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Calciphylaxis has been focused on as a rare cutaneous manifestation associated with painful skin ulceration and necrosis (1). Medial calcification and intimal hyperplasia in small and medium arteries are the major pathological characteristics of this disease, however, numerous other histopathological features have also... |
Clouds tend to dominate radiative fluxes and greatly influence regional and global climate [cess et al ., 1989]. Cloud depths and droplet number concentrations (n c) determine the efficiency of radiation reflection . Cloud condensation nuclei (ccn) concentrations (n ccn) [e.g., hudson and noble, 2009, 2014a, hereinafte... |
Since their introduction in 1982, chiral ni(ii) complexes - based synthons of -amino acids gained noticeable popularity as a very simple, robust and cheap tool for the preparation of enantiomerically pure non - coded amino acids and diagnostics of brain tumours and malfunction of dopaminergic neurons by positron emissi... |
Breastfeeding is one of the most important ways to improve the children health and a basic strategy in providing the child growth and survival . For years, the positive effects of breastfeeding on child development and growth as well as maternal health have been well documented [1, 2]. The global recommendation of worl... |
The world health organization and the united nations joint programme on hiv / aids (unaids) estimated that in 2008, 2.7 million people became newly infected with hiv, of whom 1.9 million were living in sub - saharan africa . Since the beginning of this century, considerable progress has been made in the scaling up of a... |
For example, while reading this article you might shift your attention to a knock on your office door or glance at your clock in anticipation of an important appointment . In fact, behavioral switches are an adaptive feature across a broad range of animal species and can maximize an organism's viability and differentia... |
Multiple sclerosis (ms), a chronic progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, is the most common cause of acquired disability in young adults . Several previous studies, but not all, have shown reduced bone mineral density (bmd) in patients with ms, indicating that patients with ms have a higher r... |
The aga khan university hospital laboratory receives specimens from> 180 collection units located in major cities and towns in pakistan . Specimens for tb cultures are requested by physicians as required and received through passive specimen collection . Past treatment history is usually not available and thus could no... |
Patient confidence and enthusiasm over the safety and documented efficacy of minimally invasive aesthetic procedures has spawned into seeking new indications and anatomical concerns to conquer . The aesthetics of the female genitalia have become an area of particular concern among women over the past decade, reinforced... |
The cases showing more than 50% of micropapillary patterns in the histologic section were selected as mpuc cases . Hguc cases were randomly selected from the conventional hguc cases without any other differentiation such as squamous, glandular, or sarcomatoid differentiation in the histologic section . We analyzed papa... |
In the treatment of lung cancer, several chemotherapeutic agents are widely used but they are not always effective . To improve the quality of life and increase in median survival of patients, the occurrence of multidrug resistance (mdr) is a major cause of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in patients with lung ca... |
Unerupted maxillary and mandibular canine and premolars can be assessed with the mesiodistal width of the erupted permanent mandibular incisors . Prediction of the unerupted teeth size in mixed dentition stage is a key factor for establishing treatment plans and management of developing malocclusion . Mdsa also helps i... |
Pulse oximetry is an inexpensive, noninvasive method for measuring oxygen saturation (spo2). Pulse oximetry has a wide range of use both in primary pulmonary care and critical care medicine . Perfusion mismatch in the lungs, hypoventilation, right - to - left shunts, reduced diffusion capacity, and reduced oxygen parti... |
Aortic dissection is a relatively uncommon, though catastrophic illness which requires early and accurate diagnosis and treatment for patient survival . The incidence of acute aortic dissection in the general population is estimated to range from 2.6 to 3.5 per 100,000 person - years.1) twenty percent of patients with ... |
Reactive oxygen species (ros) are generated as part of normal cell metabolism and serve both normal physiological and pathophysiological functions [1, 2]. The many types of ros include superoxide radicals (o2), hydroxyl radicals (oh), hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), nitric oxide (no), and peroxynitrite [2, 3]. The major sour... |
The endoscopic ultrasound - guided fine - needle aspiration (eus - fna) has emerged as a minimally invasive and safe method for material procurement in the differential diagnosis of subepithelial lesions (sel) of upper gastrointestinal tract (ugt), especially in suspicious lesions of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gi... |
