question stringlengths 14 399 | distractor3 stringlengths 1 63 | distractor1 stringlengths 1 57 | distractor2 stringlengths 1 62 | correct_answer stringlengths 1 67 | support stringlengths 0 3.56k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
An electromagnetic wave begins with what movement by an electrically charged particle? | momentum | acceleration | diffusion | vibration | An electromagnetic wave begins when an electrically charged particle vibrates. This causes a vibrating electric field, which in turn creates a vibrating magnetic field. The two vibrating fields together form an electromagnetic wave. |
What are the sharp projections that specialized cells grow called? | antlers | ossicles | cilia | spicules | Some of the specialized cells grow short, sharp projections called spicules. Spicules make up the sponge’s internal skeleton, or endoskeleton. The endoskeleton helps to support and protect the sponge. |
What is formed when water vapor in the air condenses into tiny droplets? | hail | smoke | rain | fog | Rock bands often use special stage effects, like the fake fog in this picture. Real fog forms when water vapor in the air condenses into tiny droplets of water. The fake fog shown here formed when solid carbon dioxide changed directly to carbon dioxide gas. |
The main components of the circulatory system are the heart, blood vessels, and what else? | brain | lungs | nerves | blood | The circulatory system can be compared to a system of interconnected, one-way roads that range from superhighways to back alleys. Like a network of roads, the job of the circulatory system is to allow the transport of materials from one place to another. As described in Figure below , the materials carried by the circu... |
From what do tubeworms found deep in the galapagos rift get their energy from? | chemosynthetic viruses | chemosynthetic plants | chemosynthetic fish | chemosynthetic bacteria | Tubeworms deep in the Galapagos Rift get their energy from chemosynthetic bacteria. Tubeworms have no mouth, eyes or stomach. Their survival depends on a symbiotic relationship with the billions of bacteria that live inside them. These bacteria convert the chemicals that shoot out of the hydrothermal vents into food fo... |
What is water falling from the sky called? | acid | snow | temperature | precipitation | |
Coal, oil and natural gas are types of what formed from the remains of once living organisms? | crop fuels | living fossils | fossil compounds | fossil fuels | Coal, oil and natural gas are all fossil fuels formed from the remains of once living organisms. |
In a hot water heater, burning fuel causes the water to get hot because combustion is what type of reaction? | biochemical | endothermic | geothermal | exothermic | A: A hot water heater increases the temperature of water in most homes. Many hot water heaters burn a fuel such as natural gas. The burning fuel causes the water to get hot because combustion is an exothermic reaction. |
What is a force that opposes motion? | thrust | tension | momentum | friction | Friction is a force that opposes motion. Any two objects in contact have what is called a mutual coefficient of friction. To find the force of friction between them, we multiply the normal force by this coefficient. Like the forces above, it arises due to electromagnetic interactions of atoms in two objects. There are ... |
What is another term for a hand lens? | traversing glass | projecting glass | seeing glass | magnifying glass | An example of a lens is a hand lens, also called a magnifying glass. This type of lens makes objects look bigger than they really are. How do you think this happens?. |
The anterior half of the foot is formed by the five what type of bones? | conidia bones | malignancy bones | conidia bones | metatarsal bones | Metatarsal Bones The anterior half of the foot is formed by the five metatarsal bones, which are located between the tarsal bones of the posterior foot and the phalanges of the toes (see Figure 8.19). These elongated bones are numbered 1–5, starting with the medial side of the foot. The first metatarsal bone is shorter... |
What adjective describes the movements that propel the feces during elimination? | hyperplastic | convulsive | enzymatic | peristaltic | The rectum (Figure 16.6) stores feces until defecation. The feces are propelled using peristaltic movements during elimination. The anus is an opening at the far-end of the digestive tract and is the exit point for the waste material. Two sphincters regulate the exit of feces, the inner sphincter is involuntary and the... |
What is transferred in an acid-base reaction | calcium ion | bonding ion | friendly ion | hydrogen ion | Acid-base reactions involve a transfer of a hydrogen ion instead of an electron. Acid-base reactions, like the one below, are also not redox reactions. |
What is the largest planet in our solar system? | earth | uranus | mars | jupiter | Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. Jupiter is named for the king of the gods in Roman mythology. The Romans named the largest planet for their most important god. They followed the tradition of the Greeks, who had similarly named the planet Zeus. The Romans built a temple to Jupiter on the hill. |
