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The deuterium - labeling strategy is widely used in chemistry and biochemistry to probe the reaction mechanism, especially when several mechanistic routes are possible or when the reaction is so sophisticated that no obvious reaction route can be deduced via simple structural analysis . It is also very useful in studyi... |
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial, inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of t - cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells (dcs) in the arterial intima in response to injury caused by classical atherosclerosis risk factors . Adhesion molecules and chemotactic factors mediate migration of cells of the immune... |
In the health system, with abundant problems and restricted resources, the need to optimize the utilization of the available resources is ever present and requires considering both quality and access to deliver health care efficiently (1 - 4). Therefore it is necessary to manage human resources in order to ensure that ... |
All reactions utilizing air- and moisture - sensitive reagents were performed in dried glassware under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen . Dry solvents (thf, toluene and dcm) were obtained from a braun mb - sps-800 . For thin - layer chromatography (tlc) analysis, merck precoated plates (silica gel 60 f254, art 5715, 0.25 ... |
Type 2 diabetes occurs when individuals with an underlying genetic disposition develop resistance to the glucose uptake / metabolism - promoting signals of insulin . Type 1 diabetes, which accounts for 5%10% of all diabetes cases, generally results from autoimmune destruction of insulin - secreting pancreatic islet cel... |
482,300 and 989,600 people are diagnosed with oesophageal and gastric cancer resulting in 406,000 and 738,00 deaths, respectively . The optimal contemporary treatment is controversial and opinion divided . In oesophageal cancer, following the publication of the mrc oeo2 trial, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surge... |
Myofibroblasts are derived from fibroblasts, and exist in various tissues such as normal connective tissues, granulation tissue and reactives inflammatory tissues . A low - grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (lgms) is a rare malignant tumor with myofibroblastic differentiation, and just a few cases have been reported in the... |
The study designated projeto latino - americano de investigao em obstruo pulmonar (platino, latin - american pulmonary obstruction investigation project) is a population - based epidemiological study in which the main objective was to investigate the prevalence of copd in five major cities in latin america . In the cit... |
A 34-year - old woman, 169 cm, 72 kg, with no medical history presented to our hospital at 25 weeks and 3 days of gestation with preterm labor . The blood pressure was 126/74 mmhg and the heart rate (hr) was 91 beats / min . Ultrasound sonography showed the fetus had a breech presentation with a weight of 900 g and a h... |
Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (esfa) is a very rare benign tumour of the acrosyringeal part of the eccrine duct . Since its first description by mascaro, in 1963, only around 50 cases it usually involves distal extremities, presenting as solitary or multiple, coalescing, firm, pink or skin - coloured verrucous nodules of... |
Peripheral arterial disease (pad) represents systematic atherosclerosis of great vessels (1). Pad affects approximately 10 - 20% of patients older than 60 years and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rate debilitating individuals life . Anatomically, about 30% of lesions are located in the iliac arteries a... |
Purple urine bag syndrome (pubs) is a rare syndrome associated with alkaline urine and some urinary tract infections, and is more frequently observed in chronically catheterized and constipated women . The urinary catheter drainage system changes colour from red or blue to violet or purple, sometimes with differently c... |
It is caused by several different viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, spirochetes, etc . Japanese encephalitis (je), herpes simplex, varicella - zoster, epstein barr virus, mumps, measles, enteroviruses, influenza, adeno virus, echo virus, mycoplasma pneumonia are the most frequent pathogens . Bacterial, fungal, paras... |
Lymphedema is a type of edema that occurs due to an abnormal accumulation of fluids and other substances in the tissues resulting from a failure of the lymphatic system associated with insufficiency of extralymphatic proteolysis of proteins in the cell interstice and mobilization of macromolecules, for example hyaluron... |
Endoscopic vacuum - assisted closure (vac) therapy is one such technique that offers a success rate of 84100% [14] in treating upper gi perforations of various aetiologies including iatrogenic injury, foreign body perforation, boerhaave syndrome and anastomotic leak . It uses the same principles as those for vacuum dre... |
Management of clinical n0 (cn0) nodes in patients with penile cancer has been an area of controversy for many years . Evaluation of palpable inguinal nodes using fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac) has showed a false negativity rate of 15% with or without use of ultrasonographic guidance . Imaging modalities like co... |
