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Pimpinella anisum l., a plant belonging to the umbelliferae family, is one of the oldest medicinal plants . It is an annual grassy herb with 3050 cm high, white flowers, and small green to yellow seeds, which grows in the eastern mediterranean region, west asia, the middle east, mexico, egypt, and spain . P. anisum is ...
The ability of temporal resolution is fundamental for comprehension of human speech and is a prerequisite for linguistic abilities.1 2 this ability acts in the auditory perception of verbal and nonverbal sounds; in the perception of music, rhythms, and periodicity; and in the discrimination of steps, duration, and phon...
The study of the impact of ionizing radiation (ir) on biological objects began almost with the discovery of radiation . Immediately, besides its beneficial use, its destructive effects on living organisms, including human, were discovered and documented . Application of ir in various fields of human activity is progres...
The specific treatment of cyanide (cn) intoxication means the use of scavengers (e.g., methemoglobin former sodium nitrite (sn) or cobalt compounds or cyanohydrin formers, hydroxocabalamin (cyanokit has been approved in the us), cobinamide, and/or the conversion of cn to the less toxic thiocyanate (scn) with exogenousl...
The auditory portion includes the cochlea, which is involved in hearing, and the vestibular system which is involved in balance . Our ability to hear and our sense of balance are critically dependent on specialized sensory receptors called hair cells, these cells have structures called stereocilia, which sense sounds b...
Diastolic (dys)function is of major clinical importance and is characterized by both elastic [14] and viscous properties [57]. The giant elastic protein titin (also known as connectin [8, 9]) is well known to be related to the elasticity of cardiac muscle impacting the end diastolic pressure volume relationship (for cu...
External or endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (dcr) is the standard treatment for nasolacrimal duct obstruction (nldo), with or without a previous history of dacryocystitis . The external approach is made through a skin incision near the lacrimal sac and the endoscopic approach is made through the nasal cavity with the ...
While substantial research has demonstrated the potential for preventing the adverse outcomes of type 2 diabetes, the increase in the number of people with diabetes (pwd) has outpaced the response of health systems [2, 3]. This incongruity is particularly marked in low and middle income countries (lmic) where 80% of de...
In general, the reaction of nucleophilic alkyl or aryl metal compounds with c = n groups yields the corresponding calkylated or arylated products.1 nevertheless, a number of cases are known in which this normal regioselectivity is suppressed in favor of an azaphilic addition (umpolung).2, 3 an early example of this une...
These patients usually have a short life span because of pulmonary embolism, heart failure, or cancer progression . And therefore, early detection of intracavitary tumor thrombus and effective surgical resection are important factors of survival prolongation . Herein we report an echocardiographic detection of the righ...
Ever since the first reference of an organism that could be considered a motile aeromonad in 1891 the taxonomy of the genus aeromonas, initiated in 1943, is complex and continuously changing . Although historically the genus aeromonas was included in the family vibrionaceae, together with the genera vibrio, photobacter...
Thirty - nine patients with plaque - type psoriasis (17 men, age: 47 10 years) were recruited for the study at the department of dermatology, venereology, and allergology, wroclaw medical university, poland . Exclusion criteria included: (i) any acute or chronic illness that might influence iron metabolism (including k...
The author has not received any funding or benefits from industry or elsewhere to conduct this study.
Sprains and ruptures of the ligaments supporting the ankle and knee joints as well as muscle strains occur quite often . In some cases, joint injuries are sustained through contact with another player . A classic example occurs when one player collides with another, applying excessive force to the lateral side of the o...
Self - organized tio2 nanotube layers have attracted remarkable attention within the past 15 years due their unique architecture, high surface area, semiconductive properties, and biocompatibility . In addition, they are produced by a low - cost electrochemical anodization of ti substrates in suitable electrolytes cont...
Metaplastic ossification within atypical lipomatous tumor / well - differentiated liposarcoma (alt / wdlps) is a rare occurrence, and when present is often associated with a dedifferentiated component . We report the radiologic and pathologic features of a rare case of alt / wdlps with extensive metaplastic ossificatio...