What does the ubiquitous generator use to generate currents? | gravity | inertia | water | magnetism | The hint of symmetry between electricity and magnetism found in the preceding chapter will be elaborated upon in this chapter. Specifically, we know that a current creates a magnetic field. If nature is symmetric here, then perhaps a magnetic field can create a current. The Hall effect is a voltage caused by a magnetic... |
What prevents soil erosion on a hillside that is being farmed? | no-till farming | slash-and-burn | irrigation | terracing | Although the hillside is interesting, that's not why this was done. Terracing prevents soil erosion on a hillside that is being farmed. Many techniques can be utilized to reduce soil erosion. |
What do the external female reproductive structures are collectively referred to? | endometrium | cervix | Clitoris | vulva | The external female reproductive structures are referred to collectively as the vulva . They include the labia (singular, labium ), which are the “lips” of the vulva. The labia protect the vagina and urethra, both of which have openings in the vulva. |
What is another name for collar cells? | clutches | enzymes | sporozoans | choanocytes | Morphology of Sponges The morphology of the simplest sponges takes the shape of a cylinder with a large central cavity, the spongocoel, occupying the inside of the cylinder. Water can enter into the spongocoel from numerous pores in the body wall. Water entering the spongocoel is extruded via a large common opening cal... |
What involuntary muscle is found only in the heart? | digestive muscle | physiological muscle | respiratory muscle | cardiac muscle | Cardiac muscle is also an involuntary muscle, found only in the heart. The cardiac muscle fibers all contract together, generating enough force to push blood throughout the body. What would happen if this muscle was under conscious or voluntary control?. |
Most sedimentary rocks form from what? | erosion | volcanic activity | glaciers | sediments | Most sedimentary rocks form from sediments. The sediments must be packed together to form a rock. Sedimentary rocks also form as minerals precipitate from saline water. Sedimentary rock formation is described in the next concept. |
What system serves as the relay between the cns and the internal organs? | limbic nervous system | cellular nervous system | central nervous system | autonomic nervous system | The autonomic nervous system serves as the relay between the CNS and the internal organs. It controls the lungs, the heart, smooth muscle, and exocrine and endocrine glands. The autonomic nervous system controls these organs largely without conscious control; it can continuously monitor the conditions of these differen... |
When pumping blood, the hearts of animals with very long necks must overcome what force? | friction | erosion | evolution | gravity | |
The seasonal movements of animals from one area to another is referred to as? | echolocation | mitigation | hybernation | migration | Migration refers to seasonal movements of animals from one area to another. Migrants typically travel long distances, and travel the same paths each seasonal cycle. Usually, the migrants move to another area in order to find food or mates. Many birds, fish, and insects migrate. Mammals such as whales and caribou migrat... |
Falling onto what joint can fracture the distal humerus? | Foot | thumb | knee | elbow | Figure 8.11 Fractures of the Humerus and Radius Falls or direct blows can result in fractures of the surgical neck or shaft of the humerus. Falls onto the elbow can fracture the distal humerus. A Colles fracture of the distal radius is the most common forearm fracture. |
What term is used to describe the energy reserve carbohydrate of animals? | sucrose | lactose | fructose | glycogen | Glycogen Glycogen is the energy reserve carbohydrate of animals. Practically all mammalian cells contain some stored carbohydrates in the form of glycogen, but it is especially abundant in the liver (4%–8% by weight of tissue) and in skeletal muscle cells (0.5%–1.0%). Like starch in plants, glycogen is found as granule... |
What is used to measure current through a resistor? | microscopes | thermometers | spectrographs | ammeters | Ammeters measure the current through a resistor. |
When struck, how are the rigid crystals of ionic compounds likely to react? | grow | shrink | bend | break | The rigid crystals of ionic compounds are brittle. They are more likely to break than bend when struck. As a result, ionic crystals tend to shatter easily. Try striking salt crystals with a hammer and you’ll find that they readily break into smaller pieces. You can learn more about the properties of ionic compounds by ... |
What type of matter transmits light without scattering it? | reflective | opaque | smooth | transparent | Transparent matter is matter that transmits light without scattering it. Examples of transparent matter include air, pure water, and clear glass. You can see clearly through transparent objects, such as the top panes of the window below , because just about all of the light that strikes them passes through to the other... |
What is the term for the unconscious movements controlled by the somatic nervous system? | tremors | senses | mechanisms | reflexes | The somatic nervous system also controls some unconscious movements, called reflexes. A reflex is a very rapid motor response that is not directed by the brain. In a reflex, nerve impulses travel to and from the spinal cord in a reflex arc , like the one in Figure below . In this example, the person jerks his hand away... |
