpatient\tor\tfamily;\tpotential\tloss\tof\tincome\toutside\tthe\nhome\tin\tsome\tcases\nAbility\tto\tunderstand\tthe\ttechniques\tfor\tadministration\n\tof\tthe\tproduct\tand\tsafe\tuse\tof\t... | [
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and\tsupplies\nAny\tphysical\tlimitations\tthat\tprevent\tthe\timplementation\tof\tHEN\tor\tHPN\ttherapy\nCapacity\tfor\tpatient\tor\tcaregiver\tto\tcontact\tmedical\tservices\twhen\tneeded\nHEN\n,\tHome\tenteral\tnutrition;\t\nHPN\n,\thome\tparenteral\tnutrition.\nCLINICAL\tINSIGHT\nHome\tTube\tFeeding—Key\tConsiderat... | [
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0.027592... |
What\tis\tthe\tbest\tkind\tof\ttube?\nIn\tgeneral,\tnasal\ttubes\n\tshould\tbe\tavoided\tbecause\tthey\tare\tmore\tdifficult\tto\tmanage,\tclog\teasily,\tare\neasily\tdislodged,\tand\tover\ttime\tcan\tcause\ttissue\tirritation\tand\teven\terosion.\tPercutaneous\tendoscopic\ngastrostomy\t(PEG)\ttubes\tare\tnow\tthe\tmos... | [
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can\tbe\teither\tlow\tprofile\t(flat\tto\tthe\tabdomen),\tbutton-type\ttubes,\tor\tthey\tcan\thave\ta\tshort\tpiece\tof\ntubing\tattached\tthrough\n\tthe\tabdomen\tand\tinto\tthe\tstomach.\tThe\tbutton\ttubes\trequire\tsome\tmanual\ndexterity\tto\taccess\tand\tcan\tbe\tdifficult\tto\tuse\tfor\tpatients\twho\tare\tvery\... | [
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0.0758884... |
jejunostomy\t(PEJ)\ttubes\tare\tbest\tfor\tpatients\twho\trequire\tpost-pyloric\tfeedings\tas\ta\tresult\tof\tintolerance\nof\tgastric\tfeeding,\tbut\tPEJ\tfeedings\trequire\ta\tpump,\twhich\tseverely\tlimits\tmobility\tof\tthe\tpatient.\nWhat\tis\tthe\n\tbest\tmethod\tof\tadministration? | [
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0.0563782937... |
What\tis\tthe\n\tbest\tmethod\tof\tadministration?\nBolus\tfeeding\tis\tthe\teasiest\tadministration\tmethod\tand\tgenerally\tshould\tbe\ttried\tfirst.\tIt\tshould\tbe\nstarted\tslowly\tat\thalf\tof\tan\t8-oz\tcan\tfour\tto\tsix\ttimes\ta\tday.\tIf\tbolus\tfeeding\tis\tnot\ttolerated,\tgravity | [
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0.07540... |
feeding\tis\ta\tsecond\toption.\tIt\tdoes\trequire\ta\tbag\tand\tpole\tbut\tcan\tbe\taccomplished\tfairly\tquickly\tand\nrequires\tless\tmanual\tdexterity\tthan\tbolus\tfeeding.\nPump\n\tfeeding\tis\tsometimes\tnecessary\twhen\ta\tpatient\trequires\tsmall\tamounts\tof\tformula\tdelivered | [
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0.03207... |
slowly.\tAlthough\tit\tis\twell\ttolerated,\tit\thas\tmajor\timplications\tfor\ta\tpatient\tat\thome\tbecause\teven\tthe\nsimplest\tpump\tis\toften\tviewed\tas\t“high\ttech.”\tIts\tuse\tgreatly\tlimits\tmobility,\tand,\tlike\tany\tpiece\tof\nequipment,\tit\tcan\tbreak\tand\tinterrupt\tfeeding\tschedules.\nWhat\tis\tthe... | [
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0.033313... |
What\tis\tthe\tbest\tway\tto\teducate\tthe\tpatient\n\tand\tcaregiver?\n•\t\nDirections\tshould\tbe\twritten\tin\tcommon\tmeasurements\tsuch\tas\tcups,\ttablespoons,\tand\tcans\trather\nthan\tmilliliters.\n•\t\nThe\tenteral\tnutrition\tregimen\tshould\tbe\tas\tsimple\tas\tpossible;\tuse\twhole\tcans\tof\tformula\trathe... | [
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0.08225305378437042,
0.011983014643192291,
0.020191293209791183,
0.0526... |
than\tpartial\tcans.\n•\t\nAdditives\tto\tthe\tfeedings\tshould\tbe\tminimized\tto\tavoid\tconfusion\tand\tclogging\tof\tthe\tfeeding\ttubes.\n•\t\nProvide\tclear\tdirections\tfor\tgradually\n\tincreasing\tto\tthe\tgoal\tfeeding\trate.\n•\t\nProvide\tclear\tdirections\tfor\twater\tflushing\tof\tthe\ttube\tand\tfor\tadd... | [
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0.037... |
prevent\tdehydration.\n•\t\nDiscuss\tcommon\tproblems\tthat\tmay\tcome\tup\tand\tprovide\tguidance\tfor\tresolving\tthem.\n•\t\nMake\tsure\tthat\tthe\tpatient\tor\tcaregiver\tcan\tdemonstrate\tunderstanding\tof\tthe\tfeeding\tprocess\tby\neither\texplaining\tit\tor\tby\tdoing\tit.\nPatients\treceiving\n\tHEN\tmay\trece... | [
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0.03079... |
oversight\tby\tthe\tprovider.\tMany\tenteral\tpatients\treceive\tservices\tfrom\ta\t\ndurable\tmedical\tequipment\n(DME)\tprovider\n\tthat\tmay\tor\tmay\tnot\tprovide\tclinical\tservices.\tA\thome\tinfusion\tprovider\tprovides\nintravenous\ttherapies,\tincluding\thome\tPN,\tintravenous\tantibiotics,\tand\tother\ttherap... | [
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0.0696... |
agencies\tmay\tbe\tassociated\n\twith\ta\tDME\tcompany\tor\ta\thome\tinfusion\tagency\tto\tprovide\tnursing\tservices\tto\nhome\tEN\tor\tPN\tpatients.\tOften\tthe\tpatient’s\treimbursement\tsource\tfor\thome\ttherapy\tplays\ta\tmajor\trole\tin\ndetermining\tthe\ttype\tof\thome\tinfusion\tprovider.\tIn\tfact,\treimburse... | [
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0.0443... |
ability\tto\treceive\thome\ttherapy\tof\tany\tkind\tand\tshould\tbe\tevaluated\tearly\tin\tthe\tcare\tplan\tso\tthat\nappropriate\n\tdecisions\tcan\tbe\tmade\tbefore\tdischarge\tor\tinitiating\ta\ttherapy.\nCompanies\tthat\tprovide\thome\tinfusion\tservices\tfor\tEN\tor\tPN\tcan\tbe\tprivate\tor\taffiliated\twith\tacut... | [
