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Amongst various techniques available for solubility enhancement of poorly soluble drugs, powdered liquid technology is comparatively less explored . Liquisolid technology, as described by spireas and bolton, can be used to transform a liquid into a free flowing, easily compressible, and apparently dry powder by simple ...
Myofascial pain syndrome (mps) is a common dysfunction affecting up to 85% of general population . It affects the muscles of mastication and neck and covers sensory, motor, and autonomic symptoms . Mps was originally described by janet travell (john f. kennedy's physician) and david simons . Kellgren published seminal ...
Renal cell carcinomas (rcc) represent 2 - 3% of all non - cutaneous malignant neoplasms in adults of both genders . Rcc is not a single entity, but encompasses a group of histologically distinct tumors including clear cell rcc (ccrcc), papillary rcc (prcc) and chromophobe rcc (crcc). The world health organization class...
Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by involuntary sustained muscle spasms causing in twisting movements and abnormal posturing of one or multiple body parts . With respect to the latter, dystonic syndromes can be divided into primary and secondary forms, dystonia - plus syndromes and heredodegen...
Dna single strands can hybridize to form higher - order functional structures, which include hairpins, triplexes, and quadruplexes [14]. The existence and physiological relevance of these secondary structures in vivo have been the subject of much controversy . However, several in vivo techniques have confirmed the pres...
The regulation of gene expression is mainly conferred by transcription factors (tfs) that bind to cis - regulatory sequences . These sequences can be used to generate hypothesis about tf that may be involved in the regulation of nearby genes (1,2). In arabidopsis thaliana, more than 1500 tfs corresponding to 5% of the ...
Epilepsy is one of the chronic illnesses with the greatest negative impact on quality of life especially for children . Studies have reported that compared to healthy controls, children with epilepsy exhibit more behavioral problems, depressive symptoms, social withdrawal, aggression etc . Factors such as comorbidity, ...
Cross - sectional imaging strongly influences the diagnosis and management of several pathologic entities including liver lesions, pulmonary nodules, and gastrointestinal (gi) hemorrhage . Often, patients will have pre procedure cross - sectional imaging that guides the management plan . While high - quality computed t...
In spite of the early reluctance of the plastic surgery community to accept regular use of perforator based propeller flaps in clinical practice, these flaps are gradually looked upon as a safe and reliable option in reconstructive plastic surgery . A propeller flap is an island flap that moves around a stationary vasc...
Transurethral resection of the prostate (turp) is an effective treatment modality for lower urinary tract symptoms (luts) secondary to a benign obstruction of the prostate (bop). However, in some patients, the improvement of symptoms after turp is insufficient [2, 3]. Therefore, studies have been conducted to detect pa...
With an aging population, the prevalence of aortic stenosis (as) is on the rise . As presents as a continuum and patients are typically asymptomatic for a period of time, with onset of symptoms marking a key point in the natural history significantly impacting survival.1 current guidelines recommend aortic valve replac...
Portal annular pancreas (pap) is a rare variant in which the uncinate process of the pancreas extends to the dorsal surface of the pancreas body and surrounds the portal vein or superior mesenteric vein (smv). Recent progress has made it possible to diagnose pap preoperatively with contrast - enhanced multidetector com...
Osas is one of the most significant health problems in middle - aged people and leads to daytime sleepiness and cognitive deficiencies as well as many systemic diseases . It is a highly prevalent disorder, and at least 4% of middle - aged males and 2% of middle - aged females are estimated to be affected . Diagnosis of...
The centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) estimates that the peak h1n1 season (april 2009 to april 2010) in the united states resulted in 4389 million cases, 195403 thousand hospitalizations, and 8,87018,300 deaths.1 in addition to morbidity and mortality, keech and beardsworth concluded in their review that...
Bone metastases are exceedingly common among advanced cancer patients, especially in those with breast, prostate, and lung carcinomas, . They are a cause of great morbidity and result in significant pain in 5075% of patients at some point throughout the course of their illness,, . Bone metastases can also lead to hyper...
Rna molecules lacking 5 and 3 ends and shaped as covalently closed circular rnas (circrnas) were described decades ago in a variety of model systems, but they were considered rare events (sanger et al ., 1976, capel et al ., 1993). However, recent studies report that these molecules are commonly produced by thousands o...