What organism captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy inside its cell? | insects | autotrophs | plants | phototrophs | Because glaciers move, they have characteristic features like crevasses and bergshrunds. |
By applying salt to an icy road, the melting point of the ice is what? | increased | concentrated | compounded | decreased | Colligative properties have practical applications, such as the salting of roads in cold-weather climates. By applying salt to an icy road, the melting point of the ice is decreased, and the ice will melt more quickly, making driving safer. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and either calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) or magnesium chlor... |
How many pairs of chromosomes do human have ? | 19 pairs | 12 pairs | 31 pairs | 23 pairs | Human Genome, Chromosomes, and Genes. Each chromosome of the human genome contains many genes as well as noncoding intergenic (between genes) regions. Each pair of chromosomes is shown here in a different color. Notice that there are 23 pairs of chromosomes. |
Where do polychaetes live? | lakes | the tundra | great plains | ocean floor | Polychaetes live on the ocean floor. They may be sedentary filter feeders, active predators, or scavengers. Active species crawl along the ocean floor in search of food. |
What term describes a gene or sequence on a chromosome that co-segregates (shows genetic linkage) with a specific trait? | autosomal | nucleic acid chain | analogous effect | genetic marker | 17.2 | Mapping Genomes By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Define genomics • Describe genetic and physical maps • Describe genomic mapping methods Genomics is the study of entire genomes, including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization, and their interactions within a spec... |
What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? | Viens | Heart | tubes | arteries | Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They have thick walls that can withstand the pressure of blood being pumped by the heart. Arteries generally carry oxygen-rich blood. The largest artery is the aorta, which receives blood directly from the heart. |
How many millions of years ago did pangaea begin breaking apart? | 500 | 600 | 400 | 250 | Pangaea has been breaking apart since about 250 million years ago. Divergent plate boundaries formed within the continents to cause them to rift apart. The continents are still moving apart. The Pacific is shrinking as the Atlantic is growing. The Appalachians ( Figure below ) are now on a passive margin. The mighty mo... |
Continental drift also promotes what speciation? | macroevolution | obligate | mutualistic | allopatric | |
Which kind of mutations have the most dramatic effect on proteins? | cancerous mutations | arbitrary mutations | sight mutations | nonsense mutations | These mutations may result in a protein with the same function, with altered function, or with no function. Silent mutations , as they code for the same amino acid, will have no altered effect on the protein. Missense mutations may have a minor effect or a dramatic effect on the protein. Nonsense mutations usually have... |
When skunks are in danger what do they give off? | sweet odor | warning howls | ejected quills | foul smell | |
What kind of reproduction produces genetically identical organisms or clones? | Sexual | Prophase I | Meiosis | asexual | Introduction Animal reproduction is necessary for the survival of a species. In the animal kingdom, there are innumerable ways that species reproduce. Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical organisms (clones), whereas in sexual reproduction, the genetic material of two individuals combines to produce offsp... |
Oceans help control global warming by absorbing what? | methane | hydrogen | ozone | carbon dioxide | Ocean water also absorbs gases from the atmosphere. The most important are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is needed by living things in the oceans. Much of the carbon dioxide sinks to the bottom of the seas. Carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming. By absorbing carbon dioxide, the oceans help control globa... |
A phase diagram plots temperature and what else? | movement | friction | power | pressure | Both temperature and pressure have an effect on the phase in which a given substance exists. A plot of temperature vs. pressure that indicates the states of matter present at each point is known as a phase diagram . Figure below shows the phase diagram for water. |
What kind of hormones are derived from cholesterol? | synthesis | germs | Antibiotic | steroid | 17.2 Hormones Hormones are derived from amino acids or lipids. Amine hormones originate from the amino acids tryptophan or tyrosine. Larger amino acid hormones include peptides and protein hormones. Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol. Steroid hormones and thyroid hormone are lipid soluble. All other amino ac... |
Eukaryotic cell division involves mitosis and what? | spermatogenesis | meiosis | electrolysis | cytokinesis | Eukaryotic cell division involves mitosis and cytokinesis. |