A drug is administered with the intention to obtain a dose - related therapeutic effect, preferably without side effects . Clinical pharmacology aims to predict these effects based on compound, population, and patient - specific pharmacokinetics (pk, concentration time) and pharmacodynamics (pd, concentration effect). ... |
The replication of the retrovirus hiv is no simple task . After binding to specific receptors on the cell surface, fusion between the virion and the host membrane releases the viral core into the cytoplasm . The viral rna genome is then reverse transcribed into dna by the viral reverse transcriptase and the proviral dn... |
Lew.1wr1 (rt1ab / dc, art2a) rats were obtained from biomedical research models (worcester, ma). Wf.art2 rats (rt1u / u, art2a) were developed by us and obtained from the colony at the university of massachusetts medical school; they differ from ordinary wf animals in that they express the bb origin a rather than the b... |
Traditional approaches to the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) have focused on improving insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity with the aim of lowering blood glucose levels to meet glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c) targets while avoiding hypoglycemia [1, 2]. However, evidence suggests that only around ha... |
Metabolic syndrome (mets), which is defined by multiple risk factors, including central obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and high fasting blood glucose; and persons with mets have an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular disease (cvd), which is correlated with allcause mortality . Because the morbidity ... |
Collapsing glomerulopathy is a morphologic variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (fsgs) which typically presents with nephrotic syndrome and renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy in 50% of the patients within 1 year . Cases occurring after renal transplantation and rare cases associated with autoimm... |
Staphylococcus aureus among the food - borne pathogens is recognized worldwide as the important bacteria due to a combination of toxin mediated virulence, invasiveness and antibiotics resistance (chambers, 2001). The primary reservoir is on the skin and mucous membranes of animals (jaglic et al ., 2010; van duijkeren e... |
Although it has been estimated to affect 5% of general population, its prevalence may be as high as 30% in infertile women . Endometrioma usually presents as a pelvic mass arising from the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue within the ovary . The similarity of the presence of ectopic endometrium in female fetus in th... |
Pelvic organ prolapse and the symptoms associated with the condition are increasingly recognized as the major health problem . Pelvic organ prolapse is seen in about 50% of multiparous women especially after vaginal deliveries and menopause . The urinary and lower gastrointestinal symptoms plus the hampered sexual func... |
Corneal cross - linking is an established procedure aimed at slowing down or halting keratoconus progression . The efficacy of the conventional riboflavin / uv - a irradiation procedure was primarily demonstrated by laboratory studies suggesting that it increases the biomechanical strength of the treated cornea . In ad... |
Breast and salivary glands are two common organs for routine fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac). Both have the same basic histological architecture and secretory functions . These similarities in the two organs and difficulty in diagnosing different lesions on aspirates has prompted us to undertake this study . We ... |
Severe spinal cord injury (sci), which leads to complete loss of sensory and motor functions, is one of the most serious neurological problems.6,9,12) although it has been believed that the damaged central nervous system (cns) cannot regenerate after injury, there is an emerging hope for regeneration - based therapies ... |
Preeclampsia (pe) is a major complication in pregnancy, and defined as new onset of maternal hypertension and proteinuria in the second half of pregnancy . It leads to a multisystemic syndrome characterized by vasoconstriction, metabolic changes, endothelial dysfunction, increased inflammatory response, and reduced org... |
Trace elements are involved as essential parts of many physiological activities such as energy production, enzyme activity, hormone production, collagen formation, vitamin and tissue synthesis, oxygen transport, and other physiological processes related to health growth and reproduction and their deficiency leads to wi... |
Visualized by late gadolinium enhancement (lge) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cmr) indicates irreversible damage to the myocardium, and this insult to myocardial structure may increase the risk of subsequent hospitalization for heart failure (hhf). Hhf is a sentinel event that indicates disease progression from ou... |
Voltage response, defined by a larger current amplitude at one voltage polarity relative to a reduced current amplitude for the same voltage bias at the opposite polarity, and occurs in conical shaped pores due to the voltage dependent solution conductivity within the aperture . This asymmetric current response is infl... |
Several years ago, kitching and co - workers isolated two polymethylated docosanes from the cuticular extract of the cane beetle antitrogus parvulus . The compounds were identified as a 4,6,8,10,16,18-hexamethyldocosane and a 4,6,8,10,16-pentamethyldocosane (figure 1), and synthesis established the anti, anti, anti - o... |