A 92-year old male resident in a nursing home was admitted to our tertiary care center in riyadh, saudi arabia, with a general deterioration . He had a past history of diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension and stroke . The physical examination revealed a temperature of 34c, blood pressure of 70/30 mmhg, pulse rate o...
Familial mediterranean fever (fmf) is an autosomal recessive hereditary autoinflammatory disease, which primarily affects several ethnic groups originating in the mediterranean basin including jews (mainly non - ashkenazi), armenians, turks, arabs, and less commonly greeks and italians . However, in recent years, more ...
Subjects with type 1 diabetes were from the australian type 1 diabetes dna repository (11,12). They had been diagnosed by a specialist physician on the basis of hyperglycemia requiring immediate and ongoing insulin therapy . All subjects were of european descent and lived in metropolitan melbourne or the wider state of...
In the previous issue of critical care, eslami and coworkers review the various outcome measures used to evaluate the quality of blood glucose (bg) control (level of' tight glycaemic control' [tgc]) in critically ill patients; the review considers studies published prior to 2008 . They subdivided 30 different indicator...
Malignant myelomatous pleural effusions (mpes) are very rare and occur in <1% of cases of mm . Since this condition is associated with poor prognosis, an accurate diagnosis of this condition is necessary . In this article, we report a rare case of a patient who initially presented with pleural effusion, which was subse...
Despite the increase in the incidence of abdominal trauma caused by traffic accidents, traumatic pancreatic injury is relatively uncommon . Pancreatic injuries occur in only 0.2% to 4% of all abdominal injuries (1 - 5). However, morbidity and mortality rates associated with injuries to the pancreas approach 40% and 19%...
Primary hyperparathyroidism (phpt) is a disease characterized by elevated or inappropriately normal parathyroid hormone (pth) levels due to excessive secretion by one or more parathyroid glands . The classical form of the disease is characterized by hypercalcemia, kidney stones, and severe bone disease . The routine me...
Amitani is widely credited to be the first to have described a pattern of idiopathic upper lobe fibrosis in the japanese literature in 1992, and subsequently this pattern of pulmonary fibrosis has frequently been referred to as amitani disease. However, in their case series in 2004, frankel et al . From the interstitia...
Phosphorylation is an important post - translational modification performed by kinases that catalyze the addition of phosphate groups onto the target amino acids, such as serines, threonines, and tyrosines . In prokaryotes phosphorylation is a reversible process, and under appropriate conditions, phosphorylated residue...
This paradox was first resolved by matzinger in 1994 who proposed that our immune system is designed to combat danger, rather than mediate recognition of non - self over self . Pathogen - associated molecular patterns (pamps) and endogenous molecules created upon tissue injury, since called damage - associated molecula...
This study was conducted at a tertiary eye care center, catering to a population of approximately a million . All patients on the diabetes mellitus register held at general practices in the catchment population were screened by a national diabetic eye screening program, and all patients with referable diabetic retinopa...
Moyamoya disease (mmd) is an infrequent disease that is characterized by progressive occlusive or stenotic lesions at the distal portions of internal carotid arteries and an aberrant vascular network at the base of the brain that resembles puffs of smoke on angiography . Mmd has captured increasing and intensive attent...
The pharmacokinetics of levocetirizine present a linear correlation with the administered dose, are not time dependent, and exhibit little variability among different subjects . Administered orally, levocetirizine is absorbed quickly and broadly; its bonding to plasma proteins is 95% and its distribution volume is low ...
Women with unresectable chest wall recurrence (cwr) of breast cancer are challenging patients to treat . They often receive doxorubicin, as it has considerable efficacy and is the most frequently used systemic agent for breast cancer [14]. When patients treatments fail following prior radiation and anthracycline therap...
Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary adult ocular malignancy, with an estimate incidence in the united states of approximately 5 cases per million inhabitants per year, with no clear data about its incidence in europe . However, in the last decades, conservative techniques have been developed demonstrating eff...
Grape is also one of the most commonly consumed fruits in the world both as fresh fruit (table grape) and processed fruit (wine, grape juice, molasses, and raisins) [1, 2]. There are greater than one hundred grape species which are divided into 2 subgenera: euvitis and muscadinia . Commercially cultivated grapes are us...