Early recognition of trauma - hemorrhagic shock (ths) followed by timely and appropriate intervention can save many lives . Much evidence has been accumulated for a sexual dimorphism in host defense after trauma, hemorrhage, and sepsis in experimental animals . Human studies have shown that males have increased risk of... |
Baylisascaris is a genus within the family ascarididae, comprising mostly heteroxenous nematodes with carnivorous definitive hosts . Baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, is by far the most well - known and extensively studied member of the genus, primarily because of its association with severe neurologic di... |
Job satisfaction (js) is conceptualized as a general attitude toward one's job and one's contentment with it.1 as a primary denominator of well - being, self - image and productivity, js is a central concern not only to employees, but also to employers and human resource agencies . Its association with such work - rela... |
Heme metabolism is catalyzed by heme oxygenases (ho), which convert heme to carbon monoxide (co), biliverdin, and free iron . Two isoforms of ho are expressed in the kidney, ho-1 and ho-2 [2, 3]. The kidney has relatively low basal level of ho activity [2, 4] that is mainly derived from the constitutive ho-2 [57]. Rena... |
More than twenty years after its introduction, intravascularultrasound (ivus) is still alive and has outlived many other intracoronary techniques that have disappeared from the clinical arena . Eye - opener that has helped to solve many interventional problems and assisted us in understanding the dynamics of atheroscle... |
Rapid growth in the area of medical genetics is providing a wealth of new options for dealing with genetic disease . These technologic advances often pose unique and significant ethical dilemmas which must be resolved by providers of genetic services and individuals who receive those services, as well as society in gen... |
Heterobiaryl scaffolds are common motifs in pharmaceuticals, natural products, and organic electronic components . Methods for their efficient synthesis are of significant interest . In recent years, direct c h arylation of heteroarenes has emerged as an efficient approach to the synthesis of these heterobiaryls . Majo... |
Data reported in this paper were presented at a national meeting, towards the elimination of hepatitis b: celebrating 20 years of vaccination in italy, held in milano (19 november 2011) under the high patronage of the president of the italian republic . Distinguished figures from the world of italian public health as w... |
Visual impairment in infancy results in a variety of developmental disorders in children.1 the etiology, degree of impairment, age of onset of the vision loss and other factors define the severity of the defects in the general development of the child.2 according to the 10 revision of the international statistical clas... |
Although experience of anticoagulation treatment after mechanical prosthetic valve replacement has accumulated, the proper level of anticoagulation remains controversial . Over - dosage of coumadin, which is an oral anticoagulant, can result in bleeding and under - dosage can bring on the complication of a thromboembol... |
Rampant caries is a suddenly appearing, rapidly burrowing type of caries resulting in early pulp involvement, in which more than 10 new lesions appear every year on healthy teeth surfaces which are generally immune to caries . Rampant caries is of the following three types nursing bottle rampant caries, adolescent ramp... |
Once a primary tumour spreads to distant sites in the body and establishes a secondary tumour, the consequences are devastating, and mostly lethal . Bone is a typical site for cancers to spread to (most commonly breast, prostate, lung, kidney, thyroid and colon cancer) however why cancer cells preferentially home to bo... |
Ospemifene, z-2-[4-(4-chloro-1,2-diphenyl - but-1-enyl)phenoxy]ethanol, is a novel nonsteroidal, nonhormonal selective estrogen receptor modulator (serm). It is hypothesized that the primary mechanism of action of ospemifene is mediated through estrogen receptors.1 the rationale for developing ospemifene as a therapeut... |
The immune system protects humans from attack by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, parasites, and organisms such as helminths . The skin is the first barrier and its protective action is enhanced by bodily secretions, such as sweat and sebum, which exert a broad antimicrobial activity [1, 2]. T... |
It is a global consensus that hearing loss of early childhood onset negatively impacts the child's development.1 2 early diagnosis of hearing loss allows phonoaudiologists to take educational and clinical measures to minimize the effects of such loss.1 3 a speech - language therapy referral geared to the specific needs... |
Despite excellent long - term results of total knee arthroplasties (tka) [27, 37], premature failure still occurs and early loosening due to prosthesis mal - alignment remains a major factor . Almost one - third of all early revisions are potentially avoidable with more accurate component positioning and ligament balan... |
The genetic revolution for some individuals has yet to begin whereas for others it came and was a disappointment . Although such a statement may be a clich, it does not reflect the recent genetic efforts of the scientific community . The quest to elucidate the genetic factors predisposing to common diseases the revolut... |