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0.050046432... |
facilities.\tCriteria\tfor\tselecting\ta\thome\tcare\tcompany\tto\tprovide\tnutrition\tsupport\tshould\tbe\tbased\ton\tthe\ncompany’s\tability\tto\tprovide\tongoing\tmonitoring,\tpatient\teducation,\tand\tcoordination\tof\tcare.\tHowever,\tin\ntoday’s\tworld\n\thospital\tor\tpatient\tinsurance\tcontracts\toften\tdictat... | [
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0.066693... |
receiving\thome\tEN\tor\tPN,\tit\tis\timportant\tto\tdetermine\twhether\tthe\tprovider\thas\tan\tRDN\ton\tstaff\tor\taccess\nto\tthe\tservices\tof\tan\tRDN.\tThe\tRDN\tis\tuniquely\tqualified\tnot\tonly\tto\tprovide\toversight\tand\tmonitoring\tfor\nthe\tpatient\twhile\treceiving\tEN\tor\tPN\tbut\talso\tto\tprovide\tth... | [
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suggestions\twhen\tthe\tpatient\ttransitions\tbetween\ttherapies.\nEthical\tissues\nWhether\tto\tprovide\tor\twithhold\tnutrition\tsupport\tis\toften\ta\tcentral\tissue\tin\tend-of-life\tdecision\tmaking.\tFor\npatients\twho\tare\tterminally\till\tor\tin\ta\tpersistent\tvegetative\tstate,\tnutrition\tsupport\tcan\texte... | [
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0.1... |
point\tthat\tissues\tof\tquality\tof\tlife\tand\tthe\tpatient’s\tright\tto\tself-determination\tcome\tinto\tplay.\n\tOften\nsurrogate\tdecision\tmakers\tare\tinvolved\tin\ttreatment\tdecisions.\tThe\tnutrition\tsupport\tclinician\thas\ta\nresponsibility\tto\tknow\twhether\tdocumentation,\tsuch\tas\ta\tliving\twill\treg... | [
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0.0773128... |
nutrition\tsupport,\tis\tin\tthe\tmedical\trecord\tand\twhether\tcounseling\tand\tsupport\tresources\tfor\tlegal\tand\nethical\taspects\tof\tpatient\tcare\tare\tavailable\tto\tpatients\tand\ttheir\tsignificant\tothers.\nCLINICAL\tCASE\tSTUDY\nA\t24-year-old\thas\tnewly\tdiagnosed\ttype\t1\tdiabetes\tmellitus\tand\tCroh... | [
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0.0... |
surgery\tfor\tremoval\tof\tone\tthird\tof\ther\tileum.\tShe\tis\t75%\tof\ther\tusual\tweight,\twhich\tis\t125\tlb;\tshe\tis\t65\ninches\ttall.\tShe\trequires\tspecialized\tnutrition\tsupport\tfor\tseveral\tmonths\tuntil\ther\tbody\tadapts\tto\tthe\nshortened\tbowel. | [
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13\nEducation\tand\tcounseling:\nBehavioral\tchange\nKaren\tChapman-Novakofski,\tPhD,\tRDN,\tLDN,\tL.\tKarina\tDíaz\tRios,\tPhD,\tRDN\nKEY\tTERMS\nacceptance\tand\tcommitment\ttherapy\t(ACT)\nalignment\nbehavior\tchange\nbehavior\tmodification\nbeneficence\ncognitive\tbehavioral\ttherapy\t(CBT)\ncognitive\tdissonance\n... | [
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0.0553... |
cognitive\tdissonance\ncultural\tcompetency\ndiscrepancy\ndeep\tstructure\ndouble-sided\treflection\nempathy\nhealth\n\tbelief\tmodel\t(HBM)\nhealth\tliteracy\nmaleficence\nmotivational\tinterviewing\t(MI)\nnegotiation\nnormalization\nnutrition\tcounseling\nnutrition\teducation\npeer\teducator\nPRECEDE-PROCEED\tmodel\n... | [
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0.026540... |
reflective\tlistening\nreframing\nself-efficacy\nself-management\nsocial\tcognitive\ttheory\t(SCT)\nsocial-ecological\tmodel\nstages\tof\tchange\nsurface\tstructure\ntheory\tof\tplanned\tbehavior\t(TPB)\ntranstheoretical\n\tmodel\t(TTM)\nKey\tfactors\tin\tchanging\tdietary\tbehaviors\tare\tthe\tperson’s\tawareness\ttha... | [
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0.01263... |
the\tmotivation\tto\tchange.\tWithin\tthe\tnutrition\tcare\tprocess,\tnutrition\teducation\tand\tnutrition\ncounseling\tboth\tprovide\tinformation\tand\tmotivation,\tbut\tthey\tdo\tdiffer.\t\nNutrition\teducation\n\tcan\tbe\nindividualized\tor\tdelivered\tin\ta\tgroup\tsetting;\tit\tis\tusually\tmore\tpreventive\tthan\... | [
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0.026... |
and\nthere\tis\ta\ttransmission\tof\tknowledge.\t\nNutrition\tcounseling\n\tis\tmost\toften\tused\tduring\tmedical\nnutrition\ttherapy,\tone-on-one.\tIn\tthe\tone-on-one\tsetting,\tthe\tnutritionist\tsets\tup\ta\ttransient\tsupport\nsystem\tto\tprepare\tthe\tclient\tto\thandle\tsocial\tand\tpersonal\tdemands\tmore\teff... | [
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0.001541924779303372,
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identifying\tfavorable\tconditions\tfor\tchange.\tThe\tgoal\tof\tboth\tnutrition\teducation\tand\tnutrition\ncounseling\n\tis\tto\thelp\tindividuals\tmake\tmeaningful\tchanges\tin\ttheir\tdietary\tbehaviors. | [
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0.03442... |
Behavior\tchange\nAlthough\tthere\tare\tdifferences\tbetween\teducation\tand\tcounseling\tas\tintervention\ttechniques,\tthe\ndistinctions\tare\tnot\tas\timportant\tas\tthe\tshared\tand\tdesired\toutcome—behavior\tchange.\t\nBehavior\nchange\n\trequires\ta\tfocus\ton\tthe\tbroad\trange\tof\tactivities\tand\tapproaches\... | [
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0.0382008813... |