Over the past few years, many advances have been made in mass spectrometry techniques and protein enrichment strategies that have significantly improved the detection efficiency of phosphorylated proteins (1,2). Consequently, steadily increasing numbers of phosphorylated peptides are being reported from mouse and human...
Thallus crustose, epiphloeodal, thick, up to 1 mm high, bulging and partly flaking away from the substratum, gray . Surface dull to rarely slightly shiny, smooth to somewhat mealy, continuous, unfissured . True cortex absent, thallus covered by continuous phenocortex up to c. 40 m high, hyaline, dense, conglutinated, f...
All authors have contributed significantly in designing and organizing to write manuscript, collecting data as well help in critical analysing the manuscript.
Several epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of bronchial asthma and obesity is increasing concomitantly worldwide among children and young adults . The mechanisms of these pathologies remain unclear despite a number of publications on the relationship between the two diseases [2, 3]. Obesity may be a...
The diagnosis of narcoleptics with cataplexy was made according to the revised international classification of sleep disorders . (8) and include: 1) loss of muscle tone has a visible effect or involves other muscle groups in addition to leg muscles; 2) frequency of cataplexy occurring> 1 per month; 3) duration of catap...
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the commonest cancer in childhood, is now curable in 80% of the cases . The increasing success in pediatric oncology is in part related to the use of more intensive chemotherapy and high - dose chemotherapy plus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation . A multitude of factors including ski...
The covered exstrophy is an extremely rare variant of exstrophy epispadias complex wherein the incomplete closure of the anterior abdominal wall does not include the skin; the entirety of the skin guarantees an easier management and lower distress comparing with the classic bladder exstrophy . If the bladder exstrophy ...
The economic importance of potato (solanum tuberosum l.) has grown considerably during the 12 000 years since its domestication and cultivation in the region of southern peru and northern bolivia around lake titicaca, bringing it to its current status as a staple crop in many developing and developed countries . A cent...
Acute cholecystitis is the most common complication of gallbladder stones, and one of the most frequently seen acute surgical diseases (1). Before tokyo guidelines management strategy of acute cholecystitis was introduced for effective dissemination of the guidelines in the world (2, 3). Today, tokyo guidelines criteri...
Primary hyperparathyroidism (phpt) is a common endocrine disorder with an incidence of 0.4 to 1 per 1,000 individuals, with a peak during the 5 and 6 decades of life . 1 symptomatic patients, and those without symptoms that meet the guidelines for the 2002 nih consensus development panel for asymptomatic phpt, are cand...
, cases of esophageal cancer treated with radiotherapy can often be divided into 2 groups: those with effective responses, in which radiation can control or cure tumors, and those with ineffective responses, in which radiotherapy has little or no efficacy [24]. Many studies of tissue and cellular responses to radiation...
Metal contaminated soils pose a severe threat to environment, agriculture and consequently via the food chain to human and animal health (schwitzgubel et al ., 2011). A promising approach to substitute costly remediation technologies is phytoextraction, the use of plants to clean up polluted soils (salt et al ., 1998)....
Dens invaginatus also known as dens in dente, or telescopic tooth is a developmental malformation that can occur on primary, permanent or supernumerary tooth . It is characterized by the inversion or infolding of the enamel and dentin towards the pulp chamber usually appearing as an opening on the surface of crown . Th...
The study was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee of the clinical research institute of seoul national university hospital (approval number 07156, 06 - 2006 - 210 - 9). Nine male dogs weighing 17 to 21.5 kg were assigned to one of 3 groups according to the distance that was to be maintained betw...
Fungal infections, both community acquired and nosocomial represent a major challenge, particularly in immunocompromised patients, as the organisms tend to be resistant to common drugs . Amphotericin b (amb), a potent polyene is one of the drugs used in therapy for patients with deep - seated fungal infections caused b...
Parasites were genetically characterised as hum / me/1997/mex / rych1 or as t. cruzi rych1 (snchez - guilln et al . Passages in 10-week - old balb / c mice at four - week intervals . Mice, infection and treatments - balb / c female mice (8 - 10 weeks of age and 25 5 g) were allocated at room temperature (21 - 23c). The...
Supernumerary teeth are defined as those in addition to the normal series of deciduous or permanent dentition . They may appear as a single tooth or multiple teeth, unilaterally or bilaterally, erupted or impacted and in mandible / maxilla or both the jaws . The prevalence of supernumerary teeth varies between 0.1 and ...
