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8568030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance%20prediction | Performance prediction | In computer science, performance prediction means to estimate the execution time or other performance factors (such as cache misses) of a program on a given computer. It is being widely used for computer architects to evaluate new computer designs, for compiler writers to explore new optimizations, and also for advanc... | 2.625 | 0 |
8568042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holywell%20Town%20F.C. | Holywell Town F.C. | Foundations of the Club
The history of football in Holywell can be traced back to a club that was simply known as Holywell Football Club, which was founded on 25 September 1880 at the King's Head Hotel in the town. The club's first game came a few weeks later on 23 October when the "Holywellites" played a goalless dra... | 2.234375 | 0 |
8568042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holywell%20Town%20F.C. | Holywell Town F.C. | The club later rejoined the North Wales Coast League for the 1912–13 season under the Holywell United monicker they won multiple trophies. In their debut season in the league, Holywell United finished in seventh position. However, in the following 1913–14 season, they achieved the North Wales Coast League and Amateur C... | 2.03125 | 0 |
8568086 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20World%20College%20in%20Mostar | United World College in Mostar | The United World College in Mostar (UWC Mostar) () is a part of the United World College, founded by Elisabeth Rehn (UN Special Rapporteur on the Secretary General for the United Nations Mission in Bosnia-Herzegovina 1995-1999) and Lamija Tanović (Chair, Humanity in Action Bosnia and Herzegovina) in 2006 and officially... | 2.21875 | 0 |
8568087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knut%20Ekwall | Knut Ekwall | Knut Alfred Ekwall (3 April 1843, Säby Parish (now Tranås), Småland – 16 April 1912, Tranås) was a Swedish painter and illustrator. He is best known for his genre works, many of which have women and children for their subjects.
Biography
His father was a bailiff for the Crown Enforcement Authority. His talents were no... | 2.390625 | 0 |
8568128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compendium%20of%20Pharmaceuticals%20and%20Specialties | Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties | The Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties: The Canadian Drug Reference for Health Professionals, more commonly known by its abbreviation CPS, is a reference book that contains drug monographs and numerous features which help healthcare professionals prescribe and use drugs safely and appropriately. A print ver... | 2.609375 | 0 |
8568131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Carronade | USS Carronade | USS Carronade (IFS-1/LFR-1) was a ship of the United States Navy first commissioned in 1955. She was named after the carronade, a type of short barreled cannon.
As an Inshore Fire Support Ship (IFS), part of the so-called "brown-water navy", Carronade was designed under project SCB 37, and built to provide direct nav... | 2.359375 | 0 |
8568288 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9%20Saorgin | René Saorgin | René Joseph Antoine Saorgin (31 October 1928 – 16 December 2015) was a French organist.
Biography
Saorgin was born in Cannes and began his musical studies at the Nice Conservatoire and then went to Paris to study composition with Maurice Duruflé and Noël Gallon at the Paris Conservatoire. At the same time he took org... | 2.140625 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | Amiri Baraka (born Everett Leroy Jones; October 7, 1934 – January 9, 2014), previously known as LeRoi Jones and Imamu Amear Baraka, was an American writer of poetry, drama, fiction, essays, and music criticism. He was the author of numerous books of poetry and taught at several universities, including the University at... | 2.28125 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | Early life (1934–1965)
Baraka was born in Newark, New Jersey, where he attended Barringer High School. His father Coyt Leroy Jones worked as a postal supervisor and lift operator. His mother Anna Lois (née Russ) was a social worker. Jazz was something Baraka became interested in as a kid. He wanted to be just like Mile... | 2.328125 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | In 1954, he joined the United States Air Force as a gunner, reaching the rank of sergeant. This was a decision he would come to regret. He once explained: "I found out what it was like to be under the direct jurisdiction of people who hated black people. I had never known that directly." This experience was yet another... | 2.1875 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | Baraka also worked as editor and critic for the literary and arts journal Kulchur (1960–65). With Diane di Prima he edited the first twenty-five issues (1961–63) of their small magazine The Floating Bear. In October 1961, the U.S. Postal Service seized The Floating Bear #9; the FBI charged them for obscenity over Willi... | 2.375 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | As long as black writers were obsessed with being an accepted middle class, Baraka wrote, they would never be able to speak their mind, and that would always lead to failure. Baraka felt that America only made room for white obfuscators, not black ones.
