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G protein - coupled receptors (gpcrs) are integral membrane proteins that transduce extracellular signals such as light, hormones, and chemoattractants to downstream signal pathways . Activated gpcrs are phosphorylated by a family of serine / threonine kinases named g protein - coupled receptor kinases (grks), a proces... |
A number of deficiencies exist in current reporting strategies, which were discussed in the first article of this reporting series.1 these reporting deficiencies can be characterized according to content, communication, analysis, and organization . Content refers to the facts and observations the radiologist has identi... |
Mitochondria lie at the heart of energy provision for most cells and tissues, providing energy for the balance against negative entropy, for maintenance of cell structure and for active signalling . As mitochondria are crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, including atp production and intracellular calci... |
Post - steroid panniculitis is a rare complication of systemic corticosteroid therapy, which develops within days or weeks following rapid tapering or cessation of the drug . Till date clinically it presents with erythematous nodules varying in size from 0.5 to 4 cm, and tend to localize in those areas where there is t... |
Melioidosis has not yet been found as a public health threat in philippines which however is highly endemic in neighboring asian countries . For the past several years, only 2 cases have been published locally and none of these presented liver abscess . This is a case of a 44-year - old male farmer from philippines wit... |
Phenol is one of the crucial pollutants released from the wastewater originating from the chemical industries like pulp and paper, gas and coke manufacturing, tanning, textile, plastics, rubber, pharmaceutical industries, ferrous industries and petroleum refinery and its substantial concentration in wastewater is liste... |
The purpose of the end - of - life (eol) discussion is to allow dying patients to die peacefully without undergoing aggressive interventions before death . In korea, do - not - resuscitate (dnr) is an order to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) or advanced cardiac life support in respect of the wishes of a pa... |
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies which counts for more than 90% of gastric cancers whereas the incidence of primary mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphoma is approximately 7.6% of all non - hodgkin's lymphomas . Malt lymphoma is an indolent, low - grade, mature small b cell non - hodgk... |
With the rapid progress being made in genome sciences, effective genome engineering holds great promise both in understanding the molecular bases of human diseases and in treating human disorders with identifiable alterations in the genome . Since the advent of the effective but clumsy zinc - finger nuclease - based ta... |
Previously, it has been reported that extraction of pgs would reduce compressive, but not tensile, stiffness, whereas collagen degradation decreases tensile stiffness and strength . In addition to collagen content, the organization of collagen fibrils affects the biomechanical properties of the articular cartilage . As... |
The term metabolic syndrome (ms) refers to a clustering of specific cardiovascular (cv) disease risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, high triglycerides, and low hdl levels whose underlying pathophysiology is thought to be related to insulin resistance . Some clinical studies debate whether ms is a dist... |
Curative hepatic resection is currently accepted as the most effective treatment for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (crlm). Recent reports showed that the mortality rate has decreased to less than 1%, and 5-year survival rates have increased after hepatectomy in these patients . However, only 10 to 20... |
Young infants are often observed to be affected by typical sickness symptoms including runny nose (rhinorrhea), nasal blockage, and/or sneezing and are linked with common childhood problems, such as rhinitis (13). The main causative mechanism observed that constitutes a causative factor behind all these symptoms is inf... |
Salivary gland malignancies are rare neoplasms and they comprise only about 0.5% of all malignancies . Many factors affect the prognosis of patients with salivary gland malignancies; among them, the two most significant factors are clinical stage at the time of presentation and histological grading . In order to achiev... |
In magnetic resonance imaging (mri), data is acquired with a finite resolution that is limited by several factors such as the signal - to - noise ratio (snr), hardware and time limitations or patient's comfort . In typical clinical settings, traditionally, in - plane resolution has been higher than resolution in the sl... |
Glucagon - like peptide-1 (glp-1) augments glucose - stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas and limits new glucose production in the liver . Glp-1, however, is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl - peptidase iv (dpp-4) [2, 3]. Sitagliptin is an oral medication indicated for type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) and prevent... |