choosing\tfood\n\tand\tbeverages\tin\ttheir\tcommunity\tand\thome\tenvironment.\t\nBehavior\tmodification\nimplies\tthe\tuse\tof\ttechniques\tto\talter\ta\tperson’s\tresponse\tto\tenvironmental\tcues\tthrough\tpositive\nand\tnegative\treinforcement,\tand\treduction\tof\tmaladaptive\tbehaviors.\tIn\tthe\tcontext\tof\tnu... | [
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0.10657692700624466,
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0.016421694308519363,
0.02085... |
education\tand\tcounseling\tcan\tassist\tthe\tindividual\tin\tachieving\tshort-term\tor\tlong-term\tbehavioral\ngoals\tto\timprove\thealth\n\toutcomes.\nFactors\taffecting\tthe\tability\tto\tchange\nMultiple\tfactors\taffect\ta\tperson’s\tability\tor\tdesire\tto\tchange,\tthe\teducator’s\tability\tto\tteach\tnew | [
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0.0015502882888540626,
0.013... |
information\tand\tskills,\tand\tthe\tcounselor’s\tability\tto\tstimulate\tand\tsupport\tprogressive\tchanges.\nThe\t\nSocial-Ecological\tModel\n\t(\nMcLeroy\tet\tal,\t1988\n;\t\nFig.\t13.1\n)\tillustrates\tthe\tdifferent\tlevels\tof\ninfluence\tthat\taffect\tchange:\tpersonal,\tinterpersonal,\n\tinstitutional,\tcommuni... | [
0.030659222975373268,
-0.004210644867271185,
0.049835048615932465,
-0.016073422506451607,
-0.04278578981757164,
0.006652844604104757,
0.08911304920911789,
-0.01567297987639904,
-0.031197763979434967,
0.0651637613773346,
0.1435500830411911,
-0.07640846818685532,
0.013494971208274364,
-0.007... |
institutional,\tcommunity,\tand\tpolicy\tlevels.\tThis\nmulti-level,\tcomprehensive\tmodel\tis\toften\tused\tto\tguide\thealth\tpromotion\tand\tdisease\tprevention\nprograms.\tThe\t2015–2020\tDietary\tGuidelines\tfor\tAmericans\tsupport\tthe\tuse\tof\tthe\tSocial-Ecological\nModel\tfor\tpursuing\tchanges\tin\tdiet\tand... | [
0.028558969497680664,
-0.05228094011545181,
0.05516595393419266,
0.0017164881573989987,
-0.06884287297725677,
-0.028396781533956528,
0.02255677618086338,
-0.03415956348180771,
0.004332176875323057,
0.055008694529533386,
0.12023725360631943,
-0.05307749658823013,
0.002542648697271943,
0.052... |
U.S.\tDepartment\tof\tHealth\tand\nHuman\tServices\tand\tU.S.\tDepartment\tof\tAgriculture,\t2015\n).\nFIG.\t13.1\nThe\tSocial-Ecological\tModel.\tBehavior\tchange\tcan\tbe\tinfluenced\tat\tthe\tpersonal,\tinterpersonal,\ninstitutional,\tcommunity,\tand\tpolicy\tlevels.\n\tSource:\t(Adapted\tfrom:\tConducting\tEffectiv... | [
0.006005279719829559,
0.005104142241179943,
0.049014657735824585,
-0.02079450897872448,
-0.04940035566687584,
-0.0032900592777878046,
0.056945279240608215,
-0.03044155240058899,
0.018194014206528664,
0.04604882746934891,
0.1103493869304657,
-0.09634355455636978,
0.021482056006789207,
-0.00... |
Step\tGuide.\tIn\tContento\tIR.\tNutrition\tEducation:\tLinking\tresearch,\ttheory,\tand\tpractice\t[2nd\ted.],\t2011.)\nFinancial\tconstraints;\tperceived\tlack\tof\ttime;\tsituational\texpectations;\n\tlack\tof\tpreparation,\nknowledge,\tand\tskills;\tlow\tmotivation;\tand\tinadequate\tfamily\tor\tsocial\tsupport\tar... | [
-0.04329101741313934,
-0.01189690176397562,
0.02131461910903454,
-0.039760246872901917,
-0.06763911247253418,
0.026493104174733162,
0.043705713003873825,
0.03683730214834213,
-0.030952725559473038,
0.012090347707271576,
0.04902464523911476,
0.03179764375090599,
0.07261988520622253,
0.01050... |
personal\tand\tinterpersonal\tfactors\tthat\tmay\tbe\tbarriers\tfor\tobtaining\tand\tmaintaining\tan\tadequate\ndiet\t(\nMunt\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\tWith\ta\tpopulation\tthat\tis\tculturally\tdiverse,\tit\tis\timperative\tto\tappreciate\tthe\ndifferences\tin\tunderstanding,\tbeliefs,\tand\tvalues\tthat\tmay\tinfluence\tth... | [
0.04617125168442726,
-0.0264731477946043,
0.10443099588155746,
-0.006159239448606968,
-0.07931483536958694,
0.020076198503375053,
0.14434874057769775,
-0.02455708384513855,
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0.042804211378097534,
0.12742657959461212,
-0.06018298119306564,
-0.016368471086025238,
0.0141... |
to\tchange.\nPhysical\tand\temotional\tfactors\tmay\talso\tmake\tit\thard\tto\tchange,\tespecially\tfor\tsome\tpopulations.\nOlder\tadults\tneed\teducation\tand\tcounseling\tprograms\tthat\taddress\ttheir\tformer\tpositive\tor\tnegative\nexperiences\twith\tfood\tand\teating\tbehaviors,\ttheir\tfinancial\tand\tfood\tsec... | [
0.0027966697234660387,
-0.02922869846224785,
0.05467231571674347,
0.0028382055461406708,
-0.06122678890824318,
-0.018045596778392792,
0.12136826664209366,
-0.049111105501651764,
-0.01840992644429207,
0.07648421078920364,
0.13530656695365906,
-0.04545348510146141,
0.03466947749257088,
0.001... |
their\twillingness\tto\tuse\tfood\tassistance\tprograms,\ttransportation\tissues,\tphysical\tchanges\n\tthat\taffect\nfood\taccess\tand\tintake,\tand\tsocial\tinfluences\t(\nOemichen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tFor\tfamilies,\ttime\trestraints,\nchild-parent\tinterplay,\tsibling\tdynamics,\tstressful\teveryday\tlife,\tand\ta\t... | [
0.019472140818834305,
-0.043938543647527695,
0.08700991421937943,
-0.0002033373893937096,
-0.06254000961780548,
-0.012131385505199432,
0.12039752304553986,
0.005758208222687244,
0.0018470736686140299,
0.04393521323800087,
0.13595828413963318,
-0.07426904141902924,
0.019810155034065247,
0.0... |