In 1963 Baraka (under the name LeRoi Jones) published Blues Peop... | 2.3125 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | After the assassination of Malcolm X in 1965, Baraka changed his name from LeRoi Jones to Amiri Baraka. At this time, he also left his wife and their two children and moved to Harlem, where he founded the Black Arts Repertory/Theater School (BARTS) since the Black Arts Movement created a new visual representation of a... | 2.53125 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | Prior to this time, Baraka prided himself on being a forceful advocate of Black cultural nationalism; however, by the mid-1970s, he began finding its racial individuality confining. Baraka's separation from the Black Arts Movement began because he saw certain Black writers – capitulationists, as he called them – counte... | 2.15625 | 0 |
8568334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri%20Baraka | Amiri Baraka | Baraka ceased being poet laureate when the law became effective. In response to legal action filed by Baraka, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit ruled that state officials were immune from such suits, and in November 2007 the Supreme Court of the United States refused to hear an appeal of the case... | 1.96875 | 0 |
8568452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrawong%20Wildlife%20Sanctuary | Warrawong Wildlife Sanctuary | Warrawong Wildlife Sanctuary, formerly Warrawong Sanctuary, is a wildlife reserve in the Australian state of South Australia located in the suburb of Mylor about south-east of the centre of the state capital of Adelaide.
History
The land was established as Warrawong Sanctuary by John Wamsley to conserve endangered Au... | 2.1875 | 0 |
8568452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrawong%20Wildlife%20Sanctuary | Warrawong Wildlife Sanctuary | In 2017, there were unconfirmed sightings of platypus in the Sturt Gorge Recreation Park, on the Sturt River, and another further east at Coromandel Valley, suspected to be former escapees from Warrawong. The last confirmed record on mainland South Australia had been in 1975, near Renmark, nearly away in the Riverland... | 2.234375 | 0 |
8568503 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIRVE | VIRVE | VIRVE (short for "Viranomaisradioverkko", government official radio network) is the Finnish authorities' telecommunications network. It is based on the Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) standard. It is one of few nationwide TETRA networks in the world.
History
The VIRVE network was created for the authorities to have ... | 2.21875 | 0 |
8568525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s%20Petition%20to%20the%20National%20Assembly | Women's Petition to the National Assembly | The Women's Petition to the National Assembly was produced during the French Revolution and presented to the French National Assembly in November 1789 after The March on Versailles on 5 October 1789, proposing a decree by the National Assembly to give women equality. There were thousands of petitions presented to the N... | 2.375 | 0 |
8568538 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence%20Blethen | Clarence Blethen | Clarence Waldo Blethen (July 11, 1893 – April 11, 1973) was an American professional baseball pitcher with the Boston Red Sox and Brooklyn Robins of Major League Baseball as well as 18 seasons in minor league baseball. Blethen batted left-handed and threw right-handed. Blethen attended the University of Maine, where he... | 2.046875 | 0 |
8568559 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempel%20Synagogue%20%28Krak%C3%B3w%29 | Tempel Synagogue (Kraków) | The Tempel Synagogue () is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 24 Miodowa Street, in the historic Kazimierz district of Kraków, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of Poland. Designed by Ignacy Hercok in the Moorish Revival and Rundbogenstil styles and completed in 1862, the synagogue is a major place o... | 2.28125 | 0 |
8568773 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Adams%20Building | Henry Adams Building | The Henry Adams Building, also known as the Land and Loan Office Building, is a historic building in Algona, Iowa, United States. It was designed by Louis Sullivan in 1912.
Although it was not designed as a bank, and has never served as such, the building is nonetheless considered one of Sullivan's "Jewel Boxes," a s... | 1.914063 | 0 |
8568776 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Ren%C3%A9%20Chaussegros%20de%20L%C3%A9ry | Louis-René Chaussegros de Léry | Louis-René Chaussegros de Léry (October 13, 1762 – November 28, 1832) was a seigneur, soldier and political figure in Lower Canada.