Why do sodium and chloride ions attract each other? | like attracts like | sulfides attract | magnetism | opposites attract | Sodium and chloride ions have equal but opposite charges. Opposites attract, so sodium and chloride ions attract each other. They cling together in a strong ionic bond. You can see this in row 2 of Figure above . Brackets separate the ions in the diagram to show that the ions in the compound do not share electrons. You... |
What layer of soil, essential for farming, has the highest proportion of organic material? | subsoil | bedrock | humus | topsoil | Topsoil has the highest proportion of organic material. Topsoil is essential for farming. |
What are the organized instructions within dna for making proteins called? | replicants | clones | genomes | genes | The DNA of a chromosome is encoded with genetic instructions for making proteins. These instructions are organized into units called genes . Most genes contain the instructions for a single protein. There may be hundreds or even thousands of genes on a single chromosome. |
Macrophages, which can swallow and destroy old and dying cells, bacteria, or viruses, are large types of what cells? | dendritic cells | red blood cells | white brain cells | white blood cells | Macrophages are large WBCs that can also swallow and destroy old and dying cells, bacteria, or viruses. Below, a macrophage is attacking and swallowing two particles, possibly disease-causing pathogens ( Figure below ). Macrophages also release chemical messages that cause the number of WBCs to increase. |
What is the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms bonded together called? | sleep radius | cycle radius | bond radius | atomic radius | Atomic radius is determined as the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms bonded together. |
What is the term for water that contains one or more dissolved substances? | evaporation solution | dilute solution | sediment solution | aqueous solution | We want to focus on solutions where the solvent is water. An aqueous solution is water that contains one or more dissolved substances. The dissolved substances in an aqueous solution may be solids, gases, or other liquids. Some examples are listed in the Table above . Other examples include vinegar (acetic acid in wate... |
Gall bladder removal surgery does not seriously affect digestion because ______ is still being produced. | plasma | saliva | blood | bile | Note Surgical removal is often advised for a gallbladder that becomes infected, inflamed, or perforated. This surgery does not seriously affect digestion because bile is still produced. |
The hepatitis virus attacks only cells of what organ? | brain | lungs | kidney | liver | How Viruses Infect Specific Organs Specific glycoprotein molecules exposed on the surface of the cell membranes of host cells are exploited by many viruses to infect specific organs. For example, HIV is able to penetrate the plasma membranes of specific kinds of white blood cells called T-helper cells and monocytes, as... |
A rusty bike has been left outside in damp weather too many times, so the iron in the metal parts have? | decayed | melted | eroded | rusted | Look at this rusty bike. It has been left outside in damp weather too many times, so the iron in the metal parts has rusted. Iron rusts when it combines with oxygen in the air. Iron rusting is an example of a chemical reaction. In a chemical reaction, substances change into entirely different substances. For example, t... |
What two layers is the skin made of? | Blood and dermis | respiration and dermis | layers and dermis | epidermis and dermis | Skin is made up of two layers, the epidermis on top and the dermis below. The tissue below the dermis is called the hypodermis, but it is not part of the skin. |
What are the three major types of blood vessels? | sculptures , veins , capillaries | arteries , pups , capillaries | arteries, capilaries, tubes | arteries, veins, capillaries | Blood vessels form a network throughout the body to transport blood to all the body cells. There are three major types of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. All three are shown in Figure below and described below. |
What is the name of the protective layer of gases that surrounds the earth and blocks harmful rays from the sun? | the coma | the corona | the protector | the atmosphere | The atmosphere protects living things from the Sun’s most harmful rays. Gases reflect or absorb the strongest rays of sunlight. Figure below models this role of the atmosphere. |
What are colonies of cells stuck to a surface called? | membranes | membranes | cellular coating | biofilms | Prokaryotic cells are extremely small and have a variety of shapes. Most have flagella and a cell wall. They have several other cell structures as well. Their DNA exists as large and small loops. Some prokaryotes form biofilms, which are colonies of cells stuck to a surface. |
Trichomoniasis is cause by what type of pathogen? | worm | virus | bacteria | protozoa | STIs may be caused by several different types of pathogens, including protozoa, insects, bacteria, and viruses. For example: Protozoa cause an STI called trichomoniasis. The pathogen infects the vagina in females and the urethra in males, causing symptoms such as burning and itching. Trichomoniasis is common in young p... |