Subpontic osseous hyperplasia (soh) is the slow - growing, benign proliferation of the alveolar bone beneath the pontic region of a fixed partial denture (fpd). This term is used owing to the microscopic, radiographic, and clinical features of the lesion . The terms subpontic osseous proliferation, plateauzation, subpo... |
Occasionally, however, it can be due to serious underlying pathology and in the very young may be a marker for potential child abuse . Our aim was to determine if hospital clinicians expected to manage such patients are aware of the important differential diagnosis by asking them to complete a likert scale questionnair... |
A 49-year - old female was transferred to emergency department of dankook university hospital due to severe dyspnea . On initial physical examination, hypotension (84/57 mmhg), tachycardia (130 beats / min), and tachypnea (32 breaths / min) were observed . The patient had a history of severe alcoholism and was a heavy ... |
Prune belly syndrome (pbs) is a rare congenital disorder affecting about 1 in 30,000 births of which about 96% of those affected are male . It is characterized by deficient development of abdominal muscles that causes the skin of the abdomen to wrinkle like a prune, bilateral cryptorchidism, abnormalities of the urinar... |
Primary sarcoma of the kidney is a rare neoplasm that occurs at 13% the rate of whole malignant renal cancer . Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue tumor that develops predominantly in the extremities near the para - articular, joint capsule, bursa, and tendon sheath in adolescents and young adults . The occurrence of the... |
Contrary to the previous belief that in adult drosophila (fruit fly) rna interference (rnai) cannot occur by exogenous administration of double - stranded rna (dsrna), it was conclusively demonstrated that this type of systemic rnai is operative in adult flies . This mechanism explains the efficacy of dsrna injections ... |
Chronic constipation is a common disease in the western world, especially among the elderly population.1 this condition can usually be treated conservatively with lifestyle changes and laxatives.2 nonetheless, occasionally patients with no previous history of gastrointestinal disease develop severe chronic constipation... |
Actions performed by individuals in their daily lives, such as sleeping, walking, exercising, and watching television, are described as physical behavior . Monitoring of such behavior has helped researchers to broaden their perspective about prevention and rehabilitation of patients with various diseases and disorders1... |
Lyme disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi is the most common tickborne illness in the world today.1,2 while analysis of large data subsets (big data) has enhanced biomedical research over the past decade,3 the use of big data to analyze the incidence and severity of lyme disease has been a challenging ... |
There is a substantial body of literature highlighting the potential benefits of genomic medicine and a general acceptance that clinical decision support (cds) tools will play a significant role in its application . Pharmacogenomics (pgx) is one area where decision support tools may be particularly effective, due to th... |
Cervical lesions are very often caused by incorrect toothbrushing and dental caries, and usually have little or no enamel at the cervical margin . Flowable composite resins are widely used in clinical practice and are the most common resin materials that recommend for restoring these lesions instead of conventional res... |
The flutracking surveillance system was in operation for 24 weeks in 2011 from the week ending may 8 to the week ending october 16, and 24 weeks in 2012 from the week ending may 6 to the week ending october 14 . Recruitment methods in 2011 and 2012 were similar to those used in 20072010 (4). The weekly survey questions... |
The aryl / alkenyl malonate decarboxylase (amdase) catalyses the decarboxylation of -aryl and -alkenyl malonic acids 1 to produce enantioenriched carboxylic acids 2 (figure 1a). [17] amdase belongs to the asp / glu racemase superfamily of enzymes that are widespread across bacteria and include glutamate,[811] aspartate... |
The first step in development of the model was validation of peer - reviewed literature . Scientific knowledge of the monoamines (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine) has grown significantly since 1990 . Along with this growth in knowledge, in contrast to earlier writings it is now known that monoamine... |
Some researchers have examined the relationship between back pain and changes in the angle of the lumbar spine1, 2 . Increased lordosis has been advocated as the major cause of postural pain, radiculopathy, and facet pain2, 3 . The possible negative consequences of excessive lordosis include increased compression of th... |
When a tooth is prepared to receive a full crown, the accuracy of the respective stone model is dependent on the properties of the impression material and on the impression techniques . Different scientific investigations have evaluated the impression material aspects, such as the setting characteristics20, hydrophilic... |