He was born in Paris in 1762, the son of seigneur Gaspard-Joseph Chaussegros de Léry and Louise Martel de Brouague, the daughter of François Martel de Brouague. He stayed in France until ... | 2.28125 | 0 |
8568807 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evergreen%20%28software%29 | Evergreen (software) | Evergreen is an open-source integrated library system (ILS), initially developed by the Georgia Public Library Service for Public Information Network for Electronic Services (PINES), a statewide resource-sharing consortium with over 270 member libraries.
Beyond PINES, the Evergreen ILS is deployed worldwide in approxi... | 2.1875 | 0 |
8568814 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20New%20York%20Central%20Railroad%20Museum | National New York Central Railroad Museum | The National New York Central Railroad Museum is a railroad museum located in Elkhart, Indiana dedicated to the preservation of the New York Central Railroad (NYC).
The museum includes several outdoor equipment displays, indoor model railroads, artifacts from the NYC and other railroad related exhibits including educ... | 2.234375 | 0 |
8568818 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartholomaeus%20Arnoldi | Bartholomaeus Arnoldi | Bartholomaeus Arnoldi (usually called Usingen; ; 1465 – 9 September 1532) was an Augustinian friar and doctor of divinity who taught Martin Luther and later turned into his earliest and one of his personally closest opponents.
Life
Usually called Usingen, after his birthplace, Arnoldi received his master's degree in 1... | 2.34375 | 0 |
8568841 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heron%20Lake%20%28New%20Mexico%29 | Heron Lake (New Mexico) | Heron Lake is a reservoir in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico in the southwestern United States. The reservoir is part of the San Juan–Chama Project, which connects the San Juan River in Colorado to the Rio Chama, which is part of the Rio Grande watershed. Lake Heron is 80 miles northwest of Santa Fe.
Water is impounded... | 2.421875 | 0 |
8568923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n%20Trujillo%20Largacha | Julián Trujillo Largacha | Julián Trujillo Largacha (January 28, 1828 – July 18, 1883) was a Colombian lawyer, statesman, General of the Army and President of Colombia from 1878 to 1880.
Biographic data
Trujillo was born in Popayán, Cauca, on January 28, 1828. He died in Bogotá, Cundinamarca, on July 18, 1883.
Early life
Trujillo studied ... | 2.109375 | 0 |
8568948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaili%20Formation | Kaili Formation | The Kaili Formation () is a stratigraphic formation which was deposited during the Lower and Middle Cambrian (~513 to 506 million years ago). The formation is approximately thick and was named after the city Kaili in the Guizhou province of southwest China.
The depositional environment of the Kaili Formation is not e... | 2.84375 | 0 |
8568968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledgowan%20Forest | Ledgowan Forest | Ledgowan Forest is a deer forest in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It stands in Wester Ross to the southwest of Achnasheen. Ledgowan Forest is the location of Carron Bog, the starting point of the River Carron.
Ledgowan Estate (which is almost synonymous with Ledgowan Forest) is owned by Rainheath Ltd, and exte... | 1.921875 | 0 |
8568982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Kappel | Vladimir Kappel | Vladimir Oskarovich Kappel (; – January 26, 1920) was a Russian military leader and one of the leaders of the White movement.
Early life
Kappel was born into a Swedish-Russian family. He graduated from the Saint Petersburg Page Corps and then from the and Nicholas Academy of General Staff.