arena\tof\tparental\tconcerns\tmay\talso\thinder\tchanges\tin\tfood\tintake\t(\nNorman\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\tFor\nchildren,\tbarriers\tto\tsound\teating\tchoices\tinclude\tfood\tmarketing,\ttaste\tpreferences,\n\tfood\tinsecurity,\nand\tthe\tavailability\tof\tcompeting\tfoods\tof\tlow\tnutritional\tquality\t(\nOgle\tet\t... | [
-0.02412632666528225,
-0.029897820204496384,
0.007687145844101906,
-0.04080217704176903,
-0.07966990023851395,
0.020732443779706955,
0.07853876054286957,
-0.018810078501701355,
0.014703196473419666,
0.014444109052419662,
0.10110585391521454,
-0.06153478845953941,
0.04469405114650726,
0.010... |
Ogle\tet\tal,\t2017\n;\t\nNicklas\tet\tal,\n2013\n).\tAcross\tall\tages,\tculture\taffects\tnot\tonly\twhat\tfoods\tare\teaten\tand\thow,\tbut\talso\tperceptions\nabout\teducation,\tcounseling,\thealth,\tand\thealth\tcare.\nModels\tfor\tbehavior\tchange\nChanging\tbehavior\tis\tthe\tultimate\tgoal\tfor\tnutrition\tcoun... | [
-0.03673572465777397,
0.021324094384908676,
0.061168696731328964,
-0.038546122610569,
-0.05232542008161545,
0.00455876300111413,
0.059485889971256256,
0.0014141410356387496,
-0.03382759168744087,
0.05147045850753784,
0.09896582365036011,
-0.05566997453570366,
0.01500807423144579,
-0.028726... |
or\ta\tlist\tof\tfoods\tcan\treinforce\tinformation,\tbut\tit\tusually\tis\tnot\tenough\tto\tchange\teating\tbehavior.\nBehavioral\tscience\thas\tprovided\tvaluable\tinsight\tinto\tthe\tmany\tdifferent\tfactors\tthat\tinfluence\twhat\nsomeone\teats\tand\thas\thelped\tidentify\tseveral\tmediators\tof\tpeople’s\teating\t... | [
0.019118275493383408,
-0.08214455842971802,
0.07066594064235687,
-0.03029896318912506,
-0.08981148153543472,
0.04214852303266525,
0.08080217987298965,
-0.0150671461597085,
-0.02359141781926155,
0.07217667996883392,
0.12172804027795792,
-0.051353733986616135,
0.02947290986776352,
0.01438192... |
intervene.\tHealth\tprofessionals,\tincluding\tregistered\tdietitian\tnutritionists,\tcan\tsupport\tindividuals\nin\tdeciding\twhat\tand\twhen\tto\tchange\tby\tusing\ta\tvariety\tof\thealth\tbehavior\ttheories.\tSome\tof\tthe\ntheories\tfor\tbehavior\tchange\tmost\tcommonly\tused\tare\tlisted\tin\t\nTable\t13.1\n,\twit... | [
-0.006633077282458544,
0.012325414456427097,
0.05265608802437782,
-0.04358885437250137,
-0.08496634662151337,
0.020157838240265846,
0.05171594023704529,
-0.012125871144235134,
-0.05980207771062851,
0.04321547597646713,
0.08889783173799515,
-0.02374613843858242,
0.006686416920274496,
0.0126... |
,\twith\texamples\tdescribed\nin\tthe\tfollowing\tparagraphs.\nTABLE\t13.1\nOverview\tof\tBehavior\tTheories\tUsed\tin\tNutrition\tEducation\tand\tCounseling\nHealth\tBelief\tModel\t(HBM)\nPerceived\tsusceptibility:\tClients\tbeliefs\tregarding\tthe\n\tchance\tthat\tthey\nmay\tget\ta\tcondition\tor\tdisease\nPerceived\... | [
0.0024481345899403095,
-0.033336542546749115,
0.02355385199189186,
-0.02229657582938671,
-0.0728597342967987,
0.004083666484802961,
0.08903144299983978,
-0.015210732817649841,
-0.00760557409375906,
0.03226929530501366,
0.1168610006570816,
-0.028220662847161293,
0.05864495038986206,
0.00188... |
its\tconsequences\tare\nPerceived\tbenefits:\tAn\tindividual’s\tbelief\tin\tthe\tpositive\teffects\tof\tthe\nadvised\taction\tin\treducing\tthe\trisk\tor\tthe\tseriousness\tof\ta\tcondition\nPerceived\tbarriers:\tAn\tindividual’s\tbelief\tabout\tthe\ttangible\tand\npsychological\tcosts\tof\tthe\tadvised\taction\nSelf-e... | [
0.009975957684218884,
-0.04640992358326912,
0.04137764126062393,
-0.027029231190681458,
-0.09381861984729767,
0.03947890177369118,
0.10947101563215256,
0.033342309296131134,
0.015802999958395958,
0.029918452724814415,
0.08829563111066818,
-0.03144630044698715,
0.055905476212501526,
0.02672... |
action\nCues\tto\taction:\tStrategies\tto\tactivate\tone’s\treadiness\tto\tchange\ta\nbehavior\nSocial\tCognitive\tTheory\t(SCT)\nPersonal\tfactors:\tOutcome\texpectations,\tself-efficacy,\treinforcements,\nimpediments,\tgoals\tand\tintentions,\trelapse\tprevention\nBehavioral\tfactors:\tKnowledge\tand\tskills,\tself-r... | [
0.011277660727500916,
-0.06889473646879196,
0.047727521508932114,
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0.061284832656383514,
0.12708312273025513,
0.044546376913785934,
-0.018593093380331993,
0.03608940169215202,
0.09536396712064743,
-0.01581411622464657,
0.020199185237288475,
-0.00... |
and\tgoal\n\tsetting\nEnvironmental\tfactors:\tInclude\timposed,\tselected,\tand\tcreated\nenvironments\nTheory\tof\tPlanned\tBehavior\n(TPB)\nSubjective\tnorms:\tThe\tpeople\twho\tmay\tinfluence\tthe\tpatient\nAttitudes:\tWhat\tthe\tpatient\tthinks\tabout\tthe\tbehavior\nPerceived\tcontrol:\tHow\tmuch\tcontrol\tthe\tp... | [
0.053676582872867584,
-0.005691199563443661,
0.07298882305622101,
-0.01761305332183838,
-0.11256822943687439,
0.03650548681616783,
0.07899949699640274,
-0.029372138902544975,
-0.0012598877074196935,
0.02460480108857155,
0.11111962050199509,
-0.07600010931491852,
0.040584176778793335,
0.024... |
that\taffect\tthe\tbehavior\nBehavioral\tintention:\tWhether\tthe\tpatient\tplans\tto\tperform\tthe\nbehavior\nTranstheoretical\tModel\t(TTM),\nor\tStages\tof\tChange\tModel\nPrecontemplation:\tThe\tindividual\thas\tnot\tthought\tabout\tmaking\ta\nchange.\nContemplation:\tThe\tindividual\thas\tthought\tabout\tmaking\ta... | [