The human t - lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-1) is a retrovirus that accounts for several human diseases (17). Two of the most frequent diseases induced by htlv - i are adult t - cell leukemia / lymphoma (atll) (8) and chronic progressive myelopathy, called htlv - i associated myelopathy / tropical spastic paraparesis...
Its defining histopathology is the existence of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas with accompanying mononuclear cell infiltration and microarchitecture destruction [1, 2]. Although sarcoidosis involves the lungs in> 90% of cases, it also affects the heart, skin, eye, and central nervous system . This accounts for its...
The ingrown toenail is a common problem which occurs mostly in the first toe and causes a high amount of morbidity in affected patients . In this report we document a strange case of ingrown toenail of the first toe, which had developed as a huge mass and enveloped the nail . We describe here the cauterization of the n...
Since kells first reported the usefulness of visualizing a lead wire in a root canal on a radiogram in establishing the length of a root canal in 1899 [1, 2], radiography has been a pivotal tool in the practice of endodontics . Almost a century later, building on the pioneering efforts of those using conventional compu...
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (acc) represents the second most common malignancy of the salivary glands and is associated with a poor long term prognosis . One of the important prognostic factors is the histological grade determined by the percentage of solid component in the tumor [13]. High grade transformation in acc is ...
Establishment of parasitic infections is dependent on a delicate and constant interaction between host and parasite, specifically, interactions between the host immune system and molecules released by the parasite or located at the parasite surface [1, 2]. Parasitic organisms have evolved the ability to survive in such...
A fungal endophyte (coded g85) was isolated from the stems of a healthy milk thistle plant (silybum marianum). Using morphological characteristics and molecular studies (based on its1 - 5.8s - its2 and rpb2 sequence data; figures s2 and s3, supporting information), g85 was identified as penicillium restrictum (eurotial...
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue, with a wide variety of physiological functions, and thus muscle loss results not only in physical dysfunction but also in metabolic impairment . Inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf) and interleukin-6 (il-6) are important mediators of catabolic res...
Cerebrovascular events still remain as one of the major leading causes of death and disability all over the world . Only in the united states, the annual incidence of these events has been estimated to be 780.000 strokes, 600.000 as the primary strokes and others as recurrent attacks . The management of cerebrovascular...
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (pocd) is a major complication characterized by disordered thinking and impaired consciousness following surgeries and anesthesia, especially in elderly individuals . Early studies focused on pocd after cardiac surgery, but a recent study conducted by evered et al . Showed that it wa...
The hippocampal formation, a well - defined region of brain involved in the spatial learning performance, is especially vulnerable to the process of aging and shows early signs of age - related changes in the function and structure (1, 2). Previous studies indicated a decrease in the volume of the hippocampus during no...
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (peg) tube is an important method of providing enteral nutrition to patients with swallowing disorders and those who need long - term enteral nutritional support . Because of its ease and safety of placement, the number of patients with peg tubes continues to rise . Most of the compl...
Psoriasis is a chronic t - cell - mediated inflammatory disease affecting the skin and joints . Recent epidemiological studies have shown that psoriasis patients are prone to develop cardiovascular and other metabolic syndromes . On the other hand, a variety of cutaneous disorders may be associated with psoriasis . Occ...
The incidence of inguinal hernia continues to increase, with 500,000 new inguinal hernias diagnosed annually . The most recent data available show that approximately 800,000 inguinal hernia operations, not including bilateral or recurrent repair, were performed in 2003 . Inguinal hernia repair is one of the cornerstone...
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (rd) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in all countries around the world . Since 1970, epidemiologic studies have been conducted in ophthalmology to examine patient characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis . However, there are few studies focusing on the referral routes o...
The kidney is physiologically hypoxic despite its plentiful blood supply (as much as 20% of the cardiac output in humans), because an oxygen shunt is present between arteries and veins that run in close proximity . Therefore, it is reasonable to consider that erythropoietin - producing cells reside in the kidney, where...
Anterior cruciate ligament (acl) tears are one of the most common knee injuries and single bundle (sb) acl reconstruction has been the traditional treatment since long.12 although results of sb acl reconstruction have been good, numerous studies indicate superiority of double bundle (db) reconstruction in terms of over...