Diabetes mellitus is a serious, complex metabolic disease that affects approximately 4% of the population worldwide . Although coronary atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients, diabetic cardiomyopathy increases the risk of heart failure independently of coexisting coronary art... |
The incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (oasis) in the uk is 6.1%1 and has tripled between 2000 and 2012.2 more importantly, oasis are the most common risk factor for anal incontinence in women, which may affect up to 25% of women in the year following delivery.3 it has been shown that 30% of women are sympt... |
Retinal angiomatous proliferation (rap) is a disease associated with age - related macular degeneration (amd) and is a major cause of blindness in the elderly . The mechanism that causes the development of neovascular lesions in eyes with wet - type amd has been extensively investigated . There are many factors associa... |
Catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don (formerly vinca rosea l., apocynaceae) is commonly known as the madagascar periwinkle . It is a perennial ever green herb, 30 - 100 cm tall originally native to the island of madagascar but now widely dispersed in the tropics (1). The significance of this plant is its ability to synthesi... |
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-) plays important and contradictory roles in the pathogenesis of many infectious diseases, including tuberculosis (tb) [1, 2]. Tnf- synergizes with other cytokines in contributing to a protective immune response in the host in tb by promoting the formation and maintenance of granulomato... |
In general, epigenetics refers to the regulation of dna sequences that does not involve alteration of their actual base composition . Transcription and numerous other genomic functions are epigenetically controlled via heritable, but potentially reversible, changes in modification of dna and histones (acetylation, meth... |
Pseudoexfoliation (pex) syndrome and pex glaucoma are age - related disorders characterized with the production and progressive deposition of extracellular fibrillary material in various ocular tissues . Pex glaucoma develops as a result of blockage in the trabecular meshwork formed by the pseudoexfoliative material an... |
Ameloblastoma is a slow growing, locally invasive, epithelial odontogenic tumor of the jaws with a high rate of recurrence if not removed adequately, but with virtually no tendency to metastasize . Among the intraosseous ameloblastomas, 522% are the clinicopathological subtype known as unicystic ameloblastoma . The ter... |
Reagents . Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium (dmem), opti - mem, fetal bovine serum (fbs), g418, gentamicin, and hygromycin b were purchased from life technologies . Bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) and propidium iodide, and anti - a - tubulin monoclonal antibody were purchased from sigma and prepared in phosphate - buffered ... |
Considerable improvements have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (ddh). Claudication has been solved by plaster or osteotomy treatment in childhood; however, there are still many ddh patients who have been missed or ignored . These patients do not visit their physicians unti... |
Hypoglycemia is a major barrier to care for physicians and their patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm). Physicians and patients have attempted to minimize hypoglycemic episodes while managing blood glucose; however, for some patients the consequences of hypoglycemia extend beyond the classic signs and symptoms... |
It was first described by bhutani et al . It may be diffuse, reticular, blotchy, or linear . The face, neck, upper part of back, trunk, and extremities are common sites of involvement, whereas flexural areas are infrequently involved . A 40-year - old male presented at our outpatient department with complaints of hyper... |
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) is an x - linked recessive disorder (one of the dystrophinopathies) that is due to mutations in the dystrophin gene, encoding the dystrophin protein . This mutation leads to a deficiency of dystrophin, a protein that stabilizes the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton . Cell membr... |
Inflammation is a crucial protective response conserved in all multicellular organisms (medzhitov, 2010). It entails activation of many cell types through several signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa b (nf-b) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (stat3), resulting in release of cytokines ... |
Obesity is one of the most challenging health problems worldwide which leads to the development of many different medical conditions, like cardiovascular disease (cvd) and the metabolic syndrome, on the one hand, and gastrointestinal disorders including colorectal cancer, on the other hand . A well - established risk f... |
Leber s congenital amaurosis (lca) is a genetic disease causing retinal degeneration with severe vision loss at an early age that affects 1 in 80,000 subjects.1, 2, 3 one molecular form of this disease, lca type 2 (lca2), is caused by mutations in the rpe65 gene that encodes the rpe65 protein (retinal pigment epitheliu... |