The number of women with newly diagnosed cervical cancer increases and the percentage of women with cervical cancer in all gynaecological cancers also increases annually in china1 . Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the standard surgical treatment for patients with stage ia2-ib1 cervical cancer . But ...
The study was approved by the institutional review board . Written informed consent was signed by all study participants . Thirty central - southern italian patients with relapsing - remitting ms (rrms) were enrolled (table) by referral from the ms center, neurology unit, policlinico tor vergata, rome . Clinico - demog...
The identification of replication origins will be helpful to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of the initiation step in dna replication (1,2) and discover new broad - spectrum antibacterial drugs (3). Based on the z - curve theory (4), we have developed a web - based system ori - finder for finding orics in bacterial g...
A 72-year - old woman presented for further examination of a right breast lump . According to the patient, the lump had been present for at least 10 years . She complained of discomfort of recent onset in the right breast . On physical examination, a soft, mobile, 10 cm mass, which occupied nearly the entire right brea...
Traditionally, urinary catheter has been used in gynecological surgical practice to assess urinary output, to improve surgical exposure, reduce the possibility of injury to the urinary system and to prevent postoperative urinary retention . However, catheterization is mainly required to keep the bladder out of the oper...
During nine months till the middle of december in 2014, more than 19,000 people were infected by ebola virus (fig . 1) and lots of the patients around 40% were dead by the ebola virus disease (evd). The outbreak through the year seems to keep increasing the number of cases and deaths unless efficient drugs or vaccines ...
We previously studied generalization of odorants in the carpenter ant camponotus aethiops . By using an associative learning protocol known as the maxilla - labium extension response (maler), we conditioned individual ants by training them to for example substance a, and afterwards tested their response to a mixture of...
Influenza data in africa is scarce, and only 18 countries among the 46 in the whoafro region are able to perform laboratory diagnosis of influenza as previously reported ., in april 2009, a sentinel network for influenza surveillance was set up in niamey, the capital city of niger . Niger was one of the last countries ...
In a one - shot prisoner's dilemma (pd) game, the two players have to choose between c and d (to cooperate resp . To defect). Following the notation in rapoport and chammah (1965), the payoff matrix is given by(1) in which the four payoff variables represent the reward for mutual cooperation r, the sucker's payoff s, t...
Hypothyroidism in general is a prominent hypometabolic state and sympathetic activities are anticipated to be less in this condition as sympathetic activation is a common manifestation of hypermetabolic state such as hyperthyroidism . However, sympathovagal imbalance (svi) due to increased sympathetic activity has been...
Coronary artery embolism is an established cause of acute coronary syndrome, but paradoxical coronary artery embolism causing myocardial infarction is rare and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for diagnosis . Recognition of this condition is important as these patients are at risk of future fatal embolic ph...
, governments, charities, and private companies have made large investments in this sector (1). Studies in this area should be performed with high precision and confidence levels for both cost - benefit and cost - effectiveness purposes . Quantitative evaluation of scientific findings from research activities helps aut...
Arginine vasopressin (avp) is an antidiuretic hormone which is synthesized in the magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic (son) and paraventricular nuclei (pvn) in the hypothalamus . Avp is transported to the posterior pituitary through the axons, released into the systemic circulation, and plays a pivotal role in wate...
Loss of anterior teeth is a common form of injury, particularly in children and adolescents . On the other hand, elderly people, who are retaining their teeth for longer period of time, have often advanced caries or periodontal diseases which may lead to extraction of teeth . Patients with lost anterior teeth require i...
Vector - borne hemoparasites, including the apicomplexan protozoa babesia sp . And plasmodium sp ., trypanosomes and filarial nematodes, are important pathogens in humans and domestic animals, causing babesiosis, malaria, sleeping sickness, lymphatic filariasis and canine heartworm disease . Endemic as well as introduc...
Biliary complications are frequent after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt), affecting 5 to 15% of patients after deceased olt and 28 to 32% after right - lobe living donor olt [14]. Post - olt bile leaks are reported in 10 to 15% of patients and are usually an early complication and represent a high morbidity cond...