Current understanding of the adhesion of dental restorative materials is based on two fundamental theories . One theory is based on chemical adhesion, describing intermolecular forces at the interface and the other theory is based on micromechanical retention; attributing adhesion to the interpenetration of components ... |
Carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is a compartment compressive neuropathy of the median nerve in the wrist . The disease has a prolonged course of pain, paresthesia and functional limitation of the upper extremities in the median nerve distribution . Although cts has been described as one of the most common peripheral neuro... |
Hemorrhage may occur due to chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation in patients with acute leukemia . Leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, sepsis, and coagulopathy increase the risk of bleeding. [13] disseminated intravascular coagulation also occurs in patients with leukemia due to hypofibrinogenemia . Hemorrhage is mo... |
Hypersensitivity reactions associated with antiepileptic drugs (aeds) are seen with aromatic anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid . Phenytoin is widely used for the management of generalized tonic - clonic seizure (gtcs). Phenytoin presents dose - related adverse drug reactions (adrs) due to ... |
Patent ductus arteriosus (pda) is common amongst preterm infants with an incidence of 30% in very low birth weight infants (bwt <1500 g) (1) and 50% in extremely low birth weight ones (bwt <1000 g) (2). Subsequently, prolonged ductal patency in preterm infants was linked to more severe respiratory distress syndrome (rd... |
Whenever the surgical correction of vesicoureteric reflux is indicated, all described surgical procedures follow certain basic principles of antireflux surgery . These principles include adequate mobilization of distal ureter without tension or damage to its delicate blood supply, creation of submucosal tunnel, that is... |
During the mitotic cell division cycle, cells make an exact copy of their chromosomes and physically tether the original and replica chromosomes together to form pairs of sister chromatids (koshland and guacci, 2000; nasmyth, 2002). In mitosis, the two opposing kinetochores (i.e., protein complexes at the centromeres) ... |
Positron emission tomography (pet) with 2-deoxy-2-[f]fluoro - d - glucose ([f]fdg) as a tracer is a well - established method to visualize hypermetabolism in cancer . A number of clinical studies in different types of tumors evaluating changes in uptake and metabolism of [f]fdg with pet within 13 weeks after initiated ... |
The four serotypes of dengue viruses (denv) cause 100 to 500 million infections each year in over 100 countries, resulting in 40 million clinically apparent cases and 20,000 deaths (1). The clinically apparent cases represent a spectrum of illnesses ranging from an acute febrile disease called dengue fever (df) to the ... |
In the 21 century it is unacceptable that a person who is ill runs the additional risk of acquiring an infection while seeking respite from his present ailment.1 hospital - acquired infections (hai) are thus a major patient safety issue as a cause of preventable illness and death . As a result, surveillance or monitori... |
Because the population is aging, the number of disabled people is continually increasing . The number of people in south korea with disabilities has been estimated to be 2,520,000 people . Of these, 1,340,000 (53.1%) were reported to be physically disabled, and 260,000 (10.4%) had a neurological disorder in 2010 . Thus... |
The study is registered at the iranian registry of clinical trials, number irct 201102285931n1 . It it noteworthy to mention that the results of this article is a part of an extended project that was implemented in the social determinants of health research center of the babol university of medical sciences (20102011).... |
Biologists today find themselves in a situation not unlike that of 15th - century explorers . Roughly half a millennium ago, an era of exploration stemmed from a need for better information and more precise maps to facilitate new commerce . The one - to - many communication made possible by the printing press accelerat... |
Mammary gland tumors are among the most common neoplasms in dogs and have been reported worldwide . The majority of mammary neoplasms in female dogs are of epithelial origin, and approximately 50% of them are malignant . These neoplasms have a complex morphology in forming epithelial, mixed, and mesenchymal types . The... |
Resective surgery for medically refractory epilepsy is accepted as an effective management, especially for patients with a discrete lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (mri). However, mri is normal or nonspecific in a proportion of patients with partial epilepsy, even in patients with histopathologically confirmed les... |
Health - related quality of life (hrqol) has become an important target in the medical area, including treatment outcome assessment, health economics evaluation, and assessing the effects of health education (13). Many studies asserted that social isolation presents a risk to individual health (5, 6). Furthermore, poor... |
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, and the world health organization estimates that there are more than 1 billion overweight adults, of which at least 300 million are obese . Societal changes and the worldwide nutrition transition have driven the obesity epidemic over recent decades . Economic growth as... |