0.04358179122209549,
-0.06103960797190666,
0.05468413233757019,
-0.07340902835130692,
-0.15179796516895294,
0.012374338693916798,
0.06277555972337723,
0.010496100410819054,
0.04965981841087341,
0.050831377506256104,
0.11969763040542603,
-0.045687705278396606,
0.04647061228752136,
0.0289521... |
has\tdone\tno\tmore\tthan\tthink\tabout\tit.\nPreparation:\tThe\tindividual\thas\ttaken\tsome\tsteps\tto\tbegin\tto\tmake\tthe\ndesired\tchange.\nAction:\tThe\tindividual\thas\tmade\tthe\tchange\tand\tcontinues\tit\tfor\tless\nthan\n\t6\tmonths.\nMaintenance:\tThe\tindividual\thas\tcontinued\tthe\tbehavior\tfor\tlonger... | [
-0.00486964313313365,
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0.08330576121807098,
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0.02690616250038147,
0.06878960877656937,
-0.002874406985938549,
0.001082565519027412,
0.07119623571634293,
0.09356921911239624,
-0.04138394072651863,
0.030484972521662712,
-0.000235... |
than\t6\tmonths.\nTermination:\tThe\tindividual\tno\tlonger\tthinks\tabout\tthe\tchange;\tit\thas\nbecome\ta\thabit.\nHealth\tbelief\tmodel\nThe\t\nhealth\tbelief\tmodel\t(HBM)\n\tfocuses\ton\ta\tdisease\tor\tcondition\tand\tfactors\tthat\tmay\tinfluence\nbehavior\trelated\tto\tthat\tdisease\t(\nRosenstock,\t1974\n;\t\... | [
0.001032578176818788,
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0.024422254413366318,
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0.019854528829455376,
0.014442161656916142,
0.02589794620871544,
0.005146191455423832,
0.040443021804094315,
0.11231593042612076,
-0.03145909681916237,
0.04509864002466202,
-0.023... |
Rosenstock,\t1974\n;\t\nJames\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tThese\tfactors\tinclude\nperceived\tthreat\tand\tseverity\tfrom\tthe\tdisease,\tas\twell\tas\tcues\tto\taction\tfrom\tthe\tenvironment\tand\nperceived\tbenefits,\tbarriers,\tand\tself-efficacy\trelated\tto\tengaging\tin\tpreventive\tor\tdisease\nmanagement\tbehaviors.\t... | [
0.035703860223293304,
-0.04575714096426964,
0.024343160912394524,
-0.018250076100230217,
-0.0358673632144928,
0.07388024032115936,
0.0685037150979042,
0.07075241208076477,
-0.042851291596889496,
0.005047447979450226,
0.04949560388922691,
0.016288194805383682,
0.004891716875135899,
0.005636... |
osteoporosis,\tfocusing\ton\tbarriers\tto\tand\tbenefits\tof\tchanging\tbehaviors\t(\nBabatunde\tet\tal,\t2011\n;\nPlawecki\tand\tChapman-Novakofski,\t2013\n).\tThe\tclinician\tmay\task\twhat\tthey\tperceive\tcould\tbe\tthe\noutcome\tif\tthey\thad\tosteoporosis,\tas\tthis\tinformation\tmay\tbe\tpart\tof\tthe\tdecisiona... | [
0.014160435646772385,
-0.040021952241659164,
0.06389962881803513,
-0.006391483824700117,
-0.0955553948879242,
0.0163656547665596,
0.062380000948905945,
0.011504062451422215,
-0.01160636730492115,
0.033800408244132996,
0.08195722848176956,
-0.035084716975688934,
0.014545938931405544,
0.0283... |
change\tan\teating\tbehavior.\nSocial\tcognitive\ttheory\nSocial\tcognitive\ttheory\t(SCT)\n\texplains\tthe\treciprocal\tinteraction\tamong\tpersonal,\tbehavioral,\tand\nenvironmental\tfactors\t(\nBandura,\t1977\n,\t\n1986\n).\tThis\tmeans\ta\tperson’s\tbehavior\tis\tmodeled\tby\tthe\nenvironment,\tand\tconversely,\tth... | [
0.041675396263599396,
0.01986055262386799,
0.1014057844877243,
-0.03489666059613228,
-0.07232919335365295,
0.02988988719880581,
0.06329040229320526,
-0.03616933897137642,
-0.00975846778601408,
0.07597780227661133,
0.1296808272600174,
-0.13800543546676636,
-0.016291333362460136,
0.002298974... |
behavioral\tgoals.\tBecause\tit\tis\tone\tof\tthe\tmost\tcomprehensive\ttheories,\tSCT\tis\tparticularly\tuseful\tto\nunderstand\tcomplex\tbehaviors,\tsuch\tas\teating.\tSome\tof\tthe\tmost\trelevant\tSCT\tconcepts\tto\ncounseling\tinclude\tself-efficacy,\tself-regulation\tthrough\tgoal\tsetting,\tand\trelapse\tprevent... | [
0.025054238736629486,
-0.06941096484661102,
0.05060560628771782,
-0.025958489626646042,
-0.09915386885404587,
0.022783678025007248,
0.08655893057584763,
0.01706726662814617,
-0.020812343806028366,
0.05480397120118141,
0.08919242024421692,
-0.0033048500772565603,
0.05365351587533951,
0.0195... |
means\tof\tpositive\n\treinforcement\t(\nMatwiejczyk\tet\tal,\t2018\n;\t\nVilaro\tet\tel,\t2016\n).\tBehavior\tmodeling\tis\nespecially\timportant\tto\temphasize\twhen\tcounseling\tparents\twith\tyoung\tchildren\t(\nYee\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nThe\tnutrition\tcounselor\tmay\tassess\tthe\tclient’s\tself-efficacy\tand\tguide... | [
0.024056294932961464,
0.02909744158387184,
0.06103126332163811,
-0.03756314516067505,
-0.08498174697160721,
0.025984596461057663,
0.05446411296725273,
0.05133162438869476,
0.010383891873061657,
0.011483938433229923,
0.1282762736082077,
-0.017855320125818253,
0.03751184046268463,
0.00435420... |
to\tdevelop\tthe\tskills\tneeded\tto\tchange\ttheir\teating\tbehavior.\nTheory\tof\tplanned\tbehavior | [
0.03180671110749245,
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0.031150640919804573,
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0.10786794126033783,
0.026607653126120567,
0.00020597981347236782,
0.0736495852470398,