Immune responses against pathogens determine the course of infection as well as the pathogenesis of diseases caused by the pathogens . During the responses, immune cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and t and b lymphocytes, for instance, during infections with some protozoa, such as leishmania major or trypan...
Limbic signs dominate the clinical picture in the former whereas a paralysis of lower motor neuron type dominates the latter . The diagnosis of rabies is not difficult if it presents with classical symptoms of excitations or phobias . However, it poses a diagnostic challenge when presented as acute flaccid paralysis (a...
Her medical history included maffucci syndrome with multiple enchondromas of several phalanges and metatarsal bones of the left hand (fig.1a, b), combined with hemangiomas of soft tissue in the right foot (fig.1c). She had skeletal deformities caused by enchondromas of the phalanges of the left fingers, particularly he...
Singlet exciton fission is the quantum mechanical process by which a singlet exciton splits into two distinct spin triplet excitons . The triplets are initially coupled into an overall singlet state, conserving spin and allowing for extremely fast and highly efficient triplet formation . This phenomenon has recently be...
All multiple pregnancies are at an increased risk of antepartum complications, relative to singletons . In monochorionic (mc) multiples, the perinatal morbidity and mortality risk is significantly higher than dichorionic (dc) twins, which are the commonest type of twins.13 approximately one in 80 births in australia is...
A 72-year - old female patient with corneal edema due to fuchs corneal dystrophy, after 2 years, uneventful phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens implantation was scheduled for dsaek . The following eye had visual acuity of 20/25 (correction + 1,0 dsph) and underwent descemet's stripping endothelial keratop...
The last several years have seen substantial theoretical developments related to the hypothesized behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine (da). It has become evident to many investigators that there are conceptual limitations and empirical problems with the traditional da hypothesis of reward (baldo and kell...
The laparoscopic extirpation of normal - sized spleens has become more common in the last few years . Since the first attempts less than a decade ago, several reports have described the challenges associated with this type of surgery . Contraindications to a laparoscopic approach include severe portal hypertension, unc...
Segregation distortion is a phenomenon that the genotypic frequency array of a locus does not follow a typical mendelian ratio . Depending on the population under investigation, mendelian ratio of a locus varies from 1: 1 for a backcross to 1: 2: 1 for an f2 and to 1: 1: 1: 1 for a four - way cross ., the effects of di...
Recent national surveys have indicated that staff providing care for people with intellectual disabilities faces a high risk of exposure to violence at work . Violence and threats are common and 50% of all staff report being exposed to one or more episodes during the last year . The complex and demanding management of ...
With the help of yellow pages of puducherry and indian dental association, puducherry branch approximately 150 general dentist were found to be practicing in puducherry, and sample size was calculated with sample size calculator software by keeping confidence level as 95 and confidence interval as 5 . With the help of ...
Osteoporosis is among the ten most important and prevalent chronic diseases [1, 2] affecting approximately 200 million people worldwide . Osteoporosis is characterized by a progressive decrease in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, resulting in increased bone fragility and ultimately an increased risk of f...
Archived dna from all samples received for typing during january 2007december 2008 that showed c. hominis cowp pcr - rflp rsai profiles were retested by single - round small subunit (ssu) rrna pcr - rflp using sspi, which generates a pattern unique to c. cuniculus (4). An exception occurred during the outbreak period (...
A lip switch flap is an axial - pattern flap using the inferior labial artery as a feeding blood vessel . Its morphology is appropriate to improve the upper lip morphology in the presence of severe cleft lip and nose deformity . It is capable of simultaneously reconstructing the philtrum and extending the bridge of the...
It is a simple, rapid, and cost - effective test that can effectively distinguish between neoplastic and non - neoplastic lesions of the thyroid . Fnac can effectively triage patients with neoplastic thyroid nodules as to who require surgery and who do not . However, due to the lack of a standardized system of reportin...
In canada and many other developed countries, over 50% of deaths each year take place in hospital . Among healthcare professionals, nurses are the most responsible for furthering the possibility of good deaths in hospital . Hospital nurses are not only directly accountable for providing hands - on care and for advocati...