Antithrombin (atiii), a member of serine protease inhibitor (serpin) super family of proteins, is the principal inhibitor of many coagulation proteases, especially factor xa and thrombin . It plays a critical role in the prevention of thrombosis by regulating these key enzymes of coagulation cascade . However, its reac... |
Dopamine agonists (das), such as bromocriptine (brc) and cabergoline (cab), are the first - line treatment and effectively suppress prolactin (prl) hypersecretion, reduce tumor size, and restore gonadal function [16]. Da's effect is not only positively correlated with dopamine 2 receptor (d2r) but also related to the e... |
Patients may also present with complications related to malperfusion such as stroke, myocardial infarction and limb ischemia, leading to a misdiagnosis . If such patients are improperly treated with anticoagulation therapy, the mortality rate has been reported to reach as high as 69 - 100% . We here reported a rare cas... |
Mineralocorticoids activate epithelial sodium channels in the distal nephron of the kidney through binding to mineralocorticoid receptors (mr), thereby promoting sodium reabsorption1, 2). Since glucocorticoids may also bind to mr and exert a mineralocorticoid - like action, some protection of mr from their promiscuous ... |
The diseases associated with prematurity frequently require oxygen therapy as a main component of respiratory care . A number of recent studies have indicated that high oxygen saturation levels (above 93 to 95%) are detrimental to premature infants when compared with lower saturation levels (85 to 93%)1 - 6), and there... |
A 80-year - old caucasian man was hospitalized because of fever and pancytopenia (hemoglobin 6.8 g / dl, mean corpuscolar volume 93 fl, reticulocytes 1.8%, platelet 27,000 per cubic millimeter, leukocyte 1910 per cubic millimeter). Serological tests for epistein - barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis b and c virus, a... |
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome alters the clinical manifestations, course, and response to treatment of syphilis . Syphilis is characterized by great chronicity and quiet latency, which influence the obstetric outcome and result in several systemic complications . Mixed infections with syphilis are common and parti... |
Allah said the following as written in quran about bees in surat al - nahl: and your lord inspired the bee, saying: take you habitations in the mountains and in the trees and in that what they erect; then eat of all fruits, and follow the ways of your lord, made easy [for you]. There comes drinks from their bellies, of... |
There is a growing demand for this procedure in patients who require an improvement in their esthetic appearance . Gingival recession occurs when the gingival margin is apical to the cemento - enamel junction (cej) leading to exposed root surface and loss of both marginal tissue and attachment . The most frequent etiol... |
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (mpns) are stem - cell - derived disorders that cause overproduction of one or more of the formed elements of the blood . Mpns include chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml) and the philadelphia - negative mpns: polycythemia vera (pv), essential thrombocythemia (et), primary myelofibrosis (pmf)... |
Hydrogen, a colorless, tasteless, odorless, and highly flammable diatomic gas, was initially recognized as a medical therapeutic substance in 1975 . Subsequently, ohsawa and colleagues identified the astonishing protective effects of hydrogen in a rat model of cerebral infarction in 2007, and demonstrated the importanc... |
Several studies have demonstrated that in a large number of class ii subdivision cases, the maxillary dental midline will be coincidental, or present a minimal deviation to the clinical facial midline while the mandibular dental midline will be displaced towards the class ii side, in faces with subclinical asymmetry2,7... |
Free radicals are generated continuously in the human body as a byproduct of normal metabolism . They are implicated in some diseases such as alzheimer's disease, cancer, and vascular disorders (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension) and accelerate the aging process . Increasing the level in foods of highly active ra... |
The post - traumatic metacarpal hand deformity is a devastating injury which deprives the hand of its primary function, prehension . Metacarpal hand refers to a hand with the complete loss of all fingers, with or without amputation of the thumb . The watershed at which the hand loses its prehensile ability appears to b... |
Fine - needle aspiration (fna) is a useful test for thyroid nodule evaluation and has been widely accepted as the main diagnostic procedure [13]. In the past, no uniform criteria were established for the various diagnostic categories and diagnostic inconsistencies, a reason for difficulty in communicating the clinical ... |
Twentieth - century witnessed rapid changes in many surgical fields, thanks to better anesthesia, antibiotics and innovations in instrumentation and sutures . Reconstructive surgery benefitted from the introduction of microscope as the surgeons discovered that magnification helps in seeing better and also helps in repa... |
Many studies have reported on the epidemiology of sepsis, and from these findings we are constantly informed that sepsis is a disease that deserves attention . In past years, there have been advances in our understanding of sepsis, ranging from studies of epidemiology to pathophysiology to risk prediction and outcome .... |