Angiosarcomas are poorly differentiated neoplasms composed of stands of endothelial cells and have a very narrow lumen filled with blood cells . Angiosarcomas frequently originate from the vascular wall, usually from medium and large sized veins . They are malignant but rarely result in recurrences or metastases to lun...
A global upsurge in human life expectancy and the recent phenomenon of late - life mortality deceleration have contributed to a higher demand for long - term care.1,2 accordingly, an increasing number of older people are living a longer life while struggling with comorbidities, physical and mental disabilities, emotion...
The mortality and morbidity from cvst in various prospective studies range between 8.8% and 44.4% . Conditions predisposing to dural sinus thrombosis include puerperium, trauma, malignancy, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypercoagulable states, infections, medications (e.g., synthetic steroids and contraceptiv...
Complete or partial edentulism is a common occurrence . To fabricate accurate dental prostheses for rehabilitation of an edentulous area, precise impression of the hard (dental) and soft tissue taken with impression material with high dimensional stability use of impression materials with inadequate dimensional stabili...
What are the evolutionary forces that drive operon formation in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes? One idea is that stronger genome size constraints in prokaryotes provide a large benefit to reducing the number of promoters . Another idea is that the high rate of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes provides an adva...
Thalassemia is the most common hereditary blood disorder and approximately 240 million people worldwide carry beta thalassemia . Approximately 200,000 patients with thalassemia major have been documented in the world and each year about 60 million people will be added to this figure . About 3 million people are carrier...
Plants can be attacked by many herbivorous insects and have evolved a variety of defense strategies, including morphological barriers, synthesis of toxic or repellent secondary metabolites, and the release of synomones that attract natural enemies of the herbivores . These defenses can be constitutive, i.e., expressed ...
Prevalence studies in the uk4 found that 2.6% of people aged 66 and over living in private households experienced abuse, and a similar study in ireland3 indicated a prevalence of 2.2% . These studies also show that elderly victims of abuse are in frequent contact with health care services, but few report the abuse.3,4 ...
Patients were enrolled in this institutional review board approved observational study (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, nct00597883). Eligible patients were scheduled for elective cea for high - grade carotid artery stenosis and clinically diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes, whether therapeutically treated or not . Alt...
Glaucoma is a progressive disease affecting the optic nerve1 and is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide.2 the etiology of glaucoma is multifactorial, but elevated intraocular pressure (iop) has been associated with the risk and progression of the disease, resulting in visual field loss and optic disk cuppin...
In 20022003 in kochi prefecture, western japan, 2 men sought medical care for rickettsiosis - like signs and symptoms . Case - patient 1 (61 years old) sought care for fever (39.2c), chills, and malaise 10 days after traveling to the mountains (day 0, the day of symptom onset). His physician prescribed cefdinir (300 mg...
Since 2010 when the seminal paper by sklov et al . Was published, many authors have begun to catalog the diagnosis and clinicopathologic characteristics of mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (masc). However, while the literature concerning the histological characteristics of masc is burgeoning, the cytomorphological ...
High - resolution real - time observation of cells and cellular processes in their liquid environments is crucial for revealing cellular structures and functions . Electron microscopes (ems) can easily achieve a nanometer level resolution; therefore, ems are efficient tools for observing cellular structures . However, ...
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) is a rare and acute syndrome which involves multiple organ systems . In spite of the consistent findings of cardiac involvement in the autopsy studies, clinical evidence for cardiac involvement is surprisingly limited . We report a patient with seemingly remitted ttp, who prese...
The importance of community - based health education in undergraduate curricula has been validated in medical education and practice. (12) the current shift of emphasis from curative to preventive medicine makes community - based medical education of utmost importance . Even though only a small proportion of medical gr...
A 78-year - old man noted dysarthria, gait slowness, and clumsiness when using spoon and chopsticks with his right hand for 2 weeks . He had a history of hypertension and experienceed head trauma due to falling down from the bed without altered consciousness about 3 months ago . The patient denied history of any anti -...
Acute renal failure (arf) related to pregnancy refers to a spectrum of prognosis ranging from potentially preventable to fatal . This entity has received a major boost in terms of prevention due to improving obstetric care with special emphasis on abortion . Unfortunately, the efforts have found results in high income ...