An increase in what, across the periodic table, explains why elements go from metals to metalloids and then to nonmetals? | protons | neutrons | temperature | electrons | The increase in electrons across the periodic table explains why elements go from metals to metalloids and then to nonmetals from left to right across the table. Look at period 2 in Figure below as an example. Lithium (Li) is a metal, boron (B) a metalloid, and fluorine (F) and neon (Ne) are nonmetals. The inner energy... |
How many pairs of chromosomes are in the human genome? | 13 | 21 | 24 | 23 | The human genome has 23 pairs of chromosomes located in the nucleus of somatic cells. Each chromosome is composed of genes and other DNA wound around histones (proteins) into a tightly coiled molecule. |
What measure is resorted to by people who wish to screen out genetic abnormalities in the fetus? | stem cell therapy | contraceptive use | in vitro fertilization | prenatal testing | A genetic disorder that is caused by a mutation can be inherited. Therefore, people with a genetic disorder in their family may be concerned about having children with the disorder. Professionals known as genetic counselors can help them understand the risks of their children being affected. If they decide to have chil... |
Who built the first telescope? | copernicus | newton | brahe | galileo | Humans have been making and using magnifying lenses for thousands of years. The first telescope was built by Galileo in 1608. His telescope used two lenses to make distant objects appear both nearer and larger. |
Water can be boiled to kill giardia and most other what? | germs | parasites | bacteria | pathogens | Different pathogens spread in different ways. Some pathogens spread through food. They cause food borne illnesses, which are discussed in a previous concept. Some pathogens spread through water. Giardia lamblia is one example. Water can be boiled to kill Giardia and most other pathogens. |
What do you call mixtures of ash and water that travel down river valleys? | mud slides | debris | pollutants | lahars | Lahars are mixtures of ash and water that travel down river valleys. On Mount St. Helens, the eruption melted glaciers. The water mixed with ash from the eruption and created tremendous lahars. The lahars raced down valleys and knocked out many bridges. |
Why do homonuclear diatomic molecules have zero dipole moment? | at homeostasis | no electrical attraction | no activation energy | no difference in electronegativity | A whole molecule may also have a separation of charge, depending on its molecular structure and the polarity of each of its bonds. If such a charge separation exists, the molecule is said to be a polar molecule (or dipole); otherwise the molecule is said to be nonpolar. The dipole moment measures the extent of net char... |
The types of white blood cells that arrive at an inflamed site depend on the nature of what? | blood type | genes | skin color | injury or infection | capillaries cause swelling of the area, which in turn causes pain. Various kinds of white blood cells are attracted to the area of inflammation. The types of white blood cells that arrive at an inflamed site depend on the nature of the injury or infecting pathogen. For example, a neutrophil is an early arriving white b... |
In what season are temperature inversions more common? | summer | spring | autumn | winter | Sometimes air doesn’t mix in the troposphere. This happens when air is cooler close to the ground than it is above. The cool air is dense, so it stays near the ground. This is called a temperature inversion ( Figure below ). An inversion can trap air pollution near the surface. Temperature inversions are more common in... |
Are thunderstorms more likely where the ground temperatures are extremely high or extremely low? | extremely low | somewhat low | somewhat high | extremely high | Thunderstorms grow where ground temperatures are extremely high. |
What type of diseases in humans are caused by protozoa? | diarrhea | protozoa diseases | dysentery | protist diseases | Scientists are searching for ways to create controlled nuclear fusion reactions in order to produce safe nuclear power. Fusion involves only harmless, plentiful elements but requires extremely high temperatures. |
Shark teeth likely evolved from the jagged scales that cover their skin, called what? | pinworm scales | heterotroph scales | hook scales | placoid scales | Chondrichthyes: Cartilaginous Fishes The clade Chondrichthyes is diverse, consisting of sharks (Figure 29.11), rays, and skates, together with sawfishes and a few dozen species of fishes called chimaeras, or “ghost” sharks. ” Chondrichthyes are jawed fishes that possess paired fins and a skeleton made of cartilage. Thi... |
In the human ear, sound waves cause the stapes to press against what? | Idea Window | yellow window | shaped window | oval window | Figure 36.14 In the human ear, sound waves cause the stapes to press against the oval window. Vibrations travel up the fluid-filled interior of the cochlea. The basilar membrane that lines the cochlea gets continuously thinner toward the apex of the cochlea. Different thicknesses of membrane vibrate in response to diff... |
What is the term for proportion of amount of product actually produced in a chemical reaction versus predicted amount ? | percent impact | calculus yield | decrease yield | percent yield | Chemical reactions in the real world don’t always go exactly as planned on paper. In the course of an experiment, many things will contribute to the formation of less product than would be predicted. Besides spills and other experimental errors, there are usually losses due to an incomplete reaction, undesirable side r... |