The long - range atmospheric transport of particulate matter (pm)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and nitro - pahs (npahs) to remote sites, including mountains in france, norway, sweden, czech republic, and the canadian arctic, as well as trans - pacific transport to the olympic peninsula of washington an...
Eosinophils are potent effector cells implicated in allergic responses and helminth infections and have cytotoxic granules containing major basic protein (mbp), eosinophil cationic protein (ecp), eosinophil peroxidase (epo), and eosinophil - derived neurotoxin (edn) (1). Responding to stimuli such as an allergen, helmi...
Several species of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae have been isolated from ticks in the united states; however, the only species considered to cause human disease in maryland is rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf). The potential pathogenicity of rickettsial organisms ...
According to the world health organization, there are over 500 million obese individuals worldwide . Bariatric surgery has been shown to be an effective treatment strategy to produce marked weight loss in patients with moderate to severe obesity (bmi> 35 kg / m). Specifically, vertical banded gastroplasty (vbg), a prim...
Thin is a longitudinal primary care medical records database of over 9 million patients in total, which currently covers around 6% of u.k . Thin database contains individual patient information recorded by pcps as part of their routine clinical care such as demographic factors, pcp consultations, referrals, hospitaliza...
However, the possibility of using a folk theory for predicting others should be taken more seriously in social psychology . Folk psychology consists of an array of lay theories or platitudes about how the mind works, which are believed more or less uncritically . Mundane examples for widely held lay theories are: peopl...
Telemedicine is defined by the world health organization as, the delivery of health care services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries,...
Mucormycosis, an infection caused by fungi of the order mucorales, typically presents as an aggressive angio - invasive disease in immunosuppressed hosts . Patients with hematological malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants are at highest risk for pulmonary mucormycosis with reported mortalit...
Teratomas are tumors that typically, but not always contain all three germ cell layers ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm . Teratomas are classified as mature, immature, and malignant based on the degree of differentiation . These lesions can occur throughout the spinal canal, but there is a thoracic and lumbar predomina...
Zirconia has higher flexural strength than the existing ceramic and is widely used in fixed partial dentures.1,2 it is recommended that prepared tooth with compromised taper be bonded with resin cement to improve the chances of crown retention.3 however, as zirconia does not contain silica and has resistance against ac...
It is a controversial and difficult problem for surgeons to manage a simultaneously occurring intraabdominal pathologies and abdominal aortic aneurysm . It is not apparent that which pathology should be treated first or they both shold be treated at the same time . It is a controversial and difficult problem for a surg...
Creating the ear framework for total auricular reconstruction is technically challenging procedure . For novice surgeons so, a new technique is introduced to practice creating ear framework with silicon impression material . By this to start with we will require following materials and armamentarium: impression compoun...
Recently, there has been a hot debate over whether current salt intake is too high from a health perspective . It is estimated that globally 62% of cerebrovascular disease and 49% of ischaemic heart disease were attributable to elevated blood pressure . A technical report produced by who and the food and agriculture or...
Over the past decade, many immune tolerance agents have shown promise in the non - obese diabetic mouse model for prevention and reversal of type 1 diabetes but have not been successful in clinical trials among recently diagnosed type 1 patients . The trials from decades ago using cyclosporine a in significantly lower ...
It represents the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and accounts for 500 000 deaths each year [1, 2]. Hcc is associated with a poor prognosis due to a lack of effective treatment options . Although new therapeutic strategies have been continuously developed and applied to clinical treatment of hcc, the prognosis is...
Major complications of hysterectomy are rare . However, because hysterectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in women, efforts to decrease risks associated with this procedure have the potential for public health impact . One such effort may include optimizing referral to surgeons with appropr...
Rituximab is a human - mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the b - cell cd20 cell surface protein and has become indispensible for the treatment of b - cell non - hodgkin's lymphoma [13]. However, complications in the form of severe viral infections have been observed, and methods to counter these infection...
