PMCID string | Title string | Sentences string |
|---|---|---|
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | was utilized to calculate the data of a minimum of three independent experiments. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | An unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used for analyzing two data sets, and one-way analysis of variance was used for more sets. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Significance was set at p < 0.05. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | As described clinical samples were examined for their levels of BRD4 to examine the functioning of BRD4 in GIST. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The samples were observed to have increased expression of BRD4 mRNA and protein compared with matched healthy tissue controls (Fig. 1a, b). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The levels of BRD4 detected by IHC were also in line with this observation (Fig. 1c, d). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The increased levels showed a correlation with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival in the patients (P < 0.01; Fig. 1e). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | These data indicate the potential involvement of BRD4 in the progression of GIST.Fig. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | 1BRD4 expression is elevated in GIST tissue.a BRD4 expression was examined in normal and GIST tissues by Western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b BRD4 mRNA expression was detected in normal and GIST tissues. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c and d BRD4 protein expression in normal and GIST tissue was analyzed by IHC. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 25 μm. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | e Kaplan–Meier curves for OS of GIST patients with low vs. high expression of BRD4; **P < 0.01. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | a BRD4 expression was examined in normal and GIST tissues by Western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b BRD4 mRNA expression was detected in normal and GIST tissues. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c and d BRD4 protein expression in normal and GIST tissue was analyzed by IHC. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 25 μm. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | e Kaplan–Meier curves for OS of GIST patients with low vs. high expression of BRD4; **P < 0.01. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Once the increased expression was observed, the possible role of BRD4 in disease advancement was studied next. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The role of BRD4 was assessed by the construction ofcontrol pcDNA-3.1(+) and pcDNA-3.1(+)-BRD4 vectors that were transfected into GIST-882 and GIST-T1 cell lines. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Exposure to G418 caused expression of the vector or BRD4. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The transfection of the pcDNA-3.1(+)-BRD4 vector led to increased BRD4 in the GIST-882 and GIST-T1 cell lines compared with the transfection of pcDNA-3.1(+) alone (Fig. 2a). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The CCK8 assay showed that the cells expressing BRD4 showed higher growth patterns than those expressing control vector (Fig. 2b). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | In line with these observations, the BrdU/PI assay results displayed a higher BrdU-incorporated cell number in the lines expressing BRD4 than that seen in control vector-transfected cells (Fig. 2c), which is indicative of increased DNA synthesis due to BRD4. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The colony formation assay showed higher numbers and sizes of colonies in the cells, expressing BRD4 than those in control vector-transfected cells (Fig. 2d). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | These observations are indicative of BRD4 stimulating the proliferation of GIST cells. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Fig. 2BRD4 promotes GIST cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.a GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were harvested. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | BRD4 protein expression was examined by western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b The viability of GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 was detected by CCK8 assay. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c DNA synthesis was examined in cells stably expressing vector and cells stably expressing BRD4 using BrdU/PI assays. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | d GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were seeded on six-well plates for colony formation assays. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | e and f Both GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were plated in the upper chamber with/without Matrigel for 24 h. Then, cell migration and invasion were assessed by observing the cells that migrated to the underside of the transwell insert. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 25 μm. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | g Wound healing assays were used to examine cell migration in GIST882 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | h Wound healing assays were used to examine cell migration in GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | a GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were harvested. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | BRD4 protein expression was examined by western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b The viability of GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 was detected by CCK8 assay. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c DNA synthesis was examined in cells stably expressing vector and cells stably expressing BRD4 using BrdU/PI assays. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | d GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were seeded on six-well plates for colony formation assays. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | e and f Both GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were plated in the upper chamber with/without Matrigel for 24 h. Then, cell migration and invasion were assessed by observing the cells that migrated to the underside of the transwell insert. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 25 μm. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | g Wound healing assays were used to examine cell migration in GIST882 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | h Wound healing assays were used to examine cell migration in GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | As GIST therapy is hindered by metastasis at a clinical level, we assessed the role of BRD4 in metastasis. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | BRD4 overexpression resulted in increased migration of cells, as observed in the transwell assays (Fig. 2e, f) as well as an increased ability to migrate, as observed in the wound-healing assays (Fig. 2g, h). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Thus, these results suggest that BRD4 plays a key role in migration and invasion in GIST. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The progression of tumors involves the vital formation of new capillaries from existing ones, which is referred to as angiogenesis. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | This process involves angiogenic factors, such as bFGF, PDGFB, and VEGF secreted by the cells of the tumor. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | This understanding led us to next assess the effect of BRD4 on angiogenesis in GIST. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Higher levels of VEGFA, LOX, and MMP9 were displayed by the cell lines expressing BRD4 than by cells transfected with the control vector (Fig. 3a). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | In line with these observations, there was a lower level of VEGFA in the shBRD4 cells than in the shNC cells (Fig. 3c). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | ELISA corroborated the observations of higher VEGFA with forced BRD4 expression (Fig. 3b), while knocking out BRD4 showed the reverse observations (Fig. 3d).Fig. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | 3The emerging role of BRD4 in the angiogenic progression of GIST cells.a GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were harvested, and expression of the indicated proteins was examined by Western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were cultured with DMEM without serum overnight. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Conditioned media were collected for ELISA assays to assess VEGFA secretion. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were harvested and expression of the indicated protein was examined by Western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | d GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were cultured with DMEM without serum overnight. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Conditioned media were collected for ELISA assays to assess VEGFA secretion. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | e Conditioned media from GIST882 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were incubated with HUVECs cells in 96-well plates. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The tube formation was examined by the branching points per filed. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | f Conditioned media from GIST-T1 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were incubated with HUVECs cells in 96-well plates. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Tube formation was examined based on the number of branching points per field. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 100 μm; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | a GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were harvested, and expression of the indicated proteins was examined by Western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were cultured with DMEM without serum overnight. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Conditioned media were collected for ELISA assays to assess VEGFA secretion. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were harvested and expression of the indicated protein was examined by Western blotting. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | d GIST882 and GIST-T1 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were cultured with DMEM without serum overnight. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Conditioned media were collected for ELISA assays to assess VEGFA secretion. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | e Conditioned media from GIST882 cells stably expressing vector or BRD4 were incubated with HUVECs cells in 96-well plates. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The tube formation was examined by the branching points per filed. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | f Conditioned media from GIST-T1 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were incubated with HUVECs cells in 96-well plates. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Tube formation was examined based on the number of branching points per field. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 100 μm; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The conditioned media from cells expressing vector, BRD4, shBRD4, or shNC were individually incubated with endothelial cells. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Increased formation of tubes was seen when medium from BRD4-expressing cells was compared with the level seen in cells expressing vector alone and knockdown cells showed the opposite observations of shNC cells (Fig. 3e, f). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Overall, our findings indicated that BRD4 is likely to be involved in angiogenesis in GIST. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The abovementioned effects were assessed in the animal models as described in the materials section. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The growth of cells, as well as the weight and size of tumors, was distinctly greater in cells expressing BRD4 than in cells expressing vector alone (Fig. 4a, b). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The density of microvessels in tumors was shown to be increased in cells expressing BRD4, as suggested by the elevated levels of CD31 determined by IHC (Fig. 4C). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | This finding was also corroborated by the higher levels of VEGFA, as measured by Western blotting, seen in animals with BRD4-expressing tumors than seen in animals with vector-only tumors (Fig. 4d).Fig. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | 4BRD4 overexpression promotes GIST cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vivo.a GIST882 control vector cells or BRD4 cells were subcutaneously injected into Balb/c nude mice. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Tumor volume growth curves from day 1 to 19 of treatment are presented. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b After 19 days, mice were sacrificed, and tumor weights were examined in the two groups. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c Representative IHC staining of BRD4 and CD31 in the two groups is presented. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 25 μm. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | d The level of MMP9, LOX, and VEGFA expression in xenograft tumors was analyzed by Western blotting; *P < 0.05. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | a GIST882 control vector cells or BRD4 cells were subcutaneously injected into Balb/c nude mice. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Tumor volume growth curves from day 1 to 19 of treatment are presented. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | b After 19 days, mice were sacrificed, and tumor weights were examined in the two groups. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | c Representative IHC staining of BRD4 and CD31 in the two groups is presented. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Scale bar: 25 μm. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | d The level of MMP9, LOX, and VEGFA expression in xenograft tumors was analyzed by Western blotting; *P < 0.05. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Next, we analyzed the potential target genes of BRD4. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | Our qRT-PCR results showed a decrease in CCL2 in BRD4 knockdown cells compared with shcontrol cells (Fig. 5a). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | The downregulation of CCL2 was further confirmed by ELISA (Fig. 5b). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | In addition, overexpression of BRD4 increased CCL2 expression (Fig. 5c). |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | This is suggestive of the induction of CCL2 by BRD4 in GIST.Fig. |
PMC6901583 | RETRACTED ARTICLE: BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST | 5CCL2 is required for BRD4-induced tumor growth.a The indicated cytokines expression in GIST882 cells stably expressing shcon or shBRD4 were analyzed by RT-PCR. |
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