0.09145605564117432,
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0.02090492472052574,
0.01011286... |
The\t\ntheory\tof\tplanned\tbehavior\t(TPB)\n\tis\tan\textension\tof\tthe\ttheory\tof\treasoned\taction,\tconceived\nin\tthe\t1960s\tto\tdescribe\tintentions\tas\tprecursors\tof\tbehavior\tat\ta\tgiven\ttime\tand\tplace.\tThe\toriginal\ntheory\twas\texpanded\tto\taccount\tfor\tthe\tability\tof\tpeople\tto\texert\tcontr... | [
0.03571632131934166,
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0.06425157934427261,
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0.03236091136932373,
0.07481835037469864,
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0.02853608876466751,
0.0815422385931015,
0.14166317880153656,
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0.027542104944586754,
0.0140111139... |
theory\twas\tintended\tto\texplain\tall\tbehaviors\tover\twhich\tpeople\thave\tthe\tability\tto\texert\tself-control.\n(\nAjzen,\t1991\n;\t\nFishbein\tand\tAjzen,\t2010\n).\tIntentions\tare\tpredicted\tby\tattitudes,\tsubjective\tnorms\n(important\tothers),\tand\tperceived\tcontrol\t(self-efficacy).\tThis\ttheory\tis\t... | [
0.029486514627933502,
0.005467182025313377,
0.06807029247283936,
-0.020871462300419807,
-0.06285852938890457,
0.023470314219594002,
0.09521559625864029,
0.05612500384449959,
-0.04852943867444992,
0.036510635167360306,
0.10915032029151917,
0.013734458945691586,
0.0019606437999755144,
0.0096... |
discrete\tbehavior\tis\ttargeted\t(e.g.,\tvegetable\tintake),\tbut\thas\talso\tbeen\tused\tfor\thealthy\tdiet\nconsumption\t(\nSheats\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nTranstheoretical\tmodel\tof\tchange\nThe\t\ntranstheoretical\tmodel\t(TTM)\n,\tor\t\nstages\tof\tchange\n\tmodel,\thas\tbeen\tused\n\tfor\tmany\tyears\tto | [
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0.06389354169368744,
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0.10038191080093384,
0.11709427088499069,
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0.03046022355556488,
0.05159... |
,\tor\t\nstages\tof\tchange\n\tmodel,\thas\tbeen\tused\n\tfor\tmany\tyears\tto\nalter\taddictive\tbehaviors,\tand\tis\toften\tdescribed\tas\t“tailored\teducation.”\tTTM\tdescribes\tbehavior\nchange\tas\ta\tprocess\tin\twhich\tindividuals\tprogress\tthrough\ta\tseries\tof\tsix\tdistinct\tstages\tof\tchange,\nas\tshown\t... | [
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0.06594941020011902,
0.0005578420241363347,
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0.04455559700727463,
0.08565904945135117,
-0.006292576901614666,
0.03517777472734451,
0.0... |
as\tshown\tin\t\nFig.\t13.2\n\t(\nProchaska\tand\tNorcross,\t2001\n),\twhereby\tthey\tmove\tfrom\texperiential\tto\nbehavioral\tprocesses\tof\tchange.\tThe\tvalue\tof\tthe\tTTM\tis\tin\tdetermining\tthe\tindividual’s\n\tcurrent\nstage,\tthen\tusing\tchange\tprocesses\tmatched\tto\tthat\tstage\t(\nMochari-Greenberger\te... | [
-0.06656123697757721,
-0.015472416765987873,
-0.002544572576880455,
-0.07050390541553497,
-0.11459771543741226,
0.032285869121551514,
0.06326410919427872,
-0.003234429284930229,
-0.001250692643225193,
0.02527489885687828,
0.09117165952920914,
-0.03570377081632614,
0.023933429270982742,
0.0... |
Mochari-Greenberger\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nFIG.\t13.2\nA\tmodel\tof\tthe\tstages\tof\tchange.\tIn\tchanging,\ta\tperson\tprogresses\tup\tthese\tsteps\tto\tmaintenance.\nIf\trelapse\toccurs,\tthe\tclient\tgets\tback\ton\tthe\tsteps\tat\tsome\tpoint\tand\tworks\tup\tthem\tagain.\nModels\tfor\tcounseling\tstrategies\nCogniti... | [
-0.06340037286281586,
-0.052525222301483154,
0.009913760237395763,
-0.07196444272994995,
-0.10672615468502045,
0.00935749989002943,
0.0832061693072319,
0.015123669058084488,
0.03659716248512268,
0.01508770789951086,
0.05645497143268585,
-0.04957253113389015,
0.06445018947124481,
0.03055737... |
Models\tfor\tcounseling\tstrategies\nCognitive\tbehavioral\ttherapy\t(CBT)\n\tfocuses\ton\tidentifying\tand\tchanging\terroneous\tperceptions\tof\nthe\tself,\tenvironment,\tand\tbehavioral\tconsequences.\tCBT\twill\n\toften\tidentify\tbehaviors\tand\tthoughts\nthat\thave\ta\tnegative\timpact\ton\tdesired\tbehavioral\tg... | [
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-0.04685462266206741,
0.06272479891777039,
-0.015636330470442772,
-0.06194324791431427,
0.019211888313293457,
0.028138555586338043,
0.021234722808003426,
0.026601852849125862,
0.05488531291484833,
0.0904543474316597,
-0.08369027078151703,
0.07258250564336777,
0.03389... |
behaviors\tand\tthoughts\t(\nBeck,\t2005\n).\tCBT\tcounselors\tcan\thelp\tclients\texplore\ttroubling\tthemes,\nstrengthen\ttheir\tcoping\tskills,\tand\tfocus\ton\ttheir\twell-being\t(\nDobson\tand\tDobson,\t2017\n).\nCBT\tis\toften\tused\tfor\tobesity\tinterventions,\teating\tdisorders,\tand\tchronic\tdisease\n\tmanag... | [
-0.018482297658920288,
0.005084378179162741,
0.046930573880672455,
-0.022014658898115158,
-0.06671757251024246,
-0.019955571740865707,
0.08238927274942398,
0.0003828541957773268,
-0.009688884019851685,
0.05898213014006615,
0.10179376602172852,
-0.03766357898712158,
0.03196027874946594,
0.0... |