World War I
During the F... | 2.203125 | 0 |
8569045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedric%20Howell | Cedric Howell | Cedric Ernest "Spike" Howell, (17 June 1896 – 10 December 1919) was an Australian fighter pilot and flying ace of the First World War. Born in Adelaide, South Australia, he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force in 1916 for service in the First World War and was posted to the 46th Battalion on the Western Front. In... | 2.375 | 0 |
8569045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedric%20Howell | Cedric Howell | Throughout the first half of 1918, Howell conducted several raids on ground targets, including one on an electrical power plant. From a height of approximately , Howell, with "great skill", scored three direct hits with his bombs on the facility. He was also active in aerial engagements against Central aircraft during ... | 2.25 | 0 |
8569045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedric%20Howell | Cedric Howell | On 12 July 1918, Howell and Lieutenant Alan Rice-Oxley took to the sky in their Camels. The pair were soon confronted by a formation of between ten and fifteen Central aircraft. As the consequent dogfight raged, Howell destroyed four of the aircraft and sent a fifth down out of control. Two days later, Howell was credi... | 2.390625 | 0 |
8569045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedric%20Howell | Cedric Howell | England-to-Australia flight and legacy
While stationed in England, Howell attended an investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace on 13 December 1918, where he was presented with his Distinguished Service Order and Military Cross by King George V. Howell was discharged from the Royal Air Force on 31 July 1919. That year,... | 2.6875 | 0 |
8569103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Davis%20%28director%29 | Peter Davis (director) | Peter Frank Davis (born January 2, 1937), is an American filmmaker, author, novelist and journalist. His film Hearts and Minds, about American military action in Vietnam, won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1974.
Early life
Davis was born in Santa Monica, and grew up in Upland and Pacific Palisades, ... | 2.3125 | 0 |
8569148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade%20filling%20system | Cascade filling system | Cascade filling is often used for partial pressure blending of breathing gas mixtures for diving, to economize on the relatively expensive oxygen, for nitrox, and the even more expensive helium in trimix or heliox mixtures.
Compressed natural gas fueling
Cascade storage is used at compressed natural gas (CNG) fueling ... | 2.25 | 0 |
8569164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnyside%20Royal%20Hospital | Sunnyside Royal Hospital | Sunnyside Royal Hospital was a psychiatric hospital located in Hillside, north of Montrose, Scotland. It closed in 2011 and is now used for housing.
History
The hospital was founded in 1781 by Susan Carnegie as the Montrose Lunatic Asylum, Infirmary & Dispensary and obtained a Royal Charter in 1810. The original build... | 2.390625 | 0 |
8569164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnyside%20Royal%20Hospital | Sunnyside Royal Hospital | Consequently, two new buildings - Howden Villa (1901) and Northesk Villa (1904) - were added to the facility. Additional staff were required to care for the additional patients and the Westmount Cottages were built in 1905 to house them. In 1911 the lease of Sunnyside Farm finally expired and over 52 acres were purchas... | 2.4375 | 0 |
8569169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince%20Takanaga | Prince Takanaga | was the second son of Emperor Go-Daigo of Japan. His mother was the poet Tameko. He fought for his father in the Nanboku-chō Wars. Since the characters used to write "Takanaga" can also be read as "Takayoshi", the prince is sometimes known by that name as well.
Appointed Seitō Shōgun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense... | 2.546875 | 0 |
8569194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-%C3%89tienne%20Chaussegros%20de%20L%C3%A9ry | Charles-Étienne Chaussegros de Léry | Charles-Étienne Chaussegros de Léry (September 30, 1774 – February 17, 1842) was a seigneur and political figure in Lower Canada.
He was born in the town of Quebec in 1774, the son of seigneur Gaspard-Joseph Chaussegros de Léry and Louise Martel de Brouague, the daughter of François Martel de Brouague. He apprenticed ... | 2.140625 | 0 |
8569240 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotpuli | Kotpuli | Kotpuli, also known as Kotpuliyar and Kotpuli Nayanar, was a Nayanar saint, venerated in the Hindu sect of Shaivism. He is generally counted as the fifty-seventh in the list of 63 Nayanars.
Life
The life of Kotpuli Nayanar is described in the Periya Puranam by Sekkizhar (12th century), which is a hagiography of the 63... | 2.265625 | 0 |
8569325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishnat%20ha-Middot | Mishnat ha-Middot | The Mishnat ha-Middot (, 'Treatise of Measures') is the earliest known Hebrew treatise on geometry, composed of 49 mishnayot in six chapters. Scholars have dated the work to either the Mishnaic period or the early Islamic era.
History
Date of composition
Moritz Steinschneider dated the Mishnat ha-Middot to between 8... | 2.078125 | 0 |
8569333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puttur%2C%20Sri%20Lanka | Puttur, Sri Lanka | Puttur () is a town in the north of Sri Lanka. It is located approximately 12 km from Jaffna.
Etymology
The origin of the name Puttur is disputed. The suffix -ur clearly means town in Tamil, but the first part has different explanations.