What creates wet and dry zones at different latitudes? | horse latitudes | jet stream | trade winds | global air currents | Temperature falls from the equator to the poles. Global air currents create wet and dry zones at different latitudes. They also create global winds. |
What term is used to describe the total spread of values in a sample? | scale | variety | axis | range | Many samples have a lot of variation in measurements. Variation can be described with a statistic called the range. The range is the total spread of values in a sample. It is calculated by subtracting the smallest value from the largest value. |
Fermentation—of grains to produce beer, and of fruits to produce wine—is an ancient art that humans in most cultures have practiced for how long? | decades | years | eons | millennia | Fermentation—of grains to produce beer, and of fruits to produce wine—is an ancient art that humans in most cultures have practiced for millennia. Wild yeasts are acquired from the environment and used to ferment sugars into CO2 and ethyl alcohol under anaerobic conditions. It is now possible to purchase isolated strai... |
In which direction does water travel? | uphill | backwards | northwest | downhill | After a heavy rain, you may find puddles of water standing in low spots. The same principle explains why water collects in ponds and lakes. Water travels downhill, so a depression in the ground fills with standing water. A pond is a small body of standing water. A lake is a large body of standing water. Most lakes have... |
The largest population size that can be supported in an area without harming the environment is referred to as what? | population density | population shift | containing capacity | carrying capacity | At what population size does growth start to slow in the logistic model of growth? That depends on the population’s carrying capacity (see Figure above ). The carrying capacity (K) is the largest population size that can be supported in an area without harming the environment. Population growth hits a ceiling at that s... |
What are the smallest particles of elements that maintain their unique properties? | electrons | protons | molecules | atoms | A: The discovery of particles smaller than atoms doesn’t mean that we should scrap the entire theory. Atoms are still known to be the smallest particles of elements that have the properties of the elements. Also, it is atoms—not particles of atoms—that combine in fixed proportions in compounds. Instead of throwing out ... |
Where does the christmas tree worm live? | rainforests | northeast coral reefs | Atlantic shoreline | tropical coral reefs | It is actually the Yellow Christmas tree worm. These animals are colorful, and can be red, orange, yellow, blue, and white. The Christmas tree worm lives on tropical coral reefs throughout the world. The Christmas tree worm's plumes are used for feeding and respiration. These worms use their plumes to catch plankton an... |
What are biomes that occur where a river, a source of fresh water, meets the ocean called? | rapids | waterways | sediments | estuaries | Estuaries: Where the Ocean Meets Fresh Water Estuaries are biomes that occur where a river, a source of fresh water, meets the ocean. Therefore, both fresh water and salt water are found in the same vicinity; mixing results in a diluted (brackish) salt water. Estuaries form protected areas where many of the offspring o... |
What continuously monitors and repairs its genetic material? | proteins | ova | nucleolus | cells | |
What are the large segments of the earth’s crust that ordinarily move very slowly? | distinct plates | ocean plates | lava plates | tectonic plates | Tectonic plates are large segments of the Earth’s crust that move slowly. Suppose that one such plate has an average speed of 4.0 cm/year. (a) What distance does it move in 1 s at this speed? (b) What is its speed in kilometers per million years? 10. (a) Refer to Table 1.3 to determine the average distance between the ... |
Which process causes rocks at the earth's surface to change form? | eroding | bleaching | remodeling | weathering | Weathering changes solid rock into sediments. Sediments are different sizes of rock particles. Boulders are sediments; so is gravel. At the other end, silt and clay are also sediments. Weathering causes rocks at the Earth’s surface to change form. The new minerals that form are stable at the Earth’s surface. |
Chemical reactions always involve energy. when methane burns, for example, it releases energy in the form of what? | heat and movement | movement and light | light and sound | heat and light | Chemical reactions always involve energy. When methane burns, for example, it releases energy in the form of heat and light. Other chemical reactions absorb energy rather than release it. |
Alzheimers disease is associated with memory loss in what group of people? | immigrants | juveniles | prehistoric | elderly | One useful application of PET scanning is in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. This debilitating condition associated with memory loss primarily occurs in elderly individuals. A protein known as beta-amyloid gradually forms deposits, or plaques, in the brain. Severe memory loss and impaired movement appear to be di... |