Syphilis, the great imitator, is among the most fascinating of skin disease . It may present to the dermatologist as a sexually acquired, contagious disease or as a congenitally acquired infection . Syphilis can be transmitted by blood transfusion, but it is very rare now and in this condition, no primary lesion appear...
The anaerobic threshold (at) is a hallmark of the aerobic fitness of athletes1, physically active individuals3 and on a minor scale for special populations, such as individuals with type 2 diabetes (t2d)2, 4, 5 . At has been considered the gold standard along with maximum oxygen consumption (vo2max) for the evaluation ...
Talon cusp is an uncommon dental anomaly showing morphologically well delineated, accessory cusp - like structure projecting from cingulum to the cutting edge . It was named as talon cusp due to its appearance as eagle's talon when viewed from incisal edge . Outfolding of the enamel organ or hyperactivity of the dental...
Hiv risk perception studies among men - who - have - sex - with - men (msm) have often reported similar findings, namely: inaccurate or misperception of hiv risk being common among msm [1, 2], perception of low risk being associated with no previous hiv testing and considerable high risk behavior [35], and moderate / h...
Reflecting in 2008 on aids in south africa during the final phase of the anti - apartheid struggle and the transition to democracy, edwin cameron, aids activist and justice of the constitutional court, observed that the transition period brought to the fore the intricate relationships that existed between illnesses, id...
Diabetes mellitus experiences a rampant growth and is currently affecting more than 150 million people worldwide . The onset of diabetes heralds the beginning of the macrovascular complications of our body . The correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is still nebulous and is presumed to be related to ...
Malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses account for 0.2% of all human primary malignant neoplasms, with an incidence of 0.11.4 new cases / year/100,000 inhabitants [13]. Adenocarcinomas account for 1020% of all primary malignant neoplasms of the sinonasal tract [4, 5]. Many of these have salivary gla...
Chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is one of the most common and serious infections worldwide . According to the world health organization, approximately two billion people have been infected with hbv and more than 240 million of them suffer from chronic hbv infection . Chronic hbv infection may be complicated b...
Atrial fibrillation (af) is a global healthcare problem, currently affecting 2.5% of the population worldwide, its prevalence steeply increases with age (1), ranging from 9% between 76 - 85 years to> 10% over 85 years (2) and it is expected to increase in the future (1). Although not directly life threatening, af affec...
Melanoma most commonly arises from epidermal skin melanocytes (cutaneous melanoma), but primary tumors can also be found lining the choroidal layer of the eye (uveal melanoma) or the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal surfaces . Similar to other tumors, the progression stage of mel...
Although this developmental stage is marked by a range of potential stressors, help seeking rates in traditional mental health services tend to be low . Parents, teachers, school or college counsellors and other supportive adults need to be empowered to recognise and respond to emotional and behavioral difficulties amo...
Stability of the trunk, often referred to as core stability, has gained considerable attention in the recent years . It can be operationally defined as: the body s ability to control the trunk in response to internal and external disturbances, including the forces generated from distal body segments as well as from exp...
When microvascular option is not available or contraindicated the pedicle options are usually pectoralis major myocutaneous (pmmc) flap for lining and deltopectoral (dp) flap for cover . If this procedure can be done in a single stage it becomes advantageous both for the patient in terms of reducing the morbidity, tota...
By definition, health literacy is defined as the degree to which an individual has the capacity to obtain, communicate, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions. (http://www.cdc.gov / healthliteracy / learn / index.html) results from prior studies provide eviden...
In the western world, the commonest indications for liver transplantation are end - stage cirrhosis due to hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and, secondly, cirrhosis from alcohol (ald). The medium and longer term outcome of patients undergoing transplantation for hcv - related cirrhosis is reduced because of the impact...
Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas (pichs) of the cranium are rare benign vascular tumors that account for about 0.2% of all bone tumors and 10% of benign skull tumors . These typically present as osteolytic lesions in the calvarium. [24] even though calcification in hemangioma is relatively common, completely ...
In women previously treated for breast cancer, surveillance mammography is useful for early detection of tumour recurrence, or for confirming the absence of recurrent cancer, and for the early detection of contralateral cancers . Although published figures vary, it has been estimated that approximately 50% of local rec...