Chronic hepatitis can result from persistent infections with hepatotropic viruses (hbv and hcv), autoimmune responses to the liver (autoimmune hepatitis), or drug usage . While drug - induced hepatitis can generally be resolved upon drug usage cessation, autoimmune and viral hepatitis can be a lifelong illness . Althou... |
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2) expression is investigated routinely on all breast cancer cases to make the therapeutic decisions for patients with breast cancer . The american society of clinical oncology (asco)/college of american pathologist (cap) recommendations for her2 status testing are first imm... |
While the aetiology of obesity has been simplified to an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure over a prolonged period, the psychological, social, physiological, environmental, and other factors causing this imbalance are complex . A complex problem does not always necessitate a complex intervention, b... |
A 28-year - old male patient visited our dental office for exodontia of the third molars . During the inferior left alveolar nerve block, an anesthetic needle fracture occurred due to patient movement or a possible manufacturing error . The left mandibular third molar was removed and radiographic monitoring was carried... |
A 56-year - old male, 168 cm tall and weighing 71 kg, with a traumatic right rotator cuff injury, was scheduled for arthroscopic reconstruction surgery under general anesthesia . This patient had a history of diabetes mellitus and was taking oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin . For several years, he experienced recur... |
While rapid industrialization in the 20th century has introduced a significant degree of convenience to human life, the global population is being exposed to a polluted environment that includes contaminated air such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, dioxin, formaldehyde, chlorine, bisphenol, and estradiol . Among th... |
The rapid increase in incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) underscores the importance of identifying effective treatment strategies . Between 2000 and 2030, the number of people with t2 dm worldwide is expected to rise from 171 million to 366 million, and this increase is expected even if current levels of obe... |
Decisions regarding renal replacement therapy (rrt) require complex interactions between patients, carers and the renal multidisciplinary team . Often, the decision is focussed upon patient wishes and modality rather than location . Understanding patient values, their lifestyle, their wish for autonomy and a convenient... |
Zinc phosphide (zn3p2/znp) is used as a highly effective rodenticide to protect grain from rodents and is usually produced as a dark gray powder 1 . When ingested by accident, through suicidal or homicidal attempts, in the presence of water and acid in the stomach, it transforms into phosphine gas (ph3) and affects dif... |
A friend calls you just hours after the unexpected birth of his son at 28 weeks gestation . He tells you the neonatologist would like to transfer his child to a center that has the ability to perform high - frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov). Sherry e courtney, david j durand and jeanette m asselin despite recent... |
The role of cognitive and executive functions in walking, standing, and various stepping - in - place (sip) paradigms is now increasingly appreciated . In parkinson's disease (pd), subtle cognitive and cognitive - motor dual - task (dt) deficits are prevalent and are an early and consistent hallmark of declines in cogn... |
The danger model (dm) was proposed by poly matzinger as an alternative (or complement) to the traditional self - non - self- (sns-) model . The dm postulates that the immune system decides to start an immune response if a potential threat is able to induce harm in the tissues, in counterpart to the sns - model where fo... |
To facilitate satisfactory decision - making (e.g., for school type) and effective intervention measures for children at risk for developmental problems, it is essential to make sure that appropriate and fair assessment is possible . This becomes even more critical when a child has a specific disability, such as motor ... |
Brca1-associated protein 1 (bap1) is a nuclear deubiquitinating enzyme in the ubiquitin c - terminal hydrolase family . It is encoded by the bap1 gene at 3p21.1 and together with other genes such as arid1a and pbrm1, is involved in chromatin remodeling.bap1 behaves as a true tumor suppressor gene and appears to follow ... |
The retina is made of several cellular layers, composed of several types of neurons and glial cells . Glia, the non - neuronal cell types in the central nervous system, are considered to provide neurons with the supportive function, with the mechanical buffering from trauma, or with the soft embedding for the neurite g... |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) or chronic lung disease (cld) was first described in 1967 as a severe form of lung disease in premature infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome, who received prolonged mechanical ventilation and high concentrations of oxygen . Improved mechanically ventilatory strategies, and ... |