The most commonly accepted one is the prefix "puthu" or "puthiya", which means ... | 2.15625 | 0 |
8569352 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20Synagogue%20%28%C5%81om%C5%BCa%29 | Great Synagogue (Łomża) | The Great Synagogue was a former Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, that was located at the southeastern corner of the Main Square, at the intersection of today's Giełczyńska and Senatorska Streets, in Łomża, in the Podlaskie Voivodeship of Poland. Designed by Enrico Marconi in the Rundbogenstil style and comp... | 2 | 0 |
8569398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasianella%20australis | Phasianella australis | Phasianella australis, common names the Australian pheasant, painted lady, and pheasant snail, is a medium-sized to large species of sea snail with a calcareous operculum and a colorfully patterned shell, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Phasianellidae.
Description
This is the largest shell in the genus Phasia... | 2.375 | 0 |
8569414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Pattison | Jim Pattison | His first summer job was playing trumpet at a children's church camp and later picking fruit (raspberries, cherries, and peaches) during the summer while in high school. Pattison held many jobs while in high school, including selling doughnuts in the school parking lot, selling seeds door-to-door, delivering newspapers... | 2.296875 | 0 |
8569423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsugphud%20Namgyal | Tsugphud Namgyal | Tsugphud Namgyal (Sikkimese: ; Wylie: gtsug phud rnam rgyal) (1785–1863) was king of Sikkim from 1793 to 1863. He gained independence from Nepal in 1815 and ruled under a British protectorate from 1861.
Under his father Tenzing Namgyal, most of Sikkim was appropriated by Nepal. Tshudpud Namgyal returned to Sikkim in 1... | 2.703125 | 0 |
8569444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Reus-Smit | Christian Reus-Smit | Reus-Smit returned to teach in Australia in 1995 and held positions as Lecturer and Senior Lecturer at Monash University before taking up a position as Senior Fellow at the Australian National University (ANU) in 2001, and was promoted to Professor in 2004. Reus-Smit served as Head of the Department of International Re... | 1.945313 | 0 |
8569463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20O.%20Hall | Kenneth O. Hall | Sir Kenneth Octavius Hall (born 24 April 1941) served as the governor-general of Jamaica from 16 February 2006 to 26 February 2009. He was Jamaica's fifth governor-general since independence in 1962.
Early life and education
Hall was born in Lucea, Jamaica, and attended Rusea's High School. Hall holds a Bachelor's d... | 1.992188 | 0 |
8569499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%2C%20Prince%20of%20Waldeck%20and%20Pyrmont | Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont | Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (Friedrich Adolf Hermann Fürst zu Waldeck und Pyrmont; 20 January 1865 – 26 May 1946) was the last reigning Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont from 12 May 1893 to 13 November 1918.
Early life, family and education
Friedrich was born on 20 January 1865 in Arolsen, Principality of Wa... | 2.28125 | 0 |
8569563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balingiin%20Tserendorj | Balingiin Tserendorj | Tserendorj maintained his position as Minister of Foreign Affairs after the occupation of Niislel Khüree (present day Ulaanbaatar) by troops under the Chinese warlord Xu Shuzheng in late 1919. Xu installed a dictatorial regime, imprisoned leaders of Mongolia's independence movement such as Khatanbaatar Magsarjav and Ma... | 2.265625 | 0 |
8569629 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janet%20Nichols%20Lynch | Janet Nichols Lynch | Janet Nichols Lynch (née Janet Louise Nichols; born October 3, 1952) is an American author of young adult fiction, fiction, and nonfiction. Lynch is also a pianist and an educator in music, English, and history.
