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T1161
created
2017-12-14 16:46:06.044000+00:00
attack
date
T1161
created
2018-10-17 00:14:20.652000+00:00
attack
date
T1161
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1161
description
Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded. The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time. These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long adjustments are made to ...
attack
string
T1161
description
Enforce that all binaries be signed by the correct Apple Developer IDs, and whitelist applications via known hashes. Binaries can also be baselined for what dynamic libraries they require, and if an app requires a new dynamic library that wasn’t included as part of an update, it should be investigated.
attack
string
T1161
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1161
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1161
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1161
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:20.839000+00:00
attack
date
T1161
modified
2025-04-18 17:59:59.268000+00:00
attack
date
T1161
name
LC_LOAD_DYLIB Addition
attack
string
T1161
name
LC_LOAD_DYLIB Addition Mitigation
attack
string
T1161
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1161
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.1","external_references":[{"url":"https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Wardle-Writing-Bad-A-Malware-For-OS-X.pdf","source_name":"Writing Bad Malware for OSX","description":"Patrick Wardle. (2015). Writing Bad @$$ Malware for OS X. Retrieved July 10, 2017."},{"url":"https://www.virusbulletin...
T1161
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0"}
T1161
revoked
true
attack
boolean
T1161
revoked-by
T1546.006
attack
id
T1161
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1161
attack
url
T1161
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1161
attack
url
T1162
belongs-to-tactic
TA0003
attack
id
T1162
created
2017-12-14 16:46:06.044000+00:00
attack
date
T1162
created
2018-10-17 00:14:20.652000+00:00
attack
date
T1162
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1162
description
MacOS provides the option to list specific applications to run when a user logs in. These applications run under the logged in user's context, and will be started every time the user logs in. Login items installed using the Service Management Framework are not visible in the System Preferences and can only be removed b...
attack
string
T1162
description
Restrict users from being able to create their own login items. Additionally, holding the shift key during login prevents apps from opening automatically (Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac).
attack
string
T1162
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1162
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1162
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1162
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:38.718000+00:00
attack
date
T1162
modified
2025-04-18 17:59:41.043000+00:00
attack
date
T1162
name
Login Item
attack
string
T1162
name
Login Item Mitigation
attack
string
T1162
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1162
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.1","external_references":[{"url":"https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/CreatingLoginItems.html","source_name":"Adding Login Items","description":"Apple. (2016, September 13). Adding Login Items. Retrieved July 11, 2017."},{"url":"https://www....
T1162
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0","external_references":[{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204005","source_name":"Re-Open windows on Mac","description":"Apple. (2016, December 6). Automatically re-open windows, apps, and documents on your Mac. Retrieved July 11, 2017."}]}
T1162
revoked
true
attack
boolean
T1162
revoked-by
T1547.011
attack
id
T1162
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1162
attack
url
T1162
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1162
attack
url
T1163
belongs-to-tactic
TA0003
attack
id
T1163
created
2017-12-14 16:46:06.044000+00:00
attack
date
T1163
created
2018-10-17 00:14:20.652000+00:00
attack
date
T1163
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1163
description
During the boot process, macOS executes <code>source /etc/rc.common</code>, which is a shell script containing various utility functions. This file also defines routines for processing command-line arguments and for gathering system settings, and is thus recommended to include in the start of Startup Item Scripts (Cita...
attack
string
T1163
description
Limit privileges of user accounts so only authorized users can edit the rc.common file.
attack
string
T1163
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1163
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1163
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1163
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:27.347000+00:00
attack
date
T1163
modified
2025-04-18 18:00:12.714000+00:00
attack
date
T1163
name
Rc.common
attack
string
T1163
name
Rc.common Mitigation
attack
string
T1163
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1163
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.1","external_references":[{"url":"https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/StartupItems.html","source_name":"Startup Items","description":"Apple. (2016, September 13). Startup Items. Retrieved July 11, 2017."},{"url":"https://www.virusbulletin.co...
T1163
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0"}
T1163
revoked
true
attack
boolean
T1163
revoked-by
T1037.004
attack
id
T1163
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1163
attack
url
T1163
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1163
attack
url
T1164
belongs-to-tactic
TA0003
attack
id
T1164
created
2017-12-14 16:46:06.044000+00:00
attack
date
T1164
created
2018-10-17 00:14:20.652000+00:00
attack
date
T1164
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1164
description
Starting in Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion), users can specify certain applications to be re-opened when a user reboots their machine. While this is usually done via a Graphical User Interface (GUI) on an app-by-app basis, there are property list files (plist) that contain this information as well located at <code>~/Library/Prefe...
attack
string
T1164
description
Holding the Shift key while logging in prevents apps from opening automatically (Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac). This feature can be disabled entirely with the following terminal command: <code>defaults write -g ApplePersistence -bool no</code>.
attack
string
T1164
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1164
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1164
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1164
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:54.452000+00:00
attack
date
T1164
modified
2025-04-18 17:59:56.953000+00:00
attack
date
T1164
name
Re-opened Applications
attack
string
T1164
name
Re-opened Applications Mitigation
attack
string
T1164
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1164
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.2","external_references":[{"url":"https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf","source_name":"Methods of Mac Malware Persistence","description":"Patrick Wardle. (2014, September). Methods of Malware Persistence on Mac OS X. Retrieved July 5, 2017."}]}
T1164
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0","external_references":[{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204005","source_name":"Re-Open windows on Mac","description":"Apple. (2016, December 6). Automatically re-open windows, apps, and documents on your Mac. Retrieved July 11, 2017."}]}
T1164
revoked
true
attack
boolean
T1164
revoked-by
T1547.007
attack
id
T1164
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1164
attack
url
T1164
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1164
attack
url
T1165
belongs-to-tactic
TA0003
attack
id
T1165
belongs-to-tactic
TA0004
attack
id
T1165
created
2017-12-14 16:46:06.044000+00:00
attack
date
T1165
created
2018-10-17 00:14:20.652000+00:00
attack
date
T1165
deprecated
true
attack
boolean
T1165
description
Per Apple’s documentation, startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items (Citation: Startup Items). This is technically a deprecated versi...
attack
string
T1165
description
Since StartupItems are deprecated, preventing all users from writing to the <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> directory would prevent any startup items from getting registered. Similarly, appropriate permissions should be applied such that only specific users can edit the startup items so that they can’t be leveraged ...
attack
string
T1165
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1165
domain
enterprise-attack
attack
string
T1165
is-subtechnique
false
attack
boolean
T1165
modified
2025-10-24 17:48:34.254000+00:00
attack
date
T1165
modified
2025-04-18 18:00:04.510000+00:00
attack
date
T1165
name
Startup Items
attack
string
T1165
name
Startup Items Mitigation
attack
string
T1165
platform
macOS
attack
string
T1165
rdf:type
Technique
attack
enum
{"version":"1.1","external_references":[{"url":"https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/StartupItems.html","source_name":"Startup Items","description":"Apple. (2016, September 13). Startup Items. Retrieved July 11, 2017."},{"url":"https://www.virusbulletin.co...
T1165
rdf:type
Mitigation
attack
enum
{"version":"1.0"}
T1165
revoked
true
attack
boolean
T1165
revoked-by
T1037.005
attack
id
T1165
url
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1165
attack
url
T1165
url
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1165
attack
url