Neurofibromatosis type - i (nf-1, von recklinghausen's disease) is an autosomal - dominant single - gene hereditary disorder of neural crest cells, involving neuroectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm . It affects 1:3000 - 4000 individuals and is caused by a defect in the gene responsible for the production of the protein n...
Smoking is still the single greatest preventable cause of premature death and disability in modern times.1 it has been estimated that one third of the world's population, above 15 years of age, are current smokers . It is much more prevalent among males (47%) than females (12%).2 tobacco consumption does not only pose ...
Periodontitis can be considered as the consequence of broken balances in bacterial components of the dental plaque . Its prevalence drives to its consideration as the most prevalent infectious disease in the community, with 75% of adults affected as reported in published studies . Several studies have identified simila...
Eosinophilic protein x is produced by activated eosinophils and can be measured in blood, stools, and urine (uepx) [1, 2]. Elevated uepx has been reported in asthmatics with or without allergy [3, 4], with great overlap between healthy controls and asthmatics [5, 6]. A relation with asthma symptoms and lung function ha...
Acc was initially described by bilroth in 1856 and named as cylindroma for its classic histologic appearance . Although these tumors are usually low - grade malignancies as per histologic differentiation, management of these tumors is a distinct therapeutic challenge because of the propensity for local invasion, perine...
The interest of clinical research in aging males increased in recent years and thereby the interest to measure health - related quality of life and symptoms of aging men . The aging males' symptoms (ams) scale was originally developed in germany in 1999 based on the assumption that like women during their menopausal tr...
Reverse transcription of viral rna into double - stranded (ds) dna, and the subsequent insertion of the synthesized viral dna (vdna) into a host chromosome, are characteristic features of retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). The reverse transcription and integration of the viral genome is...
Fundamental molecular transactions responsible for the cell s homeostasis (such as in transcription, translation, and replication) involve dynamic interactions of multiple components and their regulations via allostery, conformational changes, or translocation . As an example, protein dna interactions play a crucial ro...
These surfactant characteristics result from the combination of the polar hydroxyl groups on the concave -face and the methyl groups on the convex -face . Bile salts in aqueous solution form aggregates mainly due to hydrophobic attractive interactions of the apolar -faces . It is known that bile salts form micelles at ...
Since its introduction, clozapine has been associated with haematological abnormalities, with most common abnormality being leucopenia, and other less commonly reported haematological abnormalities include agranulocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytothaemia . However, there are few repo...
Lung cancer is the leading type of occupational cancer, with 13% to 30% of the cases attributable to occupational exposures [1, 2]. Numerous lung carcinogenic hazards were / are present in the work place, in particular asbestos, a lung carcinogen very frequently found in numerous occupational settings such as construct...
Supplementary figure 1 . Regional assembly supplementary table 1 . Bacterial data sets used to test polymorphism discovery with vaal supplementary table 2 . Nature of called, uncalled polymorphisms of m. tuberculosis f11 vs h37rv supplementary table 3 . Effect of depth of sequence coverage on discovery of polymorphisms...
Renal cell carcinoma (rcc) has a propensity to metastasize along the hematogenous route . About 20% to 25% of patients with rcc have distant metastases at presentation,1 and another 50% develop distant metastases or local recurrence after nephrectomy.2 metastasis can occur at any time, and the most frequent sites inclu...
Cystic fibrosis (cf) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene . The protein product of the gene is a chloride channel and a member of the atp - binding cassette membrane transporter superfamily . The cftr channel is critical for the normal...
Scientometric methods can be used to show potentially fruitful areas for drug discovery, based on the assumption that higher levels of scientific activity, including publication rates, will point to specific targets for novel therapies.1 bordons et al demonstrated the usefulness of bibliometric analyses to detect trend...
The 30-item inventory of depressive symptomatology (ids30) (rush et al 1996, 2000; trivedi et al 2004b) has been widely used and evaluated using classical test theory methods . The standard total score is obtained by summing the ratings of 28 of the 30 items . Either weight loss or weight gain, appetite loss or appetit...