Early life and education
Lynch was born in Sacramento, California, and raised in the nearby suburb of Carm... | 2.234375 | 0 |
8569867 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental%20argument | Transcendental argument | A transcendental argument is a kind of deductive argument that appeals to the necessary conditions that make experience and knowledge possible. Transcendental arguments may have additional standards of justification which are more demanding than those of traditional deductive arguments. The philosopher Immanuel Kant ga... | 2.375 | 0 |
8569867 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental%20argument | Transcendental argument | Criticisms of transcendental arguments
One of the main uses of transcendental arguments is to appeal to something that cannot be consistently denied to counter skeptics' arguments that we cannot know something about the nature of the world. One need not be a skeptic about those matters, however, to find transcendental ... | 2.390625 | 0 |
8569898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicetius | Nicetius | Trier had suffered terribly during the disorders of the Migrations. One of the first cares of the new bishop was to rebuild the cathedral church, the restoration of which is mentioned by the poet Venantius Fortunatus. He imported Italian craftmen to work on churches. Archæological research has shown, in the cathedral o... | 1.984375 | 0 |
8569898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicetius | Nicetius | Correspondence and personal life
Nicetius corresponded with ecclesiastical dignitaries of high rank in distant places. Letters are extant that were written to him by Abbot Florianus of Romain-Moûtier (Canton of Vaud, Switzerland), by Bishop Rufus of Octodurum (now Martigny, in the Canton of Valais, Switzerland), and by... | 2.09375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain. The namesake of the language is the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to Britain. It is the most spoken language in t... | 3.125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Old English emerged from a group of West Germanic dialects spoken by the Anglo-Saxons. Late Old English borrowed some grammar and core vocabulary from Old Norse, a North Germanic language. Then, Middle English borrowed vocabulary extensively from French dialects, which are the source of approximately 28% of Modern Engl... | 3.109375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Like Icelandic and Faroese, the development of English in the British Isles isolated it from the continental Germanic languages and their influences, and it has since diverged considerably. English is not mutually intelligible with any continental Germanic language, as it differs in vocabulary, syntax, and phonology. H... | 2.984375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | The earliest form of English is called Old English or Anglo-Saxon (). Old English developed from a set of West Germanic dialects, often grouped as Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanic, and originally spoken along the coasts of Frisia, Lower Saxony and southern Jutland by Germanic peoples known to the historical record a... | 3.078125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Old English is essentially a distinct language from Modern English and is virtually impossible for 21st-century unstudied English-speakers to understand. Its grammar was similar to that of modern German: nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and verbs had many more inflectional endings and forms, and word order was much freer t... | 2.765625 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Influence of Old Norse
From the 8th to the 11th centuries, Old English gradually transformed through language contact with Old Norse in some regions. The waves of Norse (Viking) colonisation of northern parts of the British Isles in the 8th and 9th centuries put Old English into intense contact with Old Norse, a North... | 2.875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | With the Norman conquest of England in 1066, the now-Norsified Old English language was subject to another wave of intense contact, this time with Old French, in particular Old Norman French, influencing it as a superstrate. The Norman French spoken by the elite in England eventually developed into the Anglo-Norman lan... | 2.984375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | In Wycliff'e Bible of the 1380s, the verse Matthew 8:20 was written: . Here the plural suffix on the verb have is still retained, but none of the case endings on the nouns are present. By the 12th century Middle English was fully developed, integrating both Norse and French features; it continued to be spoken until th... | 3.078125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Spread of Modern English
By the late 18th century, the British Empire had spread English through its colonies and geopolitical dominance. Commerce, science and technology, diplomacy, art, and formal education all contributed to English becoming the first truly global language. English also facilitated worldwide intern... | 3.03125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Three circles of English-speaking countries
The Indian linguist Braj Kachru distinguished countries where English is spoken with a three circles model. In his model,
the "inner circle" countries have large communities of native speakers of English,
"outer circle" countries have small communities of native speakers ... | 2.765625 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Estimates of the numbers of second language and foreign-language English speakers vary greatly from 470 million to more than 1 billion, depending on how proficiency is defined. Linguist David Crystal estimates that non-native speakers now outnumber native speakers by a ratio of 3 to 1. In Kachru's three-circles model, ... | 2.953125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | In the three-circles model, countries such as Poland, China, Brazil, Germany, Japan, Indonesia, Egypt, and other countries where English is taught as a foreign language, make up the "expanding circle". The distinctions between English as a first language, as a second language, and as a foreign language are often debata... | 2.921875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Pluricentric English
English is a pluricentric language, which means that no one national authority sets the standard for use of the language. Spoken English, including English used in broadcasting, generally follows national pronunciation standards that are established by custom rather than by regulation. Internation... | 3.125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Australia has no official languages at the federal or state level.