management\nwhen\tdepression\talso\texists,\tsuch\tas\tin\theart\tfailure\tand\tdiabetes.\tCBT\tis\talso\tused\tin\ta\trange\tof\npsychological\tand\tpsychiatric\tdisorders\t(\nFreedland\tet\tal,\t2015\n;\t\nTovote\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nAcceptance\tand\tcommitment\ttherapy\t(ACT)\n\thelps\tto\tenhance\tmindfulness\tby\tf... | [
0.032031480222940445,
-0.0038053388707339764,
0.05018384009599686,
0.014760195277631283,
-0.04007352143526077,
0.026158407330513,
0.1217103973031044,
-0.036124274134635925,
-0.0379599891602993,
0.03415633738040924,
0.13860873878002167,
-0.021280597895383835,
-0.024210654199123383,
0.022418... |
helps\tto\tenhance\tmindfulness\tby\tfocusing\ton\nthoughts\tand\tfeelings\trelated\tto\tvalued\tbehavior.\tRather\tthan\ttrying\tto\tchange\tthoughts\tor\tfeelings\nas\tin\tCBT,\tACT\tstrives\n\tto\tcreate\ta\tnew\tinternal\tnetwork\tthat\tis\tflexible,\tcompassionate,\taccepting,\nand\treflective\tof\tone’s\tlife\tva... | [
0.0021952399984002113,
-0.04756937548518181,
0.08068222552537918,
-0.036846183240413666,
-0.10403444617986679,
0.021298348903656006,
0.07711281627416611,
-0.04698451608419418,
-0.04554019868373871,
0.011647224426269531,
0.0904025137424469,
-0.024790707975625992,
0.05377623066306114,
0.0124... |
Hayes\tet\tal,\t1999\n).\tACT\thas\tbeen\tused\tin\tcounseling\tfor\noverweight\tand\tobesity\t(\nJärvelä-Reijonen\tet\tal,\t2018\n)\tand\tself-management\tof\tdiabetes\t(\nShayeghian,\n2016\n)\tas\twell\tas\tfor\tprograms\taddressing\tchronic\tpain\t(\nGraham\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nMotivational\tinterviewing\t(MI)\n\tis\... | [
-0.03659749776124954,
-0.051163893193006516,
0.07256718724966049,
-0.028013240545988083,
-0.08757835626602173,
0.03722379729151726,
0.1034243181347847,
-0.04048754647374153,
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0.048417553305625916,
0.11672110110521317,
-0.029957301914691925,
0.021552231162786484,
0.0192... |
is\ta\tcounseling\tstyle\n\tthat\tallows\tthe\tclient\tto\tidentify\tbehavioral\ngoals\tby\tencouraging\ta\tconversation\tabout\tambivalence\tto\tchange\t(\nMiller\tand\tRollnick,\t2012\n).\tIt\thas\nbeen\tused\tin\ta\tvariety\tof\tconditions\tto\tguide\tclients\tto\tidentify\tdiscrepancies\tbetween\thow\tthey | [
0.01761612668633461,
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0.07133497297763824,
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-0.11558855324983597,
0.028305521234869957,
0.08095382899045944,
-0.0509154312312603,
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0.029571615159511566,
0.06819670647382736,
-0.03633525222539902,
0.06635627895593643,
-0.0028007... |
would\tlike\tto\tbehave\tand\thow\tthey\tare\tbehaving,\tand\tultimately\tto\tpromote\ttheir\tmotivation\tto\nchange\ttoward\timproving\tdietary\toutcomes\t(\nSpahn\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tThe\tfollowing\tare\tkey\tprinciples\tof | [
-0.025388851761817932,
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0.08690053969621658,
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0.13189111649990082,
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0.04675513133406639,
0.09771600365638733,
-0.029297582805156708,
0.05907469242811203,
0.0392... |
MI\t(\nMiller\tand\tRollnick,\t2012\n):\nPartnership\nIn\tMI,\tinformation\tis\ttransmitted\tfrom\tone\texpert\tto\tanother.\tThis\timplies\ta\tparadigm\tshift\tfrom\ntraditional\tcounseling\twhere\tthe\tclient\tis\tthe\trecipient\tof\tinformation\tprescribed\tby\tan\texpert.\tThe\nnutrition\tcounselor\tpracticing\tMI\... | [
-0.010788951069116592,
-0.05673117935657501,
0.09806124120950699,
-0.013992383144795895,
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0.025903970003128052,
0.13661500811576843,
0.01136952918022871,
0.007847967557609081,
0.029414605349302292,
0.10117248445749283,
-0.010654491372406483,
0.07055485993623734,
-0.0001... |
language\tabout\n\tchange\tand\tallowing\tthem\tto\topenly\tand\tsafely\tshare\tthe\tbeliefs,\tvalues,\tand\nexpectations\tthat\taffect\ttheir\tability\tto\tchange.\tAcknowledging\tthe\tclient’s\tautonomy\tand\tinherent\nknowledge\tof\tthemselves\tare\tat\tthe\tcenter\tof\tthe\tMI\tinterpersonal\tdynamics.\nAcceptance | [
0.03653954342007637,
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0.06609857827425003,
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0.09497835487127304,
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0.07012050598859787,
0.0675509124994278,
-0.05967830494046211,
0.03499245271086693,
0.03383544... |
Acceptance\nPracticing\tMI\trequires\tunconditional\tacceptance\tof\tthe\tclient’s\thumanity.\tThis\tis\tachieved\tby\nrecognizing\tthe\tclient’s\tinherent\tworth,\n\tby\tconveying\tempathy\tand\toffering\taffirmation,\tand\tby\nproviding\tautonomy\tsupport.\tThe\tnutrition\tcounselor\tdemonstrates\t\nempathy\n\tby\tdi... | [
0.05430562421679497,
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0.06557048857212067,
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0.011645667254924774,
0.09504285454750061,
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0.04467081278562546,
0.09928926080465317,
-0.008880585432052612,
0.015106488019227982,
0.031... |