The menarcheal age of korean women has been rapidly decreasing for the last 50 years, and the average menarcheal age of women born in the 1990s is approaching 12.6 years1). In addition, interest in early puberty has been increasing recently in korea owing to the rapid increase in precocious puberty2). As central precoc... |
Sh is a 44-year - old female diagnosed with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy and stroke - like episodes (melas) at age 32 after suffering a fall at her job that was thought to be secondary to a seizure . After her diagnosis was made, she was initially followed by neurology; however she was subsequently referred t... |
Motor neuron disease can strike at any age with multiple types known as spinal - muscular atrophy (sma) that can affects infants or young children whereas the typical adult patient with motor neuron degeneration is typically age 66 years; sporadic adult onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) has an incidence of 2 to... |
One common approximation that makes macromolecular simulations, such as protein folding and association, tractable is to use implicit rather than explicit solvent . Implicit solvents trade the detailed accounting of water, lipid, or other surrounding solvent molecules for an averaged effective solvent representation . ... |
At the first stage of tooth development, odontogenic potential first appears in the presumptive dental epithelium which elicits the formation of a dental papilla in ectomesenchymal cells (reviewed by mina and kollar 1987; lumsden 1988). The epithelial instructive information elicits odontogenic response from aggregates... |
Periprosthetic joint infection (pji) remains one of the most feared complications after orthopaedic surgery 1 . Factors that are associated with an increased risk of post - surgical infection include the presence of an implanted biomaterial 2, while host's related factors, such as diabetes, renal failure, peripheral va... |
Each day, about 16,000 people around the world lose their lives due to a variety of injuries and wounds . Damages and injuries form 12% of the total burden of diseases, and they are considered to be the third most common cause of death . In the age range of 140, they are the most common cause of death (1). Such injurie... |
Histologically, there is an increase in collagen fibers as well as hyaline degeneration within the lamina propria [13]. The pathogenesis of myringosclerosis is complex and cannot be explained by any single factor, but associated factors include otitis media with effusion treated with myringotomy and tympanostomy tubes ... |
To circumvent the negative effect of preexisting immunity to common human serotypes of adenoviruses on the efficacy of adenovirus vaccine carriers, we developed vectors based on chimpanzee - derived adenoviruses c68, c6, and c1 (8). We previously showed that neutralizing antibodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses are rarely... |
Exome or genome sequencing constitutes a promising instrument for finding novel mutations of human disorders (1,2). However, massive sequencing experiments reveal an enormous amount of genomic variations (3), mostly of unknown functional consequences . Moreover, it has been noted that most sequence variants found in pa... |
The advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the early 1990s led to a paradigm change and a shift from open approach towards minimally invasive techniques . Meanwhile, the laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common laparoscopic procedure in general surgery and considered to be the gold standard in the treatment o... |
Autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (adlte; omim 600512), also named autosomal dominant partial epilepsy with auditory features (adpeaf), is a familial focal epilepsy syndrome characterized by ictal auditory auras or aphasia [13]. Seizure onset usually occur in the first two decades of life, secondarily genera... |
Considerable changes have occurred in cardiovascular medicine with the help of echocardiography which is the most cardiovascular diagnostic test after electrocardiography . Echocardiography helps obtain information about cardiac morphology, function, and hemodynamics non - invasively . In less than half a century, echo... |
Depressive disorders are within the most prevalent mental disease worldwide . According to an epidemiological study of affective disorders in the usa, the prevalence of major depressive disorder for a lifetime was 16.2%, while in morocco, a national survey conducted in 2005 showed a prevalence of 26.5% in the general p... |
Its formula is c19h19nosc4h4o4, and its molecular mass: base: 425.5 g mol . It has the structure shown in figure 1 [3, 4]. It is widely accepted as an antiasthmatic / antianaphylactic drug and for example, ketotifen is a relatively selective, noncompetitive antagonist of histamine h1 receptors and is a mast cell stabil... |
The study was carried out in four commercial wheat crops in northern paran state, brazil, during the 2009 season (usually around april / may to august / september). The sites were located in the municipalities of ibipor: san antonio farm (saf, 23 1434 s, 51 2707 w), ibipor bonsucesso farm (bf, 23 1226 s, 51 0351 w), ro... |