What global cycle takes place on, above, and below earth’s surface? | water wheel | aqua cycle | water flow | water cycle | Water on Earth is billions of years old. However, individual water molecules keep moving through the water cycle. The water cycle is a global cycle. It takes place on, above, and below Earth’s surface, as shown in Figure below . |
Why are two different minerals considered different though they have the same chemical composition? | different rods structures | different linear structures | different molecular structures | different crystal structures | Sometimes two different minerals have the same chemical composition. But they are different minerals because they have different crystal structures. Diamonds are very valuable as gemstones because they are very pretty and very hard. Graphite is the “lead” in pencils. It's not hard at all! Amazingly, both are made just ... |
What type of mapping is critical for identifying the location of genes that cause genetic diseases? | chemical mapping | interaction mapping | diagnostic mapping | linkage mapping | Determining recombination frequencies between genes located on the same chromosome allows a linkage map to be developed. Linkage mapping is critical for identifying the location of genes that cause genetic diseases. |
When menstrual periods become less frequent and finally cease; this is called? | metabolic | climax | hormonal imbalance | menopause | Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is false? a. Progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle. Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak. Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop. Estrogen levels rise bef... |
What blood protein carries oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body? | dopamine | plasma | platelets | hemoglobin | The blood protein hemoglobin binds with oxygen and carries it from the lungs to cells throughout the body. Heme is a small molecule containing iron that is part of the larger hemoglobin molecule. Oxygen binds to the iron in heme. |
What is the most abundant element in the universe? | fluoride | oxygen | helium | hydrogen | Summary By far the most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen. The fusion of hydrogen nuclei to form helium nuclei is the major process that fuels young stars such as the sun. Elements heavier than helium are formed from hydrogen and helium in the interiors of stars. Successive fusion reactions of helium nuclei ... |
The product of a system’s mass multiplied by its velocity is called what? | horizontal momentum | variation momentum | magnetic momentum | linear momentum | 8.1 Linear Momentum and Force Linear Momentum The scientific definition of linear momentum is consistent with most people’s intuitive understanding of momentum: a large, fastmoving object has greater momentum than a smaller, slower object. Linear momentum is defined as the product of a system’s mass multiplied by its v... |
In response to changing environmental conditions, prokaryotic populations can undergo what process in short periods of time? | fusion | extinction | reproduction | evolution | |
What term means the time in which half of the original number of radioactive nuclei in a sample decay? | partial-life | reduced life | quarter-life | half-life | Half-Life Why use a term like half-life rather than lifetime? The answer can be found by examining Figure 31.21, which shows how the number of radioactive nuclei in a sample decreases with time. The time in which half of the original number of nuclei decay is defined as the half-life, t 1 / 2 . Half of the remaining nu... |
What is a shortage of water that causes the soil to dry from the surface down called? | flood | overflowage | tidal wave | drought | |
What are are segmented invertebrates in phylum annelida called? | corals | flatworms | fungi | annelids | Annelids are segmented invertebrates in Phylum Annelida. They include earthworms, polychaete worms, and leeches. Annelids have a coelom and several organ systems. Their body segments may have a variety of different structures such as tentacles or suckers. Annelids may be predators, parasites, filter feeders, or decompo... |
What is the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain called? | cranial septum | cerebral cortex | spinal cord | corpus callosum | Left Brain, Right Brain Popular media often refer to right-brained and left-brained people, as if the brain were two independent halves that work differently for different people. This is a popular misinterpretation of an important neurological phenomenon. As an extreme measure to deal with a debilitating condition, th... |
Banging on a drum is an example of which type of energy? | potential | solar. | molecular | mechanical | |
What do microbes use to make food? | plants | nitrogen | sunlight | chemicals | Microbes use chemicals to make food. The chemicals pour out of a crack on the ocean floor at a mid-ocean ridge. What consumers live in this ecosystem?. |
Space telescopes avoid such problems completely since they orbit outside the what? | earth's crust | ozone layer | galaxy | atmosphere | Telescopes on Earth all have one big problem: Incoming light must pass through the atmosphere. This blocks some wavelengths of radiation. Also, motion in the atmosphere distorts light. You see this when you see stars twinkling in the night sky. Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.