The environment changes continually and, on an evolutionary time scale, these changes can impose selection pressures that alter the optimal expression of phenotypes or behavior . Behavioral plasticity, the ability of an animal to alter its behavior in response to changes of environmental conditions, is expected if the ...
The occurrence of intradialytic hypotension (idh) during hemodialysis (hd) continues to be a main problem in patients with esrd (end - stage kidney disease). We reviewed clinical and experimental literature in a variety of sources, including pubmed, current content, scopus, embase, and iranmedex regarding the possible ...
Interatrial block (iab) is defined as impaired conduction between right and left atrium (la) and is reflected by prolonged p wave duration exceeding 120 ms on the surface ecg . Iab can be identified in up to 4050% of routinely performed ecgs but is frequently overlooked or ignored [1, 2]. Iab is associated with atrial ...
A 69-year - old female patient (59.3 kg, 154.6 cm, body mass index 24.8) was scheduled for total knee replacement (tkr). Past medical history revealed that the patient underwent general anesthesia for prior tkr of the other knee three years at another hospital, and the patient failed to recall any specific events assoc...
Quinolones, one of the commonly used broad spectrum antibacterials, are frequently associated with neuropsychiatric adverse effects . These may range from dizziness, headache, and sleep disturbances being the frequent ones, anxiety, suicidal ideations, delirium, hallucinations, agitation, confusion, psychosis, and cata...
Posterior pelvic exenteration (ppe) is a significant procedure to achieve complete tumor removal within the pelvis in the surgical treatment of primary advanced ovarian cancer or, less frequently, of recurrent disease . In most cases of this supralevator - type resection a low colorectal anastomosis, which is usually l...
Vaccines are one of the most successful medical interventions in human history and estimated to prevent more than 2.5 million deaths every year [1, 2]. In essence, vaccination is about convincing the immune system to treat a noninfectious artificially introduced substance as an invading pathogen and to raise an immune ...
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The disease is clinically heterogeneous and is classified into three types based on the presence and severity of neurological symptoms . Type 1 is non - neuronopathic, while types 2 and 3 are acute and chronic neuronopathic, respectively . Type 3 is typified by slowing and looping of the horizontal saccadic eye movemen...
Diabetic nephropathy became the leading cause of chronic dialysis in 1998 . Since then, the incidence of this condition has increased, with only a recent plateau . However, diabetic nephropathy continues to account for a large proportion of all cases of chronic kidney disease (ckd), and remains by far the most common u...
In our daily clinical work we have noted an increasing number of cosmetic surgeries performed abroad in eastern and southern europe for financial reasons, similar to american lipotourism, or liposurgery performed abroad, mostly in latin america and the caribbean . In our opinion this cosmetic - surgery tourism will lea...
The existence of conserved longevity pathways may seem counterintuitive from an evolutionary perspective . This is because evolution selects for reproductive success rather than long life . In fact, a leading theory of the evolution of aging, antagonistic pleiotropy, even stipulates that genotypes promoting reproductio...
Resistance to antibiotics follows selection pressure and increases with their use . The current rate of resistance especially in gram - negative bacteria to multiple, most, or all antibiotics has reached alarming levels in many parts of the world . Such multidrug, extensively drug and pan - resistant bacteria limit the...
Although the term myiasis was coined by f.w . Hope in 1840, it was first described by laurance in 1909 . Myasis has been defined as a pathological condition in which there is an infestation of living mammals with dipterous larvae, which, for at least a certain period, feed on living or dead tissue in the host and devel...
Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (dress) syndrome is a rare and life - threatening delayed drug hypersensitivity reaction characterized by skin eruption, fever, lymphadenopathies, and visceral involvement . Lamotrigine [6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine- 3,5-diamine] is an antiepileptic drug, effec...
Fetuses with impaired intrauterine growth resulting from placental insufficiency are at increased risk of adverse short- and long - term outcome . In fact, intrauterine growth restriction (iugr) is a major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity, and it is associated with several health problems throughout life . Cu...
The concept of controlled drug release from polymeric materials was first established in the 1960s by judah folkman when he discovered that exposure of anesthetic gases to the external surface of a silicone rubber arteriovenous shunt containing circulating rabbit blood caused the rabbits to fall asleep.1 based on this ...