PMCID string | Title string | Sentences string |
|---|---|---|
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Following the isolation of total RNA, the quality and concentration of the obtained RNA were assessed using a NanoDrop. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Then, the mRNA expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes was analyzed using the Light Cycler 96 instrument system (Roche, USA). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The primer sequences were listed in Table 1. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The 2 method was used to determine the fold change of gene expression (27). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The primer sequences for qRT-PCR analysis. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Data were reported as mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.2.1 (San Diego, CA, USA). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | A one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey post-hoc test was used to show statistically significant differences between the groups. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | P < 0.05 was considered a significant difference. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | All experiments were examined in triplicate. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | SH-SY5Y cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay after 24 h treatment with various concentrations of α-LA, D-gal, and Met. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The results showed that treatment with concentrations higher than 1500 μM of α-LA significantly reduced the SH-SY5Y cell viability (Fig. 1A). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | However, concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, and 125 μM of α-LA did not show any significant effect on cell viability, so these non-toxic concentrations were used for further experiments. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The results also showed that Met up to 20 mM had no notable impact on the viability of SH-SY5Y cells (Fig. 1B). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Therefore, the 5 mM concentration of Met was used for further experiments (2). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | On the other hand, D-gal significantly reduced cell viability, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for D-gal was calculated to be 155 mM (Fig. 1C). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Therefore, a D-gal concentration of 155 mM was used for subsequent experiments. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Effect of (A) α-LA, (B) Met, and (C) D-gal on SEESY5Y cell viability after 24 h; (D) the protective effect of α-LA concentrations (31.25, 62.5, and 125 μM) against the D-gal-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | MTT assay was used for evaluating cell viability. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Untreated and D-gal + Met groups were assigned as negative control and positive control groups, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Met and D-gal were used at the concentrations of 5 and 155 mM, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | P < 0.001 indicates significant difference compared to untreated group; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 versus D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | α-LA, α-lipoic acid; Met, metformin; D-gal, D-galctose. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The MTT assay was also carried out to evaluate the protective effect of α-LA against the cytotoxicity of D-gal in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The findings indicated that α-LA at concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, and 125 μM significantly reduced D-gal-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells (Fig. 1D). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The ONPG assay was conducted to assess the cellular senescence induced by D-gal in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The findings revealed a notable increase in beta-galactosidase levels in the D-gal group in comparison to the untreated cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | However, α-LA and Met significantly decreased the level of beta-galactosidase and thus D-gal-caused senescence compared to the D-gal group (Fig. 2). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Effect of α-LA (62.5 and 125 μM) on D-gal-induced senescence in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity was examined using the ONPG. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Untreated and D-gal + Met groups were assigned as negative control and positive control groups, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Met and D-gal were used at the concentrations of 5 and 155 mM, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | P < 0.001 indicates significant difference compared to untreated group; P < 0.001 versus D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | α-LA, α-lipoic acid; Met, metformin; D-gal, D-galctose; ONPG, o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The ROS assay findings indicated a notable increase in ROS levels in SH-SY5Y cells following treatment with D-gal compared to untreated cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | On the other hand, treatment with α-LA and Met significantly reduced the ROS levels induced by D-gal (Fig. 3). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Effect of the α-LA (62.5 and 125 μM) on ROS production in SH-SY5Y cells after 24 h. Intracellular ROS levels were determined by using the fluorescent ROS indicator dye, 2ʹ,7ʹ-dichloro dihydrofluorescein diacetate. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Untreated cells and TBHP were used as the negative and positive controls, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Met and D-gal were used at the concentrations of 5 and 155 mM, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | P < 0.001 indicates significant difference compared to untreated group; P < 0.001 versus D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | TBHP, Tert-butyl hydroperoxide; α-LA, α-lipoic acid; Met, metformin; D-gal, D-galactose; ROS, reactive oxygen species. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | According to the findings, the level of MDA in the D-gal group exhibited a significant increase in comparison to the untreated cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | However, the MDA level in the α-LA + D-gal and Met + D-gal groups was significantly reduced in comparison to the D-gal group (Fig. 4A). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Total thiol levels in the D-gal group showed significant reduction compared to the untreated group, while total thiol levels significantly increased in the α-LA + D-gal and Met + D-gal groups compared to the D-gal group (Fig. 4B). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In addition, the results indicated that SOD activity in the D-gal group was significantly reduced compared tothe untreatedgroup, while treatment with α-LA and Met modulated this effect and significantly enhanced the SOD activity in comparison to the D-gal group (Fig. 4C). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Effect of α-LA(62.5 and 125 μM) on (A) MDA, (B) total thiol, and (C) SOD levels in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Untreated and D-gal + Met groups were assigned as negative control and positive control groups, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Met and D-gal were used at the concentrations of 5 and 155 mM, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | P < 0.001 indicates significant difference compared to untreated group; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 versus D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | α-LA, α-lipoic acid; Met, metformin; D-gal, D-galctose; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The findings revealed that treatment with 155 mM of D-gal significantly increased the expression of Bax and p53 genes, while decreasing the Bcl-2 gene expression compared to the untreated group (Fig. 5). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | However, treatment with α-LA and Met reversed these effects and significantly reduced the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and p53 genes, while increasing the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene compared to the D-gal group (Fig. 5). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Effect of α-LA on mRNA expression of (A) Bax, (B) Bcl-2, and (C) p53 in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 62.5 and 125 μM of α-LA, 5 mM of Met, and 155 mM of D-gal. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Untreated and D-gal + Met groups were assigned as negative control and positive control groups, respectively. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | P < 0.001 indicates significant difference compared to untreated group; P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 versus D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | α-LA, α-lipoic acid; Met, metformin; D-gal, D-galctose. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In many tissues, free radical damage and mitochondrial dysfunction lead to biological aging. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The effects of oxidative stress on mitochondria have been demonstrated in neurons under pathological conditions (28). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | a-LA is one of the most promising antioxidants that has recently been noted, and it reacts with ROS (29). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | By scavenging the harmful molecules, α-LA helps prevent oxidative damage to cellular components. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Additionally, it can stimulate the expression and activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and glutathione peroxidase, which further enhance the cell's ability to combat oxidative stress (30). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | D-gal has been extensively used in studies to simulate aging by producing oxidative stress (456). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | D-gal mimics the aging process in cells by increasing ROS when galactitol accumulates in cells (6). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In addition, D-gal increases MDA levels, decreases the antioxidant capacity, and activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, which causes oxidative stress and premature aging (6). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of α-LA on D-gal-induced cellular senescence in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The results revealed that α-LA reduced the cytotoxicity and senescence caused by D-gal. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | α-LA also effectively reduced the ROS generation compared to the D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Treatment with α-LA significantly modulated the levels of MDA, total thiol, and SOD activity, which were altered by D-gal. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In addition, treatment with α-LA decreased the expression of Bax and p53 genes, while increasing the expression of the Bcl-2 gene. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | A common marker of senescence in cells and animals is the increased activity of SA-β-Gal. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | SA-β-gal is an enzymatic activity of β-galactosidase that can be detected at pH 6.0 in cultured cells experiencing replicated or induced senescence, while it is not present in actively dividing cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | SA-β-gal activity has been found in the organs of elderly humans as well as animals, revealing that senescent cells accumulate in tissue with age, and that cellular senescence is a characteristic of organismal aging (31). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | A typical measurement of SA-β-gal activity utilizes the ONPG color assay (21). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In the present study, ONPG results showed an increase in β-galactosidase level in the group treated with D-gal alone, while β-galactosidase decreased in the groups treated with α-LA and Met. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In this regard, Baeeri et al. investigated the anti-senescence effects of α-LA on rat embryonic fibroblast cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | They reported that β-galactosidase and oxidative stress markers were significantly decreased following α-LA treatment (32). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between the generation of ROS and the capacity of cells to neutralize effectively or repair the resulting damage. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | ROS are highly reactive molecules that can cause harm to cell structures such as proteins, lipids, and DNA. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | This damage can lead to disruptions in cellular functions and signaling pathways, ultimately contributing to various diseases and aging processes. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | ROS can affect lipid membranes by causing damage, resulting in lipid peroxidation. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Additionally, ROS can induce oxidation of amino acid residues present in proteins, altering their structure and functionality. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | These changes can have a significant impact on enzymatic activities, signaling pathways, and the overall balance within the cell. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Furthermore, ROS can directly target DNA, causing various modifications including base oxidation, DNA strand breaks, and DNA crosslinking. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Failure to repair the DNA damage can result in mutations, genomic instability, and ultimately cell death (33). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Hence, antioxidants are employed as a therapeutic strategy to address abnormalities linked to oxidative stress (34). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Zhao et al. demonstrated that the R form of α-LA is effective in reducing 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells (35). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The current findings indicated that treatment with α-LA at concentrations of 62.5 and 125 μM effectively reduced D-gal-induced ROS levels in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Consistent with the findings, it has been indicated that α-LA can effectively reduce ROS levels in the PC12 cell line induced by 6-OHDA (36). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Furthermore, a study showed that α-LA effectively reduced ROS levels induced by cadmium toxicity in HepG2 cells through the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway (37). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Najafi et al found that α-LA significantly reduced the toxicity caused by high glucose via increasing the activity of catalase and SOD antioxidant enzymes in PC12 cells (38). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In the previous study conducted on the protective effects of α-LA in quinolinic acid-treated cells, α-LA at non-toxic concentrations was shown to protect against quinolinic acid-induced toxicity. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | In addition, pre-treatment with α-LA reduced ROS levels and the number of sub-G1 cells in quinolinic acid-treated SH-SY5Y cells (39). |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The current study evaluated the effect of a-LA on the SOD activity, MDA level, and total thiol content in SH-SY5Y cells. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | The results indicated that the MDA levels in SH-SY5Y cells were considerably higher in the D-gal group compared to the untreated group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | However, the MDA level was significantly lower in the α-LA + D-gal and Met + D-gal groups. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Thiol levels and SOD enzyme activity were remarkably decreased in the D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | On the other hand, total thiol levels and SOD activity in the α-LA + D-gal and Met + D-gal groups were significantly higher than in the D-gal group. |
PMC12614211 | The protective effects of α-lipoic acid against D-galactose-induced cellular senescence in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line | Additionally, α-LA is protective against oxidative stress induced by arsenic in rat liver mitochondria, and treatment with α-LA reduced the levels of MDA and ROS and improved catalase activity, as well as improving mitochondrial membrane damage (40). |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.