Individuals suffering from coronary artery disease (cad) show different types of signs and symptoms and mostly they show no evidence for decades . The symptoms and signs of cad are noted in the advanced state of disease . As the disease progresses before the first onset of symptoms, often a sudden heart attack arises.1... |
Onchocerciasis, a leading cause of blindness, is due to human infection with onchocerca volvulus, a parasitic worm that forms nodules under the skin . The female worms produce microfilariae (mf) that live in the nodules, inflame the skin, and enter the eyes, giving rise to inflammatory lesions . The mf which are picked... |
The thumb carpometacarpal (cmc) joint is one of the most common sites of arthritis in the hand . This new technique is a vascularized pedicled joint transfer from the third cmc joint to the thumb cmc joint . A 71-year - old, left - handed woman presented with an approximately 24-month history of worsening pain, swellin... |
Insulin is a major therapeutic tool for insulin - deficient patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and also for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2d), with both insulin resistance and a relative insulin deficiency . Its effects on glucose metabolism are well known, but insulin also influences lipid and protein ... |
Comminuted tibial plateau fractures were associated with functional disability; however with the advent of various surgical devices there has been marked improvement in functional outcome . The goal in these types of fractures is to restore joint congruity, ensure joint stability, alignment, and achieve full range of m... |
Asthma affects individuals of all ages, but in childhood, asthma is the most common chronic disease after dental caries . It is an important public health problem in the united states and its impact is influenced by both genetics and environment . Some densely populated areas in the united states, such as the district ... |
Childhood years are vital for the development of life skills . Negative experiences at home, at school, or in the community have a damaging effect on the development of these core cognitive and emotional skills . Adverse childhood experiences (ace) refer to some of the most intensive and frequently occurring sources of... |
Nowadays, resin composites are widely used to rebuild dental hard tissues lost by trauma or caries . This class of restorative materials comprises an organic matrix based on methacrylate monomers (bis - gma, bis - ema, tegdma and udma), inorganic filler particles and a silane - coupling agent that improves the chemical... |
In october 2011 the united nations announced that the global human population had reached 7 billion . The world is facing not only this increase in population, but also a decrease in land availability for agriculture and a changing climate . It is apparent that there is a requirement to increase food production to feed... |
Diabetic retinopathy (dr) is the leading cause of visual loss in working - aged people and the most common microvascular complication in diabetic patients, despite the recent improvement in the management of dr via glycemic control and photocoagulation [1, 2]. Pericyte loss is one of the earliest and most characteristi... |
Anabolic - androgenic steroids (aas) are synthetic substances derived from testosterone (fig . 1) that are employed for their trophic effect on muscle tissue, with a net result in increased muscle mass and strength . These effects, in conjunction with the neurostimulatory ones, may explain the large prevalence of aas a... |
Bimanual microincision cataract surgery (b - mics) is a microinvasive variant of the traditional coaxial phacoemulsification,1 and it is characterized by the separation of the aspiration and the infusion probes: this enables clear corneal incisions (ccis) of 1.5 mm, the smallest incisions in cataract surgery.24 the art... |
Over a decade ago, pioneering studies demonstrated that fertilization triggers a global and active loss of dna methylation from the paternal genome, but not its maternal counterpart (mayer et al . This methylation reprogramming occurs at a pivotal developmental time point, when a global transcriptional transition is re... |
Pulmonary aspiration is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with a depressed sensorium, patients with neuromuscular discoordination, or patients having structural disorders of the upper aerodigestive tract . It is a leading cause of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (icu). The most comm... |
Lumbar stability is a important point that enables movement of the limbs while maintaining of the spine upright under postural change and load1 . Muscles that contribute to lumbar stability include the transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, quadratus lumborum, the multifidus of the posterior trunk, ... |
Almost all clinicians at some point in their career will have come across a patient with an aortic aneurysm . However, infectious or mycotic aneurysms only account for a mere 13% of all aortic aneurysms . Their nonspecific presentation of fever, malaise, and leukocytosis, poses a particular challenge to diagnosis and m... |