empathy\n\tby\tdisplaying\tan\nunderstanding\tof\tthe\tclient’s\tperspective\trather\tthan\ta\tjudgmental\tattitude,\taffirms\tthe\tclient’s\nefforts\tand\tresources,\tand\tsupports\tclient’s\tchosen\tpath\tto\tchange.\nClient:\tI\twant\tto\tlose\tweight,\tbut\twith\tthree\tchildren,\ttwo\tjobs,\tand\ta\tdegree\tto\n\t... | [
0.001070293365046382,
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0.10369148850440979,
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0.003486496862024069,
0.11808744817972183,
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0.02255258522927761,
0.01686626859009266,
0.078702911734581,
-0.009085780940949917,
0.05563192069530487,
0.0187040... |
finish,\tI\tjust\ndon’t\thave\ttime.\nNutrition\tCounselor:\tThat\tis\ta\tlot\tto\thandle.\tIf\tthis\tis\tnot\tthe\tbest\ttime,\tI\tunderstand.\tIf\tand\nwhen\tyou\twant\tmy\thelp,\tI\tam\tready\tto\tlisten\tand\thelp\tas\tI\tcan.\nCompassion\nThe\tnutrition\tcounselor\tpracticing\tMI\tdeliberately\tfocuses\ton\tadvanc... | [
0.03901716321706772,
-0.01810632087290287,
0.10039422661066055,
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0.04521520808339119,
0.08347117900848389,
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0.03345112502574921,
0.07092514634132385,
-0.04404306784272194,
0.035345643758773804,
0.010186... |
best\tinterests\tconcerning\ttheir\tdietary\tchoices.\tThis\tmeans\tprioritizing\tthe\tclient’s\n\texpressed\tneeds\nand\tvalues\tover\tthe\tprovision\tof\tauthoritative\tguidance.\nClient:\tI\tneed\tto\tget\ta\tmeal\tout\tfast\tfor\tmy\tfamily\tor\tthey\tare\tout\tthe\tdoor.\nNutrition\tCounselor:\tIt\tis\thard\tto\tg... | [
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0.0601782463490963,
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0.019646625965833664,
0.08011562377214432,
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0.061299726366996765,
0.06042596697807312,
0.022544167935848236,
0.10303156077861786,
-0.02... |
at\tsome\tquick\tmeals\tthat\tare\talso\thealthy?\nEvocation\nPracticing\tMI\tmeans\tinviting\tnew\tperspectives\twithout\timposing\tthem.\tPerceptions\tcan\n\tbe\tshifted,\nand\tthe\tclient\tis\tthe\tmost\tvaluable\tresource\tin\tfinding\tsolutions\tto\tproblems.\tThe\trole\tof\tthe\tnutrition | [
0.027440888807177544,
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0.06513537466526031,
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0.07790578901767731,
0.014310884289443493,
0.04521111398935318,
0.06516217440366745,
0.08374397456645966,
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0.06219858303666115,
0.00253640... |
counselor\tis\tto\thelp\twith\tthis\tprocess\tby\tencouraging\tthe\tevocation\tof\tdietary\texperiences\tand\tthe\nresources\tdeveloped\tas\ta\tresult\tof\tthose.\tAs\tthe\tclient\treviews\tsituations\tin\ttheir\tlives\tand\tbarriers\tto\ndietary\tchanges,\tthe\tnutrition\tcounselor\twill\thear\tambivalence—on\tthe\ton... | [
-0.015090221539139748,
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0.04073379188776016,
-0.03181339427828789,
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0.013774136081337929,
0.07335831224918365,
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0.035626139491796494,
0.03162333369255066,
0.07856433838605881,
-0.015838153660297394,
0.015509949065744877,
0.0543... |
the\tclient\twants\tto\nmake\tchanges;\ton\tthe\tother\thand,\tthe\tclient\tquestions\tthe\tfeasibility\tor\timportance\tof\tchanging.\nIdentifying\tthe\tadvantages\tand\tdisadvantages\tof\tmodifying\ta\tbehavior,\tor\tdeveloping\t\ndiscrepancy\n,\nis\ta\tcrucial\tprocess\tin\tmaking\tchanges.\nClient:\tI\twant\tto\tfo... | [
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0.04894094914197922,
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0.11752698570489883,
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0.05484570190310478,
0.10774246603250504,
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0.08556549996137619,
0.0177... |
Nutrition\tCounselor:\tLet’s\tlook\tat\tyour\tdiet\trecord\tand\tfind\n\tsome\thealthy,\tlow-cost\toptions.\nWhen\tan\tatmosphere\tof\tacceptance\tis\testablished,\tthis\tpondering\tprocess\trepresents\tan\nopportunity\tto\texpress\tempathy\tand\taffirm\tinternalized\tmotivation\tto\tchange.\tFor\texample,\tclients | [
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0.04192737489938736,
0.004637247417122126,
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0.007182296831160784,
0.09527938067913055,
-0.06883379817008972,
0.028277602046728134,
-0.019378... |
who\tare\twary\tof\tdescribing\twhy\tthey\tare\tnot\tready\tto\tchange\tmay\tbecome\tmuch\tmore\topen\tto\nchange\tif\tthey\tperceive\topenness\tto\ttheir\tresistive\tbehaviors.\tWhen\tit\tbecomes\tokay\tto\tdiscuss\nresistance,\tthe\trationale\tfor\tits\toriginal\texistence\tmay\tseem\tless\trelevant. | [
0.03279685229063034,
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0.09575028717517853,
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0.016396338120102882,
0.028830721974372864,
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0.00004756483031087555,
0.06892956048250198,
0.053956106305122375,
-0.07389850169420242,
-0.006543308962136507,
-0.... |
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