In order to improve healthcare quality for patients with several chronic conditions, the patient protection and affordable care act of 2010 instituted penalties for hospital reimbursement if a patient admitted for myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, or pneumonia was readmitted to the institution within 30 ... |
Secondary hyperparathyroidism develops universally in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd), especially those on long - term dialysis therapy . It is characterised by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (pth) and parathyroid hyperplasia, resulting in bone disorder, soft tissue calcification and significantl... |
Improved immune vigor attributable to exercise or reduced stress, may prevent or reduce the burden of acute respiratory infection (ari) illness . Acute respiratory infection illness includes both the common cold and influenza and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the united states and elsewhere ., it affec... |
Recently, one - dimensional nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes, inorganic semiconductor nanowires and conjugated polymer nanowires, have become the subject of intense investigations due to their importance for both fundamental research and potential applications in nanoscale devices . Among numerous kinds of nano... |
Cervical cancer is considered preventable, as the premalignant stages can be detected by exfoliative cytology like a papanicolaou (pap) smear examination . Nowadays, cytology along with human papilloma virus (hpv) testing is being assessed as a screening test for cervical cancer in the developed countries . Similar to ... |
Gvd was first reported by simchowicz in the hippocampus in cases of senile dementia in 1911 and its ultrastructural characteristics were subsequently described by hirano et al . In 1968 . Microscopically, it is depicted by intraneuronal accumulation of large membrane - bound vacuoles harboring argyrophilic granules . U... |
Determinar se parmetros obtidos antes e aps a realizao do teste do degrau de seis minutos (td6), respostas espiromtricas aps o td6 e o nvel de atividade fsica se correlacionam com a qualidade de vida de adolescentes asmticos . Foram avaliados 19 adolescentes asmticos, com idades variando de 11 - 15 anos, por meio de es... |
In the past 20 years, peritoneal dialysis (pd) has become an alternative to hemodialysis for treatment of end stage of renal diseases (esrd). Unfortunately, peritoneal fibrosis is an almost invariable consequence of peritoneal dialysis (pd). Recent evidence suggests that the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (emt) o... |
Myeloid sarcoma (ms) is an extramedullary mass, which consists of myeloid blasts with or without maturation, forming a tumour in which the tissue architecture is effaced . It may occur de novo or concurrently with acute myeloid leukemia (aml), myelodysplastic syndrome (mds) or a myeloproliferative disorder . Myeloid sa... |
The most commonly used definition of pcos include at least two of the three following criteria: clinical and/or biochemical sign of hyperandrogenism, oligo and/or anovulation and polycystic ovary on ultrasonography excluding other related diseases such as adrenal congenital hyperplasia, cushing's syndrome and androgen ... |
The first known report of spontaneous bleeding from the greater omentum occurred at montreal general hospital in 1918 (1). Since then, omental bleeding has been associated with trauma, neoplasms, omental torsion (2), varices, aneurysms (4,5), and vasculitis (6). Hemoperitoneum is common, however, idiopathic bleeding fr... |
Radiology is a fundamental method for diagnosis and planning in endodontics, since one of the basic concepts of endodontic treatment is working length determination for establishing the correct final distance between the end of obturation and the tooth apex . Investigations on this issue have primarily addressed the re... |
Postictal agitation and psychosis were initially described by esquirol in 1838 and expanded upon by jackson in 1873, . Interest was rekindled in epilepsy - related agitation and psychosis in the 1950s1960s,, with a focus on postictal psychosis during the past few decades,,,, . Logsdail and toone's diagnostic criteria f... |
In addition to serving as editors - in - chief during this inaugural year of the international journal of exercise science, we decided to offer a study abroad course to the students of western kentucky university and winston - salem state university . In desiring to provide them with an unparalleled experience, we emba... |
Actinic granuloma (ag) was first described by obrien in 1975, as a rare granulomatous disease . Lesions present on sun - exposed sites, most commonly on the face, neck and scalp with a slight predominance in middle - aged women . They are generally asymptomatic, single or multiple, annular or polycyclic lesions that ca... |
The synergistic nature of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and herpes infections continue to rise in importance . Herpetic ulcerations increase chances of hiv transmission . In aids, more and more cases of bizarre ulcerations are being attributed to herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection . Asymptomatic perianal sheddin... |
The teeth of humans are used several thousand times a day, a figure that is probably an order of magnitude lower than in our nearest primate relatives . This newly discovered discrepancy has been attributed to the effects of cooking food, which reduces the importance of food breakdown in the mouth . Even so, humans mak... |