Prostate cancer remains the most common non - cutaneous malignancy diagnosed in the united states, with an estimated 220 800 new diagnoses and 27 540 deaths expected in 2015 . Over 80% of these men will present with localized, curative disease, for which the 5-year relative survival rate approaches 100% . Men with a hi... |
128 healthy volunteers who were selected from blood transfusion organization were enrolled in this study . In addition, ethics committee's approval and participants consent were obtained . They were selected according to world health organization protocol for blood donation including all laboratory and clinical tests w... |
Smoking is implicated in the rise of hnscc in developing countries, while the role of hpv is emerging as an important factor in the rise of oropharyngeal tumors affecting non - smokers in developed countries . Despite surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, approximately half of all patients will die of the disease . Ris... |
They are usually slow - growing, soft, and asymptomatic masses . Around 13% of all lipomas occur in the head and neck region, including cheek, tongue, palate, parotid gland, neck, and larynx . Lipomas are subclassified into different histological subtypes based on the appearance of the associated stroma . Angiolipoma, ... |
The number of proteins stored in public databases is rapidly growing and the sequences of amino acids are, at the moment, the most important source of evolutionary and functional information for new proteins . Therefore, the calculations of similarities and features based on protein sequences are by far the most freque... |
Sturgeweber syndrome (sws) also called encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, belongs to a group of disorders collectively known as phakomatosis (mother spot it is a neurocutaneous syndrome which includes heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormalities of both the integuments and the central nervous system 1... |
Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor in men . Nine percent of patients with prostate cancer have metastases at the time of diagnosis, and up to 54% of the curatively treated patients develop a relapse [2, 11]. Adt bps is the first choice treatment for patients with metastases or relapse after a presumed c... |
Umasankar kalai: a 35-year - old lady was seen in the outpatient clinic of this hospital owing to fever, cough with mucopurulent expectoration, and breathlessness for the duration of 1 month . The patient had been well approximately 2 years before this presentation . In the past 2 years, she had four episodes of fever ... |
Hepatitis a, a picornavirus, mainly infects the primates (1), and is mostly a fecal - oral transmitted disease (2, 3), with reported cases of transmission by idu, sex with contaminated person, and blood transfusion (4). While hepatitis a is an endemic disease of developing countries, it has a different prevalence patte... |
The use of osseointegrated craniofacial implants for retention of extraoral prostheses, such as ears, offers excellent support and retentive abilities, and improves patient's appearance and quality of life . The use of implants can eliminate or minimize the need for adhesive and allows for proper orientation and seatin... |
Myeloid sarcoma (ms) (initially known as granulocytic sarcoma, and then chloroma) is a rare localized tumor composed of immature granulocytic precursor cells . This extramedullary tumor can affect any organ and can present before, in concurrence with, or after the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (aml) or other myel... |
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide, accounting for 23% (1.38 million) of the total new cancer cases and 14% (458,400) of the total cancer deaths in 2008 . About half of the breast cancer cases and 60% of the deaths are estimated to occur in eco... |
In addition to obtaining physical maturation with enhanced strength, speed, and fitness, puberty is also accompanied with emotional and cognitive changes . Timing of puberty may be important in expecting longitudinal health risks like obesity and cancers in adulthood . Longer exposure to steroidal hormones might increa... |
Fabry disease is a rare x - linked metabolic disorder caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal hydrolase, alpha - galactidosidase a (agl), resulting in intracellular accumulation of globotriasylceramide in numerous cells (vascular endothelium, cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle and renal cells). Light microscopic... |
During optic nerve development, 2.85 million nerve fibers exist, but by the third trimester, we lose about 35%, and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness will continue to decrease with advancing age . Understanding the determinants that affect the rnfl reserve in childhood helps us in the diagnos... |
Asalternative splicingdscam2down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 2l1lamina neuron 1l2lamina neuron 2r cellsphotoreceptor cells down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 2 in 1978, walter gilbert postulated that, through rna splicing, multiple proteins of related or diverging functions could potentially arise from only a sin... |