In Canada, English and French share an official status at the federal level. English has official or co-official status in six provinces and three territories, while three provinces have none and Quebec's only official language is French.
English is the... | 2.8125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | As decolonisation proceeded throughout the British Empire in the 1950s and 1960s, former colonies often did not reject English but rather continued to use it as independent countries setting their own language policies. For example, the view of the English language among many Indians has gone from associating it with c... | 2.671875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Although in most countries English is not an official language, it is currently the language most often taught as a foreign language. In the countries of the EU, English is the most widely spoken foreign language in nineteen of the twenty-five member states where it is not an official language (that is, the countries o... | 2.96875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Nouns can form noun phrases (NPs) where they are the syntactic head of the words that depend on them such as determiners, quantifiers, conjunctions or adjectives. Noun phrases can be short, such as the man, composed only of a determiner and a noun. They can also include modifiers such as adjectives (e.g. red, tall, all... | 2.96875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | In Modern English, adjectives are not inflected so as to agree in form with the noun they modify, as adjectives in most other Indo-European languages do. For example, in the phrases the slender boy, and many slender girls, the adjective slender does not change form to agree with either the number or gender of the noun.... | 3.171875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | English pronouns conserve many traits of case and gender inflection. The personal pronouns retain a difference between subjective and objective case in most persons (, , , , ) as well as an animateness distinction in the third person singular (distinguishing it from the three sets of animate third person singular prono... | 2.375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Plural and singular are always identical (you, your, yours) in the second person (except in the reflexive form: ) in most dialects. Some dialects have introduced innovative second person plural pronouns, such as y'all (found in Southern American English and African-American (Vernacular) English), youse (found in Austra... | 3.109375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Most verbs have six inflectional forms. The primary forms are a plain present, a third-person singular present, and a preterite (past) form. The secondary forms are a plain form used for the infinitive, a gerund-participle and a past participle. The copula verb to be is the only verb to retain some of its original conj... | 2.90625 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | An infinitive form, that uses the plain form of the verb and the preposition to, is used for verbal clauses that are syntactically subordinate to a finite verbal clause. Finite verbal clauses are those that are formed around a verb in the present or preterite form. In clauses with auxiliary verbs, they are the finite v... | 2.84375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | The function of adverbs is to modify the action or event described by the verb by providing additional information about the manner in which it occurs. Many adverbs are derived from adjectives by appending the suffix -ly. For example, in the phrase the woman walked quickly, the adverb quickly is derived in this way fro... | 2.90625 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Discourse level syntax
While English is a subject-prominent language, at the discourse level it tends to use a topic-comment structure, where the known information (topic) precedes the new information (comment). Because of the strict SVO syntax, the topic of a sentence generally has to be the grammatical subject of th... | 2.671875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Due to its status as an international language, English adopts foreign words quickly and borrows vocabulary from many other sources. Early studies of English vocabulary by lexicographers, the scholars who formally study vocabulary, compile dictionaries, or both, were impeded by a lack of comprehensive data on actual vo... | 3.046875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Formation of new words, called neologisms, based on Greek and/or Latin roots (for example television or optometry) is a highly productive process in English and in most modern European languages, so much so that it is often difficult to determine in which language a neologism originated. For this reason, American lexic... | 2.96875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | But one of the consequences of long language contact between French and English in all stages of their development is that the vocabulary of English has a very high percentage of "Latinate" words (derived from French, especially, and also from other Romance languages and Latin). French words from various periods of the... | 3.046875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | English has had a strong influence on the vocabulary of other languages. The influence of English comes from such factors as opinion leaders in other countries knowing the English language, the role of English as a world lingua franca, and the large number of books and films that are translated from English into other ... | 2.9375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Readers of English can generally rely on the correspondence between spelling and pronunciation to be fairly regular for letters or digraphs used to spell consonant