In its most general sense, gravitational lensing is a collective term for all effects of a gravitational field on the propagation of electromagnetic radiation, with the latter usually described in terms of rays . According to general relativity, the gravitational field is coded in a metric of lorentzian signature on th... |
Participants included in the analyses described herein were the first 1,000 with reported onset of dystonia in the nonlaryngeal, nonpharyngeal neck muscles . These participants were enrolled between january 5, 2011, and september 21, 2014 . Data collection for the dc included the following: blood for the extraction of ... |
An increasing number of medical specialties such as dermatology, oncology, radiology, surgery, cardiology, and psychiatry use telemedicine routinely.in a country like greece, which consists of several small islands dispersed around a mountainous mainland with many remote parts, telemedicine is not only beneficial but r... |
According to world health organization (who) reports, smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the world, accounting for about 5 million deaths per year . Iranian ministry of health (imh) estimated that about 750,000 of iranians died from smoking complications in 2006 and reported that 15% of men in iran, a... |
Periodontitis, one of the most common diseases in humans and is an infectious disease that can result in inflammatory destruction of the periodontium (alveolar bone, cementum, periodontal ligament, and gingiva). Periodontal disease has been recognized as a risk or contributing factor for systemic diseases including ath... |
Today, diagnostic and interventional wrist arthroscopy is improving because of advancements in small - joint endoscopic technology and increased understanding of wrist kinematics (1, 2). Increased indications for wrist arthroscopy procedures are fully indebted to creating portals; however, creating working portals can ... |
There are three conditions of intersex associated with persistence of derivatives of mullerian duct: persistent mullerian duct syndrome (pmds), mixed gonadal dysgenesis, and dysenteric male pseudo - hermaphroditism . Pmds is typically characterized by undescended testes with presence of small underdeveloped uterus in g... |
The aim of orthodontic and surgical treatment of patients who have craniofacial anomalies is to achieve not only an ideal occlusion, but also, more significantly, a harmonious facial appearance.1 one important aspect of this appearance is facial asymmetry, which is determined by both hard and soft tissue . Although the... |
Surgical valvotomy was the traditional method of treatment of congenital pulmonary valve stenosis (pvs) until 1982 . The technique of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was introduced initially by kan et al in 1982 . Since then, many other workers have reported successful application of this technique to treat patients wi... |
Adeno - associated virus (aav) vectors are among the most efficient tools for in vivo gene transfer . Successful correction of hemophilia b has been demonstrated in small and large animal models of the disease using aav vectors to express coagulation factor ix (f.ix) in the host liver . These findings were clinically t... |
Overweight and obesity are the result of excessive fat accumulation which leads to impaired health . Nearly two billion adults worldwide are overweight, and of these, more than half a billion are obese . The global prevalence of overweight in the year 2014 was around 39% among adults aged 18 years or older, being 39% f... |
Many studies have investigated the association between patients with end - stage renal disease (esrd) or those on hemodialysis (hd) and depression.17 a review of the literature shows that 25%50% of hd patients exhibit depressive symptoms.1,2,8 although some single - center studies reported that rates of hd patients wit... |
Degenerative changes in the cervical spine are an inevitable response to the aging process . Impairment of cervical nerve roots may result from instability, disc degeneration, herniation or spinal stenosis (1). In recent years, spinal stenosis has been understood better with respect to its clinical signs and symptoms, ... |
Support for this work was provided by the social and ethical aspects of research on curing hiv working group (niaid r01a108366 - 01). The working group's composition and rationale is explained at http://searchiv.web.unc.edu/. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the... |
Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive odontogenic tumor formed from the epithelial remnants of tooth forming apparatus.1 it is the most common, clinically significant, and potentially lethal of the odontogenic tumours.1 surgery is universally accepted as the best treatment option.2 the various surgical techn... |
It is one of the most widely used traditional chinese medicines and is officially listed in the chinese pharmacopoeia . Its roots have been used for anti - inflammation and anticancer, treating bacterial and viral infections of the respiratory and the gastrointestinal tract, cleaning away heat, moistening aridity, purg... |
Patients with symptoms of meningitis admitted to 3 referral teaching university hospitals in ethiopia (hawassa referral hospital [southern nations, nationalities and peoples region], tikur anbessa referral hospital [addis ababa], and gondar university hospital [amhara region]) (figure 1) during february 2012june 2013 r... |
Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). Vegf plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis and is overexpressed in a wide range of malignant tumors . Inhibition of vegf reduces growth of new tumors supplied by vessels, and leads to normaliza... |
Apremilast is an oral phosphodiesterase iv (pde4) inhibitor recently registered for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis . Apremilast is frequently used in private practice, as it showed no relevant safety signals in clinical trials and currently, no laboratory tests are recommended during treatment . Her... |
Double - stranded rnas, such as a small interfering rnas (sirnas), induce degradation of sequence - specific homologous mrna via rna interference (rnai), a mechanism of post - translational gene silencing . In order for an sirna to be effective upon entering the cell, the sirna must become phosphorylated on the 5'-end ... |
The combination of energy - dense diets and sedentary lifestyles has accelerated the incidence of obesity and its comorbidities including dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease . Adipose tissue release cytokines such as il-6 and il-1 in obesity that targets several tissues such as the heart, the pa... |
Auditory neuropathy (an) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the absence of, or the grossly abnormal, auditory brain stem response (abr) in the presence of normal outer hair cell function as revealed by otoacoustic emission (oae) and/or cochlear microphonic (cm). Most ans show bilateral presentation accompanied by ... |
Bariatric procedures performed in the united states have increased from 16,200 in 1992 to approximately 205,000 in 2007 . Recent studies confirm the resolution of diabetes and the gains in longevity that patients enjoy after bariatric surgery . The dominant weight loss procedure performed on an outpatient basis is the ... |
Tubal sterilization done via laparoscopy is the most common contraceptive method utilized in females in the u.s . Today when measured in woman reproductive years . Local anesthesia was utilized widely shortly after the procedure was introduced in the u.s . In the late 1960s . Currently, the procedure is not commonly pe... |
Health sector reform (hsr) emphasizes substantially to improve the health status of populations by promoting and enhancing accessibility, quality, and efficiency of the delivery of health care services . Hsr measures in europe and usa have been introduced principally to manage health care costs, while reform of the hea... |
Solitary or multiple lipomas can occur almost anywhere in the trunk, extremities, mediastinum, pelvis, and retroperitoneum, but they rarely originate in the intestinal mesentery (1 - 4). A search of the english literature has revealed less than 30 documented cases . In the literature review, mesenteric lipomas do not c... |
It is currently possible to make a diagnosis with almost 100% accuracy for testicular torsion (tt) on physical examination with the help of using colour doppler ultrasonography (cdu) [15]. Manual detorsion (md) in a tt case is a way of simple and non - invasive management to save the testicles . Testicular fixation is ... |
Hepatocellular carcinoma [16] is a major cause of cancer and cancer - related deaths worldwide . The vast majority of cases are a consequence of a preexisting chronic viral infection due to either hepatitis b with or without associated hepatitis d or hepatitis c [79]. The number of cases directly related to hepatitis b... |
Thyroidectomy has gained popularity for the treatment of thyroid disease over the past few decades due to markedly improved cosmetic satisfaction . Compared to conventional open thyroidectomy, the bilateral axillo - breast approach (baba) robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy offers superior aesthetic results, as no scar... |
In 2011, an estimated 46 470 new cases of endometrial cancer were diagnosed and 8120 deaths were attributed to endometrial cancer in the united states . Fortunately, approximately 75% of women present with stage the prognosis in early stage disease is dependent primarily on patient and pathologic risk factors . The mai... |
Sample collection included all available isolates from major outbreaks in the drc during 19972012, which were stored at the national institute of biomedical research . V. cholerae o1 strains stored in nutrient agar during 19972012 were cultured on thiosulfate citrate bile salts agar and nutrient agar at the national la... |
It is caused by systemic or localized infections that damage the integrity of microcirculation in multiple organs . In sepsis, severe endothelial dysfunction underlies ischemic injury to the lungs, kidney, heart, brain, and other organs, leading to over 200,000 deaths annually among the estimated 700,000 to 900,000 pat... |
Diabetic liver damage was mainly caused by fatty infiltration of the liver leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld). Nafld is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and covers a disease spectrum ranging from simple steatosis with no inflammation to steatosis with varying degrees of inflammation ... |
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