The average longevity of the population has increased primarily in developed countries . This has led to an increasing number of elderly patients with serious urological diseases who undergo surgery . Geriatric surgery is associated with a higher risk of complications . According to published data, the most common comp... |
Rates of obesity and related medical conditions (e.g., diabetes) are high in the latino population, particularly among latinas . Sedentary behaviors (i.e., television viewing) are often an integral part of family life in this community . For example, in past studies, latina focus group participants reported frequently ... |
Undernutrition is associated with 2.2 million child deaths and 21% of disability - adjusted life years lost and more than 178 million children are stunted in developing countries . Therefore, promoting and maintaining nutritional well - being cannot be underestimated as we forge ahead with the sustainable development g... |
One approach to understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in animal development is to analyse morphological changes in cell positions, movements and divisions when gene expression is perturbed . Because many genes are essential for animal development, a genome - wide gene perturbation analysis of morphological dy... |
Arteria vertebralis, branch of subclaviae passes through the openings on lateral extensions of cervical vertebrae and enter the sulcus of arteriae vertebralis at the back arch of the atlas (1, 2). It enters the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum occipitale, merges at a sharp angle with the opposite one, usually ... |
Mild traumatic brain injury (mtbi, concussion) is an important global public health problem in the pediatric population and accounts for 8090% of all treated traumatic brain injury (tbi) cases (cassidy et al ., 2004). Large numbers of children and adolescents participate in a variety of sports (1.6 to 3.6 million / yea... |
Extracellular multi - electrode recordings were obtained from ganglion cells of isolated retinas obtained from macaque monkeys euthanized in other laboratories 10 . Reverse correlation of spike times with white noise checkerboard stimuli focused on the retina were used to obtain rf maps for all cells (fig . Parasol cel... |
Study 1 involved 275 outpatients in kurume university hospital (189 males and 86 females) with a mean age of 61.2 8.8 years . The numbers of patients who received aspirin, statins, antihypertension drugs, and oha were 27, 32, 98, and 17, respectively . We excluded patients with chronic inflammatory disease, recent acti... |
The epithelial - mesenchymal transition (emt) and the reverse process, the mesenchymal - epithelial transition (met), are key pathways with roles regulating cellular processes such as embryogenesis, gastrulation, neural crest cell migration and tissue regeneration . During the process of emt, differentiated epithelial ... |
Since the introduction of laparoscopic hernia repair (lhr) by schultz in 1990, surgeons have compared this new technique against the traditional repairs of mcvay, bassini, shouldice and lichtenstein . Published series have shown that lhr offers less pain and quicker recovery . Despite these studies, the acceptance of t... |
Ethanol was evaporated by flask rotation to deposit the film on the wall of the round bottom flask . The film was hydrated at 45c using saline phosphate buffer, ph 6.4 with mild agitation . Eight batches were prepared as per the plackett - burman design [table 1]. Composition of transferosomes of different batches and ... |
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (aot) rightfully called the master of disguise was first documented in literature by steenslandas epitheliomaadamantinum . Over the years a variety of terminologies have been used to designate this extremely fascinating entity . Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor with its simple abbreviation ao... |
The mechanisms underlying tinnitus are still not fully understood and, although this symptom is often associated with hearing loss, many individuals may experience it in the presence of normal hearing [25]. Tinnitus may result from a pathological state of the auditory system, which triggers a series of events increasin... |
Many authors have demonstrated that by retaining the gingival fiber apparatus and its cemental insertion on the root surface, the collagen fibers from the healing margin of the flap will unite or fuse with the retained gingival fiber unit; thus giving rise to minimal post - surgical recession. [15] periodontitis is the... |
In japan, after completing a 6-year medical undergraduate education, students enroll in 2-year postgraduate residency training programs.1 resident physicians are required to undertake supervised training in general medicine, including internal medicine, emergency medicine, and primary care . The ministry of health, wel... |
Neurofibromatosis-1 (nf-1), previously referred to as von recklinghausen's disease, is an autosomal dominant disorder with a birth incidence of 1 in 3,500 . Although it manifests with variable signs and symptoms, it mainly affects the skin and peripheral nervous system . Unusual tumors, including carcinoid, pheochromoc... |
Injection drug use is a major risk factor for blood - borne pathogens, accounting for one fifth of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the majority of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections in the usa.1 syringe exchange programs (seps) and pharmacies are acknowledged in the fields of medicine and public health as the tw... |
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