The zebra finch, an oscine songbird (order passeriformes), has been extensively studied as a model for the behavioral neurobiology of learning, the role of adult neurogenesis, the neural basis of sensory perception and cognition, sexual differentiation of the brain, and evolution of the genome . The study of songbirds ... |
Dengue is a self - limited viral illness caused by an arbovirus, the dengue virus (dev), a member of the flavivirus family . It has four serotypes, i.e., dev 14 and is transmitted by the bite of the aedes mosquito . Infection results in a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infection, dengue f... |
Renal re - transplant is a situation in which a worse result is expected compared to the first transplant, due to diverse factors among which it would be necessary to mention the possibility of more anti - human leucocyte antigen (hla) antibodies existing in the recipient to possible donors, a worse general condition f... |
Caesarean section is considered to be safer than vaginal delivery . However, in certain cases, injury may be sustained by the newborn as a result of the mechanics of delivery . Bilateral humerus fracture due to the birth trauma, which is extremely rare, can occur during caesarean section . We report here a case of bila... |
Jordan e. pinsker has received prior grant funding for diabetes technology research from the u.s . Army public health command s health promotion and prevention initiatives (hppi) program, as well as from the u.s . Army medical department s advanced medical technology initiative (aamti), through the telemedicine and adv... |
Preterm birth accounts for ~75% of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world and was associated with an economic cost of over $26 billion in the united states during 2005 . This substantial public health burden is disproportionately borne by women and infants in low - income families and in minority... |
As part of the 20012006 national health and nutrition examination surveys (nhanes), the national center for health statistics, centers for disease control and prevention, collected data representative of the u.s . Civilian noninstitutionalized population (10). Survey participants were interviewed at home and invited to... |
Many biological therapies are now available for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) who have an inadequate response to synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (sdmard) especially methotrexate (mtx) or to a first tumor necrosis factor (tnf) inhibitor (tnfi). They can be treated with either tnfi (etanercept (... |
The international diabetes federation (idf) has estimated that 371 million people worldwide had diabetes in 2012 and that 552 million will have this disease by 2030 . Moreover, the costs involved in managing patients with diabetes worldwide were estimated to be approximately 471 billion usd . At least 90% of individual... |
After dehiscence, there is a direct connection between the peritoneal cavity and the vagina; abdominal or pelvic contents may be expelled through the vagina, causing a wide range of signs and symptoms from minimal vaginal discharge to profuse bleeding and gastrointestinal evisceration . The incidence of this condition ... |
Animal and cells samples: all experiments were performed according to the guidelines of the laboratory animal care committee of azabu university, and were in compliance with the fundamental guideline for proper conduct of animal experiment and related activities in academic research institutions . A tumor was removed f... |
The prevalence of abnormal nutritional status has increased in children and adolescents since 1980 in both developed and developing countries, alerting the public health system for the possible risks in terms of cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric diseases [25] and economic impact for additional costs to prevent... |
The integrated data set provides a detailed view of variation across multiple populations (illustrated in fig . Most common variants (94% of variants with frequency 5% in the figure) were known prior to the current phase of the project and had their haplotype structure mapped through earlier projects . In contrast, onl... |
This paper draws on observations and interviews with members of one uk group engaged in basic and clinical neuroscientific research . The study it springs from was an exercise in both sociology of science and empirical ethics investigating the experiences, perspectives and practices of scientists, including the ways in... |
The proposition that the lumbar zygapophysial joints could be a source of low back pain is valid - as a concept . In normal volunteers, experimental noxious stimulation of these joints the problem lies in how to establish in a given patient if their back pain stems from a zygapophysial joint . Neither medical imaging n... |
The capsule of sp is formed with a complex polysaccharide that determines the serological type and contributes to the germ virulence and pathogenicity . These bacteria are commonly found as commensals of the human respiratory tract, especially in winter and early spring, and are transmitted from person to person by dro... |
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