sounds. The letters b, d, f, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, y, z represent, respectively, the phonemes . The letters c and g normally represent and , ... | 2.953125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | The consequence of this complex orthographic history is that learning to read and write can be challenging in English. It can take longer for school pupils to become independently fluent readers of English than of many other languages, including Italian, Spanish, and German. Nonetheless, there is an advantage for learn... | 3.359375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | The fact that English has been spoken in England for 1,500 years explains why England has a great wealth of regional dialects. Within the United Kingdom, Received Pronunciation (RP), an educated accent associated originally with the South East of England, has been traditionally used as a broadcast standard and is consi... | 2.9375 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | English in England can be divided into four major dialect regions: South East English, South West English (also known as West Country English), Midlands English and Northern English. Within each of these regions, several local dialects exist: within the Northern region, there is a division between the Yorkshire dialect... | 2.96875 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | Since 1788, English has been spoken in Oceania, and Australian English has developed as the first language of the vast majority of the inhabitants of the Australian continent, its standard accent being General Australian. The English of neighbouring New Zealand has to a lesser degree become an influential standard vari... | 2.8125 | 0 |
8569916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20language | English language | The first significant exposure of the Philippines to the English language occurred in 1762 when the British occupied Manila during the Seven Years' War, but this was a brief episode that had no lasting influence. English later became more important and widespread during American rule between 1898 and 1946 and remains a... | 2.890625 | 0 |
8569924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University%20of%20Tehran%2C%20Department%20of%20Mining%20Engineering | University of Tehran, Department of Mining Engineering | The University of Tehran, Department of Mining Engineering was among the first four engineering departments established in the University of Tehran. The main responsibility of this department as the first formal education institution in mining engineering in Iran, was to train experts and professionals who could help e... | 2.15625 | 0 |
8570006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawlatabad%20District | Dawlatabad District | Dawlatabad District (Pashto/) is a landlocked district, located in the northwestern part of Balkh province, in northern Afghanistan. The population is 101,900 people. The capital is the village of Dowlatabad (Pop: 12,400) at 298 m height above sea level.
Major ethnic groups in this district are Uzbek, Turkmen, Tajik, ... | 2.1875 | 0 |
8570169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League%20of%20Free%20Laconians | League of Free Laconians | The League of Free Laconians () was established in southern Greece in 21 BC by the Emperor Augustus, giving formal structure to a group of cities that had been associated for almost two centuries.
History
The (, 'free Laconians') are first mentioned in 195 BC, after Sparta's defeat in the Roman-Spartan War. The Roman... | 3.109375 | 0 |
8570211 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavitree%20stone | Heavitree stone | Heavitree stone is a type of breccia stone, red in colour, of very coarse texture and prone to weathering, which occurs naturally in the parish of Heavitree near the City of Exeter in Devon, England. It was quarried in the area from about 1350 to the 19th century, and was used to construct many of Exeter's older buildi... | 2.453125 | 0 |
8570238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracketing%20%28linguistics%29 | Bracketing (linguistics) | In linguistics, particularly linguistic morphology, bracketing is a term of art that refers to how an utterance can be represented as a hierarchical tree of constituent parts. Analysis techniques based on bracketing are used at different levels of grammar, but are particularly associated with morphologically complex w... | 2.984375 | 0 |
8570251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicetius%20of%20Lyon | Nicetius of Lyon | Saint Nicetius (Nicetus, Nicet or Nizier) (513 – 2 April 573) was Archbishop of Lyon, then Lugdunum, France, during the 6th century. He served from 552 or 553. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.
Life
Nicetius was descended from an ancient noble Gaulish family in Burgundy, and, by the care of virtuous p... | 2.25 | 0 |
8570253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercenaries%20in%20popular%20culture | Mercenaries in popular culture | Science fiction and fantasy
Mercenaries have featured in a number of science-fiction novels. The well-known author Jerry Pournelle has written several books about science-fiction mercenaries known as Falkenberg's Legion. Also, author David Drake has written a number of books about the fictional hovercraft armored regi... | 2.0625 | 0 |
8570255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20crested%20newt | Southern crested newt | The southern crested newt (Triturus karelinii) is a terrestrial European newt. It is similar to the northern crested newt (Triturus cristatus) except larger and more robust.
In 2013, the Balkan-Anatolian crested newt (Triturus ivanbureschi) was separated from the southern crested newt, and in 2016, the Anatolian crest... | 3 | 0 |
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